Effective participation by developing countries in the ... · Effective participation by developing...
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1 1 Effective participation by Effective participation by developing countries in the developing countries in the work of the ITU work of the ITU Dr Tim Kelly, ITU 6th Sub-regional telecom meeting for Cambodia, Lao PDR and Vietnam, Hanoi, 22-24 November 1999 Note: The views expressed in this presentation are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the ITU or its membership. Dr Tim Kelly can be contacted by e-mail at [email protected]. 2 Effective participation in the ITU Effective participation in the ITU Agenda Agenda l History l ITU structure, purposes and objectives l The three Sectors Radiocommunication (ITU-R) Telecommunication Standardization (ITU-T) Development (ITU-D) l How Study Groups work l Strategies for effective participation l Participating without being present
Transcript of Effective participation by developing countries in the ... · Effective participation by developing...
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Effective participation byEffective participation bydeveloping countries in thedeveloping countries in the
work of the ITUwork of the ITU
Dr Tim Kelly, ITU6th Sub-regional telecom
meeting for Cambodia,Lao PDR and Vietnam,
Hanoi, 22-24 November 1999
Note: The views expressed in this presentation are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the ITU or its membership. Dr Tim Kellycan be contacted by e-mail at [email protected].
2Effective participation in the ITUEffective participation in the ITU
AgendaAgendal Historyl ITU structure, purposes and objectivesl The three Sectorsð Radiocommunication (ITU-R)ð Telecommunication Standardization (ITU-T)ð Development (ITU-D)
l How Study Groups workl Strategies for effective participationl Participating without being present
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3Effective participation in the ITUEffective participation in the ITU
The ITU in briefThe ITU in briefl UN specialised agency, concerned with the
development of telecommunicationnetworks and services worldwide
l 134 years oldl 189 Member States; 575 Sector Membersl Around 700 staff, more than 70 nationalitiesl 2000 budget = 169m SFr (US$ 110m)l Secretary-General: Yoshio Utsumi (Japan)l Deputy Sec-General: Roberto Blois (Brazil)l Website: http://www.itu.int
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MembershipMembershipl Cambodia joined on 10 April 1952l Lao PDR joined on 3 April 1952l Vietnam joined on 24 September 1951
l Regional organisations which are ITUSector Members include:ð Asia-Pacific Broadcasting Union (ABU)ð Asia-Pacific Satellite Communications
Council (APSCC)ð Asia-Pacific Telecommunity (APT)
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ITU StructureITU StructurePlenipotentiary
Conference
CouncilWorld Conference on
Int’l Telecoms
World/Regional Radiocommunication
Conference (WRC) Radiocommunication
Assembly (RA)
Radio RegulationsBoard (RRB
AdvisoryGroup
StudyGroups
Radiocommunication
World Telecommunication
StandardizationAssembly (WTSA)
AdvisoryGroup
StudyGroups
Telecom Standardization
World/RegionalTelecommunication
Development Conference (WTDC)
AdvisoryGroup
StudyGroups
Development
Secretary-GeneralDeputy Secretary-General TELECOM
DirectorRadiocommunication
Bureau (BR)
Secretariat
DirectorTelecom Standardization
Bureau (TSB)
DirectorTelecom Development
Bureau (BDT)
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According to the InternationalAccording to the InternationalTelecommunication Constitution (Geneva,Telecommunication Constitution (Geneva,1992), the role of the ITU is:1992), the role of the ITU is:
l International co-operation intelecommunications
l To provide technical assistancel To promote technical developmentl To extend the benefits of telecomsl To promote telecoms for peaceful usel To harmonise national policiesl To promote telecoms in co-operation with
other national and regional bodies
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But what does the ITUBut what does the ITUactually do?actually do?
l Spectrum allocation and registrationl Co-ordination of national spectrum
planningl International telecoms standardizationl Collaboration in international tariff-settingl Co-operation in telecoms development
assistancel Measures for ensuring safety of lifel Policy reviews, information exchangel Extension of universal access
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International TreatiesInternational Treatiesl Constitution and Convention of the ITUð Two complementary treaties, containing
mainly housekeeping details but also somelongstanding international commitments(e.g., Common Carrier tradition)
ð Major update in 1992; minor updates in 1994& 1998
l International Telecom Regulationsð Thin (10 Articles) treaty concerning mainly
accounting practices. Last update 1988
l Radio Regulationsð Thick (>10’000 pages) treaty governing use of
radio spectrum. Updated every WRC.
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l World Telecom DevelopmentConference (Valletta, March 1998)
l Study Groupsl Valletta Action Planl Telecommunication Indicators
reports and databasesl Technical co-operationl Regional and area officesl Director: Hammadoun Touré (Mali)
ITU-D Study GroupsITU-D Study GroupsSG1: Telecom Development Strategies and Policies
11 study questions covering, interconnection, UniversalAccess/Service, introduction of new technologies, regulatory impact ofconvergence, investment, tariff policies, use of Internet, telecoms andsocio-cultural development, technology transfer, public sectorbroadcasting.
SG2: Development, harmonisation, management andmaintenance of telecom networks and services
7 study questions covering co-operation with ITU-T & ITU-R,communications for remote and rural areas, digital broadcasting,broadband communications, telemedicine, human resourcemanagement, preparation of handbooks.
………………………………….. also ……………………………..Regional and area officesGender Issues Task ForceWorkshops and seminars associated with six programmesof the Valletta Action Plan
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ITU-D priorities (Strategic plan)ITU-D priorities (Strategic plan)l Respond effectively to requests for
assistancel Develop and mobilise resourcesl Create partnership arrangementsl Promote partnership between public and
private sectorsl Strengthen the regional presencel Collaborate with private sector in
implementing the Valletta Action Planl Improve working methods
l World Radio Conferenceð Istanbul, May-June 2000
l ITU-R Recommendationsl Stewardship of radio frequency &
satellite orbitsð Radio Regulationsð Master International Frequency
Register
l Safety of life services (Maritime,Aeronautical etc)
l Director: Robert Jones (Canada)
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ITU-R Study GroupsITU-R Study GroupsSG1: Spectrum managementSG3: Radiowave propagationSG4: Fixed satellite serviceSG7: Science servicesSG8: Mobile, radiodetermination, amateur and related
satellite servicesSG9: Fixed serviceSG10: Broadcasting service (sound)SG11: Broadcasting service (television)………………………………….. also ……………………………..SC: Special Committee on Regulatory/Procedural mattersCCV: Coordination committee for vocabularyCPM: Conference Preparatory Meeting
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ITU-R in figuresITU-R in figuresl World Radio Conference (WRC) is the major
event, attracting >2’000 delegatesl 1997 WRC generated 8 million pages of
documentsl More than 1’500 technical specialists
participate in work of Study Groupsl Satellite co-ordinationð Advance publication (18 cases per week)ð Co-ordination (9 cases per week)ð Plan activities (5 cases per week)
l Terrestrial networks (>1’100 cases per week)
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l World Telecom StandardizationAssemblyð Canada, Sept.-Oct. 2000
l ITU-T Recommendationsl Stewardship of international
numbering planð Country Codesð Universal International Freephone
l Global Information Infrastructurel Director: Houlin Zhao (China)
ITU-T Study GroupsITU-T Study GroupsSG2: Network and service operationSG3: Tariff and accounting principlesSG4: TMN and network maintenanceSG5: Protection against electromagnetic effectsSG6: Outside plantSG7: Data networks and Open Systems communicationsSG8: Characteristics of telematic systemsSG9: TV and sound transmissionSG10: Languages and softwareSG11: Signalling requirements and protocolsSG12: End-to-end transmission performance of networksSG13: General network aspectsSG15: Transport networks, systems and equipmentSG16: Multimedia services and systems
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ITU-T in figuresITU-T in figuresl Several thousand participants in Study
Group (mainly technical experts)l 270 study group questions (dating from
Geneva WTSC, 1996)l Some 2’500 Recs in force (55’000 pages)l Approx. 245 Recs targeted for 1999l Average approval time: 9 months (min: 5)l Three top priorities:ð IP-based networksð IMT-2000 (3rd generation mobile systems)ð Accounting rate reform
l Plenipotentiary Conferencesð Minneapolis, 1998; Marrakech 2002
l World Telecommunication PolicyForumð Oct. 1996, GMPCSð March 1998, Trade in Telecom Services
l ITU Councill ITU Newsl Support services (e.g. IS, languages)l ITU TELECOM
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ITU Strategic Plan, 2000-03ITU Strategic Plan, 2000-03• Strengthen the multilateral foundations of
international telecommunications• Promote global access to the GII and
global participation in the GIS• Co-ordinate international action to manage
scarce telecommunication resources• Provide information enabling Member
States to draw maximum benefit fromtechnical, financial and regulatory change
• Improve ITU efficiency and effectiveness
New Telecom Indicators publicationsNew Telecom Indicators publicationsWorldTelecommunicationDevelopmentReport:Mobile cellular
Direction ofTraffic: TradingTelecom Minutes
Challenges to theNetwork: Internetfor development
Trends in TelecomReform:Convergence andRegulation
For more information: http://www.itu.int/ti
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How Study Groups workHow Study Groups workl World Conference/Assembly defines Study
Group questions, elects chairsð input from Members and Advisory Groups
l Study Group allocates tasks to WorkingParties, Focus Groups, rapporteursð Focus Groups permit accelerated workingð Drafting done primarily by electronic working
methods, using mailing lists, drop boxes etc
l Working Party prepares text for approvall Member States approve Recommendationð Accelerated approval, by correspondence, orð Approval at next World Conf/Assembly
An example: ITU-T Recommendation D.140An example: ITU-T Recommendation D.140(accounting and settlement rates)(accounting and settlement rates)
1993:ITU-T Recommendation D.140
approved at Helsinki WTSC
Recommendation set out principles of cost-orientation, non-discrimination and transparencyand negotiation mechanism (Annex C). BUT, noagreed definition of costs.
Sept. 1995:Annex A finalised. Approved
by accelerated procedure
Annex A added, setting out list of elements tobe considered as constituting costs. Datacollection starts (Annex B). BUT, no upper limiton costs.
July 1998:Annex D finalised. Approved
by accelerated procedure
Annex D sets out “transitional arrangementsto cost orientation” establishing an upperlimit of 1 SDR by December 1998. BUT,what next, after 1998?
March 1998: World Telecom Policy Forum establishes
Focus Group
Focus Group established to work ontransitional arrangements beyond 2000.Reported in Nov. 1998. BUT, SG3 unable toreach consensus in December 1998.
June 1999: Text of Annex E determined to be “stable”.
Accelerated approval.
SG3 finalised text of Annex E in July 1999.Sent to Member States for approval. SG3will formally meet in December to approve.BUT, will USA object?
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Participating effectively ...Participating effectively ...Motivation Examples of
meetings/events/strategiesDesire toinfluence ITUstrategy andmajor treaties
• Nominate candidates for elected position,RRB or Council
• Participate in Plenipotentiary, WRC• Participate in sectoral advisory groups (e.g.,
RAG, TSAG, TDAG)Influencetelecomssectorstrategies
• Nominate candidates for Study Groupchairs, vice-chairs, rapporteurs
• Participate in Study Groups, WorkingParties, Focus Groups
• Participate in regional eventsGain trainingand int’lexposure
• Nominate candidates for fellowships• Participate in TELECOM events• Participate in workshops, seminars
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Strategies for ...Strategies for ...
l Be selective: don’t try tocover everything
l Study the OperationalPlan for each sector toidentify priorities
l Use website and mailinglists to gatherinformation
l Use Geneva-basedmissions and requestbriefing sessions
l Work closely withregional and area offices
l Work out objectivesahead of attendingmeetings
l Select participantscarefully (givepreference toexperts!)
l Co-ordinate strategiesat national andespecially regionallevel
l Seek compromisesnot optimal outcomes
.. effective participation.. effective participation .. achieving results.. achieving results
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Participating without beingParticipating without beingpresent ...present ...
l Make full use of ITU publicationsð 80% discounts available for LDCsð Free subscriptions to electronic products for
telecom training centres
l Make full use of website for documentsð Request TIES (Telecom Information Exchange
Services) access to documentsð Identify focal points to receive & circulate
documents on specific topicsl Join and contribute to email listsl Follow Internet Broadcastsð Live or recorded (e.g., PP-98, Council, Telecom)
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