EBRD Managed Funds - Nucleus Shutdown Reac… · EBRD Managed Funds in support of nuclear safety,...

EBRD Managed Funds in support of nuclear safety, decommissioning of

nuclear power plants and environmental remediation of radwaste and legacy sites

Günter Grabia

Nuclear Safety Department, EBRD

IAEA – Technical Meeting on Management of Spent Nuclear Fuel

at Shutdown Reactors, including those to be shutdown

prematurely

Vienna, 11-13 June 2018

European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)

• Established in 1991

• Owned by 65 countries, the European Union

and the European Investment Bank

• Invested over €105 billion in 4500 private

and public sector projects

• Investments foster growth and innovation

and promote countries transition to market

economy in countries of Eastern Europe,

former Soviet Union and Southern and

Eastern Mediterranean Region

London HQ

www.ebrd.com

IAEA CIDER Project Phase II - Technical Meeting, Vienna, 10-14 July 2017

http://www.ebrd.com/

EBRD as Manager of Multilateral Nuclear Safety,

Decommissioning and Remediation Funds (1)

• Assists countries in our region for which nuclear legacies constitute a

large burden and obstacle to transition

• Only IFI with a mandate and a 25 years track record to successfully

develop and implement multilateral nuclear safety assistance

programmes in the region

• Manages currently seven multilateral donor Funds providing support to

countries in Eastern European and Central Asia to increase nuclear

safety and assist with safe decommissioning of nuclear facilities and

environmental remediation of legacy sites

• So far 45 donors, including the G-7 countries and the European

Commission, have committed about €5 billion to these Funds

• Provided from its own funds €715 million for support of the Chernobyl

projects


EBRD as Manager of Multilateral Nuclear Safety,

Decommissioning and Remediation Funds (2)

EBRD, as Donor Fund Manager, operates under clear Fund Governance

Documents with the Donor Assemblies

Framework Agreements between the Bank and the Recipient countries

have the status of International Treaties which exempt grant funds from

payment of taxes and custom duties and provide required nuclear

indemnity to contractors

EBRD’s Procurement Policies and Rules ensure fair and transparent

worldwide competition

EBRD’s Environmental and Social Policy ensures environmentally sound

and sustainable development

EBRD’s Public Information Policy embodies the Bank’s commitment to

enhance the transparency of its activities and promote good governance


Nuclear Safety, Decommissioning and Environmental Remediation Grants

• Construction of the New Safe Confinement at the Chernobyl site

• Key projects for the decommissioning of the oldest Soviet-designed

nuclear reactors and for development of the energy sectors in

Bulgaria, Lithuania and Slovakia

• Key infrastructure projects for nuclear waste and spent nuclear fuel

management stemming from operation of the Soviet Northern fleet in

the North-West Region of Russia

• Key projects to deal with the legacy of Soviet-era uranium mining and

processing at high-priority sites in Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan and

Uzbekistan

Grant Funds are used efficiently and effectively for:

All projects are an integral part of national overall programmes or masterplans

and comply with the guidance of the International Atomic Energy Agency and

the European Commission


Key challenges at the start of the Funds

Financial provisions No or insufficient funds set aside – tariffs did not include provisions for

decommissioning and waste management

Technical provisions Insufficient infrastructure for management of spent fuel, radwaste and

other legacies (on site and nationally)

Strategic/Legal Lack of national radwaste strategies, master plans and licensing

requirements

Organizational Transition from operational organization to decommissioning or

environmental remediation service Separation of operating units from shut down units (physically and

administratively)


Fund Management: Overall Scheme


Fund Management: Project Management Units

Project Management Units (PMU) = integrated teams of local staff and

international consultants

Consultants provide state-of-the-art expertise to Decommissioning and

Environmental Remediation Organisations for:

Programme and project management

Planning

Engineering

Procurement and contract management

Licensing

Reporting


Fund Management: Planning

• Establishes Strategies, Master Plans, Least-cost Development

Plans and Project Plans

• Reviewed by independent technical advisory group

• Framework for funding decisions

• Basis for procurement and licensing

• Sound planning avoids extra cost and increases public

acceptance of decommissioning and environmental remediation


Fund Management: Cost Considerations

• Funding is project specific

• Project selection in line with approved strategies and master

plans

• Procurement in compliance with EBRD’s Procurement

Policies and Rules (open international tender)

• Disbursements made to Contractors after review and

verification by Client and EBRD


Nuclear Safety Account (NSA)

€365 million grants from 18 donors and

€215 million grants from EBRD’s own

resources committed to:

• Emergency safety upgrades of soviet designed

reactors in Bulgaria, Lithuania, Russia and

Ukraine

• Interim spent nuclear fuel storage and liquid

waste treatment facilities at Chernobyl NPP

• Safety assessments and licensing support

• Energy sector development planning to facilitate

early closure of high risk reactors

Established at EBRD in 1993 to provide nuclear safety assistance to Bulgaria,

Lithuania, Russia and Ukraine

http://www.ebrd.com/what-we-do/sectors/nuclear-safety/chernobyl-nuclear-safety-account.html
















Chernobyl Shelter Fund (CSF)

Established at the EBRD in 1997 to assist Ukraine in transforming Chernobyl into an

environmentally safe state

Largest moveable land-based structure ever built, with

a span of 257 metres, a length of 162 metres, a height

of 108 metres and a total weight of 36,000 tonnes

equipped

More than €1.5 billion grants from 45

donors and €500 million grants of

EBRD’s own resources committed to:

• Shelter Implementation Plan, including

construction of the New Safe Confinement

http://www.ebrd.com/what-we-do/sectors/nuclear-safety/chernobyl-shelter-fund.html














Three International Decommissioning Support Funds (IDSF)

http://www.ebrd.com/what-we-do/sectors-and-topics/nuclear-safety/kozloduy.html

http://www.ebrd.com/what-we-do/sectors/nuclear-safety/ignalina.html

http://www.ebrd.com/what-we-do/sectors/nuclear-safety/bohunice.html

Established at the EBRD in 2001 to support early closure and decommissioning of

soviet designed reactors and energy sector development in Bulgaria, Lithuania and

Slovakia (as part of the accession process to the EU)

More than €650 million grants committed by

9 donors to Slovakia, €830 million grant by

15 donors to Lithuania and €970 million

grants by 11 donors to Bulgaria to:

• Decommissioning of the Bohunice V1 NPP,

Ignalina NPP and Kozloduy Units 1-4 NPP in a

safe, secure and cost-effective manner

• Energy sector projects to minimise the impact

of closure of those NPPs, improving the

demand and supply energy efficiency and

reform of energy sectors

































Decommissioning

Strategy

Final

Decommissioning

Plan (FDP)

Pre-decommissioning Facilities for Units 1&2

Decommissioning works at Units 1&2

Licenses of Decommissioning

Phases for Units 1&2

Decommissioning Project (DP)

documentation, incl. DSAR, DEIAR

Closure

Unit 1

Closure

Unit 2

Operation Final Shutdown/Post-closure Decommissioning Phases

Continued preparation DP

and licensing documentation

Operating License Unit 1&2 with Special Conditions and

Permits after Closure Unit 1&2

Licensing of Pre-decommissioning

Facilities for Units 1&2

Overall Decommissioning Process (1) Example Ignalina NPP


Overall Decommissioning Process (2) Example Ignalina NPP

INPP operation 1983-2009 Solid operational waste

untreated stored at INPP

B2 Solid Waste Retrieval and

Sorting Facilities B3/4 Solid Waste Treatment and Storage Facilities

B1 Interim Spent Fuel

Storage Facility

Landfill Facility

Repository of LLW Waste

and Spent Fuel

B10 Free Release

Facility

Projects A0, A1, B9/0, B9/1, B9/2, B9/5, B11, B13

http://www.ebrd.com/news/video/decommissioning-ignalina-an-international-achievement.html











B1 Interim storage for RMBK spent fuel assemblies

from INPP Units 1 and 2

Grant Agreement No. 002D, Recipient INPP

Progress ahead of schedule

- Industrial operation continues with no interruptions

- As at 30 May 2018, 5975 spent fuel assemblies

safely stored in 55 new casks in the new storage

facility

- Results of classification of damaged (leaking) spent

fuel in two categories (K - gas leaks / M - fissile material

leaks) require an increase in quantities of supply of

overpack cartridges, special baskets and 1 more

cask in addition to the 190 casks under the contract

Scope: Interim storage of 17000 leak-tight, leaking and damaged spent fuel assemblies from INPP Units 1 and 2

- Results of classification of damaged

(leaking) spent fuel in two categories (K -

gas leaks / M - fissile material leaks) require an

increase in quantities of supply of

overpack cartridges, special baskets

and 1 more cask in addition to the 190

casks under the contract

- Optimisation of defueling process and

time schedule in progress to make best

use of storage space in the casks and to

decrease the time needed for complete

defeuling




- Complete defueling of Unit 2 reactor

achieved on 25 February 2018 - 15 months

earlier than planned

- Damaged Fuel Handling System advanced

for testing and training in Summer 2018,

supply to INPP before the end of 2018,

installation in 2019

- Optimisation expected to lead to complete

defueling significantly earlier than November

2021 and to provide an opportunity to

shorten INPP’s overall decommissioning

programme




Northern Dimension Environmental Partnership (NDEP) – Nuclear Window

Established in July 2002 to support Russia

addressing the legacy of the operation of nuclear-

powered ships and submarines of the Northern fleet

€165 million grants from 13 donors committed to:

• Construction of facilities and the provision of equipment for

the safe and secure handling and transport of spent nuclear

fuel

• Decommissioning of a derelict and heavily contaminated

former spent fuel storage facility at Andreeva Bay

• Removal of spent nuclear fuel from the reactors of the Papa

class submarine

• Decommissioning of the service ship Lepse which contains a

large amount of spent fuel and radioactive waste

• Installation of environmental and radiation monitoring

systems in the Murmansk and Arkhangelsk regions

http://www.ebrd.com/what-we-do/sectors/nuclear-safety/nuclear-window.html












Environmental Remediation Account (ERA)

Uranium Legacy Sites currently included in the Strategic Master Plan

Objectives

• Remediation of sites in accordance with

international standards and good practices

• Reduction of risks to people and the

environment to tolerable and sustainable

levels

• Improvement of health and socioeconomic

conditions and amenity in affected areas

• Greater stability and security in the region

• Establishment of knowledge and

experience within Central Asia for

undertaking remediation and regulating its

safety

Donors conference planned in 2018 to

invite pledges for remediation of priority

uranium legacy sites identified in the

Strategic Master Plan

Established in 2015 to address safety risks from degrading uranium mining and

processing sites in Central Asia

http://www.ebrd.com/what-we-do/sectors-and-topics/nuclear-safety/era.html














Continued multilateral assistance is crucial

Always complements the national efforts and any bilateral assistance

Brings together a large donor community to pool large amounts of grant

funds to support challenging programmes of countries which are in need

of assistance

Provides high visibility and political momentum

Places a systematic approach to complex programmes and ensures high

efficiency and coordination which avoids duplication of efforts

Facilitates in a cost-effective way to exchange best practices and

technical knowledge with the wider nuclear decommissioning and

environmental remediation community

Ignalina - FINAL.mov






Günter Grabia

Associate Director , Head of Ignalina International Support Decommissioning Fund

Nuclear Safety Department

European Bank for Reconstruction and Development

One Exchange Square

London EC2A 2JN

United Kingdom

Tel: +44 20 7338 7234

Fax: +44 20 7338 7175

[email protected]

[email protected]


mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

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