Education and needs:Education and needs:against novelty in mentalityagainst novelty in mentality

Professor Alexandru Jivan, PhD.Professor Alexandru Jivan, PhD.

West University of TimisoaraWest University of Timisoara Faculty of Economics and Faculty of Economics and Business AdBusiness Administrationministration

Main BibliographyMain Bibliography

Jivan, Alexandru (2000), “The Romanian’s Orthodox Conception of Life in Jivan, Alexandru (2000), “The Romanian’s Orthodox Conception of Life in Confrontation with Occidental Mercantilism”, Confrontation with Occidental Mercantilism”, Scientific and Technical Bulletin, Scientific and Technical Bulletin, Series: Economic Sciences & SociologySeries: Economic Sciences & Sociology, „Aurel Vlaicu” University of Arad, No. , „Aurel Vlaicu” University of Arad, No. 2, pp. 52.2, pp. 52.

Jivan, Alexandre (2003)Jivan, Alexandre (2003), , “Ideology and Moral in Globalization”“Ideology and Moral in Globalization”, , atat International International Symposium Economic System of European Union and Accesison of the Republic Symposium Economic System of European Union and Accesison of the Republic of Croatiaof Croatia, Opatija, 10th May, 2003, Opatija, 10th May, 2003

Jivan, Alexandru, “Responsabilizing and Servicity”, Proceedings of the 3Jivan, Alexandru, “Responsabilizing and Servicity”, Proceedings of the 3rdrd International Conference International Conference Economy and Transformation ManagementEconomy and Transformation Management, Université , Université d’Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, France, University of the West, Timişoara, d’Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, France, University of the West, Timişoara, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Jean Monnet European Centre of Excellence, The Faculty of Economic Sciences, Jean Monnet European Centre of Excellence, The School of High Comparative European Studies (SISEC), Timişoara, Romania, School of High Comparative European Studies (SISEC), Timişoara, Romania, May 5-6, 2006May 5-6, 2006

Jivan, Alexandru, “Completions to Marshallian Out-Look, Consistent with Jivan, Alexandru, “Completions to Marshallian Out-Look, Consistent with Knowledge Based Economy”, Knowledge Based Economy”, Timişoara Journal of Economics (TJE)Timişoara Journal of Economics (TJE), Vol. 4 Issue , Vol. 4 Issue 1(13), 20111(13), 2011

IntroductionIntroduction

ObjectiveObjective Grounds and Methodology:Grounds and Methodology: Human NeedsHuman Needs Genuine Liberalist SpiritGenuine Liberalist Spirit Educational Principles (Educational Principles (vsvs.. System) System) Knowledge Society DesignKnowledge Society Design Sustainable Development RequirementsSustainable Development Requirements Actual life: Globalization, Crisis, Market principlesActual life: Globalization, Crisis, Market principles

Main ResultMain Result: : a three levels of time horizons approacha three levels of time horizons approach

Key words: Key words: economic growth, European liberalist economic growth, European liberalist principles, human needsprinciples, human needs

Reviewing human needs (1) Abraham Maslow’s well-known model (next slide)

individualistic approach what criteria ? Studies were on monkeys (primates) and on

psychologically ill people: meaningful results (putting sex on the same level of importance with water and food, or putting love on a place less important than sex )

Our criterion of review: applying a new set principles (knowledge society and the other grounds).

Reviewing human needs (2)

Reviewing human needs (3) animal-people: homo oeconomicus personality, skills, abilities, knowledge vs.

sensibility, religion and social trends and habits

the nowadays “economic moral” :

nothing is said anymore about principles, human values (superior values) etc.; they look like forbidden for nowadays human beings.

Reviewing human needs (4)

Possible criterion of settings the steps in the hierarchy: the degree of satisfaction of a need

(food missing can generate a main need):

like in the scale of utility/prices of Menger

Missing (but should be concerned in a human needs model):- Capability approach of Amartya Sen- Health- safety

Reviewing human needs (5)

Other famous approaches: ERG theory (Clayton P. Alderfer): the influence of needs on work behaviour the “frustration-regression principle”: if a “higher” level need

remains unfulfilled, an individual may regress to “lower” level needs (because that last ones appear easier to satisfy)

also ignoring safety

Our set of values is not just new: but mostly human!

Education: principles and realities (1)

Educational principles: a short didactic history

Novelty in Education after 1989: European (Traditions) vs. American (Novelty?)

The New Competition: to be well defined!

Quantitative development

The quality issue...

Education: principles and realities (2)

much grown commercial feature Skills vs. Knowledge But ... much diminishing of quality and degradation of our society !

This approach is consistent with the degree of complexity or of simplicity of needs

The case of Economic high education in Romania

Education: principles and realities (3) The new market mentality – dogmatic and

critical approach THE short-long-very long approach:

developments on the principles of analysis designed in our paper “Completions to Marshallian

Out-Look, Consistent with Knowledge Based Economy”, Timişoara Journal of Economics (TJE), Vol. 4 Issue (nr.) 1(13), 2011.

Main Reviewing Grounds (debate 1)

Genuine European roots of Liberalist Spirit:

Physiocracy vs. Classicism- value creation in the original liberalist

view- the big ”oblivion” that Adam Smith

introduced

Main Reviewing Grounds (debate 2)

Main principles in Knowledge Society: Human Social Economic Environmental Scientific

Formation, Research, Innovation

Interdisciplinary approach: in Economics too!

Main Reviewing Grounds (debate 2)

Sustainable Development Requirements The intellectual services capital role:

several ideas concerning an original equilibrium/growth model from our book Servicity – more than Productivity in Service Economy (in Romanian), Sedona Publishing House, Timişoara, 2000

Issues from the nowadays Globalization and Crisis impact

The crisis impact on the grounds of globalization (1) Periods of growth ... succeeded crises This new frame of economic life contradicts the

traditional business cycles. the actual economy is different from everything

was ever known by humans, by economic enterprises and social organizations

The need for reviewing our (individual human) needs – including our usual growth model)

The crisis impact on the grounds of globalization (2)

The recent financial and economic world crisis :

- special deepness- specially revealed virtually unknown aspects- the nowadays crisis is general: in fields and time- financial and economic- human and moral- it is conceptual and of Economics too!

- and created a new context of analysis

The crisis impact on the grounds of globalization (3)

This new realities highlight new problems and world may be seen in a new light.

Reanalyzing the market dominating system is required,

grounded on the genuine liberalist roots: physiocrat approach of liberty and productivity

and on knowledge society principles.

The crisis impact on the grounds of globalization (4) Growing and novelty became rather

destructive new scenarios for the future (see, for instance, Jean

Gadrey, Adieu à la croissance. Bien vivre dans un monde solidaire, Les Petits matins, Alternatives économiques, 2010)

The permanent quantitative approach should be replaced with qualitative and relational-synergic topics.

The crisis impact on the grounds of globalization (5) In any case, we must abandon the short-

sighted market (and strictly economic) approach

Reality shown: The planetary environment allows no more destructive consume

Conclusions (1)

Social human needs (the needs at the level of the human society) are not taken into account : they MUST be!

social inclusion Environmental care All responsibilities

Conclusions (2)

What is novelty? A certain novelty is not beneficial!

market mechanisms vs. perceiving economic and societal facts, over teaching, over knowledge and culture, as the new (trade) “religion”

The three levels of time horizons approach: necessity and details.

Conclusions (3) The long and very long term must be kept

in attention: Ignoring long and very long run effects may be normal for the individual and in business. But in economics it is not allowed anymore

mainly after we have already seen the effects Analyses and strategies must be built. Knowledge comes first!

Conclusions (4)

Human NEEDS DIFFER ON THE three levels of time horizons.

EDUCATION MUST RESPECT THEM (NOT FORGET THE VERY LONG RUN, SUSTAINABILITY AND THE HUMAN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT)

and must be consistent with the invoked grounds.

Not very much novelty is desired:Knowledge (including good human

traditions in our mentality) must come first!

Thank You for reading!Al. Jivan PhD.

West University of Timisoara

Romania

alexandrujivan@gmail.com al.jivan@feaa.uvt.ro