EGF Working Group “Grazing” Grazing in a high-tech world Grazing Ecology … · 2018-10-17 ·...

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EGF Working Group “Grazing” Grazing in a high-tech world PISA case study: how an innovation in grazing management can modify all the production system at farm level Grazing Ecology Research Group Paulo César de Faccio Carvalho Depto. Plantas Forrageiras e Agrometeorologia – UFRGS [email protected]

Transcript of EGF Working Group “Grazing” Grazing in a high-tech world Grazing Ecology … · 2018-10-17 ·...

Page 1: EGF Working Group “Grazing” Grazing in a high-tech world Grazing Ecology … · 2018-10-17 · EGF Working Group “Grazing” Grazing in a high-tech world PISA case study: how

EGF Working Group “Grazing”

Grazing in a high-tech world

PISA case study: how an innovation in grazing management can modify all the production system

at farm level

Grazing Ecology

Research Group

Paulo César de Faccio Carvalho

Depto. Plantas Forrageiras e Agrometeorologia – UFRGS

[email protected]

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The Brazilian Pampa Biome Grazing Ecology

Research Group

Overbeck, G.E. et al. 2007. Brazil’s neglected biome: The South Brazilian Campos.

Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, v.9, p.101-116.

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Grupo de Pesquisa em Ecologia do Pastejo

PISA ? Produção Integrada de Sistemas Agropecuários

PISA is a concept of

production system

based on sustainable

intensification

principles.

It is an Extension

Project reaching now

1050 small farmers in

Southern Brazil.

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The PISA case study: from science to practice Grazing Ecology

Research Group

On average, farmers milk 14 lactating cows, for a total daily milk production

of ~150 l. Farms have ~20 ha.

Cows have access to pastures but ~70% of nutrients come from silage +concentrates

Consequences: > cost, > labor (feeding animals), < $ and young abandoning

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Science into practice: changing small holders lives…

...by which means? Starting with principles...

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•Novos conceitos no manejo de pastagens

Courtesy: M. Gibb

Grazing is a time consuming process

We assume that animals do not have enough time to ”graze nutrients” due

to the classical rationale…

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Grupo de Pesquisa em Ecologia do Pastejo

Changing the classical rationale on pastoral systems

Plant growth (primary productivity)

Plant harvest (secondary productivity)

Courtesy, Sbrissia, A.

Focus on harvesting efficiency

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Grupo de Pesquisa em

Ecologia do Pastejo

Animal oriented guidelines: evaluation process

Phase 1

Scale: bite

Output: sward

targets

Main parameter:

Intake rate

Phase 2

Scale: tiller

Output: sward dynamics

Main parameter:

Efficiency of

harvesting

Phase 3

Scale: paddock

Output: sward

production

Main parameter:

Efficiency of

utilization

from reductionism… …to production systems

Spatio-temporal scales (-) (+)

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Grupo de Pesquisa em

Ecologia do Pastejo

Grazing behaviour determining pasture targets

Courtesy: J. Mezzalira

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Grupo de Pesquisa em

Ecologia do Pastejo

(○) rotational stocking

(●) continuous stocking

Cynodon spp

A. strigosa

A. strigosa Cynodon spp

Pre-grazing targets

Mezzalira et al., 2016. Adaptations of Type IV functional response for estimating short-term

intake rate by grazing herbivores. Journal of Functional Ecology (subm).

Determining pre-grazing targets…

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Grupo de Pesquisa em

Ecologia do Pastejo

Take the best and leave

the rest …

Sorghum

Cynodon

Carvalho, P. C. F. 2013. Harry Stobbs Memorial Lecture: Can grazing behaviour

support innovations in grassland management?. Tropical Grasslands – Forrajes

Tropicales, v. 1, p. 137-155, 2013.

Determining post-grazing targets…

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“Rotatinuous” stocking on temperate pastures

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“Rotatinuous stocking” on tropical pastures

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Courtesy: SIA

Stakeholder empowerment Grazing Ecology

Research Group

Alexandre Becker

”High-tech” sward stick– home made

Field day PISA Vale do Taquari

Travesseiro, RS, July 2012

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Sward growth

Gross margin

Rotatinuous

Intake rate

Silage & concentrate

Costs & labour

(+) (-) (-)

Liability & $ Health & milk

quality

(+)

(+)

Soil improvement

C stocks

Milk/ha

(+)

(+)

Planning short term

Planning long term

t

Long term changes:

Farm structure Diversification Self confidence

(+)

(+)

(+)

(+)

(+)

(+)

(+)

Family & sucession

(+)

Milk/hd

(+)

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Changing the value of farmers

work (father) changes the

willingness of young to not

leave farms…

…then, high-tech will keep

their interest on rural life...

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Need for innovation in grazing science…

Grazing Ecology

Research Group

Courtesy: R. Grecellé

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Thank you! [email protected]

Grazing Ecology

Research Group