Lecture Notes in Computer Science Edited by G. Goos, J. Hartmanis and J. van Leeuwen

1338

Advisory Board: W. Brauer D. Gries J. Stoer

Franti~ek Pl~gil Keith G. Jeffery (Eds.)

SOFSEM'97: Theory and Practice of Informatics

24th Seminar on Current Trends in Theory and Practice of Informatics Milovy, Czech Republic, November 22-29, 1997 Proceedings

~ Springer

Series Editors

Gerhard Goos, Karlsruhe University, Germany

Juris Hartmanis, Cornell University, NY, USA

Jan van Leeuwen, Utrecht University, The Netherlands

Volume Editors

Frantigek Pl~igil Charles University, Department of Software Engineering Malostransk6 n~m. 25, 118 00 Prague, Czech Republic E-mail: plasil @nenya.ms.mff.cuni.cz

Keith G. Jeffery CLRC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Chilton, Didcot, OXll 0QX Oxfordshire, UK E-mail: kgj @inf.rl.ac.uk

Cataloging-in-Publication data applied for

Die Deutsche Bibliothek - CIP-Einheitsaufnahme

Theory and practice of informatics ; proceedings / SOFSEM '97, 24th Seminar on Current Trends in Theory and Practice of Informatics, Milovy, Czech Republic, November 22 - 29, 1997 / Frantigek Pl~i~il ; Keith G. Jeffery (ed.). - Berlin ; Heidelberg ; New York ; Barcelona ; Budapest ; Hong Kong ; London ; Milan ; Paris ; Santa Clara ; Singapore ; Tokyo : Springer, 1997

(Lecture notes in computer science ; Vol. 1338) ISBN 3-540-63774-5

CR Subject Classification (1991): D, F, H.1-3, H.5, 1.2-3, G.2

ISSN 0302-9743 ISBN 3-540-63774-5 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York

This work is subject to copyright, All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer -Vedag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law.

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1997 Printed in Germany

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Foreword

The SOFSEM (SOFtware SEMinar) is now being held for the 24th time. Having been transformed during the years from a local event to a fully international conference, the current SOFSEM is special in being a mix of a winter school, a conference, and an advanced workshop, each striving for multidisciplinarity in computer science. This aim is reflected in the technical program consisting of a relatively large number of invited talks, refereed papers (known as con- tributed papers), and refereed poster contributions. In addition, time and space for flash communications, industrial presentations, and exhibitions are provided. The program of SOFSEM usually starts with an opening talk delivered by a dis- tinguished member of the computer science community; this year we are honored that Jan van Leeuwen has agreed to present his keynote address Challenges in Large-Scale Distributed Systems.

This volume constitutes the proceedings of SOFSEM'97 held in Milovy, Czech Republic, November 22-29, 1997. This year, 63 papers were submitted from 11 European countries. The selection of the 24 best papers was carried out dur- ing a one-day Program Committee (PC) meeting held in Brno. The referees had previously judged all papers according to their contribution to the state of the art, technical soundness, clarity of presentation, and adequacies of the length and bibliography. The Endowment Board (EB) supported by the Ad- visory Board recommended 22 invited talks focused on the following key topic areas: Distributed and Parallel Systems, Software Engineering and Methodology, Databases and In]ormation Systems, and Fundamentals.

SOFSEM is the result of considerable effort by a number of people. It is my pleasure to record my thanks to the Advisory Board for their support, to the Endowment Board for their general guidance and enormous effort in finding excellent speakers for the invited talks, and to the Organizing Committee (OC) for making SOFSEM'97 happen. It has been an honor for me to work with the members of the Program Committee and other referees who devoted a lot of effort to reviewing the submitted papers.

My special thanks go to Keith Jeffery, the PC vice-chair, for his extremely cooperative and generous overall support and for sharing with me all his ex- perience from serving as the PC Chair in 1996. Also, I would like to record a special credit to Mirek Barto~ek for technical preparation of the proceedings. On a personal note, I am particularly grateful to Jill Sochor, the PC secretary, who has done a tremendous job in keeping track of all the hundreds PC agenda related issues, among which, his perfect preparation of the PC meeting deserves to be especially recognized. Also, I would like to acknowledge the excellent coop- eration I received from Jill Wiedermann as EB Chair, and Jan Staudek as OC Chair.

I am very grateful to the editors of the LNCS series for their continuing trust in SOFSEM and to Springer-Verlag for publishing the proceedings. In addition, I appreciate highly the financial support of our sponsors which assisted with the invited speakers and advanced students.

VI

Ultimately, the success of SOFSEM will be determined not only by the speak- ers and the committee members as the core of conference, but generally by all the attendees, who will contribute to the spirit of the conference. So I am very grateful to all of my professional colleagues who have done, and will do, their best to make SOFSEM a high-quality event. Finally, I would like to express my appreciation for having the opportunity to serve as the Program Committee Chair of SOFSEM'97 and welcome you to this event.

September 1997 Franti~ek Pl~il SOFSEM'gT Program Committee Chair

SOFSEM'97

VII

O m O m

A d v i s o r y B o a r d

Dines Bjorner Peter van Emde Boas Manfred Broy Michat Chytil Georg Gottlob Keith G. Jeffery Maria Zem£nkovg~

Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands Technical University Munich, Germany Anima Praha, s.r.o., Prague, Czech Republic Vienna University of Technology, Austria CLRC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Oxon, UK NSF, Washington DC, US

E n d o w m e n t B o a r d

Jifff Wiedermann, chair Acaxlemy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, CZ Bronislav Rovan, vice-chair Comenius University, Bratislava, SK Keith G. Jeffery CLRC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Oxon, UK Jan Pavelka DCIT Prague, CZ Franti~ek Pl~iil Charles University, Prague, CZ Igor Prlvara Institute of Informatics and Statistics, Bratislava, SK Jan Staudek Masaryk University, Brno, CZ

P r o g r a m C o m m i t t e e

Franti~ek P1A~il, chair Keith G. Jeffery, vice-chair Jill Sochor, secretary Patrizia AsireUi Robert G. Babb II Michel Banatre Guy Bernard Viliam Geffert Jane Grimson Eduard Gr611er Petr Jan~ar Martin Kersten Petr Kroha Antonfn KuSera Bo~ivoj Melichar Hanspeter M6ssenbOck Lenka MotySkov£ Mogen Nielsen V£clav Rajlich

Charles University, Prague, CZ CLRC RAL, Oxon, UK Masaryk University, Brno, CZ I.E.I.-E.N.R., Pisa, IT University of Denver, US IRISA/INRIA, Rennes, FR INT, Evry, FR UPJ~ Ko~ice, SK Trinity College, Dublin, IR Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, AT Ostrava University, CZ CWI, Amsterdam, NL TU Chemnitz, DE Charles University, Prague, CZ Czech Technical University, Prague, CZ University of Linz, AT Masaryk University, Brno, CZ Aarhus University, DK Wayne State University, Detroit, US

viii

Peter Ru~,i~ka Anton Scheber Santosh Shrivastava Hava Siegelmann Jill ~ima Arne S¢lvberg Gerard Tel Volker Tschammer Krzysztof Zielinski

Comenius University, Bratislava, SK SOFTEC, Bratislava, SK University of Newcastle, UK Technion, Haifa, IL Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, CZ The Norwegian University of Sci. & Techn., Trondheim, NO Utrecht University, NL GMD Fokus, Berlin, DE University of Mining & Metallurgy, Krakow, PL

Lis t o f R e f e r e e s

Patrizia Asirelli Robert G. Babb II Guy Bernard V£clav Dvorak Viliam Geffert Jane Grimson Eduard GrSller V£clav Hlav~ Jan Hlavi~ka Petr Jan~ar Keith G. Jeffery Martin Kersten Petr Kroha Anton/n KuSera Bo~ivoj Melichar Francois Meunier Hanspeter MSssenbSck Lenka Moty~kov£

Jaroslav Ne~et~il Mogen Nielsen Luk~ Petrl~ Franti~ek Pl~il V~clav Rajlich Karel Richta Peter Ru~iSka Anton Scheber Santosh Shrivastava Hava Siegetmann Jill ~fma Jill Sochor Arne S¢lvberg Gerard Tel Volker Tschammer Jill Wiedermann Krzysztof Zielinski

IX

SOFSEM '97

Organized by Czech Society for Computer Science Slovak Society for Computer Science Czech ACM Chapter Czech Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics

In cooperation with Faculty of Informatics, Masaryk University, Brno Institute of Computer Science, Masaryk University, Brno Institute of Computer Science, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague Department of Software Engineering, Charles University, Prague Department of Computer Science, Comenius University, Bratislava CLRC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Oxon, UK

Sponsored b y

ApS Brno s.r.o. Digital Equipment s.r.o. European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics Help Service s.r.o. Hewlett Packard s.r.o. IBM Czech Republic s.r.o. Oracle Czech s.r.o.

Organizing C o m m i t t e e

Jan Staudek, chair Miroslav Bartogek, vice-chair Zdena Walletzk£, secretary

Petr Han~6ek Zden6k Mal~ik Tom£~ Pitner

Petr Pfikryl Petr Sojka Tom£g Staudek

Content s

Invited Papers

FUNDAMENTALS

Computer Chess: Algorithms and Heuristics for a Deep Look into the Future 1 R. Feldmann

Algorithms for Triangulated Terrains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 M. van Kreveld

On the Distributed Realization of Parallel Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 K.- J. Lange

The Fundamental Problem of Database Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 J.A. Makowsky, E. V.Ravve

Solving and Approximating Combinatorial Optimization Problems (Towards MAX CUT and TSP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

J. Ne~et~il, D. TurzzT~

The Computational Power of Continuous Time Neural Networks . . . . . . . . . 86 P. Orponen

A Foundation for Computable Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 K. Weihrauch

Towards Machines That Can Think . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 J. Wiedermann

Computational Complexity of Continuous Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 H. Wo~.niakowski

Path Layout in ATM Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 S. Zaks

DISTRIBUTED AND PARALLEL COMPUTING

The Mobile Agent Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 S. Covaci, T. Magedanz

Theory and Practice in Interactionally Rich Distributed Systems . . . . . . . . 163 D.A. Duce

Configuration-Based Programming Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 V. Issarny

Xll

Automatic Generation of ParaUelizing Compilers for Object-Oriented Programming Languages from Denotational Semantics Specifications . . . .

P.K. Muthukrishnan, B.R. Bryant 201

SOFTWARE ENGINEERING AND METHODOLOGY

A Formal Software Engineering Paradigm: From Domains via Requirements to Software - Formal Specification & Design Calculi . . .

D. Bjorner

The Whole Picture to Software Process Improvement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A. Kuntzmann-Combelles

Object-Oriented Design Pat terns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W. Pree

219

249

266

DATABASES AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Object-Oriented DBMS and Beyond . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275 K.R. Dittrich, A. Geppert

On Integration of Relational and Object-Oriented Database Systems . . . . 295 M.E. Orlowska, H. Li, C. Liu

From OO Through Deduction to Active Databases - ROCK, ROLL & RAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313

M.H. Williams, IV. W. Paton

An Introduction to Virtual Reality Modeling Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331 J. ~dra

Stepping Stones to an Information Society . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349 J. Zlatu$ka

XIII

C o n t r i b u t e d P a p e r s

Lower Bounds for the Virtual Path Layout Problem in ATM Networks .. 375 L. Becchetti, C. Gaibisso

Query Processing in Temporal Evidential Databases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383 B. Dai, D.A. Belt, J.G. Hughes

A First Approach to Temporal Predicate Locking for Concurrency Detection in Temporal Relational Databases Supporting Schema Versioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391

C. De Castro

Efficient Insertion of Approximately Sorted Sequences of Items into a Dictionary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399

C. Gaibisso, G. Proietti

High Availability Support in CORBA Environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407 P. Galddmez, F.D. Mu~oz-Escog J.M. Bernabdu-Aubdn

On f-Sparse Sets in NP - P . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415 V. Glasndk

Zero-Overhead Exception Handling Using Metaprogramming . . . . . . . . . . . . 423 M. Hof, H. MSssenbSck, P. Pirkelbauer

The Output-Store Formal Translator Directed by LR Parsing . . . . . . . . . . . 432 J. JanouYek, B. Melichar

Parallel Processing on Alphas Under MATLAB 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 440 J. Kadlec

PRAM Lower Bound for Element Distinctness Revisited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 448 P. Kolman

Optimal Trees for Searching in Codebook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 456 L KopeSek

Time Optimal Self-Stabilizing Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464 R. Krd[ovi5

Requirements Specification Iteratively Combined with Reverse Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473

P. Kroha, M. Straujff

On Finite Representations of Infinite-State Behaviours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481 A. KuSera

XlV

Efficient Strong Sequentiality Using Replacement Restrictions . . . . . . . . . . . S. Lucas

Optimal Encodings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M. Marchiori

Monotonic Rewriting Automata with a Restart Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F. Mrdz, M. Pldtek, P. JanSar, J. Vogel

Kahn's Fixed-Point Characterization for Linear Dynamic Networks . . . . . . S.-H. Nienhuys-Cheng, A. de Bruin

DESAM - Annotated Corpus for Czech . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K. Pala, P. Rychl~, P. Smr5

Mobility Management in CORBA: A Generic Implementation of the LifeCycle Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Y. Peter

A Theory of Game Trees, Based on Solution Trees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W. Pijls, A. de Bruin

Approximation Algorithms for the Vertex Bipartization Problem . . . . . . . . H. SchrSder, A.E. May, I. Vrfo, O. S~kora

Optical All-to-All Communication for Some Product Graphs . . . . . . . . . . . . H. SchrSder, O. S~kora, I. Vrfo

Parallelizing Self-Organizing Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D. ~trupl, R. Neruda

489

497

505

513

523

531

539

547

555

563

A u t h o r I n d e x . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 571