Ebm around step 1
Transcript of Ebm around step 1
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EBM
Wondering around Step 1
日本バプテスト病院 内科 高垣 伸匡
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• 1997 年京都府立医科大学卒業
• 日本バプテスト病院 内科医 ( 消化器内科)
• EBM ベースの勉強会 継続ちう
• ときおり CASP ワークショップ 開催
• 2001 年~ EBM に興味
• 2004 年 center for EBM ‘ teaching EBM Workshop’
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研修医時代 キャリア 0-3 年目• ワタクシハ 的ハズレナ 人間デアル……… ..
• 同僚と実力差 ー負の有意差( P<0.0001 )
• 診察 -遅い
• プレゼンテーション -下手
• カルテ -冗長
• 何が大事か、何をどう尋ねたら良いのか・・・・
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EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE
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WHAT IS EBM ?
• Evidence-based medicine (EBM) requires the integration of the best research evidence with our clinical expertise and our patient`s unique values and circumstances
• EBM は • best research evidence と• 我々の臨床経験と• 患者1人1人の価値と• おかれた環境を• 統合することを必要とするものである
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WHAT IS EBM? 患者の価値
Research evidence Clinical
Expertise
環境
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EBMの5つのステップ
Step 1 臨床的疑問の定式化
Step 2 エビデンスの検索
Step 3 エビデンスの批判的吟味
Step 4 エビデンスの臨床的適用
Step 5 評価
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FIVE STEPS OF EBM
Step 1 converting the need for information into an answerable question
Step 2 tracking down the best evidence with which to answer that question
Step 3 critically appraising that evidence for its validity, impact, and applicability
Step 4 integrating the critical appraisal with our clinical expertise and with our patient`s unique biology, values, and circumstances
Step 5 evaluating our effectiveness and efficiency in executing steps 1-4 and seeking ways to improve them both for next time
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まず Step1
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STEP 1
• converting the need for information into an answerable question
• 情報の必要性を、解決可能な質問に変換する
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STEP 1
• 臨床現場におきる出来事を、情報に変換する最初の作業
• Background Questions と Foreground Questions に疑問を分類する
• Background Questions は調べて知識を得る
• Foreground Questions は PECO を立てる
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STEP 1 BACKGROUND QUESTIONS• Ask for general knowledge about a condition
or thing
• Have two essential components
• 1) Question root (Who, What, Where, When, How, Why) and a verb
• 2) A disorder, test, treatment, or other aspect of health care
• Example)
• How does heart failure cause ascites?
• What causes SARS?
資料 p5
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STEP 1 FOREGROUND QUESTIONS
• Ask for specific knowledge to inform clinical decisions or actions
• Have four essential components
• 1) Patient and/or Problem
• 2) Intervention or exposure
• 3) Comparison
• 4) Clinical outcomes, including time
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資料 p6
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STEP 1 PECO
• Patient
• Exposure
• Comparison
• Outcome
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臨床的な疑問 -デドコロ• 臨床所見や病歴などの Clinical findings• 病因、危険因子 etiology• 病気の徴候• 鑑別診断• 検査• 予後• 治療• 予防• 患者が経験したことと、その意味合い• 自分自身がつねに医学の進歩についていくこと
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STEP 1 QUESTIONS
• シナリオ 参照
• 疑問はどちらに分けられますか?
@ Background Questions
@ Foreground Questions
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SELECTING 選ぼう!
• どの疑問がイチバン• 患者さんにとって重要?• What is the meaning?• Life ? Spiritual ? Social ?
• 学び手のニーズに応えますか?• 簡単に答えがでる?• 学習者、患者、あなたにとって面白い?• 現場でありそう?
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SCHEDULING いつ解決?
• 急ぐ疑問はどれ?
• 今度までに調べてくればいいのはどれ?
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SAVING 保存
• いろいろな方法・・
• 何を使いますか?
• メモ、ノート、パソコン、携帯、 PDF 、録音・・
• Have fun !!
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疑問の形成・保存 ー利点
• 患者と私達=学習者に直結した疑問に焦点• うまく作られた疑問 ー検索が可能• 臨床の疑問 ー検索・解決可能な問題に変換• コミュニケーション能力↑↑↑• 指導能力↑↑↑• 私達が疑問を作り、解答を得ることは・・• 臨床家としてレベルアップ• 仕事の効率アップ• 少し幸せアップ
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STEP2 検索
Tracking down the best evidence with which to answer that question
• 疑問を解決できる、最良のエビデンスを探し出すこと
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STEP3 批判的吟味
Critically appraising that evidence for its validity, impact, and applicability
•みんなで論文を読みましょう
•「情報」→「自分のツールにする」
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STEP4 臨床的適用
Integrating the critical appraisal with our clinical expertise and with our patient`s unique biology, values, and circumstances
•論文の結果は、適用できますか?
•妄想力を!
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STEP5 評価
Evaluating our effectiveness and efficiency in executing steps 1-4 and seeking ways to improve them both for next time
•未来への 反省
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FIN