Ecology. Driving Questions 1)Define Ecology. 2)Differentiate between biotic and abiotic factors and...
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Transcript of Ecology. Driving Questions 1)Define Ecology. 2)Differentiate between biotic and abiotic factors and...
Ecology
Driving Questions1) Define Ecology.2) Differentiate between biotic and abiotic factors
and give examples of each.3) What is an ecosystem? Give some examples of
ecosystems.4) What are some of the major biomes in the world? 5) Give examples of how biotic and abiotic factors in
an ecosystem interact with each other.6) Draw an illustration of the levels of organization
from a cell all the way up to a biome.7) Explain each level of organization.
Ecology• the study of the relationships between biotic
and abiotic factors in environments
Ecosystem• Includes all of the living things and theenvironment in which they live• includes all abiotic and biotic factors• Biotic Factors: the living parts of an ecosystem• Abiotic Factors: the nonliving parts of an
ecosystem
Biotic Factors• include plants, animals, fungi, microorganisms
Abiotic Factors• include air, water, soil, temperature, wind,
source of energy (usually sun)
Ecosystems• do not necessarily have clear boundaries due
to biotic and abiotic changes• can change daily as things move from one
ecosystem to another• Biotic: migration, seed dispersal • Abiotic: flood, erosion, drought
Biotic Factors• interact with each other in complex ways• such asSymbiotic relationships:• Parasitism• Mutualism• Competition
Biotic Factors• also interact with abiotic factors in the
ecosystem• dependent upon water, minerals,
temperature, light
Biotic Factor Interactions:Symbiotic Relationships
• Parasitism: one organism benefits (the parasite), while the other is harmed (host)
Biotic Factor Interactions:Symbiotic Relationships
• Commensalism: one organism is benefits while the other is not affected
Biotic Factor Interactions:Symbiotic Relationships
• Mutualism: both organisms in the relationship benefit
Biome• a major regional or global biotic community, a
super ecosystem, defined chiefly by the dominant forms of plant life and the prevailing climate
Major Biomes of the World• Desert• Grassland• Tropical Rainforest• Deciduous Forest• Coniferous Forest• Tundra• Ocean
Levels of Organization• Biosphere -LARGEST• Biome• Ecosystem• Community• Population• Organism• Organ System• Organ• Tissue• Cell-SMALLEST
Habitats and Niches• Within an ecosystem, organisms
occupy habitats and niches.• What are these and what is the
difference between these?
Habitat• A location in the environment where
an organism can grow and survive• Includes all of the physical and
biological resources available to a species
Niche• Refers to the way an organism fits
into and survives in its ecosystem• Includes not only where it lives but
what it does in its environment• No two species occupy exactly the
same niche• Niche is determined by physical
characteristics of organism, its behavior, how it reproduces, etc.