ECOLOGY THE STUDY OF HOW ORGANISMS INTERACT WITH EACH OTHER AND WITH THEIR PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT.
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Transcript of ECOLOGY THE STUDY OF HOW ORGANISMS INTERACT WITH EACH OTHER AND WITH THEIR PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT.
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ECOLOGY
THE STUDY OF HOW ORGANISMS INTERACT WITH EACH OTHER AND WITH THEIR PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT.
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ENVIRONMENT ORGANIZATION• INDIVIDUAL – One organism of a species.• POPULATION- All of the organisms of the
same species that live in the same area.• COMMUNITY- All of the living organisms
that live in the same area.• ECOSYSTEM- All of the living organisms
and nonliving factors in the same area.• BIOSPHERE- Anywhere life is found on the
planet.
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INDIVIDUAL POPULATION COMMUNITY
ECOSYSTEM BIOSPHERE
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BIOTIC FACTORS- The living or once living factors in an ecosystem. Ex. human, hawk, plants, fish, turtle
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ABIOTIC FACTORS- All of the nonlivingfactors in an ecosystem.
Ex. land, water, air, temperature, rocks, sunlight
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HABITAT - The place where an organism lives.
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NICHE - The role an organism has in its ecosystem.
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FEEDING RELATIONSHIPS• Most energy that moves through an ecosystem
starts with the sun.
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PRODUCERS can make their own food.
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PHOTOSYNTHESIS - Chemical process by which plants use light energy to make sugar from waterand carbon dioxide.
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ConsumersObtain energy by eating other organisms.
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HERBIVORES (CONSUMERS) obtain energy by eating plants.
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CARNIVORES (CONSUMERS)obtain energy by eating other animals.
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SCAVENGERS (CONSUMERS) obtain energy by eating the dead remains of animals.
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OMNIVORES (CONSUMERS)obtain energy by eating both plants and animals.
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DECOMPOSERS (CONSUMERS) are organisms that feed on waste or on dead organisms.
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Models of Feeding RelationshipsFood ChainsFood Webs
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A FOOD CHAIN traces the path ofenergy as it moves from one organism to the next in an Ecosystem.
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A FOOD WEB contains several overlapping food chains.
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Feeding Relationships Between Different SpeciesPredator/PreyParasite/Host
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Predator/Prey
• A PREDATOR (CONSUMER) captures and eats other consumers.
• A PREY (CONSUMER) is the organism that is captured by a predator.
• Ex. The lynx is a predator. Her prey is the rabbit.
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Parasite/Host• A PARASITE (CONSUMER) is an organism that lives in
or on another organism to obtain energy.• A HOST (PRODUCER or CONSUMER) is the organism a
parasite lives in or on and obtains energy from.
• Ex. Cowbird and warblers, roundworms and dogs.