EGR166 A

Engineering Graphics/Conceptual Design

Ankeny Campus

Arts & Sciences

Lecture 3

1

2

OutlineAttendance

Registration

Section 1.5.1: CAD Database Standards

Section 1.6: Alphabet of Lines

Section 1.7: Specialists and Technical Drawings

Section 1.8: Technical Drawing Tools

Quiz 1

Section 1.9: Computer-Aided Drawing Tools

Section 1.10: Traditional Tools

Section 1.11: What You Will Learn

Section 1.12: Future Trends

Standards for CAD

• allow for use of computer graphics on different hardware & software

Graphics Kernel System (GKS)

• the first International Standards Organization (ISO) standard for CAD

• for 2-D images

• common in 1980s

• ISO/IEC 7942 & ANSI X3.124

• obsolete

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Section 1.5.1: CAD Database Standards

http://www.chilton-computing.org.uk/acd/literature/books/gks/p001.htm

http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/~slb/courses/Graphics/g13.html

http://terrysmith.net/archives/collegehomepage/research/phigs/phigs.html

http://www.opengl.org/

Programmer's Hierarchical Interactive Graphics System(PHIGS)

• descendent of GKS

• standard for 3D graphics

• primitive-not realistic models

• ISO/IEC 9592 & 9593 & ANSI X3.144-1988

• obsolete

4

Section 1.5.1: CAD Database Standards

http://terrysmith.net/archives/collegehomepage/research/phigs/phigs.html

http://www.opengl.org/

Present work

• new standards like ISO 13567

• managing CAD Database Standards can be a big problem

• cheaper & faster computing + more people creating & using CAD files =

huge mess making sure everyone is using the same standards

• AutoCAD can set up automatic standards for CAD databases

• http://au.autodesk.com/?nd=event_class&session_id=6650&jid=

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Section 1.5.1: CAD Database Standards

http://terrysmith.net/archives/collegehomepage/research/phigs/phigs.html

http://www.opengl.org/

American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) standard on

lines for technical drawings

• ASME Y14.2M-1992

• Figure 1.18

For pencil & paper drawings

• only need two light weights

• “thick” (0.6 mm) using F or HB pencil

• “thin” (0.3 mm) using H or 2H pencil

CAD software (AutoCAD, SolidWorks, etc.)

• CAD software such as can be made to conform to this

• or, make your own custom standard & make other people follow it!

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Section 1.6: Alphabet of Lines

different engineering fields use different specialized drawings

• for instance, circuit drawings for electrical engineers

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Section 1.7: Specialists and Technical Drawings

Traditional tools

Computer-Aided Drawing (CAD) tools

Section 1.8: Technical Drawing Tools

8

Section 1.9: CAD Drawing Tools

Computer Basics

Operating System

CAD Software

Input

Memory CPU

Output

Software

Hardware

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Software

CAD software

Operating System

• Windows, Macintosh, UNIX, etc.

• Engineering Graphics

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Hardware

Central Processing Unit

• the “brain” of a computer, housed in a

motherboard

• our computer/information age began w/ the

modern integrated circuit in 1958

• processor rated by it’s clock speed (hertz)

• for CAD purposes, require powerful processor for

displaying complicated figures

Display Device

• the monitor

• the resolution, rated by pixels, i.e. 1280X1024

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More Hardware

Input Devices

• Keyboards & Mouse

• Specialized CAD equipment

o Tablet (Skymall Catalog)

o 3D mouse

Output Devices

• printers/plotters

• specialized printers for drawings

Memory

• hard drives, USB drives

• servers

Pencils

• mechanical pencils: special drawing pencils

• pencil lead size: approximately corresponds to line size

• pencil lead hardness

o B to HB to F to H

o higher numbers correspond to harder lead

Drawing Paper

• different materials

o regular paper for initial sketches

o mylar

• standard drafting paper sizes

Scales12

Section 1.10: Traditional Tools

Cooler visualization tools

• easier for the engineer to visualize and design

• better presentation

Volumetric Display Device

• 3D display

Rapid prototyping system

• using 3D printing to quickly create prototype model

Cave Automatic Virtual Environment

• http://youtu.be/08x0hT5f9Z4

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Section 1.12: Future Trends

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Homework 3

Chapter 1 Questions for Review

• 10

Workbook Problems

• 1.1 Alphabet of Lines

Problems

• 1.9

• 1.10

Read Sections 2.1-2.7

Introduction to engineering design

Going to learn (and do!) two things

• Conceptual Design

• Engineering Graphics

Conceptual Design

• the “Concept Art” for engineering

Engineering Graphics

• how to communicate your design

How?

•“Old school” pencil & paper

• CAD “Computer-Aided Design” with AutoCAD15

Section : Template