Educational Reforms

8/2/2019 Educational Reforms

1/11

Education Reforms


2/11

Definition and Background

Education reform is the process of improving public education .

Small improvements in education theoretically have large socialreturns, in health, wealth and well-being.

Historically, reforms have taken different forms because themotivations of reformers have differed. A continuing motivation hasbeen to reduce cost to students and society.

From the ancient times until the 1800's, one goal was to reducethe expense of a classical education. Ideally, classical education isundertaken with a highly-educated full-time (extremely expensive)personal tutor.

This was available only to the most wealthy. Encyclopedias , publiclibraries and grammar schools are examples of innovationsintended to lower the cost of a classical education.


3/11

Education reforms in 19th century

Before the advent of government-funded public schools, the primary mode of

education for those of the lower classes was the charity school, pioneeredduring the 19th century by Protestant organizations and adapted for use bythe governmental bodies.

These schools operated on very small budgets and attempted to serve as manyneedy children as possible.

The history of education in the Indian subcontinent began with teaching oftraditional elements such as Indian religions, Indian mathematics, Indian logic.

British rule during the 19th century did not take adequate measures to helpdevelop science and technology in India and instead focused more on arts andhumanities. By the late 19th century India had lagged behind in science and

technology and related education.


4/11

Education reforms Post independence

There were only 20 universities and 500 colleges in the Indian subcontinent

(including Bangladesh and Pakistan) in 1947, the year of Indian independence.Now there are about 376 universities and 17,700 colleges in India only, manywith world class physical infrastructure.

To begin with!It has to start from gross root level that is from primary level, have to avoid

dropouts.What to be done from secondary educationBringing the gap closer between world of work and world of knowledge.

Changes in universitiesAccording to an survey we have around 240 universities with 9000 colleges

and around 35%-40% are viable, and remaining of them mostly get asubstandard education in most ill-equipped colleges.

Education and its financeA determined and maximum efforts has to be made if one needs to achieve thetarget of 6% of the GDP on education


5/11

Change in examination systemThis process must cease to be a mechanical exercise and also an fault findingprocess.

The training of teachers from gross root to higher levels should be seriouslyconsidered for a meaningful reformation

Independent body to govern education

It is absolutely necessary to formulate an independent or autonomous body likeJudiciary or election commission etc.


6/11

Education Issues & Reforms(Present Day)

Now India is the second fastest growing in the world and third largesteconomy in Asia with huge budget in so-called education and research. But wedo not have any world class scientist (who has a slightest chance to get NobelPrize in science) in India Although our primary and secondary educationsystem, the backbone of our country, is in a pathetic shape.

Large % of students who cannot reach the level of graduation.we only produce private tuition and coaching enabled, mugging-up gradetechnicians who are great to do routine jobs

Quality of Indian science education and research is going down at analarming rate since independence, despite of huge increase in funding.


7/11

Reforms"Education should have a threefold objective

for the sake of imparting knowledgefor self-employment and for employmentIn India our education system is concentrating mostly on passing oninformation while employability of the students is a distant objective."

Mr. Kapil Sibal

1.) We need to invest much more and have an intensive and proper supervisionof primary and high school education than wrongly focusing on higher educationand research at the top level

2.) Reforms suggest learning Hindi by all and moots for abolition of X th

standard Board Examinations.3.) Efforts to have a single board exam in standard 12 across the country

4.) Law to set up an autonomous, independent agency for assessment andaccreditation in higher education


8/11


9/11


10/11

1.) Change in Traditional Teaching methods More practical approach

2.) Evaluating system

3.) Dedicated Placement cell

4.) Computer Labs

5.)Focus on Self Confidence and Communication skills Personal Development


11/11

Thank you

Educational Reforms

Documents

Transcript of Educational Reforms