Editable PowerPoint™ Presentations that include Writing Instruction and Practice Grammar...

Editable PowerPoint™ Presentations that include Writing Instruction and Practice Grammar Instruction and Practice

Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.


What Do You Think?When you use words to convince people to think or act in a certain way, you are using persuasion.

Take a few minutes to list reasons that students should and should not be allowed to use cell phones in school.

Consider these questions as you work on your list.

What do students use their cell phones for in school?

What useful purposes could cell phones serve in the classroom?

How could cell phone use in school affect learning?

Is having a cell phone in school a safety issue? Why?

Chapter 9 • Persuasion Introducing Persuasion

Choosing a topic that is too broad results in writing that is general and unfocused.

Use a graphic organizer like this one to narrow your topic.

Write your general topic in the top box, and keep narrowing your topic as you move down the chart. Your last box should hold your narrowest or “smallest” topic, the new focus of your op-ed piece.

My town

Kids in my town

The kids in my town need safe places to ride their bikes.

The kids in my town need bikelanes alongside streets.

Choose and Narrow Your Topic


Chapter 9 • Persuasion

You will use a graphic organizer like this one to state your thesis, organize your arguments, and identify details. When it is complete, you will be ready to write your first draft.

Plan Your Piece

Clear Thesis

First Persuasive Argument

Supporting Evidence/Details

My town should build bikelanes alongside streets sothat kids can ride safely.

Kids would get more exercise riding their bikes if there were more bike lanes.

Kids would have fewer bike accidents if there were more bike lanes.

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Supporting Evidence/ Details

Response to Counter-arguments

Second Persuasive Argument

Reader’s Counter-arguments Bike lanes make car lanes too narrow.

Grab Your Reader

• Lead

• Clear thesis or position


Build Your Case

• Persuasive arguments

• Logically organized supporting evidence

• Reader concerns and counter-arguments that are proven wrong or shown to be less important than your arguments

Wrap It Up

• Restatement of position

• Memorable ending, such as a call to action

The Organization of a Persuasive Essay


Now that you have finished your first draft, you are ready to revise. You can use your Revision RADaR as a guide for making changes to improve your draft. Remember—you can use the steps in Revision RADaR in any order.

Revising: Making It Better


Revision RADaR

Replace . . .

• Words that are not specific

• Words that are overused

• Sentences that are unclear

Add . . .

• New information

• Descriptive adjectives and adverbs

• Rhetorical or literary devices

Delete . . .

• Unrelated ideas

• Sentences that sound good, but do not make sense

• Repeated words or phrases

• Unnecessary details

Reorder . . .

• So most important points are last

• To make better sense or to flow better

• So details support main ideas


Use the revision suggestions to prepare your final draftafter rethinking how well questions of purpose, audience, andgenre have been addressed.

Ensure Precise Word Choice Say exactly what you mean. Use substitutes for words that are vague or imprecise to better describe and explain your points.

Ensure the Use of Effective Transitions If necessary, add transition words and phrases such as finally, next, although, therefore, and as mentioned earlier, to signal to your readers how sentences and paragraphs are connected.

Fine-Tune Your Draft



When you edit your work, you polish your writing and correctany errors. Before editing your final draft, think about usinga variety of sentence structures, including simple, compound,and complex sentences. Look at these sentences:

Maiden Point Shelter is overflowing with cats and dogs.

This sentence is a simple sentence because it has a singleMain, or independent, clause.

Every cage and kennel is filled to capacity, and heartrending meows and barks come from extra cages lining the hallways.

This sentence is a compound sentence because it hasmore than one main clause.

The shelter is at its most overcrowded since it was opened in 1993.

This sentence is a complex sentence because it has a mainclause and a subordinate, or dependent clause, which is sinceit was opened in 1993.

Editing: Making It Correct



Using parallel structures in a sentence means that equal ideas are expressed in words, phrases, clauses, or sentences of similar types.

Tell whether each sentence is simple, compound,or complex. Then identify the parallel structures in eachsentence. Write the answers in your journal.

Grammar Mini-Lesson: Parallel Structures


1. Marcella is athletic, musical, and artistic.

2. One sister is interested in becoming a doctor, and the other is interested in becoming a lawyer.


Give your op-ed piece a chance to change someone’s mind—publish it! Use this chart to identify a way to publish your piece for the appropriate audience.

Publish Your Piece


Students or adults at school

People in your neighborhood or city

• Reading it over the school public address system

• Posting your piece online and inviting responses

• Submitting it to your local television news

• Submitting it to your town newspaper


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