Ecological Principles Mr. Skirbst Life Science Topic 18.
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Ecological Principles Mr. Skirbst Life Science Topic 18
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Transcript of Ecological Principles Mr. Skirbst Life Science Topic 18.
Ecological Principles
Mr. SkirbstLife Science
Topic 18
Ecology
Ecology- Greek “oikos” – means
household or home
Ecology- Greek “oikos” – means
household or home- It is the study of the
“households” of Earth
Ecology- Greek “oikos” – means
household or home- It is the study of the
“households” of Earth- Involves relationships within
ecosystems
Ecosystem
Ecosystem- An area where biotic (living)
and abiotic (non-living) factors interact
Ecosystem- An area where biotic (living)
and abiotic (non-living) factors interact
- Ex. Lake, swamp, river, ocean, forest, field, drop of water, etc.
Community- Biotic part of an ecosystem
Community- Biotic part of an ecosystem
- Ex. Plants or animals living together in an area
Niche- The specific role of an
organism in an ecosystem
Population
Population- Group of similar organisms in
an area
Population- Group of similar organisms in
an area
- Ex. All the ants; worms; grass; etc. in an area
Population Density
Population Density- Number of organisms
per unit area
Population Density- Number of organisms
per unit areaDensity = # organisms/
square unitsD = N/S
Population Growth
Population Growth
Population Growth
Population Growth- Related to birth & mortality
Population Growth- Related to birth & mortality- Exponential growth produces a
“J-shaped” population curve
Population Graph
1 2 3 4 5 6 70
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Population Growth- Related to birth & mortality- Exponential growth produces a
“J-shaped” population curveCompetition – struggle for
resources (predators, prey, habitat loss)
Population Graph
1 2 3 4 5 6 70
5
10
15
20
25
Energy Flow
Energy Flow
Energy Flow
Energy Flow
Energy Flow
Energy Flow
Energy Flow
Energy Flow
Energy Flow- Producers: change sun energy
into chemical energy (Ex. Plants and plant-like
protists)
Energy Flow- Consumer: change chemical
energy to kinetic energy- They “consume” other
organisms
Energy Flow- Consumer: change chemical
energy to kinetic energy- They “consume” other
organismsPrimary - herbivores
Energy Flow- Consumer: change chemical
energy to kinetic energy- They “consume” other
organismsPrimary – herbivoresSecondary - carnivores or
omnivores
Energy Flow- Decomposer: recycle remains
of other organisms
Energy Flow- Energy Pyramid: shows flow of
energy from one level to another
Producers
Primary Consumer
Secondary Consumer
Decom
pose
rs
Tertiary Consumer
Energy Flow- Food Chain: transfer of energy
from one organism to another
Energy Flow- Food Chain: transfer of energy
from one organism to another
Energy Flow- Food Chain: transfer of energy
from one organism to another
Energy Flow- Food Chain: transfer of energy
from one organism to another
Energy Flow- Food Web: overlapping food
chains
Population GraphCreate a population graph with the data:
Year: Population: 1 8 2 16 3 32 4 64 5 120 6 200
Population Graph
1 2 3 4 5 60
50
100
150
200
250
TIME (Years)
POPU
LATI
ON
(Ind
ivid
uals
)Name, Date
