Edible Wild Mushrooms

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Edible Wild Mushrooms~A basic i ntroduction~


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Strands of Hyphae making u p the Mycelium

Need myc pics.


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Fungi T he Largest Organism?

The l argest known colony o f fungi is Honey F ungus ( Amillaria ostoyae )known in East Oregon, USA, and is currently o ver 3.7 sq/miles, whichis over 2384 acres. The M ushrooms are ed ible b ut not great

It is at least 2400 years old and is probably a l ot older, putting it amongthe oldest and largest living o rganisms know to us.


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Numbers

andEdibility

There ar e ap x. 75,000 recorded species of Fungi in the w orld, andmany t housands more no t known . Over 4000 (and counting) of theseare r ecorded growing in the U K and experts guess that there ar e cl oserto 15,000.

In the U K, there ar e ar ound 1000 edible s pecies, 400 worth picking t oeat, and 30+ species that are co nsidered very g ood eating.

In this talk, we w ill cover only a v ery sm all selection. When and whereto find them, lookalikes, dangerous fungi and a w ord on edibility.


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The Mushrooms

Edible:

Cep/Porcini/Penny B un Boletus edulis --- Orange B irch B olete Leccinum versipelle

Hedgehog Mushroom Hydnum repandum &Terracotta H edgehog Hydnum rufescensChanterel le Cantharellus cibarius --- Chicken of the W oods Laetiporus sulphureus

Hen of the Woods Grifola fron dosa --- Oyster Mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus

Poisonous

The Death C ap - Amanita phalloides

The Destroying A ngel - Amanita virosa

The Fly A garic - Amanita m uscaria


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Cep/Porcini/Penny Bun Boletus edulis

Habitat : Woodland - Oak, Beech, Birch & Conifers.

Prefers : Open spaces, with little other p lant growth(competition) Season : Summer to late Autumn Lookalikes : Lots of variation within Ceps, B. edulis always hasa w hite ' net' around the s tem. The B itter Bolete ( Tylopilus felle ), The Bay Bolete ( Boletus badius ) Edible a nd good!

Edibility: Prized and classic.


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Cep - Boletus edulis


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The B itter Bolete Tylopilus felleus

Image credit: Eric S mith


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Boletus aureus Boletus badius - Bay Bolete


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Orange B irch Bolete - Leccinum versipelle &

Brown Birch Bolete - L. scabrum

Habitat : Woodland, in association with Birch Trees Prefers : Scrubland and open Woodland under Birch Trees Season : Summer - Autumn Lookalikes : The Orange Oak Bolete ( Leccinum quercinum )

Edible b ut not as good as the O range B irch Bolete

Edibility: Good texture, turns black w hen cooking


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Orange B irch B olete Leccinum versipelle


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Brown Birch Bolete Leccinum scabrum


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Hedgehog Mushroom -Hydnum repandum &

Terracotta Hedgehog -Hydnum rufescens

Habitat : Broadleaved or Coniferous woodland. Prefers : Not picky but usually fruits in larger numbers in

Broadleaved Woodland. Season : Summer Autumn. Lookalikes : Non apart from very r are ' toothed' fungi of the

same genus

Edibility: Firm texture a nd lots of flavour.


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Hedgehog Mushroom Hydnum repandum


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Terracotta Hedgehog Hydnum rufescens


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Chanterelle Cantharellus cibarius


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False Chanterelle Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca

Image Credit: Eric Smith


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Chicken of the Woods Laetiporus sulphureus


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Chicken of the Woods Laetiporussulphureus


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Hen of the WoodsGrifola frondosa

Habitat : At the b ase o f Broadleaves such as Oak an d Beech Prefers : Oak Season : Autumn Lookalikes: Giant Polypore ( Meripilus giganteus ) w hich is

edible b ut almost tasteless. Edibility: firm and flavourful, best when young.


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Hen of the Woods Grifola frondosa


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Giant Polypore Meripilus Giganteus


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Giant Polypore Meripilus Giganteus


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Oyster MushroomPleurotus ostreatus

Habitat : On rotting/fallen tree stumps of deciduous trees. Prefers : Usually f allen Beech Trees. Season : Spring t o Late-Autumn. Lookalikes: Almost unmistakeable, maybe Creditopus sp.

(inedible) Edibility: Very good flavour, if a l ittle ru bbery and often

plentiful. Great Pan-fried or with Pasta.


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Oyster Mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus


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Creditopus sp.


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The Death C apA ithllid


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Amanita phalloides

Habitat : Both Deciduous & Coniferous Woodland Prefers : Oak & Beech Season : Autumn Appearance: Dull green cap, white s tem with ring. Toxicity: Fatal - One i s enough to kill a p erson. Frequency: Less common than most edibles but often seen.


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The Death C ap - Amanita phalloides (Image c redit: D. Borgarino)


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The Destroying Angel Amanita virosa Habitat : Both Deciduous & Coniferous Woodland Prefers : Birch. Season : Autumn. Appearance: Totally w hite, ring around the st em Toxicity: Fatal - One i s enough to kill a p erson. Frequency: Common but less so t han The Death Cap.


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The D estroying A ngel - Amanita virosa (Image cred it: Leif Stridvall)


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The Fly Agaric Amanita muscaria Habitat : In association with Pine & Birch Prefers : Birch. Season : Autumn.

Appearance: Tell tale red cap with white sp ots. Toxicity: Very P oisonous, one cap won't kill but 10+ will. Frequency: Common, sometimes in large troops.


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The F ly A garic - Amanita muscaria


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The F ly A garic - Amanita muscaria


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Recommended Reading


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'River Cottage Handbook No. 1: Mushrooms ' by John Wright A wonderfuland witty i ntroduction to t he world of Edible Mushrooms. ID for E dibles and poisonousFungi and a good selection of tasty re cipes

'The Complete Book of Mushrooms' by Peter Jordan 'The Fo olproof Mushroom Pickers Guide ' by P eter Jordan A great guide to

Edible Mushroom Fo ' Mushrooms ' by R oger P hillips A comprehensive volume for over 1200 mushrooms

& fungi found in t he UK & beyond. ' A Passion for ' by Antonio Carluccio Another indispensable book by

a passionate r estauranteur with great ID sections and wonderful recipes. 'Collins Complete B ritish Mushrooms & Toadstools' by Sterry & Hughe s A

very go od photographic field guide.

Contact details


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Available mushroom lunch and further in-depth identification, more

edible, general and rare fungi. Andrew Tomlinson

07580 629 907

[email protected]

Edible Wild Mushrooms

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