Arulmigu Kalasalingam College of Engineering Anand Nagar, Krishnankoil – 626 190.

Srivilliputtur (Via), Virudhunagar District, Tamil Nadu DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

SUBJECT : ENGINEERING GRAPHICS NAME OF THE STAFF : DEPARTMENT : MECHANICAL CODE : GE1101SEM/YEAR : I/I

TUTORIAL-I

(1) A pentagonal prim or base side 30 mm, axis length 60 mm is resting on HP on one of its base sides with its axis inclined at 40° to HP and parallel to VP. Draw its projections.

(2) A square pyramid of base side 30 mm, axis length 60 mm is resting on HP on one of its base corners with its axis inclined at 50° to HP and parallel to VP. Draw its projections when the base sides containing the resting corners are equally inclined to HP.

(3) A pentagonal pyramid of base side 30 mm, axis length 60 mm is resting on HP on one of its base sides, with the face containing the resting side being perpendicular to both HP and VP. Draw its projections.

(4) A hexagonal pyramid of base side 30 mm, axis length 60 mm is resting on HP on one of its triangular faces with its axis parallel to VP. Draw its projections.

(5) A hexagonal pyramid of base side 30 mm and axis length 60 mm is freely suspended by means of a string from one of its base corners with its axis parallel to VP. Draw its projections.

(6) A cylinder of base diameter 40 mm and axis length 60 mm is resting on HP on a point on the circumference of base. Draw its projections when the bases are inclined at 50° to HP and perpendicular to VP.

(7) A cone of base diameter 40 mm and axis length 60 mm is resting on HP on a point on the circumference of the base with its axis parallel to VP and inclined at 45° to HP. Draw its projections.

(8) A cone of base diameter 50 mm and axis length 60 mm is placed with a generator parallel to and 15 mm above HP. Draw its projections when the axis is parallel to VP.

(9) A hexagonal prism of base side 30 mm and axis length 60 mm is resting on HP on one of its base corners with its axis is inclined at 45° to HP and parallel to VP. Draw its projections when the sides containing the resting corner are equally inclined to HP.

(10) A hexagonal pyramid of base side 30 mm and axis length 60 mm is resting on HP on one of its base corners the base being lifted up until the highest corner in it is 45mm above HP. Draw its projections when the axis is parallel to VP.

TUTORIAL-II (1) An octahedron of side 40 mm is resting on HP on one of its triangular faces with a diagonal

parallel to VP. Draw its projections.(2) A tetrahedron of edge 55 mm is resting on HP on one of its edges with the face containing the edge

perpendicular to both HP and VP. Draw its projections.(3) A pentagonal prism of base side 30 mm and axis length 60 mm is resting on HP on one of its base

corners with its bases inclined at 55° to HP and perpendicular to VP. Draw its projections when the base sides containing the resting corner are equally inclined to HP.

(4) A triangular prism of base side 30 mm and axis length 60 mm is resting on HP on one of its base sides with the axis inclined at 50° to HP and parallel to VP. Draw its projections.

(5) A cone of base 40 mm diameter and 60 mm high rests on its circular rim in such a way that one of its generators is perpendicular to HP. Draw its projections. The plane containing the vertical generator and axis is parallel to VP.

(6) A right regular pentagonal prism 50 mm high and side of base 25 mm stands on one of thebase edges on HP and the face containing the edge is inclined at 45° to the HP and perpen-dicular to VP. Draw the top and front views.

(7) A hexagonal prism side of base 25 mm and altitude 70 mm lies on one of its rectangular faces on HP and the axis. inclined at 30° to VP. Draw its projections.

(8) A hexagonal pyramid of base side 30 mm and axis length 65 mm is resting on VP on one of its triangular faces with its axis parallel to HP. Draw its projections.

(9) Draw the projections of a cylinder 60 mm diameter and 75 mm long, lying on the ground withits ends inclined at 60° to VP.

(10) A pentagonal prism of side of base 25 mm and height 50 mm rests with one of its longer edges on the ground such that one of the rectangular faces containing the longer edge on which the prism rests is inclined at 30° to the HP and nearer to the observer. The axis of the prism is inclined at 40° to the VP. Draw the top and front views of the prism.

TUTORIAL-III

(1) Draw the projections of a cone of base diameter 50 mm and axis length 65 mm is placed with a generator parallel to and 15 mm in front of VP. Draw its projections when the axis is parallel to HP.

(2) A cone of base diameter 50 mm and axis length 65 mm is resting on HP on a point on the circumference of the base with its axis is inclined at 40° to VP and parallel to HP. Draw its projections.

(3) A pentagonal pyramid of base side 30 mm and axis length 65 mm is resting on HP on one of its base sides with its axis inclined at 45° to VP and parallel to HP. Draw its projections.

(4) A square pyramid of base side 30 mm and axis length 60 mm is resting on HP on one of its base corners with its axis is inclined at 40° to VP and parallel to HP. Draw its projections when the base sides containing the resting corners are equally inclined to HP.

(5) A tetrahedron of edge 55 mm is resting on VP on one of its edges with the face containing that edge being inclined at 35° to VP and perpendicular to HP. Draw its projections.

(6) A hexagonal prism, base 30 mm side and axis 70 mm long has an edge of the base parallel tothe HP and inclined at 45° to the VP. Its axis makes an angle of 60° with the HP. Draw its projections.

(1) A hexagonal pyramid of base side 30 mm and axis length 60 mm is resting on HP on one of its triangular faces with the top view of the axis inclined at 40° to VP. Draw its projections.

(8) A square pyramid of base side 30 mm and axis length 60 mm is resting on HP on one of its triangular faces with the axis inclined at 40° to VP. Draw its projections.

(9) Draw the top and front views of a hexagonal pyramid of base side 30 mm and height 60 mm. The pyramid stands on the ground on a corner of its base which is inclined at 40° to the HP and the axis in top view is inclined at 30° to VP.

(10) Draw the projections of a rectangular pyramid of base 25 x 40 mm and height of 50 mm when it lies with one of its triangular faces containing the longer edge of the base, on HP. This longer edge is inclined at 60° to VP in the top view and apex of the pyramid is away from VP.

TUTORIAL-IV

(1) A hexagonal pyramid of base side 30 mm and axis length 60 mm is resting on HP on one of its base corners with the sides containing the resting corner are equally inclined to HP. Draw its projections when the axis is inclined at 45° to VP and 35° to HP.

(2) Draw the projections of a rectangular pyramid of 25 mm x 40 mm side of base and 65 mm height which rests on one edge of the base on HP such that a longer triangular face containing that edge is perpendicular to HP and parallel to VP.

(3) A tetrahedron of 50 mm side rests with one of its edges on HP and inclined at 45° to VP. Thetriangular face containing that edge is inclined at 30° to HP. Draw the plan and elevation ofthe solid.

(4) Draw the projections of a cylinder of base 40 mm diameter and axis 60 mm long, rests with apoint of its base circle on HP such that the axis is making an angle of 30° with HP and its topview perpendicular to VP.

(5) A cone of base diameter 50 mm and axis length 60 mm is resting on HP on one of its generators with the plane containing the axis inclined at 40° to VP. Draw its projections.

(6) A cone of base diameter 40 mm and axis length 55 mm is resting on HP on a point on the circumference of the base with its axis inclined at 45° to HP. Draw its projection if the plane containing the axis is inclined at 35° to VP.

(7) A pentagonal pyramid of base side 30 mm and axis length 60 mm is resting on VP on one of its triangular faces with the front view of the axis making 40° with HP and the vertex pointing towards HP. Draw its projections.

(8) A square pyramid of base side 30 mm and axis length 60 mm is resting on HP on one of its base corners with the sides containing the resting corner are equally inclined to HP. Draw its projections when the axis is inclined at 45° to VP and 35° to HP.

(9) The axis of a square pyramid of side of base = 30 mm and height = 65 mm is inclined to VP at 40°. The axis in elevation makes 60° with .Y7 line. Show the projections of the pyramid when one of the base corners on VP and the base sides containing that corner are equally inclined to VP.

(10) Draw the projections of a cone, base 50 mm diameter and axis 65 mm long having one of its generators in the VP and inclined at 30° to the HP, the apex being in the HP)

TUTORIAL-V

(1) A cone of base diameter 50 mm and axis length 60 mm is resting on HP on a point on the circumference of the base with its axis inclined at 45° to VP. Draw its projections when the front view of the axis is inclined at 35° to HP.

(2) Two spheres of diameter 50 mm and 30 mm are resting on HP touching each other. Draw its projections when the line joining their centres in plan is inclined at 45° to VP.

(3) Three spheres of diameters 70 mm, 50 mm and 30 mm are resting on HP touching each other. Draw its projections when the line joining the centres of two bigger spheres is parallel to VP. The smallest sphere is placed in front of the other spheres.

(4) Four equal spheres of diameter 35 mm each are arranged in a pyramidal form such that eachsphere is in contact with the other three. Draw its projections when the line joining the centers f two spheres is parallel to VP.

(5) Draw the top and front views of a hexagonal prism of base side 30 mm and height 60 mm. The prism stands on the ground on a corner of its base which is inclined at 40° to the HP and the axis in top view is inclined at 30° to VP.

(6) A pentagonal pyramid or base side 30 mm, axis length 60 mm is resting on HP on one of its base sides with its axis inclined at 40° to HP and parallel to VP. Draw its projections.

(7) A hexagonal prism of base side 30 mm and axis length 60 mm is resting on HP on one of its rectangular faces with the top view of the axis inclined at 40° to VP. Draw its projections.

(8) A pentagonal pyramid of base side 30 mm and axis length 60 mm is resting on HP on one of its base corners with its bases inclined at 55° to HP and perpendicular to VP. Draw its projections when the base sides containing the resting corner are equally inclined to HP.

(9) A pentagonal prism of base side 30 mm, axis length 60 mm is resting on HP on one of its base sides, with the face containing the resting side being perpendicular to both HP and VP. Draw its projections.

(10) A pentagonal pyramid of side of base 25 mm and height 50 mm rests with one of its longer edges on the ground such that one of the triangular faces containing the longer edge on which the pyramid rests is inclined at 30° to the HP and nearer to the observer. The axis of the pyramid is inclined at 40° to the VP. Draw the top and front views of the prism.

TWO (2) & SIXTEEN (16) MARK QUESTIONS PART -A 1). A point A is above HP and behind VP. State the position its projections.2). What are apparent angles of inclination? PART -A3). Define trace of a line.4). Give three examples of solids of revolution. 5). A solid is kept with its axis parallel to both HP and VP. Which view will show the true shape of its end?6). State the purposes of sectioning of solids.7). What is meant by true shape of section?8). What is meant by development of surfaces?9). The ratio of isometric length to true length _______ 10). What is meant by Orthographic projection?11). Draw the symbols used to denote the first angle projection and third angle projection.12). A point is above HP and in front of VP. The top view of the point is ------xy and the front view is ------- xy.13). Define horizontal trace of a line.14). Define prism and pyramid.15). Give examples of regular polyhedral?16). What is meant by sectioning of object?17). What is the need for determining the true shape of section?18). State the practical applications of development of surfaces.19). What is the difference between isometric view and isometric projection?20). State the assumptions made in orthographic projection?

21). Differentiate first angle and third angle projection methods22). A point is situated in the first quadrant .It is ______________ HP and________ VP.23). A line is inclined to VP and parallel to HP. Which of the views will face true length?24). Define vertical trace of a line.25). When the axis of on object is perpendicular to VP .it is ___________to HP.26). How are section planes classified?27). State the methods of development.28). Define isometric axis.29). The shape of isometric projection of a circle is_______ 30). What are projections?31).What is octahedron & tetrahedron32). Give examples for polyhedra and solids of revolution.33) What is an octahedron and tetrahedron?34) Define the terms (a) prism (b) pyramid35) Define the term polyhedron.36) What is the solid of revolution? Give examples.37) How are cylinders and cones generated?38) Differentiate between right and oblique solids.39) The base of an oblique hexagonal prism is not a regular hexagon (True/false). Justify?40) The base of an oblique cylinder is not an ellipse. (True/false) . Justify?

41) When the axis of the solid is perpendicular to VP, the front view shows the true ___ and42) The prism is named after the configuration of its base (True/false). Justify?

43) When the solid is resting with its base on HP the top view shows the ___ and _______

44) When the axis of a solid is perpendicular to the HP, its ___ view reveals the true shape of the base

45) When the axis of a solid is perpendicular to HP, its relation with VP is (a) inclined (b) parallel (c) perpendicular.

46) When the axis of the solid is inclined to HP it may be parallel or perpendicular to VP (True/ false). Justify?

47) Sketch the projections of a cube of edge 25 mm resting on one of its square faces on HP. Two edges of the base make an angle of 30° with VP.

48) Sketch the plan of a cube when one of its three diagonals is vertical. 49) A hollow cylinder stands on HP with its axis inclined at 30° to HP. What is

the shape of the plan view of the base of the cylinder? Name the shape.

50) A right circular cone is kept with its axis perpendicular to VP and parallel to HP. What is the shape of the elevation view of the base of the cone? Name the curve. Circle.

51) An Octahedron has ____ faces, ____ edges and ___ corners. 52) Projection of a sphere is always a ___. Circle53) Describe the change of position method and change of reference line method with respect to the

projection of a solid.54) Sketch the projection of a cube of edge 30 mm resting on one of its edges on HP. Two faces are

equally inclined to HP and perpendicular to VP. [Refer Example 6.18, Fig. 6.25]55) A tetrahedron has ___ faces, ___ edges and ___ corners. 4,6,456) Sketch the projections of a cylinder of diameter of base 30 mm and axis length 50 mm resting on HP

on one of its generators with its axis parallel to both HP and VP. 57) When the axis of the solid is parallel to both HP and VP, _____ view reveals the true shape of the

base. 58) In a projection of a solid, when two lines representing the edges cross each other, one of them must

be invisible. (True/False). Justify?

59) A cube has ___ identical ___ surfaces. 60) The front, top and side view of a solid are circles of 40 mm diameter. Name the solid. The

solid is a sphere of diameter 40 mm.61) Sketch front and top views of a pentagonal pyramid with its base on VP, one base side parallel to HP. 62) What is meant by oblique solid?63) A cylinder is obtained by revolving a ___ about one of its longer edges, 64) A cone is obtained by revolving a ___. right

angle triangle65) A sphere is obtained by revolving a ___ . 66) The elevation and plan of a ___ will be squares, when the object is in its simplest position

without inclination68) A right circular cone standing vertical on HP has a circle of 60 mm diameter as its plan and a

triangle of 40 mm altitude as the elevation. What is the slant height of the cone? 69) State the number of triangular faces of the following solids.

(a) tetrahedron(b) pentagonal pyramid.

70) What is a truncated solid?When a regular solid, like a prism or pyramid, cut by a cutting plane inclined to its base and removing the upper portion of the solid, the bottom remaining portion is called as a truncated solid.

71) A pyramid has two ends (True/False) Justify?72) In an oblique prism, its ends are parallel to each other (True/False). Justify?

73). What is meant by a frustum of a solid? 74). What is meant by a truncated solid 75). What is meant by intersection of solids

PART - B11. One end P of a line PQ 55mm long is 35mm in front of VP and 25mm above HP. The line is inclined at 40 degrees to HP and 30 degrees to VP. Draw the projections of PQ and find its traces (16marks)12.A Pentagonal prism of base side 25mm and axis length 50mm rests on the HP on one of the base corners with the base edges containing it being equally inclined to the HP. The axis is inclined at 45 degrees to HP and the plane containing the axis is inclined at 30 degrees to VP. Draw the projections of the prism (16marks) 13.A Square prism of base side 30mm and axis length 60mm is resting on HP on one of its base sides with its axis inclined at 45 degrees to HP. The plane containing its axis is inclined at 35 degrees to VP. Draw its projections. (16marks)14.A Pentagonal pyramid of base side 40mm and axis length 75mm is resting on HP on its base with one of its base side parallel to VP. It is cut by a plane inclined at 35 degrees to HP and perpendicular to VP and is bisecting the axis. Draw its front view, sectional top view, and the true shape of the section. (16marks) 15.A Hexagonal prism of base side 30mm and axis length 60mm is resting on HP on one of its bases with two of the vertical faces perpendicular to VP. It is cut by a plane inclined at 50 degrees to HP and perpendicular to VP and passing through a point at a distance of 12mm front the top base. Draw its front view, sectional top view and true shape of the section. (16marks)16.A Hexagonal prism of base side 20mm and height 45mm is resting on one of its ends on the HP with two of its sides parallel to VP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to VP and inclined at 30 degrees to HP. The plane meets the axis at a distance of 20mm above the base .Draw the development of the lateral faces of the lower portion of the prism. (16marks)17. A Cylinder of diameter 40mm and height 50mm is resting vertically on one of its ends on the HP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to VP and inclined at 30 degrees to HP and bisects the axis of the cylinder .Draw the development of the lateral surface of the lower portion of the truncated cylinder (16marks)18. Draw the isometric view of a hexagonal prism of base side 15mm and height 35mm when it rests on one of its ends on HP with two of its base sides parallel to VP. (16marks) 19.Draw the front view, top view and right side view of the object. (16marks)20. A hexagonal prism side of base 30mm and axis length 60mm is resting on HP with a side of base perpendicular to VP. Its axis is inclined at 30 degrees to HP and the plane containing the axis is inclined at 45 degrees to VP. Draw the projections. (16marks)21. A line AB 70mm long has its end A 35mm above HP and 30mm in front of VP. The top view and front view has a length of 45mm and 60mm respectively. Draw its projections. (16marks) 22. A line AB 80mm long has its end A 20mm above HP and 25mm is front of VP. The line is inclined at 45 degrees to HP and 35 degrees to VP. Draw its projections.23.A square pyramid of base side 30mm and axis length 60mm is resting on HP on its base with one side of base inclined at 30 degrees to VP. It is cut by a plane inclined at 45 degrees to HP and perpendicular to VP and passes through the axis at a distance 25mm front the apex. Draw its front view, sectional top view and true shape of the section. (16marks) 24. A cylinder of base diameter 45mm and height 65mm rests on its base on HP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to VP and inclined at 30 degrees to HP and meets the axis at a distance of 30mm from base .Draw the front view, sectional top view, and true shape of the section. (16marks)25.Draw the development of the lower portion of a cylinder of diameter 50mm and the axis 70mm sectioned by a plane inclined at 40 degrees to HP and perpendicular to VP and bisecting the axis. (16marks) 26. A hexagonal prism of base side 30mm and axis length 60mm is resting on HP on its base with two of its vertical faces perpendicular to VP.It is cut by a plane inclined at 50 degrees to HP and 1r to VP and meets the axis of the prism at a distance of 10mm front the top end . Draw the development of the lateral surface of the prism. (16marks) 27. Draw the isometric view of a hexagonal pyramid of base side 30mm and axis length 60mm that is resting on its base with a side of base parallel to VP. (16marks) 28. Draw the front view, top view and right side view of the object. (16marks)

29. A hexagonal pyramid of side 30mm & altitude 60mm is resting on HP on its base with two of the base sides are perpendicular to VP. The pyramid is cut by a plane inclined at 30 degrees to HP & perpendicular to VP & is bisecting the axis. Draw the development of the remaining portion of the pyramid. (16marks)

30.A straight line AB, 80 mm long is kept such that it makes an angle of 45 degrees with HP & 30 degrees with VP. The other end A is 20 mm away from both planes & is in the first quadrant. Draw the projections of lines & determine its traces. (16marks) 31.One end A of line AB 75 mm long is 20mm above HP & 25 mm in front VP. Line is inclined at 30 degrees to HP & top view makes 45 degrees with VP. Draw the projections of the line & find the true inclinations with the vertical plane. (16marks) 32.A hexagonal prism of base side 30mm & axis length 60mm is resting on HP on one of its base sides with its axis inclined at 40 degrees to HP. The plane containing the axis is inclined at 30 degrees to VP. Draw projections of prism. (16marks) 33.A pentagonal pyramid of base side 30mm & axis length 60mm is resting on HP on one of its triangular faces with its axis inclined at 35 degrees to VP. Draw the projections (16marks)34.A pentagonal pyramid of base side 40mm & axis length 75mm is resting on HP on one of its base side parallel to VP. It is cut by a plane inclined at 35 degrees to HP & perpendicular to VP & is bisecting the axis. Draw its front view, sectional top view & the true shape of the section. (16marks) 35.A cylinder of base side 45mm & axis length 65mm is resting on HP on its base . A plane inclined at 30 degrees to HP & perpendicular to VP cuts it & it meets the axis at a distance 30mm from the base. Draw its front view, sectional top view & the true shape of the section. (16marks)36.Draw the isometric view of a vertical cylinder of base diameter 50 mm & axis length 60 mm. (16marks)

37.Draw the front view, top view & right side view of the given object. (16marks) 38. A hexagonal pyramid of base side 30mm & axis length 60mm is resting on HP on one of its base sides with its axis inclined at 40 degrees to HP. The plane containing the axis is inclined at 30 degrees to VP. Draw projections of pyramid.39. A pentagonal prism of base side 40mm & axis length 75mm is resting on HP on one of its base side parallel to VP. It is cut by a plane inclined at 35 degrees to HP & perpendicular to VP & is bisecting the axis. Draw its front view, sectional top view & the true shape of the section. (16marks) 40. Draw the isometric view of a hexagonal prism of base side 30mm and axis length 60mm that is resting on its base with a side of base parallel to VP. (16marks) 41. A Cylinder of diameter 50mm and height 60mm is resting vertically on one of its ends on the HP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to VP and inclined at 35 degrees to HP and bisects the axis of the cylinder .Draw the development of the lateral surface of the lower portion of the truncated cylinder (16marks)

42. One end P of a line PQ 65mm long is 25mm in front of VP and 35mm above HP. The line is inclined at 45 degrees to HP and 35 degrees to VP. Draw the projections of PQ and find its traces (16marks)43.A Pentagonal pyramidof base side 30mm and axis length 65mm rests on the HP on one of the base corners with the base edges containing it being equally inclined to the HP. The axis is inclined at 45 degrees to HP and the plane containing the axis is inclined at 30 degrees to VP. Draw the projections of the prism (16marks) 44.A Square prism of base side 35mm and axis length 65mm is resting on HP on one of its base sides with its axis inclined at 45 degrees to HP. The plane containing its axis is inclined at 30 degrees to VP. Draw its projections. (16marks)45.A Pentagonal prism of base side 40mm and axis length 75mm is resting on HP on its base with one of its base side parallel to VP. It is cut by a plane inclined at 35 degrees to HP and perpendicular to VP and is bisecting the axis. Draw its front view, sectional top view, and the true shape of the section. (16marks) 46.A Hexagonal pyramidm of base side 30mm and axis length 60mm is resting on HP on one of its bases with two of the vertical faces perpendicular to VP. It is cut by a plane inclined at 50 degrees to HP and perpendicular to VP and passing through a point at a distance of 12mm front the top base. Draw its front view, sectional top view and true shape of the section. (16marks)47.A Hexagonal prism of base side 20mm and height 45mm is resting on one of its ends on the HP with two of its sides parallel to VP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to VP and inclined at 30 degrees to HP. The plane meets the axis at a distance of 20mm above the base .Draw the development of the lateral faces of the lower portion of the prism. (16marks)48. A Cylinder of diameter 40mm and height 50mm is resting vertically on one of its ends on the HP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to VP and inclined at 30 degrees to HP and bisects

the axis of the cylinder .Draw the development of the lateral surface of the lower portion of the truncated cylinder (16marks)49. Draw the isometric view of a hexagonal pyramid of base side 15mm and height 35mm when it rests on one of its ends on HP with two of its base sides parallel to VP. (16marks) 50. A hexagonal prism side of base 30mm and axis length 60mm is resting on HP with a side of base perpendicular to VP. Its axis is inclined at 30 degrees to HP and the plane containing the axis is inclined at 45 degrees to VP. Draw the projections. (16marks)

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