Eco fibres and eco friendly textiles 4
-
Upload
adane-nega -
Category
Business
-
view
110 -
download
1
Transcript of Eco fibres and eco friendly textiles 4
NATIVE COLOUR COTTON PROJECT
PERU
•COMMENCED IN 1984 TO DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY TO SUPPORT
INDIGENOUS FARMERS AND TRADITIONAL ARTISANS
•15000 FARDMERS CULTIVATE COLOURED COTTON
•50000 WOMEN INVOLVED IN TRADITIONAL HAND SPINNING AND
HAND WEAVING•COLOURED COTTON IS PRODUCED WITHOUT THE USE OF SYNTHETIC
FERTILIZERS AND PESTICIDES•COTTON PLANT GROWS UP TO 5
METERS HIGHYIELD 10 KG PER PLANT
•REMARKABLY RESISTANT TO PEST AND DISEASES
•THRIVES IN MARGINAL SOILS WITH LITTLE OR NO RAIN FALL
PRE-HISPANIC GRAVE in the Chancay Valley of Peru is heaped with naturally colored cotton bolls. The ancient people of this coastal area filled the body of the deceased with the cotton, which would absorb the bodily fluids, thereby aiding in the process of mummification. The arid sands of the region preserved the cotton (which was removed from the body when this grave was looted.)
SIX PRINCIPLE COLOUR
VARIETIES
CREAM
Pista green
MEDIUM BROWN
REDDISH BROWN
CHOCOLATE BROWN
MAUVE
Brown verities possess anti-bacterial and anti-fungal properties
COFFEE FILTERS MADE FROM CERTIFIED ORGANIC COLOURED COTTON FREE FROM
PESTIFCIDES, BLEACHES ANDSYNTHETIC COLOURS
Natural coloured yarns and fabrics are certified by SKAL, Dutch certifying agency
PERUVIAN TAPESTRY from A.D. 1000 depicts a cotton plant complete with roots, leaves, stems, flowers and ripening cotton bolls spilling forth with naturally pigmented cotton
Four species of cotton have different lint lengths.
COTTON HARVESTING is done by hand in Peru
Women then sort the cotton, also by hand, for color and quality.
Traditional spinning bowl
LINT FIBER greatly enlarged reveals the natural twist The dark masses impart the natural color.
Coloured cotton bolls are hand picked
Small quantity is used for craft production and domestic consumption in rural market.
Large quantity is consumed in uraban market as
textile products
Medical remedy for over fifty somatic and psychosomatic disorders
Colour cotton cultivation by traditional farmers is officially protected
Large number of traditional farmers are immensely benefited
No patents are held on native colored cotton, respecting and promoting the crop
protection rights of the indigenous people of Peru.
Today Indian descendants of ancient Peruvian cultures still harvest, gin and spin by hand the natural colored cottons of Peru.
Slivers of coloured cotton
Naturally coloured yarn for Kniting and Weaving
Coloured cotton fabrics
COTTON CLOTHES in naturally occurring colors are produced in Peru
Sally Fox was introduced to colored cotton while
working for a cotton breeder, whose focus was
developing pest-resistant strains of cotton.
The peoples of Central and South America had spun
these strains for centuries, but the fiber qualities were
not sufficient for modern machine spinning.
Here was Sally Fox’s opportunity to combine her
concern for the environment,
work in her field of entomology,
and practice her favorite pastime, spinning and weaving
Sally Fox in 1982 took on the challenge of improving an ancient agricultural art.
Fox successfully bred and marketed varieties of naturally coloured cotton she calls FoxFiber ®.
Today, Sally Fox designs fabrics with her cotton and continues research.
Fox has received a patent and three Plant Variety Protection Certificates for her naturally colored cottons which, in addition to browns, she now grows in reds and greens.
Her invention has been so popular it has sprouted two successful companies -- Vreseis, Ltd. and Natural Cotton Colours, both operating in Arizona.
Natural qualities found in Fox Fibre:Furnish lasting color; repeated washings intensify colors bringing out the warm and rich color tones
Enable our cottons to be spun from 100% solid color
to any percentage of color blends. Blends of Fox Fibre colors (with each other or with white) can
create all of the color shades within the beige, khaki, brown, red brown, dark brown, and green color
spectrums
Provide a fire retardant tendency
Eliminate the need for bleaches, dyes, & other costly processes during textile and product manufacturing
Sally Fox is associted with Athena Mills Arizona
Athena Mills is recognized as a leader for two environmentally descriptive trademarks - Colorganic® and Colour-By-Nature®.
Both marks ensure the final product's color is from naturally colored cotton.
Colorganic additionally ensures certified organic growing practices for all of the cotton fibers in the final product.
Fox Fibre offers consumers an ecological alternative in cotton: today's purchase for tomorrow's environment
ECO LABELS
Eco-labels are product labels that
inform consumers about the environmental impact of a
product. They encourage producers to switch to environmentally sound production
process methods (PPMs) for advantage in the marketplace. Eco-labels allow producers to
differentiate their products from products that are less
environmentally friendly and
thus to reach environmentally conscious consumers.
ECO LABEL CRITERIA
ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLINESS OF THE ENTIRE LIFE CYCLE OF THE PRODUCT
CRADLE TO GRAVE ASSESSMENT
1. Production of raw materials
2. Production of the end product
3. Packaging and transport of raw
materials and the finished product
4. Use of the product by companies and
consumers
5. Disposal of the product
e.g. assessment of a T-shirt starts in the
cotton field and ends in the incineration
plant.
ECO LABEL CRITERIA
•As little use as possible of chemical substances harmful to the environment
•No or very few heavy metals in the product
•Energy conservation during production and use
•The lowest possible amounts of harmful
substances in wastewater
•Requirements which ensure that the product works well and will last long
Opportunities for recycling/reuse
•The product should be as unproblematic as
possible in terms of waste
POTENTIALLY HARMFUL SUBSTANCES
pH
Formaldehyde
Heavy metals (As, Pb, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Ni,
Hg)
Pesticides Chlorinated phenols
Dyestuffs (specific classifications)
Chlorinated organic carriers
Boicidal finishes
Flame retardent finishes
Colour fastness
Emission of volatiles
Odours
Republic of China–TaiwanGreen Mark
Thailand (Thai Green Label
Korea Environmental
Labelling
Japan Eco Mark
India Eco MarkAustralia/New Zealand Environmental ChoiceEuropean Union Eco-label “Flower”
scheme
Nordic Countries (Nordic Swan )
Austrian Eco-label
Croatia (Environmental Label)
Netherland Ecolabel Foundation