Effect of Chilling on Cucumber Postharvest Quality
Transcript of Effect of Chilling on Cucumber Postharvest Quality
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EFFECT OF CHILLING ON POSTHARVEST QUALITY OF
CUCUMBER
Postharvest 2012
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CUCUMBERCUCUMIS SATIVA
• Family: Cucurbitacaea(Cucurbit Family)
• Vining Habit
• Plasticulture
• Fresh Market and Canning
• Harvested immature
http://msue.anr.msu.edu/news/managing_plastic_mulches_profitably
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POSTHARVEST CONSIDERATIONS
Non-climacteric
Low respiration rates
Chilling Sensitive
Highly sensitive to ethylene
Can be held in CA conditions
Optimum Conditions: 10-12.5°C; 95% RH
UC Davis Postharvest Technology Department
http://postharvest.ucdavis.edu/pfvegetable/Cucumber/
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OBJECTIVES
(1)
Determine the effect of chilling temperatures on
cucumber respiration and ethylene production
(2)
Determine the effect of storage time at chilling
temperatures on cucumber quality
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MATERIALS AND METHODSEXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
• Split Plot Design
• Treatments:• 3 Temperatures (12°C, 7.5°C, and 5°C)
• 2 Storage Lengths (6 and 10 Days)
• 3 Replications• 1 fruit per replication
• Cultivar: ‘Dasher’
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TIME TABLE
Action Date
Harvest Oct -22 Monday
Begin Experiment Oct -23 Tuesday
Initial Respiration Oct –24 Wednesday
Respiration and Ethylene Reading
1
Oct –29 Monday (6 days)
Quality Ratings 1 Oct -30 Tuesday
Respiration and Ethylene Reading
2
Nov -2 Friday (10 days)
Quality Ratings 2 Nov -3 Saturday
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MATERIALS AND METHODSSAMPLE PREPARATION
1. Field harvested
2. Washed (100 ppm bleach solution)
3. 18 were sorted by size
4. Each group was weighed
5. 2 groups of 3 went into its respective temperature
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MATERIALS AND METHODSRESPIRATION AND ETHYLENE
1. Individual cucumber weighed and recorded
2. Placed into open jar
3. Jars moved to 20°C in the AM
4. Jars sealed at 6 and 10 hrs.
5. 1 measurement was taken from each jar
6. Gas was analyzed using a gas chromatograph
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Gas Measurement
Process1
32
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MATERIALS AND METHODSQUALITY ASSESSMENT
1. Samples held at 20°C for 24 hrs.
1. Weight was measured
2. Injury was assessed
3. Cucumbers Sliced for Interior Comparison
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% CO2 CO2 Rate (ml CO2/ kg-hr)
Ethylene Content(ppm)
Ethylene Rate (μl C2H4/kg-hr)
Both measured at 6 and 10 hours
after transfer
MATERIALS AND METHODSMEASUREMENTS
Objective 1
Respiration and Ethylene
Objective 2
Quality Assessment
Interior and Exterior Injury
Scale of 1-5(Mercer and Smittle 1992)
Cumulative Weight
Before and After
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MATERIALS AND METHODSANALYSIS
Analyzed using Two Way ANOVA
Means separated using Duncan's Multiple Range
Test
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RESULTS
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RESULTSRESPIRATION BY TEMPERATURE
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
5 7.5 12
Re
spira
tio
n R
ate
(m
l C
O2/
kg
-hr)
Temperature (°C )
ab
b
a
1
α=0.05
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RESULTSETHYLENE BY TEMPERATURE
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
5 7.5 12
Eth
yle
ne
Ra
te (
μl C
2H
4/k
g-h
r)
Temperature (°C )
a
b
b
α=0.05
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RESULTSRESPIRATION BY TIME
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
6 hours 10 hours
Re
spir
atio
n R
ate
(m
l C
O2/
kg
-hr)
Time After Transfer
b
aα=0.05
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RESULTSETHYLENE BY TIME
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
6 Hours 10 Hours
Eth
yle
ne
Ra
te (
μlC
2H
4/k
g-h
r)
Time after Transfer
a
a
α=0.05
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RESULTSQUALITY ASSESSMENT
Injury was
observed at
levels from 1-4
1 4
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RESULTSQUALITY ASSESSMENT- EXTERIOR
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RESULTSQUALITY ASSESSMENT- INTERIOR
No observable differences at any temperature
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CONCLUSIONS
Cucumbers held below 7.5°C will increase respiration
Cucumbers held at 5°C will exhibit much greater ethylene production
Cucumbers allowed to rest for >10 hours at 20°C will have greater respiration
Cucumbers held for 10 days at 5°C will result in poor exterior quality
Exposing cucumbers to chilling temperatures will increase weight loss
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CONCLUSIONSCONSUMER AND INDUSTRY
Cucumbers should be stored at about 12°C for optimum storage and quality
Continued exposure to chilling temperatures effects quality
Warmer temperatures may be detrimental to the fruit
Exterior quality does not necessarily dictate the interior quality
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Q U E S T I O N S O R S U G G E S T I O N S A R E W E L C O M E D
THANK YOU