Edu virtual museum

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Sandhills

The Regions ofSouth Carolina Museum

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Spartina Grass/ Marshland Spartina grass makes up the marshland of South Carolina. It was planted to help control erosion; however, it can become an invasive

plant. It can over run many other plants in the area.

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Coastline of South Carolina South Carolina has 2,876 miles of coastal shoreline. We are ranked the eleventh longest in the US for coastal shoreline. This benefits our economy greatly. Tourism plays a major

role in our economy.

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The Atlantic Ocean The world’s second largest ocean. It border

South Carolina’s eastern coast. The Atlantic Ocean is home to many different sea creatures and brings people from all around the world to

our state.

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Map of the Shoreline A view of South Carolina’s shoreline. You can

see the many different islands and rivers that make up the South Carolina Low Country.

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Beach ErosionBeach erosion is a constant threat to our

coastline. A lot of the sand on our beaches can be carried away by the pull of the Atlantic or

blown away by the wind.

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Watershed

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A watershed is a geographic area from which water drains toward a common watercourse (such

as a lake, stream, and ocean) in a natural basin. They are the basic building blocks of the natural

environment. Plants and animals depend on a healthy watershed to provide their habitat.

South Carolina has two shrimp seasons. The first runs from May through August, when smaller, brown shrimp are harvested. The popular white

shrimp season begins in September and lasts through December.

South Carolina Shrimp Industry

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South Carolina Barrier Islands

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Barrier Islands, a coastal landform and a type of barrier system, are relatively narrow strips of sand

that parallel the mainland coast. They usually occur in chains, consisting of anything from a few islands to more than a dozen. Excepting the tidal inlets that

separate the islands, a barrier chain may extend uninterrupted for over a hundred kilometers

The Hunting Island Lighthouse is located in Hunting Island State Park on Hunting Island near

Beaufort, South Carolina. Although no longer utilized as a functioning lighthouse, the tower is a fixture at the state park and is open to visitors.

Hunting Island Lighthouse

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Charleston Harbor

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The Charleston Harbor is an inlet of the Atlantic Ocean at Charleston, South Carolina. The inlet is

formed by the junction of Ashley and Cooper rivers. Sullivan's Island shelters the entrance. Charleston Harbor is part of the Intracoastal

Waterway. The inlet is evidence of a drowned coastline, created by a rise in sea level in recent

geologic time.

A delta is a landform that is formed at the mouth of a river, where that river flows into an ocean, sea, estuary, lake, or reservoir. Deltas are formed from the buildup of the sediment

carried by the river as the flow leaves the mouth of the river

South Carolina Delta

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OuterCoastal Plain

A plantation is a large farm or estate where cotton, tobacco, coffee, sugar cane, or the like is cultivated. Most of the plantations

along the coastal plain grew rice, indigo, or Sea Island cotton.

South Carolina Plantations

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OuterCoastal Plain

South Carolina has more marsh acreage than any other Atlantic coast state (344,500 acres of

salt marsh). Because salt marshes in South Carolina are influenced by the twice daily rise

and fall of tides, they are subject to rapid changes in salinity, temperature and water

depth.

Large Marsh

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OuterCoastal Plain

American alligators inhabit the southeastern United States. Once a federally listed

endangered species, American alligators have recovered . The species is still federally listed as

threatened because it looks like the American crocodile, which is endangered. In South

Carolina, alligators have been recorded to reach lengths of more than 13 feet.

American Alligator

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OuterCoastal Plain

South Carolina Wetlands

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Wetlands (swamps, marshes, and bogs) are areas of land that are saturated with moisture seasonally or

permanently. Believed to be the most diverse ecosystems in the world, wetlands are home to various

species of plants, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. This includes many threatened and

endangered species. In addition to wildlife habitat, wetlands act as filters to improve water quality.

Wetlands also reduce flooding and recharge ground water.

You can see the difference between land and water on this infrared map.

Infrared Map

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OuterCoastal Plain

The Coastal Plain is flat and has a low elevation. These two factors make it extremely

susceptible to flooding especially during a hurricane.

Flooding

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Coastal Elevations

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As you can see there is little change in the elevation of the coastal plain. It is basically

flatland.

Farmland

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The coastal plain has a rich history of a diverse agricultural sector, producing large quantities of tomatoes, rice, and vegetables. However, with changing markets, development pressure, and

rising land prices, local farms are disappearing. The Coastal Conservation League and

Lowcountry Local First are working together to preserve Lowcountry agriculture.

Old Shoreline

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InnerCoastal Plain

Millions of years ago the inner coastal plain was underwater.

Features of a Coastal Plain

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Notice all the waterways on top of the flat layer of bedrock.

The Great Pee Dee is large and wild. Most of the land bordering the river is floodplain forest.

The corridor is a swath of high quality wildlife habitat, boasting 120 species of fish, at least 25

rare plant species, several endangered and threatened species (including the American alligator and bald eagle), and typical South

Carolina game species, such as white tail deer and turkey.

Pee Dee River

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Changing Waterways

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Deciduous Forests

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The 45,348-acre refuge serves as a demonstration site for land management practices, which preserve and enhance

the longleaf pine/wiregrass ecosystem. It is home to a variety of plants and animals. The refuge supports approximately 190 species of birds, 42 species of

mammals, 41 species of reptiles, 25 species of amphibians, and innumerable species of plants. The

refuge supports an estimated 125 clusters of the endangered red-cockaded woodpecker, the largest

population in the National Wildlife Refuge System.

Carolina Sandhills National Wildlife Rescue

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A large portion of the rocks and sediment in South Carolina contain fossils. The majority of

these fossils are of marine life from the Miocene Epoch. The Miocene Epoch was between 22.7 and 5.3 million years ago.

During this time an ancient shoreline came up to the sandhills.

Fossils

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Above the sand deposits of the sandhills lies the Fall line, where the rocky river beds meet the sediment covered river bottoms of the Coastal Plain. This was as far as most boats could sail

safely upriver.

Sandhills

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The broad-headed skink gets its name from the wide jaws, giving the head a triangular

appearance. Broad-headed skinks are widely distributed in the south-eastern states of the U.S. These skinks are sometimes wrongly

thought to be venomous. Broad-headed skinks are non venomous.

Broad Headed Skink

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Anoles are small and common lizards that can be found throughout the southeastern United States. A

large majority of them sport a green coloration, including the only species native to North America,

the aptly named Green anole, although the green anole can change its color based on its mood and

surroundings.

Anole

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Lake

Lake Moultrie

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Seven of the eight species of pitcherplants are confined to the south-eastern coastal plain of the U.S. They

inhabit swamps and grassy plains. They are threatened in the wild by development and drainage of their habitat.

Estimates indicate 97% of their habitat has been destroyed in the southeastern U.S. Several southeastern

states, such as Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina have conservation laws to protect them.

Pitcherplants


Lake

Sandhills Forests


White-tailed deer are generalists and can adapt to a wide variety of habitats. They thrive throughout the

state. One way white-tailed deer communicate is with their white tail. When a white-tailed deer is

spooked it will raise its tail to warn the other deer in the area that can see it. The white-tailed deer is the

state animal of South Carolina.

White Tailed Deer


The Sandhills are hilly, unconnected bands of sand left from the ocean dunes during the

Miocene Epoch Era. Sand depths in sandhills can reach as deep as 60 meters (198 feet). The

sandhills are wedged between the Coastal Plains and Piedmont regions of North and

South Carolina and Georgia.

Sandhills


The gopher tortoise is native to the southeastern United States. The gopher tortoise is seen as a keystone species because it digs burrows that provide shelter for 360 other animal species. They are threatened by predation and habitat destruction. On average, each gopher tortoise

needs about 4 acres to live.

The Gopher Tortoise


The U.S. piedmont extends along most of the southeastern U.S.

Map of the US Piedmont

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Piedmont

The many beautiful waterfalls of South Carolina include secluded mountain cascades,

thundering 400-foot river drops and the highest waterfalls in the southeast, Raven Cliff Falls,

located near the striking Blue Ridge Mountains.

Raven Cliff Falls

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Monadnock is an originally Native American term for an isolated hill or a lone mountain that has risen above the surrounding area, typically

by surviving erosion. Monadnock is used to describe an isolated rock hill, knob, ridge, or

small mountain that rises abruptly from an area of relatively flat and/or lower terrain.

Monadnocks

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Kings Mountain National Military Park is a National Military Park near Blacksburg, South Carolina,

along the North Carolina/South Carolina border. The park commemorates the Battle of Kings Mountain, a pivotal and significant victory by American Patriots

over American Loyalists during the Southern Campaign of the Revolutionary War.

Kings Mountain Monument

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Creek

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Table Rock State Park is a 3,083-acre park at the edge of the Blue Ridge Mountains in northern Pickens County. The park includes Pinnacle

Mountain, the tallest mountain totally within the state. There are two park lakes with seasonal

swimming permitted and hiking trails that lead to the Pinnacle Mountain Summit, Mill Creek Falls, and

the summit of Table Rock.

Table Rock

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Overlook at Caesar's Head

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Blue Ridge

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Blue Ridge Region of South Carolina

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Sassafras Mountain

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Caesar’s Head Hawk Watch

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Caesar’s Head

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Blue Ridge

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Rainy Blue Ridge

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Blue Ridge

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