Egypt: “The Gift of the Nile”
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Egypt: “The Gift of the Nile” •Irrigation •Papyrus – paper, mats, sandals, rope, baskets, boats •Fish •Waterfowl •Transportation •Animals
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Egypt: “The Gift of the Nile”. Irrigation Papyrus – paper, mats, sandals, rope, baskets, boats Fish Waterfowl Transportation Animals. Impact of Geography. Fertile Nile River Marshy Nile Delta (silt, plentiful vegetation and animals)- Lower Egypt Deshret – “Red Land”- Sounds like - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Egypt: “The Gift of the Nile”
Egypt: “The Gift of the Nile”•Irrigation
•Papyrus – paper, mats, sandals, rope, baskets, boats
•Fish
•Waterfowl
•Transportation
•Animals
Impact of Geography
• Fertile Nile River
• Marshy Nile Delta (silt, plentiful vegetation and animals)- Lower Egypt
• Deshret – “Red Land”- Sounds like
• Upper Egypt- Higher Elevation
• The Wild Nile- Rapids, Flooding
Unification of Upper and Lower Egypt
King Menes aka Narmer
Old Kingdom (2,700-2,000 BCE)
• Centralized Powers
• Strong Pharaohs
• Theocracy
• How do we know so much?
Hieroglyphics
• Rosetta Stone 1799
• Found by Napoleon’s troops
• Greek, Hieroglyphics & Demotic
Religion
• http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/gods/story/main.html
• Theocracy – king is seen as God – incarnation of Ra
• Polytheistic
• Book of the Dead
Pyramids
• important for “ka” of the pharaoh (continues to bless Egypt)
• Built during the Old Kingdom
Mummies!
Isis & Osiris
• Osiris – Underworld, Vegetation, Fertility
• Isis – Motherhood, Queens
Power of the Nile
• Trade
• Travel
• Flooding
The Middle Kingdom (2,040- 1,640 BCE)
• Prosperity and Projects
• Reuniting Upper and Lower Egypt
Necessary Technology
• Irrigation Systems
• Dams
• Shadoof
Scientific Advancements
• Calendar- 365 days, 12 months, 30 days
• Medical- slings, heart rate by pulse, surgery, wound care
Social Classes
The New Kingdom
• Expansion of religious participation (commoners)
• Expansion of borders
• Increased building of temples and monuments
Ahmose 1600 BC
• Overthrows Hyksos
• Restoration of Egyptian trade & culture
• Takes name “Pharaoh”
• Pharaoh = “Great House”
Hatshepsut 1480 BC
• Crowned herself pharaoh (first woman)
• Regent for Thutmose III
• Beard – symbol of power
Thutmose III 1400’s BC
• Expansion to the Euphrates
• *** Empire
• **Cultural Diffusion
with Mesopotamia
Ramses the Great 1200’s BC
• Temples & monuments
• Peace treaty with Syria
• Pharaoh of the Moses story
