Economic Outlook for Rural Pennsylvania Over the Next 10 Years€¦ · Across the nation and in...

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Economic Outlook for Rural Pennsylvania Over the Next 10 Years By:

Todd Behr, M.A., ABD, Constantinos Christofides, Ph.D., and Pattabiraman Neelakantan, Ph.D., East

Stroudsburg University of Pennsylvania

July 2017

Executive Summary

This research analyzed trends in employment and wages in rural and urban Pennsylvania to produce 10-

year projections of employment and wage growth by industry and occupation. The researchers used

projections from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) and the Pennsylvania Department of Labor

and Industry’s Center for Workforce Information and Analysis (CWIA) to complete the analysis.

The research ranked industries according to the greatest potential growth in the number and percentage of

jobs over the decade (2012-2022) for the nation, the state and the state’s 22 Workforce Investment Areas

(WIAs). The research classified the WIAs as rural, urban and mixed. Rural WIAs consisted of only rural

counties. Out of 10 urban WIAs, nine were solely urban counties, except Lehigh Valley, which consists

of two urban counties – Lehigh and Northampton. The five mixed WIAs consisted of a mixture of rural

and urban counties.

Occupations were ranked in terms of the potential growth in the total number and the percentage of jobs

for the nation, the state, and rural, urban and mixed WIAs for the study period.

The findings were consistent with the projected demographic changes for the national economy and the

projected changes for rural and urban Pennsylvania. Specifically, the most significant projected change is

that a larger number of Americans will be in the 55-and-over age group during the 2012-2022 time

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period. This group’s labor force participation rates are typically lower and their consumption patterns

typically change, usually with increases in their demand for healthcare and related services.

Across the nation and in Pennsylvania (especially rural Pennsylvania), which has one of the highest

senior citizen populations in the country, it is not surprising that the fastest growing industry is the

Healthcare and Social Assistance sector. Employment in this sector is projected to grow three times as

fast as the average growth of total employment for both the U.S. and Pennsylvania.

For example, in Pennsylvania, the industries that are expected to experience the largest gains in

employment are Healthcare and Social Assistance, with a projected increase of 175,880 new jobs,

Professional and Technical Services, with a projected increase of 52,290 jobs, Administrative and Waste

Services, with an increase of 48,670 jobs, Construction, with an increase of 43,110 jobs, and

Accommodation and Food Services, with an increase of 33,630 jobs, for the period 2012-2022.

Construction employment in Pennsylvania is projected to grow faster than average during 2012-2022.

The projected faster growth of the construction industry may be more short-term than long-term, and that

growth will probably decrease after the industry rebounds from the housing collapse and the 2007-2009

recession.

There are a few interesting differences in the growth industries in rural and urban Pennsylvania.

Healthcare, Construction, and Accommodation and Food Services are projected to grow rapidly in both

rural and urban counties. Administrative and Waste Services are projected to grow in urban but not rural

counties since the markets for those services are in densely populated areas. Employment in

Transportation and Warehousing is projected to grow faster in rural but not urban areas because the

industry requires more spacious environments for truck traffic and the construction of warehouses.

The growth of certain industries requires the growth of certain occupations and it is therefore not

surprising that the fastest growing occupations at the national, state, and rural and urban levels are all

associated with the Healthcare Industry: Healthcare Practitioners, Healthcare Support, and Personal Care

and Service occupations are projected to grow at faster rates during 2012-2022.

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Business and Financial Operations and Computer and Mathematical occupations are expected to grow

faster in urban Pennsylvania, and Transportation and Material Moving occupations are projected to grow

faster in rural counties.

Food Preparation and Serving-Related occupations are projected to grow significantly as the Leisure and

Hospitality Industry grows.

A section of this study was devoted to the educational requirements for different occupations and also

occupational wage trends. Educational attainment levels are higher in urban counties, as 33.2 percent of

the adult population have bachelor’s degrees or higher as opposed to only 20.4 percent of adults in rural

counties. The educational gap contributes significantly to the income gap. Wages are significantly higher

in urban counties. These trends are expected to continue during the 2012-2022 decade. The highest entry

level wages projected for 2022 will be earned in urban counties reflecting the higher educational

attainment levels.

Finally, the study explored the educational/training programs and institutions to determine the relative

adequacy of such educational facilities to meet projected growth in occupations. The researchers

conducted a survey of the Workforce Development Boards (WDBs) of the 22 WIAs in Pennsylvania to

examine the industry and occupational employment projections in their areas. WDBs are regional entities

created to implement the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act, which authorizes and funds

employment and training programs. The survey asked the WDBs whether, based on their own familiarity

with local economic conditions, actual growth rates will equal, exceed or be lower than the CWIAs

projections. The great majority of respondents indicated agreement with the CWIA projections.

The same survey asked the WDBs to comment on the adequacy of their local educational and training

facilities in meeting industry and occupational workforce needs. The respondents unanimously expressed

confidence in the ability of their local facilities to meet future educational and training needs.

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Table of Contents

Introduction 5 Goals and Objectives 7 Methodology 8 Results 11

National Trends 12

Pennsylvania 16

Workforce Investment Areas 21

Wages 98

Education, Wages and Employment 103

Pennsylvania’s Educational Infrastructure,

Workforce Development Strategies, Network, and Programs 110

Conclusions 121 Bibliography 128 Appendix 130

This project was sponsored by a grant from the Center for Rural Pennsylvania, a legislative agency of the

Pennsylvania General Assembly. The Center for Rural Pennsylvania is a bipartisan, bicameral legislative agency that

serves as a resource for rural policy within the Pennsylvania General Assembly. It was created in 1987 under Act 16,

the Rural Revitalization Act, to promote and sustain the vitality of Pennsylvania’s rural and small communities.

Information contained in this report does not necessarily reflect the views of individual board members or the Center

for Rural Pennsylvania. For more information, contact the Center for Rural Pennsylvania, 625 Forster St., Room 902,

Harrisburg, PA 17120, telephone (717) 787-9555, email: [email protected], www.rural.palegislature.us.

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Introduction

This study analyzed historical trends in income and employment in rural and urban Pennsylvania and

extrapolated these trends to produce 10-year projections of income and employment growth by industry

and occupation. These projections were compared to Pennsylvania state averages and national industry

and occupation projections produced by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Bureau of Labor Statistics

(BLS).

The 10-year projections of industry and occupation growth are widely used in planning education and

training programs by both individuals seeking career guidance and organizations offering educational and

training services. In addition, policymakers, community planners, educational authorities and state and

local governments use employment and occupational projections to determine future educational and

training needs.

The U.S. Department of Labor’s Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) releases a biennial report containing

10-year projections of labor force, output, employment and occupations. These projections are derived

from forecasts of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and the projected sectoral composition of GDP that

reflects consumer demand for specific goods and services. The projected output levels of specific

industries determine the types of labor skills and employment needs required to accommodate future

industry outputs.

The projected demographic characteristics of the U.S. population will greatly influence consumption

patterns. As the average age of the population increases, the demand for healthcare and related services

will also increase and employment in certain industries will grow substantially. Similarly, certain

occupations related to the healthcare and social assistance sectors will experience higher growth rates.

The first part of the methodology section presents a detailed description of the procedures used by the

BLS to produce output, employment and occupation projections by industry and the results section

summarizes the most recent BLS report and the 10-year projections of the national labor force, total

employment by industry, occupations and the educational requirements of the various occupations.

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The second part of the methodology section discusses the long-term industry projection method used by

the Pennsylvania Department of Labor and Industry’s Center for Workforce Information and Analysis

(CWIA) to perform 10-year projections of industry employment. These projections are based on historical

trends, economic factors, local population growth and demographic changes.

CWIA also provides 10-year occupational projections by combining information from the Occupational

Employment Statistics (OES), Current Employment Statistics (CES) and the Quarterly Census of

Employment and Wages (QCEW) programs in cooperation with BLS.

CWIA is dedicated to producing labor market information for policymakers, business leaders, jobseekers,

educational institutions and the general public.

Through its efforts, CWIA identifies the industries that employ the greatest numbers of workers and the

industries that are expected to experience the largest growth rates. Its 10-year projections identify the

Workforce Investment Areas (WIAs) that are expected to grow at rates above and below the state

average, the fastest growing industries in Pennsylvania and the occupational groups that will experience

the largest growth rates.

BLS initiated a program producing 10-year national employment projections by industry in 1960. In

1970, the BLS established the methodology and support for state and local labor market area projections.

State governments follow the same 10-year employment and occupational 2-year projection cycles used

by the BLS.

The methodology introduced by BLS has remained virtually the same since the late 1970s and all state

projections use the same methodology but make adjustments to reflect the industry and employment

conditions in a given state.

Thus the methodology used for state industry employment projections is relatively uniform among the

states. The Pennsylvania Department of Labor and Industry produces 10-year industry employment

projections. These projections are revised every 2 years and are the result of cooperative efforts between

BLS and CWIA.

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Goals and Objectives

The first study goal was to review government and academic literature used to project national, state and

local employment and wages and to determine the most appropriate methodologies for forecasting

economic conditions in rural and urban Pennsylvania.

The BLS methodology has remained largely the same over the years and is centered on projections of the

U.S. input-output model that determines the labor requirements of various industries.

BLS projections are released biennially and are available online and also published in the Monthly Labor

Review and the Occupational Outlook Quarterly.

State and local employment and occupational projections are made possible through the support of BLS

and the methodology applied is essentially the same as the one used to project national industry and

occupational employment, except the factors included in the state projections are weighted to reflect the

industry and employment conditions in a given state.

The Employment and Training Administration allocates funds to the State and Local Projections Program

through the Workforce Information Grants. These funds are used by state labor entities to develop,

manage and deliver state labor market information.

The methodology developed by BLS has thus become the standard methodology uniformly used by the

various states to produce long-term industry employment and occupational projections.

In addition to reviewing employment projection methodologies, the researchers met with officials from

CWIA to discuss the specific methods applied to generate state and local employment projections.

Education and training requirements for the various occupations are determined by BLS and the various

occupations are classified in the Measures of Education and Training technical document published by

BLS in 2012. The various occupation categories require different levels of education based on educational

attainment of workers in each category.

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The second study goal was to construct a comprehensive database for rural and urban Pennsylvania

counties containing industry and occupational employment and wages during the past 10 years.

The researchers used a second database containing historical information for all WIAs in Pennsylvania

during the past decade. This database also includes industry employment, occupational employment and

occupational wages during the past 10 years. The WIAs are classified as rural, urban or mixed, which

consist of both rural and urban counties.

The final study goal was to list and describe existing government programs and to determine their

adequacy in meeting present and future industry and occupational needs, construct an inventory of

existing educational and training institutions in rural and urban Pennsylvania counties, and solicit

comments from state government officials on the relative adequacy of such programs.

Methodology

Literature Review and Consultation

The researchers examined relevant academic and government sources to determine the appropriate

methodology for long-term industry employment, occupation and wage forecasts.

The most widely used procedure for state and local economic outlook projections is the methodology

developed by BLS. BLS releases 10-year projections of economic growth, employment by industry and

occupation, and labor force projections for the national economy every 2 years. These projections are

widely used to plan career guidance, education and training programs, and long-range employment

trends.

The latest BLS projections covered the 2012-2022 decade and were updated in December 2015 to cover

the 2014-2024 decade.

The methodology developed by BLS is significant because it identifies the long-run tendencies of the

major industrial sectors of the nation and identifies the fastest growing occupations, job opportunities, and

industries in the U.S. over the next decade.

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The changing dynamics of the labor force, detailed analysis of the projections of the U.S. macro-

economy, the patterns of output and employment growth by industry, and occupation projections for the

nation are published in a series of reports in the Monthly Labor Review.

The methodology developed by BLS is used not only for national projections but it is also applied to state

and local projections of industry employment, occupations and wages.

In 1995, BLS awarded two grants through the Employment and Training Administration (ETA) to

America’s Labor Market Information System (ALMIS) to centrally coordinate the efforts of states in

performing essentially the same 10-year biennial projections but modified to reflect the unique industry

and employment conditions in a given state.

The CWIA obtains 10-year industry employment and occupation projections from ALMIS.

Database Construction

The researchers constructed a database containing historical data for Pennsylvania’s rural and urban

counties (using the Center for Rural Pennsylvania definition). The database includes information on the

various industries of rural and urban counties and occupational data. These data are available from the

CWIA and the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis.

The researchers also tabulated industry and occupation data by Workforce Investment Areas in

Pennsylvania and classified them as rural, urban or mixed rural and urban.

Database Description, Analysis and Projection of Industry and Occupational Employment, Wages and

Educational Requirements

The researchers analyzed data from BLS and CWIA to identify the five largest 2-digit North America

Industrial Classification System (NAICS) industries and the five largest 2-digit Standard Occupational

Classification (SOC) occupations for the 22 Workforce Investment Areas (WIA) in Pennsylvania.1 These

rankings were then compared to determine the differences and similarities among the various WIAs and

1 The North American Industrial Classification System is used by federal and state statistical agencies to classify business establishments for the purpose of collecting, analyzing and publishing industry-specific statistical data.

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among rural and urban counties. The differences were then explained in terms of the specific economic,

socio-demographic and geographic characteristics of the various areas.

Occupational wage data and entry-level educational requirements for Pennsylvania are reported by the

CWIA but not projected. The researchers used the 2014 wage data to project 2022 wages for

Pennsylvania’s WIAs.

The industry employment and occupation 10-year projections produced by CWIA are ranked in terms of

the largest percentage growth rates and also in terms of changes in actual employment levels. These

trends are determined for the state as a whole, for each WIA and for each county.

The researchers conducted a survey of local Workforce Development Boards (WDBs) to ascertain

whether they agree or disagree with the CWIA industry/occupation employment projections. The great

majority of respondents indicated agreement with the CWIA projections. The same survey asked local

WDBs to comment on the adequacy of their local educational and training facilities in meeting industry

and occupational workforce needs. The respondents generally expressed confidence in the ability of their

local facilities to meet future educational and training needs.

State and Federal Programs Relevant to Future Industry and Occupational Needs

The projected educational and technical skills are derived from the industry employment and occupational

projections produced by CWIA and the educational requirements defined by BLS. The ability to produce

such educational and technical skills depends on the educational and training infrastructure available in

Pennsylvania. The researchers compiled an inventory of educational and training facilities by the

Pennsylvania Department of Education, analyzed this data and solicited comments from all WIBs to

ascertain the adequacy of educational infrastructure to meet the future workforce needs.

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Results

The initial phase of this study was to review government and academic literature concerned with long-

term industry and occupational projections.

Long-term industry and occupational employment projection systems were explored by BLS after World

War II to provide future employment information to veterans returning to civilian occupations. The first

formal employment projections were published by BLS in 1960 and the widely used long-term

employment and occupation methodology was developed in the early 1970s.

The BLS methodology is based on the principle that the demand for labor is derived from the demand for

the goods that workers produce, so employment projections are based on the projection of future expected

consumer purchases that drive industry growth patterns.

The academic, government and professional literature on the long-term economic forecasts and

techniques used for industry employment and occupational projections is dominated by the methodology

developed and applied by BLS.

The six steps involved in the BLS model consist of techniques that were developed by professional

economists and government statisticians and are combined by BLS to generate a logical step-by-step

procedure to produce biennial 10-year projections of industry employment and occupations:

1. The labor force projection is based on population forecasts, labor force participation rates,

demographic characteristics, birth rates, death rates and immigration. This stage of the BLS

methodology is based on the U.S. Census Bureau’s statistics and the Current Population Survey

(CPS), conducted by the Census Bureau for BLS. This step is used to identify future labor supply.

2. The aggregate economy is projected using the Macroeconomic Advisers U.S. model. The model

produces long-term projections of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the U.S.

The specific assumptions and target variables for the 2022 projections are presented in the

December 2013 Monthly Labor Review.

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3. The final demand for goods and services is derived by disaggregating the projected GDP into its

aggregate demand components of Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE), Private

Investment, Net Exports and Government Purchases. PCE and private investment are subdivided

into 76 and 28 product categories and asset groups consistent with the national income and

product accounts (NIPA) published by the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA).

4. Industry output is projected by combining final demand estimates with the U.S. Input-Output

Model developed in 1947 by Wassily Leontief and refined and updated annually by BEA. The

Input-Output model projects the industry outputs sufficient to meet the final demand for the

various goods and services and the intermediate goods required by the various industries.

5. Industry employment is derived from industry output using statistical techniques to control for

weekly hours worked in each industry, industry wage rates, prices and time trends. The long-term

projections of employment ignore cyclical factors affecting the unemployment rate.

6. Occupational employment is projected by using information provided by the Occupational

Employment Statistics (OES) survey that describes the occupational and wage distribution in

each industry and Current Employment Statistics (CES) data that provide information on the total

wage and salary employment of each industry. BLS combines all these data into a base-year

occupational employment matrix (2012), and, based on the derived staffing patterns and the

projected industry employment, the projected-year (2022) occupational employment levels are

produced.

BLS provides information about education and training requirements for hundreds of occupations

based on the existing educational attainment levels achieved by current workers. These

educational requirements are presented in detail in the BLS technical report, Measures of

Education and Training. Using this information, BLS projects future educational needs in various

industries throughout the U.S.

National Trends

The 2012-2022 projections for the national economy by BLS have identified the following general trends:

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• Labor force growth will be relatively slow, averaging 0.5 percent annual rate of increase. The

growth rate is expected to be slower than the 2002-2012 annual growth rate of 0.7 percent due to

the decrease in the labor force participation rate and the exit of the “baby-boomers” from the

labor force as they reach retirement age.

• The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is projected to grow at an annual rate of 2.6 percent,

reflecting the slow growth of the labor force.

• Total employment is expected to grow by 1.0 percent annually, the fastest growth occurring in the

construction and healthcare and social assistance industries. These industries are expected to

grow at an annual average of 2.9 percent, followed by educational services (2.0 percent),

professional and business services (1.9 percent) and mining (1.5 percent). The five fastest

growing industries account for about 72 percent of the total growth in national employment.

The federal government classifies workers into groups using the 2010 Standard Occupational

Classification (SOC) system.

Table 1 shows the ranking of the top and bottom five industries and occupations in U.S. employment

growth of wage and salary workers, projected for 2012-2022. Table 2 is the same as Table 1 except it is

ranked by percent change in employment rather than number of jobs.

Occupations in healthcare, healthcare support, construction and personal care are expected to account for

about one third of the total employment gains contributing 5.3 million new jobs over the 2012-2022

decade. Some occupations will grow because of the growth in a specific industry. The number of jobs for

computer programmers, for example, will be affected by the growth of the computer software industry.

Many other occupations, such as accountants and human resource managers are found in many industries,

so the growth of these occupations is not linked to the growth of a specific industry sector.

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Table 1 U.S. - Top & Bottom 5 Industries by Projected Change in Employment, 2012-2022

Ranking by Change in

Employment

INDUSTRY

Projected Change in Industry

Employment (thousands)

% Change in Industry

Employment

1 Healthcare and Social Assistance 4,994 29 2 Professional and Business Services 3,483 19 3 Construction 1,622 29 4 Leisure and Hospitality 1,289 9 5 Retail Trade 1,091 7

13 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting -25 -2 14 Utilities -56 -10 15 Information -65 -2 16 Federal Government -408 -14 17 Manufacturing -550 -5

Source: Occupational Outlook Quarterly, Winter 2013-14; data pertain to Wage & Salary workers.

U.S. - Top & Bottom 5 Occupations by Projected Change in Employment, 2012-2022 Ranking by Change in

Employment

OCCUPATION




Employment

1 Healthcare Practitioners and Technical 1,733 22 2 Office and Administrative Support 1,534 7 3 Construction and Extraction 1.302 21 4 Healthcare Support 1,156 28 5 Personal Care and Service 1,123 21

18 Architecture and Engineering 180 7 19 Legal 133 11 20 Life, Physical and Social Science 126 10 21 Production 76 1 22 Farming, Fishing and Forestry -32 -3


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Table 2 U.S. - Top & Bottom 5 Industries by Projected % Change in Employment, 2012-2022

Ranking by % Change in Employment

INDUSTRY




Employment

1 Healthcare and Social Assistance 4,994 29 2 Construction 1,622 29 3 Educational Services 675 20 4 Professional and Business Services 3,483 19 5 Mining 121 15

13 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting -25 -2 14 Information -65 -2 15 Manufacturing -550 -5 16 Utilities -56 -10 17 Federal Government -408 -14


U.S. - Top & Bottom 5 Occupations by Projected % Change in Employment, 2012-2022 Ranking by Change in

Employment

OCCUPATION




Employment

Healthcare Support 1,156 28 1 Healthcare Practitioners and Technical 1,733 22 2 Construction and Extraction 1.302 21 3 Personal Care and Service 1,123 21 4 Computer and Mathematical 686 18 5

18 Management 637 7 19 Art, Design, Entertainment, Sport and Media 181 7 20 Office and Administrative Support 1,534 7 21 Production 76 1 22 Farming, Fishing and Forestry -32 -3


The educational requirements needed for entry in specific occupations are estimated by BLS based on the

existing training and educational attainment characteristics of workers in specific occupations compiled

by the Census Bureau’s American Community Survey.

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In 2012, about one third of jobs required post-secondary education for entry. These jobs are expected to

experience above average growth during the following decade.

The number of jobs requiring a master’s degree is expected to experience the greatest growth (18.4

percent) among all educational categories. Occupations requiring a high school diploma are expected to

experience the greatest growth in terms of number of jobs, accounting for approximately 4.5 million new

jobs.

The most significant factors affecting the above projections are related to the changing demographics, a

slower population growth, a lower labor force participation rate, the aging of the baby-boomers and the

subsequent increase in the demand for medical services. The faster growth in employment and

occupations projected in the healthcare sector are the result of these changing demographics. The

projected growth in construction employment is due to the recovery of this sector from the housing crisis

of the 2007-2009 recession and the return to its long-term growth trend. Given the slow population

growth and the changing demographics, construction employment and output are not expected to reach

their prerecession levels.

Pennsylvania

Total employment in Pennsylvania is projected by using the BLS methodology and data from the

Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages for industry employment and Occupational Employment

Statistics for occupational employment projections.

The CWIA projects industry and occupation employment for 10 years (2012-2022) and updates these

projections every 2 years. These projections are produced for Pennsylvania, Metropolitan Statistical

Areas (MSAs) and for Workforce Investment Areas (WIAs).

The 2012-2022 projections are very similar to the national employment projections and are greatly

influenced by the changing demographics, educational levels and the various regional characteristics of

the state’s rural and urban areas.

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Total employment in Pennsylvania is expected to grow by 467,940 from 6,046,560 in 2012 to 6,514,500

in 2022. The average annual growth rate in Pennsylvania is expected to be 0.77 percent compared to the

projected growth rate of national employment of 1.1 percent.

The slower growth of Pennsylvania’s employment may be caused by the slower growth of the state’s

GDP. Pennsylvania GDP grew at an average annual rate of 1.4 percent in the period 2010-2013 compared

to the national average of 2 percent.

The greatest projected percentage growth of employment is expected to occur in:

• Construction 19.1 percent

- Building/Residential/Commercial/Utility construction etc.

• Healthcare and Social Assistance sector 19.1 percent

- Ambulatory Services, Physician Offices, Outpatient Care etc.

• Administrative and Waste Services 17.1 percent

- Office Administration, Business Services etc.

• Professional and Technical Services 16.5 percent

- Legal/Accounting/Payroll Services etc.

• Transportation and Warehousing 12.0 percent

- Air/Truck/Rail/Taxi Transportation Services etc.

The Healthcare and Social Assistance sector is expected to experience the largest gain in employment

with a projected increase of 175,880 new jobs, followed by Professional and Technical Services at 52,290

jobs, Administrative and Waste Services and Construction at 43,110 and Accommodation and Food

Services at 33,630, for the period 2012-2022.

Table 3 provides a list of the five fastest growing industries in Pennsylvania both in terms of percentage

and numeric growth (number of jobs) and also includes the five industries with the lowest employment

growth rates.

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TABLE 3

Rank by Total Employment Change 2012 – 2022 Source: Pennsylvania Center for Workforce Information and Analysis

Pennsylvania

Rank NAICS Industry Title Employment Change

Percentage Change

TOTAL ALL INDUSTRIES 467,940 7.7%

1 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 175,880 19.1% 2 54 Professional & Technical Services 52,290 16.5% 3 56 Administrative & Waste Services 48,670 17.1% 4 23 Construction 43,110 19.1% 5 72 Accommodation & Food Services 33,630 7.8%

Top 5 as a % of Total Employment 76%

16 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 290 0.4%

17 22 Utilities -430 -1.9% 18 31-33 Manufacturing -3,000 -0.5% 19 51 Information -3,380 -3.7% 20 99 Government -7,650 -2.0%

Rank by % Employment Change

Pennsylvania

Rank NAICS Industry Title Percentage Change

Employment Change

TOTAL ALL INDUSTRIES 7.7% 467,940

1 23 Construction 19.1% 43,110 2 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 19.1% 175,880 3 56 Administrative & Waste Services 17.1% 48,670 4 54 Professional & Technical Services 16.5% 52,290 5 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 12.0% 26,600

Top 5 as a % of Total Employment

74%

16 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 0.4% 290 17 31-33 Manufacturing -0.5% -3,000 18 22 Utilities -1.9% -430 19 99 Government -2.0% -7,650 20 51 Information -3.7% -3,380

Pennsylvania Industry Sectors

Industry Title 2012 2022 Employment Change

Percentage Change

TOTAL ALL INDUSTRIES 6,046,560 6,514,500 467,940 7.7%

GOODS-PRODUCING 895,930 938,420 42,490 4.7% SERVICES-PROVIDING 4,837,460 5,257,510 420,050 8.7%

Self-Employed Workers 303,970 309,210 5,240 1.7% Unpaid Family Workers 9,200 9,360 160 1.7%

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Occupations in Healthcare Practitioners and Technical, Healthcare Support, Personal Care and Service

and Food Preparation are projected to account for about 38 percent of all new jobs created in

Pennsylvania during the 2012-2022 decade, adding 176,360 jobs. The fast growth in these occupations is

the result of the expected growth in the Healthcare and Social Assistance sector.

Transportation and Material Moving occupations are projected to grow substantially accounting for

38,050 jobs, Computer and Mathematical occupations are expected to grow by 16.77 percent and

Construction and Extraction will grow by 37,280 employees.

Table 4 contains a list of the fastest growing occupations in Pennsylvania for 2012-2022 in terms of

percentages and number of jobs.

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Table 4 Rank by Total Employment Change 2012 – 2022 Source: Pennsylvania Center for Workforce Information and Analysis

Pennsylvania

Rank Code Occupation Employment Change

Percentage Change

000000 Total, All 467,940 7.74%

1 290000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 59,490 16.47% 2 350000 Food Preparation & Serving Related 40,090 8.45% 3 310000 Healthcare Support 38,530 18.83% 4 390000 Personal Care & Service 38,250 15.75% 5 530000 Transportation & Material Moving 38,050 9.16%


18 510000 Production 7,400 1.80%

19 230000 Legal 5,510 11.47% 20 190000 Life, Physical & Social Science 4,660 9.65% 21 270000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 3,940 4.42% 22 450000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry -750 -1.53%


Pennsylvania Rank Code Occupation Percentage

Change Employment

Change

00-

0000 Total, All Occupations 7.74% 467,940

1 310000 Healthcare Support 18.83% 38,530 2 150000 Computer & Mathematical 16.77% 22,860 3 290000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 16.47% 59,490 4 390000 Personal Care & Service 15.75% 38,250 5 470000 Construction & Extraction 14.27% 37,280

Top 5 as a % of Total Employment

42%

18 270000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 4.42% 3,940 19 430000 Office & Administrative Support 2.84% 27,680 20 410000 Sales & Related 2.37% 14,880 21 510000 Production 1.80% 7,400 22 450000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry -1.53% -750

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Workforce Investment Areas

Pennsylvania’s workforce development system consists of 22 WIAs whose main objectives are to assist

individuals looking for work, help employers fill job-vacancies, and coordinate education and training to

provide the necessary skills for workers.

WDBs are regional entities created to implement the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act, which

authorizes and funds employment and training programs.

WIAs are classified as rural, urban or mixed based on population density and consistent with the Center

for Rural Pennsylvania’s county designations as either rural or urban. The seven rural WIAs consist of

rural counties, the 10 urban WIAs include urban counties and the five mixed WIAs contain some rural

and some urban counties.

In 2012, the average population density in rural WIAs was 97 people per square mile, in urban WIAs the

population density was 1,210, and in mixed WIAs, the population density was230 per square mile. Given

that the state average population density in Pennsylvania is 284, most of the mixed WIAs (except South

Central) are rural. (For details, see the Appendix ‘Land Area, Population and Population Density 2002-

2022’)

Population density is a significant factor affecting the growth of certain industries and certain

occupations.

The fastest growing industry in rural, urban and mixed WIAs was the Healthcare and Social Assistance

sector, ranked first in terms of projected employment growth. The only exception was Chester County

where Healthcare and Social Assistance ranked a close second to Professional and Technical Services.

Employment in the Construction industry was projected to grow significantly in all WIAs except for

Philadelphia and in the northwest. This is consistent with national trends reflecting future demographic

trends and the gradual recovery of the housing industry.

22

The Accommodations and Food Services sector is identified as one of the top five industries in terms of

employment growth in all WIAs regardless of whether they are rural, urban or mixed. This industry

appeared as a top-five growth industry for both the nation as a whole and Pennsylvania.

Employment in the Mining industry is projected to grow above average in only the northern tier WIA,

reflecting the emergence of the natural gas industry in the Marcellus Shale region of the state. However,

recent trends in the energy markets suggest that future growth may be lower.

Employment in Administrative and Waste Services is projected to grow significantly in urban and mixed

WIAs but not in rural areas.

Transportation and Warehousing employment is expected to grow significantly in rural WIAs but not in

urban and mixed WIAs.

Table 5 presents the fastest employment growth in terms of number of employees. Industries ranked from

1 to 5 for all WIAs in Pennsylvania, classified as mixed, rural and urban.

Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Occupations are projected to grow faster than all other

occupations in both rural and urban Pennsylvania. Healthcare Support Occupations are also projected to

grow rapidly during the 2012-2022 decade. Another fast growing category of occupations is Personal

Care and Support Occupations. This is consistent with the projected significant growth of the Healthcare

Industry.

23

Table 5

Source: Pennsylvania Center for Workforce Information and Analysis

24

Map 1


Construction Occupations are projected to grow at high rates both in terms of percentage growth and

number of jobs in both rural and urban WIAs.

Transportation and Material Moving Occupations are projected to grow in terms of job numbers but not

in terms of percentage annual growth rates and most of this growth is projected to occur in rural and

mixed WIAs rather than urban WIAs.

Computer and Mathematical Occupations are projected to grow in terms of percentages but will not

represent a large number of new jobs.

Community and Social Services Occupations are projected to grow at high percentage annual rates but

not in terms of job numbers.

25

Table 6 presents the fastest growing occupations in terms of numbers for all rural, urban and mixed

WIAs.

Table 6


26

The research findings described previously are based on projections made by BLS and CWIA.

To confirm the above findings, the researchers conducted a survey of local WDBs (a copy of the survey is

included in the Appendix) in the various WIAs, inquiring whether local officials were aware of any

unique regional changes that would significantly affect industry and occupational employment trends in

their areas. These officials were also asked to comment on whether the existing educational and training

facilities in their areas were sufficient to meet the projected future employment growth.

The following section presents an overview of the individual characteristics of all WIAs (in alphabetical

order) and summarizes the interesting responses of the various local WDB officials.

Berks

The Berks County WIA consists of only one county (Berks), and it is located in the southeast part of

Pennsylvania. Berks had a population of 413,491 in 2012 and a population density of 483 people per

square mile and it is classified as an urban WIA. The average entry level wage during 2014 was $20,690.

The projected employment growth for 2012-2022 is 15,010 or 8.5 percent for the decade. The largest

gains in employment are predicted to be in Healthcare and Social Assistance (5,230), Construction

(1,570), Administrative and Waste Services (1,320) and Educational Services (1,030).

The fastest growing occupations in Berks are expected to be Healthcare Practitioners and Technical

Occupations, Transportation and Material Moving Occupations, Construction and Extraction

Occupations, Office and Administrative Support Occupations and Healthcare Support Occupations.

Local experts agree with the expected CWIA projections except for Transportation and Healthcare

Support Occupations, which they feel will grow at higher rates. Local officials believe that the existing

education and training infrastructure is excellent and will be able to meet the educational needs of the

projected future employment growth.

Tables 7 and 8 show the fastest five growing industry employment sectors and occupations and also the

bottom five.

27

Table 7


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Berks


Percentage Change


1 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 5,230 20.2% 2 23 Construction 1,570 24.3% 3 56 Administrative & Waste Services 1,320 15.4% 4 61 Educational Services 1,030 7.0% 5 44-45 Retail Trade 900 4.7%


15 22 Utilities 40 5.0% 16 55 Management of Companies & Enterprises -10 -0.2% 17 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting -10 -0.5% 18 99 Government -170 -2.2% 19 51 Information -200 -15.5% 20 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction N/A N/A

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Berks


Employment Change


1 23 Construction 24.3% 1,570 2 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 20.2% 5,230 3 56 Administrative & Waste Services 15.4% 1,320 4 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 15.3% 710 5 71 Arts, Entertainment & Recreation 14.6% 330


15 31-33 Manufacturing 2.8% 820 16 55 Management of Companies & Enterprises -0.2% -10 17 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting -0.5% -10 18 99 Government -2.2% -170 19 51 Information -15.5% -200 20 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction N/A N/A

WIA - Berks Industry Sectors


Percentage Change

TOTAL ALL INDUSTRIES 176,770 191,780 15,010 8.5%

GOODS-PRODUCING 38,600 41,070 2,470 6.4% SERVICES-PROVIDING 128,850 141,240 12,390 9.6%

Self-Employed Workers 8,660 8,800 140 1.6% Unpaid Family Workers 660 670 10 1.5%

28

Table 8


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Berks

Rank Code Occupational Title Employment Change

Percentage Change

00-0000 Total, All Occupations 15,010 8.5%

1 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 2,150 20.3% 2 53-0000 Transportation & Material Moving Occupations 1,600 11.5% 3 47-0000 Construction & Extraction Occupations 1,210 17.7% 4 43-0000 Office & Administrative Support Occupations 1,170 4.3% 5 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 1,080 18.8%


18 33-0000 Protective Service Occupations 150 6.5% 19 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 130 6.1% 20 19-0000 Life, Physical & Social Science Occupations 120 14.3% 21 23-0000 Legal Occupations 90 10.2% 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -20 -1.1%

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Berks

Rank Code Occupational Title Percentage Change

Employment Change

00-0000 Total, All Occupations 8.5% 15,010

1 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 20.3% 2,150 2 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 18.8% 1,080 3 47-0000 Construction & Extraction Occupations 17.7% 1,210 4 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 15.3% 930 5 19-0000 Life, Physical & Social Science Occupations 14.3% 120


18 11-0000 Management Occupations 4.9% 350 19 41-0000 Sales & Related Occupations 4.3% 790 20 43-0000 Office & Administrative Support Occupations 4.3% 1,170 21 51-0000 Production Occupations 3.1% 620 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -1.1% -20

29

Bucks

Bucks County WIA is located in the southeast part of the state. With a population of 627,053 and a

population density of 1,038 in 2012, it is considered to be an urban area. The average entry level wage

during 2014 was $20,950. Total employment in the Bucks WIA is expected to grow by 8.5 percent

during the 2012-2022 decade and the fastest growing industries are Healthcare and Social Assistance,

Administrative and Waste Services, Construction and Professional and Technical Services. These four

sectors are projected to produce about 70 percent of all new jobs created during the decade.

Local labor market experts expect higher than projected growth in Professional and Technical Services,

Manufacturing and Life, Physical and Social Science Occupations.

Tables 9 and 10 present the five sectors that are expected to produce the highest employment growth in

Bucks and the five fastest growing occupations as well as the bottom five industries and occupations.

30

Table 9


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Bucks


Percentage Change


1 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 8,150 19.8% 2 56 Administrative & Waste Services 3,110 23.8% 3 23 Construction 2,840 21.5% 4 54 Professional & Technical Services 2,670 19.0% 5 72 Accommodation & Food Services 1,850 9.3%


14 42 Wholesale Trade 280 2.1% 15 53 Real Estate & Rental & Leasing 270 10.7% 16 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 0 0.0 17 51 Information -220 -4.4% 18 31-33 Manufacturing -540 -2.0% 19 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction N/A N/A 20 22 Utilities N/A N/A

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Bucks


Employment Change


1 56 Administrative & Waste Services 23.8% 3,110 2 23 Construction 21.5% 2,840 3 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 19.8% 8,150 4 54 Professional & Technical Services 19.0% 2,670 5 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 11.3% 710


14 42 Wholesale Trade 2.1% 280 15 44-45 Retail Trade 1.4% 510 16 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 0.0% 0 17 31-33 Manufacturing -2.0% -540 18 51 Information -4.4% -220 19 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction N/A N/A 20 22 Utilities N/A N/A

WIA - Bucks Industry Sectors


Percentage Change




31

Table 10


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Bucks


Percentage Change


1 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 2,940 18.7% 2 47-0000 Construction & Extraction Occupations 2,330 17.7% 3 35-0000 Food Preparation & Serving Related Occupations 2,290 10.3% 4 37-0000 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance Occupations 2,220 19.9% 5 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 2,060 14.0%


18 19-0000 Life, Physical & Social Science Occupations 200 11.6% 19 23-0000 Legal Occupations 170 11.3% 20 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 120 3.3% 21 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -10 -1.2% 22 51-0000 Production Occupations -230 -1.2%

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Bucks


Percentage Change


1 15-0000 Computer & Mathematical Occupations 23.1% 850 2 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 21.8% 1,910 3 37-0000 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance Occupations 19.9% 2,220 4 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 18.7% 2,940 5 47-0000 Construction & Extraction Occupations 17.7% 2,330


18 43-0000 Office & Administrative Support Occupations 4.1% 1,800 19 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 3.3% 120 20 41-0000 Sales & Related Occupations 2.1% 750 21 51-0000 Production Occupations -1.2% -230 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -1.2% -10

32

Central

Central WIA is located in the middle of Pennsylvania and consists of nine rural counties: Centre, Clinton,

Columbia, Lycoming, Mifflin, Montour, Northumberland, Snyder and Union. Central is the largest WIA

in area, with 5,354 square miles. It had a population of 622,924 in 2012, and a population density of 116

people per square mile. The average entry level wage during 2014 was $19,660. Total employment of

Central is expected to grow by 7.9 percent during the 2012-2022 decade. Three sectors in the area are

expected to grow faster than average: Construction 21.9 percent, Healthcare and Social Assistance 19.7

percent and Transportation and Warehousing 17.9 percent. The fastest growing occupations in the area

are: Healthcare Practitioners and Technical, Construction and Personal Care and Service.

Local Workforce Development officials agreed with industry and occupational employment projections

but indicate that the Construction industry in the area will grow at higher than projected rates and the

local demand for manufacturing jobs will be greater than expected because of anticipated retirements and

the resulting need for replacements.

Tables 11 and 12 present the top five projected employment growth industries and the top five projected

occupations, as well as the bottom five industries and occupations for Central.

33

Table 11


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Central


Percentage Change


1 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 7,900 19.7% 2 23 Construction 2,200 21.9% 3 61 Educational Services 2,010 5.6% 4 72 Accommodation & Food Services 1,620 7.7% 5 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 1,530 17.9%


15 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 0 0.0% 16 51 Information -20 -0.7% 17 99 Government -20 -0.1% 18 52 Finance & Insurance -60 -1.1% 19 31-33 Manufacturing -600 -1.8% 20 55 Management of Companies & Enterprises N/A N/A

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Central


Employment Change


1 23 Construction 21.9% 2,200 2 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 19.7% 7,900 3 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 17.9% 1,530 4 54 Professional & Technical Services 16.6% 1,210 5 56 Administrative & Waste Services 950 14.0%


15 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 0.0% 0 16 99 Government -0.1% -20 17 51 Information -0.7% -20 18 52 Finance & Insurance -1.1% -60 19 31-33 Manufacturing -1.8% -600 20 55 Management of Companies & Enterprises N/A N/A

WIA - Central Industry Sectors


Percentage Change



Self-Employed Workers 16,790 17,030 240 1.4% Unpaid Family Workers 580 540 -40 -6.9%

Total 277,450 296,950 19,500

34

Table 12


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Central


Percentage Change


1 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 2,340 14.4% 2 47-0000 Construction & Extraction Occupations 2,110 15.3% 3 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 2,030 19.2% 4 35-0000 Food Preparation & Serving Related Occupations 1,950 8.2% 5 53-0000 Transportation & Material Moving Occupations 1,750 8.9%


18 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 140 3.1% 19 23-0000 Legal Occupations 80 8.4% 20 19-0000 Life, Physical & Social Science Occupations 50 3.9% 21 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -150 -2.5% 22 51-0000 Production Occupations -320 -1.4%

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Central


Employment Change


1 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 19.2% 2,030 2 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 18.9% 1,580 3 47-0000 Construction & Extraction Occupations 15.3% 2,110 4 15-0000 Computer & Mathematical Occupations 15.1% 470 5 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 14.4% 2,340


18 43-0000 Office & Administrative Support Occupations 3.1% 1,230 19 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 3.1% 140 20 41-0000 Sales & Related Occupations 1.3% 340 21 51-0000 Production Occupations -1.4% -320 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -2.5% -150

35

Chester

The Chester WIA is located in the southeast corner of Pennsylvania and it consists of Chester County. It

is an urban area with a population of 506,575 in 2012 and a population density of 675 people per square

mile. Total employment is projected to grow by 10.4 percent during the 2012-2022 decade. The average

entry level wage during 2014 was $22,280. The fastest growing industries are: Administrative and Waste

Services 27.1 percent, Professional and Technical Services 26.4 percent, Construction 24.6 percent, and

Healthcare and Social Assistance and Accommodation and Food Services 13.6 percent during the next

decade.

The fastest growing occupations in the area are Computer and Mathematical, Healthcare Practitioners and

Technical, Business and Financial Operations and Food Preparation and Serving Related. Tables 13 and

14 summarize the five fastest growing industries and occupations in Chester and the five slowest growing

and declining.

The Local Workforce Development Board expects the relatively high growth of Chester to continue and

confirms that the Center for Workforce Information and Analysis projections are correct.

36

Table 13


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Chester


Percentage Change


1 54 Professional & Technical Services 6,540 26.4% 2 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 5,880 20.1% 3 56 Administrative & Waste Services 2,980 27.1% 4 23 Construction 2,240 24.6% 5 72 Accommodation & Food Services 1,980 13.6%


16 99 Government 40 0.4% 17 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction 30 23.1% 18 22 Utilities 0 0.0% 19 51 Information -70 -1.4% 20 31-33 Manufacturing -710 -3.7%

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Chester


Employment Change


1 56 Administrative & Waste Services 27.1% 2,980 2 54 Professional & Technical Services 26.4% 6,540 3 23 Construction 24.6% 2,240 4 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction 23.1% 30 5 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 20.1% 5,880


16 44-45 Retail Trade 3.2% 870 17 99 Government 0.4% 40 18 22 Utilities 0.0% 0 19 51 Information -1.4% -70 20 31-33 Manufacturing -3.7% -710

WIA - Chester Industry Sectors


Percentage Change




Total 252,150 278,410 26,260

37

Table 14


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Chester


Percentage Change


1 15-0000 Computer & Mathematical Occupations 2,690 20.7% 2 13-0000 Business & Financial Operations Occupations 2,480 15.1% 3 35-0000 Food Preparation & Serving Related Occupations 2,330 13.4% 4 43-0000 Office & Administrative Support Occupations 2,300 5.2% 5 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 2,060 18.0%


18 51-0000 Production Occupations 410 3.1% 19 23-0000 Legal Occupations 320 14.6% 20 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 280 6.6% 21 33-0000 Protective Service Occupations 270 10.6% 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations 40 2.1%

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Chester


Employment Change


1 15-0000 Computer & Mathematical Occupations 20.7% 2,690 2 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 20.4% 1,270 3 19-0000 Life, Physical & Social Science Occupations 19.2% 490 4 47-0000 Construction & Extraction Occupations 18.4% 1,740 5 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 18.0% 2,060


18 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 6.6% 280 19 43-0000 Office & Administrative Support Occupations 5.2% 2,300 20 41-0000 Sales & Related Occupations 3.9% 1,070 21 51-0000 Production Occupations 3.1% 410 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations 2.1% 40

38

Delaware

The Delaware WIA consists of Delaware County, which is part of the greater Philadelphia metropolitan

region. Its population in 2012 was 561,098. It is a densely populated area with 3,052 people per square

mile and the employment of the region is expected to grow by 7.5 percent during the 2012-2022 decade.

The average entry level wage during 2014 was $21,490.

The fastest growing industries are Healthcare and Social Assistance and Construction. Both industries are

projected to experience employment growth above 20 percent for the decade. The fastest growing

occupations are Healthcare Practitioners and Technical, Healthcare Support and Construction.

The top five and bottom five industries and occupations are listed and their growth rates are presented

both in percentages and number of jobs in Tables 15 and 16.

39

Table 15


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Delaware


Percentage Change


1 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 7,890 20.4% 2 23 Construction 1,810 20.1% 3 54 Professional & Technical Services 1,680 14.2% 4 56 Administrative & Waste Services 1,600 13.9% 5 72 Accommodation & Food Services 1,000 6.5%


14 71 Arts, Entertainment & Recreation 130 2.8% 15 31-33 Manufacturing 100 0.6% 16 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting -40 -44.4% 17 99 Government -190 -1.6% 18 51 Information -240 -9.5% 19 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction N/A N/A 20 22 Utilities N/A N/A

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Delaware


Employment Change


1 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 20.4% 7,890 2 23 Construction 20.1% 1,810 3 54 Professional & Technical Services 14.2% 1,680 4 56 Administrative & Waste Services 13.9% 1,600 5 53 Real Estate & Rental & Leasing 8.1% 200


14 61 Educational Services 1.6% 380 15 31-33 Manufacturing 0.6% 100 16 99 Government -1.6% -190 17 51 Information -9.5% -240 18 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting -44.4% -40 19 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction N/A N/A 20 22 Utilities N/A N/A

WIA - Delaware Industry Sectors


Percentage Change




Total 229,250 246,500 17,250

40

Table 16


Rank by Total Employment Change

WIA - Delaware


Percentage Change


1 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 2,510 16.7% 2 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 1,890 21.5% 3 13-0000 Business & Financial Operations Occupations 1,570 12.0% 4 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 1,560 12.8% 5 47-0000 Construction & Extraction Occupations 1,510 16.6%


18 23-0000 Legal Occupations 160 9.2% 19 17-0000 Architecture & Engineering Occupations 130 3.6% 20 19-0000 Life, Physical & Social Science Occupations 120 9.1% 21 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 80 2.7% 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -30 -30.0%

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Delaware


Employment Change


1 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 21.5% 1,890 2 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 16.7% 2,510 3 47-0000 Construction & Extraction Occupations 16.6% 1,510 4 21-0000 Community & Social Services Occupations 14.0% 910 5 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 12.8% 1,560


18 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 2.7% 80 19 51-0000 Production Occupations 2.6% 250 20 43-0000 Office & Administrative Support Occupations 2.4% 870 21 41-0000 Sales & Related Occupations 1.6% 410 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -30.0% -30

41

Lackawanna

Lackawanna WIA is located in northeast Pennsylvania and consists of Lackawanna County, an urban area

with a population of 214,477, and a population density of 467 people per square mile in 2012. The

average entry level wage during 2014 was $19,850. The employment of the area is expected to grow at a

higher than average rate (9.3 percent) over the 2012-2022 decade.

The greatest gains in employment are expected to be in the Construction industry, the Healthcare and

Social Assistance sector, Transportation and Warehousing and Administrative and Waste Services.

Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Occupations and Personal Care and Service are the projected

fastest growing occupations in Lackawanna during 2012-2022.

Lackawanna Workforce Development officials have similar expectations regarding the growth industries

and occupations but they expect the Healthcare and Construction sectors to grow at higher rates than the

CWIA estimates.

Tables 17 and 18 show the fastest growing industries and occupations of the region and also the five

industries and occupations that are projected to experience the lowest growth rates during the 2012-2022

decade.

42

Table 17


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Lackawanna


Percentage Change


1 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 3,640 19.4% 2 72 Accommodation & Food Services 1,110 13.8% 3 56 Administrative & Waste Services 960 18.6% 4 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 750 17.3% 5 23 Construction 740 22.5%


14 53 Real Estate & Rental & Leasing 80 12.1% 15 44-45 Retail Trade 30 0.2% 16 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting -20 -4.3% 17 31-33 Manufacturing -50 -0.5% 18 51 Information -100 -6.2% 19 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction N/A N/A 20 22 Utilities N/A N/A

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Lackawanna


Employment Change


1 23 Construction 22.5% 740 2 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 19.4% 3,640 3 56 Administrative & Waste Services 18.6% 960 4 71 Arts, Entertainment & Recreation 17.6% 180 5 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 17.3% 750


14 99 Government 3.1% 190 15 44-45 Retail Trade 0.2% 30 16 31-33 Manufacturing -0.5% -50 17 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting -4.3% -20 18 51 Information -6.2% -100 19 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction N/A N/A 20 22 Utilities N/A N/A

WIA - Lackawanna Industry Sectors


Percentage Change


GOODS-PRODUCING 13,220 13,900 680 5.1% SERVICES-PROVIDING 85,180 93,890 8,710 10.2%


Total 102,610 112,130 9,520

43

Table 18


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Lackawanna


Percentage Change


1 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 1,370 18.1% 2 35-0000 Food Preparation & Serving Related Occupations 1,320 15.5% 3 53-0000 Transportation & Material Moving Occupations 880 11.1% 4 43-0000 Office & Administrative Support Occupations 850 4.8% 5 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 720 16.7%


16 23-0000 Legal Occupations 140 18.9% 17 17-0000 Architecture & Engineering Occupations 130 11.1% 18 33-0000 Protective Service Occupations 120 7.5% 19 41-0000 Sales & Related Occupations 70 0.6% 20 19-0000 Life, Physical & Social Science Occupations 40 25.0% 21 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 30 2.5% 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -10 0.0%

NOTE: 190000 and 450000

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Lackawanna


Employment Change


1 19-0000 Life, Physical & Social Science Occupations 25.0% 40 2 23-0000 Legal Occupations 18.9% 140 3 47-0000 Construction & Extraction Occupations 18.4% 680 4 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 18.1% 1,370 5 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 17.3% 680 6 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 16.7% 720

Top 6 as a % of Total Employment** 38.2%

17 43-0000 Office & Administrative Support Occupations 4.8% 850 18 25-0000 Education, Training & Library Occupations 3.5% 210 19 51-0000 Production Occupations 2.7% 190 20 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 2.5% 30 21 41-0000 Sales & Related Occupations 0.6% 70 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations 0.0% -10

NOTE: 190000 and 450000

44

Lancaster

The Lancaster WIA consists of Lancaster County, an urban area with a population of 526,823 in 2012 and

a population density of 558 people per square mile. Employment growth is projected to be 7.8 percent for

2012-2022. Lancaster is located in the south central part of the state, west of the Philadelphia

metropolitan region. The average entry level wage during 2014 was $20,320.

The fastest growth in employment is projected to be in Transportation and Warehousing, Construction

and the Healthcare and Social Assistance sectors and the fastest growing occupations are those associated

with the fastest growing sectors: Transportation and Material Moving Occupations, Healthcare

Practitioners and Technical Occupations and Construction Occupations.

Feedback received from the local WIB showed concern that the local College of Technology will be

under increased strain to meet the workforce needs of not only the growth but also the replacement of

jobs. To address this issue, the tables in the Appendix titled ‘Annual Projected Employment Change Due

To Growth & Replacement, 2012-2022’ show the job growth as well job replacement. Tables 19 and 20

provide a list of the five fastest and five slowest growing industries and occupations for the Lancaster

WIA for 2012-2022.

45

Table 19


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Lancaster


Percentage Change


1 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 6,610 19.2% 2 23 Construction 2,660 19.3% 3 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 1,970 21.0% 4 56 Administrative & Waste Services 1,540 18.0% 5 72 Accommodation & Food Services 1,520 8.2%


16 52 Finance & Insurance 20 0.3% 17 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 10 0.2% 18 22 Utilities 0 0.0% 19 31-33 Manufacturing -10 0.0% 20 99 Government -250 -3.5%

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Lancaster


Employment Change


1 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 21.0% 1,970 2 23 Construction 19.3% 2,660 3 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 19.2% 6,610 4 56 Administrative & Waste Services 18.0% 1,540 5 71 Arts, Entertainment & Recreation 11.9% 430


16 52 Finance & Insurance 0.3% 20 17 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 0.2% 10 18 22 Utilities 0.0% 0 19 31-33 Manufacturing 0.0% -10 20 99 Government -3.5% -250

WIA - Lancaster Industry Sectors


Percentage Change




46

Table 20



WIA - Lancaster


Percentage Change


1 53-0000 Transportation & Material Moving Occupations 2,400 11.4% 2 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 2,310 18.5% 3 47-0000 Construction & Extraction Occupations 2,300 16.2% 4 35-0000 Food Preparation & Serving Related Occupations 1,960 9.8% 5 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 1,510 17.8%


18 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 220 5.5% 19 33-0000 Protective Service Occupations 140 6.6% 20 19-0000 Life, Physical & Social Science Occupations 120 11.5% 21 23-0000 Legal Occupations 110 11.1% 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -60 -1.4%

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Lancaster


Employment Change


1 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 18.5% 2,310 2 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 17.8% 1,510 3 47-0000 Construction & Extraction Occupations 16.2% 2,300 4 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 15.7% 1,360 5 15-0000 Computer & Mathematical Occupations 12.8% 330


18 43-0000 Office & Administrative Support Occupations 3.6% 1,310 19 41-0000 Sales & Related Occupations 3.4% 980 20 11-0000 Management Occupations 2.2% 280 21 51-0000 Production Occupations 1.6% 400 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -1.4% -60

47

Lehigh Valley

The Lehigh Valley WIA consists of Lehigh and Northampton counties and is considered an urban area

with a population of 654,512 in 2012, and a population density of 1,839 people per square mile. The

average entry level wage during 2014 was $20,790. Lehigh Valley is located in the east central part of

Pennsylvania and has a higher than average growth area whose employment is projected to increase by

8.3 percent in 2012-2022.

The fastest growing sectors in Lehigh Valley are: Healthcare and Social Assistance, Administrative and

Waste Services, Accommodation and Food Services, Transportation and Warehousing, and Construction.

The fastest growing occupations are Healthcare Practitioners and Technical, Healthcare Support, Food

Preparation and Serving, and Transportation and Material Moving.

Tables 21 and 22 present the growth rates of the five fastest growing industries and occupations and the

five industries and occupations that are projected to grow at very low or negative rates during the decade

2012-2022.

48

Table 21


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Lehigh Valley


Percentage Change


1 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 8,650 17.9% 2 56 Administrative & Waste Services 4,000 21.4% 3 72 Accommodation & Food Services 2,410 11.3% 4 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 2,000 12.7% 5 23 Construction 1,920 20.4%


15 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 0 0.0% 16 22 Utilities -50 -5.5% 17 99 Government -160 -1.1% 18 51 Information -330 -8.0% 19 31-33 Manufacturing -340 -1.2% 20 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction N/A N/A

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Lehigh Valley


Employment Change


1 56 Administrative & Waste Services 21.4% 4,000 2 23 Construction 20.4% 1,920 3 54 Professional & Technical Services 18.3% 1,920 4 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 17.9% 8,650 5 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 12.7% 2,000


15 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 0.0% 0 16 99 Government -1.1% -160 17 31-33 Manufacturing -1.2% -340 18 22 Utilities -5.5% -50 19 51 Information -8.0% -330 20 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction N/A N/A

WIA - Lehigh Valley Industry Sectors


Percentage Change




49

Table 22


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Lehigh Valley


Percentage Change


1 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 3,480 17.0% 2 35-0000 Food Preparation & Serving Related Occupations 2,640 11.4% 3 53-0000 Transportation & Material Moving Occupations 2,450 10.1% 4 43-0000 Office & Administrative Support Occupations 1,780 3.5% 5 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 1,760 15.8%


18 33-0000 Protective Service Occupations 380 7.2% 19 19-0000 Life, Physical & Social Science Occupations 260 14.0% 20 23-0000 Legal Occupations 200 12.9% 21 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 190 4.8% 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -20 -2.6%

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Lehigh Valley


Employment Change


1 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 17.0% 3,480 2 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 15.8% 1,760 3 47-0000 Construction & Extraction Occupations 15.7% 1,700 4 19-0000 Life, Physical & Social Science Occupations 14.0% 260 5 15-0000 Computer & Mathematical Occupations 13.8% 830


18 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 4.8% 190 19 43-0000 Office & Administrative Support Occupations 3.5% 1,780 20 51-0000 Production Occupations 2.6% 560 21 41-0000 Sales & Related Occupations 1.8% 540 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -2.6% -20

50

Luzerne-Schuylkill

The Luzerne-Schuylkill WIA consists of urban Luzerne County and adjacent rural Schuylkill County,

both located in northeast Pennsylvania, with a combined total population of 468,090 in 2012 and a

population density of 280 people per square mile. The average entry level wage during 2014 was $19,640.

Employment in the WIA is projected to increase by 7.7 percent during the 2012-2022 period.

The fastest growing industries in the area are Healthcare and Social Assistance, Administrative and Waste

Services, Transportation and Warehousing Services, and Construction.

Employment growth in these four industries will contribute about 90 percent of the total employment

growth of the area in 2012-2022.

The fastest and slowest growing industries and occupations and their growth rates are presented in Tables

23 and 24.

The fastest growing occupations in the area are: Healthcare Practitioners and Technical, Healthcare

Support, Personal Care and Service, Construction and Extraction, and Transportation and Material

Moving.

51

Table 23


52

Table 24


53

Montgomery

The Montgomery WIA is an urban area consisting of Montgomery County, which is adjacent to the

Philadelphia WIA. It had a population of 808,640 in 2012 and a population density of 1,674 people per

square mile. Total area employment is projected to grow at a faster than average rate of 8.1 percent for

2012-2022. The average entry level wage during 2014 was $22,000. The industries that will contribute

the greatest number of jobs during the decade are Healthcare and Social Assistance, Professional and

Technical Services, Administrative and Waste Services, Construction, and Finance and Insurance.

The fastest growing occupations in the area are: Business and Financial, Healthcare Practitioners and

Technical, Computer and Mathematical, Office and Administrative Support, and Construction.

The growth rates of the fastest and slowest industries and occupations for Montgomery County during

2012-2022 are presented in Tables 25 and 26.

54

Table 25


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Montgomery


Percentage Change


1 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 11,140 16.6% 2 54 Professional & Technical Services 8,670 16.6% 3 56 Administrative & Waste Services 4,400 13.9% 4 23 Construction 3,330 16.7% 5 52 Finance & Insurance 3,000 8.9%


15 99 Government 50 0.3% 16 22 Utilities 0 0.0% 17 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting -10 -1.4% 18 51 Information -210 -1.8% 19 31-33 Manufacturing -1,230 -2.9% 20 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction N/A N/A

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Montgomery


Employment Change


1 55 Management of Companies & Enterprises 18.7% 2,340 2 23 Construction 16.7% 3,330 3 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 16.6% 11,140 4 54 Professional & Technical Services 16.6% 8,670 5 56 Administrative & Waste Services 13.9% 4,400


15 99 Government 0.3% 50 16 22 Utilities 0.0% 0 17 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting -1.4% -10 18 51 Information -1.8% -210 19 31-33 Manufacturing -2.9% -1,230 20 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction N/A N/A

WIA - Montgomery Industry Sectors


Percentage Change




55

Table 26


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Montgomery


Percentage Change


1 13-0000 Business & Financial Operations Occupations 4,580 13.8% 2 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 4,130 15.5% 3 15-0000 Computer & Mathematical Occupations 3,580 18.1% 4 43-0000 Office & Administrative Support Occupations 3,240 3.7% 5 47-0000 Construction & Extraction Occupations 2,700 14.5%


18 33-0000 Protective Service Occupations 620 7.1% 19 23-0000 Legal Occupations 540 14.8% 20 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 420 4.6% 21 51-0000 Production Occupations 200 0.8% 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -20 -2.8%

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Montgomery


Employment Change


1 15-0000 Computer & Mathematical Occupations 18.1% 3,580 2 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 17.3% 2,550 3 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 15.5% 4,130 4 23-0000 Legal Occupations 14.8% 540 5 47-0000 Construction & Extraction Occupations 14.5% 2,700


18 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 4.6% 420 19 43-0000 Office & Administrative Support Occupations 3.7% 3,240 20 41-0000 Sales & Related Occupations 2.2% 1,350 21 51-0000 Production Occupations 0.8% 200 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -2.8% -20

56

North Central

The North Central WIA consists of six rural counties: Cameron, Clearfield, Elk, Jefferson, McKean and

Potter, which are in the northern part of the state. This area had a population of 223,141 in 2012, and had

the lowest population density of 44 people per square mile. The average entry level wage during 2014

was $18,680.

The fastest growing industries are Healthcare and Social Assistance, and Transportation and

Warehousing. These two industries are projected to create 4,980 new jobs during the 2012-2022 decade,

accounting for 73 percent of the total employment growth during this period. Other industries expected to

generate significant growth in employment are Construction, Accommodation and Food Services, and

Manufacturing.

The fastest growing occupations are: Healthcare Practitioners and Technical, Healthcare Support,

Personal Care and Service, Transportation and Material Moving, Construction, and Extraction.

The highest employment growth sectors and the fastest growing occupations in the North Central WIA

are presented in Tables 27 and 28. Also shown in the same table are the sectors whose employment is

projected to decline and the five lowest growth occupations.

57

Table 27


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - North Central


Percentage Change


1 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 3,980 25.1% 2 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 1,000 20.4% 3 72 Accommodation & Food Services 380 6.9% 4 31-33 Manufacturing 370 2.1% 5 23 Construction 360 14.2%


16 22 Utilities -30 -7.1% 17 52 Finance & Insurance -50 -2.9% 18 51 Information -100 -9.3% 19 61 Educational Services -130 -2.0% 20 99 Government -180 -2.8%

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - North Central


Employment Change


1 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 25.1% 3,980 2 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 20.4% 1,000 3 71 Arts, Entertainment & Recreation 16.7% 80 4 53 Real Estate & Rental & Leasing 14.6% 70 5 23 Construction 14.2% 360


16 61 Educational Services -2.0% -130 17 99 Government -2.8% -180 18 52 Finance & Insurance -2.9% -50 19 22 Utilities -7.1% -30 20 51 Information -9.3% -100

WIA - North Central Industry Sectors


Percentage Change




Total 96,200 103,050 6,850

58

Table 28


Rank Code Occupational TitleEmployment

ChangePercentage

Change


1 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 1,210 21.2%2 53-0000 Transportation & Material Moving Occupations 970 10.3%3 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 940 25.4%4 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 750 23.3%5 47-0000 Construction & Extraction Occupations 530 9.8%


16 15-0000 Computer & Mathematical Occupations 50 10.6%17 33-0000 Protective Service Occupations 20 1.4%18 19-0000 Life, Physical & Social Science Occupations 20 6.7%19 41-0000 Sales & Related Occupations 10 0.1%20 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations -20 -2.5%21 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -50 -3.0%22 23-0000 Legal Occupations Category Does Not Exist for North Central N/A N/A

Rank Code Occupational TitlePercentage

ChangeEmployment

Change


1 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 25.4% 9402 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 23.3% 7503 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 21.2% 1,2104 21-0000 Community & Social Services Occupations 17.4% 3505 15-0000 Computer & Mathematical Occupations 10.6% 50


17 51-0000 Production Occupations 1.3% 16018 25-0000 Education, Training & Library Occupations 1.0% 5019 41-0000 Sales & Related Occupations 0.1% 1020 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations -2.5% -2021 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -3.0% -5022 23-0000 Legal Occupations Category Does Not Exist for North Central N/A N/A

WIA - North Central

Projected Employment Change and % Change in Employment 2012-2022

Rank by Total Employment ChangeWIA - North Central


59

Northern Tier

The Northern Tier WIA consists of five rural counties: Bradford, Sullivan, Susquehanna, Tioga and

Wyoming. The area had a population of 182,651 in 2012, and a very low population density of 46 people

per square mile. The average entry level wage during 2014 was $19,020.

Employment in the Northern Tier is projected to increase by 8.6 percent during the 2012-2022 period and

the fastest growth is expected to occur in the Healthcare and Social Assistance sector.

The area has benefited from the growth of the Mining, Quarrying and Oil and Gas Extraction Industry,

which is projected to experience 11.5 percent growth in employment during the decade.

Other high growth industries are Professional and Technical Services, Transportation and Warehousing,

and Construction.

The five fastest growing occupations are: Healthcare Practitioners and Technical, Construction and

Extraction, Transportation and Material Moving, Personal Care and Service, and Healthcare Support.

The five top and five bottom industries and occupations are listed in Tables 29 and 30.

60

Table 29


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Northern Tier


Percentage Change


1 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 2,880 29.3% 2 23 Construction 560 22.3% 3 54 Professional & Technical Services 440 30.1% 4 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 410 13.2% 5 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction 330 11.5%


14 99 Government 10 0.2% 15 22 Utilities 0 0.0% 16 61 Educational Services 0 0.0% 17 52 Finance & Insurance -40 -2.9% 18 51 Information -60 -9.5% 19 55 Management of Companies & Enterprises N/A N/A 20 56 Administrative & Waste Services N/A N/A

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Northern Tier


Employment Change


1 54 Professional & Technical Services 30.1% 440 2 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 29.3% 2,880 3 23 Construction 22.3% 560 4 53 Real Estate & Rental & Leasing 21.7% 180 5 71 Arts, Entertainment & Recreation 16.4% 90


14 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 0.2% 10 15 22 Utilities 0.0% 0 16 61 Educational Services 0.0% 0 17 52 Finance & Insurance -2.9% -40 18 51 Information -9.5% -60 19 55 Management of Companies & Enterprises N/A N/A 20 56 Administrative & Waste Services N/A N/A

WIA - Northern Tier Industry Sectors


Percentage Change




Total 70,580 76,630 6,050

61

Table 30


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Northern Tier


Percentage Change


1 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 740 21.5% 2 47-0000 Construction & Extraction Occupations 700 13.8% 3 53-0000 Transportation & Material Moving Occupations 620 9.4% 4 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 600 25.2% 5 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 580 27.0%


18 41-0000 Sales & Related Occupations 50 0.8% 19 19-0000 Life, Physical & Social Science Occupations 50 12.2% 20 11-0000 Management Occupations 30 0.7% 21 23-0000 Legal Occupations 30 10.3% 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -60 -1.9%

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Northern Tier


Employment Change


1 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 27.0% 580 2 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 25.2% 600 3 21-0000 Community & Social Services Occupations 22.2% 280 4 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 21.5% 740 5 13-0000 Business & Financial Operations Occupations 15.3% 300


18 25-0000 Education, Training & Library Occupations 3.0% 110 19 51-0000 Production Occupations 2.9% 190 20 41-0000 Sales & Related Occupations 0.8% 50 21 11-0000 Management Occupations 0.7% 30 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -1.9% -60

62

Northwest

The Northwest WIA consists of five rural counties and one urban county, with a combined population of

510,975 in 2012, and a population density of 116 people per square mile. The average entry level wage

during 2014 was $18,630. The rural counties are Clarion, Crawford, Forest, Venango and Warren, and

the urban county is Erie.

Total employment for the Northwest WIA is projected to increase by 6.9 percent during the 2012-2022

period, with more than half the growth expected to occur in the Healthcare and Social Assistance sector.

The fastest growing occupations are those associated with the Healthcare sector: Healthcare Practitioners,

Healthcare Support and Personal Care.

The fastest growing industries and occupations are presented in Tables 31 and 32 along with the slowest

five industries and occupations.

63

Table 31


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Northwest


Percentage Change


1 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 8,170 21.3% 2 56 Administrative & Waste Services 1,640 21.3% 3 72 Accommodation & Food Services 1,340 7.9% 4 81 Other Services, Ex. Public Admin 730 6.4% 5 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 620 10.7%


16 52 Finance & Insurance 90 1.3% 17 22 Utilities 60 6.5% 18 61 Educational Services 40 0.2% 19 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 10 0.2% 20 51 Information -10 -0.5%

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Northwest


Employment Change


1 55 Management of Companies & Enterprises 21.8% 410 2 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 21.3% 8,170 3 56 Administrative & Waste Services 21.3% 1,640 4 53 Real Estate & Rental & Leasing 11.2% 160 5 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 10.7% 620


16 44-45 Retail Trade 0.7% 170 17 31-33 Manufacturing 0.6% 240 18 61 Educational Services 0.2% 40 19 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 0.2% 10 20 51 Information -0.5% -10

WIA - Northwest Industry Sectors


Percentage Change




64

Table 32



WIA - Northwest


Percentage Change


1 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 2,430 17.8% 2 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 1,970 20.3% 3 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 1,820 18.9% 4 35-0000 Food Preparation & Serving Related Occupations 1,650 8.1% 5 43-0000 Office & Administrative Support Occupations 1,400 4.2%


18 17-0000 Architecture & Engineering Occupations 120 3.5% 19 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 100 4.0% 20 23-0000 Legal Occupations 70 9.2% 21 19-0000 Life, Physical & Social Science Occupations 30 3.2% 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -20 -0.5%

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Northwest


Employment Change


1 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 20.3% 1,970 2 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 18.9% 1,820 3 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 17.8% 2,430 4 21-0000 Community & Social Services Occupations 14.0% 920 5 15-0000 Computer & Mathematical Occupations 10.5% 200


18 11-0000 Management Occupations 3.0% 310 19 25-0000 Education, Training & Library Occupations 2.9% 390 20 51-0000 Production Occupations 2.3% 600 21 41-0000 Sales & Related Occupations 1.1% 250 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -0.5% -20

65

Philadelphia

The Philadelphia WIA is the most densely populated area in the commonwealth. It is the largest city in

the state, with a population of 1.5 million people and a population density of 11,541 people per square

mile in 2012. The average entry level wage during 2014 was $21,820.

Employment in the Philadelphia WIA is expected to grow by 6.6 percent for the 2012-2022 decade, with

63 percent of growth occurring in the Healthcare and Social Assistance sector. The other fastest growing

industries are Administrative and Waste Services, Accommodation and Food Services, Professional and

Technical Services, and Educational Services. These five sectors are expected to produce 92 percent of

total employment growth.

The fastest growing occupations in Philadelphia are expected to be: Healthcare Practitioners and

Technical, Healthcare Support, Personal Care and Service, Food Preparation and Serving Related, and

Community and Social Services.

The top five and bottom five industries and occupations and their growth rates are presented in Tables 33

and 34.

66

Table 33


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Philadelphia


Percentage Change


1 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 27,080 19.3% 2 56 Administrative & Waste Services 3,530 14.4% 3 72 Accommodation & Food Services 3,500 6.7% 4 54 Professional & Technical Services 3,410 8.1% 5 61 Educational Services 2,480 3.1%


13 52 Finance & Insurance 270 0.9% 14 42 Wholesale Trade 270 1.9% 15 31-33 Manufacturing -880 -3.8% 16 51 Information -950 -8.3% 17 99 Government -4,680 -6.0% 18 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting N/A N/A 19 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction N/A N/A 20 22 Utilities N/A N/A


WIA - Philadelphia


Employment Change


1 23 Construction 19.4% 1,860 2 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 19.3% 27,080 3 55 Management of Companies & Enterprises 14.7% 1,810 4 56 Administrative & Waste Services 14.4% 3,530 5 71 Arts, Entertainment & Recreation 11.9% 1,290


13 42 Wholesale Trade 1.9% 270 14 52 Finance & Insurance 0.9% 270 15 31-33 Manufacturing -3.8% -880 16 99 Government -6.0% -4,680 17 51 Information -8.3% -950 18 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting N/A N/A 19 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction N/A N/A 20 22 Utilities N/A N/A

WIA - Philadelphia Industry Sectors


Percentage Change




Total 661,830 705,260 43,430

67

Table 34


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Philadelphia


Percentage Change


1 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 8,120 16.0% 2 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 6,020 19.1% 3 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 4,500 15.9% 4 35-0000 Food Preparation & Serving Related Occupations 4,090 7.6% 5 21-0000 Community & Social Services Occupations 2,690 12.0%


18 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 370 3.1% 19 17-0000 Architecture & Engineering Occupations 310 3.6% 20 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -20 -5.6% 21 51-0000 Production Occupations -80 -0.3% 22 43-0000 Office & Administrative Support Occupations -340 -0.3%

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Philadelphia


Employment Change


1 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 16.0% 8,120 2 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 19.1% 6,020 3 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 15.9% 4,500 4 35-0000 Food Preparation & Serving Related Occupations 7.6% 4,090 5 21-0000 Community & Social Services Occupations 12.0% 2,690


18 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 3.1% 370 19 17-0000 Architecture & Engineering Occupations 3.6% 310 20 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -5.6% -20 21 51-0000 Production Occupations -0.3% -80 22 43-0000 Office & Administrative Support Occupations -0.3% -340

68

Pocono

The Pocono WIA consists of the four rural counties of Carbon, Monroe, Pike and Wayne in northeast

Pennsylvania. The combined population was 342,658 in 2012, and the combined population density was

152 people per square mile. The average entry level wage during 2014 was $18,750.

The fastest employment growth during the 2012-2022 decade is expected to occur in Healthcare and

Social Assistance, Construction, Accommodation and Food Services, Arts, Entertainment and Recreation,

and Transportation and Warehousing. The top five growth industries are expected to create 66 percent of

the total change in employment.

The fastest growing occupations in the Pocono WIA are: Healthcare Practitioners and Technical, Personal

Care and Service, Food Preparation and Serving Related, Transportation and Material Moving, and

Construction.

Tables 35 and 36 present the five fastest growing industries and occupations and also the bottom five

industries and occupations.

69

Table 35


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Pocono


Percentage Change


1 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 2,850 20.3% 2 23 Construction 900 26.5% 3 72 Accommodation & Food Services 830 6.3% 4 71 Arts, Entertainment & Recreation 680 16.3% 5 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 580 17.1%


15 22 Utilities 30 17.6% 16 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 0 0.0% 17 53 Real Estate & Rental & Leasing 0 0.0% 18 52 Finance & Insurance -10 -0.5% 19 51 Information -100 -5.9% 20 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction N/A N/A

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Pocono


Employment Change


1 23 Construction 26.5% 900 2 56 Administrative & Waste Services 22.6% 560 3 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 20.3% 2,850 4 22 Utilities 17.6% 30 5 54 Professional & Technical Services 17.3% 330


15 61 Educational Services 1.9% 190 16 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 0.0% 0 17 53 Real Estate & Rental & Leasing 0.0% 0 18 52 Finance & Insurance -0.5% -10 19 51 Information -5.9% -100 20 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction N/A N/A

WIA - Pocono Industry Sectors


Percentage Change




70

Table 36


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Pocono


Percentage Change


1 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 980 17.3% 2 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 970 15.3% 3 35-0000 Food Preparation & Serving Related Occupations 900 7.9% 4 53-0000 Transportation & Material Moving Occupations 830 13.4% 5 47-0000 Construction & Extraction Occupations 770 17.8%


18 15-0000 Computer & Mathematical Occupations 70 8.4% 19 23-0000 Legal Occupations 60 12.8% 20 19-0000 Life, Physical & Social Science Occupations 60 9.5% 21 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 20 2.0% 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -10 -1.1%

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Pocono


Employment Change


1 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 19.3% 620 2 47-0000 Construction & Extraction Occupations 17.8% 770 3 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 17.3% 980 4 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 15.3% 970 5 53-0000 Transportation & Material Moving Occupations 13.4% 830


18 51-0000 Production Occupations 4.2% 270 19 43-0000 Office & Administrative Support Occupations 3.5% 560 20 41-0000 Sales & Related Occupations 2.5% 330 21 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 2.0% 20 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -1.1% -10

71

South Central

The South Central WIA consists of four urban counties, Cumberland, Dauphin, Lebanon and York, and

four rural counties, Adams, Franklin, Juniata and Perry. The population in 2012 was 1,404,738 with a

population density of 307 people per square mile. The average entry level wage during 2014 was $20,610.

Eighty-four percent of the total employment of the South Central WIA is located in the urban counties.

The fastest growing industries are Healthcare and Social Assistance, Administrative and Waste Services,

Transportation and Warehousing, Construction, and Professional and Technical Services.

These industries are expected to produce 68 percent of this area’s total employment for 2012-2022.

The fastest growing occupations are: Transportation and Material Moving, Healthcare Practitioners and

Technical, Food Preparation and Serving Related, Construction, and Office and Administrative Support.

Tables 37 and 38 list the top five and bottom five industries and occupations and their growth rates for

2012-2022.

72

Table 37


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - South Central


Percentage Change


1 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 14,800 17.4% 2 56 Administrative & Waste Services 8,250 26.5% 3 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 4,800 12.7% 4 23 Construction 4,660 19.1% 5 54 Professional & Technical Services 4,620 20.0%


16 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 110 1.0% 17 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction 90 13.2% 18 22 Utilities -140 -5.8% 19 51 Information -250 -3.1% 20 99 Government -490 -0.8%

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - South Central


Employment Change


1 56 Administrative & Waste Services 26.5% 8,250 2 55 Management of Companies & Enterprises 22.2% 2,760 3 54 Professional & Technical Services 20.0% 4,620 4 23 Construction 19.1% 4,660 5 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 17.4% 14,800


16 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 1.0% 110 17 31-33 Manufacturing 0.8% 620 18 99 Government -0.8% -490 19 51 Information -3.1% -250 20 22 Utilities -5.8% -140

WIA - South Central Industry Sector


Percentage Change



Self-Employed Workers 35,700 36,300 600 1.7% Unpaid Family Workers 1,290 1,350 60 4.7%

Total 680,410 734,870 54,460

73

Table 38


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - South Central


Percentage Change


1 53-0000 Transportation & Material Moving Occupations 6,770 10.9% 2 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 5,760 15.2% 3 35-0000 Food Preparation & Serving Related Occupations 5,060 9.6% 4 47-0000 Construction & Extraction Occupations 3,910 15.2% 5 43-0000 Office & Administrative Support Occupations 3,760 3.4%


18 17-0000 Architecture & Engineering Occupations 1,070 10.1% 19 23-0000 Legal Occupations 460 9.2% 20 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 380 4.3% 21 19-0000 Life, Physical & Social Science Occupations 250 5.0% 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -80 -1.0%

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - South Central


Employment Change


1 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 17.2% 3,240 2 15-0000 Computer & Mathematical Occupations 16.5% 2,470 3 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 15.2% 5,760 4 47-0000 Construction & Extraction Occupations 15.2% 3,910 5 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 14.6% 3,570


18 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 4.3% 380 19 25-0000 Education, Training & Library Occupations 4.1% 1,390 20 51-0000 Production Occupations 4.0% 2,160 21 43-0000 Office & Administrative Support Occupations 3.4% 3,760 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -1.0% -80

74

Southern Alleghenies

The Southern Alleghenies WIA consists of six rural counties, with a combined average population of

455,701 in 2012 and a population density of 99 people per square mile. Bedford, Fulton, Huntingdon and

Somerset counties are sparsely populated, with less than 70 people per square mile, while Blair and

Cambria have more than 200 people per square mile. The average entry level wage during 2014 was

$18,430.

The fastest growing industries in the Southern Alleghenies WIA are Healthcare and Social Assistance,

Construction, Accommodation and Food Services, Professional and Technical Services, and

Transportation and Warehousing. Together these five industries are expected to account for 78 percent of

the total growth in employment during 2012-2022.

The fastest growing occupations are: Healthcare Practitioners, Personal Care and Service, Transportation

and Material Moving, Office and Administrative Support, and Construction.

Tables 39 and 40 show the top five and bottom five industries and occupations and their employment

growth rates for 2012-2022.

75

Table 39


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Southern Alleghenies


Percentage Change


1 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 5,980 18.6% 2 23 Construction 1,550 21.7% 3 72 Accommodation & Food Services 1,330 9.2% 4 54 Professional & Technical Services 1,200 22.3% 5 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 1,170 11.6%


16 99 Government 20 0.1% 17 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 0 0.0% 18 51 Information 0 0.0% 19 61 Educational Services -20 -0.1% 20 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction -40 -1.8%

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Southern Alleghenies


Employment Change


1 54 Professional & Technical Services 22.3% 1,200 2 23 Construction 21.7% 1,550 3 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 18.6% 5,980 4 56 Administrative & Waste Services 14.2% 880 5 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 11.6% 1,170


16 99 Government 0.1% 20 17 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 0.0% 0 18 51 Information 0.0% 0 19 61 Educational Services -0.1% -20 20 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction -1.8% -40

WIA - Southern Alleghenies Industry Sector


Percentage Change




Total 192,220 206,540 14,320

76

Table 40


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Southern Alleghenies


Percentage Change


1 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 1,910 14.9% 2 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 1,610 19.9% 3 53-0000 Transportation & Material Moving Occupations 1,550 9.5% 4 43-0000 Office & Administrative Support Occupations 790 2.9% 5 47-0000 Construction & Extraction Occupations 1,340 12.8%


18 17-0000 Architecture & Engineering Occupations 140 5.9% 19 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 70 3.8% 20 19-0000 Life, Physical & Social Science Occupations 90 8.6% 21 23-0000 Legal Occupations 80 15.4% 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -90 -2.4%

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Southern Alleghenies


Employment Change


1 15-0000 Computer & Mathematical Occupations 29.3% 460 2 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 19.9% 1,610 3 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 17.9% 1,320 4 23-0000 Legal Occupations 15.4% 80 5 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 14.9% 1,910


18 11-0000 Management Occupations 2.5% 220 19 41-0000 Sales & Related Occupations 2.4% 460 20 51-0000 Production Occupations 2.0% 300 21 25-0000 Education, Training & Library Occupations 1.5% 150 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -2.4% -90

77

Southwest Corner

The Southwest Corner WIA consists of two rural counties, Green and Washington, and one urban county,

Beaver. Green County is sparsely populated, with 67 people per square mile, but Washington and Beaver

are more densely populated with 243 and 392 people per square mile, respectively. The population of

Southwest Corner WIA was 417,046 in 2012. The average entry level wage during 2014 was $20,100.

Employment is projected to grow at 7 percent for 2012-2022, with the fastest growth expected to occur in

Healthcare, Construction, Professional and Technical Services, Accommodation and Food, and

Administrative and Waste Services. These five sectors will contribute 77 percent of the total employment

growth.

The fastest growing occupations are those associated with the fastest growing industries: Construction

and Extraction, Healthcare Practitioners, Food Preparation and Serving Related, Transportation and

Material Moving, and Personal Care and Service.

Local Workforce Development officials expect occupations in Construction and Extraction, Food

Preparation and Serving, and Transportation and Material Moving to grow faster than the estimated

CWIA projections. More specifically, the Southwest Corner Workforce Development Board indicates that

major construction plans in Beaver County over the next 5 years will add significantly to the growth of

the Construction industry and contribute additional growth to the Accommodation and Food Services of

the region. The board also expects manufacturing companies to expand their workforce, thus alleviating

the projected decline of the manufacturing industry.

Tables 41 and 42 present the projected growth of the fastest industries and occupational categories and

also the slowest growth industries and occupations for 2012-2022.

78

Table 41


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Southwest Corner


Percentage Change


1 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 4,110 16.8% 2 23 Construction 1,840 16.4% 3 54 Professional & Technical Services 1,240 19.1% 4 72 Accommodation & Food Services 1,230 10.5% 5 56 Administrative & Waste Services 1,000 19.9%


16 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting -10 -0.2% 17 22 Utilities -60 -2.5% 18 99 Government -70 -0.8% 19 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction -110 -1.5% 20 31-33 Manufacturing -200 -1.2%

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Southwest Corner


Employment Change


1 56 Administrative & Waste Services 19.9% 1,000 2 54 Professional & Technical Services 19.1% 1,240 3 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 16.8% 4,110 4 23 Construction 16.4% 1,840 5 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 14.9% 980


16 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting -0.2% -10 17 99 Government -0.8% -70 18 31-33 Manufacturing -1.2% -200 19 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction -1.5% -110 20 22 Utilities -2.5% -60

WIA - Southwest Corner Industry Sectors


Percentage Change




Total 174,110 186,310 12,200

79

Table 42


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Southwest Corner


Percentage Change


1 47-0000 Construction & Extraction Occupations 1,520 9.6% 2 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 1,330 15.5% 3 35-0000 Food Preparation & Serving Related Occupations 1,250 9.2% 4 53-0000 Transportation & Material Moving Occupations 950 7.5% 5 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 940 14.0%


18 51-0000 Production Occupations 200 1.5% 19 23-0000 Legal Occupations 200 12.6% 20 19-0000 Life, Physical & Social Science Occupations 70 10.3% 21 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 40 2.3% 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -70 -2.4%

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Southwest Corner


Employment Change


1 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 15.5% 1,330 2 17-0000 Architecture & Engineering Occupations 15.0% 460 3 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 14.9% 930 4 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 14.0% 940 5 15-0000 Computer & Mathematical Occupations 13.9% 240


18 43-0000 Office & Administrative Support Occupations 3.1% 750 19 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 2.3% 40 20 41-0000 Sales & Related Occupations 2.0% 340 21 51-0000 Production Occupations 1.5% 200 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -2.4% -70

80

Three Rivers

The Three Rivers WIA is the second largest metropolitan area in Pennsylvania, with 1,229,338 residents

primarily in Pittsburgh and the surrounding areas in Allegheny County. The average entry level wage

during 2014 was $20,910.

Employment is projected to grow by 6.2 percent for 2012-2022, slightly below the projected state average

growth rate of 7.7 percent.

The greatest employment growth is expected to occur in Healthcare and Social Assistance, Professional

and Technical Services, Construction, Administrative and Waste Services, and Accommodation and Food

Services. The projected decline of the manufacturing and government sectors are expected to cause the

loss of 3,490 jobs in 2012-2022.

The fastest growing occupations are: Healthcare Practitioners and Technical, Computer and

Mathematical, Food Preparation and Serving Related, Healthcare Support, and Business and Financial

Operations.

The top five industries and occupations and their growth rates, and the bottom five industries and

occupations are presented in Tables 43 and 44.

81

Table 43


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Three Rivers


Percentage Change


1 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 17,900 14.8% 2 54 Professional & Technical Services 8,280 15.4% 3 23 Construction 3,950 14.8% 4 56 Administrative & Waste Services 3,630 9.8% 5 72 Accommodation & Food Services 3,090 5.6%


16 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting -10 -1.7% 17 22 Utilities -20 -0.8% 18 51 Information -630 -4.9% 19 31-33 Manufacturing -1,240 -3.4% 20 99 Government -2,250 -5.7%

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Three Rivers


Employment Change


1 54 Professional & Technical Services 15.4% 8,280 2 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction 14.9% 320 3 23 Construction 14.8% 3,950 4 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 14.8% 17,900 5 56 Administrative & Waste Services 9.8% 3,630


16 22 Utilities -0.8% -20 17 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting -1.7% -10 18 31-33 Manufacturing -3.4% -1,240 19 51 Information -4.9% -630 20 99 Government -5.7% -2,250

WIA - Three Rivers Industry Sector


Percentage Change




82

Table 44


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Three Rivers


Percentage Change


1 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 6,650 13.1% 2 15-0000 Computer & Mathematical Occupations 3,800 15.8% 3 35-0000 Food Preparation & Serving Related Occupations 3,750 6.2% 4 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 3,610 15.0% 5 13-0000 Business & Financial Operations Occupations 3,590 8.0%


18 33-0000 Protective Service Occupations 820 5.0% 19 19-0000 Life, Physical & Social Science Occupations 650 8.8% 20 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 480 4.3% 21 51-0000 Production Occupations 190 0.7% 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -10 -2.0%

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Three Rivers


Employment Change


1 15-0000 Computer & Mathematical Occupations 15.8% 3,800 2 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 15.0% 3,610 3 23-0000 Legal Occupations 13.2% 980 4 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 13.1% 6,650 5 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 12.4% 3,160


18 25-0000 Education, Training & Library Occupations 3.6% 1,400 19 41-0000 Sales & Related Occupations 1.4% 1,030 20 43-0000 Office & Administrative Support Occupations 0.7% 900 21 51-0000 Production Occupations 0.7% 190 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -2.0% -10

83

Tri-County

The Tri-County WIA consists of three rural counties, Armstrong, Butler and Indiana, and is located in the

western part of Pennsylvania. The population in 2012 was 341,597 and the population density was 151

people per square mile. The area’s total employment is projected to increase by 7.9 percent during 2012-

2022. The average entry level wage during 2014 was $19,910.

The fastest growing industries are Healthcare and Social Assistance, Administrative and Waste Services,

Accommodation and Food Services, and Construction. Employment growth in the four industries will

contribute more than 73 percent of the total growth in employment.

The fastest growing occupations are expected to be: Healthcare Practitioners and Technical, Food

Preparation and Related, Healthcare Support, Construction and Extraction, and Transportation and

Material Moving.

Tables 45 and 46 present the top five and bottom five industries and occupations for the Tri-County WIA

and their growth rates during 2012-2022.

84

Table 45


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Tri-County


Percentage Change


1 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 4,960 26.4% 2 56 Administrative & Waste Services 1,350 22.8% 3 72 Accommodation & Food Services 1,250 11.5% 4 23 Construction 1,080 18.1% 5 42 Wholesale Trade 510 8.8%


15 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 0 0.0% 16 52 Finance & Insurance -50 -1.3% 17 51 Information -70 -4.2% 18 22 Utilities -100 -7.4% 19 99 Government -280 -3.3% 20 55 Management of Companies & Enterprises N/A N/A

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Tri-County


Employment Change


1 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 26.4% 4,960 2 56 Administrative & Waste Services 22.8% 1,350 3 23 Construction 18.1% 1,080 4 71 Arts, Entertainment & Recreation 16.9% 210 5 72 Accommodation & Food Services 11.5% 1,250


15 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 0.0% 0 16 52 Finance & Insurance -1.3% -50 17 99 Government -3.3% -280 18 51 Information -4.2% -70 19 22 Utilities -7.4% -100 20 55 Management of Companies & Enterprises N/A N/A

WIA - Tri-County Industry Sectors


Percentage Change




85

Table 46


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Tri-County


Percentage Change


1 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 1,630 22.7% 2 35-0000 Food Preparation & Serving Related Occupations 1,410 11.3% 3 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 1,200 26.8% 4 47-0000 Construction & Extraction Occupations 1,040 11.3% 5 53-0000 Transportation & Material Moving Occupations 990 9.3%


18 17-0000 Architecture & Engineering Occupations 190 6.7% 19 23-0000 Legal Occupations 100 18.5% 20 19-0000 Life, Physical & Social Science Occupations 50 5.8% 21 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 40 2.7% 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -50 -2.1%

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Tri-County


Employment Change


1 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 26.8% 1,200 2 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 22.7% 1,630 3 23-0000 Legal Occupations 18.5% 100 4 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 16.5% 990 5 21-0000 Community & Social Services Occupations 14.2% 430


18 51-0000 Production Occupations 3.3% 410 19 11-0000 Management Occupations 3.3% 250 20 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 2.7% 40 21 41-0000 Sales & Related Occupations 1.7% 260 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -2.1% -50

86

West Central

The West Central WIA consists of Lawrence and Mercer counties, both classified as rural, with a

combined population of 205,526 in 2012 and a population density of 199 people per square mile. The

average entry level wage during 2014 was $18,450.

Total employment of West Central is expected to grow by 6.6 percent during the 2012-2022 period, with

more than 58 percednt of the growth occurring in the Healthcare and Social Assistance sector.

The fastest growing occupations are expected to be: Healthcare Practitioners and Technical, Personal

Care and Service, Healthcare Support, and Community and Social Service.

Tables 47 and 48 summarize the fastest growing industries and occupations of the West Central WIA and

their projected growth rates during 2012-2022. The Tables also identify the stagnant and declining

industries and the slowest growing occupations.

87

Table 47


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - West Central


Percentage Change


1 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 3,290 20.7% 2 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 360 12.9% 3 23 Construction 350 11.4% 4 56 Administrative & Waste Services 290 10.4% 5 81 Other Services, Ex. Public Admin 240 6.0%


16 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 10 0.5% 17 22 Utilities 0 0.0% 18 51 Information 0 0.0% 19 55 Management of Companies & Enterprises -10 -1.2% 20 99 Government -70 -1.6%

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - West Central


Employment Change


1 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction 21.4% 90 2 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 20.7% 3,290 3 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 12.9% 360 4 54 Professional & Technical Services 12.1% 180 5 53 Real Estate & Rental & Leasing 11.5% 70


16 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 0.5% 10 17 22 Utilities 0.0% 0 18 51 Information 0.0% 0 19 55 Management of Companies & Enterprises -1.2% -10 20 99 Government -1.6% -70

WIA - West Central Industry Sector


Percentage Change




Total 85,620 91,270 5,650

88

Table 48


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - West Central


Percentage Change


1 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 910 16.5% 2 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 820 20.8% 3 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 620 20.4% 4 21-0000 Community & Social Services Occupations 450 17.0% 5 53-0000 Transportation & Material Moving Occupations 390 6.4%


18 15-0000 Computer & Mathematical Occupations 50 7.6% 19 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 30 2.9% 20 19-0000 Life, Physical & Social Science Occupations 30 8.1% 21 23-0000 Legal Occupations 30 10.0% 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations 0 0.0%

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - West Central


Employment Change


1 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 20.8% 820 2 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 20.4% 620 3 21-0000 Community & Social Services Occupations 17.0% 450 4 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 16.5% 910 5 47-0000 Construction & Extraction Occupations 10.1% 360


18 43-0000 Office & Administrative Support Occupations 2.7% 340 19 51-0000 Production Occupations 1.8% 140 20 11-0000 Management Occupations 1.6% 60 21 41-0000 Sales & Related Occupations 1.3% 130 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations 0.0% 0

89

Westmoreland-Fayette

The Westmoreland-Fayette WIA consists of urban Westmoreland County and rural Fayette County. The

population in 2012 was 499,055 and the population density of the two-county “mixed” WIA was 275

people per square mile. The average entry level wage during 2014 was $18,890.

The total employment of the area is projected to increase by 7.9 percent during 2012-2022, with most of

the employment growth expected to be in Healthcare and Social Assistance, Administrative and Waste

Services, and Construction. Employment growth in these three sectors will account for 64 percent of the

total growth in the employment of the region.

The fastest growing occupations are expected to be: Healthcare Practitioners and Technical, Healthcare

Support, Transportation and Material Moving, Personal Care and Service, and Construction and

Extraction.

The local Workforce Development Board expects greater-than-projected growth in the construction and

extraction occupations because of the expected growth of the natural gas industry.

The five fastest growing industries and occupations are listed in Tables 49 and 50 along with the bottom

five industries and occupations and their growth rates during 2012-2022.

90

Table 49


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Westmoreland-Fayette


Percentage Change


1 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 6,700 24.0% 2 56 Administrative & Waste Services 1,580 23.0% 3 23 Construction 1,460 16.8% 4 72 Accommodation & Food Services 1,180 7.0% 5 54 Professional & Technical Services 1,040 17.1%


16 99 Government 50 0.5% 17 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 10 0.4% 18 31-33 Manufacturing 0 0.0% 19 51 Information -20 -1.1% 20 44-45 Retail Trade -200 -0.8%

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Westmoreland-Fayette


Employment Change


1 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 24.0% 6,700 2 56 Administrative & Waste Services 23.0% 1,580 3 54 Professional & Technical Services 17.1% 1,040 4 23 Construction 16.8% 1,460 5 53 Real Estate & Rental & Leasing 16.4% 220


16 99 Government 0.5% 50 17 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 0.4% 10 18 31-33 Manufacturing 0.0% 0 19 44-45 Retail Trade -0.8% -200 20 51 Information -1.1% -20

WIA - Westmoreland-Fayette Industry Sectors


Percentage Change




91

Table 50


Rank by Total Employment Change WIA - Westmoreland-Fayette


Percentage Change


1 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 2,060 19.8% 2 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 1,740 25.5% 3 53-0000 Transportation & Material Moving Occupations 1,540 9.6% 4 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 1,520 17.5% 5 47-0000 Construction & Extraction Occupations 1,360 12.2%


18 33-0000 Protective Service Occupations 220 7.6% 19 19-0000 Life, Physical & Social Science Occupations 160 14.7% 20 27-0000 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media Occupations 90 4.3% 21 23-0000 Legal Occupations 50 11.9% 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -60 -2.8%

Rank by % Employment Change WIA - Westmoreland-Fayette


Employment Change


1 31-0000 Healthcare Support Occupations 25.5% 1,740 2 29-0000 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical Occupations 19.8% 2,060 3 39-0000 Personal Care & Service Occupations 17.5% 1,520 4 19-0000 Life, Physical & Social Science Occupations 14.7% 160 5 21-0000 Community & Social Services Occupations 14.5% 570


18 43-0000 Office & Administrative Support Occupations 3.9% 1,140 19 25-0000 Education, Training & Library Occupations 3.4% 330 20 51-0000 Production Occupations 1.9% 300 21 41-0000 Sales & Related Occupations 1.0% 220 22 45-0000 Farming, Fishing & Forestry Occupations -2.8% -60

92

Summary of the Top Five Growth Industries by Rural, Urban, and Mixed WIAs

The following tables show that, between 2012 and 2022, Health Care and Social Assistance is expected to

be the largest employment growth industry in rural, urban, and mixed WIAs accounting for 45 percent, 39

percent, and 37 percent, respectively, of total employment growth. In addition, although the ranks differ,

Administrative and Waste Services, Construction, and Accommodation and Food Services appear in the

top five growth industries in each WIA category. The only difference in the top five ranking is that

Transportation and Warehousing are more important in rural and mixed WIAs, whereas Professional and

Technical Services are more important in urban WIAs. The top five industries account for more than 75

percent of total expected employment growth in rural, urban, and mixed WIAs between 2012 and 2022.

Examining the bottom five industries shows that the Government, Information, and Utilities industries

will show the slowest growth or even employment declines in each WIA classification. In addition,

Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting will fare poorly in rural and mixed WIAs, and Mining,

Quarrying, Oil and Gas will fare poorly in mixed and urban WIAs. Management of Companies and

Enterprises in rural WIAs and Manufacturing in urban WIAs round out the bottom five industries.

93

SUMMARY TABLE 1 Industry Rank by Total Employment Change (2012-2022) – Rural WIAs

Total Employment Growth 2012-2022: All Rural WIAs Combined

Industry Change in the

Number of Jobs 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 31,840 23 Construction 7,000 72 Accommodation & Food Services 5,920 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 5,510 56 Administrative & Waste Services 4,280 54 Professional & Technical Services 4,020 81 Other Services, Ex. Public Admin 2,800 61 Educational Services 2,360 42 Wholesale Trade 1,600 71 Arts, Entertainment & Recreation 1,500 44-45 Retail Trade 1,340 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction 1,140 31-33 Manufacturing 790 53 Real Estate & Rental & Leasing 640 52 Finance & Insurance 240 55 Management of Companies & Enterprises 150 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 20 22 Utilities -40 99 Government -140 51 Information -350

94

Summary Table 2 Industry Rank by Total Employment Change (2012-2022) – Urban WIAs

Total Employment Growth 2012-2022: All Urban WIAs Combined

Industry Change in the Number

of Jobs 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 102,170 54 Professional & Technical Services 35,460 56 Administrative & Waste Services 27,070 23 Construction 22,920 72 Accommodation & Food Services 18,530 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 11,060 81 Other Services, Ex. Public Admin 9,800 55 Management of Companies & Enterprises 9,440 61 Educational Services 9,100 52 Finance & Insurance 7,290 44-45 Retail Trade 7,250 71 Arts, Entertainment & Recreation 5,640 42 Wholesale Trade 5,390 53 Real Estate & Rental & Leasing 3,350 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 60 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction 50 22 Utilities -30 51 Information -2,760 31-33 Manufacturing -4,080 99 Government -7,020

95

Summary Table 3 Industry Rank by Total Employment Change (2012-2022) – Mixed WIAs

Total Employment Growth 2012-2022: All Mixed WIAs Combined

Industry Change in the Number

of Jobs 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 41,010 56 Administrative & Waste Services 15,010 23 Construction 9,870 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 9,610 72 Accommodation & Food Services 9,160 54 Professional & Technical Services 7,750 81 Other Services, Ex. Public Admin 4,070 55 Management of Companies & Enterprises 3,770 44-45 Retail Trade 3,320 42 Wholesale Trade 2,630 71 Arts, Entertainment & Recreation 2,310 61 Educational Services 1,580 53 Real Estate & Rental & Leasing 1,340 52 Finance & Insurance 880 31-33 Manufacturing 370 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 120 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction 120 22 Utilities -190 51 Information -420 99 Government -490

96

Distribution of Employment Gains across WIAs

Total employment in Pennsylvania in 2012 was 6,046,560 and was projected to increase to 6,514,500 by

2022.

As seen in Chart 1, most Pennsylvanians were employed in urban WIAs in 2012 (58.5 percent), a smaller

percentage worked in WIAs consisting of both urban and rural counties (25 percent) and an even smaller

percentage were employed in rural WIAs (16.5 percent).


97


Chart 2 shows how employment growth between 2012 and 2022 is projected to be shared among urban,

mixed and rural WIAs. Interestingly, employment growth is shared among urban, mixed, and rural WIAs

in the same percentage as employment is shared in 2012. For example, employment growth does not

change the relative position of urban, mixed and rural areas in Pennsylvania.


Hence, as shown in Chart 3, employment shares in 2022 is virtually unchanged from 2012.

98

Wages

The first part of this study examined how employment varies by industry, occupation and region. This

section considers wages and analyzes how they vary by occupation, region and educational attainment

and training. Entry-level wages by occupation and by WIA are also estimated for 2022. The final section

will examine the educational infrastructure in Pennsylvania and consider the programs and strategies

developed by state agencies to support current and projected workforce needs. (Wages by industry are not

considered because Pennsylvania’s educational training programs and strategies, with the exception of

industry clusters, focus on occupational categories.)

Wage data for 2-digit occupations was collected for Pennsylvania and for each WIA from the

Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) series published on-line by CWIA. The annual data, which

are available from 2008 to 2014, record wages for the categories of entry-level, mean, and experienced

positions. However, only entry-level wage data were considered as they are more pertinent to the analysis

of employment growth throughout the study. Using 2008 and 2014 entry-level wage data, the researchers

calculated average compound growth in wages during 2008-2014, which are given in the fifth column of

Table 51. Assuming that the entry-level wages grow at the same rate between 2014 and 2022, the

researchers projected 2022 wages by applying the same compound wage growth rate. For example, in

Pennsylvania, entry level wage in 2014 was $20,530, and the compound growth in wages between 2008

and 2014 was 1.23 percent. Hence, Pennsylvania’s average entry level wage in 2022 is 20,530(1.0123)8 =

$22,640.

Total employment for all positions is also presented. This information was used to construct the following

comprehensive Table 51 containing wage and employment data for all occupations for 2008 and 2014 as

well as the annual growth rates between these two dates.

99

Table 51 Entry Level Wages, Employment & Growth – All Occupations 2008 - 2022

Source: OES Wage and Employment data published by the PA Center for Workforce Information and Analysis, CWIA. Note: Data are for the total of all occupations; 2022 wage projections are not adjusted for future inflation. ** Authors’ of this study made the wage estimate for 2022 by applying 2008-2014 compounded growth rates on 2014 wages.

Although the CWIA does not use compounding when calculating employment growth rates and projected

employment changes, compounded annual growth rate of wages were used in this study to estimate wages

for entry-level positions in 2022. Specifically, a compounded annual growth rate for an occupation’s

entry-level wage between 2008 and 2014 was estimated and applied to the occupation’s wage for 2014 to

estimate the 2022 wage. This estimate assumes past trends will continue, but naturally the actual 2022

wages will be larger or smaller depending on wage movements in the near future.

A few general observations can be made from Table 51. With the exception of the Lancaster and

Lackawanna WIAs, 2014 wage levels were the highest in urban WIAs. This pattern can be seen clearly by

examining Map 2.

100

Map 2


While the data in Table 51 only represent the total for all occupations, Tables 52, 53 and 54 present

similar data for every occupation for every WIA. Regardless of the WIA, the occupations offering the

highest entry-level wages in 2014 were in Management, Business and Financial Operations, Computer

and Mathematical, Life, Physical and Social Sciences, and Legal. As discussed in the next section, these

are occupations typically requiring high levels of education. These occupations also tend to pay higher

wages in urban settings due to higher costs of living. In addition, greater population densities in urban

areas may create business cluster linkages as well as career opportunities for workers. Constructing a

statistical model to examine the potential effects of these factors was outside the scope of the current

study. However, evidence presented in a subsequent section in Table 60 shows a large number of

postsecondary schools in urban areas. Thus Pennsylvania’s urban educational system will produce a large

101

number of graduates to fill new, entry-level jobs requiring the degrees – Associate’s, Bachelor’s;

Master’s; PhDs and Professional - that are associated with the highest wages. In addition, the prevalence

of postsecondary schools in an area makes it easier for individuals who would like to advance in their job,

or who would like to change careers find the educational or training program that would accommodate

their career choices.

Table 52

102

Table 53

Note: Estimated Entry Level Wages for 2022 are based on Compounded Growth Rates.

Table 54 Estimated Entry Level Wages in Urban WIAs, 2022

Estimated Entry Level Wages in Rural WIAs, 2022


Pennsylvania Central North Central Northern Tier Pocono Southern Alleghenies Tri-County West Central

Occupation - Pennsylvania Occupation Code

Estimated Entry Level Wage 2022*

Total, All $22,640 $22,180 $20,286 $20,794 $20,142 $20,224 $21,943 $20,026Management 110000 $74,216 $71,300 $54,128 $87,534 $77,236 $52,980 $67,404 $50,748Business & Financial Operations 130000 $47,569 $46,494 $35,744 $35,664 $42,627 $35,329 $56,770 $41,133Computer & Mathematical 150000 $52,353 $48,623 $34,570 $46,084 $53,756 $35,913 $49,669 $45,684Architecture & Engineering 170000 $55,102 $54,786 $46,564 $73,166 $63,320 $37,018 $58,131 $51,128Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 $38,367 $49,209 $22,216 $27,868 $63,330 $42,871 $33,066 $29,873Community & Social Services 210000 $27,324 $28,925 $21,758 $25,288 $25,877 $28,802 $24,972 $26,337Legal 230000 $48,576 $30,456 $47,345 $17,955 $44,682 $25,565 $54,071 $28,654Education, Training & Library 250000 $30,045 $33,527 $21,270 $34,783 $42,118 $23,710 $30,829 $45,794Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 $25,359 $18,552 $19,002 $22,110 $16,401 $18,625 $18,113 $18,870Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 $41,060 $40,112 $30,383 $33,897 $44,382 $38,930 $32,129 $38,648Healthcare Support 310000 $20,780 $20,536 $16,671 $19,330 $20,461 $20,219 $22,233 $16,811Protective Service 330000 $20,833 $22,096 $38,974 $26,501 $18,992 $21,764 $28,965 $13,540Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 $18,392 $18,376 $18,706 $18,617 $18,413 $18,575 $18,605 $18,482Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 $19,175 $18,042 $18,449 $17,177 $16,641 $17,649 $17,114 $17,688Personal Care & Service 390000 $17,756 $17,860 $18,630 $17,417 $17,944 $18,161 $19,328 $19,564Sales & Related 410000 $17,812 $18,396 $18,779 $18,377 $17,728 $18,731 $18,610 $18,897Office & Administrative Support 430000 $24,731 $23,150 $21,502 $21,267 $22,207 $20,426 $23,861 $21,281Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 $20,893 $17,515 $46,266 $34,037 $11,228 $28,845 $27,440 $17,659Construction & Extraction 470000 $33,096 $32,196 $28,037 $35,267 $25,805 $28,831 $34,000 $36,451Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 $29,841 $28,350 $25,558 $27,188 $28,000 $25,007 $28,656 $26,342Production 510000 $27,050 $30,411 $23,180 $24,683 $23,214 $23,417 $27,956 $25,323Transportation & Material Moving 530000 $21,292 $22,364 $21,041 $26,157 $19,074 $22,439 $19,470 $19,462

Rural WIAs

Estimated Entry Level Wage 2022

Source: Pennsylvania Center for Workforce Information and Analysis Note: Estimated Entry Level Wages for 2022 are based on Compounded Growth Rates

Pennsylvania Berks Bucks Chester Delaware Lackawanna Lancaster Lehigh Valley Montgomery Philadelphia Three Rivers

Occupation - Pennsylvania Occupation Code

Estimated Entry Level Wage 2022*

Total, All $22,640 $23,188 $21,950 $23,702 $23,954 $22,220 $21,705 $23,149 $23,290 $23,591 $23,495Management 110000 $74,216 $70,725 $82,727 $77,412 $84,107 $47,111 $63,081 $74,915 $99,987 $92,004 $84,980Business & Financial Operations 130000 $47,569 $41,624 $48,956 $52,050 $53,452 $42,234 $43,001 $41,354 $53,078 $55,398 $44,611Computer & Mathematical 150000 $52,353 $53,632 $46,418 $65,570 $50,601 $37,609 $46,264 $50,334 $63,018 $65,550 $50,932Architecture & Engineering 170000 $55,102 $58,914 $56,600 $54,846 $66,811 $64,717 $47,216 $59,483 $56,967 $62,630 $52,589Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 $38,367 $14,225 $31,356 $38,907 $40,715 $33,168 $49,161 $31,760 $44,642 $34,193 $42,582Community & Social Services 210000 $27,324 $31,627 $24,072 $28,483 $33,018 $29,041 $26,502 $27,713 $26,204 $34,305 $27,271Legal 230000 $48,576 $38,380 $55,000 $68,468 $31,704 $31,772 $57,025 $48,192 $57,875 $67,405 $54,140Education, Training & Library 250000 $30,045 $35,068 $26,317 $30,209 $33,687 $31,395 $24,597 $29,019 $26,070 $44,574 $23,895Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 $25,359 $27,276 $17,568 $30,049 $38,303 $23,850 $14,760 $29,495 $30,426 $32,072 $33,881Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 $41,060 $38,778 $37,964 $48,220 $49,135 $36,257 $33,320 $48,862 $46,418 $44,795 $44,626Healthcare Support 310000 $20,780 $19,045 $22,157 $21,649 $25,092 $22,940 $20,735 $22,085 $19,074 $19,454 $22,010Protective Service 330000 $20,833 $22,968 $29,138 $24,371 $19,599 $19,116 $22,620 $19,192 $19,148 $21,698 $19,029Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 $18,392 $18,718 $18,272 $17,865 $17,875 $18,496 $18,010 $18,419 $18,136 $18,212 $18,335Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 $19,175 $18,314 $18,984 $21,790 $20,234 $16,377 $19,395 $19,987 $23,857 $22,799 $20,536Personal Care & Service 390000 $17,756 $17,632 $17,552 $21,181 $17,201 $19,478 $18,289 $18,637 $18,936 $19,660 $17,724Sales & Related 410000 $17,812 $17,528 $19,415 $20,257 $19,155 $18,079 $18,166 $17,231 $19,705 $17,098 $18,473Office & Administrative Support 430000 $24,731 $25,361 $25,494 $25,777 $26,482 $23,771 $23,075 $23,326 $26,631 $27,569 $26,144Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 $20,893 $18,474 $14,847 $23,842 NA $16,592 $21,616 $16,159 $19,192 $36,788 $24,847Construction & Extraction 470000 $33,096 $34,074 $29,223 $29,993 $45,349 $29,489 $30,266 $31,545 $36,754 $38,733 $37,823Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 $29,841 $29,108 $31,357 $29,764 $26,850 $24,769 $32,090 $31,446 $32,753 $26,811 $30,717Production 510000 $27,050 $30,191 $26,336 $28,277 $31,207 $22,833 $28,437 $27,813 $27,521 $27,019 $26,114Transportation & Material Moving 530000 $21,292 $24,438 $24,359 $18,159 $20,983 $24,603 $19,856 $25,441 $18,195 $20,043 $21,212

Urban WIAs

Estimated Entry Level Wage 2022

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Although Table 51 shows that, at the state level, wage growth was positive for every occupation between

2008 and 2014, wages declined for some occupations in some WIAs over the same period. Even though

occupational wages varied by WIA, the most common occupations showing declining wages were found

in the Life, Physical and Social Science; Healthcare Support; Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports and

Media; Farming, Fishing and Agriculture; and Protective Service occupations. The following section

shows that these occupations typically require lower levels of education than do higher wage occupations.

The annual growth rate of wages does not appear to be strongly correlated with 2014 wages. That is, the

WIAs with the highest wages in 2014 did not necessarily grow the fastest between 2008 and 2014 and

vice versa. As examples, by examining Table 51 one can note that the urban WIAs – Chester,

Montgomery, and Bucks – were three of the highest wage areas in the state in 2014. However, their wage

growth rates between 2008 and 2014 were the three smallest growth rates in the state.

Education, Wages, and Employment

Labor market analysts note that favorable labor market outcomes are highly correlated with educational

attainment. Table 55 shows how unemployment rates and median weekly earnings in the U.S. are

strongly correlated with educational attainment.

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Table 55 Earnings and Unemployment Rates by Educational Attainment in the United States

Education attained Unemployment rate in 2014

(Percent) Median weekly earnings in

2014 Doctoral degree 2.1 $1,591

Professional degree 1.9 1,639

Master's degree 2.8 1,326

Bachelor's degree 3.5 1,101

Associate's degree 4.5 792

Some college, no degree 6 741

High school diploma 6 668

Less than a high school diploma 9 488

All workers 5 839 Note: Data are for persons age 25 and over. Earnings are for full-time wage and salary workers. Source: Current Population Survey, U.S. Department of Labor, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics This table is available at http://www.bls.gov/emp/ep_table_001.htm.

Because wages generally increase with educational attainment, it is important to recognize that

educational attainment varies considerably by occupation as illustrated in Table 56.

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Table 56 Educational Distribution in the U.S. and Entry-Level Wages in PA by Occupation

Occupation Occupation

Code % of Occupation Workers with BD* only United States 2022 Projection

% of Occupation Workers with Postsecondary - No degree status - United States Projection 2022

Entry level

Wage in PA 2014

Rank by Entry level

Wage in PA 2014

Total, All 0 18% 6% $20,530 15 Management 110000 74% 0% $56,780 1 Business & Financial Operations 130000 76% 0% $40,230 5 Computer & Mathematical 150000 78% 0% $44,510 3 Architecture & Engineering 170000 73% 0% $45,060 2 Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 78% 0% $35,250 7 Community & Social Services 210000 36% 0% $25,190 11 Legal 230000 66% 2% $41,520 4 Education, Training & Library 250000 78% 1% $27,080 9 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media

270000 67% 3% $22,990 13

Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 30% 17% $35,830 6 Healthcare Support 310000 0% 62% $19,660 18 Protective Service 330000 0% 11% $20,160 16 Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 0% 0% $16,820 23 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance

370000 0% 0% $18,080 20

Personal Care & Service 390000 6% 14% $16,950 22 Sales & Related 410000 5% 0% $17,150 21 Office & Administrative Support 430000 0% 0% $21,830 14 Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 2% 0% $18,850 19 Construction & Extraction 470000 0% 0% $28,820 8 Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 0% 7% $27,050 10 Production 510000 0% 14% $23,400 12 Transportation & Material Moving 530000 1% 19% $19,800 17 * BD refers to Bachelor’s Degree Sources:

1. United States data is from “Occupational Employment Projections to 2022” by Emily Richards and Dave Terkanian, Monthly Labor Review, December 2013.

2. Pennsylvania data is from the Occupational Employment Statistics found at the Pennsylvania Center for Workforce Information and Analysis (CWIA)

Notes: 1. Postsecondary non-degree award. The BLS defines this category as “These programs lead to a certificate or

other award, but not a degree. The certificate is awarded by the educational institution and is the result of completing formal postsecondary schooling. Certification, issued by a professional organization or certifying body, is not included here. Some postsecondary non-degree award programs last only a few weeks, while others may last 1 to 2 years. Examples of occupations in this category include nursing assistants, emergency medical technicians (EMT's) and paramedics, and hairstylists.”

2. The CWIA does not present summaries for education attainment by 2-digit occupations in one file. Consequently, United States data was used as a proxy for Pennsylvania.

Further, the data displayed in Table 56 clearly demonstrate that the occupations with the highest

percentage of bachelor’s degrees are generally those with the highest entry-level wages, while the

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occupations with low percentages of bachelor degree holders are typically associated with the lowest

entry-level wages. One exception is for Healthcare Practitioners and Technical occupations. Although, 30

percent of the workers hold just a bachelor’s degree, a large percentage has advanced degrees or has

undergone postsecondary training. Another exception is for Construction and Extraction occupations,

which also have relatively high wages but few, if any, workers with bachelor’s degrees. In this case, on-

the-job training and work experience are important factors contributing to high wages.2

Two additional exceptions are in the Education, Training and Library occupations and in the Arts,

Design, Entertainment, Sports and Media occupations. In these cases, high percentages of bachelor degree

holders are associated with moderate, rather than high wages. This illustrates the fact that the labor

market outcomes of college graduates strongly depends on their major field of study. A recent report on

college majors in Pennsylvania’s colleges and universities by the Georgetown University Center on

Education and the Workforce explains that, “STEM, health, and business majors generally earned more

than other majors,” and that, “the most popular undergraduate majors are not the highest-paying majors.”3

Thus, having a bachelor’s degree does not guarantee a high wage. In addition, many occupations offer

high wages without requiring a bachelor’s degree. Consequently, many 4-digit occupations are associated

with high wages regardless of the level of education.4 These points can be seen in the Appendix, which

offers the following conclusions.

• For any WIA, average wages generally increase with educational attainment.

• However, the range of wages for any educational category is considerable. For example, the

highest wage for a 4-digit occupation requiring an associate’s degree for an entry-level job in

Pennsylvania ($59,220) is much larger than the lowest wage for a 4-digit occupation

2 Richards, Emily and Dave Terkanian, "Occupational Employment Projections to 2022," Monthly Labor Review, December 2013. 3 Carnevale, Anthony P., Cary Lou, and Neil Ridley, "Degrees of Value: College Majors and the Pennsylvania State System's Contribution to the Workforce," Georgetown University, Center on Education and Workforce, 2016, p.1. 4 Torpey, Elka, "High Wages after High School - Without a Bachelor's Degree," Occupational Outlook Quarterly, Summer 2012, pp. 24-37.

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requiring a bachelor’s degree ($16,950). Similar comparisons can be made for other levels of

educational attainment.

• For any level of education, average wages vary by a large amount across WIAs. For example,

holders of professional degrees usually have higher average wages in urban WIAs compared

to rural WIAs.

Therefore, given the import relationship between education and labor market outcomes, it is important to

understand the level of educational attainment across the state as displayed in Table 57 as well as to

understand how Pennsylvania’s educational employment requirements are expected to change by 2022 as

considered in Tables 58 and 59.

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Table 57 Educational Attainment by WIA in Pennsylvania (2010-2014)

Note: Population weights are the ratio of each WIA population to total Rural/Mixed/Urban WIA population. These weights are used to calculate the average for WIA-Mixed, WIA-Rural and WIA-Urban.

Examining the last two columns of Table 57 shows that, on average, 33.2 percent of the population who

are 25 years or older hold a bachelor’s, graduate, or professional degree in urban WIAs, compared with

23.0 percent in mixed WIAs and only 20.4 percent in rural WIAs. In addition, the percentage of the adult

population holding a bachelor’s degree or higher is less than the state average in every mixed and rural

WIA.

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Map 3

Source: American Community Survey 5 Year Estimates, 2010-2014, Educational Attainment, File S1501

In contrast, in five of the 10 urban WIAs, the number of bachelor’s and advanced degrees holders exceeds

the state average. It is interesting to note that these WIAs are found in the states’ two major population

centers surrounding Philadelphia in the southeast and Allegheny County in the west. Also, as indicated in

Table 51 in the previous section, wages are highest in these same areas. Specifically, 2014 entry-level

wages for the total of all occupations exceeded the state average in the Chester, Montgomery, Delaware,

Bucks, and Three-Rivers WIAs (as well as in the Philadelphia, Lehigh Valley, and Lancaster urban

WIAs), while the wages were less than the state average in every rural WIA.

Thus, there is a strong correlation between education, wages and employment opportunities, and this

correlation is magnified by population density.

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Table 58 shows that employment is expected to grow the fastest between 2012-2022 for holders of

associate and advanced degrees while jobs requiring on-the-job training will grow at slower rates.

Table 58 Employment Growth by Educational Level (2012-2022)

Overall growth rate 2012-2022 7.7% On-the job training 6.2% Long-term training 9.2% Postsecondary education or experience 8.9% Associate’s degree 15.8% Bachelor's degree 9.1% Advance degree 10.6% Source: Pennsylvania Department of Labor and Industry, Center for Workforce Information and Analysis, "Industry and Occupational Employment Projections 2012-2022", September 2014

As a consequence of the trends appearing in Table 57 and 58, by 2022, over 60 percent of Pennsylvania’s

jobs will require on-the-job training; approximately 17 percent will require formal education below the

bachelor’s degree, while the remainder will require bachelor’s or advanced degrees.

Table 59 Employment Distribution in Pennsylvania by Education/Training Level (2022)

On-the-job training 54% Short-term (41%) Moderate-Term (13%) Long-term training 7% Postsecondary Education or experience 13% Associate’s Degree 4% Bachelor's degree 16% Advanced Degree 6%

Source: Pennsylvania Department of Labor and Industry, Center for Workforce Information and Analysis, "Industry and Occupational Employment Projections 2012-2022", September 2014.

Pennsylvania’s Educational Infrastructure, Workforce Development Strategies, Network, and Programs

a) Educational Infrastructure

Many of Pennsylvania’s workforce development needs are addressed by a large and diverse network of

colleges and universities, community colleges, two-year colleges, and career and technical centers. This

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educational infrastructure is a major component of the state’s workforce development system described in

the next section.

The Pennsylvania Department of Education’s Educational Names and Addresses (EdNA) directory was

used to identify the county location of authorized degree-granting, postsecondary institutions in the state.

County data were assigned to WIAs and summary statistics by WIA category were compiled and are

presented in Table 60. Details for each WIA are presented in the Appendix.

Table 60 Location of Postsecondary Schools in Pennsylvania

Mixed WIA Rural WIA Urban WIA

Colleges of Technology (Thaddeus Stevens College of Technology) 0 0 1

Community Colleges 8 3 12

Other Approved Schools (i.e. Beauty, Mechanical Trade) 0 0 2

Other Colleges and Universities (i.e. Strayer, Phoenix) 3 1 16

Private College and University 12 9 63

Private Licensed Schools (i.e. Business, welding, taxidermy) 38 27 143

Private State-Aided Institution 2 0 7

Private Two-Year College 0 1 6

Specialized Associate Degree-Granting (i.e. Vet Training, Technical Institute)

20 14 38

State University (State System of Higher Education) 5 9 4

State-Related Commonwealth Campus (i.e. Branches of PSU, Temple, U of Pitt.)

14 7 9

Theological Seminary 3 2 9

Total 105 73 310

Source: Pennsylvania Department of Education, Education Names and Addresses (EdNA)

Note: Totals include branch campuses of colleges and universities.

An examination of Table 60 shows that a large percentage of postsecondary institutions are located in

urban WIAs, which have more than four times the number found in rural WIAs, although a major

exception to this finding is that the universities in the State System of Higher Education are more

predominant in rural as opposed to urban areas. The numbers in Table 60 may be somewhat misleading

because they are not adjusted for the enrollment size of the institution. Thus, Pennsylvania State

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University in Centre County is assigned the same weight as a much smaller school. Two additional

factors to note are that many postsecondary schools draw students from outside of their area, and that

graduates will frequently find employment elsewhere.

However, unlike the majority of Pennsylvania’s postsecondary schools, a higher percentage of the

universities comprising the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education (PASSHE) are located in

rural areas than in urban areas. The System’s Strategic Plan5 notes that the State System “must align

academic programs with real workforce and personal growth needs,” and to this end a stated strategic

goal is to “enable students to obtain credentials to prepare them for life, career, and the responsibilities of

citizenship.” The following strategic goals were set to address workforce development needs.

a) Goal 1.1 - Increase the number of degrees or certificates in science, technology, engineering, and

mathematics (STEM) and health-related disciplines awarded annually to 7,500.

b) Goal 1.3 – Develop, implement, and increase enrollments in programs designed to meet demonstrated

current and emerging workforce needs.

To help pursue these goals, PASSHE offers a Workforce Intelligence Toolkit on its website

(http://www.passhe.edu/Pages/default.aspx) that consists of two components: “Gap Analysis” and “Tools

for Improvement.”

A separate file in the EdNA directory was also used to identify the county location of Approved Nurse

Aid Training Programs and Career and Technical Centers. These programs offer career training to public

school students (primarily in 10th through 12th grade) as well as programs targeted to adults. Results were

summarized by WIA category and are presented in Table 61.

5 Pennsylvania's State System of Higher Education, "Strategic Plan 2020: Rising to the Challenge", 2014.

http://www.passhe.edu/Pages/default.aspx

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Table 61 Approved Nurse Aid Training Programs and Career and Technical Centers in PA

Mixed WIA Rural WIA Urban WIA

Approved Nurse Aid Training Program 70 69 80

Adult Career and Technical Center 1 0 1

Comprehensive Career and Technical Center 4 5 7

Occupational Career and Technical Center 19 23 25

Total 94 97 113

Source: Pennsylvania Department of Education, Education Names and Addresses (EdNA)

Note: Numbers for the Approved Nurse Aid Training Program are based on the location of the program's sponsor. In many cases a sponsor offers more than one training session at a particular site. These duplicate programs were not counted.

In contrast to the numbers presented in Table 60, Table 61 indicates that nurse aid and career and

technical programs are more evenly spread across rural, mixed and urban areas.

Still, the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE) has designated a number of counties as

educationally underserved counties that may be served by a Community Education Council, which is a

non-profit organization that serves its community by partnering with providers to offer educational

services to meet current and future economic development need based on the following criteria, “1) a

Community Education Council (CEC) has been established in the county because it is, by PDE‘s

definition, an educationally underserved area; or 2) a community college main, branch campus or off-

campus location is not located in the county.”6 As shown in Table 62, 34 rural counties and one urban

county meet these criteria.

6 Pennsylvania's Governor's Advisory Commission on Postsecondary Education, "Report and Recommendations," November 14, 2012.

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Table 62 Pennsylvania's Educationally Underserved Counties

County WIA County WIA

Centre R Central R Schuylkill R Luzerne M

Clinton R Central R Clarion R Northwest M

Lycoming R Central R Crawford R Northwest M

Mifflin R Central R Erie U Northwest M

Montour R Central R Forest R Northwest M

Snyder R Central R Venango R Northwest M

Union R Central R Warren R Northwest M

Cameron R North Central R Franklin R South Central M

Clearfield R North Central R Juniata R South Central M

Elk R North Central R Washington R Southwest Corner M

Jefferson R North Central R Fayette R Westmoreland-Fayette M

McKean R North Central R

Potter R North Central R

Bradford R Northern Tier R

Sullivan R Northern Tier R

Tioga R Northern Tier R

Wyoming R Northern Tier R

Bedford R Southern Alleghenies R

Fulton R Southern Alleghenies R

Huntingdon R Southern Alleghenies R

Somerset R Southern Alleghenies R

Armstrong R Tri County R

Lawrence R West Central R

Mercer R West Central R

Source: Pennsylvania Department of Education

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b) Workforce Development Strategies, Network and Programs

Pennsylvania responded to the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA) signed into law by

President Obama in 2014 by modifying the workforce development system to focus on three core

challenges.7

• The workforce system, in general, and education and training providers, in particular, are not well

aligned with the needs of employers who provide jobs that pay.

• Too many workforce programs operate in their own individual silos rather than being integrated

into an overall system that allows leveraging multiple funds to better serve employers, job seekers

and incumbent workers.

• The workforce lacks a support structure of training programs and employer peer-learning

opportunities, including apprenticeship programs and Industry Partnerships, which enables and

encourages more employers to invest in their workers and implement best organization practices

that create jobs that pay.

To address these major concerns, five broad goals were established to modify the workforce development

system.8

• Establish career pathways as the primary model for skill, credential and degree attainment and

provide all Pennsylvanians, with an emphasis on Pennsylvania with barriers to employment, and

to obtain a job that pays.

• Expand public-private investment in the state’s pipeline of workers and incumbent workers for

targeted industry sectors from entry-level skills to middle skills through Industry Partnerships,

WEDnetPA, and other innovative strategies.

7 Pennsylvania’s Workforce Development Plan (PY2016-PY2019), page 7. 8 Pennsylvania’s Workforce Development Plan (PY2016-PY2019), page 8.

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• Increase opportunities for all youth to participate in work based learning through summer

employment, pre-apprenticeship, internships and other similar experiences.

• Engage employers through multi-employer workforce partnerships to improve the connection and

responsiveness of workforce programs to the demand side of the labor market, increase public-

private investment in critical skills, and support the spread of employer practices that create jobs

that pay.

• Strengthen data sharing across state agencies and workforce development partners to better

understand education and employment outcomes and rely more effectively on data to improve

and target our efforts.

To accomplish the five goals, it is necessary to link state officials with local officials in the following

way.9

9 Pennsylvania’s Workforce Development Plan (PY2016-PY2019), Appendix II, Pennsylvania’s Workforce Development System, page 308.

GOVERNOR

State Agencies (L&I, DHS, Aging, DCED, DOC, DOE, Ag)

PA Workforce Development Board

Local Workforce Development Boards

Local Elected Officials

PA CareerLink®

Job Seekers Employers

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As part of this network, state agencies were identified as contributing to workforce development by

offering the following programs.10

Department of Labor and Industry

• Trade Act; Veterans Programs (Chapter 41 of Title 38); Unemployment Insurance;

PennSERVE; Industry Partnerships: Rapid Response Coordination Services; Trade

Adjustment Assistance Act Services

Department of Education

• Career and Technical Education Programs; K-12 Secondary Education; Office of

Commonwealth Libraries

Department of Human Services

• Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) Employment and Training (E&T);

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program E&T (SNAP); Keystone Education Yields

Success (KEYS): PA Work Wear; Juvenile Justice Services

Department of Community and Economic Development

• WEDnetPA; Partnerships for Regional Economic Performance; Community Services Block

Grant; PA Local Government Training Partnership; Powdered Metals Program

Department of Aging

• Senior Community Service Employment Program (SCSEP)

10 Pennsylvania’s Workforce Development Plan (PY2016-PY2019), page 45.

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Department of Corrections

• Vocational Education; Secondary Education/GED; Adult Basic Education Services; Career

Pathways in Reentry Initiative

Pennsylvania Board of Prohibition and Parole

• Returning Citizen Re-entry Programs

Department of Military and Veterans Affairs

• Veterans Programs

Department of Agriculture

Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education

• 4-year universities

Pennsylvania Community Colleges

• 14 Independent Community Colleges

Pennsylvania Higher Education Assistance Agency

• Student Financial Aid Provider; PA-TIP; Loan Forgiveness Program; Federal Teacher Loan

Forgiveness Program

Due to the variety of state agencies and programs contributing to workforce development, an interagency

work group was established and meets regularly to promote agency and program alignment and

cooperation. In addition, the Secretaries of the Department of Labor and Industry, the Department of

Community and Economic Development, the Department of Human Services, the Pennsylvania

Department of Education, and the Department of Agriculture all serve on the State Workforce

Development Board, which also promotes collaboration across departments and programs.11


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Given the complexity of the task, the state utilizes a few unifying concepts and programs to provide

guidance for the pursuit of workforce development efforts across agencies. To this end, during the last

decade the state has been using a sector-driven strategy. “The commonwealth will use sector strategies as

its major means of linking workforce development and economic development. The U.S. Department of

Labor (USDOL) defines Sector Strategies as “industry-focused approaches to workforce and economic

development that improve access to good jobs and increase job quality in ways that strengthen an

industry’s workforce.”12

This approach relies on the following components to achieve its goals.

1. Industry clusters focus on 12 industry groups that account for approximately 82 percent of all

employment in Pennsylvania. The cluster concept has been used as the basis for Industry

Partnerships of employer/worker consortiums that are useful in pursuing areas of common

interest among the participants.13

2. Workforce and Economic Development Network of Pennsylvania (WEDNet) is managed by the

Pennsylvania Department of Community and Economic Development. Program dollars are

available to businesses to help them develop the work skills of their employees.

3. High Priority Occupations (HPOs) that are critical to the success of the clusters. “HPOs are job

categories, within selected industry clusters, that are in demand by employers, have higher skill

needs and are likely to provide family-sustaining wages”.14 Each year the Department of Labor

and Industry develops a list of HPOs for each industry cluster for the state and for each WIA by

following a three step process; 1. Industry cluster analysis, 2. Occupational data analysis, and 3.

Expert input and regional factors analysis.15 The Department of Labor and Industry publishes its

12 Pennsylvania’s Workforce Development Plan (PY2016-PY2019), Appendix XIV: Sector Strategies and Workforce Intermediaries, page 327. 13 Pennsylvania’s Workforce Development Plan (PY2016-PY2019), pages 26-27. 14 Pennsylvania Department of Labor and Industry, High Priority Occupations Policy, November 2009, page 2. 15 Pennsylvania Department of Labor and Industry, High Priority Occupations Policy, November 2009, page 3.

120

lists for the state and each WIA in separate files that also provide data for educational attainment,

wages, job openings, unemployment rates, and employment and wage changes over a two year

and three year period respectively.

4. Career pathways are used to “provide training for skills that lead to employment in High Priority

Occupations (HPOs) or entry-level occupations that lead to HPOs. Career pathways must be

diverse with multiple entry and exit points allowing individuals of varying abilities, including

low-skilled adults and youth with multiple barriers to employment, to have realistic access to

pathways.”16

5. Career clusters are used by the Pennsylvania Department of Education to help students identify

beneficial careers. Sixteen occupational groupings are used to help students pursue career

pathways. The effort is associated with the National Association of State Directors of Career

Technical Education Consortium, which coordinates efforts in the United States.

6. Data collection, analysis, dissemination and assistance linking workers with jobs is provided by

the Department of Labor and Analysis. The Department publishes pdf versions of its annual

Pennsylvania Career Guide - Middle Schools Edition and Pennsylvania Career Guide – High

School Edition. It also provides an online Occupational Outlook Handbook, where users can

search by occupation; entry-level education; on-the-job training; number of new jobs projected,

and the projected growth rate of occupations. The Department’s Job Gateway feature is a service

of PA CareerLink that provides similar online search engines and also contains links for Veterans

Services; Career Resources; Career Tools; Skills Assessment; Career Videos; and Interview

Training; Military Occupation Translator, and Training Opportunities. A search engine for local

CareerLink offices where job searchers can receive personal help is also provided. Finally, the

Department also maintains an Office of Vocational Rehabilitation to assist the disabled in finding

a career or in pursuing educational opportunities.


121

Conclusions

National employment growth is projected to average 11 percent for the 2012-2022 decade. This growth

rate is estimated by BLS to be slightly lower than the previous two decades. Total employment growth

over the 2002-2012 decade was 15 percent and over the 1992-2002 decade 17 percent.

The lower growth of national employment is caused by the changing composition of the labor force. The

changing demographics have contributed to declining labor force participation rates primarily because the

substantial number of baby boomers (persons born between 1946 and 1964) are moving into older age

cohorts characterized by lower participation rates.

The aging of the population in the U.S. is expected to contribute to a substantial increase in the demand

for medical services and above average growth of the healthcare sector and related occupations. The BLS

also anticipates that the expanded medical insurance coverage of millions of Americans, through the

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, will add to the demand for healthcare services.

Three of the top five fastest growing occupations are directly or indirectly linked to the aging population:

Healthcare Practitioners and Technical, Healthcare Support and Personal Care and Service Occupations.

Construction and Extraction occupations are projected to grow rapidly because of the recovery of the

Construction Industry after the 2007-2009 recession and the return to its long run trend after years of

decline and employment in the Professional and Business Services sector is expected to grow

substantially because of the growth in technology.

Employment in Pennsylvania is expected to grow slower than the national employment, 7.7 percent rather

than 11 percent over the 2012-2022 decade, the total population of the state is expected to grow much

slower than the U.S. population and Pennsylvania’s GDP grew at an annual rate of 1.4 percent from 2010

to 2013 compared to the U.S. GDP, which grew at 2 percent. Furthermore, the population of the

commonwealth is older than the rest of the nation, except Florida, and it is projected to age even more in

the future.

122

The CWIA projects that 467,940 jobs will be added over the 2012-2022 period by all industries and

175,880 of all those new jobs will be in the Healthcare and Social Assistance sector. The same

demographic changes that influence the national occupational projections also affect Pennsylvania’s

future occupational structure. As the demand for health-related services increases by the aging population

of the state, 38 percent of all new jobs over the decade will be in health-related occupations.

Other fast growing industries in Pennsylvania are: Construction, Administrative and Waste Services,

Professional and Technical Services, and Transportation and Warehousing.

The fastest growing industries in both rural and urban counties in Pennsylvania for 2012-2022 are

projected by the CWIA to be Healthcare and Social Assistance and Construction. All Workforce

Investment Areas containing rural, urban and mixed counties include these two industries in their top five

employment growth industries.

The Accommodation and Food Service Sector is identified as a top five employment growth industry in

eight out of the 10 urban WIAs, in five out of the seven rural WIAs and in four out the five mixed WIAs.

123

Map 4


The Administrative and Waste Services sector is one of the top five employment growth sectors in all

urban and mixed WIAs but in only two rural WIAs, Tri-County and West Central. Population density

appears to be a factor affecting the growth of this industry since these two rural areas have the highest

population density of all rural WIAs.

The Transportation and Warehousing sector is a top five growth sector in rural counties. Six out of the

seven rural WIAs identify Transportation and Warehousing as a fast employment growth sector; only

three urban and three mixed WIAs identify this sector as a top five employment growth industry.

124

Map 5


The fastest growing occupations in rural and urban counties over the 2012-2022 decade are those

associated with the Healthcare and the Construction industries:

• Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Occupations;

• Healthcare Support Occupations;

• Personal Care and Support Occupations; and

• Construction Occupations.

125

Map 6


Transportation and Material Moving occupations are projected to grow primarily in rural areas and

Business and Financial Operations occupations are projected to grow in urban areas. There are a number

of factors affecting employment growth in specific industries and occupations in rural and urban counties

in Pennsylvania.

Demographic changes are expected to increase the number of older persons in all states and particularly

Pennsylvania, causing an increase in the demand for healthcare and the growth of industries associated

with such services.

126

Map 7


The same demographic trends will cause lower labor force participation rates and create a lower growth

environment for all industries.

Interregional differences among Pennsylvania counties create growth opportunities for certain industries

and occupations. Business and Financial Operations occupations grow faster in urban counties. Office and

Administrative Support occupations are in greater demand in densely populated areas. Transportation and

Material Moving occupations are expected to grow in rural counties.

Educational attainment levels are higher in urban counties, as 33.2 percent of the adult population have

bachelor’s degrees or higher as opposed to only 20.4 percent of adults in rural counties. The educational

gap contributes significantly to the income gap. Wages are significantly higher in urban counties. The

127

highest entry level wages projected for 2022 will be earned in urban counties reflecting the higher

educational attainment levels.

These trends are expected to continue during the 2012-2022 decade.

In March 2014, the Center for Rural Pennsylvania published the results of a study (Looking Ahead:

Pennsylvania Population Projections 2010-2040) that estimated population growth for rural and urban

counties in the state. Rural county populations were expected to grow by 4 percent during those 30 years

while urban county populations were expected to grow by 14 percent. The aging of the rural county

population is projected to continue. The percentage of rural county residents over 65 years old is

projected to increase from 17 percent in 2010 to 25 percent in 2040. Urban county senior citizens are

expected to grow from 15 to 22 percent over the same period.

The researchers conducted a survey asking the WDBs of the 22 WIAs in Pennsylvania to examine the

industry and occupational employment projections in their areas and state whether, based on their own

familiarity with local economic conditions, actual growth rates will equal, exceed or be lower than the

CWIAs projections. The great majority of the respondents indicated agreement with the CWIA

projections.

The same survey asked local WDB’s to comment on the adequacy of their local educational and training

facilities in meeting industry and occupational workforce needs. The respondents unanimously expressed

confidence in the ability of their local facilities to meet future educational and training needs.

128

Bibliography

Baum, Sandy; Jennifer Ma, and Kathleen Payea, "Education Pays 2013: The Benefits of Higher Education for

Individuals and Society", The College Board, 2013.

Carnevale, Anthony P., and Nicole Smith, "A Decade Behind: Breaking Out of the Low-Skill Trap in the

Southern Economy", Georgetown University, Center on Education and the Workforce, 2012.

Carnevale, Anthony P., Nicole Smith, and Jeff Strohl, "Recovery: Job Growth and Education Requirements

Through 2020", Georgetown University, Center on Education and the Workforce, 2010.

Carnevale, Anthony P.; Cary Lou, and Neil Ridley, "Degrees of Value: College Majors and the Pennsylvania

State System's Contribution to the Workforce", Georgetown University, Center on Education and the Workforce,

2016.

Carnevale, Anthony P; Ban Cheah, and Andrew R. Hanson, "The Economic Value of College Majors",

Georgetown University, Center on Education and the Workforce, 2015.

Henderson, Richard, "Industry Employment and Output Projections to 2022", Monthly Labor Review, December

2013.

Muller, Rob; J.D.Hoye, and Richard Kazis, "Career and Technical Education in Pennsylvania: Opportunities for

Commonwealth Policy," Jobs for the Future, February 2005.

Pennsylvania Department of Labor and Industry, "High Priority Occupations Policy", November 2009.

Pennsylvania's Governor's Advisory Commission on Postsecondary Education, "Report and Recommendations",

November 14, 2012.

Pennsylvania’s Workforce Development Plan (PY2016-PY2019), April 13, 2016

Richards, Emily and Dave Terkanian, "Occupational Employment Projections to 2022", Monthly Labor Review,

December 2013.

Simchock, Katherine C.; and Charles Sabulski, "Finding a Career Path Just for You", Pennsylvania Department

of Education Webinar presentation, April 2014.

129

Toossi, Mitra, "Labor Force Projections to 2022: The Labor Force Participation Rate Conyinues to Fall", Monthly

Labor Review, December 2013.

Torpey, Elka, "High Wages after High School - Without a Bachelor's Degree", Occupational Outlook Quarterly,

Summer 2012, pp. 24-37.

United States Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, "Earnings and Employment Rates by Educational

Attainment", February 2016.

United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, Handbook of Methods, Chapter 13: Employment Projections.

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December 2013.

130

Appendix

145

SHARE OF EMPLOYMENT AND EMPLOYMENT GROWTH 2012-2022

4.7%

1.6%

1.2%

1.8%

3.2%

2.5%

1.4%

4.3%

1.5% 1.3%

2.0%

3.2%

2.6%

1.3%

0.0%

1.0%

2.0%

3.0%

4.0%

5.0%

Central North Central Northern Tier Pocono SouthernAlleghenies

Tri-County West Central

Share of Employment and Employment Growth for Rural WIAs

WIA Employment as % of Total PA Employment, 2012 WIA Emp Growth as % of Total Emp Growth 2012-2022

146

3.0%

4.6% 4.3% 3.9%

1.7%

4.2% 5.1%

8.4%

11.2% 12.2%

3.3%

5.1% 5.8%

3.8%

2.1%

4.3%

5.6%

8.9% 9.6% 10.0%

0.0%

3.0%

6.0%

9.0%

12.0%

15.0%

Share of Employment and Employment Growth for Urban WIAs

WIA Employment as % of Total PA Employment, 2012 WIA Emp Growth as % of Total Emp Growth 2012-2022

147

AVERAGE EMPLOYMENT BY INDUSTRY, 2012

WIAs with Single Urban County

IndustryIndustry

Code Berks Bucks Chester Delaware Lackawanna Lancaster Montgomery Philadelphia Three Rivers

Total, All Industries 10 163,752 247,492 235,868 210,431 96,548 219,649 465,788 630,122 683,173

Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 11 2,327 397 5,815 120 131 2,313 304 Confidential 150Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction 21 232 182 133 97 55 364 202 Confidential 2,146Utilities 22 991 840 564 869 216 384 2,608 4,324 3,827Construction 23 6,585 13,348 9,237 9,091 3,294 13,952 19,902 11,660 26,685Manufacturing 31-33 29,626 27,455 19,402 15,550 9,404 36,094 42,856 23,668 36,653Wholesale Trade 42 6,643 13,508 11,724 6,621 3,486 11,857 23,060 14,356 22,327Retail Trade 44-45 19,414 36,717 27,171 23,117 13,086 29,129 56,368 48,966 74,304Transportation and Warehousing 48-49 5,509 7,236 7,966 8,533 4,959 10,332 10,960 34,364 25,062Information 51 1,344 5,075 5,497 2,524 1,621 3,001 11,509 12,372 13,031Finance and Insurance 52 4,304 7,775 18,937 11,633 4,864 6,370 33,607 31,398 45,897Real Estate and Rental and Leasing 53 1,549 2,529 3,524 2,466 656 1,810 6,495 8,506 9,570Professional and Technical Services 54 6,488 14,083 24,758 11,815 4,353 7,987 52,786 42,988 55,035Management of Companies and Enterprises 55 4,618 3,956 7,760 6,386 1,087 3,439 12,502 12,352 27,961Administrative and Waste Services 56 8,700 13,191 11,092 11,628 5,412 8,847 31,648 25,046 37,533Educational Services 61 14,641 18,936 18,440 24,082 8,702 15,443 30,780 79,664 61,978Health Care and Social Assistance 62 26,609 42,029 31,596 40,625 19,514 35,166 67,962 145,697 126,405Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 71 2,277 6,043 3,906 4,753 1,124 3,936 6,608 11,242 13,272Accommodation and Food Services 72 11,852 19,901 14,586 15,267 8,053 18,443 29,304 52,034 55,327Other Services, Ex. Public Admin 81 4,852 9,110 9,238 8,053 3,135 6,754 15,829 21,783 24,104Public Administration 92 5,193 5,180 4,522 7,203 3,398 4,028 10,499 49,660 21,905Government 99 20916 23679 21751 24326 10741 19150 35198 98877 65767

148

WIA – LEHIGH VALLEY (Urban)

Source: QCEW (Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages) published by the Pennsylvania Center for Workforce Information and Analysis (CWIA)

IndustryIndustry

Code Total Lehigh Northampton

Total, All Industries 10 279,315 63% 37%Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 11 105 NA 100%Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction 21 46 NA 100%Utilities 22 1,129 53% 47%Construction 23 9,592 59% 41%Manufacturing 31-33 29,470 56% 44%Wholesale Trade 42 11,552 72% 28%Retail Trade 44-45 32,198 60% 40%Transportation and Warehousing 48-49 17,825 63% 37%Information 51 4,183 64% 36%Finance and Insurance 52 10,585 59% 41%Real Estate and Rental and Leasing 53 2,379 65% 35%Professional and Technical Services 54 10,849 67% 33%Management of Companies and Enterprises 55 9,980 87% 13%Administrative and Waste Services 56 18,920 65% 35%Educational Services 61 24,693 50% 50%Health Care and Social Assistance 62 50,609 73% 27%Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 71 6,281 50% 50%Accommodation and Food Services 72 21,459 59% 41%Other Services, Ex. Public Admin 81 8,451 62% 38%Public Administration 92 8,231 54% 46%Government 99 31,395 54% 46%

149

WIA – CENTRAL (Rural)


IndustryIndustry

Code Total Centre Clinton Columbia Lycoming Mifflin Montour Northumberland Snyder Union

Total, All Industries 10 248,375 27% 5% 10% 22% 6% 7% 11% 6% 6%Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 11 1,135 NA 14% 11% 13% 6% 8% 29% 13% 6%Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction 21 2,559 14% NA 2% 75% 3% NA 7% NA NAUtilities 22 1,545 16% 7% 5% 11% 39% NA 16% 7% NAConstruction 23 13,957 21% 5% 8% 18% 27% 2% 9% 4% 4%Manufacturing 31-33 30,476 13% 9% 17% 28% 2% 2% 15% 10% 4%Wholesale Trade 42 8,819 11% 5% 4% 28% 23% 1% 13% 11% 4%Retail Trade 44-45 28,564 27% 6% 13% 24% 2% 2% 10% 10% 6%Transportation and Warehousing 48-49 9,044 18% 6% 14% 22% 2% 3% 26% 3% 6%Information 51 3,193 36% 4% 12% 17% 12% 1% 10% 3% 4%Finance and Insurance 52 4,907 26% 4% 11% 28% 1% 4% 12% 6% 8%Real Estate and Rental and Leasing 53 2,091 40% 7% 10% 23% 7% 1% NA 4% 8%Professional and Technical Services 54 7,724 41% 2% 11% 27% 1% 5% 6% 3% 4%Management of Companies and Enterprises 55 1,894 37% NA 9% 17% 15% NA 11% NA 11%Administrative and Waste Services 56 7,961 18% 6% 8% 34% 13% 4% 11% 3% 4%Educational Services 61 17,886 NA 8% 16% 25% 17% NA 15% 7% 12%Health Care and Social Assistance 62 38,908 20% 4% 8% 21% 0% 19% 12% 5% 10%Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 71 2,942 23% 2% 12% 10% 42% 3% NA 4% 3%Accommodation and Food Services 72 20,367 31% 6% 12% 22% 2% 3% 7% 8% 9%Other Services, Ex. Public Admin 81 7,195 26% 5% 8% 28% 7% 3% 14% 5% 4%Public Administration 92 12,554 22% 5% 6% 18% 14% 2% 14% 3% 15%Government 99 26,346 18% 9% 9% 28% 0% 3% 17% 4% 11%

150

WIA – NORTH CENTRAL (Rural)


IndustryIndustry

Code Total Cameron Clearfield Elk Jefferson McKean Potter

Total, All Industries 10 85,706 2% 36% 18% 18% 19% 6%Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 11 397 NA 16% 13% 21% 25% 25%Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction 21 3,109 NA 23% 6% 24% 46% 1%Utilities 22 655 NA 59% 14% 10% 17% NAConstruction 23 2,933 2% 26% 16% 24% 23% 10%Manufacturing 31-33 17,587 6% 15% 36% 21% 18% 4%Wholesale Trade 42 2,027 1% 38% 11% 21% 19% 10%Retail Trade 44-45 9,963 2% 46% 14% 18% 16% 5%Transportation and Warehousing 48-49 5,344 1% 59% 9% 14% 10% 7%Information 51 1,083 1% 28% 11% 12% 13% 34%Finance and Insurance 52 1,736 1% 45% 15% 16% 18% 5%Real Estate and Rental and Leasing 53 426 NA 72% 10% 17% NA 2%Professional and Technical Services 54 1,970 1% 50% 16% 17% 11% 6%Management of Companies and Enterprises 55 237 NA 44% 29% 27% NA NAAdministrative and Waste Services 56 2,345 NA 40% 15% 10% 26% 10%Educational Services 61 6,420 3% 37% 12% 16% 24% 8%Health Care and Social Assistance 62 15,933 NA 41% 14% 20% 18% 6%Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 71 576 18% 28% 18% 14% 17% 5%Accommodation and Food Services 72 5,497 1% 43% 14% 20% 18% 5%Other Services, Ex. Public Admin 81 3,067 7% 45% 14% 14% 15% 4%Public Administration 92 4,434 9% 38% 10% 14% 21% 8%Government 99 11,556 0% 41% 12% 17% 21% 9%

151

WIA – NORTHERN TIER (Rural)


IndustryIndustry

Code Total Bradford Sullivan Susquehanna Tioga Wyoming

Total, All Industries 10 59,480 42% 3% 16% 23% 17%Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 11 480 37% 3% 11% 21% 29%Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction 21 2,778 49% NA 28% 13% 10%Utilities 22 336 47% NA NA 45% 8%Construction 23 3,059 32% 4% 29% 16% 19%Manufacturing 31-33 6,998 60% 1% 8% 31% NAWholesale Trade 42 1,743 38% NA 11% 29% 22%Retail Trade 44-45 7,730 39% 3% 16% 26% 17%Transportation and Warehousing 48-49 3,398 39% 1% 10% 23% 27%Information 51 626 37% 5% 17% 26% 15%Finance and Insurance 52 1,399 38% 2% 17% 28% 16%Real Estate and Rental and Leasing 53 821 73% NA 19% 6% 2%Professional and Technical Services 54 1,486 45% 2% 17% 25% 12%Management of Companies and Enterprises 55 158 NA 28% 51% 21% NAAdministrative and Waste Services 56 1,273 41% NA 15% 21% 24%Educational Services 61 5,398 32% 9% 22% 25% 12%Health Care and Social Assistance 62 9,477 53% NA 14% 22% 11%Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 71 287 NA 44% NA 27% 29%Accommodation and Food Services 72 4,170 34% 1% 21% 28% 17%Other Services, Ex. Public Admin 81 1,681 32% 12% 20% 23% 14%Public Administration 92 3,119 37% 13% 14% 25% 12%Government 99 8,836 37% 0% 22% 28% 13%

152

WIA – POCONO (Rural)


IndustryIndustry

Code Total Carbon Monroe Pike Wayne

Total, All Industries 10 96,747 17% 57% 11% 16%Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 11 168 20% 46% 10% 24%Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction 21 227 10% 27% 10% 54%Utilities 22 302 31% 34% 13% 22%Construction 23 3,784 15% 43% 10% 32%Manufacturing 31-33 7,228 24% 67% 2% 7%Wholesale Trade 42 1,631 18% 61% 4% 17%Retail Trade 44-45 15,693 13% 59% 12% 16%Transportation and Warehousing 48-49 3,740 18% 65% 6% 11%Information 51 1,714 62% 19% 4% 15%Finance and Insurance 52 2,021 17% 49% 10% 24%Real Estate and Rental and Leasing 53 1,108 10% 69% 12% 9%Professional and Technical Services 54 1,936 12% 65% 10% 13%Management of Companies and Enterprises 55 295 18% 40% 15% 26%Administrative and Waste Services 56 2,552 7% 69% 4% 20%Educational Services 61 10,012 16% 58% 16% 10%Health Care and Social Assistance 62 14,346 26% 48% 8% 19%Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 71 4,293 22% 64% 11% 3%Accommodation and Food Services 72 13,179 13% 58% 14% 15%Other Services, Ex. Public Admin 81 3,981 10% 49% 23% 17%Public Administration 92 8,537 10% 62% 8% 21%Government 99 20,040 13% 59% 13% 15%

153

WIA –SOUTHERN ALLEGHENIES Rural)


IndustryIndustry

Code Total Bedford Blair Cambria Fulton Huntingdon Somerset

Total, All Industries 10 172,129 9% 34% 33% 3% 7% 14%Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 11 707 22% NA 13% 9% 31% 25%Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction 21 1,646 NA NA 25% NA NA 75%Utilities 22 1,190 10% 26% 38% 3% 11% 13%Construction 23 7,849 18% 29% 23% 5% 8% 16%Manufacturing 31-33 19,588 10% 38% 21% 9% 8% 14%Wholesale Trade 42 5,720 7% 41% 30% 1% 4% 17%Retail Trade 44-45 22,595 10% 38% 32% 2% 7% 12%Transportation and Warehousing 48-49 9,787 18% 36% 25% 1% 5% 15%Information 51 1,978 6% 41% 38% 1% 6% 8%Finance and Insurance 52 4,994 7% 22% 47% 2% 8% 14%Real Estate and Rental and Leasing 53 1,037 2% 36% 39% 2% 4% 17%Professional and Technical Services 54 5,785 4% 37% 43% 1% 4% 12%Management of Companies and Enterprises 55 1,008 NA 50% 39% NA NA 11%Administrative and Waste Services 56 6,451 8% 43% 38% 0% 4% 6%Educational Services 61 14,047 8% 29% 37% 3% 10% 13%Health Care and Social Assistance 62 35,319 6% 35% 39% 2% 6% 12%Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 71 1,802 6% 47% 29% NA 8% 10%Accommodation and Food Services 72 14,401 12% 30% 29% 1% 7% 20%Other Services, Ex. Public Admin 81 5,805 7% 35% 36% 2% 6% 13%Public Administration 92 9,397 5% 19% 34% 2% 18% 22%Government 99 26,975 8% 29% 32% 3% 11% 17%

154

WIA –TRI-COUNTY Rural)


IndustryIndustry

Code Total Armstrong Butler Indiana

Total, All Industries 10 133,885 13% 62% 25%Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 11 563 15% 35% 50%Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction 21 4,921 28% 9% 63%Utilities 22 1,573 16% 23% 62%Construction 23 6,281 11% 66% 23%Manufacturing 31-33 16,927 13% 74% 14%Wholesale Trade 42 5,815 8% 74% 18%Retail Trade 44-45 17,861 12% 60% 28%Transportation and Warehousing 48-49 4,932 23% 57% 21%Information 51 1,704 7% 72% 21%Finance and Insurance 52 3,849 16% 58% 26%Real Estate and Rental and Leasing 53 919 15% 60% 25%Professional and Technical Services 54 4,711 8% 69% 24%Management of Companies and Enterprises 55 4,738 0% 85% 15%Administrative and Waste Services 56 6,067 4% 82% 14%Educational Services 61 10,724 14% 53% 34%Health Care and Social Assistance 62 20,100 19% 59% 23%Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 71 1,271 17% 65% 17%Accommodation and Food Services 72 10,828 10% 64% 25%Other Services, Ex. Public Admin 81 4,931 14% 59% 27%Public Administration 92 5,170 16% 60% 24%Government 99 18,267 16% 54% 30%

155

WIA –WEST CENTRAL Rural)

IndustryIndustry

Code Total Lawrence Mercer

Total, All Industries 10 76,784 38% 62%Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 11 153 45% 55%Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction 21 419 19% 81%Utilities 22 413 52% 48%Construction 23 3,344 56% 44%Manufacturing 31-33 11,948 31% 69%Wholesale Trade 42 2,340 40% 60%Retail Trade 44-45 10,440 32% 68%Transportation and Warehousing 48-49 3,147 41% 59%Information 51 907 53% 47%Finance and Insurance 52 2,556 45% 55%Real Estate and Rental and Leasing 53 610 38% 62%Professional and Technical Services 54 1,497 51% 49%Management of Companies and Enterprises 55 847 46% 54%Administrative and Waste Services 56 2,826 40% 60%Educational Services 61 6,657 42% 58%Health Care and Social Assistance 62 16,331 37% 63%Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 71 806 41% 59%Accommodation and Food Services 72 6,392 34% 66%Other Services, Ex. Public Admin 81 2,353 43% 57%Public Administration 92 2,798 40% 60%Government 99 9,347 43% 57%

156

WIA –LUZERNE-SCHUYLKILL (Mixed)


IndustryIndustry

Code Total Luzerne Schuylkill

Total, All Industries 10 188,840 74% 26%Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 11 763 2% 98%Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction 21 1,071 49% 51%Utilities 22 2,524 84% 16%Construction 23 6,631 75% 25%Manufacturing 31-33 25,101 60% 40%Wholesale Trade 42 7,603 85% 15%Retail Trade 44-45 23,454 76% 24%Transportation and Warehousing 48-49 16,918 68% 32%Information 51 4,228 91% 9%Finance and Insurance 52 5,911 82% 18%Real Estate and Rental and Leasing 53 1,136 82% 18%Professional and Technical Services 54 4,356 80% 20%Management of Companies and Enterprises 55 2,327 76% 24%Administrative and Waste Services 56 10,180 82% 18%Educational Services 61 13,742 72% 28%Health Care and Social Assistance 62 32,989 75% 25%Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 71 2,771 90% 10%Accommodation and Food Services 72 13,360 79% 21%Other Services, Ex. Public Admin 81 4,837 74% 26%Public Administration 92 8,941 66% 34%Government 99 24,817 69% 31%

157

WIA –NORTHWEST (Mixed)


IndustryIndustry

Code Total Clarion Crawford Erie Forest Venango Warren

Total, All Industries 10 206,549 7% 15% 60% 1% 10% 7%Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 11 853 9% 30% 44% 4% 3% 9%Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction 21 1,367 35% 21% 9% 8% 10% 16%Utilities 22 1,158 15% 14% 48% 7% 13% 10%Construction 23 6,429 11% 13% 62% NA 7% 6%Manufacturing 31-33 37,982 3% 19% 59% 0% 12% 6%Wholesale Trade 42 4,997 6% 10% 68% 2% 10% 5%Retail Trade 44-45 25,307 7% 14% 61% 0% 12% 6%Transportation and Warehousing 48-49 6,961 6% 11% 50% 0% 13% 20%Information 51 2,176 5% 14% 68% NA 6% 6%Finance and Insurance 52 7,071 5% 9% 70% NA 5% 10%Real Estate and Rental and Leasing 53 1,352 6% 16% 68% NA 10% NAProfessional and Technical Services 54 4,783 5% 16% 61% 0% 12% 6%Management of Companies and Enterprises 55 1,882 2% 6% 36% NA 4% 53%Administrative and Waste Services 56 7,980 2% 15% 70% 6% 10% 2%Educational Services 61 16,861 12% 15% 66% 1% 7% NAHealth Care and Social Assistance 62 41,266 7% 14% 60% 0% 10% 8%Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 71 3,562 1% 9% 85% 22% 2% 3%Accommodation and Food Services 72 17,053 8% 15% 63% 1% 8% 5%Other Services, Ex. Public Admin 81 7,884 7% 14% 62% 0% 10% 6%Public Administration 92 8,384 6% 20% 47% 0% 11% 7%Government 99 27,638 10% 16% 55% 0% 12% 7%

158

WIA –SOUTH CENTRAL (Mixed)


IndustryIndustry

Code Total Adams Cumberland Dauphin Franklin Juniata Lebanon Perry York

Total, All Industries 10 620,407 5% 20% 28% 9% 1% 8% 1% 28%Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 11 4,339 38%* 6% 15% 16% 3% 7% 4% 10%Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction 21 523 NA 15% 31% NA NA 40% NA 54%Utilities 22 2,594 NA 4% 37% NA 1% 66% 1% 50%Construction 23 25,183 6% 17% 20% 8% 2% 36% 2% 38%Manufacturing 31-33 78,821 8% 10% 15% 12% 3% 3% 1% 40%Wholesale Trade 42 21,701 3% 18% 32% 7% 1% 29% 1% 27%Retail Trade 44-45 70,796 5% 22% 21% 10% 1% 4% 2% 30%Transportation and Warehousing 48-49 40,696 3% 31% 20% 13% 1% 2% 2% 22%Information 51 8,116 5% 29% 29% 5% 0% 11% 0% 22%Finance and Insurance 52 27,520 2% 30% 47% 4% 1% 1% 1% 12%Real Estate and Rental and Leasing 53 5,095 3% 27% 27% 6% 0% 18% 1% 30%Professional and Technical Services 54 23,272 3% 31% 30% 7% 0% 1% 1% 24%Management of Companies and Enterprises 55 12,404 2% 35% 29% 3% NA 19% NA 30%Administrative and Waste Services 56 31,631 1% 26% 29% 8% 0% 12% 0% 27%Educational Services 61 45,869 8% 21% 25% 9% NA 19% 2% 27%Health Care and Social Assistance 62 89,543 5% 17% 30% 10% 1% 0% 1% 27%Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 71 12,158 6% 10% 58% 6% NA 28% 0% 17%Accommodation and Food Services 72 48,448 8% 19% 28% 9% 1% 3% 1% 27%Other Services, Ex. Public Admin 81 21,762 5% 21% 28% 9% 1% 14% 1% 29%Public Administration 92 49,003 3% 15% 51% 7% 0% 17% 1% 16%Government 99 99,351 4% 16% 40% 9% 1% 0% 2% 20%

159

WIA –SOUTHWEST CORNER (Mixed)

IndustryIndustry

Code Total Beaver Greene Washingtom

Total, All Industries 10 155,779 35% 10% 55%Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 11 141 26% NA 74%Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction 21 7,546 4% 56% 40%Utilities 22 2,857 68% 7% 24%Construction 23 11,704 17% 11% 71%Manufacturing 31-33 16,925 44% 2% 54%Wholesale Trade 42 5,471 23% 5% 72%Retail Trade 44-45 18,702 40% 8% 52%Transportation and Warehousing 48-49 6,693 39% 12% 49%Information 51 1,542 24% 5% 71%Finance and Insurance 52 3,291 30% 9% 61%Real Estate and Rental and Leasing 53 2,132 19% 7% 74%Professional and Technical Services 54 6,512 48% 7% 46%Management of Companies and Enterprises 55 2,681 13% 2% 85%Administrative and Waste Services 56 5,047 37% 2% 61%Educational Services 61 12,633 41% 10% 49%Health Care and Social Assistance 62 25,692 41% 6% 53%Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 71 3,169 18% NA 82%Accommodation and Food Services 72 11,747 36% 7% 58%Other Services, Ex. Public Admin 81 5,680 36% 8% 55%Public Administration 92 5,554 37% 23% 39%Government 99 19,258 40% 13% 47%

160

WIA –WESTMORELAND-FAYETTE (Mixed)


IndustryIndustry

Code Total Fayette Westmoreland

Total, All Industries 10 173,076 23% 77%Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 11 359 17% 83%Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction 21 1,647 50% 50%Utilities 22 1,393 38% 62%Construction 23 8,932 21% 79%Manufacturing 31-33 21,825 18% 82%Wholesale Trade 42 7,435 15% 85%Retail Trade 44-45 24,556 25% 75%Transportation and Warehousing 48-49 10,267 19% 81%Information 51 1,916 29% 71%Finance and Insurance 52 3,701 17% 83%Real Estate and Rental and Leasing 53 1,354 27% 73%Professional and Technical Services 54 6,540 20% 80%Management of Companies and Enterprises 55 2,401 5% 95%Administrative and Waste Services 56 6,897 27% 73%Educational Services 61 12,736 25% 75%Health Care and Social Assistance 62 28,823 27% 73%Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 71 2,697 17% 83%Accommodation and Food Services 72 16,858 26% 74%Other Services, Ex. Public Admin 81 6,349 19% 81%Public Administration 92 6,389 32% 68%Government 99 21,752 28% 72%

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Pennsylvania 4 2 3 1 5 76% 467,940Luzerne-Schuylkill M 4 3 2 1 5 92% 15,490Northwest M 5 2 1 3 4 79% 15,920South Central M 4 3 5 2 1 68% 54,450Southwest Corner M 2 3 5 1 4 77% 12,210Westmoreland-Fayette M 3 5 2 1 4 78% 15,330Central R 2 5 3 1 4 78% 19,520North Central R 5 4 2 1 3 89% 6,860Northern Tier R 5 2 4 3 1 76% 6,040Pocono R 2 5 1 4 3 66% 8,810Southern Alleghenies R 2 5 4 1 3 78% 14,310Tri-County R 4 5 2 1 3 78% 11,790West Central R 3 2 4 1 5 80% 5,640Berks U 2 5 3 4 1 67% 15,010Bucks U 3 4 2 1 5 80% 23,180Chester U 4 1 3 2 5 75% 26,260Delaware U 2 3 4 1 5 81% 17,240Lackawanna U 5 4 3 1 2 76% 9,510Lancaster U 2 3 4 1 5 74% 19,380Lehigh Valley U 5 4 2 1 3 76% 25,030Montgomery U 4 5 2 3 1 76% 40,050Philadelphia U 4 2 5 1 3 92% 43,420Three Rivers U 3 2 4 1 5 82% 44,830Number of WIAs with 1-5 Rank 1 20 1 1 1 12 1 11 17 3 22 1 17 2

Top 5 Projected Employment Change (growth) by Industry 2012-2022

Note: Cells indicate the ranking 1-5 of column industry for row PA (WIA) employment growth 2012-2022

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Pennsylvania 1 5 4 3 2 74% 467,940Luzerne-Schuylkill M 3 4 5 1 2 88% 15,490Northwest M 5 4 1 3 2 69% 15,920South Central M 4 3 2 1 5 64% 54,450Southwest Corner M 4 5 2 1 3 75% 12,210Westmoreland-Fayette M 4 5 3 2 1 72% 15,330Central R 1 3 4 5 2 66% 19,520North Central R 5 2 4 1 3 80% 6,860Northern Tier R 3 4 1 2 5 69% 6,040Pocono R 4 1 5 2 3 53% 8,810Southern Alleghenies R 2 5 1 4 3 75% 14,310Tri-County R 3 2 1 4 5 75% 11,790West Central R 1 3 5 4 2 71% 5,640Berks U 1 4 3 2 5 61% 15,010Bucks U 2 5 4 1 3 75% 23,180Chester U 4 3 2 1 5 67% 26,260Delaware U 2 5 3 4 1 76% 17,240Lackawanna U 1 5 3 2 4 66% 9,510Lancaster U 2 1 4 3 5 68% 19,380Lehigh Valley U 2 5 3 1 4 74% 25,030Montgomery U 2 4 1 5 3 75% 40,050Philadelphia U 1 3 4 2 5 82% 43,420Three Rivers U 2 3 1 5 4 76% 44,830Number of WIAs with 1-5 Rank 3 1 20 12 7 14 4 19 22 7 1

Top 5 Projected % Employment Change (growth) by Industry 2012-2022

Note: Cells indicate the ranking 1-5 of column industry for row PA (WIA) % employment growth 2012-2022

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Pennsylvania 16 17 18 19 20 467,940Luzerne-Schuylkill M 20 16 18 17 19 15,490Northwest M 19 17 20 16 18 15,920South Central M 16 17 18 19 20 54,450Southwest Corner M 16 19 17 20 18 12,210Westmoreland-Fayette M 17 18 19 20 16 15,330Central R 19 17 18 20 16 19,520North Central R 16 18 17 19 20 6,860Northern Tier R 18 17 19 20 16 6,040Pocono R 16 20 19 18 17 8,810Southern Alleghenies R 17 20 18 19 16 14,310Tri-County R 19 18 16 20 17 11,790West Central R 16 17 18 19 20 5,640Berks U 17 20 19 16 18 15,010Bucks U 16 19 20 18 17 23,180Chester U 17 18 20 19 16 26,260Delaware U 16 19 20 18 17 17,240Lackawanna U 16 19 20 17 18 9,510Lancaster U 17 18 19 16 20 19,380Lehigh Valley U 20 16 19 18 17 25,030Montgomery U 17 20 16 19 18 40,050Philadelphia U 18 19 20 16 17 43,420Three Rivers U 16 17 19 18 20 44,830Number of WIAs with 16-20 Rank 16 13 17 12 1 21 7 1 5 1 4 17Note: Cells indicate the ranking 16-20 of column industry for row PA (WIA) employment change 2012-2022

Bottom 5 Projected Employment Change by Industry 2012-2022

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Pennsylvania 16 18 17 20 19 467,940Luzerne-Schuylkill M 20 19 16 18 17 15,490Northwest M 19 17 16 20 18 15,920South Central M 16 20 17 19 18 54,450SW Corner M 16 19 20 18 17 12,210West-Fay M 17 18 19 20 16 15,330Central R 19 17 18 20 16 19,520North Cen R 19 20 18 16 17 6,860Northern Tier R 18 17 19 20 16 6,040Pocono R 16 20 19 18 17 8,810Southern All R 17 20 18 19 16 14,310Tri-County R 19 18 16 20 17 11,790West Central R 16 17 18 19 20 5,640Berks U 17 20 19 16 18 15,010Bucks U 16 19 20 17 18 23,180Chester U 18 20 16 19 17 26,260Delaware U 18 19 20 17 16 17,240Lackawanna U 16 19 20 17 18 9,510Lancaster U 17 18 19 16 20 19,380Lehigh U 20 18 17 19 16 25,030Mont U 17 20 16 19 18 40,050Philadelphia U 18 19 20 17 16 43,420Three Rivers U 17 16 18 19 20 44,830Number of WIAs with 16-20 Rank 16 11 16 14 3 21 6 1 5 1 4 17

Bottom 5 Projected % Employment Change by Industry 2012-2022

Note: Cells indicate the ranking 16-20 of column industry for row PA (WIA) % employment change 2012-2022

165

Employment, Employment Share and Employment Growth - All Industries 2012-2022

Total, All IndustriesRural, Urban, Mixed

Estimated Employment,

2012

WIA Employment as % of Total PA Employment, 2012

Projected Employment,

2022


Total Employment Growth, 2012-2022

% Employment Growth, 2012-2022

PA 6,046,560 6,514,500 467,940 7.7%Berks U 176,770 3.0% 191,780 3.0% 15,010 8.5%Bucks U 272,270 4.6% 295,450 4.6% 23,180 8.5%Central R 277,440 4.7% 296,960 4.7% 19,520 7.0%Chester U 252,140 4.3% 278,400 4.4% 26,260 10.4%Delaware U 229,250 3.9% 246,490 3.9% 17,240 7.5%Lackawanna U 102,610 1.7% 112,120 1.8% 9,510 9.3%Lancaster U 247,950 4.2% 267,330 4.2% 19,380 7.8%Lehigh Valley U 300,550 5.1% 325,580 5.1% 25,030 8.3%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 202,480 3.4% 217,970 3.4% 15,490 7.7%Montgomery U 497,350 8.4% 537,400 8.4% 40,050 8.1%North Central R 96,190 1.6% 103,050 1.6% 6,860 7.1%Northern Tier R 70,580 1.2% 76,620 1.2% 6,040 8.6%Northwest M 229,340 3.9% 245,260 3.9% 15,920 6.9%Philadelphia U 661,830 11.2% 705,250 11.1% 43,420 6.6%Pocono R 107,250 1.8% 116,060 1.8% 8,810 8.2%South Central M 680,420 11.5% 734,870 11.5% 54,450 8.0%Southern Alleghenies R 192,220 3.2% 206,530 3.2% 14,310 7.4%Southwest Corner M 174,100 2.9% 186,310 2.9% 12,210 7.0%Three Rivers U 719,190 12.2% 764,020 12.0% 44,830 6.2%Tri-County R 149,520 2.5% 161,310 2.5% 11,790 7.9%West Central R 85,620 1.4% 91,260 1.4% 5,640 6.6%Westmoreland-Fayette M 193,230 3.3% 208,560 3.3% 15,330 7.9%

166

Employment, Employment Share and Employment Growth - All Goods Producing Industries 2012-2022

Total, All Goods Producing Industries

Rural, Urban, Mixed


2012

WIA Employment as % of Total PA

Employment, 2012


2022




PA 895,930 938,420 42,490 4.7%Berks U 38,600 41,070 4.4% 4.5% 2,470 6.4%Bucks U 41,850 44,180 4.8% 4.8% 2,330 5.6%Central R 54,890 56,710 6.3% 6.2% 1,820 3.3%Chester U 31,180 32,880 3.6% 3.6% 1,700 5.5%Delaware U 24,740 26,650 2.8% 2.9% 1,910 7.7%Lackawanna U 13,220 13,900 1.5% 1.5% 680 5.1%Lancaster U 56,070 58,770 6.4% 6.4% 2,700 4.8%Lehigh Valley U 40,340 41,960 4.6% 4.6% 1,620 4.0%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 34,100 35,180 3.9% 3.8% 1,080 3.2%Montgomery U 63,730 65,850 7.3% 7.2% 2,120 3.3%North Central R 25,680 26,710 2.9% 2.9% 1,030 4.0%Northern Tier R 19,310 20,340 2.2% 2.2% 1,030 5.3%Northwest M 50,910 51,810 5.8% 5.6% 900 1.8%Philadelphia U 32,830 33,800 3.7% 3.7% 970 3.0%Pocono R 12,100 13,310 1.4% 1.5% 1,210 10.0%South Central M 115,120 120,600 13.1% 13.1% 5,480 4.8%Southern Alleghenies R 34,040 35,770 3.9% 3.9% 1,730 5.1%Southwest Corner M 39,830 41,360 4.5% 4.5% 1,530 3.8%Three Rivers U 66,040 69,050 7.5% 7.5% 3,010 4.6%Tri-County R 31,300 32,850 3.6% 3.6% 1,550 5.0%West Central R 17,420 18,000 2.0% 2.0% 580 3.3%Westmoreland-Fayette M 34,920 36,470 4.0% 4.0% 1,550 4.4%

167

Employment, Employment Share and Employment Growth - All Service Producing Industries 2012-2022

Total, All Service Producing Industries

Rural, Urban, Mixed


2012



2022




PA 4,837,460 5,257,510 420,050 8.7%Berks U 128,850 141,240 2.7% 2.8% 12,390 9.6%Bucks U 212,520 232,990 4.5% 4.5% 20,470 9.6%Central R 205,190 222,670 4.3% 4.3% 17,480 8.5%Chester U 205,940 230,310 4.4% 4.5% 24,370 11.8%Delaware U 190,870 206,000 4.0% 4.0% 15,130 7.9%Lackawanna U 85,180 93,890 1.8% 1.8% 8,710 10.2%Lancaster U 172,790 189,150 3.7% 3.7% 16,360 9.5%Lehigh Valley U 244,750 267,880 5.2% 5.2% 23,130 9.5%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 158,000 172,230 3.3% 3.4% 14,230 9.0%Montgomery U 410,500 448,030 8.7% 8.7% 37,530 9.1%North Central R 63,860 69,540 1.4% 1.4% 5,680 8.9%Northern Tier R 45,270 50,210 1.0% 1.0% 4,940 10.9%Northwest M 164,250 178,920 3.5% 3.5% 14,670 8.9%Philadelphia U 607,660 649,750 12.9% 12.7% 42,090 6.9%Pocono R 87,930 95,400 1.9% 1.9% 7,470 8.5%South Central M 528,300 576,620 11.2% 11.2% 48,320 9.1%Southern Alleghenies R 147,350 159,790 3.1% 3.1% 12,440 8.4%Southwest Corner M 123,540 134,050 2.6% 2.6% 10,510 8.5%Three Rivers U 628,430 669,840 13.3% 13.1% 41,410 6.6%Tri-County R 108,290 118,330 2.3% 2.3% 10,040 9.3%West Central R 63,080 68,060 1.3% 1.3% 4,980 7.9%Westmoreland-Fayette M 144,350 157,890 3.1% 3.1% 13,540 9.4%

168

Self-Employment, Employment Share and Employment Growth - All Industries 2012-2022

Total Self-Employment, All Industries

Rural, Urban, Mixed


2012



2022




PA 303,970 309,210 5,240 1.7%Berks U 8,660 8,800 2.8% 2.8% 140 1.6%Bucks U 17,350 17,700 5.7% 5.7% 350 2.0%Central R 16,790 17,030 5.5% 5.5% 240 1.4%Chester U 14,750 14,990 4.9% 4.8% 240 1.6%Delaware U 13,400 13,610 4.4% 4.4% 210 1.6%Lackawanna U 4,020 4,110 1.3% 1.3% 90 2.2%Lancaster U 18,210 18,520 6.0% 6.0% 310 1.7%Lehigh Valley U 15,190 15,450 5.0% 5.0% 260 1.7%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 9,820 9,980 3.2% 3.2% 160 1.6%Montgomery U 22,590 22,950 7.4% 7.4% 360 1.6%North Central R 6,410 6,580 2.1% 2.1% 170 2.7%Northern Tier R 5,810 5,900 1.9% 1.9% 90 1.5%Northwest M 13,740 14,040 4.5% 4.5% 300 2.2%Philadelphia U 21,070 21,440 6.9% 6.9% 370 1.8%Pocono R 7,030 7,140 2.3% 2.3% 110 1.6%South Central M 35,700 36,300 11.7% 11.7% 600 1.7%Southern Alleghenies R 10,310 10,470 3.4% 3.4% 160 1.6%Southwest Corner M 10,370 10,540 3.4% 3.4% 170 1.6%Three Rivers U 24,250 24,650 8.0% 8.0% 400 1.6%Tri-County R 9,760 9,970 3.2% 3.2% 210 2.2%West Central R 4,990 5,070 1.6% 1.6% 80 1.6%Westmoreland-Fayette M 13,780 14,010 4.5% 4.5% 230 1.7%

169

INDUSTRY SHARES IN EMPLOYMENT & GROWTH 2012-2022

Total, All Industries 2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment

WIA Emp as % of Total WIA Emp

2012

WIA Emp as % of Total WIA Emp

2022

Emp Growth 2012-2022

WIA Emp Growth Shares

% Growth 2012-2022

PA 6,046,560 6,514,500 467,940 7.7%Sum of WIAs 5,918,300 6,368,580 450,280 7.6%WIA as a % of PA 98% 98% 96%

Total - Mixed WIAs 1,479,570 1,592,970 25.0% 25.0% 113,400 25.2% 7.7%Total - Rural WIAs 978,820 1,051,790 16.5% 16.5% 72,970 16.2% 7.5%Total - Urban WIAs 3,459,910 3,723,820 58.5% 58.5% 263,910 58.6% 7.6%

11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment

WIA Emp as % of Total Emp 2012




% Growth 2012-2022

PA 67,270 67,560 290 0.4%Sum of WIAs 66,340 66,540 200 0.3%WIA as a % of PA 99% 98% 69%

Total - Mixed WIAs 25,420 25,540 38.3% 38.4% 120 60.0% 0.5%Total - Rural WIAs 26,690 26,710 40.2% 40.1% 20 10.0% 0.1%Total - Urban WIAs 14,230 14,290 21.5% 21.5% 60 30.0% 0.4%

21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment





% Growth 2012-2022

PA 36,090 38,180 2,090 5.8%Sum of WIAs 29,530 30,840 1,310 4.4%WIA as a % of PA 82% 81% 63%

Total - Mixed WIAs 12,160 12,280 41.2% 39.8% 120 9.2% 1.0%Total - Rural WIAs 16,270 17,410 55.1% 56.5% 1,140 87.0% 7.0%Total - Urban WIAs 1,100 1,150 3.7% 3.7% 50 3.8% 4.5%

22 Utilities 2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment





% Growth 2012-2022

PA 22,280 21,850 -430 -1.9%Sum of WIAs 19,620 19,360 -260 -1.3%WIA as a % of PA 88% 89% 60%

Total - Mixed WIAs 8,540 8,350 43.5% 43.1% -190 73.1% -2.2%Total - Rural WIAs 3,990 3,950 20.3% 20.4% -40 15.4% -1.0%Total - Urban WIAs 7,090 7,060 36.1% 36.5% -30 11.5% -0.4%

23 Construction 2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment





% Growth 2012-2022


Total - Mixed WIAs 56,460 66,330 26.7% 26.4% 9,870 24.8% 17.5%Total - Rural WIAs 34,690 41,690 16.4% 16.6% 7,000 17.6% 20.2%Total - Urban WIAs 120,360 143,280 56.9% 57.0% 22,920 57.6% 19.0%

170

31-33 Manufacturing 2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment





% Growth 2012-2022

PA 566,890 563,890 -3,000 -0.5%Sum of WIAs 566,970 564,050 -2,920 -0.5%WIA as a % of PA 100% 100% 97%

Total - Mixed WIAs 180,640 181,010 31.9% 32.1% 370 -12.7% 0.2%Total - Rural WIAs 116,570 117,360 20.6% 20.8% 790 -27.1% 0.7%Total - Urban WIAs 269,760 265,680 47.6% 47.1% -4,080 139.7% -1.5%

42 Wholesale Trade 2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment





% Growth 2012-2022



42 Wholesale Trade 2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment





% Growth 2012-2022



44-45 Retail Trade 2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment





% Growth 2012-2022



48-49 Transportation & Warehousing

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment





% Growth 2012-2022



171

51 Information 2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment





% Growth 2012-2022


Total - Mixed WIAs 16,530 16,110 19.3% 19.6% -420 11.9% -2.5%Total - Rural WIAs 10,760 10,410 12.5% 12.6% -350 9.9% -3.3%Total - Urban WIAs 58,570 55,810 68.2% 67.8% -2,760 78.2% -4.7%

52 Finance & Insurance

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment





% Growth 2012-2022


Total - Mixed WIAs 44,660 45,540 18.5% 18.2% 880 10.5% 2.0%Total - Rural WIAs 21,740 21,980 9.0% 8.8% 240 2.9% 1.1%Total - Urban WIAs 174,750 182,040 72.5% 72.9% 7,290 86.7% 4.2%

53 Real Estate & Rental & Leasing

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment





% Growth 2012-2022


Total - Mixed WIAs 11,090 12,430 19.2% 19.7% 1,340 25.1% 12.1%Total - Rural WIAs 7,100 7,740 12.3% 12.3% 640 12.0% 9.0%Total - Urban WIAs 39,490 42,840 68.5% 68.0% 3,350 62.9% 8.5%

54 Professional & Technical Services

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment





% Growth 2012-2022



55 Management of Companies & Enterprises

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment





% Growth 2012-2022


Total - Mixed WIAs 21,730 25,500 19.0% 19.9% 3,770 28.2% 17.3%Total - Rural WIAs 2,700 2,850 2.4% 2.2% 150 1.1% 5.6%Total - Urban WIAs 90,050 99,490 78.7% 77.8% 9,440 70.7% 10.5%

172

56 Administrative & Waste Services

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment





% Growth 2012-2022



61 Educational Services

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment





% Growth 2012-2022



62 Health Care & Social Assistance

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment





% Growth 2012-2022

PA 922,000 1,097,880 175,880 19.1%Sum of WIAs 918,680 1,093,700 175,020 19.1%WIA as a % of PA 100% 100% 100%


71 Arts, Entertainment & Recreation

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment





% Growth 2012-2022



72 Accommodation & Food Services

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment





% Growth 2012-2022



173

81 Other Services, Ex. Public Admin

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment





% Growth 2012-2022



99 Government 2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment





% Growth 2012-2022


Total - Mixed WIAs 113,430 112,940 30.0% 30.5% -490 6.4% -0.4%Total - Rural WIAs 67,240 67,100 17.8% 18.1% -140 1.8% -0.2%Total - Urban WIAs 197,670 190,650 52.2% 51.4% -7,020 91.8% -3.6%

GP Goods Producing

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment





% Growth 2012-2022



SP Services Producing

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment





% Growth 2012-2022

PA 4,837,460 5,257,510 420,050 8.7%Sum of WIAs 4,726,900 5,132,790 405,890 8.6%WIA as a % of PA 98% 98% 97%

Total - Mixed WIAs 1,118,440 1,219,710 23.7% 23.8% 101,270 25.0% 9.1%Total - Rural WIAs 720,970 784,000 15.3% 15.3% 63,030 15.5% 8.7%Total - Urban WIAs 2,887,490 3,129,080 61.1% 61.0% 241,590 59.5% 8.4%

Self-Employed 2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment





% Growth 2012-2022



174

Industry Shares of Total & % Employment Growth 2012-2022

Total, All IndustriesRural, Urban, Mixed

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment

WIA Employment as

% of Total Employment

2012

WIA Emp as % of Sum WIA

Total Emp 2022


% Employment Growth 2012-

2022


Sum 5,918,300 6,368,580 100.0% 100.0% 450,280 7.6%

Sum as % of Total 97.9% 97.8%

175

Total, All Goods Producing Industries

Rural, Urban, Mixed

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment


Total Emp 2012


Total Emp 2022


% Growth 2012-2022

PA 895,930 938,420 42,490 4.7%Berks U 38,600 41,070 4.4% 4.5% 2,470 6.4%Bucks U 41,850 44,180 4.8% 4.8% 2,330 5.6%Central R 54,890 56,710 6.3% 6.2% 1,820 3.3%Chester U 31,180 32,880 3.6% 3.6% 1,700 5.5%Delaware U 24,740 26,650 2.8% 2.9% 1,910 7.7%Lackawanna U 13,220 13,900 1.5% 1.5% 680 5.1%Lancaster U 56,070 58,770 6.4% 6.4% 2,700 4.8%Lehigh Valley U 40,340 41,960 4.6% 4.6% 1,620 4.0%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 34,100 35,180 3.9% 3.8% 1,080 3.2%Montgomery U 63,730 65,850 7.3% 7.2% 2,120 3.3%North Central R 25,680 26,710 2.9% 2.9% 1,030 4.0%Northern Tier R 19,310 20,340 2.2% 2.2% 1,030 5.3%Northwest M 50,910 51,810 5.8% 5.6% 900 1.8%Philadelphia U 32,830 33,800 3.7% 3.7% 970 3.0%Pocono R 12,100 13,310 1.4% 1.5% 1,210 10.0%South Central M 115,120 120,600 13.1% 13.1% 5,480 4.8%Southern Alleghenies R 34,040 35,770 3.9% 3.9% 1,730 5.1%Southwest Corner M 39,830 41,360 4.5% 4.5% 1,530 3.8%Three Rivers U 66,040 69,050 7.5% 7.5% 3,010 4.6%Tri-County R 31,300 32,850 3.6% 3.6% 1,550 5.0%West Central R 17,420 18,000 2.0% 2.0% 580 3.3%Westmoreland-Fayette M 34,920 36,470 4.0% 4.0% 1,550 4.4%

Sum 878,220 917,220 100.0% 100.0% 39,000 4.4%


176

11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting

Rural, Urban, Mixed

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment


Total Emp 2012


Total Emp 2022


% Growth 2012-2022

PA 67,270 67,560 290 0.4%Berks* U 2,000 1,990 3.0% 3.0% -10 -0.5%Bucks* U 940 940 1.4% 1.4% 0 0.0%Central R 8,240 8,240 12.4% 12.4% 0 0.0%Chester U 2,550 2,690 3.8% 4.0% 140 5.5%Delaware* U 90 50 0.1% 0.1% -40 -44.4%Lackawanna* U 470 450 0.7% 0.7% -20 -4.3%Lancaster* U 5,850 5,860 8.8% 8.8% 10 0.2%Lehigh Valley* U 1,000 1,000 1.5% 1.5% 0 0.0%Luzerne-Schuylkill* M 1,570 1,570 2.4% 2.4% 0 0.0%Montgomery* U 730 720 1.1% 1.1% -10 -1.4%North Central R 2,170 2,170 3.3% 3.3% 0 0.0%Northern Tier R 4,510 4,520 6.8% 6.8% 10 0.2%Northwest M 5,520 5,530 8.3% 8.3% 10 0.2%Philadelphia* U N/A N/APocono* R 1,210 1,210 1.8% 1.8% 0 0.0%South Central M 11,480 11,590 17.3% 17.4% 110 1.0%Southern Alleghenies R 5,130 5,130 7.7% 7.7% 0 0.0%Southwest Corner* M 4,100 4,090 6.2% 6.1% -10 -0.2%Three Rivers U 600 590 0.9% 0.9% -10 -1.7%Tri-County R 3,470 3,470 5.2% 5.2% 0 0.0%West Central R 1,960 1,970 3.0% 3.0% 10 0.5%Westmoreland-Fayette M 2,750 2,760 4.1% 4.1% 10 0.4%

Sum 66,340 66,540 100.0% 100.0% 200 0.3%


Note: * Since 2-digit Industry category does not exist for this WIA, 3-digit Industry sum is reported here.

177

21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction

Rural, Urban, Mixed

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment


Total Emp 2012


Total Emp 2022


% Growth 2012-2022

PA 36,090 38,180 2,090 5.8%Berks U N/A N/ABucks U N/A N/ACentral R 2,760 2,980 9.3% 9.7% 220 8.0%Chester U 130 160 0.4% 0.5% 30 23.1%Delaware U N/A N/ALackawanna U N/A N/ALancaster U 370 400 1.3% 1.3% 30 8.1%Lehigh Valley U N/A N/ALuzerne-Schuylkill** M 910 840 3.1% 2.7% -70 -7.7%Montgomery U N/A N/ANorth Central* R 3,130 3,420 10.6% 11.1% 290 9.3%Northern Tier R 2,860 3,190 9.7% 10.3% 330 11.5%Northwest M 1,370 1,500 4.6% 4.9% 130 9.5%Philadelphia U N/A N/APocono R N/A N/ASouth Central M 680 770 2.3% 2.5% 90 13.2%Southern Alleghenies R 2,180 2,140 7.4% 6.9% -40 -1.8%Southwest Corner M 7,550 7,440 25.6% 24.1% -110 -1.5%Three Rivers U 600 590 2.0% 1.9% -10 -1.7%Tri-County R 4,920 5,170 16.7% 16.8% 250 5.1%West Central R 420 510 1.4% 1.7% 90 21.4%Westmoreland-Fayette M 1,650 1,730 5.6% 5.6% 80 4.8%

Sum 29,530 30,840 100.0% 100.0% 1,310 4.4%


Note: * Since 2-digit Industry category does not exist for this WIA, 3-digit Industry sum is reported here.** Only one 3-digit entry is reported here.

178

23 ConstructionRural, Urban, Mixed

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment


Total Emp 2012


Total Emp 2022


% Growth 2012-2022

PA 225,680 268,790 43,110 19.1%Berks U 6,450 8,020 3.0% 3.2% 1,570 24.3%Bucks U 13,210 16,050 6.2% 6.4% 2,840 21.5%Central R 10,040 12,240 4.7% 4.9% 2,200 21.9%Chester U 9,090 11,330 4.3% 4.5% 2,240 24.6%Delaware U 9,000 10,810 4.3% 4.3% 1,810 20.1%Lackawanna U 3,290 4,030 1.6% 1.6% 740 22.5%Lancaster U 13,760 16,420 6.5% 6.5% 2,660 19.3%Lehigh Valley U 9,430 11,350 4.5% 4.5% 1,920 20.4%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 6,310 7,690 3.0% 3.1% 1,380 21.9%Montgomery U 19,900 23,230 9.4% 9.2% 3,330 16.7%North Central R 2,540 2,900 1.2% 1.2% 360 14.2%Northern Tier R 2,510 3,070 1.2% 1.2% 560 22.3%Northwest M 5,870 6,400 2.8% 2.5% 530 9.0%Philadelphia U 9,600 11,460 4.5% 4.6% 1,860 19.4%Pocono R 3,400 4,300 1.6% 1.7% 900 26.5%South Central M 24,340 29,000 11.5% 11.5% 4,660 19.1%Southern Alleghenies R 7,140 8,690 3.4% 3.5% 1,550 21.7%Southwest Corner M 11,240 13,080 5.3% 5.2% 1,840 16.4%Three Rivers U 26,630 30,580 12.6% 12.2% 3,950 14.8%Tri-County R 5,980 7,060 2.8% 2.8% 1,080 18.1%West Central R 3,080 3,430 1.5% 1.4% 350 11.4%Westmoreland-Fayette M 8,700 10,160 4.1% 4.0% 1,460 16.8%

Sum 211,510 251,300 100.0% 100.0% 39,790 18.8%


179

31-33 ManufacturingRural, Urban, Mixed

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment


Total Emp 2012


Total Emp 2022


% Growth 2012-2022

PA 566,890 563,890 -3,000 -0.5%Berks U 29,630 30,450 5.2% 5.4% 820 2.8%Bucks U 27,460 26,920 4.8% 4.8% -540 -2.0%Central R 33,860 33,260 6.0% 5.9% -600 -1.8%Chester U 19,410 18,700 3.4% 3.3% -710 -3.7%Delaware U 15,550 15,650 2.7% 2.8% 100 0.6%Lackawanna U 9,410 9,360 1.7% 1.7% -50 -0.5%Lancaster U 36,100 36,090 6.4% 6.4% -10 0.0%Lehigh Valley U 29,470 29,130 5.2% 5.2% -340 -1.2%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 25,110 24,820 4.4% 4.4% -290 -1.2%Montgomery U 42,860 41,630 7.6% 7.4% -1,230 -2.9%North Central R 17,590 17,960 3.1% 3.2% 370 2.1%Northern Tier R 9,420 9,560 1.7% 1.7% 140 1.5%Northwest M 38,150 38,390 6.7% 6.8% 240 0.6%Philadelphia U 23,210 22,330 4.1% 4.0% -880 -3.8%Pocono R 7,230 7,520 1.3% 1.3% 290 4.0%South Central M 78,620 79,240 13.9% 14.0% 620 0.8%Southern Alleghenies R 19,590 19,810 3.5% 3.5% 220 1.1%Southwest Corner M 16,930 16,730 3.0% 3.0% -200 -1.2%Three Rivers U 36,660 35,420 6.5% 6.3% -1,240 -3.4%Tri-County R 16,930 17,160 3.0% 3.0% 230 1.4%West Central R 11,950 12,090 2.1% 2.1% 140 1.2%Westmoreland-Fayette M 21,830 21,830 3.9% 3.9% 0 0.0%

Sum 566,970 564,050 100.0% 100.0% -2,920 -0.5%

Sum as % of Total 100.0% 100.0%

180

Total, All Service Producing Industries

Rural, Urban, Mixed

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment


Total Emp 2012


Total Emp 2022


% Growth 2012-2022


Sum 4,726,900 5,132,790 100.0% 100.0% 405,890 8.6%


181

22 UtilitiesRural, Urban, Mixed

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment


Total Emp 2012


Total Emp 2022


% Growth 2012-2022

PA 22,280 21,850 -430 -1.9%Berks U 800 840 4.1% 4.3% 40 5.0%Bucks U N/A N/ACentral R 670 700 3.4% 3.6% 30 4.5%Chester U 500 500 2.5% 2.6% 0 0.0%Delaware U N/A N/ALackawanna U N/A N/ALancaster U 180 180 0.9% 0.9% 0 0.0%Lehigh Valley U 910 860 4.6% 4.4% -50 -5.5%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 2,100 1,990 10.7% 10.3% -110 -5.2%Montgomery U 2,260 2,260 11.5% 11.7% 0 0.0%North Central R 420 390 2.1% 2.0% -30 -7.1%Northern Tier R 330 330 1.7% 1.7% 0 0.0%Northwest M 920 980 4.7% 5.1% 60 6.5%Philadelphia U N/A N/APocono R 170 200 0.9% 1.0% 30 17.6%South Central M 2,410 2,270 12.3% 11.7% -140 -5.8%Southern Alleghenies R 700 730 3.6% 3.8% 30 4.3%Southwest Corner M 2,380 2,320 12.1% 12.0% -60 -2.5%Three Rivers U 2,440 2,420 12.4% 12.5% -20 -0.8%Tri-County R 1,360 1,260 6.9% 6.5% -100 -7.4%West Central R 340 340 1.7% 1.8% 0 0.0%Westmoreland-Fayette M 730 790 3.7% 4.1% 60 8.2%

Sum 19,620 19,360 100.0% 100.0% -260 -1.3%


182

42 Wholesale TradeRural, Urban, Mixed

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment


Total Emp 2012


Total Emp 2022


% Growth 2012-2022

PA 228,140 242,510 14,370 6.3%Berks U 6,640 7,270 3.3% 3.5% 630 9.5%Bucks U 13,510 13,790 6.8% 6.6% 280 2.1%Central R 7,220 7,600 3.6% 3.6% 380 5.3%Chester U 11,730 12,240 5.9% 5.9% 510 4.3%Delaware* U 6,630 6,950 3.3% 3.3% 320 4.8%Lackawanna* U 3,500 3,690 1.8% 1.8% 190 5.4%Lancaster U 11,860 12,910 6.0% 6.2% 1,050 8.9%Lehigh Valley U 11,560 12,070 5.8% 5.8% 510 4.4%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 7,600 8,030 3.8% 3.9% 430 5.7%Montgomery U 23,060 23,480 11.6% 11.3% 420 1.8%North Central R 2,030 2,060 1.0% 1.0% 30 1.5%Northern Tier R 1,780 1,880 0.9% 0.9% 100 5.6%Northwest M 5,000 5,360 2.5% 2.6% 360 7.2%Philadelphia* U 14,350 14,620 7.2% 7.0% 270 1.9%Pocono R 1,630 1,750 0.8% 0.8% 120 7.4%South Central M 21,700 22,570 10.9% 10.8% 870 4.0%Southern Alleghenies R 5,720 6,060 2.9% 2.9% 340 5.9%Southwest Corner M 5,470 5,690 2.7% 2.7% 220 4.0%Three Rivers U 22,330 23,540 11.2% 11.3% 1,210 5.4%Tri-County R 5,820 6,330 2.9% 3.0% 510 8.8%West Central R 2,340 2,460 1.2% 1.2% 120 5.1%Westmoreland-Fayette M 7,440 8,190 3.7% 3.9% 750 10.1%

Sum 198,920 208,540 100.0% 100.0% 9,620 4.8%



183

44-45 Retail TradeRural, Urban, Mixed

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment


Total Emp 2012


Total Emp 2022


% Growth 2012-2022

PA 633,740 645,380 11,640 1.8%Berks U 19,330 20,230 3.1% 3.1% 900 4.7%Bucks U 36,460 36,970 5.8% 5.7% 510 1.4%Central R 29,820 30,070 4.7% 4.7% 250 0.8%Chester U 26,950 27,820 4.3% 4.3% 870 3.2%Delaware U 22,960 23,420 3.6% 3.6% 460 2.0%Lackawanna U 12,990 13,020 2.1% 2.0% 30 0.2%Lancaster U 29,020 29,940 4.6% 4.6% 920 3.2%Lehigh Valley U 31,960 32,600 5.0% 5.1% 640 2.0%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 23,300 23,310 3.7% 3.6% 10 0.0%Montgomery U 55,980 57,100 8.8% 8.9% 1,120 2.0%North Central R 9,920 9,950 1.6% 1.5% 30 0.3%Northern Tier R 7,700 7,750 1.2% 1.2% 50 0.6%Northwest M 25,160 25,330 4.0% 3.9% 170 0.7%Philadelphia U 48,420 49,350 7.6% 7.7% 930 1.9%Pocono R 15,560 15,940 2.5% 2.5% 380 2.4%South Central M 70,270 73,470 11.1% 11.4% 3,200 4.6%Southern Alleghenies R 22,500 22,810 3.6% 3.5% 310 1.4%Southwest Corner M 18,590 18,730 2.9% 2.9% 140 0.8%Three Rivers U 73,610 74,480 11.6% 11.5% 870 1.2%Tri-County R 17,770 18,020 2.8% 2.8% 250 1.4%West Central R 10,400 10,470 1.6% 1.6% 70 0.7%Westmoreland-Fayette M 24,410 24,210 3.9% 3.8% -200 -0.8%

Sum 633,080 644,990 100.0% 100.0% 11,910 1.9%


184

48-49 Transportation & Warehousing

Rural, Urban, Mixed

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment


Total Emp 2012


Total Emp 2022


% Growth 2012-2022

PA 221,060 247,660 26,600 12.0%Berks U 4,640 5,350 2.1% 2.2% 710 15.3%Bucks* U 6,310 7,020 2.9% 2.9% 710 11.3%Central R 8,560 10,090 3.9% 4.1% 1,530 17.9%Chester U 6,860 7,720 3.1% 3.2% 860 12.5%Delaware U 7,380 7,700 3.4% 3.2% 320 4.3%Lackawanna U 4,340 5,090 2.0% 2.1% 750 17.3%Lancaster U 9,400 11,370 4.3% 4.7% 1,970 21.0%Lehigh Valley U 15,770 17,770 7.2% 7.3% 2,000 12.7%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 15,910 18,230 7.3% 7.5% 2,320 14.6%Montgomery U 9,200 10,260 4.2% 4.2% 1,060 11.5%North Central R 4,910 5,910 2.3% 2.4% 1,000 20.4%Northern Tier R 3,100 3,510 1.4% 1.4% 410 13.2%Northwest M 5,810 6,430 2.7% 2.6% 620 10.7%Philadelphia U 23,130 24,250 10.6% 9.9% 1,120 4.8%Pocono R 3,390 3,970 1.6% 1.6% 580 17.1%South Central M 37,840 42,640 17.3% 17.4% 4,800 12.7%Southern Alleghenies R 10,060 11,230 4.6% 4.6% 1,170 11.6%Southwest Corner M 6,570 7,550 3.0% 3.1% 980 14.9%Three Rivers U 18,000 19,560 8.2% 8.0% 1,560 8.7%Tri-County R 4,480 4,940 2.1% 2.0% 460 10.3%West Central R 2,800 3,160 1.3% 1.3% 360 12.9%Westmoreland-Fayette M 9,750 10,640 4.5% 4.4% 890 9.1%

Sum 218,210 244,390 100.0% 100.0% 26,180 12.0%



185

51 InformationRural, Urban, Mixed

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment


Total Emp 2012


Total Emp 2022


% Growth 2012-2022

PA 90,310 86,930 -3,380 -3.7%Berks U 1,290 1,090 1.5% 1.3% -200 -15.5%Bucks U 5,050 4,830 5.9% 5.9% -220 -4.4%Central R 2,880 2,860 3.4% 3.5% -20 -0.7%Chester U 5,180 5,110 6.0% 6.2% -70 -1.4%Delaware U 2,530 2,290 2.9% 2.8% -240 -9.5%Lackawanna U 1,620 1,520 1.9% 1.8% -100 -6.2%Lancaster U 3,000 3,190 3.5% 3.9% 190 6.3%Lehigh Valley U 4,140 3,810 4.8% 4.6% -330 -8.0%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 3,080 2,940 3.6% 3.6% -140 -4.5%Montgomery U 11,440 11,230 13.3% 13.6% -210 -1.8%North Central R 1,070 970 1.2% 1.2% -100 -9.3%Northern Tier R 630 570 0.7% 0.7% -60 -9.5%Northwest M 2,000 1,990 2.3% 2.4% -10 -0.5%Philadelphia U 11,410 10,460 13.3% 12.7% -950 -8.3%Pocono R 1,700 1,600 2.0% 1.9% -100 -5.9%South Central M 8,070 7,820 9.4% 9.5% -250 -3.1%Southern Alleghenies R 1,970 1,970 2.3% 2.4% 0 0.0%Southwest Corner M 1,490 1,490 1.7% 1.8% 0 0.0%Three Rivers U 12,910 12,280 15.0% 14.9% -630 -4.9%Tri-County R 1,670 1,600 1.9% 1.9% -70 -4.2%West Central R 840 840 1.0% 1.0% 0 0.0%Westmoreland-Fayette M 1,890 1,870 2.2% 2.3% -20 -1.1%

Sum 85,860 82,330 100.0% 100.0% -3,530 -4.1%


186

52 Finance & InsuranceRural, Urban, Mixed

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment


Total Emp 2012


Total Emp 2022

Emp Growth

2012-2022

% Growth 2012-2022

PA 251,390 260,140 8,750 3.5%Berks U 4,300 4,450 1.8% 1.8% 150 3.5%Bucks U 7,780 8,270 3.2% 3.3% 490 6.3%Central R 5,220 5,160 2.2% 2.1% -60 -1.1%Chester U 18,940 20,220 7.9% 8.1% 1,280 6.8%Delaware U 11,640 12,080 4.8% 4.8% 440 3.8%Lackawanna U 4,670 4,970 1.9% 2.0% 300 6.4%Lancaster U 6,370 6,390 2.6% 2.6% 20 0.3%Lehigh Valley U 10,580 10,970 4.4% 4.4% 390 3.7%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 5,880 6,010 2.4% 2.4% 130 2.2%Montgomery U 33,560 36,560 13.9% 14.6% 3,000 8.9%North Central R 1,740 1,690 0.7% 0.7% -50 -2.9%Northern Tier R 1,400 1,360 0.6% 0.5% -40 -2.9%Northwest M 7,080 7,170 2.9% 2.9% 90 1.3%Philadelphia U 31,030 31,300 12.9% 12.5% 270 0.9%Pocono R 2,020 2,010 0.8% 0.8% -10 -0.5%South Central M 24,720 25,170 10.3% 10.1% 450 1.8%Southern Alleghenies R 4,990 5,360 2.1% 2.1% 370 7.4%Southwest Corner M 3,290 3,450 1.4% 1.4% 160 4.9%Three Rivers U 45,880 46,830 19.0% 18.8% 950 2.1%Tri-County R 3,810 3,760 1.6% 1.5% -50 -1.3%West Central R 2,560 2,640 1.1% 1.1% 80 3.1%Westmoreland-Fayette M 3,690 3,740 1.5% 1.5% 50 1.4%

Sum 241,150 249,560 100.0% 100.0% 8,410 3.5%


187

53 Real Estate & Rental & Leasing

Rural, Urban, Mixed

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment


Total Emp 2012


Total Emp 2022


% Growth 2012-2022

PA 58,550 63,990 5,440 9.3%Berks U 1,550 1,740 2.7% 2.8% 190 12.3%Bucks U 2,530 2,800 4.4% 4.4% 270 10.7%Central R 2,130 2,260 3.7% 3.6% 130 6.1%Chester U 3,520 4,040 6.1% 6.4% 520 14.8%Delaware U 2,470 2,670 4.3% 4.2% 200 8.1%Lackawanna U 660 740 1.1% 1.2% 80 12.1%Lancaster U 1,810 1,980 3.1% 3.1% 170 9.4%Lehigh Valley U 2,380 2,540 4.1% 4.0% 160 6.7%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 1,140 1,260 2.0% 2.0% 120 10.5%Montgomery U 6,500 7,080 11.3% 11.2% 580 8.9%North Central R 480 550 0.8% 0.9% 70 14.6%Northern Tier R 830 1,010 1.4% 1.6% 180 21.7%Northwest M 1,430 1,590 2.5% 2.5% 160 11.2%Philadelphia U 8,500 9,020 14.7% 14.3% 520 6.1%Pocono R 1,110 1,110 1.9% 1.8% 0 0.0%South Central M 5,050 5,730 8.8% 9.1% 680 13.5%Southern Alleghenies R 1,020 1,110 1.8% 1.8% 90 8.8%Southwest Corner M 2,130 2,290 3.7% 3.6% 160 7.5%Three Rivers U 9,570 10,230 16.6% 16.2% 660 6.9%Tri-County R 920 1,020 1.6% 1.6% 100 10.9%West Central R 610 680 1.1% 1.1% 70 11.5%Westmoreland-Fayette M 1,340 1,560 2.3% 2.5% 220 16.4%

Sum 57,680 63,010 100.0% 100.0% 5,330 9.2%


188

54 Professional & Technical Services

Rural, Urban, Mixed

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment


Total Emp 2012


Total Emp 2022


% Growth 2012-2022

PA 316,660 368,950 52,290 16.5%Berks U 6,470 7,360 2.2% 2.1% 890 13.8%Bucks U 14,080 16,750 4.8% 4.9% 2,670 19.0%Central R 7,300 8,510 2.5% 2.5% 1,210 16.6%Chester U 24,760 31,300 8.4% 9.1% 6,540 26.4%Delaware U 11,810 13,490 4.0% 3.9% 1,680 14.2%Lackawanna U 3,950 4,560 1.3% 1.3% 610 15.4%Lancaster U 7,990 8,780 2.7% 2.6% 790 9.9%Lehigh Valley U 10,500 12,420 3.5% 3.6% 1,920 18.3%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 4,350 4,780 1.5% 1.4% 430 9.9%Montgomery U 52,250 60,920 17.7% 17.8% 8,670 16.6%North Central R 1,560 1,710 0.5% 0.5% 150 9.6%Northern Tier R 1,460 1,900 0.5% 0.6% 440 30.1%Northwest M 4,440 4,860 1.5% 1.4% 420 9.5%Philadelphia U 42,330 45,740 14.3% 13.3% 3,410 8.1%Pocono R 1,910 2,240 0.6% 0.7% 330 17.3%South Central M 23,120 27,740 7.8% 8.1% 4,620 20.0%Southern Alleghenies R 5,380 6,580 1.8% 1.9% 1,200 22.3%Southwest Corner M 6,490 7,730 2.2% 2.3% 1,240 19.1%Three Rivers U 53,910 62,190 18.2% 18.1% 8,280 15.4%Tri-County R 4,310 4,820 1.5% 1.4% 510 11.8%West Central R 1,490 1,670 0.5% 0.5% 180 12.1%Westmoreland-Fayette M 6,090 7,130 2.1% 2.1% 1,040 17.1%

Sum 295,950 343,180 100.0% 100.0% 47,230 16.0%


Note: * Since 2-digit Industry category the only 3-digit Industry 541Professional and Technical Services is reported here.

189

55 Management of Companies & Enterprises

Rural, Urban, Mixed

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment


Total Emp 2012


Total Emp 2022


% Growth 2012-2022

PA 129,510 144,160 14,650 11.3%Berks U 4,620 4,610 4.0% 3.6% -10 -0.2%Bucks U 3,960 4,340 3.5% 3.4% 380 9.6%Central R N/A N/A Chester U 7,760 8,350 6.8% 6.5% 590 7.6%Delaware U 6,390 6,830 5.6% 5.3% 440 6.9%Lackawanna U 1,090 1,240 1.0% 1.0% 150 13.8%Lancaster U 3,440 3,840 3.0% 3.0% 400 11.6%Lehigh Valley U 9,980 11,230 8.7% 8.8% 1,250 12.5%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 2,330 2,390 2.0% 1.9% 60 2.6%Montgomery U 12,500 14,840 10.9% 11.6% 2,340 18.7%North Central R 340 360 0.3% 0.3% 20 5.9%Northern Tier R N/A N/A Northwest M 1,880 2,290 1.6% 1.8% 410 21.8%Philadelphia U 12,350 14,160 10.8% 11.1% 1,810 14.7%Pocono R 300 350 0.3% 0.3% 50 16.7%South Central M 12,440 15,200 10.9% 11.9% 2,760 22.2%Southern Alleghenies R 1,210 1,300 1.1% 1.0% 90 7.4%Southwest Corner M 2,680 2,870 2.3% 2.2% 190 7.1%Three Rivers U 27,960 30,050 24.4% 23.5% 2,090 7.5%Tri-County R N/A N/A West Central R 850 840 0.7% 0.7% -10 -1.2%Westmoreland-Fayette M 2,400 2,750 2.1% 2.2% 350 14.6%

Sum 114,480 127,840 100.0% 100.0% 13,360 11.7%


190

56 Administrative & Waste Services

Rural, Urban, Mixed

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment


Total Emp 2012


Total Emp 2022


% Growth 2012-2022

PA 285,250 333,920 48,670 17.1%Berks U 8,590 9,910 3.3% 3.3% 1,320 15.4%Bucks U 13,070 16,180 5.1% 5.3% 3,110 23.8%Central* R 6,810 7,760 2.6% 2.6% 950 14.0%Chester U 10,990 13,970 4.3% 4.6% 2,980 27.1%Delaware U 11,530 13,130 4.5% 4.3% 1,600 13.9%Lackawanna U 5,150 6,110 2.0% 2.0% 960 18.6%Lancaster U 8,550 10,090 3.3% 3.3% 1,540 18.0%Lehigh Valley U 18,670 22,670 7.3% 7.5% 4,000 21.4%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 10,130 12,670 3.9% 4.2% 2,540 25.1%Montgomery U 31,580 35,980 12.3% 11.9% 4,400 13.9%North Central R 2,300 2,550 0.9% 0.8% 250 10.9%Northern Tier R N/A N/A Northwest M 7,710 9,350 3.0% 3.1% 1,640 21.3%Philadelphia U 24,510 28,040 9.5% 9.2% 3,530 14.4%Pocono R 2,480 3,040 1.0% 1.0% 560 22.6%South Central M 31,180 39,430 12.1% 13.0% 8,250 26.5%Southern Alleghenies R 6,210 7,090 2.4% 2.3% 880 14.2%Southwest Corner M 5,020 6,020 2.0% 2.0% 1,000 19.9%Three Rivers U 37,150 40,780 14.4% 13.4% 3,630 9.8%Tri-County R 5,910 7,260 2.3% 2.4% 1,350 22.8%West Central R 2,800 3,090 1.1% 1.0% 290 10.4%Westmoreland-Fayette M 6,870 8,450 2.7% 2.8% 1,580 23.0%

0.0% 0.0%Sum 257,210 303,570 100.0% 100.0% 46,360 18.0%



191

61 Educational ServicesRural, Urban, Mixed

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment


Total Emp 2012


Total Emp 2022

Emp Growth

2012-2022

% Growth 2012-2022

PA 491,800 505,200 13,400 2.7%Berks U 14,640 15,670 3.0% 3.1% 1,030 7.0%Bucks U 18,940 19,410 3.9% 3.9% 470 2.5%Central R 35,970 37,980 7.4% 7.6% 2,010 5.6%Chester U 18,440 19,160 3.8% 3.8% 720 3.9%Delaware U 24,080 24,460 4.9% 4.9% 380 1.6%Lackawanna U 8,700 9,040 1.8% 1.8% 340 3.9%Lancaster U 15,440 15,890 3.2% 3.2% 450 2.9%Lehigh Valley U 24,700 25,090 5.1% 5.0% 390 1.6%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 13,740 13,830 2.8% 2.8% 90 0.7%Montgomery U 30,780 31,740 6.3% 6.3% 960 3.1%North Central R 6,380 6,250 1.3% 1.2% -130 -2.0%Northern Tier R 5,030 5,030 1.0% 1.0% 0 0.0%Northwest M 17,840 17,880 3.6% 3.6% 40 0.2%Philadelphia U 79,660 82,140 16.3% 16.4% 2,480 3.1%Pocono R 10,010 10,200 2.0% 2.0% 190 1.9%South Central M 45,850 46,860 9.4% 9.3% 1,010 2.2%Southern Alleghenies R 14,050 14,030 2.9% 2.8% -20 -0.1%Southwest Corner M 12,630 12,900 2.6% 2.6% 270 2.1%Three Rivers U 61,980 63,860 12.7% 12.7% 1,880 3.0%Tri-County R 10,720 10,940 2.2% 2.2% 220 2.1%West Central R 6,660 6,750 1.4% 1.3% 90 1.4%Westmoreland-Fayette M 12,740 12,910 2.6% 2.6% 170 1.3%

Sum 488,980 502,020 100.0% 100.0% 13,040 2.7%


192

62 Health Care & Social Assistance

Rural, Urban, Mixed

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment


Total Emp 2012


Total Emp 2022


% Growth 2012-2022

PA 922,000 1,097,880 175,880 19.1%Berks U 25,880 31,110 2.8% 2.8% 5,230 20.2%Bucks U 41,060 49,210 4.5% 4.5% 8,150 19.8%Central R 40,180 48,080 4.4% 4.4% 7,900 19.7%Chester U 29,260 35,140 3.2% 3.2% 5,880 20.1%Delaware U 38,710 46,600 4.2% 4.3% 7,890 20.4%Lackawanna U 18,780 22,420 2.0% 2.0% 3,640 19.4%Lancaster U 34,510 41,120 3.8% 3.8% 6,610 19.2%Lehigh Valley U 48,450 57,100 5.3% 5.2% 8,650 17.9%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 30,880 38,110 3.4% 3.5% 7,230 23.4%Montgomery U 67,010 78,150 7.3% 7.1% 11,140 16.6%North Central R 15,840 19,820 1.7% 1.8% 3,980 25.1%Northern Tier R 9,830 12,710 1.1% 1.2% 2,880 29.3%Northwest M 38290 46460 4.2% 4.2% 8,170 21.3%Philadelphia U 140,570 167,650 15.3% 15.3% 27,080 19.3%Pocono R 14,010 16,860 1.5% 1.5% 2,850 20.3%South Central M 85,150 99,950 9.3% 9.1% 14,800 17.4%Southern Alleghenies R 32,200 38,180 3.5% 3.5% 5,980 18.6%Southwest Corner M 24,480 28,590 2.7% 2.6% 4,110 16.8%Three Rivers U 120,990 138,890 13.2% 12.7% 17,900 14.8%Tri-County R 18,770 23,730 2.0% 2.2% 4,960 26.4%West Central R 15,910 19,200 1.7% 1.8% 3,290 20.7%Westmoreland-Fayette M 27,920 34,620 3.0% 3.2% 6,700 24.0%

Sum 918,680 1,093,700 100.0% 100.0% 175,020 19.1%


193

71 Arts, Entertainment & Recreation

Rural, Urban, Mixed

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment


Total Emp 2012


Total Emp 2022


% Growth 2012-2022

PA 93,130 102,590 9,460 10.2%Berks U 2,260 2,590 2.4% 2.5% 330 14.6%Bucks U 6,030 6,390 6.5% 6.3% 360 6.0%Central R 2,540 2,720 2.7% 2.7% 180 7.1%Chester U 3,880 4,410 4.2% 4.3% 530 13.7%Delaware U 4,700 4,830 5.1% 4.7% 130 2.8%Lackawanna U 1,020 1,200 1.1% 1.2% 180 17.6%Lancaster U 3,600 4,030 3.9% 3.9% 430 11.9%Lehigh Valley U 6,140 6,830 6.6% 6.7% 690 11.2%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 2,720 2,940 2.9% 2.9% 220 8.1%Montgomery U 6,450 7,300 7.0% 7.1% 850 13.2%North Central R 480 560 0.5% 0.5% 80 16.7%Northern Tier R 550 640 0.6% 0.6% 90 16.4%Northwest M 3,150 3,280 3.4% 3.2% 130 4.1%Philadelphia U 10,810 12,100 11.7% 11.8% 1,290 11.9%Pocono R 4,160 4,840 4.5% 4.7% 680 16.3%South Central M 11,460 12,640 12.4% 12.4% 1,180 10.3%Southern Alleghenies R 1,740 1,920 1.9% 1.9% 180 10.3%Southwest Corner M 3,200 3,610 3.5% 3.5% 410 12.8%Three Rivers U 13,210 14,060 14.2% 13.8% 850 6.4%Tri-County R 1,240 1,450 1.3% 1.4% 210 16.9%West Central R 810 890 0.9% 0.9% 80 9.9%Westmoreland-Fayette M 2,600 2,970 2.8% 2.9% 370 14.2%

Sum 92,750 102,200 100.0% 100.0% 9,450 10.2%


194

72 Accommodation & Food Services

Rural, Urban, Mixed

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment


Total Emp 2012


Total Emp 2022


% Growth 2012-2022

PA 429,960 463,590 33,630 7.8%Berks U 11,820 12,550 2.8% 2.7% 730 6.2%Bucks U 19,860 21,710 4.6% 4.7% 1,850 9.3%Central R 21,050 22,670 4.9% 4.9% 1,620 7.7%Chester U 14,510 16,490 3.4% 3.6% 1,980 13.6%Delaware U 15,270 16,270 3.6% 3.5% 1,000 6.5%Lackawanna U 8,050 9,160 1.9% 2.0% 1,110 13.8%Lancaster U 18,430 19,950 4.3% 4.3% 1,520 8.2%Lehigh Valley U 21,240 23,650 5.0% 5.1% 2,410 11.3%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 13,320 14,120 3.1% 3.1% 800 6.0%Montgomery U 29,280 30,620 6.8% 6.6% 1,340 4.6%North Central R 5,520 5,900 1.3% 1.3% 380 6.9%Northern Tier R 4,230 4,550 1.0% 1.0% 320 7.6%Northwest M 17,050 18,390 4.0% 4.0% 1,340 7.9%Philadelphia U 51,990 55,490 12.1% 12.0% 3,500 6.7%Pocono R 13,140 13,970 3.1% 3.0% 830 6.3%South Central M 48,210 52,820 11.3% 11.4% 4,610 9.6%Southern Alleghenies R 14,400 15,730 3.4% 3.4% 1,330 9.2%Southwest Corner M 11,750 12,980 2.7% 2.8% 1,230 10.5%Three Rivers U 55,320 58,410 12.9% 12.6% 3,090 5.6%Tri-County R 10,830 12,080 2.5% 2.6% 1,250 11.5%West Central R 6,380 6,570 1.5% 1.4% 190 3.0%Westmoreland-Fayette M 16,850 18,030 3.9% 3.9% 1,180 7.0%

Sum 428,500 462,110 100.0% 100.0% 33,610 7.8%


195

81 Other Services, Ex. Public Admin

Rural, Urban, Mixed

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment

WIA Emp as % of Sum

WIA Total Emp 2012

WIA Emp as % of Sum

WIA Total Emp 2022


% Growth 2012-2022

PA 285,060 301,810 16,750 5.9%Berks U 8,370 9,020 3.0% 3.0% 650 7.8%Bucks U 14,210 15,340 5.0% 5.1% 1,130 8.0%Central R 11,450 12,180 4.1% 4.1% 730 6.4%Chester U 13,430 14,540 4.8% 4.9% 1,110 8.3%Delaware U 12,390 13,100 4.4% 4.4% 710 5.7%Lackawanna U 4,520 4,800 1.6% 1.6% 280 6.2%Lancaster U 12,060 12,610 4.3% 4.2% 550 4.6%Lehigh Valley U 13,280 13,930 4.7% 4.7% 650 4.9%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 7,010 7,460 2.5% 2.5% 450 6.4%Montgomery U 23,290 25,100 8.3% 8.4% 1,810 7.8%North Central R 4,480 4,660 1.6% 1.6% 180 4.0%Northern Tier R 2,430 2,620 0.9% 0.9% 190 7.8%Northwest M 11,380 12,110 4.0% 4.1% 730 6.4%Philadelphia U 29,450 31,060 10.4% 10.4% 1,610 5.5%Pocono R 5,700 6,280 2.0% 2.1% 580 10.2%South Central M 36,200 38,170 12.8% 12.8% 1,970 5.4%Southern Alleghenies R 9,190 9,670 3.3% 3.2% 480 5.2%Southwest Corner M 8,430 8,980 3.0% 3.0% 550 6.5%Three Rivers U 34,070 35,370 12.1% 11.8% 1,300 3.8%Tri-County R 7,490 7,890 2.7% 2.6% 400 5.3%West Central R 3,970 4,210 1.4% 1.4% 240 6.0%Westmoreland-Fayette M 9,410 9,780 3.3% 3.3% 370 3.9%

Sum 282,210 298,880 100.0% 100.0% 16,670 5.9%


196

99 GovernmentRural, Urban, Mixed

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment

WIA Emp as % of Sum

WIA Total Emp 2012

WIA Emp as % of Sum

WIA Total Emp 2022


% Growth 2012-2022

PA 378,620 370,970 -7,650 -2.0%Berks U 7,650 7,480 2.0% 2.0% -170 -2.2%Bucks U 8,940 9,340 2.4% 2.5% 400 4.5%Central R 17,050 17,030 4.5% 4.6% -20 -0.1%Chester U 9,230 9,270 2.4% 2.5% 40 0.4%Delaware U 11,890 11,700 3.1% 3.2% -190 -1.6%Lackawanna U 6,080 6,270 1.6% 1.7% 190 3.1%Lancaster U 7,140 6,890 1.9% 1.9% -250 -3.5%Lehigh Valley U 14,510 14,350 3.8% 3.9% -160 -1.1%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 14,500 14,180 3.8% 3.8% -320 -2.2%Montgomery U 15,380 15,430 4.1% 4.2% 50 0.3%North Central R 6,400 6,220 1.7% 1.7% -180 -2.8%Northern Tier R 4,330 4,340 1.1% 1.2% 10 0.2%Northwest M 15,120 15,460 4.0% 4.2% 340 2.2%Philadelphia U 77,710 73,030 20.5% 19.7% -4,680 -6.0%Pocono R 10,670 11,050 2.8% 3.0% 380 3.6%South Central M 64,650 64,160 17.1% 17.3% -490 -0.8%Southern Alleghenies R 16,010 16,030 4.2% 4.3% 20 0.1%Southwest Corner M 8,940 8,870 2.4% 2.4% -70 -0.8%Three Rivers U 39,140 36,890 10.3% 10.0% -2,250 -5.7%Tri-County R 8,450 8,170 2.2% 2.2% -280 -3.3%West Central R 4,330 4,260 1.1% 1.1% -70 -1.6%Westmoreland-Fayette M 10,220 10,270 2.7% 2.8% 50 0.5%

Sum 378,340 370,690 100.0% 100.0% -7,650 -2.0%


197

All Industries, Self-Employed

Rural, Urban, Mixed

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment


Total Emp 2012


Total Emp 2022


% Growth 2012-2022

PA 303,970 309,210 5,240 1.7%Berks U 8,660 8,800 2.8% 2.8% 140 1.6%Bucks U 17,350 17,700 5.7% 5.7% 350 2.0%Central R 16,790 17,030 5.5% 5.5% 240 1.4%Chester U 14,750 14,990 4.9% 4.8% 240 1.6%Delaware U 13,400 13,610 4.4% 4.4% 210 1.6%Lackawanna U 4,020 4,110 1.3% 1.3% 90 2.2%Lancaster U 18,210 18,520 6.0% 6.0% 310 1.7%Lehigh Valley U 15,190 15,450 5.0% 5.0% 260 1.7%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 9,820 9,980 3.2% 3.2% 160 1.6%Montgomery U 22,590 22,950 7.4% 7.4% 360 1.6%North Central R 6,410 6,580 2.1% 2.1% 170 2.7%Northern Tier R 5,810 5,900 1.9% 1.9% 90 1.5%Northwest M 13,740 14,040 4.5% 4.5% 300 2.2%Philadelphia U 21,070 21,440 6.9% 6.9% 370 1.8%Pocono R 7,030 7,140 2.3% 2.3% 110 1.6%South Central M 35,700 36,300 11.7% 11.7% 600 1.7%Southern Alleghenies R 10,310 10,470 3.4% 3.4% 160 1.6%Southwest Corner M 10,370 10,540 3.4% 3.4% 170 1.6%Three Rivers U 24,250 24,650 8.0% 8.0% 400 1.6%Tri-County R 9,760 9,970 3.2% 3.2% 210 2.2%West Central R 4,990 5,070 1.6% 1.6% 80 1.6%Westmoreland-Fayette M 13,780 14,010 4.5% 4.5% 230 1.7%

Sum 304,000 309,250 100.0% 100.0% 5,250 1.7%

Sum as % of Total 100.0% 100.0%

198

Total, All Unpaid Family

Rural, Urban, Mixed

2012 Estimated

Employment

2022 Projected

Employment


Total Emp 2012


Total Emp 2022


% Growth 2012-2022

PA 9,200 9,360 160 1.7%Berks U 660 670 7.2% 7.1% 10 1.5%Bucks U 550 580 6.0% 6.2% 30 5.5%Central R 580 540 6.3% 5.8% -40 -6.9%Chester U 280 230 3.0% 2.5% -50 -17.9%Delaware U 240 240 2.6% 2.6% 0 0.0%Lackawanna U 190 230 2.1% 2.5% 40 21.1%Lancaster U 880 890 9.6% 9.5% 10 1.1%Lehigh Valley U 270 290 2.9% 3.1% 20 7.4%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 560 580 6.1% 6.2% 20 3.6%Montgomery U 530 570 5.8% 6.1% 40 7.5%North Central R 250 220 2.7% 2.3% -30 -12.0%Northern Tier R 190 180 2.1% 1.9% -10 -5.3%Northwest M 440 490 4.8% 5.2% 50 11.4%Philadelphia U 270 270 2.9% 2.9% 0 0.0%Pocono R 190 210 2.1% 2.2% 20 10.5%South Central M 1,290 1,350 14.0% 14.4% 60 4.7%Southern Alleghenies R 520 510 5.6% 5.4% -10 -1.9%Southwest Corner M 370 360 4.0% 3.8% -10 -2.7%Three Rivers U 470 480 5.1% 5.1% 10 2.1%Tri-County R 170 160 1.8% 1.7% -10 -5.9%West Central R 130 140 1.4% 1.5% 10 7.7%Westmoreland-Fayette M 180 190 2.0% 2.0% 10 5.6%

Sum 9,210 9,380 100.0% 100.0% 170 1.8%

Sum as % of Total 100.1% 100.2%

199

ANNUAL PROJECTED EMPLOYMENT CHANGE DUE TO

GROWTH & REPLACEMENT, 2012-2022

00 Total, All Occupations

R/U/

M

Annual Projected

Employment Growth

Annual Projected

Replacement Employment

Annual Projected Total

Employment Change

% of Annual Projected

Employment Change Due

to Growth


Employment Change Due to

ReplacementTotal WIA 50,135 139,509 189,644 26% 74%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 1,757 4,817 6,574Northwest M 1,784 5,408 7,192South Central M 5,897 16,096 21,993Southwest Corner M 1,404 4,124 5,528Westmoreland-Fayette M 1,757 4,662 6,419Total - Mixed WIAs 12,599 35,107 47,706 26% 74%Mixed WIAs as a % of Total WIA 25% 25% 25%Central R 2,243 6,557 8,800North Central R 810 2,248 3,058Northern Tier R 689 1,679 2,368Pocono R 957 2,693 3,650Southern Alleghenies R 1,618 4,591 6,209Tri-County R 1,309 3,525 4,834West Central R 647 2,052 2,699Total - Rural WIAs 8,273 23,345 31,618 26% 74%Rural WIAs as a % of Total WIA 17% 17% 17%Berks U 1,640 4,132 5,772Bucks U 2,531 6,504 9,035Chester U 2,787 5,840 8,627Delaware U 1,896 5,342 7,238Lackawanna U 1,052 2,454 3,506Lancaster U 2,136 5,876 8,012Lehigh Valley U 2,702 7,080 9,782Montgomery U 4,355 11,555 15,910Philadelphia U 5,039 15,410 20,449Three Rivers U 5,125 16,864 21,989Total - Urban WIAs 29,263 81,057 110,320 27% 73%Urban WIAs as a % of Total WIA 58% 58% 58%

200

11 Management

R/U/

M

Annual Projected

Employment Growth

Annual Projected



Employment Change



Growth



ReplacementTotal WIA 1,798 5,379 7,177 25% 75%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 55 162 217Northwest M 53 205 258South Central M 200 632 832Southwest Corner M 45 156 201Westmoreland-Fayette M 45 141 186Total - Mixed WIAs 398 1,296 1,694 23% 77%Mixed WIAs as a % of Total WIA 22% 24% 24%Central R 85 276 361North Central R 26 87 113Northern Tier R 22 74 96Pocono R 26 84 110Southern Alleghenies R 48 170 218Tri-County R 38 147 185West Central R 16 73 89Total - Rural WIAs 261 911 1,172 22% 78%Rural WIAs as a % of Total WIA 15% 17% 16%Berks U 44 145 189Bucks U 83 214 297Chester U 106 259 365Delaware U 73 209 282Lackawanna U 31 76 107Lancaster U 70 240 310Lehigh Valley U 101 259 360Montgomery U 225 476 701Philadelphia U 197 653 850Three Rivers U 209 641 850Total - Urban WIAs 1,139 3,172 4,311 26% 74%Urban WIAs as a % of Total WIA 63% 59% 60%

201

13 Business & Financial Operations

R/U/

M

Annual Projected

Employment Growth

Annual Projected



Employment Change



Growth



ReplacementTotal WIA 2,748 5,764 8,512 32% 68%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 55 147 202Northwest M 53 166 219South Central M 305 708 1,013Southwest Corner M 52 112 164Westmoreland-Fayette M 65 119 184Total - Mixed WIAs 530 1,252 1,782 30% 70%Mixed WIAs as a % of Total WIA 19% 22% 21%Central R 81 173 254North Central R 12 43 55Northern Tier R 31 42 73Pocono R 39 65 104Southern Alleghenies R 63 116 179Tri-County R 47 123 170West Central R 18 50 68Total - Rural WIAs 291 612 903 32% 68%Rural WIAs as a % of Total WIA 11% 11% 11%Berks U 54 132 186Bucks U 121 218 339Chester U 249 357 606Delaware U 160 275 435Lackawanna U 38 78 116Lancaster U 79 165 244Lehigh Valley U 126 248 374Montgomery U 471 695 1,166Philadelphia U 259 801 1,060Three Rivers U 370 931 1,301Total - Urban WIAs 1,927 3,900 5,827 33% 67%Urban WIAs as a % of Total WIA 70% 68% 68%

202

15 Computer & Mathematical

R/U/

M

Annual Projected

Employment Growth

Annual Projected



Employment Change



Growth



ReplacementTotal WIA 1,956 2,088 4,044 48% 52%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 20 36 56Northwest M 21 33 54South Central M 247 254 501Southwest Corner M 24 29 53Westmoreland-Fayette M 25 33 58Total - Mixed WIAs 337 385 722 47% 53%Mixed WIAs as a % of Total WIA 17% 18% 18%Central R 46 53 99North Central R 5 8 13Northern Tier R 6 7 13Pocono R 8 14 22Southern Alleghenies R 45 26 71Tri-County R 26 39 65West Central R 6 11 17Total - Rural WIAs 142 158 300 47% 53%Rural WIAs as a % of Total WIA 7% 8% 7%Berks U 24 37 61Bucks U 84 63 147Chester U 270 212 482Delaware U 45 84 129Lackawanna U 29 30 59Lancaster U 34 43 77Lehigh Valley U 83 97 180Montgomery U 358 333 691Philadelphia U 170 248 418Three Rivers U 380 398 778Total - Urban WIAs 1,477 1,545 3,022 49% 51%Urban WIAs as a % of Total WIA 76% 74% 75%

203

17 Architecture & Engineering

R/U/

M

Annual Projected

Employment Growth

Annual Projected



Employment Change



Growth



ReplacementTotal WIA 894 2,230 3,124 29% 71%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 14 51 65Northwest M 18 86 104South Central M 109 248 357Southwest Corner M 48 73 121Westmoreland-Fayette M 32 69 101Total - Mixed WIAs 221 527 748 30% 70%Mixed WIAs as a % of Total WIA 25% 24% 24%Central R 61 168 229North Central R 7 28 35Northern Tier R 13 28 41Pocono R 9 16 25Southern Alleghenies R 16 56 72Tri-County R 20 66 86West Central R 7 22 29Total - Rural WIAs 133 384 517 26% 74%Rural WIAs as a % of Total WIA 15% 17% 17%Berks U 34 61 95Bucks U 30 85 115Chester U 75 110 185Delaware U 17 85 102Lackawanna U 14 27 41Lancaster U 32 82 114Lehigh Valley U 48 94 142Montgomery U 102 231 333Philadelphia U 48 202 250Three Rivers U 140 342 482Total - Urban WIAs 540 1,319 1,859 29% 71%Urban WIAs as a % of Total WIA 60% 59% 60%

204

19 Life, Physical & Social Science

R/U/

M

Annual Projected

Employment Growth

Annual Projected



Employment Change



Growth



ReplacementTotal WIA 461 1,298 1,759 26% 74%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 10 32 42Northwest M 5 30 35South Central M 26 145 171Southwest Corner M 7 20 27Westmoreland-Fayette M 16 30 46Total - Mixed WIAs 64 257 321 20% 80%Mixed WIAs as a % of Total WIA 14% 20% 18%Central R 6 38 44North Central R 2 14 16Northern Tier R 6 12 18Pocono R 5 18 23Southern Alleghenies R 8 30 38Tri-County R 6 25 31West Central R 3 11 14Total - Rural WIAs 36 148 184 20% 80%Rural WIAs as a % of Total WIA 8% 11% 10%Berks U 12 22 34Bucks U 20 44 64Chester U 49 69 118Delaware U 11 32 43Lackawanna U 6 12 18Lancaster U 11 31 42Lehigh Valley U 27 52 79Montgomery U 88 239 327Philadelphia U 71 193 264Three Rivers U 66 199 265Total - Urban WIAs 361 893 1,254 29% 71%Urban WIAs as a % of Total WIA 78% 69% 71%

205

21 Community & Social Services

R/U/

M

Annual Projected

Employment Growth

Annual Projected



Employment Change



Growth



ReplacementTotal WIA 1,612 3,235 4,847 33% 67%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 79 111 190Northwest M 92 150 242South Central M 126 354 480Southwest Corner M 36 88 124Westmoreland-Fayette M 58 90 148Total - Mixed WIAs 391 793 1,184 33% 67%Mixed WIAs as a % of Total WIA 24% 25% 24%Central R 90 153 243North Central R 35 46 81Northern Tier R 29 28 57Pocono R 18 45 63Southern Alleghenies R 55 112 167Tri-County R 43 69 112West Central R 45 60 105Total - Rural WIAs 315 513 828 38% 62%Rural WIAs as a % of Total WIA 20% 16% 17%Berks U 36 93 129Bucks U 62 140 202Chester U 49 113 162Delaware U 92 152 244Lackawanna U 43 67 110Lancaster U 39 116 155Lehigh Valley U 58 132 190Montgomery U 89 205 294Philadelphia U 274 510 784Three Rivers U 164 401 565Total - Urban WIAs 906 1,929 2,835 32% 68%Urban WIAs as a % of Total WIA 56% 60% 58%

206

23 Legal

R/U/

M

Annual Projected

Employment Growth

Annual Projected



Employment Change



Growth



ReplacementTotal WIA 532 747 1,279 42% 58%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 9 16 25Northwest M 8 12 20South Central M 46 80 126Southwest Corner M 20 26 46Westmoreland-Fayette M 5 7 12Total - Mixed WIAs 88 141 229 38% 62%Mixed WIAs as a % of Total WIA 17% 19% 18%Central R 9 15 24North Central R N/A N/A N/ANorthern Tier R 3 4 7Pocono R 6 8 14Southern Alleghenies R 8 8 16Tri-County R 10 9 19West Central R 3 5 8Total - Rural WIAs 39 49 88 44% 56%Rural WIAs as a % of Total WIA 7% 7% 7%Berks U 9 14 23Bucks U 18 24 42Chester U 32 35 67Delaware U 16 28 44Lackawanna U 14 12 26Lancaster U 11 16 27Lehigh Valley U 20 25 45Montgomery U 54 58 112Philadelphia U 132 226 358Three Rivers U 99 119 218Total - Urban WIAs 405 557 962 42% 58%Urban WIAs as a % of Total WIA 76% 75% 75%

207

25 Education, Training & Library

R/U/

M

Annual Projected

Employment Growth

Annual Projected



Employment Change



Growth



ReplacementTotal WIA 1,689 7,001 8,690 19% 81%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 34 209 243Northwest M 49 284 333South Central M 148 723 871Southwest Corner M 43 212 255Westmoreland-Fayette M 44 208 252Total - Mixed WIAs 318 1,636 1,954 16% 84%Mixed WIAs as a % of Total WIA 19% 23% 22%Central R 119 370 489North Central R 14 107 121Northern Tier R 13 85 98Pocono R 37 162 199Southern Alleghenies R 29 223 252Tri-County R 32 156 188West Central R 17 92 109Total - Rural WIAs 261 1,195 1,456 18% 82%Rural WIAs as a % of Total WIA 15% 17% 17%Berks U 99 238 337Bucks U 78 309 387Chester U 110 321 431Delaware U 61 344 405Lackawanna U 27 125 152Lancaster U 62 250 312Lehigh Valley U 134 399 533Montgomery U 136 505 641Philadelphia U 241 875 1,116Three Rivers U 162 804 966Total - Urban WIAs 1,110 4,170 5,280 21% 79%Urban WIAs as a % of Total WIA 66% 60% 61%

208

27 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media

R/U/

M

Annual Projected

Employment Growth

Annual Projected



Employment Change



Growth




209

29 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical

R/U/

M

Annual Projected

Employment Growth

Annual Projected



Employment Change



Growth



ReplacementTotal WIA 5,924 7,434 13,358 44% 56%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 217 231 448Northwest M 243 285 528South Central M 576 788 1,364Southwest Corner M 133 179 312Westmoreland-Fayette M 206 214 420Total - Mixed WIAs 1,375 1,697 3,072 45% 55%Mixed WIAs as a % of Total WIA 23% 23% 23%Central R 234 332 566North Central R 121 118 239Northern Tier R 74 71 145Pocono R 98 117 215Southern Alleghenies R 192 267 459Tri-County R 163 149 312West Central R 91 116 207Total - Rural WIAs 973 1,170 2,143 45% 55%Rural WIAs as a % of Total WIA 16% 16% 16%Berks U 215 218 433Bucks U 294 320 614Chester U 207 240 447Delaware U 251 313 564Lackawanna U 136 156 292Lancaster U 231 258 489Lehigh Valley U 348 426 774Montgomery U 416 558 974Philadelphia U 813 1,041 1,854Three Rivers U 665 1,037 1,702Total - Urban WIAs 3,576 4,567 8,143 44% 56%Urban WIAs as a % of Total WIA 60% 61% 61%

210

31 Healthcare Support

R/U/

M

Annual Projected

Employment Growth

Annual Projected



Employment Change



Growth



ReplacementTotal WIA 3,858 3,908 7,766 50% 50%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 137 120 257Northwest M 197 185 382South Central M 327 363 690Southwest Corner M 94 120 214Westmoreland-Fayette M 174 131 305Total - Mixed WIAs 929 919 1,848 50% 50%Mixed WIAs as a % of Total WIA 24% 24% 24%Central R 159 160 319North Central R 94 71 165Northern Tier R 57 41 98Pocono R 62 62 124Southern Alleghenies R 132 142 274Tri-County R 121 86 207West Central R 62 59 121Total - Rural WIAs 687 621 1,308 53% 47%Rural WIAs as a % of Total WIA 18% 16% 17%Berks U 110 111 221Bucks U 191 167 358Chester U 127 120 247Delaware U 190 167 357Lackawanna U 69 74 143Lancaster U 151 162 313Lehigh Valley U 177 214 391Montgomery U 256 283 539Philadelphia U 605 605 1,210Three Rivers U 366 465 831Total - Urban WIAs 2,242 2,368 4,610 49% 51%Urban WIAs as a % of Total WIA 58% 61% 59%

211

33 Protective Service

R/U/

M

Annual Projected

Employment Growth

Annual Projected



Employment Change



Growth




212

35 Food Preparation & Serving Related

R/U/

M

Annual Projected

Employment Growth

Annual Projected



Employment Change



Growth



ReplacementTotal WIA 4,030 17,756 21,786 18% 82%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 106 559 665Northwest M 167 743 910South Central M 506 1,957 2,463Southwest Corner M 125 517 642Westmoreland-Fayette M 133 696 829Total - Mixed WIAs 1,037 4,472 5,509 19% 81%Mixed WIAs as a % of Total WIA 26% 25% 25%Central R 196 871 1,067North Central R 57 262 319Northern Tier R 46 177 223Pocono R 93 436 529Southern Alleghenies R 136 595 731Tri-County R 141 459 600West Central R 38 275 313Total - Rural WIAs 707 3,075 3,782 19% 81%Rural WIAs as a % of Total WIA 18% 17% 17%Berks U 100 502 602Bucks U 231 845 1,076Chester U 234 650 884Delaware U 142 671 813Lackawanna U 132 322 454Lancaster U 196 735 931Lehigh Valley U 265 862 1,127Montgomery U 185 1,242 1,427Philadelphia U 416 2,032 2,448Three Rivers U 385 2,348 2,733Total - Urban WIAs 2,286 10,209 12,495 18% 82%Urban WIAs as a % of Total WIA 57% 57% 57%

213

37 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance

R/U/

M

Annual Projected

Employment Growth

Annual Projected



Employment Change



Growth




214

39 Personal Care & Service

R/U/

M

Annual Projected

Employment Growth

Annual Projected



Employment Change



Growth



ReplacementTotal WIA 3,748 5,322 9,070 41% 59%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 153 159 312Northwest M 183 190 373South Central M 359 587 946Southwest Corner M 95 141 236Westmoreland-Fayette M 153 185 338Total - Mixed WIAs 943 1,262 2,205 43% 57%Mixed WIAs as a % of Total WIA 25% 24% 24%Central R 203 257 460North Central R 76 61 137Northern Tier R 60 50 110Pocono R 96 146 242Southern Alleghenies R 161 172 333Tri-County R 99 125 224West Central R 83 79 162Total - Rural WIAs 778 890 1,668 47% 53%Rural WIAs as a % of Total WIA 21% 17% 18%Berks U 93 124 217Bucks U 206 337 543Chester U 165 215 380Delaware U 158 268 426Lackawanna U 73 100 173Lancaster U 136 200 336Lehigh Valley U 168 295 463Montgomery U 261 384 645Philadelphia U 451 637 1,088Three Rivers U 316 610 926Total - Urban WIAs 2,027 3,170 5,197 39% 61%Urban WIAs as a % of Total WIA 54% 60% 57%

215

41 Sales & Related

R/U/

M

Annual Projected

Employment Growth

Annual Projected



Employment Change



Growth



ReplacementTotal WIA 1,687 18,747 20,434 8% 92%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 30 642 672Northwest M 44 703 747South Central M 282 1,985 2,267Southwest Corner M 53 530 583Westmoreland-Fayette M 66 666 732Total - Mixed WIAs 475 4,526 5,001 9% 91%Mixed WIAs as a % of Total WIA 28% 24% 24%Central R 52 827 879North Central R 18 267 285Northern Tier R 17 216 233Pocono R 37 448 485Southern Alleghenies R 61 621 682Tri-County R 37 467 504West Central R 22 311 333Total - Rural WIAs 244 3,157 3,401 7% 93%Rural WIAs as a % of Total WIA 14% 17% 17%Berks U 83 576 659Bucks U 92 1,078 1,170Chester U 112 796 908Delaware U 57 744 801Lackawanna U 21 365 386Lancaster U 103 885 988Lehigh Valley U 61 955 1,016Montgomery U 179 1,785 1,964Philadelphia U 88 1,627 1,715Three Rivers U 172 2,253 2,425Total - Urban WIAs 968 11,064 12,032 8% 92%Urban WIAs as a % of Total WIA 57% 59% 59%

216

43 Office & Administrative Support

R/U/

M

Annual Projected

Employment Growth

Annual Projected



Employment Change



Growth



ReplacementTotal WIA 4,969 20,608 25,577 19% 81%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 176 728 904Northwest M 192 714 906South Central M 618 2,407 3,025Southwest Corner M 127 515 642Westmoreland-Fayette M 194 654 848Total - Mixed WIAs 1,307 5,018 6,325 21% 79%Mixed WIAs as a % of Total WIA 26% 24% 25%Central R 207 873 1,080North Central R 62 277 339Northern Tier R 71 203 274Pocono R 86 355 441Southern Alleghenies R 153 590 743Tri-County R 133 500 633West Central R 62 270 332Total - Rural WIAs 774 3,068 3,842 20% 80%Rural WIAs as a % of Total WIA 16% 15% 15%Berks U 163 590 753Bucks U 281 954 1,235Chester U 327 951 1,278Delaware U 168 772 940Lackawanna U 128 388 516Lancaster U 199 784 983Lehigh Valley U 272 1,108 1,380Montgomery U 507 1,875 2,382Philadelphia U 367 2,396 2,763Three Rivers U 476 2,704 3,180Total - Urban WIAs 2,888 12,522 15,410 19% 81%Urban WIAs as a % of Total WIA 58% 61% 60%

217

45 Farming, Fishing & Forestry

R/U/

M

Annual Projected

Employment Growth

Annual Projected



Employment Change



Growth



ReplacementTotal WIA 52 1,352 1,404 4% 96%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 1 38 39Northwest M 8 115 123South Central M 9 242 251Southwest Corner M 3 87 90Westmoreland-Fayette M 1 60 61Total - Mixed WIAs 22 542 564 4% 96%Mixed WIAs as a % of Total WIA 42% 40% 40%Central R 4 176 180North Central R 2 48 50Northern Tier R 2 91 93Pocono R 2 27 29Southern Alleghenies R 3 108 111Tri-County R 2 70 72West Central R 3 42 45Total - Rural WIAs 18 562 580 3% 97%Rural WIAs as a % of Total WIA 35% 42% 41%Berks U 1 52 53Bucks U 1 24 25Chester U 5 55 60Delaware U 0 3 3Lackawanna U 0 2 2Lancaster U 7 130 137Lehigh Valley U 0 23 23Montgomery U 0 21 21Philadelphia U 1 10 11Three Rivers U 0 15 15Total - Urban WIAs 15 335 350 4% 96%Urban WIAs as a % of Total WIA 29% 25% 25%

218

47 Construction & Extraction

R/U/

M

Annual Projected

Employment Growth

Annual Projected



Employment Change



Growth




219

49 Installation, Maintenance & Repair

R/U/

M

Annual Projected

Employment Growth

Annual Projected



Employment Change



Growth



ReplacementTotal WIA 1,976 5,453 7,429 27% 73%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 84 212 296Northwest M 68 214 282South Central M 296 669 965Southwest Corner M 66 216 282Westmoreland-Fayette M 66 195 261Total - Mixed WIAs 580 1,506 2,086 28% 72%Mixed WIAs as a % of Total WIA 29% 28% 28%Central R 106 260 366North Central R 40 103 143Northern Tier R 33 80 113Pocono R 42 102 144Southern Alleghenies R 66 196 262Tri-County R 46 184 230West Central R 24 81 105Total - Rural WIAs 357 1,006 1,363 26% 74%Rural WIAs as a % of Total WIA 18% 18% 18%Berks U 88 178 266Bucks U 93 298 391Chester U 107 211 318Delaware U 68 198 266Lackawanna U 42 77 119Lancaster U 99 236 335Lehigh Valley U 112 276 388Montgomery U 155 416 571Philadelphia U 116 455 571Three Rivers U 159 596 755Total - Urban WIAs 1,039 2,941 3,980 26% 74%Urban WIAs as a % of Total WIA 53% 54% 54%

220

51 Production

R/U/

M

Annual Projected

Employment Growth

Annual Projected



Employment Change



Growth



ReplacementTotal WIA 1,791 8,136 9,927 18% 82%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 120 373 493Northwest M 112 503 615South Central M 294 1,083 1,377Southwest Corner M 57 275 332Westmoreland-Fayette M 79 323 402Total - Mixed WIAs 662 2,557 3,219 21% 79%Mixed WIAs as a % of Total WIA 37% 31% 32%Central R 63 440 503North Central R 50 250 300Northern Tier R 32 126 158Pocono R 48 138 186Southern Alleghenies R 60 303 363Tri-County R 66 256 322West Central R 28 156 184Total - Rural WIAs 347 1,669 2,016 17% 83%Rural WIAs as a % of Total WIA 19% 21% 20%Berks U 112 375 487Bucks U 44 386 430Chester U 73 270 343Delaware U 46 201 247Lackawanna U 41 147 188Lancaster U 94 497 591Lehigh Valley U 122 420 542Montgomery U 77 532 609Philadelphia U 75 468 543Three Rivers U 98 614 712Total - Urban WIAs 782 3,910 4,692 17% 83%Urban WIAs as a % of Total WIA 44% 48% 47%

221

53 Transportation & Material Moving

R/U/

M

Annual Projected

Employment Growth

Annual Projected



Employment Change



Growth



ReplacementTotal WIA 3,776 9,396 13,172 29% 71%Luzerne-Schuylkill M 239 532 771Northwest M 106 301 407South Central M 680 1,445 2,125Southwest Corner M 106 296 402Westmoreland-Fayette M 160 362 522Total - Mixed WIAs 1,291 2,936 4,227 31% 69%Mixed WIAs as a % of Total WIA 34% 31% 32%Central R 184 433 617North Central R 101 212 313Northern Tier R 63 147 210Pocono R 84 139 223Southern Alleghenies R 160 366 526Tri-County R 103 222 325West Central R 39 134 173Total - Rural WIAs 734 1,653 2,387 31% 69%Rural WIAs as a % of Total WIA 19% 18% 18%Berks U 164 317 481Bucks U 96 366 462Chester U 172 348 520Delaware U 65 277 342Lackawanna U 90 184 274Lancaster U 241 490 731Lehigh Valley U 245 555 800Montgomery U 216 628 844Philadelphia U 192 830 1,022Three Rivers U 270 812 1,082Total - Urban WIAs 1,751 4,807 6,558 27% 73%Urban WIAs as a % of Total WIA 46% 51% 50%

222

AVERAGE EMPLOYMENT BY OCCUPATION, 2012

WIAs with Single Urban County

OccupationOccupation

Code Berks Bucks Chester Delaware Lackawanna Lancaster Montgomery Philadelphia Three Rivers

Total, All 163,380 258,220 250,750 220,330 97,290 220,800 476,640 617,100 705,700

Management 110000 5,650 9,310 11,440 9,140 3,340 7,280 21,480 27,270 29,110

Business & Financial Operations 130000 5,690 9,950 15,690 11,620 3,520 6,800 31,730 41,400 44,160

Computer & Mathematical 150000 2,240 3,710 15,970 5,890 1,830 2,440 19,330 14,260 25,590

Architecture & Engineering 170000 2,350 3,580 5,370 3,310 1,140 3,280 9,750 8,300 14,490

Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 720 1,720 2,700 1,210 390 800 9,470 5,510 7,820

Community & Social Services 210000 3,140 5,730 4,040 5,250 2,410 3,400 6,510 19,780 14,250

Legal 230000 750 1,130 2,500 1,580 660 820 2,630 13,150 7,030

Education, Training & Library 250000 11,350 13,320 16,060 17,710 6,700 11,520 24,870 43,050 37,940

Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 1,530 2,910 2,490 1,920 1,020 3,250 7,760 10,930 9,490

Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 10,250 15,180 10,720 14,990 8,220 12,130 28,140 47,290 50,640

Healthcare Support 310000 5,470 7,500 7,050 8,910 4,140 8,200 14,960 29,940 23,350

Protective Service 330000 2,300 4,760 2,590 4,000 1,600 2,020 8,940 23,160 16,660

Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 13,530 21,790 21,550 19,480 7,220 19,540 29,980 49,210 61,360

Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 4,920 11,300 7,690 7,870 3,410 6,510 13,330 17,230 20,220

Personal Care & Service 390000 4,160 12,920 9,470 8,070 3,540 5,640 14,040 18,480 22,270

Sales & Related 410000 17,240 30,590 27,140 27,050 10,400 26,780 61,580 49,980 74,800

Office & Administrative Support 430000 26,040 44,160 44,600 34,380 17,130 34,840 86,300 114,250 127,000

Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 260 70 780 10 Confidential 630 280 170 50

Construction & Extraction 470000 5,850 13,160 7,460 8,490 3,180 11,480 15,510 9,800 27,580

Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 7,240 11,950 8,690 7,530 3,430 9,010 17,280 18,050 25,960

Production 510000 19,670 18,530 13,850 10,120 6,740 24,190 25,780 22,580 28,780Transportation & Material Moving 530000 12,920 14,840 12,790 11,730 7,120 20,140 26,880 33,200 37,050

223

WIA – LEHIGH VALLEY (Urban)



Code Total Lehigh Northampton

Total, All Occupations 286,400 62% 38%Management 110000 11,580 68% 32%Business & Financial Operations 130000 11,820 67% 33%Computer & Mathematical 150000 6,460 69% 31%Architecture & Engineering 170000 4,970 74% 26%Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 1,940 76% 24%Community & Social Services 210000 4,280 64% 36%Legal 230000 1,320 61% 39%Education, Training & Library 250000 19,860 55% 45%Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 2,860 65% 35%Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 19,850 77% 23%Healthcare Support 310000 10,620 69% 31%Protective Service 330000 5,090 43% 57%Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 23,710 60% 40%Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 9,360 54% 46%Personal Care & Service 390000 8,340 50% 50%Sales & Related 410000 29,190 60% 40%Office & Administrative Support 430000 50,230 63% 37%Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 70 86% 14%Construction & Extraction 470000 9,450 56% 44%Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 11,430 60% 40%Production 510000 20,610 58% 42%Transportation & Material Moving 530000 23,150 66% 34%

224

WIA – CENTRAL (Rural)


Code Total Centre Clinton Columbia Lycoming Mifflin Montour Northumberland Snyder Union

Total, All Occupations 245,680 27% 5% 10% 22% 6% 6% 11% 6% 8%Management 110000 8,320 37% 5% 6% 21% 5% 12% 11% 3% 6%Business & Financial Operations 130000 7,120 31% 3% 5% 21% 4% 14% 9% 5% 7%Computer & Mathematical 150000 2,900 44% 3% 8% 16% 4% 14% 4% 3% 5%Architecture & Engineering 170000 3,090 45% 3% 4% 30% 7% NA 6% 3% 2%Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 1,410 38% 6% 4% 24% NA 50% 11% 1% 13%Community & Social Services 210000 5,690 17% 4% 5% 18% 12% 12% 12% 10% 11%Legal 230000 580 38% NA 16% 47% NA NA NA NA NAEducation, Training & Library 250000 15,590 49% 3% 10% 21% 9% NA 5% 3% NAArts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 2,540 42% 6% 7% 13% 2% NA 13% 4% 14%Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 12,130 26% NA 13% 23% 10% 9% 11% 4% 13%Healthcare Support 310000 7,780 21% NA 8% 19% 7% 1% 19% 4% 9%Protective Service 330000 4,990 24% 5% 7% 21% 3% 13% 16% 4% 21%Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 23,310 30% 7% 15% 21% 3% 1% 9% 2% 12%Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 7,960 32% 4% 12% 22% 7% 2% 9% 5% 7%Personal Care & Service 390000 7,050 36% 3% 7% 26% 3% 6% 9% 6% 6%Sales & Related 410000 24,690 25% 7% 10% 22% 5% 8% 9% 11% 9%Office & Administrative Support 430000 37,680 32% 5% 10% 22% 5% 0% 9% 6% 6%Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 300 53% NA 10% 27% 10% 67% NA NA NAConstruction & Extraction 470000 10,950 27% 6% 8% 25% 3% 2% 12% 10% 7%Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 10,320 25% 4% 11% 23% 7% 5% 13% 6% 8%Production 510000 21,820 13% 6% 15% 29% 10% 1% 12% 9% 3%Transportation & Material Moving 530000 18,250 17% 5% 11% 24% 9% 0% 21% 8% 4%

225

WIA – NORTH CENTRAL (Rural)


Code Total Cameron Clearfield Elk Jefferson McKean Potter

Total, All Occupations 85,400 0.03 0.36 0.16 0.18 0.22 0.06 Management 110000 2,820 0.04 0.34 0.19 0.17 0.21 0.06 Business & Financial Operations 130000 1,640 0.01 0.33 0.15 0.18 0.31 0.03 Computer & Mathematical 150000 360 NA 0.36 0.17 0.14 0.28 0.06 Architecture & Engineering 170000 1,030 NA 0.44 0.24 0.10 0.17 0.05 Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 210 NA 0.38 NA NA 0.48 0.14 Community & Social Services 210000 1,430 NA 0.32 0.20 0.22 0.20 0.06 Legal 230000 70 NA 1.00 NA NA NA NAEducation, Training & Library 250000 3,760 0.09 0.48 NA 0.20 0.23 NAArts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 110 NA 1.00 NA NA NA NAHealthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 3,210 NA 0.70 NA NA 0.30 NAHealthcare Support 310000 1,530 - 1.00 NA NA NA NAProtective Service 330000 1,350 0.02 0.53 NA 0.16 0.29 NAFood Preparation & Serving Related 350000 7,760 0.02 0.44 0.06 0.17 0.21 0.10 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 2,560 0.03 0.52 0.12 0.16 0.11 0.06 Personal Care & Service 390000 1,980 - 0.39 0.10 0.26 0.25 NASales & Related 410000 8,110 NA 0.43 0.15 0.14 0.25 0.03 Office & Administrative Support 430000 11,810 0.02 0.36 0.15 0.19 0.23 0.06 Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 40 - 0.25 0.25 0.50 NA NAConstruction & Extraction 470000 4,970 NA 0.29 0.14 0.21 0.32 0.03 Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 4,160 NA 0.33 0.13 0.24 0.25 0.06 Production 510000 11,720 NA 0.21 0.35 0.22 0.19 0.04 Transportation & Material Moving 530000 8,260 0.01 0.36 0.14 0.16 0.27 0.07

226

WIA – NORTHERN TIER (Rural)



Code Total Bradford Sullivan Susquehanna Tioga Wyoming

Total, All Occupations 59,610 42% 3% 16% 21% 18%

Management 110000 1,530 48% 3% 18% 22% 9%

Business & Financial Operations 130000 1,580 54% 3% 10% 22% 11%

Computer & Mathematical 150000 340 62% NA 12% 21% 6%

Architecture & Engineering 170000 520 40% NA NA 21% 38%

Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 390 36% NA 13% 18% 33%

Community & Social Services 210000 880 59% NA 10% 17% 14%

Legal 230000 0 NA NA NA NA NA

Education, Training & Library 250000 4,280 39% NA 37% 14% 10%

Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 510 47% NA 22% 12% 20%

Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 2,820 61% NA 12% 24% 4%

Healthcare Support 310000 1,850 43% NA 15% 35% 8%

Protective Service 330000 730 36% NA 18% 26% 21%

Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 4,570 45% NA 19% 19% 17%

Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 1,470 46% 5% 17% 24% 8%

Personal Care & Service 390000 1,030 45% NA 9% 47% NA

Sales & Related 410000 5,230 36% NA 14% 30% 19%

Office & Administrative Support 430000 8,150 41% 3% 17% 23% 16%

Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 120 67% NA NA 8% 25%

Construction & Extraction 470000 3,540 55% NA 27% 19% NA

Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 2,760 46% 1% 17% 27% 9%

Production 510000 5,290 58% NA 13% 29% NATransportation & Material Moving 530000 6,290 46% 0% 14% 16% 24%

227

WIA – POCONO (Rural)



Code Total Carbon Monroe Pike Wayne

Total, All Occupations 97,520 17% 57% 10% 16%Management 110000 2,580 20% 58% 8% 14%Business & Financial Operations 130000 2,510 8% 69% 6% 17%Computer & Mathematical 150000 640 9% 75% 5% 11%Architecture & Engineering 170000 830 11% 89% NA NALife, Physical & Social Science 190000 430 16% 49% 21% 14%Community & Social Services 210000 1,430 25% 49% 8% 18%Legal 230000 210 NA 76% 24% NAEducation, Training & Library 250000 7,010 13% 57% 18% 12%Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 770 23% 55% 10% 12%Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 4,880 25% 51% 5% 18%Healthcare Support 310000 3,020 28% 44% 9% 20%Protective Service 330000 2,920 17% 34% 18% 30%Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 9,570 7% 67% 14% 11%Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 4,110 15% 52% 17% 17%Personal Care & Service 390000 5,360 13% 57% 10% 20%Sales & Related 410000 12,320 14% 58% 10% 18%Office & Administrative Support 430000 15,820 18% 56% 10% 16%Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 20 NA NA NA 100%Construction & Extraction 470000 4,390 17% 44% 9% 30%Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 5,380 13% 63% 7% 17%Production 510000 6,170 29% 71% NA NATransportation & Material Moving 530000 5,890 23% 58% 6% 13%

228

WIA –SOUTHERN ALLEGHENIES Rural)



Code Total Bedford Blair Cambria Fulton Huntingdon Somerset

Total, All Occupations 177,330 9% 33% 32% 3% 8% 16%Management 110000 5,370 7% 29% 36% 4% 9% 16%Business & Financial Operations 130000 4,570 7% 33% 41% NA 6% 13%Computer & Mathematical 150000 1,460 5% 37% 46% NA 4% 8%Architecture & Engineering 170000 1,940 10% 27% 39% NA 4% 20%Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 840 6% 31% 40% 1% 7% 14%Community & Social Services 210000 4,170 5% 28% 45% NA 11% 11%Legal 230000 420 NA 45% 38% 0% NA 17%Education, Training & Library 250000 11,350 11% 28% 35% NA 10% 16%Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 870 NA 41% 45% NA NA 14%Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 12,070 NA 37% 39% NA NA 24%Healthcare Support 310000 6,260 NA 45% 32% NA NA 23%Protective Service 330000 4,470 5% 23% 29% NA 20% 23%Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 15,480 11% 31% 33% 6% 6% 13%Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 5,930 8% 33% 28% 2% 9% 21%Personal Care & Service 390000 6,200 7% 30% 38% NA 10% 14%Sales & Related 410000 17,850 8% 40% 32% 3% 4% 12%Office & Administrative Support 430000 27,110 8% 34% 35% 2% 7% 14%Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 170 12% 12% 18% NA 18% 41%Construction & Extraction 470000 9,160 14% 24% 24% 5% 11% 23%Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 7,540 8% 34% 31% 3% 7% 18%Production 510000 13,550 13% 37% 26% NA 8% 16%Transportation & Material Moving 530000 15,280 13% 35% 24% 3% 9% 17%

229

WIA –TRI-COUNTY (Rural)



Code Total Armstrong Butler Indiana

Total, All Occupations 141,600 11% 60% 28%Management 110000 4,620 11% 58% 31%Business & Financial Operations 130000 4,660 8% 59% 33%Computer & Mathematical 150000 2,580 2% 82% 16%Architecture & Engineering 170000 2,800 6% 71% 22%Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 550 13% 44% 44%Community & Social Services 210000 2,190 25% 44% 32%Legal 230000 660 2% 86% 12%Education, Training & Library 250000 9,300 1% 69% 30%Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 880 3% 58% 39%Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 8,040 16% 61% 23%Healthcare Support 310000 4,780 24% 59% 17%Protective Service 330000 2,620 9% 66% 25%Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 12,320 NA 76% 24%Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 3,340 6% 68% 25%Personal Care & Service 390000 3,980 16% 58% 26%Sales & Related 410000 16,350 8% 53% 40%Office & Administrative Support 430000 21,570 11% 62% 27%Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 40 NA 75% 25%Construction & Extraction 470000 9,480 12% 45% 43%Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 7,310 16% 52% 32%Production 510000 12,030 14% 66% 20%Transportation & Material Moving 530000 9,790 12% 60% 28%

230

WIA –WEST CENTRAL (Rural)



Code Total Lawrence Mercer

Total, All Occupations 77,630 39% 61%Management 110000 2,480 38% 62%Business & Financial Operations 130000 2,020 44% 56%Computer & Mathematical 150000 550 29% 71%Architecture & Engineering 170000 770 26% 74%Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 280 18% 82%Community & Social Services 210000 2,290 32% 68%Legal 230000 230 39% 61%Education, Training & Library 250000 3,690 35% 65%Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 690 59% 41%Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 5,670 39% 61%Healthcare Support 310000 3,110 41% 59%Protective Service 330000 1,670 31% 69%Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 8,080 43% 57%Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 2,580 41% 59%Personal Care & Service 390000 2,830 35% 65%Sales & Related 410000 9,810 37% 63%Office & Administrative Support 430000 12,070 43% 57%Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 130 23% 77%Construction & Extraction 470000 3,130 57% 43%Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 2,980 41% 59%Production 510000 7,190 36% 64%Transportation & Material Moving 530000 5,180 36% 64%

231

WIA –LUZERNE-SCHUYLKILL (Mixed)



Code Total Luzerne Schuylkill

Total, All Occupations 194,600 73% 27%Management 110000 6,070 76% 24%Business & Financial Operations 130000 6,090 78% 22%Computer & Mathematical 150000 2,030 80% 20%Architecture & Engineering 170000 1,930 74% 26%Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 1,150 81% 19%Community & Social Services 210000 4,410 74% 26%Legal 230000 780 74% 26%Education, Training & Library 250000 9,220 71% 29%Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 1,630 79% 21%Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 11,080 74% 26%Healthcare Support 310000 6,700 70% 30%Protective Service 330000 5,030 73% 27%Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 16,600 79% 21%Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 6,160 77% 23%Personal Care & Service 390000 5,450 74% 26%Sales & Related 410000 20,850 74% 26%Office & Administrative Support 430000 33,750 73% 27%Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 250 24% 76%Construction & Extraction 470000 7,500 71% 29%Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 8,130 77% 23%Production 510000 18,510 65% 35%Transportation & Material Moving 530000 21,080 74% 26%

232

WIA –NORTHWEST (Mixed)



Code Total Clarion Crawford Erie Forest Venango Warren

Total, All Occupations 209,800 7% 14% 61% 1% 9% 8%Management 110000 6,920 7% 15% 59% 1% 9% 9%Business & Financial Operations 130000 6,480 4% 10% 67% 1% 8% 10%Computer & Mathematical 150000 1,640 4% 11% 67% NA 9% 9%Architecture & Engineering 170000 3,150 3% 11% 62% 1% 17% 5%Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 750 8% 41% 36% NA NA 15%Community & Social Services 210000 5,100 8% 15% 53% 2% 16% 6%Legal 230000 510 8% 18% 75% NA NA NAEducation, Training & Library 250000 13,990 16% 13% 60% 1% 6% 5%Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 2,110 2% 9% 79% NA 3% 6%Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 13,480 8% 14% 64% 0% 6% 7%Healthcare Support 310000 8,300 7% 15% 68% NA NA 10%Protective Service 330000 3,590 NA 16% 65% 12% NA 7%Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 20,470 9% 17% 62% NA 7% 6%Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 6,670 6% 13% 61% 1% 12% 7%Personal Care & Service 390000 8,180 10% 8% 65% 0% 8% 9%Sales & Related 410000 20,270 5% 10% 68% 0% 10% 7%Office & Administrative Support 430000 32,240 7% 12% 62% 1% 9% 9%Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 210 10% 71% 19% NA NA NAConstruction & Extraction 470000 6,790 10% 17% 53% NA 10% 11%Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 7,740 15% 17% 56% NA 11% NAProduction 510000 24,060 NA 18% 64% NA 11% 7%Transportation & Material Moving 530000 13,440 6% 18% 54% 1% 14% 8%

233

WIA –SOUTH CENTRAL (Mixed)



Code Total Adams Cumberland Dauphin Franklin Juniata Lebanon Perry York

Total, All Occupations 625,730 5% 20% 28% 9% 1% 8% 1% 28%Management 110000 22,340 5% 21% 32% 7% 1% 6% 1% 27%Business & Financial Operations 130000 31,210 3% 26% 41% 6% 0% 4% 0% 19%Computer & Mathematical 150000 15,420 2% 36% 41% 6% NA 2% 0% 13%Architecture & Engineering 170000 9,840 3% 21% 29% 8% 0% 4% 0% 34%Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 3,960 4% 17% 44% 3% 1% 12% 2% 18%Community & Social Services 210000 10,340 4% 12% 36% 11% NA 8% 2% 27%Legal 230000 3,670 4% 15% 61% 2% NA 3% NA 14%Education, Training & Library 250000 32,610 8% 14% 33% 8% NA 9% NA 29%Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 6,110 5% 22% 38% 4% NA 5% 2% 25%Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 35,830 4% 17% 34% 8% 0% 8% 1% 28%Healthcare Support 310000 17,870 5% 18% 26% 10% NA 10% 2% 29%Protective Service 330000 12,490 5% 13% 51% 4% 1% 4% 1% 20%Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 52,870 9% 19% 24% 10% NA 8% 1% 28%Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 18,200 7% 17% 28% 11% 0% 9% 1% 26%Personal Care & Service 390000 18,840 3% 19% 39% 10% 0% 6% 1% 20%Sales & Related 410000 58,930 4% 23% 25% 8% 0% 8% 1% 31%Office & Administrative Support 430000 105,960 4% 21% 31% 8% 1% 8% 1% 26%Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 890 22% 6% 26% 10% 8% 16% 1% 11%Construction & Extraction 470000 22,890 6% 17% 22% 9% 2% 7% 3% 34%Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 27,300 6% 17% 24% 13% 1% 11% 2% 27%Production 510000 54,080 8% 12% 13% 12% 2% 10% 0% 42%Transportation & Material Moving 530000 61,580 4% 24% 20% 10% 1% 9% 3% 28%

234

WIA –SOUTHWEST CORNER (Mixed)



Code Total Beaver Greene Washington

Total, All Occupations 156,560 39% 9% 52%Management 110000 5,550 35% 6% 59%Business & Financial Operations 130000 5,360 37% 5% 58%Computer & Mathematical 150000 1,850 24% 5% 71%Architecture & Engineering 170000 3,280 41% 6% 53%Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 710 45% 8% 46%Community & Social Services 210000 3,200 51% 12% 37%Legal 230000 850 21% 2% 76%Education, Training & Library 250000 11,130 66% 10% 25%Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 1,370 45% 5% 50%Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 7,940 34% 6% 60%Healthcare Support 310000 5,190 48% 8% 44%Protective Service 330000 2,950 43% 21% 36%Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 10,560 25% 5% 69%Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 4,370 42% 7% 51%Personal Care & Service 390000 5,290 48% 6% 47%Sales & Related 410000 16,690 44% 6% 50%Office & Administrative Support 430000 23,630 38% 7% 56%Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 210 NA NA 100%Construction & Extraction 470000 13,850 21% 20% 60%Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 7,930 29% 13% 58%Production 510000 13,230 41% 5% 55%Transportation & Material Moving 530000 11,120 40% 14% 46%

235

WIA –WESTMORELAND-FAYETTE (Mixed)



Code Total Fayette Westmoreland

Total, All Occupations 177,260 27% 73%Management 110000 5,160 23% 77%Business & Financial Operations 130000 5,090 17% 83%Computer & Mathematical 150000 2,110 23% 77%Architecture & Engineering 170000 2,780 22% 78%Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 1,090 23% 77%Community & Social Services 210000 3,500 25% 75%Legal 230000 320 9% 91%Education, Training & Library 250000 10,160 36% 64%Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 1,530 21% 79%Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 9,660 33% 67%Healthcare Support 310000 7,070 20% 80%Protective Service 330000 2,400 34% 66%Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 18,580 28% 72%Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 4,630 26% 74%Personal Care & Service 390000 5,760 29% 71%Sales & Related 410000 20,140 33% 67%Office & Administrative Support 430000 28,850 27% 73%Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 NA NA NAConstruction & Extraction 470000 9,390 31% 69%Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 7,140 25% 75%Production 510000 16,140 19% 81%Transportation & Material Moving 530000 15,270 21% 79%

236

OCCUPATIONAL EMPLOYMENT & WAGES, 2008-2014

Source: Pennsylvania Center for Workforce Information and Analysis * Compounded Growth Rates; ** All jobs, not just entry level jobs *** 2022 Entry Level Wages are 'ESTIMATED' based on 2008-2014 Compounded Growth Rates

Occupation Employment

as a % of Total PA

Employment 2014**

Annual Growth Rate

of Employment 2008-2014*

Employment 2014**

Employment 2008** Occupation - Pennsylvania

Occupation Code

Entry level Wages

2008

Entry level Wages

2014

Annual Growth Rate

of Wages 2008-2014*

Estimated Entry Level Wage

2022***

100.0% -0.15% 5,653,840 5,705,170 Total, All $19,078 $20,530 1.23% $22,6403.8% 1.32% 216,750 200,390 Management 110000 $46,450 $56,780 3.40% $74,2164.9% 2.04% 277,700 246,070 Business & Financial Operations 130000 $35,480 $40,230 2.12% $47,5692.5% 2.52% 143,230 123,330 Computer & Mathematical 150000 $39,410 $44,510 2.05% $52,3531.6% -1.05% 92,100 98,110 Architecture & Engineering 170000 $38,750 $45,060 2.55% $55,1020.9% -2.61% 48,940 57,350 Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 $33,080 $35,250 1.06% $38,3672.0% 1.07% 110,390 103,560 Community & Social Services 210000 $23,700 $25,190 1.02% $27,3240.7% 0.91% 41,760 39,560 Legal 230000 $36,910 $41,520 1.98% $48,5766.1% 0.20% 345,100 341,000 Education, Training & Library 250000 $25,050 $27,080 1.31% $30,0451.1% -1.16% 60,020 64,360 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 $21,360 $22,990 1.23% $25,3596.5% 0.77% 366,220 349,790 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 $32,350 $35,830 1.72% $41,0603.5% 0.40% 199,750 195,080 Healthcare Support 310000 $18,860 $19,660 0.69% $20,7802.1% 0.80% 119,340 113,800 Protective Service 330000 $19,670 $20,160 0.41% $20,8338.6% 0.25% 485,250 477,940 Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 $15,730 $16,820 1.12% $18,3923.1% -0.70% 173,440 180,950 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 $17,300 $18,080 0.74% $19,1753.4% 5.19% 194,710 143,720 Personal Care & Service 390000 $16,370 $16,950 0.58% $17,756

10.3% -0.87% 582,350 613,740 Sales & Related 410000 $16,670 $17,150 0.47% $17,81216.3% -1.17% 922,830 990,190 Office & Administrative Support 430000 $19,880 $21,830 1.57% $24,7310.1% -3.33% 5,590 6,850 Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 $17,450 $18,850 1.29% $20,8933.9% -1.02% 219,800 233,730 Construction & Extraction 470000 $25,980 $28,820 1.74% $33,0964.0% -0.66% 226,070 235,190 Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 $25,130 $27,050 1.23% $29,8417.1% -1.78% 404,050 450,100 Production 510000 $20,990 $23,400 1.83% $27,0507.4% -0.85% 418,450 440,350 Transportation & Material Moving 530000 $18,750 $19,800 0.91% $21,292

237



as a % of Total Berks Employment

2014**

Annual Growth Rate

of Employment 2008-2014*

Employment 2014**

Employment 2008** Occupation - WIA Berks

Occupation Code

Entry level Wages

2008

Entry level Wages

2014

Annual Growth Rate of Wages

2008-2014*


2022***

100% -0.10% 167,560 168,520 Total, All $18,995 $20,690 1.44% $23,1883.4% 1.77% 5,620 5,060 Management 110000 $46,670 $55,770 3.01% $70,7253.7% 2.68% 6,270 5,350 Business & Financial Operations 130000 $35,100 $37,760 1.23% $41,6241.4% 2.91% 2,280 1,920 Computer & Mathematical 150000 $34,500 $41,680 3.20% $53,6321.6% 1.85% 2,690 2,410 Architecture & Engineering 170000 $37,920 $45,800 3.20% $58,9140.5% -5.12% 810 1,110 Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 $24,570 $19,440 -3.83% $14,2251.8% 0.33% 3,040 2,980 Community & Social Services 210000 $25,460 $27,940 1.56% $31,6270.5% 3.60% 890 720 Legal 230000 $38,380 $38,380 0.00% $38,3807.1% 1.68% 11,850 10,720 Education, Training & Library 250000 $25,210 $29,040 2.39% $35,0680.8% -1.59% 1,290 1,420 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 $17,680 $21,290 3.15% $27,2765.8% 1.77% 9,690 8,720 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 $33,570 $35,710 1.04% $38,7783.8% 2.17% 6,290 5,530 Healthcare Support 310000 $20,350 $19,780 -0.47% $19,0451.4% -2.69% 2,360 2,780 Protective Service 330000 $19,440 $20,880 1.20% $22,9688.4% 0.50% 14,130 13,710 Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 $15,540 $16,830 1.34% $18,7183.0% -1.01% 5,100 5,420 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 $17,100 $17,610 0.49% $18,3142.8% 4.75% 4,730 3,580 Personal Care & Service 390000 $16,320 $16,870 0.55% $17,6329.7% -1.81% 16,330 18,220 Sales & Related 410000 $16,820 $17,120 0.30% $17,528

15.0% -1.28% 25,210 27,240 Office & Administrative Support 430000 $19,870 $22,060 1.76% $25,3610.2% 8.02% 270 170 Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 $17,670 $18,010 0.32% $18,4743.4% -2.22% 5,680 6,500 Construction & Extraction 470000 $28,310 $30,650 1.33% $34,0744.7% 0.02% 7,910 7,900 Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 $27,350 $28,090 0.45% $29,108

12.9% 0.01% 21,690 21,680 Production 510000 $21,520 $24,880 2.45% $30,1918.0% -2.24% 13,420 15,370 Transportation & Material Moving 530000 $18,370 $20,760 2.06% $24,438

238


Occupation Employment as

a % of Total Bucks

Employment 2014**

Annual Growth Rate of

Employment 2008-2014*

Employment 2014**

Employment 2008** Occupation - WIA Bucks

Occupation Code

Entry level Wages

2008

Entry level Wages

2014

Annual Growth Rate

of Wages 2008-2014*


2022***

100% -0.58% 263,480 272,780 Total, All $20,230 $20,950 0.58% $21,9503.6% 1.17% 9,510 8,870 Management 110000 $52,320 $63,670 3.33% $82,7273.7% 0.82% 9,860 9,390 Business & Financial Operations 130000 $37,910 $42,300 1.84% $48,9561.6% 0.00% 4,250 4,250 Computer & Mathematical 150000 $41,700 $43,660 0.77% $46,4181.6% -1.48% 4,290 4,690 Architecture & Engineering 170000 $38,630 $45,500 2.77% $56,600

NA NA Confidential 2,700 Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 $35,020 $33,400 -0.79% $31,3562.0% 3.74% 5,310 4,260 Community & Social Services 210000 $24,720 $24,440 -0.19% $24,0720.5% 1.47% 1,190 1,090 Legal 230000 $41,000 $46,500 2.12% $55,0005.7% -3.51% 14,960 18,540 Education, Training & Library 250000 $26,060 $26,170 0.07% $26,3170.9% -4.67% 2,440 3,250 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 $27,150 $22,530 -3.06% $17,5685.5% 0.26% 14,400 14,180 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 $36,810 $37,300 0.22% $37,9642.7% -2.14% 7,000 7,970 Healthcare Support 310000 $21,450 $21,750 0.23% $22,1571.5% 1.53% 4,020 3,670 Protective Service 330000 $19,130 $22,910 3.05% $29,1388.9% 5.79% 23,490 16,760 Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 $15,890 $16,870 1.00% $18,2724.6% -0.75% 12,080 12,640 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 $18,820 $18,890 0.06% $18,9845.0% 4.04% 13,300 10,490 Personal Care & Service 390000 $16,700 $17,060 0.36% $17,552

12.0% -0.79% 31,590 33,130 Sales & Related 410000 $17,910 $18,540 0.58% $19,41516.9% -1.26% 44,480 48,000 Office & Administrative Support 430000 $20,520 $22,520 1.56% $25,494

NA NA Confidential 190 Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 $18,030 $16,590 -1.38% $14,8474.5% -3.65% 11,950 14,940 Construction & Extraction 470000 $29,270 $29,250 -0.01% $29,2234.2% -3.79% 11,110 14,010 Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 $27,780 $29,260 0.87% $31,3577.6% -0.87% 19,960 21,030 Production 510000 $23,590 $24,730 0.79% $26,3366.3% -1.98% 16,610 18,730 Transportation & Material Moving 530000 $19,340 $21,350 1.66% $24,359


a % of Total Central

Employment 2014**



Employment 2014**

Employment 2008** Occupation - WIA Central

Occupation Code

Entry level Wages

2008

Entry level Wages

2014


2008-2014*


2022***

100.0% 0.22% 250,700 247,400 Total, All $17,960 $19,660 1.52% $22,1803.5% 1.79% 8,730 7,850 Management 110000 $37,610 $49,470 4.68% $71,3003.2% 1.98% 7,930 7,050 Business & Financial Operations 130000 $28,670 $35,270 3.51% $46,4941.7% 1.72% 4,210 3,800 Computer & Mathematical 150000 $34,780 $40,150 2.42% $48,6231.4% 1.36% 3,600 3,320 Architecture & Engineering 170000 $33,230 $41,170 3.64% $54,7860.7% 1.57% 1,790 1,630 Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 $29,160 $36,490 3.81% $49,2092.0% 2.51% 5,000 4,310 Community & Social Services 210000 $22,020 $24,750 1.97% $28,9250.3% 0.84% 820 780 Legal 230000 $29,940 $30,160 0.12% $30,4567.6% 0.43% 18,950 18,470 Education, Training & Library 250000 $25,480 $28,660 1.98% $33,5271.0% 1.35% 2,450 2,260 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 $19,130 $18,880 -0.22% $18,5526.9% 2.18% 17,220 15,130 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 $30,160 $34,080 2.06% $40,1123.5% -1.25% 8,650 9,330 Healthcare Support 310000 $17,350 $18,650 1.21% $20,5362.2% 3.16% 5,460 4,530 Protective Service 330000 $22,560 $22,360 -0.15% $22,0969.2% -1.59% 22,980 25,300 Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 $15,740 $16,820 1.11% $18,3762.9% 0.28% 7,320 7,200 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 $17,070 $17,480 0.40% $18,0422.8% 2.52% 7,000 6,030 Personal Care & Service 390000 $15,880 $16,700 0.84% $17,8609.3% -1.72% 23,360 25,920 Sales & Related 410000 $15,990 $16,980 1.01% $18,396

15.4% -0.06% 38,580 38,730 Office & Administrative Support 430000 $18,970 $20,660 1.43% $23,1500.2% -3.18% 560 680 Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 $18,230 $17,920 -0.29% $17,5154.6% 0.84% 11,440 10,880 Construction & Extraction 470000 $22,870 $26,480 2.47% $32,1964.8% 3.34% 11,960 9,820 Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 $21,960 $24,500 1.84% $28,3509.1% -1.95% 22,780 25,630 Production 510000 $19,950 $23,900 3.06% $30,4117.9% 1.00% 19,900 18,750 Transportation & Material Moving 530000 $18,200 $19,880 1.48% $22,364

239



a % of Total Chester

Employment 2014**



Employment 2014**

Employment 2008** Occupation - WIA Chester

Occupation Code

Entry level Wages

2008

Entry level Wages

2014

Annual Growth Rate

of Wages 2008-2014*


2022***

100% 0.06% 251,770 250,870 Total, All $21,270 $22,280 0.78% $23,7024.7% 2.26% 11,860 10,370 Management 110000 $57,910 $65,580 2.10% $77,4126.1% -3.08% 15,240 18,390 Business & Financial Operations 130000 $40,630 $45,180 1.79% $52,0506.1% 1.48% 15,450 14,150 Computer & Mathematical 150000 $41,620 $50,570 3.30% $65,5701.9% 0.39% 4,810 4,700 Architecture & Engineering 170000 $41,660 $46,870 1.98% $54,8461.2% -3.54% 3,020 3,750 Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 $41,090 $40,140 -0.39% $38,9071.5% 0.04% 3,720 3,710 Community & Social Services 210000 $27,230 $27,760 0.32% $28,4831.0% 12.77% 2,550 1,240 Legal 230000 $41,090 $51,140 3.71% $68,4687.2% 1.34% 18,220 16,820 Education, Training & Library 250000 $23,390 $26,100 1.84% $30,2091.1% -1.13% 2,690 2,880 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 $24,340 $26,640 1.52% $30,0494.8% 2.08% 12,140 10,730 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 $36,320 $41,010 2.05% $48,2202.3% -4.58% 5,910 7,830 Healthcare Support 310000 $19,830 $20,590 0.63% $21,6491.1% 3.99% 2,820 2,230 Protective Service 330000 $22,140 $23,070 0.69% $24,3719.9% 3.96% 24,900 19,730 Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 $16,010 $16,780 0.79% $17,8652.7% -2.75% 6,710 7,930 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 $19,600 $20,510 0.76% $21,7903.9% 4.54% 9,870 7,560 Personal Care & Service 390000 $16,810 $18,560 1.66% $21,181

10.6% 0.32% 26,720 26,210 Sales & Related 410000 $18,360 $19,150 0.70% $20,25715.5% -2.34% 38,970 44,910 Office & Administrative Support 430000 $21,730 $23,380 1.23% $25,7770.3% -4.30% 630 820 Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 $18,650 $20,720 1.77% $23,8423.4% -1.25% 8,680 9,360 Construction & Extraction 470000 $29,970 $29,980 0.01% $29,9933.7% 0.86% 9,420 8,950 Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 $30,020 $29,910 -0.06% $29,7645.8% 0.86% 14,720 13,980 Production 510000 $22,890 $25,060 1.52% $28,2775.1% -2.27% 12,720 14,600 Transportation & Material Moving 530000 $19,910 $19,140 -0.66% $18,159


a % of Total Delaware

Employment 2014**

Annual Employment Growth Rate 2008-2014*

Employment 2014**

Employment 2008** Occupation - WIA Delaware

Occupation Code

Entry level Wages

2008

Entry level Wages 2014

Annual Growth Rate

of Wages 2008-2014*

Estimated Entry Level

Wage 2022***

-0.31% 224,280 228,560 Total, All $19,810 $21,490 1.37% $23,9544.1% 3.83% 9,120 7,280 Management 110000 $52,530 $64,270 3.42% $84,1075.4% 2.13% 12,100 10,660 Business & Financial Operations 130000 $40,060 $45,330 2.08% $53,4522.1% 2.61% 4,750 4,070 Computer & Mathematical 150000 $45,350 $47,530 0.79% $50,6011.6% -4.21% 3,700 4,790 Architecture & Engineering 170000 $45,720 $53,790 2.75% $66,811

NA NA Confidential 1,840 Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 $28,370 $33,120 2.61% $40,7152.7% 7.38% 6,010 3,920 Community & Social Services 210000 $24,190 $27,640 2.25% $33,0180.8% 19.88% 1,810 610 Legal 230000 $43,850 $38,160 -2.29% $31,7048.4% -0.88% 18,830 19,860 Education, Training & Library 250000 $26,880 $29,610 1.63% $33,6870.8% -3.81% 1,830 2,310 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 $20,370 $26,700 4.61% $38,3037.0% 1.33% 15,770 14,570 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 $35,400 $40,740 2.37% $49,1353.8% 0.71% 8,480 8,130 Healthcare Support 310000 $20,300 $22,230 1.53% $25,0922.3% -4.45% 5,100 6,700 Protective Service 330000 $18,700 $19,080 0.34% $19,5997.4% -4.19% 16,550 21,390 Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 $16,070 $16,820 0.76% $17,8753.3% -1.06% 7,430 7,920 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 $19,360 $19,730 0.32% $20,2345.2% 13.49% 11,620 5,440 Personal Care & Service 390000 $16,990 $17,080 0.09% $17,201

11.4% 0.36% 25,630 25,080 Sales & Related 410000 $16,980 $17,880 0.86% $19,15516.6% -0.91% 37,280 39,380 Office & Administrative Support 430000 $20,740 $23,030 1.76% $26,482

NA NA Confidential 130 Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 $16,810 Confidential NA NA4.0% -1.01% 8,880 9,440 Construction & Extraction 470000 $28,980 $35,110 3.25% $45,3493.2% -1.37% 7,090 7,700 Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 $29,730 $28,460 -0.73% $26,8504.0% -6.12% 8,900 13,000 Production 510000 $23,520 $26,550 2.04% $31,2075.4% -2.86% 12,050 14,340 Transportation & Material Moving 530000 $18,540 $19,550 0.89% $20,983

240



a % of Total Lackawanna Employment

2014**



Employment 2014**

Employment 2008** Occupation - WIA Lackawanna

Occupation Code

Entry level Wages

2008

Entry level Wages

2014


2008-2014*


2022***

100% -0.40% 101,940 104,430 Total, All $18,240 $19,850 1.42% $22,2203.5% 2.06% 3,560 3,150 Management 110000 $40,580 $43,260 1.07% $47,1113.8% 1.93% 3,870 3,450 Business & Financial Operations 130000 $32,030 $36,060 2.00% $42,2341.8% 0.65% 1,830 1,760 Computer & Mathematical 150000 $36,740 $37,110 0.17% $37,6090.9% -7.47% 910 1,450 Architecture & Engineering 170000 $32,920 $43,980 4.95% $64,7170.4% -5.64% 360 510 Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 $28,510 $30,420 1.09% $33,1681.9% -0.09% 1,900 1,910 Community & Social Services 210000 $20,440 $23,760 2.54% $29,0410.5% 5.25% 530 390 Legal 230000 $31,350 $31,530 0.10% $31,7726.2% 0.75% 6,350 6,070 Education, Training & Library 250000 $27,160 $28,900 1.04% $31,3950.8% -4.93% 790 1,070 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 $18,410 $20,570 1.87% $23,8508.2% 0.92% 8,390 7,940 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 $30,670 $32,950 1.20% $36,2574.6% 2.51% 4,640 4,000 Healthcare Support 310000 $19,100 $20,660 1.32% $22,9401.6% 0.83% 1,660 1,580 Protective Service 330000 $19,740 $19,470 -0.23% $19,1168.1% -2.50% 8,280 9,640 Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 $15,680 $16,830 1.19% $18,4963.0% 3.14% 3,010 2,500 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 $17,160 $16,820 -0.33% $16,3773.7% 6.16% 3,750 2,620 Personal Care & Service 390000 $15,860 $17,320 1.48% $19,478

11.4% -1.50% 11,630 12,730 Sales & Related 410000 $16,200 $16,980 0.79% $18,07917.5% -0.85% 17,820 18,760 Office & Administrative Support 430000 $19,360 $21,140 1.48% $23,771

NA NA Confidential 160 Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 $17,330 $17,010 -0.31% $16,5923.6% -0.05% 3,670 3,680 Construction & Extraction 470000 $26,230 $27,580 0.84% $29,4893.2% -2.74% 3,310 3,910 Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 $23,920 $24,280 0.25% $24,7696.8% -1.19% 6,960 7,480 Production 510000 $19,690 $20,980 1.06% $22,8338.5% -1.80% 8,670 9,670 Transportation & Material Moving 530000 $18,820 $21,110 1.93% $24,603


a % of Total Lancaster

Employment 2014**



Employment 2014**

Employment 2008** Occupation - WIA Lancaster

Occupation Code

Entry level Wages

2008

Entry level Wages

2014


2008-2014*


2022***

100% -5.36% 167,560 233,190 Total, All $19,340 $20,320 0.83% $21,7053.2% 0.11% 7,540 7,490 Management 110000 $46,620 $53,070 2.18% $63,0813.5% 2.69% 8,140 6,940 Business & Financial Operations 130000 $34,000 $37,600 1.69% $43,0011.6% 6.14% 3,660 2,560 Computer & Mathematical 150000 $38,900 $41,900 1.25% $46,2641.5% 2.88% 3,580 3,020 Architecture & Engineering 170000 $37,800 $41,580 1.60% $47,2160.4% -7.77% 960 1,560 Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 $29,000 $36,360 3.84% $49,1611.3% 0.00% 3,100 3,100 Community & Social Services 210000 $24,570 $25,380 0.54% $26,5020.3% -1.46% 650 710 Legal 230000 $24,980 $35,580 6.07% $57,0254.5% -0.39% 10,610 10,860 Education, Training & Library 250000 $24,620 $24,610 -0.01% $24,5971.2% -0.36% 2,730 2,790 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 $21,460 $18,280 -2.64% $14,7605.3% 0.55% 12,360 11,960 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 $31,830 $32,460 0.33% $33,3203.5% 2.93% 8,180 6,880 Healthcare Support 310000 $19,980 $20,300 0.27% $20,7350.9% -3.28% 2,210 2,700 Protective Service 330000 $19,450 $20,750 1.08% $22,6208.9% 0.63% 20,640 19,880 Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 $15,930 $16,790 0.88% $18,0102.9% -0.12% 6,800 6,850 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 $17,620 $18,360 0.69% $19,3953.1% 4.44% 7,240 5,580 Personal Care & Service 390000 $16,510 $17,250 0.73% $18,289

10.9% -0.36% 25,430 25,990 Sales & Related 410000 $16,830 $17,390 0.55% $18,16614.6% -1.54% 34,030 37,340 Office & Administrative Support 430000 $20,010 $21,270 1.02% $23,0750.3% 0.22% 770 760 Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 $17,280 $19,020 1.61% $21,6165.2% -0.97% 12,130 12,860 Construction & Extraction 470000 $27,210 $28,480 0.76% $30,2664.1% -1.72% 9,550 10,600 Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 $26,540 $28,790 1.37% $32,090

10.4% -2.90% 24,280 28,960 Production 510000 $21,010 $23,920 2.19% $28,4378.8% -2.42% 20,550 23,810 Transportation & Material Moving 530000 $19,410 $19,600 0.16% $19,856

241



a % of Total Lehigh Valley Employment

2014**



Employment 2014**

Employment 2008** Occupation - WIA Lehigh Valley

Occupation Code

Entry level Wages

2008

Entry level Wages

2014


2008-2014*


2022***

100% 0.16% 289,910 287,190 Total, All $19,180 $20,790 1.4% $23,1493.9% 1.13% 11,220 10,490 Management 110000 $45,050 $56,020 3.7% $74,9153.8% -0.81% 11,020 11,570 Business & Financial Operations 130000 $34,880 $37,520 1.2% $41,3542.2% 5.25% 6,280 4,620 Computer & Mathematical 150000 $38,960 $43,480 1.8% $50,3341.6% 1.51% 4,540 4,150 Architecture & Engineering 170000 $39,420 $47,020 3.0% $59,4830.6% -2.08% 1,640 1,860 Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 $32,640 $32,260 -0.2% $31,7601.7% 1.44% 5,000 4,590 Community & Social Services 210000 $23,990 $25,520 1.0% $27,7130.4% -1.29% 1,110 1,200 Legal 230000 $37,680 $41,870 1.8% $48,1926.8% 1.93% 19,780 17,640 Education, Training & Library 250000 $24,300 $26,220 1.3% $29,0190.8% -2.84% 2,440 2,900 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 $20,100 $23,690 2.8% $29,4957.2% 1.69% 20,900 18,900 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 $32,610 $38,780 2.9% $48,8624.0% 0.90% 11,670 11,060 Healthcare Support 310000 $19,370 $20,490 0.9% $22,0851.8% 3.77% 5,120 4,100 Protective Service 330000 $20,700 $20,040 -0.5% $19,1928.8% 1.00% 25,450 23,970 Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 $15,680 $16,800 1.2% $18,4193.2% -0.16% 9,310 9,400 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 $17,640 $18,610 0.9% $19,9873.3% 5.62% 9,510 6,850 Personal Care & Service 390000 $15,900 $17,020 1.1% $18,6379.7% -2.14% 28,050 31,930 Sales & Related 410000 $16,950 $17,070 0.1% $17,231

16.7% -0.76% 48,440 50,700 Office & Administrative Support 430000 $20,390 $21,600 1.0% $23,3260.0% -11.71% 90 190 Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 $17,460 $16,890 -0.6% $16,1593.1% -2.86% 9,050 10,770 Construction & Extraction 470000 $27,260 $29,020 1.0% $31,5454.0% -1.41% 11,510 12,530 Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 $26,230 $28,350 1.3% $31,4467.6% -0.72% 21,900 22,870 Production 510000 $20,680 $23,480 2.1% $27,8138.9% 0.65% 25,890 24,900 Transportation & Material Moving 530000 $19,870 $22,090 1.8% $25,441


a % of Total Luzerne-Schuylkill

Employment 2014**



Employment 2014**

Employment 2008**

Occupation - WIA Luzerne-Schuylkill Occupation Code

Entry level Wages

2008

Entry level Wages

2014


2008-2014*


2022***

100% -5.05% 142,680 194,750 Total, All $18,440 $19,640 1.06% $21,3633.1% -2.44% 4,450 5,160 Management 110000 $36,250 $51,630 6.07% $82,7443.6% -2.30% 5,080 5,840 Business & Financial Operations 130000 $30,410 $36,760 3.21% $47,3381.3% -1.87% 1,840 2,060 Computer & Mathematical 150000 $34,570 $29,910 -2.38% $24,6581.1% -3.75% 1,550 1,950 Architecture & Engineering 170000 $37,790 $45,240 3.04% $57,5090.6% -4.00% 830 1,060 Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 $37,030 $41,090 1.75% $47,2052.4% -2.66% 3,480 4,090 Community & Social Services 210000 $22,690 $24,890 1.55% $28,1590.6% -1.11% 870 930 Legal 230000 $27,520 $30,150 1.53% $34,0535.7% -2.96% 8,190 9,810 Education, Training & Library 250000 $22,990 $29,270 4.11% $40,3920.8% -6.72% 1,120 1,700 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 $21,130 $20,690 -0.35% $20,1176.2% -3.86% 8,810 11,160 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 $29,310 $32,480 1.73% $37,2473.4% -7.84% 4,780 7,800 Healthcare Support 310000 $17,990 $18,670 0.62% $19,6172.5% -4.09% 3,580 4,600 Protective Service 330000 $22,050 $20,560 -1.16% $18,7287.9% -4.10% 11,280 14,500 Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 $15,700 $16,790 1.13% $18,3623.3% -3.62% 4,680 5,840 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 $16,990 $17,060 0.07% $17,1542.8% -0.41% 4,000 4,100 Personal Care & Service 390000 $16,340 $16,820 0.48% $17,482

10.1% -6.84% 14,380 21,990 Sales & Related 410000 $16,490 $17,000 0.51% $17,70516.7% -5.85% 23,860 34,250 Office & Administrative Support 430000 $19,140 $20,640 1.27% $22,8250.0% -15.08% 60 160 Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 $16,030 $24,090 7.03% $41,4723.4% -6.42% 4,870 7,250 Construction & Extraction 470000 $24,850 $25,150 0.20% $25,5564.6% -4.26% 6,540 8,490 Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 $23,780 $27,040 2.16% $32,0938.4% -8.24% 11,960 20,040 Production 510000 $19,480 $22,600 2.51% $27,552

11.6% -4.68% 16,480 21,970 Transportation & Material Moving 530000 $19,030 $20,610 1.34% $22,923

242



a % of Total Montgomery Employment

2014**



Employment 2014**

Employment 2008** Occupation - WIA Montgomery

Occupation Code

Entry level Wages

2008

Entry level Wages

2014


2008-2014*


2022***

100% -0.44% 500,230 513,580 Total, All $21,080 $22,000 0.7% $23,2904.8% 2.23% 24,150 21,160 Management 110000 $56,340 $72,040 4.2% $99,9877.4% 4.56% 37,190 28,460 Business & Financial Operations 130000 $39,590 $44,890 2.1% $53,0784.7% 3.49% 23,400 19,050 Computer & Mathematical 150000 $45,690 $52,440 2.3% $63,0181.9% -4.75% 9,650 12,920 Architecture & Engineering 170000 $44,850 $49,690 1.7% $56,9672.1% -3.03% 10,590 12,740 Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 $40,390 $42,160 0.7% $44,6421.3% 0.54% 6,590 6,380 Community & Social Services 210000 $24,320 $25,110 0.5% $26,2040.5% -1.68% 2,620 2,900 Legal 230000 $48,070 $52,050 1.3% $57,8755.0% -1.78% 24,780 27,600 Education, Training & Library 250000 $26,070 $26,070 0.0% $26,0701.3% -1.03% 6,720 7,150 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 $22,230 $25,430 2.3% $30,4265.6% 0.00% 27,890 27,890 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 $34,750 $39,340 2.1% $46,4183.3% 0.88% 16,290 15,460 Healthcare Support 310000 $20,760 $20,020 -0.6% $19,0742.5% 1.71% 12,480 11,270 Protective Service 330000 $19,450 $19,320 -0.1% $19,1487.5% 1.74% 37,270 33,600 Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 $15,830 $16,780 1.0% $18,1362.7% -5.31% 13,560 18,810 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 $18,610 $20,700 1.8% $23,8573.3% 8.26% 16,710 10,380 Personal Care & Service 390000 $17,110 $17,870 0.7% $18,936

11.9% -1.09% 59,570 63,630 Sales & Related 410000 $17,980 $18,700 0.7% $19,70516.7% -1.69% 83,340 92,340 Office & Administrative Support 430000 $21,380 $23,490 1.6% $26,6310.1% 0.47% 360 350 Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 $15,940 $17,260 1.3% $19,1923.0% -4.62% 15,020 19,950 Construction & Extraction 470000 $31,120 $33,420 1.2% $36,7543.7% -0.85% 18,280 19,240 Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 $28,880 $30,480 0.9% $32,7535.2% -2.88% 26,200 31,220 Production 510000 $23,100 $24,900 1.3% $27,5215.5% -1.98% 27,570 31,080 Transportation & Material Moving 530000 $18,750 $18,510 -0.2% $18,195


a % of Total North Central Employment

2014**



Employment 2014**

Employment 2008** Occupation - WIA North Central

Occupation Code

Entry level Wages

2008

Entry level Wages

2014


2008-2014*


2022***

100% -1.82% 83,900 93,670 Total, All $17,560 $18,680 1.04% $20,2863.2% 1.15% 2,720 2,540 Management 110000 $39,150 $44,980 2.34% $54,1282.4% -0.08% 1,990 2,000 Business & Financial Operations 130000 $26,800 $30,320 2.08% $35,7440.7% -4.04% 570 730 Computer & Mathematical 150000 $29,640 $31,660 1.11% $34,5701.7% -0.24% 1,390 1,410 Architecture & Engineering 170000 $34,100 $38,970 2.25% $46,5640.5% -4.58% 400 530 Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 $31,050 $26,900 -2.36% $22,2162.3% -1.41% 1,910 2,080 Community & Social Services 210000 $22,130 $21,970 -0.12% $21,7580.2% -5.87% 160 230 Legal 230000 $23,790 $31,950 5.04% $47,3455.9% -2.30% 4,930 5,670 Education, Training & Library 250000 $21,130 $21,190 0.05% $21,2700.5% -4.77% 440 590 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 $15,510 $16,920 1.46% $19,0026.0% 0.89% 5,020 4,760 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 $29,560 $29,910 0.20% $30,3833.7% 0.90% 3,070 2,910 Healthcare Support 310000 $17,180 $16,960 -0.21% $16,6711.7% -2.23% 1,450 1,660 Protective Service 330000 $20,650 $27,110 4.64% $38,9748.1% -1.00% 6,780 7,200 Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 $15,580 $16,850 1.31% $18,7063.5% 1.96% 2,910 2,590 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 $15,710 $16,830 1.15% $18,4492.7% 1.63% 2,270 2,060 Personal Care & Service 390000 $15,660 $16,870 1.25% $18,6308.3% -3.84% 6,990 8,840 Sales & Related 410000 $15,810 $17,020 1.24% $18,779

14.0% -3.40% 11,710 14,410 Office & Administrative Support 430000 $17,960 $19,400 1.29% $21,5020.3% 3.97% 240 190 Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 $19,010 $27,830 6.56% $46,2665.4% -0.96% 4,530 4,800 Construction & Extraction 470000 $22,700 $24,850 1.52% $28,0375.3% -0.26% 4,430 4,500 Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 $22,330 $23,660 0.97% $25,558


243



a % of Total Northern Tier Employment

2014**



Employment 2014**

Employment 2008** Occupation - WIA Northern Tier

Occupation Code

Entry level Wages

2008

Entry level Wages

2014


2008-2014*


2022***

100% 1.69% 60,860 55,040 Total, All $17,790 $19,020 1.12% $20,7942.4% 0.69% 1,490 1,430 Management 110000 $33,990 $50,980 6.99% $87,5342.8% 7.86% 1,700 1,080 Business & Financial Operations 130000 $27,000 $30,420 2.01% $35,6640.6% 4.28% 360 280 Computer & Mathematical 150000 $30,440 $36,360 3.01% $46,0841.2% 12.51% 710 350 Architecture & Engineering 170000 $30,050 $44,000 6.56% $73,1660.5% -1.44% 330 360 Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 $31,890 $30,100 -0.96% $27,8681.3% -1.02% 790 840 Community & Social Services 210000 $22,960 $23,930 0.69% $25,2880.3% NA 160 Confidential Legal 230000 $32,900 $25,380 -4.23% $17,9557.9% -0.44% 4,810 4,940 Education, Training & Library 250000 $21,940 $26,730 3.35% $34,7830.8% 5.69% 460 330 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 $16,400 $18,640 2.16% $22,1106.0% 1.44% 3,650 3,350 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 $30,430 $31,870 0.77% $33,8973.7% 0.23% 2,240 2,210 Healthcare Support 310000 $17,030 $17,980 0.91% $19,3301.5% -1.39% 910 990 Protective Service 330000 $19,670 $22,350 2.15% $26,5018.3% 1.86% 5,060 4,530 Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 $15,620 $16,840 1.26% $18,6173.1% 0.63% 1,900 1,830 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 $16,540 $16,810 0.27% $17,1773.4% 9.34% 2,050 1,200 Personal Care & Service 390000 $16,420 $16,840 0.42% $17,4179.3% 3.23% 5,640 4,660 Sales & Related 410000 $15,920 $16,930 1.03% $18,377

14.2% 1.87% 8,630 7,720 Office & Administrative Support 430000 $17,460 $19,000 1.42% $21,2670.3% -5.24% 210 290 Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 $17,840 $23,530 4.72% $34,0376.8% 10.65% 4,130 2,250 Construction & Extraction 470000 $20,340 $25,750 4.01% $35,2675.3% 0.16% 3,200 3,170 Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 $20,910 $23,400 1.89% $27,188

11.3% -2.33% 6,850 7,890 Production 510000 $21,880 $23,040 0.86% $24,6839.2% 1.09% 5,570 5,220 Transportation & Material Moving 530000 $17,990 $21,120 2.71% $26,157


a % of Total Northwest

Employment 2014**



Employment 2014**

Employment 2008** Occupation - WIA Northwest

Occupation Code

Entry level Wages

2008

Entry level Wages

2014


2008-2014*


2022***

100% -0.85% 205,890 216,660 Total, All $17,710 $18,630 0.85% $19,9323.1% -2.21% 6,480 7,410 Management 110000 $37,810 $45,880 3.28% $59,3843.2% 0.78% 6,600 6,300 Business & Financial Operations 130000 $28,740 $34,030 2.86% $42,6300.9% -2.69% 1,860 2,190 Computer & Mathematical 150000 $30,900 $34,850 2.03% $40,9141.3% -6.29% 2,750 4,060 Architecture & Engineering 170000 $28,120 $39,240 5.71% $61,1950.5% -3.99% 940 1,200 Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 $30,690 $33,840 1.64% $38,5502.4% -0.17% 4,960 5,010 Community & Social Services 210000 $23,730 $24,270 0.38% $25,0090.3% -0.92% 700 740 Legal 230000 $30,320 $27,440 -1.65% $24,0206.4% -1.62% 13,200 14,560 Education, Training & Library 250000 $21,810 $23,700 1.40% $26,4780.7% -4.68% 1,350 1,800 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 $16,740 $18,840 1.99% $22,0566.5% 0.80% 13,340 12,720 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 $29,060 $32,210 1.73% $36,9484.5% 0.78% 9,260 8,840 Healthcare Support 310000 $17,380 $17,800 0.40% $18,3762.2% 0.11% 4,590 4,560 Protective Service 330000 $20,060 $19,060 -0.85% $17,8049.7% -0.42% 19,900 20,410 Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 $15,640 $16,810 1.21% $18,5083.2% -1.11% 6,520 6,970 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 $16,090 $16,820 0.74% $17,8453.9% 5.14% 8,130 6,020 Personal Care & Service 390000 $16,210 $16,780 0.58% $17,5719.7% -1.71% 20,030 22,220 Sales & Related 410000 $16,180 $16,980 0.81% $18,109

15.2% -1.25% 31,210 33,650 Office & Administrative Support 430000 $18,430 $19,240 0.72% $20,3760.2% -0.92% 350 370 Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 $17,330 $20,080 2.49% $24,4383.5% -1.24% 7,210 7,770 Construction & Extraction 470000 $23,190 $26,110 2.00% $30,5843.8% -3.77% 7,910 9,960 Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 $22,820 $23,440 0.45% $24,293

13.0% 0.29% 26,760 26,300 Production 510000 $19,580 $22,410 2.28% $26,8315.8% -2.25% 11,850 13,580 Transportation & Material Moving 530000 $17,680 $18,920 1.14% $20,710

244



a % of Total Philadelphia Employment

2014**



Employment 2014**

Employment 2008** Occupation - WIA Philadelphia

Occupation Code

Entry level Wages

2008

Entry level Wages

2014


2008-2014*


2022***

100% 0.27% 622,130 612,120 Total, All $20,580 $21,820 0.98% $23,5914.4% -1.79% 27,100 30,210 Management 110000 $53,110 $67,210 4.00% $92,0047.0% 1.61% 43,490 39,510 Business & Financial Operations 130000 $38,970 $45,310 2.54% $55,3982.8% 3.34% 17,320 14,220 Computer & Mathematical 150000 $43,300 $51,720 3.01% $65,5501.4% -0.46% 8,910 9,160 Architecture & Engineering 170000 $42,260 $50,020 2.85% $62,6301.1% -4.90% 6,800 9,190 Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 $33,110 $33,570 0.23% $34,1933.0% 1.44% 18,370 16,860 Community & Social Services 210000 $23,790 $27,830 2.65% $34,3052.1% -0.89% 12,850 13,560 Legal 230000 $45,580 $53,900 2.83% $67,4056.8% 3.41% 42,580 34,820 Education, Training & Library 250000 $26,200 $32,900 3.87% $44,5741.8% 3.26% 11,300 9,320 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 $26,390 $28,690 1.40% $32,0728.0% 0.56% 49,970 48,330 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 $37,260 $40,320 1.32% $44,7955.1% 5.39% 31,940 23,310 Healthcare Support 310000 $19,220 $19,320 0.09% $19,4543.5% 1.75% 21,870 19,710 Protective Service 330000 $21,110 $21,360 0.20% $21,6987.5% -1.15% 46,920 50,280 Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 $15,830 $16,810 1.01% $18,2122.6% 0.67% 16,000 15,370 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 $18,320 $20,120 1.57% $22,7993.0% 0.51% 18,720 18,160 Personal Care & Service 390000 $16,930 $18,050 1.07% $19,6608.5% 0.14% 53,190 52,760 Sales & Related 410000 $16,840 $16,950 0.11% $17,098

17.4% -1.68% 108,020 119,590 Office & Administrative Support 430000 $22,010 $24,240 1.62% $27,5690.0% -18.57% 70 240 Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 $19,200 $25,370 4.75% $36,7881.7% -2.57% 10,780 12,600 Construction & Extraction 470000 $31,600 $34,480 1.46% $38,7332.9% 1.88% 18,200 16,280 Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 $25,820 $26,240 0.27% $26,8113.4% -1.38% 21,420 23,280 Production 510000 $20,260 $22,920 2.08% $27,0195.8% 0.44% 36,310 35,360 Transportation & Material Moving 530000 $18,490 $19,140 0.58% $20,043


a % of Total Pocono

Employment 2014**



Employment 2014**

Employment 2008** Occupation - WIA Pocono

Occupation Code

Entry level Wages

2008

Entry level Wages

2014


2008-2014*


2022***

100% -0.85% 95,220 100,200 Total, All $17,770 $18,750 0.90% $20,1423.2% 2.92% 3,030 2,550 Management 110000 $34,190 $48,480 5.99% $77,2362.8% 1.50% 2,690 2,460 Business & Financial Operations 130000 $30,690 $35,330 2.37% $42,6271.8% 15.10% 1,720 740 Computer & Mathematical 150000 $31,950 $39,930 3.79% $53,7560.9% -4.87% 830 1,120 Architecture & Engineering 170000 $38,770 $47,840 3.57% $63,3201.0% 7.56% 960 620 Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 $32,100 $42,950 4.97% $63,3301.5% -6.68% 1,400 2,120 Community & Social Services 210000 $22,550 $23,920 0.99% $25,8770.5% 6.45% 480 330 Legal 230000 $27,730 $34,020 3.47% $44,6825.5% -5.09% 5,270 7,210 Education, Training & Library 250000 $25,250 $31,440 3.72% $42,1180.7% -5.77% 630 900 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 $23,350 $20,070 -2.49% $16,4015.1% 1.66% 4,880 4,420 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 $28,230 $34,270 3.28% $44,3822.9% -0.48% 2,720 2,800 Healthcare Support 310000 $17,940 $18,980 0.94% $20,4613.2% -0.22% 3,000 3,040 Protective Service 330000 $19,570 $19,320 -0.21% $18,992

11.2% 1.22% 10,700 9,950 Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 $15,700 $16,810 1.15% $18,4133.6% -3.66% 3,470 4,340 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 $16,920 $16,800 -0.12% $16,6415.2% 6.31% 4,980 3,450 Personal Care & Service 390000 $16,040 $16,830 0.80% $17,944

13.1% -1.20% 12,470 13,410 Sales & Related 410000 $16,440 $16,980 0.54% $17,72816.3% 0.06% 15,530 15,470 Office & Administrative Support 430000 $18,200 $19,820 1.43% $22,2070.1% -4.10% 70 90 Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 $23,060 $16,940 -5.01% $11,2284.6% -1.81% 4,410 4,920 Construction & Extraction 470000 $23,970 $24,740 0.53% $25,8055.4% -4.11% 5,170 6,650 Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 $23,920 $25,590 1.13% $28,0005.1% -3.12% 4,830 5,840 Production 510000 $20,880 $21,850 0.76% $23,2146.3% -4.26% 5,990 7,780 Transportation & Material Moving 530000 $18,580 $18,790 0.19% $19,074

245



a % of Total South Central Employment

2014**



Employment 2014**

Employment 2008** Occupation - WIA South Central

Occupation Code

Entry level Wages

2008

Entry level Wages

2014


2008-2014*


2022***

100% -0.43% 629,140 645,710 Total, All $19,300 $20,610 1.10% $22,4963.6% 2.56% 22,840 19,630 Management 110000 $44,360 $53,320 3.11% $68,1465.0% 2.13% 31,560 27,810 Business & Financial Operations 130000 $35,540 $39,940 1.96% $46,6672.3% -0.84% 14,520 15,270 Computer & Mathematical 150000 $40,840 $44,190 1.32% $49,0891.7% 0.03% 10,750 10,730 Architecture & Engineering 170000 $37,790 $42,590 2.01% $49,9530.6% -1.52% 3,940 4,320 Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 $30,760 $35,840 2.58% $43,9431.8% 2.18% 11,230 9,870 Community & Social Services 210000 $24,890 $24,710 -0.12% $24,4720.7% -1.52% 4,250 4,660 Legal 230000 $33,030 $38,400 2.54% $46,9445.3% -0.94% 33,320 35,270 Education, Training & Library 250000 $24,780 $27,350 1.66% $31,1970.9% -1.45% 5,800 6,330 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 $21,620 $21,690 0.05% $21,7846.1% 1.75% 38,160 34,390 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 $31,410 $35,530 2.08% $41,8772.8% -0.34% 17,790 18,160 Healthcare Support 310000 $19,750 $20,190 0.37% $20,7921.7% 0.80% 10,470 9,980 Protective Service 330000 $21,130 $22,350 0.94% $24,0878.8% -0.58% 55,310 57,280 Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 $15,720 $16,820 1.13% $18,4082.8% -0.87% 17,930 18,890 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 $17,380 $17,660 0.27% $18,0403.0% 4.54% 18,680 14,310 Personal Care & Service 390000 $16,690 $17,540 0.83% $18,7419.1% -1.28% 57,360 61,980 Sales & Related 410000 $16,600 $17,110 0.51% $17,815

16.8% -1.09% 105,830 113,000 Office & Administrative Support 430000 $20,350 $22,260 1.51% $25,0890.1% -7.28% 680 1,070 Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 $17,790 $20,260 2.19% $24,0963.3% -3.48% 21,020 25,990 Construction & Extraction 470000 $26,390 $29,450 1.85% $34,0904.4% -0.46% 27,820 28,600 Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 $26,510 $28,040 0.94% $30,2198.3% -3.13% 52,220 63,210 Production 510000 $21,640 $22,980 1.01% $24,897

10.8% 0.68% 67,660 64,960 Transportation & Material Moving 530000 $19,460 $20,460 0.84% $21,874


a % of Total Southern

Alleghenies Employment

2014**



Employment 2014**

Employment 2008**

Occupation - WIA Southern Alleghenies Occupation Code

Entry level Wages

2008

Entry level Wages

2014


2008-2014*


2022***

100% -0.16% 173,780 175,490 Total, All $17,190 $18,430 1.17% $20,2242.9% 0.65% 5,020 4,830 Management 110000 $34,950 $41,770 3.02% $52,9802.8% 1.97% 4,880 4,340 Business & Financial Operations 130000 $26,880 $30,220 1.97% $35,3291.0% 2.35% 1,770 1,540 Computer & Mathematical 150000 $31,120 $33,090 1.03% $35,9131.2% -5.49% 2,060 2,890 Architecture & Engineering 170000 $34,930 $35,810 0.42% $37,0180.5% -0.18% 940 950 Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 $28,840 $34,180 2.87% $42,8712.6% 2.04% 4,480 3,970 Community & Social Services 210000 $21,070 $24,090 2.26% $28,8020.4% 12.84% 640 310 Legal 230000 $27,530 $26,670 -0.53% $25,5656.2% 0.85% 10,710 10,180 Education, Training & Library 250000 $21,600 $22,480 0.67% $23,7100.6% -4.96% 1,120 1,520 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 $17,750 $18,120 0.34% $18,6257.6% 0.56% 13,270 12,830 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 $25,560 $30,610 3.05% $38,9304.1% 0.85% 7,100 6,750 Healthcare Support 310000 $17,620 $18,690 0.99% $20,2192.4% -0.35% 4,200 4,290 Protective Service 330000 $20,190 $20,850 0.54% $21,7649.7% 0.84% 16,890 16,060 Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 $15,630 $16,830 1.24% $18,5753.3% 0.56% 5,790 5,600 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 $16,190 $16,800 0.62% $17,6493.6% 3.82% 6,250 4,990 Personal Care & Service 390000 $15,880 $16,820 0.96% $18,161

10.6% -0.89% 18,420 19,440 Sales & Related 410000 $15,710 $16,940 1.26% $18,73115.4% -0.41% 26,800 27,470 Office & Administrative Support 430000 $17,650 $18,790 1.05% $20,4260.1% 0.00% 200 200 Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 $18,070 $22,080 3.40% $28,8454.9% 0.58% 8,480 8,190 Construction & Extraction 470000 $21,330 $24,270 2.18% $28,8314.2% -0.64% 7,330 7,620 Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 $20,770 $22,490 1.34% $25,0078.2% -1.83% 14,250 15,920 Production 510000 $19,790 $21,270 1.21% $23,4177.6% -2.74% 13,190 15,580 Transportation & Material Moving 530000 $16,880 $19,070 2.05% $22,439

246



a % of Total SW Corner Employment

2014**



Employment 2014**

Employment 2008** Occupation - WIA SW Corner

Occupation Code

Entry level Wages

2008

Entry level Wages 2014

Annual Growth Rate

of Wages 2008-2014*

Estimated Entry Level

Wage 2022***

100% 0.64% 156,730 150,880 Total, All $18,290 $20,100 1.59% $22,7963.6% 1.55% 5,570 5,080 Management 110000 $39,690 $49,690 3.82% $67,0523.2% 3.97% 5,040 3,990 Business & Financial Operations 130000 $26,970 $34,240 4.06% $47,0721.1% 0.88% 1,750 1,660 Computer & Mathematical 150000 $35,400 $42,240 2.99% $53,4612.0% 2.48% 3,070 2,650 Architecture & Engineering 170000 $40,290 $43,720 1.37% $48,7530.5% -1.80% 780 870 Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 $34,820 $39,070 1.94% $45,5561.6% -1.59% 2,580 2,840 Community & Social Services 210000 $23,410 $24,460 0.73% $25,9340.6% -3.97% 910 1,160 Legal 230000 $25,590 Confidential NA NA6.6% 3.21% 10,310 8,530 Education, Training & Library 250000 $26,610 $26,180 -0.27% $25,6170.7% -6.63% 1,060 1,600 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 $18,300 $17,480 -0.76% $16,4435.2% -1.12% 8,180 8,750 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 $29,880 $32,070 1.19% $35,2422.9% -2.27% 4,540 5,210 Healthcare Support 310000 $19,280 $21,280 1.66% $24,2742.4% 2.36% 3,830 3,330 Protective Service 330000 $19,990 $21,730 1.40% $24,2888.4% -1.26% 13,150 14,190 Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 $15,830 $16,830 1.03% $18,2633.4% 1.78% 5,280 4,750 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 $16,900 $16,860 -0.04% $16,8073.5% 2.20% 5,480 4,810 Personal Care & Service 390000 $15,940 $17,340 1.41% $19,400

10.0% -0.65% 15,620 16,240 Sales & Related 410000 $15,900 $16,980 1.10% $18,53514.6% 0.51% 22,840 22,150 Office & Administrative Support 430000 $18,980 $20,360 1.18% $22,3580.1% 8.32% 210 130 Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 $19,880 $16,940 -2.63% $13,6848.7% 3.14% 13,650 11,340 Construction & Extraction 470000 $25,800 $28,910 1.92% $33,6495.0% 1.17% 7,840 7,310 Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 $25,640 $26,140 0.32% $26,8228.1% -0.74% 12,660 13,240 Production 510000 $20,900 $23,780 2.18% $28,2487.9% 1.93% 12,390 11,050 Transportation & Material Moving 530000 $18,120 $21,900 3.21% $28,196


a % of Total Three Rivers Employment

2014**



Employment 2014**

Employment 2008** Occupation - WIA Three Rivers

Occupation Code

Entry level Wages

2008

Entry level Wages

2014


2008-2014*


2022***

100% -0.43% 699,110 717,460 Total, All $19,160 $20,910 1.47% $23,4954.2% 2.20% 29,220 25,640 Management 110000 $48,560 $61,720 4.08% $84,9806.2% 2.10% 43,400 38,310 Business & Financial Operations 130000 $35,960 $39,440 1.55% $44,6113.8% 2.31% 26,610 23,200 Computer & Mathematical 150000 $37,920 $43,030 2.13% $50,9322.0% -2.07% 14,300 16,210 Architecture & Engineering 170000 $40,850 $45,520 1.82% $52,5891.2% 1.91% 8,650 7,720 Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 $31,050 $35,550 2.28% $42,5821.7% -1.21% 12,150 13,070 Community & Social Services 210000 $23,850 $25,260 0.96% $27,2711.0% 0.80% 7,030 6,700 Legal 230000 $35,460 $42,510 3.07% $54,1405.6% -0.49% 38,930 40,100 Education, Training & Library 250000 $26,700 $25,460 -0.79% $23,8951.2% -2.51% 8,620 10,040 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 $22,450 $26,780 2.98% $33,8817.8% -0.69% 54,260 56,560 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 $33,670 $37,990 2.03% $44,6263.3% -2.44% 22,900 26,560 Healthcare Support 310000 $18,810 $20,120 1.13% $22,0102.2% 1.71% 15,610 14,100 Protective Service 330000 $18,250 $18,580 0.30% $19,0299.1% 0.17% 63,880 63,230 Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 $15,750 $16,810 1.09% $18,3352.9% -1.35% 20,410 22,150 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 $17,220 $18,570 1.27% $20,5363.3% 6.61% 23,230 15,820 Personal Care & Service 390000 $16,240 $16,860 0.63% $17,724

10.9% -0.06% 76,010 76,300 Sales & Related 410000 $16,720 $17,450 0.71% $18,47317.3% -1.81% 121,160 135,180 Office & Administrative Support 430000 $19,980 $22,420 1.94% $26,1440.0% -7.26% 140 220 Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 $17,310 $20,210 2.62% $24,8473.6% -1.72% 25,040 27,790 Construction & Extraction 470000 $26,870 $31,110 2.47% $37,8233.5% -0.97% 24,540 26,010 Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 $25,440 $27,580 1.36% $30,7173.9% -2.67% 27,270 32,080 Production 510000 $21,810 $23,560 1.29% $26,1145.1% -2.05% 35,750 40,470 Transportation & Material Moving 530000 $17,850 $19,220 1.24% $21,212

247



as a % of Total Tri-County

Employment 2014**



Employment 2014**

Employment 2008**

Occupation - WIA Tri-County Occupation Code

Entry level Wages

2008

Entry level Wages

2014


2008-2014*


2022***

100% 2.00% 144,400 128,190 Total, All $18,510 $19,910 1.22% $21,9433.7% 5.47% 5,340 3,880 Management 110000 $38,910 $49,240 4.00% $67,4044.0% 6.90% 5,730 3,840 Business & Financial Operations 130000 $22,840 $33,740 6.72% $56,7701.9% 12.53% 2,680 1,320 Computer & Mathematical 150000 $33,030 $39,340 2.96% $49,6691.7% 2.21% 2,440 2,140 Architecture & Engineering 170000 $34,090 $42,850 3.89% $58,1310.4% 3.62% 520 420 Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 $29,770 $31,140 0.75% $33,0661.5% 0.23% 2,180 2,150 Community & Social Services 210000 $22,270 $23,390 0.82% $24,9720.4% 2.21% 570 500 Legal 230000 $39,670 $45,300 2.24% $54,0716.5% 2.13% 9,410 8,290 Education, Training & Library 250000 $26,590 $28,330 1.06% $30,8290.6% -0.38% 860 880 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 $21,130 $19,780 -1.09% $18,1135.5% 0.81% 8,000 7,620 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 $30,830 $31,380 0.30% $32,1292.7% -4.37% 3,900 5,100 Healthcare Support 310000 $18,620 $20,090 1.27% $22,2331.8% 1.15% 2,570 2,400 Protective Service 330000 $18,430 $22,370 3.28% $28,9657.7% 2.38% 11,170 9,700 Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 $15,660 $16,860 1.24% $18,6052.2% 3.24% 3,160 2,610 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 $16,950 $17,020 0.07% $17,1143.7% 10.00% 5,280 2,980 Personal Care & Service 390000 $15,920 $17,300 1.40% $19,328

11.1% 2.60% 16,000 13,720 Sales & Related 410000 $16,230 $17,210 0.98% $18,61017.0% 3.80% 24,620 19,690 Office & Administrative Support 430000 $18,860 $20,860 1.69% $23,8610.0% -2.99% 50 60 Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 $16,460 $20,490 3.72% $27,4406.3% 3.89% 9,050 7,200 Construction & Extraction 470000 $23,980 $27,850 2.53% $34,0005.5% 1.73% 7,990 7,210 Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 $24,220 $26,030 1.21% $28,6568.3% -3.99% 12,020 15,350 Production 510000 $21,860 $24,290 1.77% $27,9567.5% -0.42% 10,850 11,130 Transportation & Material Moving 530000 $18,330 $18,810 0.43% $19,470


a % of Total West Central Employment

2014**



Employment 2014**

Employment 2008** Occupation- WIA West Central

Occupation Code

Entry level Wages

2008

Entry level Wages

2014


2008-2014*


2022***

100% -0.47% 78,930 81,180 Total, All $17,350 $18,450 1.03% $20,0263.5% 2.62% 2,780 2,380 Management 110000 $40,230 $44,440 1.67% $50,7482.7% 1.40% 2,120 1,950 Business & Financial Operations 130000 $30,330 $34,560 2.20% $41,1330.7% -2.54% 540 630 Computer & Mathematical 150000 $30,360 $36,170 2.96% $45,6841.1% 0.19% 900 890 Architecture & Engineering 170000 $34,730 $40,990 2.80% $51,1280.3% -9.01% 210 370 Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 $29,050 $29,400 0.20% $29,8732.5% -4.34% 2,000 2,610 Community & Social Services 210000 $23,790 $24,850 0.73% $26,3370.3% 3.79% 200 160 Legal 230000 $31,980 $30,510 -0.78% $28,6545.3% -1.83% 4,190 4,680 Education, Training & Library 250000 $21,770 $29,940 5.46% $45,7940.8% 3.14% 650 540 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 $15,980 $17,160 1.19% $18,8706.7% -0.47% 5,290 5,440 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 $29,220 $32,940 2.02% $38,6483.8% 0.51% 3,010 2,920 Healthcare Support 310000 $17,640 $17,280 -0.34% $16,8112.4% 2.62% 1,880 1,610 Protective Service 330000 $22,090 $17,910 -3.44% $13,540

10.9% 2.16% 8,640 7,600 Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 $15,640 $16,800 1.20% $18,4823.9% 0.11% 3,090 3,070 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 $16,130 $16,780 0.66% $17,6884.5% 5.23% 3,530 2,600 Personal Care & Service 390000 $15,920 $17,390 1.48% $19,564

10.1% -3.89% 8,000 10,150 Sales & Related 410000 $15,720 $17,010 1.32% $18,89715.4% -1.06% 12,120 12,920 Office & Administrative Support 430000 $17,920 $19,290 1.24% $21,2810.2% 1.46% 120 110 Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 $16,590 $17,040 0.45% $17,6594.2% 1.97% 3,350 2,980 Construction & Extraction 470000 $23,480 $28,350 3.19% $36,4513.8% -0.97% 2,990 3,170 Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 $22,890 $24,310 1.01% $26,342


248


Occupation Employment as a %

of Total Westmoreland-

Fayette Employment

2014**



Employment 2014**

Employment 2008**

Occupation - WIA Westmoreland-Fayette Occupation Code

Entry level Wages

2008

Entry level Wages

2014


2008-2014*


2022***

100% 0.33% 182,370 178,760 Total, All $17,460 $18,890 1.32% $20,9811.8% 4.77% 3,320 2,510 Architecture & Engineering 170000 $36,800 $46,440 3.95% $63,3350.6% -6.18% 1,050 1,540 Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports & Media 270000 $20,270 $21,890 1.29% $24,2543.2% 1.21% 5,870 5,460 Building & Grounds Cleaning & Maintenance 370000 $16,280 $16,790 0.52% $17,4953.0% 1.98% 5,410 4,810 Business & Financial Operations 130000 $31,540 $37,090 2.74% $46,0402.3% 6.51% 4,190 2,870 Community & Social Services 210000 $21,310 $24,700 2.49% $30,0750.9% -0.81% 1,590 1,670 Computer & Mathematical 150000 $33,760 $37,440 1.74% $42,9795.4% 2.66% 9,820 8,390 Construction & Extraction 470000 $25,380 $27,330 1.24% $30,1666.3% 3.50% 11,430 9,300 Education, Training & Library 250000 $24,710 $24,000 -0.48% $23,0850.1% -13.90% 110 270 Farming, Fishing & Forestry 450000 $17,640 $21,340 3.23% $27,5099.8% 0.41% 17,810 17,380 Food Preparation & Serving Related 350000 $15,820 $16,840 1.05% $18,3036.1% 4.15% 11,130 8,720 Healthcare Practitioners & Technical 290000 $28,680 $37,470 4.56% $53,5213.8% 2.45% 6,870 5,940 Healthcare Support 310000 $16,830 $19,280 2.29% $23,1114.1% -1.84% 7,450 8,330 Installation, Maintenance & Repair 490000 $22,700 $24,380 1.20% $26,8150.2% -4.25% 370 480 Legal 230000 $21,100 $39,030 10.80% $88,6390.6% -2.25% 1,160 1,330 Life, Physical & Social Science 190000 $27,900 $29,480 0.92% $31,7273.3% 0.95% 5,960 5,630 Management 110000 $42,900 $52,150 3.31% $67,661

15.1% -1.37% 27,510 29,890 Office & Administrative Support 430000 $17,760 $19,100 1.22% $21,0463.6% 6.00% 6,540 4,610 Personal Care & Service 390000 $15,700 $16,810 1.15% $18,4139.1% -0.11% 16,550 16,660 Production 510000 $20,510 $23,510 2.30% $28,2041.3% -5.25% 2,410 3,330 Protective Service 330000 $22,890 $20,760 -1.62% $18,225

11.2% -2.10% 20,510 23,300 Sales & Related 410000 $15,910 $16,950 1.06% $18,4438.4% -1.08% 15,320 16,350 Transportation & Material Moving 530000 $17,880 $19,720 1.65% $22,472

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Pennsylvania 1 3 2 4 5 46% 467,940Luzerne-Schuylkill M 2 4 3 5 1 55% 15,490Northwest M 1 2 4 3 5 58% 15,920South Central M 2 3 5 4 1 46% 54,450Southwest Corner M 2 3 5 1 4 49% 12,210Westmoreland-Fayette M 1 2 4 5 3 54% 15,330Central R 1 4 3 2 5 52% 19,520North Central R 1 3 4 5 2 64% 6,860Northern Tier R 1 5 4 2 3 54% 6,040Pocono R 1 3 2 5 4 51% 8,810Southern Alleghenies R 1 2 4 5 3 50% 14,310Tri-County R 1 3 2 4 5 53% 11,790West Central R 4 1 3 2 5 57% 5,640Berks U 1 5 4 3 2 48% 15,010Bucks U 1 3 4 5 2 51% 23,180Chester U 2 1 5 3 4 45% 26,260Delaware U 3 1 2 4 5 52% 17,240Lackawanna U 1 2 5 4 3 54% 9,510Lancaster U 2 5 4 3 1 54% 19,380Lehigh Valley U 1 5 2 4 3 48% 25,030Montgomery U 1 3 2 4 5 46% 40,050Philadelphia U 5 1 2 4 3 58% 43,420Three Rivers U 5 2 1 4 3 48% 44,830Number of WIAs with 1-5 Rank 4 3 2 22 13 13 1 14 8 15 15Note: Cells indicate the ranking 1-5 of column occupation for row PA (WIA) employment growth 2012-2022

Top 5 Projected Employment Change (growth) by Occupation 2012-2022

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Pennsylvania 2 3 1 4 5 42% 467,940Luzerne-Schuylkill M 4 3 1 2 5 45% 15,490Northwest M 5 4 3 1 2 46% 15,920South Central M 2 3 1 5 4 35% 54,450Southwest Corner M 5 2 1 3 4 32% 12,210Westmoreland-Fayette M 4 5 2 1 3 39% 15,330Central R 4 5 2 1 3 44% 19,520North Central R 5 4 3 1 2 48% 6,860Northern Tier R 5 3 4 1 2 41% 6,040Pocono R 3 1 4 2 5 47% 8,810Southern Alleghenies R 1 4 5 3 2 38% 14,310Tri-County R 5 3 2 1 4 37% 11,790West Central R 3 4 2 1 5 56% 5,640Berks U 5 1 2 4 3 37% 15,010Bucks U 1 4 2 3 5 44% 23,180Chester U 1 3 5 2 4 31% 26,260Delaware U 4 2 1 5 3 49% 17,240Lackawanna U 1 2 4 5 3 38% 9,510Lancaster U 5 1 2 4 3 40% 19,380Lehigh Valley U 5 4 1 2 3 32% 25,030Montgomery U 1 4 3 2 5 34% 40,050Philadelphia U 5 1 2 4 3 59% 43,420Three Rivers U 1 3 4 2 5 41% 44,830Number of WIAs with 1-5 Rank 1 12 1 5 9 5 22 22 1 1 17 13 1

Top 5 Projected % Employment Change (growth) by Occupation 2012-2022

Note: Cells indicate the ranking 1-5 of column occupation for row PA (WIA) % employment growth 2012-2022

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Luzerne-Schuylkill M 18 19 20 22 21 15,490Northwest M 18 21 20 19 22 15,920South Central M 18 21 19 20 22 54,450Southwest Corner M 20 19 21 22 18 12,210Westmoreland-Fayette M 19 21 20 18 22 15,330Central R 20 19 18 21 22 19,520North Central R 18 22* 20 17 19 21 6,860Northern Tier R 20 19 21 18 22 6,040Pocono R 18 20 27 19 22 8,810Southern Alleghenies R 18 20 21 19 22 14,310Tri-County R 18 20 19 21 22 11,790West Central R 18 20 23 19 22 5,640Berks U 20 21 19 18 22 15,010Bucks U 18 19 20 21 22 23,180Chester U 19 20 21 22 18 26,260Delaware U 19 20 18 21 22 17,240Lackawanna U 20 21 18 19 22 9,510Lancaster U 20 21 18 19 22 19,380Lehigh Valley U 19 20 21 18 22 25,030Montgomery U 19 20 18 22 21 40,050Philadelphia U 19 18 22 20 21 43,420Three Rivers U 19 20 18 22 21 44,830Number of WIAs with 18-22 Rank 1 2 6 19 2 18 20 9 4 1 22 7

Bottom 5 Projected Employment Change by Occupation 2012-2022

Note 1: Cells indicate the ranking 18-22 of column occupation for row PA (WIA) employment change 2012-2022 Note 2: * N/A

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Pennsylvania 18 20 19 22 21 467,940Luzerne-Schuylkill M 19 20 21 22 18 15,490Northwest M 18 25 21 22 20 15,920South Central M 19 18 21 22 20 54,450Southwest Corner M 19 20 18 22 21 12,210Westmoreland-Fayette M 19 21 18 22 20 15,330Central R 19 20 18 22 21 19,520North Central R 19 22 18 20 21 17 6,860Northern Tier R 21 18 20 22 19 6,040Pocono R 21 20 19 22 18 8,810Southern Alleghenies R 18 21 19 22 20 14,310Tri-County R 19 20 21 22 18 11,790West Central R 20 41 18 22 19 5,640Berks U 18 19 20 22 21 15,010Bucks U 19 20 18 22 21 23,180Chester U 18 20 19 22 21 26,260Delaware U 18 21 20 22 19 17,240Lackawanna U 20 21 18 19 22 9,510Lancaster U 20 19 18 22 21 19,380Lehigh Valley U 18 21 19 22 20 25,030Montgomery U 18 20 19 22 21 40,050Philadelphia U 19 18 22 20 21 43,420Three Rivers U 18 19 20 22 21 44,830Number of WIAs with 18-22 Rank 7 1 3 1 1 7 14 1 18 15 22 21

Bottom 5 Projected % Employment Change by Occupation 2012-2022

Note: Cells indicate the ranking 18-22 of column occupation for row PA (WIA) % employment change 2012-2022

253

Entry Level Wages & Education/Training Requirement for Urban WIAs, 2014

Source: Pennsylvania Center for Workforce Information and Analysis, Occupational Wages. Data was collected from the Occupational Employment Survey, May 2014. Note: (i) 'Low' and 'High' indicates the lowest and highest average wages for a 4-digit occupation for that education/training level, (ii) Average in the above table is the average of ALL 4-digit occupations for that level of education/training.

Education/ Training Requirement

PA Berks Bucks Chester Delaware Lackawanna Lancaster Lehigh Valley Montgomery Philadelphia Three Rivers

ST OJT (low) 16,630 16,620 16,590 16,620 16,630 16,720 16,730 16,590 16,600 16,590 16,760ST OJT (high) 53,680 52,050 60,980 47,900 45,060 51,300 42,830 46,640 47,310 49,760 45,150Average 22,735 21,549 23,062 23,102 22,024 20,871 21,891 22,592 23,464 23,393 22,257

MT OJT (low) 16,750 16,720 17,280 16,740 17,050 16,740 16,590 16,760 16,590 16,820 16,840MT OJT (high) 44,870 47,240 57,120 51,530 67,960 36,700 57,850 44,100 57,170 62,060 58,110Average 26,809 27,370 29,738 31,001 31,606 25,299 27,377 27,001 30,071 30,610 27,948

LT OJT (low) 18,320 17,310 19,120 22,600 23,090 19,630 17,060 17,270 17,260 17,110 18,700LT OJT (high) 70,300 62,450 69,700 80,820 65,550 53,280 53,340 56,230 54,130 54,810 62,070Average 33,259 33,812 35,357 38,041 40,006 31,955 32,709 35,989 36,423 38,140 38,141

WK EXP (low) 21,270 16,810 17,220 23,510 21,120 22,280 17,610 16,950 21,240 26,420 19,380WK EXP (high) 69,650 62,520 87,530 72,800 81,850 64,870 69,480 65,310 88,540 75,430 72,890Average 38,481 39,563 44,576 45,266 27,656 38,783 39,599 40,327 46,136 44,364 40,934

PS (low) 16,770 17,030 17,500 16,590 16,780 17,120 16,770 16,760 16,670 16,930 16,820PS (high) 55,500 68,770 41,880 40,040 40,980 33,790 33,430 54,860 47,550 71,790 45,900Average 25,476 27,085 28,389 25,261 25,223 23,805 24,721 26,393 26,757 30,394 26,163

PS+ (low) 21,530 28,390 22,440 28,590 20,980 16,880 22,920 28,490 18,110 22,640 21,350PS+ (high) 59,100 59,210 53,120 53,230 57,630 36,900 44,720 61,010 56,760 68,200 64,680Average 34,154 39,934 36,122 39,854 37,791 28,404 33,265 40,899 38,247 39,072 37,109

AD (low) 16,910 20,140 17,640 21,240 17,160 16,870 16,880 16,870 17,900 18,410 17,110AD (high) 59,220 60,240 69,230 63,670 84,010 55,580 60,400 56,500 64,600 68,790 54,110Average 36,221 35,806 41,841 40,614 43,191 36,297 37,263 39,925 39,492 40,900 36,118

AD+ (low) 20,730 23,780 27,410 29,180 28,290 25,700 27,100 17,210 23,840 23,660 17,250AD+ (high) 68,820 36,290 61,290 52,340 81,580 54,010 73,390 70,820 66,660 43,180 71,090Average 37,439 27,678 44,870 40,428 44,980 35,135 38,526 36,179 39,069 35,706 35,760

BD (low) 16,950 17,180 17,050 18,050 17,160 16,700 16,810 16,800 16,940 16,810 16,790BD (high) 69,210 66,600 80,080 73,410 95,150 60,090 64,480 85,150 103,730 74,420 75,600Average 41,966 41,662 46,889 46,746 48,026 37,200 39,712 44,245 46,985 43,973 42,048

BD+ (low) 17,030 16,720 22,460 16,900 16,680 16,930 17,090 17,090 16,760 16,810 17,010BD+ (high) 95,600 105,600 123,920 152,160 113,380 85,860 90,700 88,790 123,220 117,980 100,750Average 48,296 48,899 57,804 59,020 54,677 44,858 47,287 50,423 57,232 56,540 49,195

MD (low) 21,180 16,870 24,580 27,900 20,640 16,870 16,960 16,730 17,920 17,050 23,820MD (high) 131,560 88,870 68,460 63,090 85,110 64,550 64,320 134,380 85,910 181,480 126,580Average 46,333 51,272 42,606 58,735 45,983 37,534 39,682 48,521 49,849 51,740 49,553

MD+ (low) 28,490 27,120 31,100 28,440 31,980 25,810 27,140 37,410 28,460 28,040 30,360MD+ (high) 71,190 73,560 90,350 75,340 83,200 66,150 71,570 80,120 83,250 76,500 76,330Average 48,963 49,238 48,065 48,658 49,262 47,813 47,923 48,445 47,816 51,056 46,430

PhD (low) 25,210 37,880 49,820 41,290 39,460 30,200 41,130 21,630 21,300 25,110 31,430PhD (high) 78,120 65,600 60,640 72,070 70,300 64,580 61,350 74,990 94,890 70,800 109,950Average 48,143 49,520 56,100 50,252 48,552 45,683 47,981 46,873 40,156 48,852 48,718

PROF (low) 34,910 65,750 68,090 29,430 58,770 38,600 35,270 60,450 75,940 44,920 32,320PROF (high) 194,310 221,340 190,130 # 141,550 193,930 181,700 211,760 174,300 # 157,740Average 104,209 115,720 109,277 100,031 94,547 126,787 98,998 111,823 106,426 103,368 92,920

254

Entry Level Wages & Education/Training Requirement for Mixed WIAs, 2014


PA Luzerne-Schuylkill Northwest South Central Southwest Corner Westmoreland-Fayette

ST OJT (low) 16,630 16,720 16,710 16,020 16,590 16,600ST OJT (high) 53,680 42,560 35,950 58,000 52,270 64,310Average 22,735 21,692 19,974 22,483 21,982 21,043

MT OJT (low) 16,750 16,860 16,780 16,650 16,800 16,770MT OJT (high) 44,870 42,400 43,570 53,360 53,320 48,360Average 26,809 25,957 24,862 26,689 28,735 27,833

LT OJT (low) 18,320 17,010 17,180 16,850 17,110 16,900LT OJT (high) 70,300 63,060 61,970 58,940 62,870 56,920Average 33,259 32,549 30,730 32,648 35,185 33,036

WK EXP (low) 21,270 19,950 20,160 20,520 20,900 17,570WK EXP (high) 69,650 61,740 61,440 74,530 80,540 66,530Average 38,481 37,619 35,257 38,588 40,512 38,318

PS (low) 16,770 16,880 16,640 16,740 16,920 16,860PS (high) 55,500 33,460 32,020 62,300 34,040 52,650Average 25,476 24,873 22,289 25,543 25,614 25,884

PS+ (low) 21,530 21,380 17,340 19,240 20,180 30,560PS+ (high) 59,100 41,340 51,000 54,320 63,530 52,890Average 34,154 29,191 32,860 34,045 38,636 36,283

AD (low) 16,910 17,300 17,270 16,820 17,100 16,820AD (high) 59,220 49,680 53,060 54,960 59,960 53,630Average 36,221 37,014 32,147 34,702 39,480 36,722

AD+ (low) 20,730 17,040 22,460 23,580 36,020 25,160AD+ (high) 68,820 51,220 44,100 57,580 56,030 83,870Average 37,439 30,200 30,326 35,913 42,370 43,748

BD (low) 16,950 16,830 16,870 16,770 16,740 16,840BD (high) 69,210 79,210 67,610 70,710 77,610 72,860Average 41,966 41,588 38,833 40,532 44,682 45,156

BD+ (low) 17,030 16,800 16,590 17,100 19,740 16,590BD+ (high) 95,600 92,420 82,850 89,660 101,830 98,090Average 48,296 46,440 42,086 46,825 48,972 48,966

MD (low) 21,180 16,810 20,270 24,560 22,350 23,140MD (high) 131,560 82,080 107,960 150,310 80,140 75,170Average 46,333 43,935 48,158 51,479 47,450 41,127

MD+ (low) 28,490 30,040 25,390 28,740 24,640 27,580MD+ (high) 71,190 69,510 64,710 85,660 59,710 77,260Average 48,963 46,973 43,834 51,035 46,658 47,132

PhD (low) 25,210 38,690 21,030 25,660 29,940 29,260PhD (high) 78,120 61,810 57,100 105,140 62,430 64,420Average 48,143 52,840 44,212 48,856 46,810 43,261

PROF (low) 34,910 37,040 27,490 24,770 59,280 49,590PROF (high) 194,310 177,060 189,060 181,890 217,150 124,530Average 104,209 111,550 99,225 84,896 104,210 85,632

255

Entry Level Wages & Education/Training Requirement for Rural WIAs, 2014


PA Central North Central Northern Tier Pocono Southern Alleghenies Tri-County West Central

ST OJT (low) 16,630 15,390 16,640 16,590 16,590 16,710 16,590 16,630ST OJT (high) 53,680 53,540 39,860 35,960 44,830 41,570 41,020 40,970Average 22,735 21,690 20,499 20,444 20,394 20,126 20,854 20,306

MT OJT (low) 16,750 17,130 16,640 17,040 16,800 16,590 16,860 16,670MT OJT (high) 44,870 54,700 52,500 41,500 45,410 52,420 53,860 40,460Average 26,809 26,671 24,751 25,978 25,991 24,433 26,903 24,998

LT OJT (low) 18,320 16,840 17,270 16,850 17,770 17,030 16,850 16,590LT OJT (high) 70,300 66,420 49,650 57,540 51,220 56,190 57,120 53,870Average 33,259 31,965 30,663 31,962 29,826 28,941 33,199 31,928

WK EXP (low) 21,270 21,470 19,340 21,370 18,560 17,940 16,750 19,760WK EXP (high) 69,650 84,140 64,680 61,800 64,870 66,410 84,440 64,690Average 38,481 38,149 38,666 36,549 37,417 35,638 38,556 34,209

PS (low) 16,770 16,790 16,680 16,890 16,760 16,820 16,840 16,720PS (high) 55,500 33,200 29,550 30,680 34,860 33,800 32,700 31,620Average 25,476 23,595 21,459 22,745 22,819 21,750 23,520 23,477

PS+ (low) 21,530 22,200 23,400 29,360 23,070 19,690 28,020 16,760PS+ (high) 59,100 63,040 37,480 58,880 46,610 44,260 67,590 50,060Average 34,154 34,562 30,315 36,080 35,499 29,536 38,740 31,090

AD (low) 16,910 18,330 23,300 16,870 21,630 16,840 16,840 18,970AD (high) 59,220 53,130 48,200 53,620 56,260 52,960 54,340 50,170Average 36,221 35,808 34,717 35,613 38,897 32,363 37,018 35,399

AD+ (low) 20,730 27,370 26,380 N/A 21,850 24,440 24,390 24,320AD+ (high) 68,820 63,840 51,350 N/A 36,700 56,520 47,880 24,320Average 37,439 37,669 40,520 N/A 29,275 36,544 33,198 24,320

BD (low) 16,950 16,950 16,800 16,840 16,770 16,750 16,760 17,110BD (high) 69,210 80,270 64,260 70,140 71,060 62,710 83,480 65,440Average 41,966 40,233 36,251 40,203 39,998 36,062 42,084 40,219

BD+ (low) 17,030 16,930 16,590 17,200 16,590 16,700 16,620 16,810BD+ (high) 95,600 92,590 80,260 97,770 86,790 88,640 107,110 92,020Average 48,296 45,065 42,649 46,429 44,588 40,904 49,757 44,960

MD (low) 21,180 24,720 20,980 18,980 25,050 21,840 17,380 17,060MD (high) 131,560 136,580 138,420 76,790 70,300 116,810 142,420 68,420Average 46,333 47,517 46,626 46,865 44,247 42,304 50,838 39,714

MD+ (low) 28,490 26,620 25,680 32,090 31,130 28,190 22,960 28,910MD+ (high) 71,190 69,460 54,900 64,780 75,420 81,800 76,220 72,030Average 48,963 50,100 38,258 48,435 49,996 43,998 47,648 52,648

PhD (low) 25,210 25,920 45,730 35,550 57,290 22,390 51,530 36,160PhD (high) 78,120 88,590 54,220 58,080 64,220 54,170 67,870 65,720Average 48,143 48,817 49,975 46,815 60,755 45,043 59,700 50,726

PROF (low) 34,910 30,870 73,640 37,800 46,260 34,600 51,510 44,010PROF (high) 194,310 183,550 219,540 128,090 144,040 134,790 142,500 145,170Average 104,209 108,029 142,422 72,565 94,104 89,786 88,713 86,734

256

Career Training Centers by WIA Start

Source: Pennsylvania Department of Education, EdNA (Education Names and Addresses)

Note: ANTP = Approved Nurse Aid Training Programs

Adult CTC = Adult Career and Technical Center

Com CTC = Comprehensive Career and Technical Center

Occ CTC = Occupational Career and Technical Center

WIAs R/U/M ANTP Adult CTC Com CTC Occ CTCLuzerne-Schuylkill M 16 1 1 4Northwest M 16 5South Central M 14 2 3Southwest Corner M 8 3Westmoreland-Fayette M 16 1 4

70 1 4 19Central R 10 1 6North Central R 14 1 2Northern Tier R 5 2Pocono R 3 1 1Southern Alleghenies R 17 9Tri-County R 12 1 2West Central R 8 1 1

69 5 23Berks U 6 1Bucks U 7 1 2Chester U 3 3Delaware U 7 3Lackawanna U 5 1Lancaster U 2 3Lehigh Valley U 8 3Montgomery U 9 4Philadelphia U 15 1 6Three Rivers U 18 5

80 1 7 25

Total Mixed WIAs

Total Rural WIAs

Total Urban WIAs

257

Postsecondary Schools by WIA

Source: Pennsylvania Department of Education, EdNA (Education Names and Addresses) Note: Branch campuses are treated as separate locations in the above EdNA table. Key to the above table is as follows; C of Tech = College of Technology CC = Community Colleges OAS = Other Approved School (e.g. Beauty School) Other = Other College and University (e.g., online) Pri = Private College and University PLS = Private Licensed Schools (Beauty schools; schools of taxidermy, etc.) P S-A = Private State-Aided Institution (e.g., University of the Arts, Schools of Osteopathy) P 2Y = Private Two-Year College S-A DG = Specialized Associate Degree-Granting (e.g., ITT Technical Institute, Vet Training) SU = State University (SSHE) SR = State-Related Commonwealth University (e.g., PSU branch campuses, Temple U, U Pitt) Theo = Theological Seminary

WIA

R/U/M

C of Tech CC OAS Other Pri PLS P S-A P 2Y S-A DG SU SR Theo

Luzerne-Schuylkill M 2 3 11 3 3Northwest M 1 3 12 1 5 3 2South Central M 4 2 1 2 6 1 5 2Southwest Corner M 1 3 4 1 1 1 1Westmoreland-Fayette M 1 2 9 1 5 3Mixed WIA Total 8 3 12 38 2 20 5 14 3Central R 3 12 3 2 2North Central R 4 2 2 2Northern Tier R 1 1Pocono R 1 3 1 1Southern Alleghenies R 1 3 1 5 2 1Tri County R 1 1 5 2 3West Central R 3 2 2 1Rural WIA Total 3 1 9 27 1 14 9 7 2Berks U 1 1 1 2 6 1 1Bucks U 3 1 3 8 2 1Chester U 2 7 1 1Delaware U 1 1 1 8 8 2 2 1 1Lackawanna U 5 6 1 1 3 1Lancaster U 1 1 1 5 6 2 1 1Lehigh Valley U 2 1 8 17 4 1Montgomery U 2 2 9 15 2 3 2 4Philadelphia U 1 3 13 35 6 8 1 1Three Rivers U 1 6 8 35 1 13 1 3Urban WIA Total 1 12 2 16 63 143 7 6 38 4 9 9

258

Land Area, Population and Population Density 2002-2022

PA/WIARural/ Urban/ Mixed

Land Area in Square Miles,

2010

Population 2002

Population Per Square Mile 2002

Population Est., 2012

Population Per Square Mile

2012

Total Population

(Projections), 2020

Population Per Square Mile

2020

Pennsylvania 44,743 12,331,031 276 12,763,536 285 13,230,170 296Luzerne-Schuylkill M 1,669 464,416 278 468,090 280 482,565 289Northwest M 4,398 517,230 118 510,975 116 526,910 120South Central M 4,570 1,276,004 279 1,404,738 307 1,465,310 321Southwest Corner M 1,868 421,477 226 417,046 223 419,321 225Westmoreland-Fayette M 1,818 512,497 282 499,055 275 496,330 273Mixed WIA Total 14,323 3,191,624 223 3,299,904 230 3,390,436 237Mixed WIA as a % of PA 32% 26% 81% 26% 81% 26% 80%Central R 5,354 601,068 112 622,924 116 648,493 121North Central R 5,081 232,312 46 223,141 44 226,242 45Northern Tier R 3,952 181,236 46 182,651 46 184,736 47Pocono R 2,260 306,046 135 342,658 152 348,116 154Southern Alleghenies R 4,613 466,781 101 455,701 99 465,367 101Tri County R 2,269 338,026 149 341,597 151 352,081 155West Central R 1,031 213,414 207 205,526 199 208,257 202Rural WIA Total 24,560 2,338,883 95 2,374,198 97 2,433,292 99Rural WIA as a % of PA 55% 19% 35% 18.6% 34% 18% 34%Berks U 857 381,338 445 413,491 483 440,143 514Bucks U 604 607,157 1005 627,053 1038 629,420 1042Chester U 751 447,842 597 506,575 675 533,837 711Delaware U 184 551,929 3002 561,098 3052 588,436 3201Lackawanna U 459 211,980 462 214,477 467 221,688 483Lancaster U 944 480,118 509 526,823 558 559,247 593Lehigh Valley U 715 590,034 825 654,512 1,839 675,140 944Montgomery U 483 766,056 1586 808,460 1674 838,883 1737Philadelphia U 134 1,498,493 11174 1,547,607 11541 1,653,729 12332Three Rivers U 730 1,265,577 1733 1,229,338 1684 1,265,919 1734Urban WIA Total 5,860 6,800,524 1160 7089434 1210 7406442 1264Urban WIA as a % of PA 13% 55% 421% 56% 424% 56% 427%

259

POPULATION, POPULATION DENSITY & LAND AREA BY WIA

Source: BEA; Center for Rural PA - County Profiles; "PA Population Projections 2010-2040" - Report for the Center for Rural Pennsylvania, March 2014.

Source: BEA; Center for Rural PA - County Profiles; "PA Population Projections 2010-2040"

- Report for the Center for Rural Pennsylvania, March 2014.

PA/WIA Population 2002

Estimated Population

2012

Projected Population

2020


2030


2040PA 12,331,031 12,763,536 13,230,170 13,759,594 14,132,588Total - Mixed WIAs 3191624 3,299,904 3,390,436 3,484,088 3,523,497Mixed WIAs as % of PA 26% 26% 26% 25% 25%Total - Rural WIAs 2338883 2,374,198 2,433,292 2,479,876 2,481,694Rural WIAs as % of PA 19% 19% 18% 18% 18%Total - Urban WIA 6800524 7,089,434 7,406,442 7,795,630 8,127,397Urban WIAs as % of PA 55% 56% 56% 57% 58%

Population by WIA Category

PA/WIAPopulation Per Square Mile 2002

Estimated Population Per Square Mile 2012

Projected Population Per Square Mile 2020



PA 276 285 296 308 316Total - Mixed WIAs 223 230 237 243 246Total - Rural WIAs 95 97 99 101 101Total - Urban WIA 1160 1,210 1,264 1,330 1,387

Population Density By WIA Category

260

Source: Center for Rural Pennsylvania - County Profiles

PA/WIALand Area in Square Miles

2010PA 44,743Total - Mixed WIAs 14,323% of PA - Mixed WIAs 32%Total - Rural WIAs 24,560% of PA - Rural WIAs 55%Total - Urban WIA 5,860% of PA - Urban WIAs 13%

Land Area by WIA Category

261

Population, Land Area & Population Density by WIA 2002-2020

Source: BEA CA1

CountyRural, Urban, Mixed

WIA WIAPopulation ,

2002

Land Area in Square

Miles, 2010


Pennsylvania Pennsylvania 12331031 44,743 276Luzerne U Luzerne-Schuylkill M 315711 890 355Schuylkill R Luzerne-Schuylkill M 148705 779 191Clarion R Northwest M 41220 601 69Crawford R Northwest M 90031 1,012 89Erie U Northwest M 280379 799 351Forest R Northwest M 5627 427 13Venango R Northwest M 56789 674 84Warren R Northwest M 43184 884 49Adams R South Central M 93934 519 181Cumberland U South Central M 217318 545 398Dauphin U South Central M 254339 525 484Franklin R South Central M 131998 772 171Juniata R South Central M 23129 391 59Lebanon U South Central M 121698 362 336Perry R South Central M 43896 551 80York U South Central M 389692 904 431Beaver U Southwest Corner M 178277 435 410Greene R Southwest Corner M 40096 576 70Washington R Southwest Corner M 203104 857 237Fayette R Westmoreland-Fayette M 144817 790 183Westmoreland U Westmoreland-Fayette M 367680 1,028 358

3191624 14,323 22326% 32%

Centre R Central R 140821 1,110 127Clinton R Central R 38007 888 43Columbia R Central R 64601 483 134Lycoming R Central R 118344 1,229 96Mifflin R Central R 46558 411 113Montour R Central R 18237 130 140Northumberland R Central R 94024 458 205Snyder R Central R 38104 329 116Union R Central R 42372 316 134Cameron R North Central R 5775 396 15Clearfield R North Central R 82925 1,145 72Elk R North Central R 34413 827 42Jefferson R North Central R 45507 652 70McKean R North Central R 45419 979 46Potter R North Central R 18273 1,081 17Bradford R Northern Tier R 62585 1,147 55Sullivan R Northern Tier R 6592 450 15Susquehanna R Northern Tier R 42410 823 52Tioga R Northern Tier R 41638 1,134 37Wyoming R Northern Tier R 28011 397 70Carbon R Pocono R 59820 381 157Monroe R Pocono R 148833 608 245Pike R Pocono R 49063 545 90Wayne R Pocono R 48330 726 67Bedford R Southern Alleghenies R 49742 1,012 49Blair R Southern Alleghenies R 127631 526 243Cambria R Southern Alleghenies R 149831 688 218Fulton R Southern Alleghenies R 14251 438 33Huntingdon R Southern Alleghenies R 45705 875 52Somerset R Southern Alleghenies R 79621 1,074 74Armstrong R Tri County R 71747 653 110Butler R Tri County R 177146 789 225Indiana R Tri County R 89133 827 108Lawrence R West Central R 93938 358 262Mercer R West Central R 119476 673 178

2338883 24,560 9519% 55%

Berks U Berks U 381338 857 445Bucks U Bucks U 607157 604 1005Chester U Chester U 447842 751 597Delaware U Delaware U 551929 184 3002Lackawanna U Lackawanna U 211980 459 462Lancaster U Lancaster U 480118 944 509Lehigh U Lehigh Valley U 317252 345 919Northampton U Lehigh Valley U 272782 370 738Montgomery U Montgomery U 766056 483 1586Philadelphia U Philadelphia U 1498493 134 11174Allegheny U Three Rivers U 1265577 730 1733

6800524 5,860 116055% 13%% of PA - Urban WIAs

Population, Land Area & Population Density 2002

Total - Mixed WIAs% of PA - Mixed WIAs

Total - Rural WIAs% of PA - Rural WIAs

Total - Urban WIA

262

Source: BEA CA1


WIA WIAPopulation Est., 2012

Land Area in Square

Miles, 2010


Pennsylvania 12,763,536 44,743 285Luzerne U Luzerne-Schuylkill M 321,027 890 361Schuylkill R Luzerne-Schuylkill M 147,063 779 189Clarion R Northwest M 39,646 601 66Crawford R Northwest M 87,598 1,012 87Erie U Northwest M 280,646 799 351Forest R Northwest M 7,667 427 18Venango R Northwest M 54,272 674 80Warren R Northwest M 41,146 884 47Adams R South Central M 101,482 519 196Cumberland U South Central M 238,614 545 437Dauphin U South Central M 269,665 525 514Franklin R South Central M 151,275 772 196Juniata R South Central M 24,904 391 64Lebanon U South Central M 135,251 362 374Perry R South Central M 45,701 551 83York U South Central M 437,846 904 484Beaver U Southwest Corner M 170,245 435 392Greene R Southwest Corner M 38,085 576 66Washington R Southwest Corner M 208,716 857 244Fayette R Westmoreland-Fayette M 135,660 790 172Westmoreland U Westmoreland-Fayette M 363,395 1,028 354

3,299,904 14,32326% 32%

Centre R Central R 155,171 1,110 140Clinton R Central R 39,517 888 45Columbia R Central R 66,887 483 138Lycoming R Central R 117,168 1,229 95Mifflin R Central R 46,773 411 114Montour R Central R 18,356 130 141Northumberland R Central R 94,428 458 206Snyder R Central R 39,672 329 121Union R Central R 44,952 316 142Cameron R North Central R 4,939 396 12Clearfield R North Central R 81,184 1,145 71Elk R North Central R 31,550 827 38Jefferson R North Central R 44,764 652 69McKean R North Central R 43,127 979 44Potter R North Central R 17,577 1,081 16Bradford R Northern Tier R 62,792 1,147 55Sullivan R Northern Tier R 6,461 450 14Susquehanna R Northern Tier R 42,696 823 52Tioga R Northern Tier R 42,577 1,134 38Wyoming R Northern Tier R 28,125 397 71Carbon R Pocono R 65,006 381 170Monroe R Pocono R 168,798 608 277Pike R Pocono R 56,899 545 104Wayne R Pocono R 51,955 726 72Bedford R Southern Alleghenies R 49,324 1,012 49Blair R Southern Alleghenies R 127,121 526 242Cambria R Southern Alleghenies R 141,584 688 206Fulton R Southern Alleghenies R 14,772 438 34Huntingdon R Southern Alleghenies R 45,943 875 53Somerset R Southern Alleghenies R 76,957 1,074 72Armstrong R Tri County R 68,409 653 105Butler R Tri County R 184,970 789 235Indiana R Tri County R 88,218 827 107Lawrence R West Central R 89,871 358 251Mercer R West Central R 115,655 673 172

2,374,198 24,56019% 55%

Berks U Berks U 413,491 857 483Bucks U Bucks U 627,053 604 1038Chester U Chester U 506,575 751 675Delaware U Delaware U 561,098 184 3052Lackawanna U Lackawanna U 214,477 459 467Lancaster U Lancaster U 526,823 944 558Lehigh U Lehigh Valley U 355,245 345 1029Northampton U Lehigh Valley U 299,267 370 810Montgomery U Montgomery U 808,460 483 1674Philadelphia U Philadelphia U 1,547,607 134 11541Allegheny U Three Rivers U 1,229,338 730 1684

7,089,434 5,86056% 13%% of PA - Urban WIAs




Total - Urban WIA

263

Source: BEA CA1


WIA WIAPopulation

(Projections), 2020

Land Area in Square

Miles, 2010


Pennsylvania 13,230,170 44,743 296Luzerne U Luzerne-Schuylkill M 327,889 890 368Schuylkill R Luzerne-Schuylkill M 154,676 779 199Clarion R Northwest M 40,840 601 68Crawford R Northwest M 88,201 1,012 87Erie U Northwest M 294,425 799 368Forest R Northwest M 7,531 427 18Venango R Northwest M 55,308 674 82Warren R Northwest M 40,605 884 46Adams R South Central M 103,993 519 201Cumberland U South Central M 251,836 545 462Dauphin U South Central M 279,506 525 532Franklin R South Central M 156,911 772 203Juniata R South Central M 24,681 391 63Lebanon U South Central M 139,272 362 385Perry R South Central M 48,597 551 88York U South Central M 460,514 904 509Beaver U Southwest Corner M 172,348 435 396Greene R Southwest Corner M 40,031 576 70Washington R Southwest Corner M 206,942 857 241Fayette R Westmoreland-Fayette M 137,756 790 174Westmoreland U Westmoreland-Fayette M 358,574 1,028 349

3,390,436 14,32326% 32%

Centre R Central R 168,182 1,110 152Clinton R Central R 41,957 888 47Columbia R Central R 67,759 483 140Lycoming R Central R 118,551 1,229 96Mifflin R Central R 48,102 411 117Montour R Central R 19,524 130 150Northumberland R Central R 95,481 458 208Snyder R Central R 41,438 329 126Union R Central R 47,499 316 150Cameron R North Central R 4,759 396 12Clearfield R North Central R 82,984 1,145 72Elk R North Central R 30,826 827 37Jefferson R North Central R 45,084 652 69McKean R North Central R 44,480 979 45Potter R North Central R 18,109 1,081 17Bradford R Northern Tier R 64,106 1,147 56Sullivan R Northern Tier R 6,608 450 15Susquehanna R Northern Tier R 42,335 823 51Tioga R Northern Tier R 43,227 1,134 38Wyoming R Northern Tier R 28,460 397 72Carbon R Pocono R 63,692 381 167Monroe R Pocono R 174,721 608 287Pike R Pocono R 56,192 545 103Wayne R Pocono R 53,511 726 74Bedford R Southern Alleghenies R 50,062 1,012 49Blair R Southern Alleghenies R 128,862 526 245Cambria R Southern Alleghenies R 145,615 688 212Fulton R Southern Alleghenies R 14,934 438 34Huntingdon R Southern Alleghenies R 49,200 875 56Somerset R Southern Alleghenies R 76,694 1,074 71Armstrong R Tri County R 66,750 653 102Butler R Tri County R 190,619 789 242Indiana R Tri County R 94,712 827 115Lawrence R West Central R 89,837 358 251Mercer R West Central R 118,420 673 176

2,433,292 24,56018% 55%

Berks U Berks U 440,143 857 514Bucks U Bucks U 629,420 604 1042Chester U Chester U 533,837 751 711Delaware U Delaware U 588,436 184 3201Lackawanna U Lackawanna U 221,688 459 483Lancaster U Lancaster U 559,247 944 593Lehigh U Lehigh Valley U 365,909 345 1060Northampton U Lehigh Valley U 309,231 370 837Montgomery U Montgomery U 838,883 483 1737Philadelphia U Philadelphia U 1,653,729 134 12332Allegheny U Three Rivers U 1,265,919 730 1734

7,406,442 5,86056% 13%% of PA - Urban WIAs




Total - Urban WIA

264

SUMMARY TABLE 1

Industry Rank by Total Employment Change (2012-2022) – Rural WIAs

Total Employment Growth 2012-2022: All Rural WIAs Combined


Number of Jobs 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 31,840 23 Construction 7,000 72 Accommodation & Food Services 5,920 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 5,510 56 Administrative & Waste Services 4,280 54 Professional & Technical Services 4,020 81 Other Services, Ex. Public Admin 2,800 61 Educational Services 2,360 42 Wholesale Trade 1,600 71 Arts, Entertainment & Recreation 1,500 44-45 Retail Trade 1,340 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction 1,140 31-33 Manufacturing 790 53 Real Estate & Rental & Leasing 640 52 Finance & Insurance 240 55 Management of Companies & Enterprises 150 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 20 22 Utilities -40 99 Government -140 51 Information -350

265

Summary Table 2

Industry Rank by Total Employment Change (2012-2022) – Urban WIAs

Total Employment Growth 2012-2022: All Urban WIAs Combined


Number of Jobs 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 102,170 54 Professional & Technical Services 35,460 56 Administrative & Waste Services 27,070 23 Construction 22,920 72 Accommodation & Food Services 18,530 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 11,060 81 Other Services, Ex. Public Admin 9,800 55 Management of Companies & Enterprises 9,440 61 Educational Services 9,100 52 Finance & Insurance 7,290 44-45 Retail Trade 7,250 71 Arts, Entertainment & Recreation 5,640 42 Wholesale Trade 5,390 53 Real Estate & Rental & Leasing 3,350 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 60 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction 50 22 Utilities -30 51 Information -2,760 31-33 Manufacturing -4,080 99 Government -7,020

266

Summary Table 3

Industry Rank by Total Employment Change (2012-2022) – Mixed WIAs

Total Employment Growth 2012-2022: All Mixed WIAs Combined


Number of Jobs 62 Health Care & Social Assistance 41,010 56 Administrative & Waste Services 15,010 23 Construction 9,870 48-49 Transportation & Warehousing 9,610 72 Accommodation & Food Services 9,160 54 Professional & Technical Services 7,750 81 Other Services, Ex. Public Admin 4,070 55 Management of Companies & Enterprises 3,770 44-45 Retail Trade 3,320 42 Wholesale Trade 2,630 71 Arts, Entertainment & Recreation 2,310 61 Educational Services 1,580 53 Real Estate & Rental & Leasing 1,340 52 Finance & Insurance 880 31-33 Manufacturing 370 11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting 120 21 Mining, Quarrying & Oil & Gas Extraction 120 22 Utilities -190 51 Information -420 99 Government -490

267

Department of Economics and Finance

420 Normal Street, East Stroudsburg, PA 18301-2999

Tel: (570) 422 3148 Fax: (570) 422 3190

January 20, 2016

Dear ----,

Sub: Economic Outlook for Rural Pennsylvania over the Next 10 Years

Greetings.

First, let us introduce ourselves; we are three faculty members (Todd Behr, Gus Christofides and Pats

Neelakantan) at ESU Economics and Finance Department that are part of the Business and Economic

Research Group (BERG), and have conducted dozens of economic studies over the years. A year ago, we

were commissioned by the Center for Rural Pennsylvania to conduct a research study on the Economic

Outlook of Rural PA over the next ten years.

As part of the project, we met with the officials of the Center for Workforce Information and Analysis

(CWIA) at Harrisburg, and they suggested that we consult with the local workforce information Boards

to determine whether any unique local conditions are expected to affect industry/occupational

employment projections in their area.

As an expert in your region, we need your input. Will you please take a few minutes of your time to

answer the following questions? Please feel free to provide comments/insights at the end.

268

Question 1: The CWIA, in cooperation with your local WIB has produced the following projections of

industry/occupational employment in your area. Do you expect the actual growth to exceed, be less or

equal to these projections?

Question 2: In your judgment, do you feel that the existing educational and training facilities in your

area are sufficient to meet the projected future employment growth?

If I can provide you with additional details, please contact me at Work: (570) 422 3831; Fax: (570) 422

3190; E-mail: [email protected]

We would really appreciate if you can fax or upload your response in an email. Thank you,

Sincerely,

Todd Behr Associate Professor, Department of Economics and Finance Director, Business & Economics Research Group East Stroudsburg University, East Stroudsburg, PA 18301

269

SURVEY MAILED TO WIAs FOR FEEDBACK

Name of WIA

Industry Rank by Employment Change

Industry Title Employment Change

Percent Change

I expect employment growth to Comments Exceed Equal Be Less

Top

5

Bot

tom

5

Occupation Rank by Employment Change

Occupation Title Employment Change

Percent Change

I expect employment growth to Comments Exceed Equal Be Less

Top

5

Bot

tom

5

Additional Comments:

271

The Center for Rural Pennsylvania Board of Directors

Chairman Senator Gene Yaw

Vice Chairman

Representative Garth D. Everett

Treasurer Representative Sid Michaels Kavulich

Secretary

Dr. Nancy Falvo Clarion University

Dr. Livingston Alexander University of Pittsburgh

Stephen M. Brame

Governor’s Representative

Dr. Michael A. Driscoll Indiana University

Dr. Stephan J. Goetz

Northeast Regional Center for Rural Development

Dr. Timothy Kelsey Pennsylvania State University

The Center for Rural Pennsylvania 625 Forster St., Room 902

Harrisburg, PA 17120 Phone: (717) 787-9555

www.rural.palegislature.us 1P0717

http://www.rural.palegislature.us/

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