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Innovation.Recommendationsregardinginnovationandresearchrelatedaspects.Innovative educational applications can contribute to better learning, thus research and

management issueshavetobedealtwithaswell.ThearrivalofMOOCshasopenedupnewand

excitingareasforresearch,innovationanddevelopment.Althoughinanearlyphaseofevolution,

itis

clear

that

MOOCs

are

blurring

the

lines

between

distance

and

residential

education.

Convergence ishappening.Learninganalytics,adapted learning,personalisation,radical(and less

radical)educationand learningmethodologieswillpavetheirwayandmanysmaller(andnotso

small)disruptionsshouldbeexpected.InnovationpotentialofMOOCsforeducationalchangeisan

opportunityinthepedagogicallevel:opportunityforlifelonglearning;newinteractionsandroles

between learners, teachers, technology; permeability between previously isolated sectors;

spectrum of formal and nonformal learning opportunities. In this sense,MOOCs represent an

incubator foreducationalresearch.Theyalsopresentapotential forchangeatamacro level to

achievetheaspirationsofqualityatscalethattheOpenEducationmovementstrivestodo,and

for structural change regarding access, cost andquality.MOOCs,within the frameofpervasive

educationalchange,

can

help

to

ensure

that

the

fruits

of

innovation

are

meaningful

to

individuals

and tocommunitiesand isstructured insuchaway thatequity,justice,participationandrights

areservedmostefficiently.

Therecommendationsare:

Improve and innovate on pedagogical aspects: methodologies, content formats, andassessment.

Promote research aboutMOOCs. Innovation and new practices such asMOOCs can beimproved with research. Suggested topics are learning analytics, sustainability issues,

supportservices,

assessment

and

credentialing/accreditation

improvements,

quality

framework.

Relocate innovation inthecontextofcommunityandsharedownershipandthecreationof a participative and democratic learning environment, where values have equal

importancewithratesofprofitableextraction.

Promote the generation of strategies to empower local human resources to developinnovationsandqualitystandardsatlocallevels.

Analyse funding and sustainability issues, considering different financing options andfundingmodels.

Analyse recognition of credit possibilities. It requires previous work on guaranteeingauthenticity(learner'sidentity)duringthelearningandassessmentprocesses.Considerthe

inclusion of MOOCs into existing practices for PLAR (Prior Learning Assessment and

Recognition).

Analyse the impactofMOOCs completionbadgesor certificatesofemployment,on thebusinessofinstitution/corporatepartnershipsandonMOOCfinancing.

QualityRecommendations about improving MOOCs considering pedagogical and managerial relatedaspects.

ThefuturedevelopmentofMOOCsshouldfocusonpedagogicalquality.Thelearningprocessthat

occurs inaMOOChastobedesigned,developed,tracked,assessedandaccredited.Pedagogical

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characterofOERandOCWasthebasisforMOOCscouldeasecontextual,culturaland language

adaptationinbothsides(NorthSouth).

ThefollowingoffersuggestionsforfutureMOOCdevelopment:

Developcontextualizationstrategieswhen implementingMOOCswithaneye tonationalregulations,

institutional

characteristics,

etc.

There

are

many

ways

of

developing

MOOCs.

BeawareofculturalandlinguisticcontexttoavoidanAnglocentriccore,oranewintellectualcolonialism.

EmpowernonEnglishspeakingcountriestocreatetheirownopeneducationalsolutionsandencourageOERadaptationtoeachcontextallovertheworld.

Movetoarobustengagementwiththelearningneedsandperspectivesshapedbydifferentexperiencesaroundgender,belief,valuesandsystemicmarginalization.

Buildontheexperienceofopenanddistanceeducationuniversities,particularlyinareasofstudentsupportandindividualisedlearning,whendevelopingMOOCs.

Promotethedevelopmentofpublicpoliciesaboutopenlearning(includingMOOCs)atcountryandinstitutionallevels.

Encourageuniversityconsortiaandqualityframeworksrelatedtotheidentifiedneedsindifferentregionstosupportaccesstohighereducation,inclusionandequity.