Guy AlLee Research Scientist & Technology Strategist, Intel Direct-Current Evangelist & Chair EMerge Alliance Campus/Building DC

Microgrid Technical Spec Committee because DC is WHEN, not IF

EDISON WAS RIGHT!

BY THE NUMBERS, DC MICROGRIDS FOR SUSTAINABLE BUILDINGS SOONER

July 24, 2014

1 Reason

20th Century Engr. Achievement

Elephants Harmed

Chairs Invented

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2 The Power on the HVDC Path 69 from The Dalles to Los Angeles

2GW

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1888 War of Currents

Courtesy of Nextek Power Systems

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3 Inventions

Wasteful Conversions

Pole Transformer CCA-SA 3.0 Wikipedia User: Glogger

678V

678V

12V

540V

294V

380V

- 294V 190V

190V

480 3Φ UPS PDU PFC Load

380V

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125 Years of Tradition Unchanged by Progress

Gadzooks!

Eh … So? …

Electric Transmission CCA-SA 3.0 Patryk Korzeniecki

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1948 Semiconductors appear

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80% New things with power semiconductors

New things that are natively DC

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3300 1200 Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT)

MVdc Distribution IGBT CCA-SA 3.0 http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:ArséniureDeGallium

3300 V 1200 A

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$39 Reddy Killowatt’s Net Worth

$39T

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0.33% R&D – Electric Utilities

It looks like you are trying to pay for a Smart-Grid.

Would you like help?

• Moving the Grid to Direct-Current

• Just let me do another rate hike as usual without help

• Don’t show me this tip again

July 24, 2014 G. AlLee 11

5% R&D – Cutthroat, Commodity Manufacturers

e.g., Paper Clips

It looks like you are trying to pay for a Smart-Grid.

Would you like help?

• Moving the Grid to Direct-Current

• Just let me do another rate hike as usual without help

• Don’t show me this tip again

July 24, 2014 G. AlLee 12

10kW Conductor Area

48Vdc @ 208A – 2x4/0

208Vac @ 31A – 3x8

415Vac @ 12A – 4x12

380Vdc @ 26A – 2x10

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100+ EMerge Alliance Members Standardizing DC microgrids

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24 Startle Hazard voltage

EMerge standard voltage

Ceiling rails and furniture

Touch-safe, Startle-tolerant

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5-30 The standard DC voltage available from USB 3.0.

The defacto DC outlet.

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13 Watts saved at a DC workstation

100 fewer VA

400 MWh per year at an Intel

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380 ETSI Standard Voltage for DC Data Centers

EMerge target voltage for commercial building distribution backbone

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8% Energy Savings in DC Data Centers

1000% More Reliability

39% Less Lifetime Cost

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7 Parts not needed

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12% Zero Net Energy Building

DC efficiency gain

Capital cost savings

11.7 kW

11.1 kW

10 kW

10.5 kW

10 kW 10.3 kW

AC

DC July 24, 2014 G. AlLee 21

19-40% Double Whammy that accelerates Zero Net Energy Building crossover 10-30% dc load reduction 10-15% dc loss reduction PNC branch 50% less

energy & LEED Platinum

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Net Zero

Energy

On-site Electricity Demand

Distributed Renewable Energy

DC AC

2114 100 years from now, we’ll look back and chuckle that we ever used AC.

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