Egypt for IDRC 2, June 2010 final.pptx
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Transcript of Egypt for IDRC 2, June 2010 final.pptx
Egyptian Cabinet I S D F
Egyptian Approach to Informal Settlements Development
Egyptian Cabinet of MinistersInformal Settlements Development
FacilitiesEgyptian Cabinet I S D F
IDRC Davos 2010
Dr. Sherif Algohary & Prof. Ali El-Faramwy
ISDF, Egyptian CabinetE mail: TA&[email protected]
Egyptian Cabinet I S D F
Informal Settlements Development Programs. International Commitments towards Informal Settlements Development. Scale of Informal Settlement in Egypt. Policies of Informal Settlements Development . Informal Settlements Development Facility Themes.Local Development Practices.Conclusions.
ContentEgyptian Cabinet I S D F
Egyptian Cabinet I S D F
Informal Settlements Development Programs
First Stage: 1994 - 2004 Informal Settlements Development Program
Providing Basic Urban Services (electricity, municipal cleanliness, water, sanitary drainage, road paving) for about 325 informal areas and developed 13 deteriorated areas with expenditure total cost 3.2 Billion L.E.
Second Stage: 2004 - 2008 Informal Settlements Belting Program
Focusing on supporting local government in preparing detailed plans to enable development efforts for restrict the growth of informal areas.
Third Stage: Informal Settlements Development Facility A presidential Decree # 305/2008 for establishment ISDF. Priority for Unsafe Areas. The main goal of ISDF is to contribute to ensuring safe housing in Egypt. The main objective is to improve the quality of life of the residents in unsafe areas.
Deweka Disaster (October 2008)
Egyptian Cabinet I S D F
International Commitment Towards Unsafe Areas Development
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: Egypt ratified on 1982 , It states in article 11. Ensure the right of everyone to an adequate standard of living for himself and his family, including
adequate food, clothing and housing, and to the continuous improvement of living conditions. safe housing as main human right and adequate standard of living. Determine factors of adequate housing, food and clothing.
Millennium Development Goals (MDG) : Adopted by the UN member states in 2000 “Target 11”. One of the three targets of Goal 7 “Ensure Environmental Sustainability,” Target 11 is
aiming that: “By 2020, to have achieved a significant improvement in lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers”.
Egyptian Cabinet I S D F
Unsafe Areas:
Unsafe areas are 5% of urban areas .Density 200 person/ fadden.Building heights 1-2 floors.Doesn’t provide safe housing.Needs immediate intervention.
Unplanned Areas
Scale of Informal Areas in Egypt
Planned
Slums
Unsafe areas
Unplanned areas
Slums areas are 60% of urban areas Density 500 person/ fadden.Building heights 4-10 floors.Provides optimum level of safe housing.Needs long term development.
Egyptian Cabinet I S D F
Classification Criteria of Unsafe Areas
UN Habitat CriteriaAreas lacking accessibility to clean water
Lack accessibility to clean drinking water
Areas lacking accessibility to sanitation
Lack accessibility to improved sanitation;
Lack of Tenure Areas
Living areas that lack possession by documents of title or squatters on state land or other entities
Areas lacking suitable housing
Built on unsafe areas (geological formations)Ruins;In the vicinity of industrial pollution;Under high voltage power cables;Under threat of railways accidents;Buildings made of make-shift materials;
Areas lacking sufficient living space
More than one person per room.
ISDF CriteriaGrade (1): Areas that threaten life
Under sliding geological formations,In flood areas; and Under threat of railways accidents;
Grade (2): Areas of unsuitable shelter conditions
Buildings made of make-shift materials;Sites unsuitable for building, solid waste dumps;Ruins;
Grade (3): Areas of health risks
Lack accessibility to clean drinking water or improved sanitation;In the vicinity of industrial pollution;Under high voltage power cables;
Grade (4): Areas of instability of tunere
Areas on state land;Areas on territory dominated by focal points; Areas on the territory of Endowments.
Grades are ordered according to degree of risk, thus the higher risk overrules the lower ,
Egyptian Cabinet I S D F
- Preparation of action plans for the development of unsafe areas in governorates (35 action plans in 19 governorates).- Provide technical assistance and institutional capacity development.- Follow-up operational plans for national projects (facilities - Housing initial care ...).- Supporting the finance of the principle of cost recovery for the implementation of development projects.- The preparation of the national plan for the development of unsafe areas.
Pilot Projects Phase
Preparation Phase
National Plan for Development of Unsafe Areas
National Phase1 / 20091 / 2010
1 / 2010 2017 / 2020- Preparation of financial regulations and
rules of Fund. - Setting Goals and reference frame for the
activities.- Review legislative framework for
activities. - Building the regulatory framework and the provision of the provision of human resources of the Fund. - Allocation of resources of the Fund from the State fund. - Resources Development of non-traditional Fund. - Building geographical information database system of unsafe areas.- Classification of consultants, experts and NGOs. - Preparation of agreements with stakeholders (Endowments - Associations - research centers ...). - Preparation of scientific studies (electricity / Geology / Water and Sanitation / legislative framework ... etc.)
- Implementation of action plans for unsafe areas.- Monitoring and evaluation of progress in achieving the objectives.- Expansion of activities.
Egyptian Cabinet I S D F
National Map of Unsafe Areas
WWW.ISDF .INFO
Governorate Category (1) Category (2) Category (3) Category (4) Total
Cairo 16 33 3 1 53Alexandria 2 5 3 - 10Port Said - 6 - - 6
Suez - 4 - 1 5Helwan - - 7 - 7
6 of October - 8 - - 8Damietta - 2 - 1 3Dakhalaia - 15 6 - 21
Sharkia - 12 1 1 14Kalioubia - 13 11 - 24
Kafr El-Shekh 1 17 3 1 22Gharbia - 7 1 3 11
Menoufia - 4 6 - 10
Bahira - 7 3 1 11Ismailia - 10 3 7 20
Giza - 24 - - 24Beni Suif - 17 - - 17
Fayoum - 1 3 1 5Menya - 6 2 1 9Assuit - 3 1 - 4Sohag - 13 1 - 14Qena - 43 5 1 49
Aswan 3 1 6 - 10Luxor - 7 3 1 11
Red Sea 4 7 - - 11New Valley - 5 - - 5
Marsa Matrouh
3 8 - - 11
North Sinai - - - - -South Sinai 6 3 - 9
Total 35 281 68 20 404
Egyptian Cabinet I S D F
Mashtool El-Suq – Sharqia Governorate
Safe Areas
Unsafe Areas
Planned Areas
Unplanned
Areas
NGO
Average Area of
Unit
No. of Units
Overcrowd rate
Land Owner-
ship
Area (Fadda
n)
Risk Degre
eArea
100 40 2.5Private
Property 1.7 2 Khalf El Shouna
90 16 2.5 Railway 1.14 2 Derisa and khalf el bosta
100 7 3.57Private
Property 0.3 2 Ezbet elias
100 63 100 3.14 Total
National Map of Unsafe Areas
Egyptian Cabinet I S D F
Khalf El-Shouna Area- Mashtool EL-Souq City- Sharqeya Governorate
NGO
Average Area of
Unit
No. of Units
No. of Floors
Overcrowd rate
Population Density
Land Owner-
ship
Buildings Area
Area (Faddan) Area
----- 100 40 1 2.5 0.56Private
Property 1.07 1.7Khalf El-Shouna
Location of the Area in relevance to the city
National Map of Unsafe Areas
Egyptian Cabinet I S D F
Life threatening areas program (Grade :1)
Muqatam Area, Manshiet Naser,
Cairo Governorate
Cairo
16 areas
Rest of Governorates
19 areas
Urban Programs
Unsuitable shelter conditions areas program (Grade 2)
Governmental Authorities
31 Areas State Land 91 areas
Private Lands
159 areas
State land - Qalyoubia
Governorate
Private Land - Assuit
Governorate
Railway Authorities – Kafr
Alshekh Governorate
Egyptian Cabinet I S D F
Total expenditure cost 3.9 Billion L.E.
Development Cost 19.8 Billion L.E
Added Value 15.9 Billion L.E
Urban Programs
Self finance
6 areas Partial finance
10 areas
Added value
75 areas
Unsuitable conditions areas program on state lands (Grade 2)
AfterBefore
Zerzara Area, Port Said Governorate (Added Value Area)
Added Value AreasSocial Value Areas
)No Cost Recovery(
Provide Fund
Egyptian Cabinet I S D F
Improve areas of high risk sources for public health (Grade 3)
Urban Programs
Governmental Authorities
2 AreasPrivate Lands
49 areasState Lands
17 areas
Wa-ter and san-itary 8 ar-eas
In-dus-trial Pol-lu-
tion5 ar-eas
Elec-tricity 55 ar-eas
Helwan Governorate
Governmental Authorities
5 Areas
State Lands
15 areas
Improve legal instability of tenure
(Grade 4)
FayoumGovernorate
Egyptian Cabinet I S D F
Relationships Between Urban Programs:
Time frame for Intervention:
• Life threatening areas (Grade 1) needs immediate intervention.
• Unsuitable conditions areas (Grade 2) needs rapid intervention.
• Health risk areas (Grade 3) needs improvement according to central authorities programs.
• Instability areas (Grade 4) according to priorities of local governorates.
Finance Mechanism:
Both unsuitable conditions areas with added values and instability areas provide financial resources that can be targeted for improvement of unsafe areas projects which have no cost recovery, as well as improving areas which have lack of utilities and instability in tenure areas
Urban Programs
Egyptian Cabinet I S D F
Partnership and Cooperation
Institutional Framework
Local Governorat
e
Informal Settlements Development Facility (ISDF)
Local Authoritie
sCommunity
Egyptian Cabinet I S D F
Technical InstitutesPreparation of strategies. Action plans.Project Implementation.
Local Authorities Implementation of action plans . Action plans follow up. Project management.
NGOs Evaluation of community needs. Mobilization of civil society. Project implementation follow up.
MEDIA Documentation of community needs. Public follow up of project implementation. Encouraging kind and financial contributions.
Technical Assistance and Capacity Building
Egyptian Cabinet I S D F
1. Project level (Project manager to governorate) Monitoring implementation of project activities.
2. Local Level (Governorates to ISDF) In-kind follow up. Financial follow up
3. Central Level (General Organization for Planning to ISDF) Preparation of strategic plans for unplanned areas. Preparation of detailed action plans for unplanned areas. Providing lands for low income.
4. National Level (ISDF to Prime Minister) Progress indicators for the followings:
Development of unsafe areas. Effective partnership and cooperation. Capacity building of stakeholders in preparation and implement of action plans. Financial resources development.
Monitoring and Evaluation
Egyptian Cabinet I S D F
The national program for development of unsafe areas is depending on different
resources of finance which include the followings:
• The State Budget with total amount of 1.1 Billion Egyptian pounds (about 200 Million $)
• A fund from the Ministry of Housing from its National Housing Program (NHP) for low cost
housing, which will support the ISDF program for the construction of 25,000 new units with total
cost about 2,1 Billion Egyptian pounds (about 400 Million $).
• The Land Based finance from the development of governmental lands which had a cost
recovery with total amount of 17 Billion Egyptian pounds.
• The Self Finance of the governmental authorities which own the lands such as railways authority,
irrigation authority, Awkaf authority and Antiques authority with total amount of 450 million
Egyptian pounds (about 90 Million $)
• International cooperation funds presented to the Egyptian government from development
agencies , donor countries , international financial institutions and organizations with total amount
of 300 Million Egyptian Pounds (about 60 Million $).
Resources of Finance
Egyptian Cabinet I S D F
Local Development Practices
Zienhum Area- Cairo
Strategy of Intervention: • Redevelopment of the area on 3 stages by replacement and renewal method.• Evacuating the 1st sector of residents outside the study area and locating them in temporarily units in El-Nahda area (El-Salam), then final relocation in the developed area after implementing the first stage.
Stakeholders• Cairo Governorate.• Red Crescent Society.• Business men.
Aims to develop of Zienhum slum area
Development Results: • Providing 348 units for 1st stage.• Providing 948 units for 2nd stage (A-B) in addition to 14 shop and women social center and mosque.• Providing 696 units for 3rd stage.
Egyptian Cabinet I S D F
Aims to develop of the slums area which include an average population of 3000 resident.
Development Results: The project was constructed on 4 stages which include: • Providing housing for 3000 inhabitant in new units.• Construction of medical center, social services center, 5 children centers, and different socio-economic programs for women and children.
Future Society Organization Project - Giza
Strategy of intervention: • Building of trust with the community by 3 medical campaigns in 2004.
• Running on site survey in order to get real information about the community and evaluation of their needs.
• Building of 11 residential building for those who used to live in shared units or slums.
• Social services organization with the government.
Local Development Practices
Egyptian Cabinet I S D F
Aims to implement community development projects in order to improve the urban, social and economic standards of slums areas and encourage the inhabitants to participate in the development process.
Stakeholders:
Cairo GovernorateAga-khan FoundationSocial Development Facility Supreme Council of Antiquities
El- Darb El -Ahmar Project - Cairo
Strategy of intervention: • Rehabilitation of housing, public buildings, infrastructure, public spaces and the restoration of monuments in the area.
• Develop and improve the health and environmental services, education and providing opportunities for recruiting and free vocational and professional training .
Local Development Practices
Egyptian Cabinet I S D F
Stakeholders• Giza Governorate• GTZ• EECA
The project aims to find practical solutions for the rehabilitation of residential buildings and improve the physical environment in Abu Qatada District Boulaqe Al- Dakrur.
Abu-Qatada Area, Boulaq El-Dakrour- Giza
Strategy of intervention: • Creating an urban pattern through development project.• Encouraging the owners of houses in financial contribution .• Creating a successful model for repetition in other areas . • Improving the level of living through building capacities of the inhabitants and their participation in the development process.
Local Development Practices
Egyptian Cabinet I S D F
Ring road penetrating 13 slums areas
The project aims to improve of 13 slums areas and constructing the ring road along 8 km with a width of 22 m as a development axis.
Improving of 13 Slums Areas - Damietta
• Improving the level of living by providing 5000 job opportunities in furnishing production.
• Environmental enhancement and the disposal of garbage areas.
• Reduction of health hazards risks from high-voltage power lines.
Improvement Results:
Strategy of intervention: • Moving high voltage power lines away from residential area by 10-12 m.
• Changing high voltage power lines with under ground lines.• Construction of a new roads with 22 m width .• Urban Rehabilitation of housing in the area.
Local Development Practices
Egyptian Cabinet I S D F
Conclusions
1) The newly Egyptian approach developed by the ISDF, has been replaced the formerly
called ‘slums’ or ‘informal settlements’ with the two distinctive terms of ‘unplanned
areas’ and ‘unsafe areas’ and classify the later according to the degree of risk to life and
property.
2) The ISDF approach is very useful in identifying priorities for intervention; based on the
distinction between unsafe areas and unplanned areas, the former requires immediate
action, while the later requires either a medium or long term strategy.
3) The national map of Unsafe areas of Egypt had identified the unsafe areas in all urban
centres of Egypt which include 404 unsafe urban areas with approximately 850 thousands
inhabitants.
4) The ISDF has currently initiate phase 2 of the national plan for development of unsafe
areas and it includes preparation of the action plans in 35 unsafe areas all over Egypt, and
it starts implementation in early 2010 to finalize the development of these areas by year
2020.
Egyptian Cabinet I S D F
Thank You
2 ,June 2010
Dr. Sherif AlgoharyManger of Technical assistant and Building Capacity Unit
ISDF, Egyptian CabinetE mail: TA&[email protected]
IDRC Davos 2010
Informal Settlements Development Facilities
Egyptian Cabinet of Ministers