Economic and productive developments.

Changes on logistics

Equal – Logicomp

IT-G-VEN-018

Gilberto Gobbo

Koeln - 15 and 16 May 2003 2

World economic scenery

Koeln - 15 and 16 May 2003 3

Factory specialisation with the widening of the territory served from each one of them

Koeln - 15 and 16 May 2003 4

Globalisation of the economy: the moving of working with high manufacturing content towards emergent countries

Koeln - 15 and 16 May 2003 5

Stock reduction: more and more tense and synchronous chains of “supplier-manufacturer-distributor”

Koeln - 15 and 16 May 2003 6

Processing and communicating reduction of costs

Koeln - 15 and 16 May 2003 7

Focusing of industries and companies on “core business”: the de-verticalization of production and minor services

Koeln - 15 and 16 May 2003 8

Customs barriers fall in UE and gradual homogenisation of the new internal market

Koeln - 15 and 16 May 2003 9

Greater attention to the environment and in general to the Green

Koeln - 15 and 16 May 2003 10

Logistic in Fordistic economy

The logistic granted the efficiency on trasportation of goods at the beginning and at the end of manufacturing processes often vertically very integrated

Koeln - 15 and 16 May 2003 11

Logistic in post-Fordistic economy

The logistic grants: a quick and efficient stocking of manufacturing dis-

verticalized and often spatially distant phases (following dis-localisation and internationalisation phenomena)

a distribution almost always just in time. The logistic:

Discharges new manufacturing function through the manufacturing process

Contribute to gain competitive benefits on cost and differentiation.

Koeln - 15 and 16 May 2003 12

The 12 north-west districts

Chairs: Manzano Furniture: Livenza Furniture: Quartier del

Piave Glass: Murano Foot-wear: Brenta Sport foot-wear:

Montebelluna

Glasses: Belluno Textile: Schio, Thiene,

Valdagno Tanning: Arzignano Engineering: Inoxvalley Engineering: Schio,

Thiene Engineering:

Montecchio

Koeln - 15 and 16 May 2003 13

Production and logistics

On perturbed demand market Market’s peculiarities and logistic of producted

goods: Low predictability of demand Life cycle: from 3 months to 1 year EBIT: from 20% to 60% High variety of product Forecast middle mistake at the moment of start-up

production: from 40% to 100% Stock middle failure: from 10% to 40% End season necessary markdown: from 10% to 25%

Koeln - 15 and 16 May 2003 14

ICT and logistic

Postponement Substitutability Interfacing Penetration

Koeln - 15 and 16 May 2003 15

Postponement

Fulfil manufacturing operations along the supply chain (kitting, packaging…)

Reduce manufacturing phases “in the dark”

Koeln - 15 and 16 May 2003 16

Substitutability

Change the net geography balancing the ratio cost/performance

Koeln - 15 and 16 May 2003 17

Interfacing

Efficient management of informative commercial fluxes, manufacturing and administrative along the whole supply chain

Koeln - 15 and 16 May 2003 18

Penetration

Integration of activities belonging to different value chains

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Modular company

Reticular structure Variety and efficiency Global market economies and local market

economies

Koeln - 15 and 16 May 2003 20

a. GEOGRAFIC PULVERIZATION

MANUFACTURING UNITS

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b. LOGISTIC OPERATORS

PARCELLING AND INDIVIDUALISM > COSTS AND EXPENSES GROUTH

FUEL CONSUMPTION

Koeln - 15 and 16 May 2003 22

c. OUT OF CONTROL COMPLEXITY OF THE WHOLE MOVIMENTATION PATH

SUPPLY CHAIN

Koeln - 15 and 16 May 2003 23

d. HIGH INDIRECT COSTS Pollution Accidents Upkeep of roads Disturbs due to day and night rumour Etc.

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e. DIRECT COST OVERRUN Primary transport costs in the link between the source and the

distribution centre Cost for secondary transport from the distribution centre to the

final client Cost for load and unloading activity Cost for warehouse stockpile Cost for stock maintenance Cost for delivery personalization Cost of computer systems Cost for quality control

Koeln - 15 and 16 May 2003 25

f. SURPLUS STREET LOAD

(Decoupling question – white transport book)

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g. PROBLEMS OF TRAFFIC CONGESTION

>

GROUTH COSTS

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h. THE INTERMODALITY TRAIN-TYRE DECREASED IN THE LAST 5 YEARS

(FROM 15% TO 8% TOTAL HANDLING

OF GOODS)

Koeln - 15 and 16 May 2003 28

i. IMPOSSIBILITY TO ACTIVATE A “TRAVELLING MOTORWAY”

(ROLLENDE LANDSTRASSE, AUSTRIA)