Ecological Environment Security of China and Regional Sustainable Development
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Transcript of Ecological Environment Security of China and Regional Sustainable Development
Ecological Environment Security of China and Regional Sustainable Development
Collate according to report of Professor Shi Peijun
Thematic Report of China Geography(3)
Ecological E
nviron
men
t S
ecurity
Region
al Su
stainab
le Develop
men
t
1. World sustainable development and the safe operation of the Earth
Ecological health and environmental health
Traditional linear economy and recycle economy of 21st
"Earth health" and “Human being health"
“Natural capital" and “Social capital"
Earth natural pattern of the world and world political map
Natural production process protecting earth health and natural-society process protecting human health
Core of Geography:man-land relationship--man-land system
A: Earth-Health SystemB: Human being Health SystemH: Earth and Human being Health System( H= A∩B)
Planet Earth's natural pattern( composed of
sea,land,rock,water,soil, biology and gas )
World political map( formed by countries and
regions )
APhysical
and Biogeoche
mical
Processes
BGeophsi
cal –chemical
process
HHA∩BA∩B
physical,chephysical,chemistry and mistry and
biology biology process of process of earth and earth and
humanhuman
The "Earth Health-Human Being Health Model" of Biological Resources Development and Ecological Construction
Su
stainab
le man
-land
system
2. Ecosystem services of earth system and ecological assets
Human takes cognizance of a new natural resources
——service functions of ecological system
Human calculate the new natural resources method using of different methods
—— ecological assets
Not only affect the sovereignty of a country or sustainable development of a region
and affecting human security on the entire planet.
Green economy——GDP(GDE) Economic value of man-land system
Spatial distribution of remote sensing quantitative measurements of Chinese terrestrial ecosystems unit area
of ecological assets
Ten thousand yuan/km2
Result 1: Distribution of ecological assets of China
Possibility of achieving an integrated quantitative system (GDP/GDE)
South China Sea Islands
生态系统 面积/km2 生态资产价值
编号 类型
单位面积价值 a)
/万元• km-2
实际单位面积价
值/万元• km-2 测量面积 比例/% 总值/亿元 比例/%
1 热带亚热带森林 173.00 175.34 809268 8.43 14190.04 22.02
2 温带森林/泰加林 26.03 28.56 619294 6.45 1768.48 2.74
3 草地(灌丛) 20.00 29.00 4176594 43.51 12112.12 18.80
4 红树林 861.00 861.00 543 0.01 46.79 0.07
5 沼泽湿地 1687.00 1687.00 156682 1.63 26432.31 41.02
6 河流/湖泊 732.00 732.00 110177 1.15 8064.97 12.52
7 荒漠 20.00 3.29 1573272 16.39 517.31 0.80
8 冻原 0.00 0.00 3950 0.04 0.00 0.00
9 冰川/裸岩 0.00 0.00 406593 4.24 0.00 0.00
10 耕地 7.93 7.51 1743627 18.16 1309.73 2.03
全国合计 ― - 9600000 100.00 64441.77 100.00
Overall assessment of ecological assets of Chinese terrestrial ecosystems
Ecosystem
No. Type
Tropical and Subtropical forestTemperate forest
Taiga Grassland(shrubs)
Mangrove
Mangrove wetland
River/Lake
Desert
Tundra
Glacier/Naked rock
Farmland
Total
Value per unit/10 thousand ·Km-2
Actual Value per unit10 thousand ·Km-2
Area
Measured area Proportion(%)
Ecological Assets
Total Value/100 million
Proportion(%)
单位面积
价值序位
总资产
序位 省区
单位面积价
值
/万元• km-2
总价值
/亿元
单位面积
价值序位
总资产
序位 省区
单位面积
价值
/万元• km-2
总价值
/亿元
1 21 海南 161.18 554.03 17 7 四川 64.4 3670.8
2 4 黑龙江 148.81 6742.02 18 6 青海 62.2 4507.4
3 22 台湾 132.37 481.09 19 15 贵州 60.36 1073.33
4 5 云南 127.26 4946.29 20 3 新疆 44.33 7370.2
5 14 福建 103.27 1278.23 21 18 吉林 40.21 777.59
6 11 江西 100.63 1698.46 22 29 北京 38.72 63.89
7 16 浙江 97.35 994.38 23 30 天津 35.11 41.34
8 10 湖南 83.42 1788.26 24 31 上海 33.67 21.21
9 13 广东 83.17 1505.76 25 20 陕西 33.38 695.36
10 12 湖北 82.2 1550.69 26 24 河南 27.02 450.92
11 9 广西 77.99 1857.67 27 28 宁夏 26.82 136.77
12 1 西藏 70.67 8613.91 28 25 山东 25.62 399.26
13 19 江苏 69.46 704.44 29 23 河北 24.23 457.26
14 17 安徽 68.24 972.68 30 26 辽宁 23.18 339.34
15 8 甘肃 66.62 2721.9 31 27 山西 20.17 320.34
16 2 内蒙 66.41 7706.93 全国合计 67.13 64441.78
Compositor and analysis of ecological assets value of each province zone
Value No. per unit
Total Assets No. Province
Value per unit/10 thousand ·Km-2
Total Value/100 million
Value No.Per unit
Total Value No. Province
Value per unit/10 thousand ·Km-2
Value/ 100 million
Hainan
Hei Longjiang
Taiwan
Yunnan
Fujian
Jiangxi
Zhejiang
Hunan
Guangdong
Hubei
Guangxi
Tibet
Jiangsu
Anhui
Gansu
Inner Mongolia
Sichuan
Qinghai
Guizhou
Xinjiang
Jinlin
Beijing
Tianjin
Shanghai
Shaanxi
Henan
Ningxia
Shandong
Hebei
Liaoning
Shanxi
Total
Results 2. Inner Mongolia land distribution of ecological asset value and ecological service value
Each ecological service function table of Seven ecosystem types
项目 森林 灌木 草地 耕地 建筑用地 难利用地 水体 合计
面积(104 hm2) 1309 379 5588 1371 0.015 2758 258 11662
NPP (104 t/a) 6106 449 9353 3327 0.13 535 952 20695
CO2年固定量(104 t/a) 9890 726 15150 5390 0.2 866 1540 33560
O2 释放量(104 t) 7328 538 11225 3993 0.02 645 1143 24872
氮固定量(104 t/a) 144 34 701 249 0 40 23 1192
磷固定量(104 t/a) 44 0.3 7 2 0 0.4 7 61
钾固定量(104 t/a) 22 8 167 59 0 9 3 269
Item Forest Shrubs Grassland Farmland Built –up Land Unused land Water body Total
Area
Co2 annual Fixation
O2 releasing amount
N Fixation
P Fixation
K Fixation
Each ecological value table of Seven ecosystem types
项目 森林 灌木 草地 耕地 建筑用地 难利用地 水体 合计
生产有机物(108 元) 144.8 10.6 221.8 78.9 0.0003 12.7 22.6 491.4
固定 CO2(108 元) 332.4 24.4 509.1 181.1 0 29.1 51.8 1127.9
释放 O2 (108 元) 293.1 21.5 449 159.7 0 25.8 45.7 994.8
营养物质循环 (108 元) 8.1 1.7 34.1 12.1 0 1.9 1.3 59.2
涵养水源(108 元) 118 14.5 318.9 78.5 0 29.7 21.8 581.4
水土保持(108 元) 202 25 432 0 0 0 0 659
总计(108 元) 1098.4 97.7 1964.9 510.3 0.0003 99.21 143.2 3913.7
区域生态价值贡献率
(元/hm2)
2144 659 898 951 51 92 1418 857
Item Forest Shrubs Grassland Farmland Built –up Land Unused land Water body Total
Producing organism
yuan
Co2Fixation
Releasing
yuan
yuan
Nutrients circulation
Water Conservation soil and water
protection
Total Regional ecological
value distribution rate
yuan
yuan
yuan
(yuan
yuan
3. Ecological Construction-Basic Construction of Regional Sustainable Development
Core:adjust from “large area ecological construction whilst small area production development ” to “large area production development whilst small area ecological construction ”,adjust land use structure now and replan land use pattern.
LUCC----Operable key of man-land relationship harmony
Case 1. Farming-pastoral Zone of North China Ecology-Production Paradigm and Regioanl Sustainable Development
Case 2. Land Use Pattern Adjustment Model under the Condition of Ecological Environment Security of Huangpuchuan River Basin
Start with frangible and sensitive area
4. Consideration of Regional Ecological Environment Construction
and Sustainable Development
There are several natural belts,from South China Sea to Daxing`anling area ,from East China Sea to Tibetan Plateau,forming geographic units and diverse ecosystem.
Understand the huge ecological assets contained in these natural belts,realize ecological construction industrialization,build new industry structure system on the basis of biological resources development,achieve regional sustainable development.
Discuss and realize sustainablue development model of“Earth Health” and “Human Being Health ”
Three ModelsFirst: “west model” , “ hand back countermeasure”Second: “east model”,”ecological province countermeasure”Three:”city model”,”replan metropolis urban landscape countermeasure”
Rural ecological environment construction and regional sustainable development
Ecological province(district,city and county) construction and sustainable development
Assumption
Discussion of realizing international plutonomy system of “Earth Health” and “Human Being Health ”should be imperative under the situation.
Suggestion : New plutonomy should discuss the world problem,construct system info of “The New Capital ” melting natural capital and social capital.It provides epoch-making value
for ethical revival and world sustainable development .
Adventruous assumption