Effects of the Conquistadors. Spanish Settlements Hernan Cortes - captured the Aztec Empire...
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![Page 1: Effects of the Conquistadors. Spanish Settlements Hernan Cortes - captured the Aztec Empire Francisco Pizarro - captured the Inca Empire New Spain- Spain’s.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042717/56649cba5503460f94981500/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Effects of the Conquistadors
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Spanish Settlements
• Hernan Cortes- captured the Aztec Empire• Francisco Pizarro- captured
the Inca Empire• New Spain- Spain’s government
wanted to control migration to the Americas and create a Spanish Empire
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Spanish Empire
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Social Structure• These explorers convinced
people from Spain to come to the Americas and settleoSocial structure: • Peninsulares- Born in Spain• Creoles- Born in the New World to
Spanish parents• Mestizos- People born to Spanish and
Native American parents• Mulattoes- People born to Spanish and African parents
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Spanish Treatment of Native Americans and
Slaves• In 1650, the Spanish Empire was made up of 3-
4 million people- 80% were Native Americans• Forced Labor
o Encomienda System- a system which gave settlers the right to tax local Native Americans or to demand their labor in exchange for protecting them and converting them to Christianity
*****More often, the Spanish treated the Native Americans as slaves and were
cruel and abusive toward them****
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Plantations•Plantations- large farms that grew just one kind of cropoPlantations made a lot of money for the owner, but required a lot of labor which was done by Native Americans
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Diseases• Millions of Native Americans
died due to diseases they got from contact with the Europeans within years of the arrival of Columbus• Due to a decreasing population
of Natives, and therefore a decreasing labor force, the Spanish agreed to turn to slaves from West Africa for labor
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Middle Passage•The voyage across the Atlantic Ocean that brought slaves from Africa to the Americas
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Search for the Northwest Passage
•Northwest Passage- a non-existent water route through North America that would allow ships to sail from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean
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Search for the Northwest Passage
• Many Explorers tried looking for the Northwest Passageo English-sent John Cabot- he led England to the
Americaso French- sent Jacques Cartier- he claimed parts of
Canada for Franceo Dutch- sent Henry Hudson- landed in New York
(Hudson Bay/ Hudson River)o None of these explorers found a Northwest
Passage, however their explorations led to increased European interest in North America
o People began to have interest in creating colonies in North America