Eglin Steel
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5/22/13 Eglin steel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eglin_steel 1/3 Eglin steel From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Eglin steel (ES-1) is a high-strength, high-performance, low-alloy, low-cost steel, developed for new generation of bunker buster type bombs, e.g. the Massive Ordnance Penetrator and the improved version of the GBU-28 bomb known as EGBU-28. It was developed in collaboration between the US Air Force and the Ellwood National Forge Company (http://www.elwd.com). The development of Eglin steel was commissioned to find a low-cost replacement for strong and tough but expensive superalloy steels such as AF-1410, Aermet-100, HY-180, and HP9-4-20/30. A high-performance casing material is required so the weapon survives the high impact speeds required for deep penetration. The material has a wide range of other applications, from missile parts and tank bodies to machine parts. The material can be less expensive because it can be ladle-refined. It does not require vacuum processing. Unlike some other high-performance alloys, Eglin steel can be welded easily, broadening the range of its application. Also, it uses roughly half as much nickel as other superalloys, substituting silicon to help with toughness and particles of vanadium carbide and tungsten carbide for additional hardness and high-temperature strength. The material also involves chromium, tungsten, and low to medium amounts of carbon, which contribute to the material's strength and hardness. Contents 1 Properties 2 Details 3 See also 4 References 5 External links Properties At room temperature, ES-1's yield (tensile strength before deformation) is 224,500 PSI (1547 MPa), ultimate yield (breaking point) is 263,700 PSI (1818 MPa). At 900°C, yield is 193,900 PSI (1337 MPa), and ultimate yield is 246,700 (1701 MPa). Rockwell hardness is 45.6 (455 HV 10 ). For toughness, the Charpy notch impact is 56.2 foot-pounds (76 J) at room temperature, and 42.7 ft-lbs (58 J) at -40F (-40°C). [1] ES-1 is a balance of cost, tensile strength, high temperature tensile strength and toughness. By varying the heat treatment to include water or liquid nitrogen quenching, or omitting the normalization heat-treat to permit work hardening, properties can be improved. [2] ES-5, with an economical air and water quench, [3] provides 244,800 PSI of yield, and 291,900 PSI ultimate yield. [4] Details
Transcript of Eglin Steel
5/22/13 Eglin steel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eglin_steel 1/3
Eglin steelFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Eglin steel (ES-1) is a high-strength, high-performance, low-alloy, low-cost steel, developed for new generationof bunker buster type bombs, e.g. the Massive Ordnance Penetrator and the improved version of the GBU-28bomb known as EGBU-28. It was developed in collaboration between the US Air Force and the Ellwood NationalForge Company (http://www.elwd.com).
The development of Eglin steel was commissioned to find a low-cost replacement for strong and tough butexpensive superalloy steels such as AF-1410, Aermet-100, HY-180, and HP9-4-20/30. A high-performancecasing material is required so the weapon survives the high impact speeds required for deep penetration. Thematerial has a wide range of other applications, from missile parts and tank bodies to machine parts.
The material can be less expensive because it can be ladle-refined. It does not require vacuum processing. Unlikesome other high-performance alloys, Eglin steel can be welded easily, broadening the range of its application. Also,it uses roughly half as much nickel as other superalloys, substituting silicon to help with toughness and particles ofvanadium carbide and tungsten carbide for additional hardness and high-temperature strength. The material alsoinvolves chromium, tungsten, and low to medium amounts of carbon, which contribute to the material's strength andhardness.
Contents
1 Properties
2 Details3 See also
4 References
5 External links
Properties
At room temperature, ES-1's yield (tensile strength before deformation) is 224,500 PSI (1547 MPa), ultimate yield(breaking point) is 263,700 PSI (1818 MPa). At 900°C, yield is 193,900 PSI (1337 MPa), and ultimate yield is246,700 (1701 MPa). Rockwell hardness is 45.6 (455 HV10). For toughness, the Charpy notch impact is 56.2
foot-pounds (76 J) at room temperature, and 42.7 ft-lbs (58 J) at -40F (-40°C). [1]
ES-1 is a balance of cost, tensile strength, high temperature tensile strength and toughness. By varying the heattreatment to include water or liquid nitrogen quenching, or omitting the normalization heat-treat to permit work
hardening, properties can be improved. [2] ES-5, with an economical air and water quench, [3] provides 244,800
PSI of yield, and 291,900 PSI ultimate yield. [4]
Details
5/22/13 Eglin steel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eglin_steel 2/3
The material composition by weight is:[5]
Iron (84.463-90%)
Carbon (0.16-0.35%)
Manganese (0.85%)
Silicon (max. 1.25%), stabilizes the austenite phase, enhances toughness
Chromium (max. 1.50-3.25%), enhances strength and hardenabilityMolybdenum (max. 0.55%), enhances hardenability
Nickel (5.00%), increases toughness
Tungsten (0.70-3.25%), enhances strength and wear resistance
Vanadium (0.05-0.3%), increases toughness
Copper (0.50%)
Phosphorus (impurity, max. 0.015%)
Sulfur (impurity, max. 0.012%)
Calcium (max. 0.02%), sulfur control agent
Nitrogen (impurity, max. 0.14%)
Aluminium (max. 0.05%)
The material has an unusually wide range of production methods for a superalloy: electric arc, ladle refined withvacuum treatment; vacuum induction melting; vacuum arc remelting, and even electro slag remelting. Vacuum
treatments are recommended for best strength and premium uses.[6]
The material has to undergo heat treatment involving normalization, quenching and tempering to develop therequired austenitic microstructure, with subsequent tempering. Test plates were 1 inch. First they were normalized.They were charged in a furnace at 500F. Heated at 125F per hour to 1625-1725F. Held at 1750F for an hour perinch of section size, and then air-cooled to room temperature. Next the samples were austenized by repeating theprocess up to 1700F, and held for an hour per inch of section size, then oil quenched to below 125F. Finally, theywere tempered by in an oven that started below 500F, increased at 100F per hour per inch of section size, and
allowed to air-cool to room temperature.[7]
See also
Eglin Air Force Base
References
1. ^ U.S. Patent No. 7,537,727 B2, Accessed July 16, 2009, column 3, Table 55
2. ^ U.S. Patent No. 7,537,727 B2, Accessed July 16, 2009, column 7, line 5.
3. ^ U.S. Patent No. 7,537,727 B2, Accessed July 16, 2009, column 6, line 65
4. ^ U.S. Patent No. 7,537,727 B2, Accessed July 16, 2009, column 5, line 1
5. ^ U.S. Patent No. 7,537,727 B2, Accessed July 16, 2009, column 3, line 5
6. ^ U.S. Patent No. 7,537,727 B2, Accessed July 16, 2009, column 3, line 45.
7. ^ U.S. Patent No. 7,537,727 B2, Accessed July 16, 2009, column 4, line 35
External links
5/22/13 Eglin steel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eglin_steel 3/3
AFRL Horizons - Eglin steel (http://www.afrlhorizons.com/Briefs/Dec03/MN0304.html)
Globalsecurity.org - EGBU-28 (http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/munitions/gbu-28e.htm)
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