Efita2007 update2011
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Transcript of Efita2007 update2011
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Royal Agricultural
College
Rural empowerment through access to
knowledge: a comparison of two projects on two
continents
With some reflections in 2011
Julian SwindellPrincipal lecturer
Royal Agricultural [email protected]
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Royal Agricultural
College
Knowledge access for the rural poor• The first UNMG is “… to eradicate
extreme poverty and hunger…”• Knowledge access is fundamental to
poverty alleviation• Paradigm shift possible through
knowledge acquisition:– Why are they poor?
>>– Why am I poor?
• The barrier of ignorance is immense• ICT may help overcome that barrier
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Royal Agricultural
College
The impact of ignorance
• What is my crop really worth?• What big are the waves?• How can I learn?• What jobs are there?• What’s wrong with my crop?• What’s wrong with my child?• What’s wrong with me?
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Royal Agricultural
College
Honduras-India (Pondicherry)
• 7.5 million– 53% BPL
• GDP $25 billion• $3,100 PPP• 80% literacy• 25/1000 IM• 69.3 years LE
• 1,130 million– 25% BPL
• GDP $4.2 trillion• $3,800 PPP• 61% literacy• 34/1000 IM• 68.6 years LE
Source: CIA World Fact Book, 2007
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Royal Agricultural
College
The “Honduran Project”
• “Methodologies for integrating data across geographical scales in a data-rich environment: examples from Honduras”
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• “Methodologies for integrating data across geographical scales in a data-rich environment: examples from Honduras”– Instigated and driven by an
international NGO, CIAT– Stakeholder participation invited
after the instigation– Stakeholders at lower level were
not really interested
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Royal Agricultural
College
Honduran stakeholders 1
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Royal Agricultural
College
Project outcomes
• Research papers• Final project report for funding
agency• Final project workshop in 2000• Funding ceased, the consultant
team dispersed• Honduran farmers carried on
much as before.
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Royal Agricultural
College
Village Knowledge Centres of Pondicherry• A local project instigated
within India by an Indianresearch foundation, MSSRF– Acquisition and sharing of
knowledge by rural villages– Use of ICT to empower the disadvantaged.
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Royal Agricultural
College
Local knowledge, local people 1
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Royal Agricultural
College
Comparison of the projects
• International instigation CIAT
• Significant project funding
• Top-down, institution/government led
• Participatory during the running of the project
• Outputs claimed by the consultants
• Finite timescale– 1997-2000
• Local instigation MSSRF
• Start up funding, plus user contribution
• Bottom up from what the villager needs
• Participatory from the outset. No participation, no VKC
• Outputs claimed by the villagers
• Open ended– 1997-continues
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Honduras Pondicherry
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Royal Agricultural
College
Which approach is best?
• International, top down, closed projects are unlikely to have clear, perceptible local impact outside of the project team
• Locally instigated projects aimed at establishing a local service can become embedded if adopted by the stakeholders
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Royal Agricultural
College
Recommendations
• Development funding should be channelled in two directions: – Developing localised NGOs which
instigate and support development in their own environment
– Developing international projects for knowledge transfer and coordination
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Royal Agricultural
College
Knowledge transfer• International knowledge transfer
may be the better realm for major international development funding
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Royal Agricultural
College
But things change…
• In the first decade of the 21st century.– Desk top computing was seen as
the target– Access to knowledge was seen as
access to managed data in a managed way
• In the second decade…
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Royal Agricultural
College
Mobility is the key word
• Mobile phones changed everything– Almost everyone who wants one
can get one– Mobile telephony has lead to
mobile computing– A modern smart phone can
access everything offered by the Village Knowledge Centres, and it sits in your pocket
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Royal Agricultural
College
Assam 2009- NE India
• No power or water• Mobile phones
common• Charged vi solar
panel
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Royal Agricultural
College
Nagaland 2010-NE India
• Some power• Mobile phones
universal• Charged via solar
panels and in shops• Facebook and email
very common
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Royal Agricultural
College
Summary
• Technology changes
• What is cutting edge will be ordinary
• Access to electricity is the major blockage
• Social networking and mobile ICT can bring more benefits to emerging economies than to developed economies
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Royal Agricultural
College
Organisation summary
• CIAT, Cali, Colombia– Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical
www.ciat.cgiar.org • MSSRF, Chennai, India
– M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation www.mssrf.org
• RAC, Cirencester, United Kingdom– Royal Agricultural College
www.rac.ac.uk• Contact
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