EDUQAS Latin GCSE Component 2: Themed Literature Theme B ...€¦ · 16 Eduqas Latin GCSE: Youth...

EDUQAS

Latin GCSE

Component 2: Themed Literature

Theme B: Youth and Education

Student Study Book (without notes)

2 Eduqas Latin GCSE: Youth and Education

Eduqas Latin GCSE: Youth and Education

Theme B: Youth and Education


Picture 1 Stages in growing-up, illustrated on a sarcophagus.

Picture 2 School scene.

Picture 3 A boy orator.

Picture 4 Writing exercise on a wax tablet.

Picture 5 Letter on papyrus.


Notes


Petronius, Satyricon 46 - A pushy father Lines 1- 3

tū, Agamemnōn, prae litterīs fatuus es. aliquō diē tē persuādeamut ad vīllam nostram veniās? tibi discipulus crēscit fīlius meus: iamquattuor partēs dīcit; sī vīxerit, habēbis bonum discipulum.

1 tū, tuī - you (singular)Agamemnon, Agamemnonis, m. - Agamemnonprae - from, because oflittera, litterae, f. - literaturefatuus, fatua, fatuum - crazy, madsum, esse, fuī - bealiquī, aliqua, aliquod - some, anydiēs, diēī, m. - daytū, tuī - you (singular)persuādeō, persuādēre, persuāsī - persuade

2 ut - to, thatad - to, towardsvīlla, vīllae, f. - house, villanoster, nostra, nostrum - our, our ownveniō, venīre, vēnī - come

tū, tuī - you (singular)discipulus, discipulī, m. - pupilcrēscō, crēscere, crēvī, crētus - growfīlius, fīliī, m. - sonmeus, mea, meum - myiam - now, already

3 quattuor partēs - four times table (in arithmetic)

dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictus - say, recitesī - ifvīvō, vīvere, vīxī - live, survivehabeō, habēre, habuī, habitus - havebonus, bona, bonum - gooddiscipulus, discipulī, m. - pupil


Notes


Petronius, Satyricon 46 - A pushy father Lines 3 - 6 namquicquid illī vacat, caput dē tabulā nōn tollit. ingeniōsus est, etiamsī in avēs morbōsus est. ego illī trēs cardēlēs occidī et dīxi ‘mustellaeōs comēdit’. invenit tamen aliās nēniās et libentissimē pingit.

5

3 nam - for4 quisquis, quicquid - whoever, whatever

ille, illa, illud - he, she, itvacō, vacāre, vacāvī - (of time) is available,

is freecaput, capitis, n. - headdē - fromtabula, tabulae, f. - writing-tabletnōn - nottollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātus - lift, raiseingeniōsus, ingeniōsa, ingeniōsum - clever,

giftedsum, esse, fuī - beetiam - even

5 sī - ifin - inavis, avis, f. - birdmorbōsus, morbōsa, morbōsum - unnaturally

interestedsum, esse, fuī - be

ego, meī - I, I myselfille, illa, illud - he, she, ittrēs, tria - threecardēlis, cardēlis, f. - goldfinchoccīdō, occīdere, occīdī, occīsus - killet - anddīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictus - say, tellmustella, mustellae, f. - weasel

6 is, ea, id - he, she, it; this, thatcomedō, comēsse, comēdī, comēsus - eatinveniō, invenīre, invēnī, inventus - find,

discovertamen - nevertheless, yetalius, alia, aliud - other, differentnēnia, nēniae, f. - (in plural) fixations,

hobbieset - andlibenter - willingly, with pleasurepingō, pingere, pīnxī, pīctus - paint


Notes


Petronius, Satyricon 46 - A pushy father Lines 7 - 9

cēterum iam litterīs Graeculīs calcem impingit et Latīnās coepit nōnmale appetere. ēmī ergō puerō aliquot librōs rubrīcātōs, quia volōillum aliquid dē iūre gustāre. habet haec rēs pānem.

7 cēterum - for the rest, besidesiam - alreadylittera, litterae, f. - letter (of the alphabet)Graeculus, Graecula, Graeculum - Greekcalcem impingere - make a step, get stuck intoet - andLatīnus, Latīna, Latīnum - Latincoepī, coepisse - beginnōn - not

8 male - badlyappetō, appetere, appetīvī, appetītus - graspemō, emere, ēmī, ēmptus - buyergō - therefore, sopuer, puerī, m. - boy, son

aliquot - some, a number ofliber rubrīcātus, m. - legal book, book on lawquia - becausevolō, velle, voluī - want, wish

9 ille, illa, illud - he, she, it; thataliquis, aliquid - somethingdē - about, to do withiūs, iūris, n. - lawgustō, gustāre, gustāvī - tastehabeō, habēre, habuī, habitus - have,

providehic, haec, hoc - thisrēs, reī, f. - businesspānis, pānis, m. - bread, food


Notes


Petronius, Satyricon 46 - A pushy father Lines 9 - 13

sī nōluerit,dēstināvī illum artificium docēre – aut tonstrīnum aut praecōnem,aut certē causidicum – quod illī auferre possit nihil nisi Orcus. ideōillī cōtīdiē clāmō: ‘fīlī, crēde mihi, quicquid discis, tibi discis. litteraethēsaurus est, et artificium numquam moritur.’

10

9 sī - ifnōlō, nōlle, nōluī - not want, be unwilling

10 dēstinō, dēstināre, dēstināvī, dēstinātus - decide

ille, illa, illud - he, she, it; thatartificium, artificiī, n. - tradedoceō, docēre, docuī, doctus - teachaut ... aut - either ... ortonstrīnum, tonstrīnī, n. - a career as a

barberaut ... aut - either ... orpraecō, praecōnis, m. - auctioneer

11 aut - either, orcertē - at leastcausidicus, causidicī, m. - advocatequī, quae, quod - who, which, thatille, illa, illud - he, she, it; thatauferō, auferre, abstulī, ablātus - take awaypossum, posse, potuī - be able, cannihil - nothingnisi - except

Orcus, Orcī, m. - the god of the underworld, death

ideō - for that reason, therefore12 ille, illa, illud - he, she, it; that

cōtīdiē - every day, dailyclāmō, clāmāre, clāmāvī - shoutfīlius, fīliī, m. - soncrēdō, crēdere, crēdidī + dat. - believe, trustego, meī - I, mequisquis, quicquid - whoever, whateverdiscō, discere, didicī - learntū, tuī - you (singular)discō, discere, didicī - learnlittera, litterae, f. - literature

13 thēsaurus, thēsaurī, m. - treasuresum, esse, fuī - beet - andartificium, artificiī, n. - tradenumquam - nevermorior, morī, mortuus sum - die


Notes


Juvenal, Satire 7, lines 215-232 with omissions - Who would be a teacher? Lines 1 - 5

quis gremiō Celadī doctīque Palaemonis adfertquantum grammaticus meruit labor? et tamen ex hōc,quodcumque est (minus est autem quam rhētoris aera),discipulī custōs praemordet acoenonoētuset quī dispēnsat frangit sibi. 5

1 quis? quid? - who? which? what?gremium, gremiī, n. - pocketCeladus, Celadī, m. - Celadusdoctus, docta, doctum - well-educated, wisePalaemōn, Palaemonis, m. - Palaemonadferō, adferre, attulī, adlātus - bring

2 quantum - as much asgrammaticus, grammatica, grammaticum - of a

school teachermereō, merēre, meruī, meritus - deservelabor, labōris, m. - work, toilet - and, also, eventamen - nevertheless, yetex - from, out ofhic, haec, hoc - this

3 quīcumque, quaecumque, quodcumque - whateversum, esse, fuī - beminus - less

sum, esse, fuī - beautem - and indeedquam - how, thanrhētor, rhētoris, m. - a teacher of public

speaking, rhetoricianaes, aeris, n. - pay, wages

4 discipulus, discipulī, m. - pupilcustōs, custōdis, m. - guardian, attendantpraemordeō, praemordēre, praemorsī,

praemorsus - nibble awayacoenonoētus, acoenonoētī, m. - without

common sense, inconsiderate5 et - and

quī, quae, quod - who, whichdispēnsō, dispēnsāre, dispēnsāvī,

dispēnsātus - pay out frangō, frangere, frēgī, frāctus - break offsē - himself, herself, themselves


Notes



cēde, Palaemōn,dummodo nōn pereat totidem olfēcisse lucernāsquot stābant puerī, cum tōtus dēcolor essetFlaccus et haerēret nigrō fūlīgo Marōnī.

5

5 cēdō, cēdere, cessī, cessus - accept Palaemōn, Palaemonis, m. - Palaemon6 dummodo - so long as nōn - not pereō, perīre, periī, peritus - count for

nothing totidem ... quot - the same number ... as olfaciō, olfacere, olfēcī, olfactus - smell lucerna, lucernae, f. - oil lamp7 totidem ... quot - the same number ... as stō, stāre, stetī, status - stand, attend puer, puerī, m. - boy

cum - while tōtus, tōta, tōtum - whole dēcolor, dēcolōris - discoloured sum, esse, fuī - be8 Flaccus, Flaccī, m. - (the writings of) Flaccus

(= Horace) et - and haereō, haerēre, haesī, haesus - stick, cling niger, nigra, nigrum - black, blackened fūlīgō, fūlīginis, f. - soot Marō, Marōnis, m. - (the writings of) Maro

(= Virgil)


Notes



rāra tamen mercēs quae cognitiōne tribūnīnōn egeat. sed vōs saevās inpōnite lēgēs,ut praeceptōrī verbōrum rēgula cōnstet,ut legat historiās, auctōrēs nōverit omnēstamquam unguēs digitōsque suōs.

10

9 rārus, rāra, rārum - rare tamen - however mercēs, mercēdis, f. - pay, salary quī, quae, quod - who, which cognitiō, cognitiōnis, f. - investigation tribūnus, tribūnī, m. - tribune10 nōn - not egeō, egēre, eguī + abl. - need, require sed - but vōs - you (plural) saevus, saeva, saevum - harsh inpōnō, inpōnere, inposuī, inpositus - impose lēx, lēgis, f. - law11 ut - that, so that praeceptor, praeceptōris, m. - teacher,

instructor verbum, verbī, n. - word rēgula, rēgulae, f. - principle, rule cōnstō, cōnstāre, cōnstitī, cōnstātus - be

consistent12 ut - that, so that legō, legere, lēgī, lēctus - read historia, historiae, f. - history auctor, auctōris, m. - author nōvī, nōvisse - know omnis, omne - all, every13 tamquam - as well as unguis, unguis, m. - fingernail digitus, digitī, m. - finger suus, sua, suum - his, her, their own


Notes


Martial, Epigrams 11.39 - I’m not a child any more! Lines 1 - 4

cūnārum fuerās mōtor, Charidēme, meārumet puerī custōs assiduusque comes.

iam mihi nigrēscunt tōnsā sūdāria barbāet queritur labrīs pūncta puella meīs;

1 cūnae, cūnārum, f. pl. - cradlesum, esse, fuī - bemōtor, mōtōris, m. - mover, person who rocks

(a cradle)Charidēmus, Charidēmī, m. - Charidemusmeus, mea, meum - my

2 et - andpuer, puerī, m. - boyhoodcustōs, custōdis, m. - guardian, protectorassiduus, assidua, assiduum - constantcomes, comitis, m. - companion

3 iam - now

ego, meī - I, menigrēscō, nigrēscere, nigruī - become blacktondeō, tondēre, totondī, tōnsus - shavesūdārium, sūdāriī, n. - towelbarba, barbae, f. - beard

4 et - andqueror, querī, questus sum - complainlabrum, labrī, n. - lippungō, pungere, pupugī, pūnctus - prickpuella, puellae, f. - girl, girlfriendmeus, mea, meum - my


Notes



sed tibi nōn crēvī: tē noster vīlicus horret,tē dispēnsātor, tē domus ipsa pavet.

lūdere nec nōbīs nec tū permittis amāre;nīl mihi vīs et vīs cūncta licēre tibi.

5 sed - but; however, yettū, tuī - you (singular)nōn - notcrēscō, crēscere, crēvī, crētus - grow uptū, tuī - you (singular)noster, nostra, nostrum - ourvīlicus, vīlicī, m. - farm manager horreō, horrēre, horruī - tremble at

6 tū, tuī - you (singular)dispēnsātor, dispēnsātōris, m. - treasurertū, tuī - you (singular)domus, domūs, f. - houseipse, ipsa, ipsum - himself, herself, itselfpaveō, pavēre, pāvī - fear

7 lūdō, lūdere, lūsī, lūsus - play

nec - neithernōs - we, usnec - nortū, tuī - you (singular)permittō, permittere, permīsī, permissus -

allow, permitamō, amāre, amāvī, amātus - love

8 nīl - nothingego, meī - I, mevolō, velle, voluī - wantet - andvolō, velle, voluī - wantcūnctus, cūncta, cūnctum - all, everythinglicet, licēre, licuit - it is allowedtū, tuī - you (singular)

5


Notes



corripis, observās, quereris, suspīria dūcis,et vix ā ferulīs temperat īra tua.

sī Tyriōs sūmpsī cultūs ūnxīve capillōs,exclāmās ‘numquam fēcerat ista pater’;

10

9 corripiō, corripere, corripuī, correptus - scold, tell off

observō, observāre, observāvī, observātus - watch, spy

queror, querī, questus sum - complainsuspīrium, suspīriī, n. - sighdūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductus - draw out, heave

10 et - andvix - scarcely, with difficultyā - fromferula, ferulae, f. - whip, rod (for punishing

slaves or schoolboys)temperō, temperāre, temperāvī, temperātus -

restrain oneself, hold back

īra, īrae, f. - angertuus, tua, tuum - your (singular)

11 sī - ifTyrius, Tyria, Tyrium - of Tyre, Tyrian (referring to

the famous purple dye)sūmō, sūmere, sūmpsī, sūmptus - put oncultus, cultūs, m. - clothingunguō, unguere, ūnxī, ūnctus - anoint with oilcapillus, capillī, m. - hair

12 exclāmō, exclāmāre, exclāmāvī - exclaim, shoutnumquam - neverfaciō, facere, fēcī, factus - doiste, ista, istud - thatpater, patris, m. - father


Notes



et numerās nostrōs astrictā fronte trientēs, tamquam dē cellā sit cadus ille tuā.dēsine; nōn possum lībertum ferre Catōnem.

esse virum iam mē dīcet amīca tibi.

13 et - andnumerō, numerāre, numerāvī - countnoster, nostra, nostrum - ourastringō, astringere, astrīnxī, astrictus -

furrow frōns, frontis, f. - browtriēns, trientis, m. - drinking cup

14 tamquam - as ifdē - from, out ofcella, cellae, f. - cellarsum, esse, fuī - becadus, cadī, m. - large jar of wineille, illa, illud - thattuus, tua, tuum - your (singular)

15 dēsinō, dēsinere, dēsiī - cease, stopnōn - notpossum, posse, potuī - be able, canlībertus, lībertī, m. - freedmanferō, ferre, tulī, lātus - bearCato, Catōnis, m. - Cato (= M. Porcius Cato the

Elder, who was very serious and austere)16 sum, esse, fuī - be

vir, virī, m. - maniam - now, alreadyego, meī - I, medīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictus - say, tellamīca, amīcae, f. - girlfriend tū, tuī - you (singular)

15


Notes


Pliny, Letters 8.14 - The traditional Roman educationLines 1 - 5

erat autem antīquitus īnstitūtum, ut ā maiōribus nātū nōn auribusmodo vērum etiam oculīs discerēmus quae ipsī facerēmus ac pervicēs quāsdam minōribus trāderēmus. inde adulēscentulī statimcastrēnsibus stīpendiīs imbuēbantur ut imperāre pārendō, dūceredum sequuntur adsuēscerent;

1 sum, esse, fuī - beautem - butantīquitus - in former timesīnstitūtum, īnstitūtī, n. - custom, traditionut - that, so thatā - frommaiorēs nātū - eldersnōn modo ... vērum etiam - not only ... but

alsoauris, auris, f. - ear

2 nōn modo ... vērum etiam - not only ... but also

oculus, oculī, m. - eyediscō, discere, didicī - learnquī, quae, quod - who, whichipse, ipsa, ipsum - himself, herself, itselffaciō, facere, fēcī, factus - doac - andper - through, after

3 vicis, vicis, f. - changequīdam, quaedam, quoddam - some, certainminor, gen. minōris - youngertrādō, trādere, trādidī, trāditus - pass oninde - thenadulēscentulus, adulēscentulī, m. - young manstatim - immediately

4 castrēnsis, castrēnse - in military campstīpendia, stīpendiōrum, n. pl. - military serviceimbuō, imbuere, imbuī, imbūtus - instruct, trainut - so thatimperō, imperāre, imperāvī - order, commandpāreō, pārēre, pāruī - obeydūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductus - lead

5 dum - whilesequor, sequī, secūtus sum - followadsuēscō, adsuēscere, adsuēvī, adsuētus -

learn

5


Notes



eī quī honōrēs petitūrī erantadsistēbant cūriae foribus, et cōnsiliī pūblicī spectātōrēs antequam cōnsortēs erant. suus cuique parēns prō magistrō, aut cuiparēns nōn erat maximus quisque et vetustissimus prō parente.

5 is, ea, id - he, she, it; thatquī, quae, quod - who, whichhonor, honōris, m. - public honour, officepetō, petere, petīvī, petītus - seeksum, esse, fuī - be

6 adsistō, adsistere, adstitī - stand bycūria, cūriae, f. - Senate houseforēs, forium, f. pl. - doorset - andcōnsilium, cōnsiliī, n. - councilpūblicus, pūblica, pūblicum - publicspectātor, spectātōris, m. - spectator, observerante ... quam - before

7 ante ... quam - beforecōnsors, cōnsortis, m. - participantsum, esse, fuī - be

suus, sua, suum - his, her, their ownquisque, quaeque, quodque - eachparēns, parentis, m. - parent, fatherprō - as, acting asmagister, magistrī, m. - teacheraut - orquis, quid - anyone, someone

8 parēns, parentis, m. - parent, fathernōn - notsum, esse, fuī - bemaximus, maxima, maximum - very great, esteemedquisque, quidque - someoneet - andvetustus, vetusta, vetustum - seniorprō - acting asparēns, parentis, m. - parent, father

5


Notes



quae potestās referentibus, quod cēnsentibus iūs, quae vīsmagistrātibus, quae cēterīs lībertās, omnem dēnique senātōriummōrem – quod fīdissimum percipiendī genus – exemplīsdocēbantur.

10

9 quī, quae, quod - who, which potestās, potestātis, f. - ability, authority referō, referre, rettulī, relātus - propose a

motion quī, quae, quod - who, which cēnseō, cēnsēre, cēnsuī, cēnsus - vote iūs, iūris, n. - right quī, quae, quod - who, which vīs, f. - power10 magistrātus, magistrātūs, m. - magistrate,

public official quī, quae, quod - who, which cēterī, cēterae, cētera - the others, the rest

lībertās, lībertātis, f. - freedom omnis, omne - all dēnique - in short senātōrius, senātōria, senātōrium - of the

Senate11 mōs, mōris, m. - custom, practice quī, quae, quod - who, which fīdus, fīda, fīdum - reliable percipiō, percipere, percēpī, perceptus -

learn genus, generis, n. - method exemplum, exemplī, n. - example12 doceō, docēre, docuī, doctus - teach


Notes


Horace, Satires 1.6, lines 71-88 - Gratitude for a good educationLines 1 - 5

causa fuit pater hīs quī, macrō pauper agellō, nōluit in Flāvī lūdum mē mittere, magnī quō puerī magnīs ē centuriōnibus ortī, laevō suspēnsī loculōs tabulamque lacertō, ībant octōnōs referentēs Īdibus aeris: 5

1 causa, causae, f. - cause, reason sum, esse, fuī - be pater, patris, m. - father hic, haec, hoc - this quī, quae, quod - who, which, that macer, macra, macrum - meagre, poor, small pauper, pauperis, m. - poor man agellus, agellī, m. - farm2 nōlo, nōlle, nōluī - not want, refuse in - to, into Flāvius, Flāvī, m. - Flavius lūdus, lūdī, m. - school ego, meī - I, me mittō, mittere, mīsī, missus - send magnus, magna, magnum - great, important3 quō - (to) where puer, puerī, m. - boy, son magnus, magna, magnum - great, important

ē - from centuriō, centuriōnis, m. - commander of a

century, captain, centurion orior, orīrī, ortus sum - be born4 laevus, laeva, laevum - left suspendō, suspendere, suspendī, suspēnsus -

hang, dangle loculus, loculī, m. - bag or case for carrying

writing materials tabula, tabulae, f. - writing-tablet lacertus, lacertī, m. - shoulder, upper arm5 eō, īre, iī - go, walk, march octōnī, octōnae, octōna - eight, eight each referō, referre, rettulī, relātus - carry, bring, pay

an account Īdus, Īdūs, f. - the Ides (15th day of March, May,

July, October, 13th day of the other months) aes, aeris, n. - copper, bronze, money


Notes



sed puerum est ausus Rōmam portāre, docendum artēs quās doceat quīvīs eques atque senātor sēmet prōgnātōs. vestem servōsque sequentēs, in magnō ut populō, sī quis vīdisset, avītā ex rē praebērī sūmptūs mihi crēderet illōs. 10

6 sed - but, insteadpuer, puerī, m. - boy, sonaudeō, audēre, ausus sum - dare, ventureRōmam - to Romeportō, portāre, portāvī, portātus - take, bringdoceō, docēre, docuī, doctus - teach

7 ars, artis, f. - skill; (in a school) a subjectquī, quae, quod - who, which, thatdoceō, docēre, docuī, doctus - teachquīvīs, quaevīs, quodvīs - anyeques, equitis, m. - equestrian (person of

equestrian status)atque - and, and also senātor, senātōris, m. - member of the

Senate, Senator8 sē - himself, herself, itself, themselves (the

-met suffix adds emphasis)prōgnātus, prōgnāta, prōgnātum - child,

offspring

vestis, vestis, f. - clothing, clothesservus, servī, m. - slavesequor, sequī, secūtus sum - follow, attend

9 in - in, among magnus, magna, magnum - great, largeut - as, as is the waypopulus, populī, m. - people, populacesī - ifquis, quid - anyone, someonevideō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsus - see, observeavītus, avīta, avītum - ancestral

10 ex - from, byrēs, reī, f. - propertypraebeō, praebēre, praebuī, praebitus - offer,

give, provide, supplysūmptus, sūmptūs, m. - expenseego, meī - I, mecrēdō, crēdere, crēdidī - think, believeille, illa, illud - he, she, it; that


Notes



ipse mihi custōs incorruptissimus omnēs circum doctōrēs aderat. quid multa? pudīcum, quī prīmus virtūtis honōs, servāvit ab omnī nōn sōlum factō, vērum opprobriō quoque turpī;

11 ipse, ipsa, ipsum - he, she, it; himself, herself, itself

ego, meī - I, me custōs, custōdis, m. - guardian incorruptus, incorrupta, incorruptum - pure,

uncorrupted, incorruptible omnis, omne - all, every12 circum - around, about, among doctor, doctōris, m. - teacher adsum, adesse, adfuī - be near, be present,

be at hand quid multa? - why should I say more? pudīcus, pudīca, pudīcum - virtuous,

innocent13 quī, quae, quod - who, which, that prīmus, prīma, prīmum - first, foremost, most

important virtūs, virtūtis, f. - goodness, virtue,

excellence honōs, honoris, m. - honour, dignity servō, servāre, servāvī, servātus - preserve,

protect, keep ab - from omnis, omne - all, every14 nōn - not sōlum - only, merely factum, factī, n. - deed vērum - but opprobrium, opprobriī, n. - slander, insult quoque - also turpis, turpis, turpe - disgraceful,

dishonourable, shameful


Notes



nec timuit sibi nē vitiō quis verteret ōlim sī praecō parvās aut, ut fuit ipse, coāctor mercēdēs sequerer; neque ego essem questus: at hōc nunc laus illī dēbētur et ā mē grātia maior.

15

15 nec - nor, and not timeō, timēre, timuī - fear, be afraid sē - himself, herself, itself, themselves nē - that, lest vitiō vertere - find fault with, turn the blame

on quis, quid - anyone, someone vitiō vertere - find fault with, turn the blame

on ōlim - some day, sometime16 sī - if praecō, praecōnis, m. - auctioneer parvus, parva, parvum - little, small aut - or, or else ut - as sum, esse, fuī - be ipse, ipsa, ipsum - he, she, it; himself,

herself, itself

coāctor, coāctōris, m. - tax collector17 mercēs, mercēdis, f. - wages, salary sequor, sequī, secūtus sum - pursue, aim at neque - nor, and not ego, meī - I, me queror, querī, questus sum - complain,

protest at - but, yet, on the contrary hic, haec, hoc - this nunc - now18 laus, laudis, f. - praise ille, illa, illud - he, she, it; that dēbeō, dēbēre, dēbuī, dēbitus - owe et - and ā - from ego, meī - I, me grātia, grātiae, f. - gratitude maior, maior, maius - greater


Notes


Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria 7.1.42 - A tricky point of lawLines 1 - 4

‘is quī patrī prōditiōnis accūsātō nōn adfuerit, exhērēs sit: is quīprōditiōnis damnātus erit, cum advocātō in exilium abeat.

patrī prōditiōnis reō disertus fīlius adfuit, rūsticus nōn adfuit.damnātus abiit cum advocātō in exilium.

1 is, ea, id - he, she, itquī, quae, quod - who, whichpater, patris, m. - fatherprōditiō, prōditiōnis, f. - treasonaccūsō, accūsāre, accūsāvī, accūsātus -

accusenōn - notadsum, adesse, adfuī - be present, appear in

defenceexhērēs, exhērēdis - disinheritedsum, esse, fuī - beis, ea, id - he, she, itquī, quae, quod - who, which

2 prōditiō, prōditiōnis, f. - treasondamnō, damnāre, damnāvī, damnātus -

condemn, find guilty (of)cum - withadvocātus, advocātī, m. - legal advisorin - intoexilium, exiliī, n. - exileabeō, abīre, abiī/abīvī - go away

3 pater, patris, m. - fatherprōditiō, prōditiōnis, f. - treasonreus, reī, m. - defendant (against a charge),

accused partydisertus, diserta, disertum - eloquent, skilful

in speakingfīlius, fīliī, m. - sonadsum, adesse, adfuī - be present, appear in

defencerūsticus, rūstica, rūsticum - simple,

uneducatednōn - notadsum, adesse, adfuī - be present, appear in

defence4 damnō, damnāre, damnāvī, damnātus -

condemn, find guilty (of)abeō, abīre, abiī/abīvī - go awaycum - withadvocātus, advocātī, m. - legal advisorin - intoexilium, exiliī, n. - exile


Notes


Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria 7.1.42 - A tricky point of lawLines 4 - 7 rūsticus cum aliquidfortiter fēcisset, praemiī nōmine impetrāvit restitūtiōnem patris etfrātris. pater domum reversus intestātus dēcessit: petit rūsticuspartem bonōrum, ōrātor tōtum vindicat sibi.

4 rūsticus, rūstica, rūsticum - simple, uneducated

cum - when, since, because aliquis, aliquid - someone, something5 fortiter - bravely faciō, facere, fēcī, factus - do praemium, praemiī, n. - reward nōmen, nōminis, n. - name impetrō, impetrāre, impetrāvī, impetrātus -

obtain, gain restitūtiō, restitūtiōnis, f. - restoration,

reinstatement pater, patris, m. - father et - and6 frāter, frātris, m. - brother

pater, patris, m. - father domus, domūs, f. - home revertor, revertī, reversus sum - come back,

return intestātus, intestāta, intestātum - intestate,

without a will dēcēdō, dēcēdere, dēcessī, dēcessus - die petō, petere, petīvī, petītus - ask for, claim, seek rūsticus, rūstica, rūsticum - simple, uneducated7 pars, partis, f. - part bona, bonōrum, n. pl. - inheritance ōrātor, ōrātōris, m. - orator tōtus, tōta, tōtum, n. - whole vindicō, vindicāre, vindicāvī, vindicātus - claim sē - himself, herself, themselves

5


Notes


Seneca, De Beneficiis 5.5 - The debt we owe our parentsLines 1 - 2

ā parentibus ferē vincimur. nam tam diū illōs habēmus, quam diūiūdicāmus gravēs et quam diū beneficia illōrum nōn intellegimus.

1 ā - by parēns, parentis, m. - parent ferē - generally, usually, commonly vincō, vincere, vīcī, victus - outdo, surpass nam - for tam ... quam - as ... so diū - long ille, illa, illud - that, he, she habeō, habēre, habuī, habitus - have tam ... quam - as ... so diū - long

2 iūdicō, iūdicāre, iūdicāvī, iūdicātus - judge, consider

gravis, grave - harsh, severe et - and quam - so diū - long beneficium, beneficiī, n. - kindness, support ille, illa, illud - that, he, she nōn - not intellegō, intellegere, intellēxī, intellēctus -

understand, perceive


Notes


Seneca, De Beneficiis 5.5 - The debt we owe our parentsLines 3 - 7

cum iam aetās aliquid prūdentiae collēgit et appārēre coepit eōsamārī ā nōbīs dēbēre propter illa ipsa quae nōn amābantur –admonitiōnēs, sevēritātem et incōnsultae adulēscentiae dīligentemcustōdiam – nōbīs rapiuntur. paucōs ad vērum frūctum ā līberīspercipiendum perdūxit aetās; cēterī fīliōs onerī sēnsērunt.

5

3 cum - wheniam - now, at lastaetās, aetātis, f. - age, lifealiquis, aliquid - somethingprūdentia, prūdentiae, f. - wisdom, sensecolligō, colligere, collēgī, collēctus - gain,

acquireet - andappāreō, appārēre, appāruī, appāritus - be

evident, be clearcoepī, coepisse - beginis, ea, id - he, she, it

4 amō, amāre, amāvī, amātus - love ā - bynōs - we, usdēbeō, dēbēre, dēbuī, dēbitus - ought, shouldpropter - because ofille, illa, illud - thatipse, ipsa, ipsum - the same, the veryquī, quae, quod - who, whichnōn - notamō, amāre, amāvī, amātus - love

5 admonitiō, admonitiōnis, f. - rebuke, criticismsevēritās, sevēritātis, f. - sternness, strictness

et - andincōnsultus, incōnsulta, incōnsultum - rash,

heedless, inconsiderateadulēscentia, adulēscentiae, f. - youthdīligēns, dīligentis - careful, attentive

6 custōdia, custōdiae, f. - guard, supervisionnōs - we, usrapiō, rapere, rapuī, raptus - seize, take, snatch

awaypaucī, paucae, pauca - fewad - tovērus, vēra, vērum - true, realfrūctus, frūctūs, m. - reward, benefit, profitā - fromlīberī, līberōrum, m. pl. - children

7 percipiō, percipere, percēpī, perceptus - get, obtain

perdūcō, perdūcere, perdūxī, perductus - lead, bring

aetās, aetātis, f. - age, lifecēterī, cēterae, cētera - the others, the restfīlius, fīliī, m. - sononus, oneris, n. - load, burdensentiō, sentīre, sēnsī, sēnsus - feel, consider


Notes


Cicero, Pro Caelio 43 - Boys will be boysLines 1 - 3

multī et nostrā et patrum maiōrumque memoriā, summī hominēs etclārissimī cīvēs fuērunt, quōrum cum adulēscentiae cupiditātēsdēfervissent, eximiae virtūtēs firmātā iam aetāte exstitērunt.

1 multī, multae, multa - many et ... et - both ... and noster, nostra, nostrum - our et ... et - both ... and pater, patris, m. - father maiōrēs, māiōrum, m. pl.- ancestors,

grandfathers memoria, memoriae, f. - memory summus, summa, summum - great, important homō, hominis, m. - man et - and2 clārus, clāra, clārum - famous, distinguished cīvis, cīvis, m. - citizen sum, esse, fuī - be

quī, quae, quod - who, which cum - when adulēscentia, adulēscentiae, f. - youth cupiditās, cupiditātis, f. - passion3 dēfervēscō, dēfervēscere, dēfervi - cool down,

wear off eximius, eximia, eximium - outstanding,

excellent virtūs, virtūtis, f. - virtue firmō, firmāre, firmāvī, firmātus - establish, settle iam - now aetās, aetātis, f. - age exsistō, exsistere, exstitī, exstitus - stand out,

appear


Notes



exquibus nēminem mihi libet nōmināre; vōsmet vōbīscumrecordāminī. nōlō enim cuiusquam fortis atque illūstris virī nēminimum quidem errātum cum maximā laude coniungere.

3 ex - from, out of4 quī, quae, quod - who, which nēmō, nēminis, m. - no one, nobody mihi libet - I wish nōminō, nōmināre, nōmināvī, nōminātus -

name, mention vōs - you (plural) (the -met suffix adds

emphasis) cum - with5 recordor, recordārī, recordātus sum - recall,

remember nōlō, nōlle, nōluī - not want enim - for quisquam, quicquam - anyone

fortis, forte - brave atque - and illūstris, illūstre - famous, notable vir, virī, m. - man nē ... quidem - not even6 nē ... quidem - not even minimus, minima, minimum - smallest, least errātum, errātī, n. - error, blemish cum - with maximus, maxima, maximum - greatest laus, laudis, f. - glory, achievement coniungō, coniungere, coniūnxī, coniūnctus -

link, connect

5


Notes



quod sīfacere vellem, multī ā mē summī atque ōrnātissimī virīpraedicārentur, quōrum partim nimia lībertās in adulēscentiā,partim profūsa luxuriēs, magnitūdō aeris aliēnī, sūmptūs, libīdinēsnōminārentur, quae multīs posteā virtūtibus obtēcta adulēscentiae,quī vellet, excūsātiōne dēfenderet.

6 quod sī - but if7 faciō, facere, fēcī, factus - do

volō, velle, voluī - wantmultī, multae, multa - manyā - byego, meī - I, mesummus, summa, summum - great,

importantatque - andōrnātus, ōrnāta, ōrnātum - distinguishedvir, virī, m. - man

8 praedicō, praedicāre, praedicāvī, praedicātus - make known, name

quī, quae, quod - who, whichpartim ... partim - some ... somenimius, nimia, nimium - too muchlībertās, lībertātis, f. - freedom, liberty,

licentiousnessin - in, onadulēscentia, adulēscentiae, f. - youth

9 partim ... partim - some ... some

profūsus, profūsa, profūsum - excessive, unrestrained

luxuriēs, luxuriēī, f. - luxury, extravagancemagnitūdō, magnitūdinis, f. - magnitude,

great sizeaes aliēnum, n. - debtsūmptus, sūmptūs, m. - expenditurelibīdō, libīdinis, f. - pleasure, lust

10 nōminō, nōmināre, nōmināvī, nōminātus - name, mention

quī, quae, quod - who, whichmultī, multae, multa - manyposteā - afterwardsvirtūs, virtūtis, f. - virtueobtegō, obtegere, obtēxī, obtēctus - hideadulēscentia, adulēscentiae, f. - youth

11 quī, quae, quod - who, whichvolō, velle, voluī - wantexcūsātiō, excūsātiōnis, f. - excusedēfendō, dēfendere, dēfendī, dēfēnsus -

defend

10


Notes


Virgil, Aeneid 6, lines 860-886 - MarcellusLines 1 - 3

atque hīc Aenēās (ūnā namque īre vidēbatēgregium fōrmā iuvenem et fulgentibus armīs,sed frōns laeta parum et dēiectō lūmina vultū)

1 atque - andhīc - here, at this pointAenēās, Aenēae, m. - Aeneasūnā - togethernam - foreō, īre, iī - go, walkvideō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsus - see

2 ēgregius, ēgregia, ēgregium - outstandingfōrma, fōrmae, f. - beauty, looks, physiqueiuvenis, iuvenis, m. - young man, youthet - and

fulgeō, fulgēre, fulsī - shinearma, armōrum, n. pl. - arms, weapons

3 sed - butfrōns, frontis, f. - forehead, expressionlaetus, laeta, laetum - happyparum - too little, not veryet - anddēiciō, dēicere, dēiēcī, dēiectus - cast downlūmen, lūminis, n. - eyevultus, vultūs, m. - face, expression


Notes



‘quis, pater, ille, virum quī sīc comitātur euntem?fīlius, anne aliquis magnā dē stirpe nepōtum?quī strepitus circā comitum! quantum īnstar in ipsō!sed nox ātra caput trīstī circumvolat umbrā.’

4 quis? quid? - who? which? what? pater, patris, m. - father ille, illa, illud - that, he, she vir, virī, m. - man quī, quae, quod - who, which sīc - thus, in this way comitor, comitārī, comitātus sum -

accompany eō, īre, iī - go, walk5 fīlius, fīliī, m. - son anne - or aliquis, aliquid - someone, one magnus, magna, magnum - great dē - from stirps, stirpis, f. - family, line nepōs, nepōtis, m. - descendant

6 quī, quae, quod - who, which, what strepitus, strepitūs, m. - chatter circā - around comes, comitis, m. - companion quantus, quanta, quantum - how great īnstar - appearance in - in, on ipse, ipsa, ipsum - himself, herself, itself7 sed - but nox, noctis, f. - night, darkness āter, ātra, ātrum - black caput, capitis, n. - head trīstis, trīste - sad circumvolō, circumvolāre, circumvolāvī,

circumvolātus - fly around, surround umbra, umbrae, f. - shadow, shade

5


Notes



tum pater Anchīsēs lacrimīs ingressus obortīs:‘ō gnāte, ingentem lūctum nē quaere tuōrum;ostendent terrīs hunc tantum fāta nec ultrāesse sinent. nimium vōbīs Rōmāna propāgōvīsa potēns, superī, propria haec sī dōna fuissent.

10

8 tum - thenpater, patris, m. - fatherAnchīsēs, Anchīsae, m. - Anchises (father of

Aeneas)lacrima, lacrimae, f. - tearingredior, ingredī, ingressus sum - beginoborior, oborīrī, obortus sum - spring up, well

up9 ō - O!

gnātus, gnātī, m. - son, childingēns, gen. ingentis - hugelūctus, lūctūs, m. - grief, tragedynē - notquaerō, quaerere, quaesīvī, quaesītus - ask

abouttuī, tuōrum - your men, your descendants

10 ostendō, ostendere, ostendī, ostentus - showterra, terrae, f. - worldhic, haec, hoc - this, he, she, it

tantum - onlyfātum, fātī, n. - fatenec - and notultrā - more, longer

11 sum, esse, fuī - be sinō, sinere, sīvī, situs - let, allownimium - excessively, toovōs - you (plural)Rōmānus, Rōmāna, Rōmānum - Romanpropāgō, propāginis, f. - race

12 videor, vidērī, vīsus sum - seempotēns, gen. potentis - powerful superī, superōrum, m. pl. - godsproprius, propria, proprium - lasting,

permanenthic, haec, hoc - thissī - ifdōnum, dōnī, n. - present, giftsum, esse, fuī - be


Notes



quantōs ille virum magnam Māvortis ad urbemcampus aget gemitūs! vel quae, Tiberīne, vidēbisfūnera, cum tumulum praeterlābēre recentem!nec puer Īliacā quisquam dē gente Latīnōsin tantum spē tollet avōs, nec Rōmula quondamūllō sē tantum tellūs iactābit alumnō.

13 quantus, quanta, quantum - how big, how great

ille, illa, illud - that, he, shevir, virī, m. - manmagnus, magna, magnum - big, greatcampus Māvortis, m. - the Campus Martius,

the field of Mars (public area in Rome used as military exercise ground)

ad - to, aturbs, urbis, f. - city

14 campus Māvortis, m. - the Campus Martius, the field of Mars (public area in Rome used as military exercise ground)

agō, agere, ēgī, āctus - bring (forth)gemitus, gemitūs, m. - groanvel - indeedquī, quae, quod - who, which, whatTiberīnus, Tiberīna, Tiberīnum - river Tibervideō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsus - see

15 fūnus, fūneris, n. - funeral ritecum - whentumulus, tumulī, m. - tombpraeterlābor, praeterlābī, praeterlāpsus sum

- glide past

recēns, gen. recentis - fresh, recent16 nec - neither

puer, puerī, m. - young manĪliacus, Īliaca, Īliacum - Trojanquisquam, quicquam - anydē - from gēns, gentis, f. - family, tribe, raceLatīnus, Latīna, Latīnum - Latin, of the Latini

17 in - intantum - so muchspēs, spēī, f. - hopetollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātus - raise, liftavus, avī, m. - ancestornec - norRōmulus, Rōmula, Rōmulum - of Romulusquondam - one day, in time to come, ever

18 ūllus, ūlla, ūllum - anysē iactāre - to speak boastfully of oneself, to

boasttantum - so much, to such an extenttellūs, tellūris, f. - landsē iactāre - to speak boastfully of oneself, to

boastalumnus, alumnī, m. - offspring

15


Notes



heu pietās, heu prīsca fidēs invictaque bellōdextera! nōn illī sē quisquam impūne tulissetobvius armātō, seu cum pedes īret in hostemseu spūmantis equī foderet calcāribus armōs.

19 heu - alas! alas for! pietās, pietātis, f. - duty, piety heu - alas! alas for! prīscus, prīsca, prīscum - ancient fidēs, fidēī, f. - faith, honour invictus, invicta, invictum - undefeated,

invincible bellum, bellī, n. - war20 dextera, dexterae, f. - right hand nōn - not ille, illa, illud - that, he, she sē obvius ferre - to carry oneself against, go

up against, confront quisquam, quidquam - anyone, anything impūne - with impunity, safely, unharmed sē obvius ferre - to carry oneself against, go

up against, confront21 sē obvius ferre - to carry oneself against, go up

against, confront armātus, armāta, armātum - armed seu ... seu - whether ... or cum - when pedes, peditis, m. - foot-soldier eō, īre, iī - go in - into, against hostis, hostis, m. - enemy22 seu ... seu - whether ... or spūmō, spūmāre, spūmāvī, spūmātus - foam equus, equī, m. - horse fodiō, fodere, fōdī, fossus - stab, dig into calcar, calcāris, n. - spur armus, armī, m. - forequarter (of an animal), side

20


Notes



heu, miserande puer, sī quā fāta aspera rumpās,tū Marcellus eris. manibus date līlia plēnīspurpureōs spargam flōrēs animamque nepōtishīs saltem accumulem dōnīs, et fungar inānīmūnere.’ sīc tōtā passim regiōne vagantur.

23 heu - oh! alas! miserandus, miseranda, miserandum - pitiable,

unfortunate puer, puerī, m. - boy, young man sī - if, if only quā - in any way, somehow fātum, fātī, n. - fate, death asper, aspera, asperum - harsh, cruel rumpō, rumpere, rūpī, ruptus - shatter, burst, break

(free)24 tū, tuī - you (singular) Marcellus, Marcellī, m. - Marcellus sum, esse, fuī - be manus, manūs, f. - hand dō, dare, dedī, datus - give līlium, līliī, n. - lily plēnus, plēna, plēnum - full25 purpureus, purpurea, purpureum - purple, brilliant

spargō, spargere, sparsī, sparsus - scatter, spread flōs, flōris, m. - flower anima, animae, f. - spirit nepōs, nepōtis, m. - descendant26 hic, haec, hoc - this saltem - at least accumulō, accumulāre, accumulāvī, accumulātus -

heap up (for), honour dōnum, dōnī, n. - present, gift et - and, also, even fungor, fungī, fūnctus sum + abl. - perform inānis, inānis, ināne - useless, vain, thankless27 mūnus, mūneris, n. - duty sīc - so, thus, in this way tōtus, tōta, tōtum - whole passim - far and wide regiō, regiōnis, f. - region vagor, vagārī, vagātus sum - wander, roam

25


Notes


Apuleius, Floridia 20.4 - The three phases of educationLines 1 - 3

sapientis virī super mēnsam celebre dictum est: ‘prīma crēterraad sitim pertinet, secunda ad hilaritātem, tertia ad voluptātem,quārta ad īnsāniam.’

1 sapiēns, gen. sapientis - wisevir, virī, m. - mansuper - over, atmēnsa, mēnsae, f. - dinnerceleber, celebris, celebre - famousdictum, dictī, n. - sayingsum, esse, fuī - beprīmus, prīma, prīmum - firstcrēterra, crēterrae, f. - cup, bowl for wine

2 ad - tositis, sitis, f. - thirst

pertinēre ad - to lead to, take care ofsecundus, secunda, secundum - secondpertinēre ad - to lead to, take care ofhilaritās, hilaritātis, f. - good humourtertius, tertia, tertium - thirdpertinēre ad - to lead to, take care ofvoluptās, voluptātis, f. - passion

3 quārtus, quārta, quārtum - fourthpertinēre ad - to lead to, take care ofīnsānia, īnsāniae, f. - madness


Notes


Apuleius, Floridia 20.4 - The three phases of educationLines 3 - 6

vērum enimvērō Mūsārum crēterra versāvice, quantō crēbrior quantōque merācior, tantō propior ad animīsānitātem. prīma crēterra litterātōris rudīmentō eximit, secundagrammaticī doctrīnā īnstruit, tertia rhētoris ēloquentiā armat.

3 vērum - butenimvērō - in factMūsa, Mūsae, f. - Musecrēterra, crēterrae, f. - cupversā vice - in turn, on the other hand

4 versā vice - in turn, on the other handquantō ... tantō - by how much ... by that muchcrēber, crēbra, crēbrum - frequent, oftenquantō ... tantō - by how much ... by that muchmerācus, merāca, merācum - undiluted, strongsum, esse, fuī - bequantō ... tantō - by how much ... by that muchpropior, propius - nearer, closerad - toanimus, animī, m. - mind

5 sānitās, sānitātis, f. - health, soundnessprīmus, prīma, prīmum - first

crēterra, crēterrae, f. - cup, bowl for winelitterātor, litterātōris, m. - reading and writing

teacherrudīmentum, rudīmentī, n. - first lesson, the

basics eximō, eximere, exēmī, exēmptus - take beyondsecundus, secunda, secundum - second

6 grammaticus, grammaticī, m. - grammarian, grammar teacher

doctrīna, doctrīnae, f. - learningīnstruō, īnstruere, īnstrūxī, īnstrūctus - provide,

equiptertius, tertia, tertium - thirdrhētor, rhētoris, m. - teacher of public speaking,

rhetorēloquentia, ēloquentiae, f. - eloquencearmō, armāre, armāvī, armātus - equip, arm

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Notes

EDUQAS Latin GCSE Component 2: Themed Literature Theme B ...€¦ · 16 Eduqas Latin GCSE: Youth...

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