East Africa

Cradle of Civilization now beset by conflict

BurundiBurundiDjiboutiDjiboutiEritreaEritreaEthiopiaEthiopiaKenyaKenyaMauritiusMauritiusTanzaniaTanzaniaRwandaRwandaSomaliaSomaliaUgandaUganda

SudanRepublic of Sudan is the Republic of Sudan is the largest country by area largest country by area in Africa. The capital is in Africa. The capital is Khartoum. It is bordered Khartoum. It is bordered by Egypt to the north, the by Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the northeast, Red Sea to the northeast, Eritrea and Ethiopia to Eritrea and Ethiopia to the east, Kenya and the east, Kenya and Uganda to the southeast, Uganda to the southeast, Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Central Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west, and Libya to the northwest.west, and Libya to the northwest.

Khartoum, Khartoum, SudanSudanThe capital of The capital of Sudan, Khartoum is Sudan, Khartoum is located at the point located at the point where the White where the White Nile, flowing north Nile, flowing north from Uganda, meets from Uganda, meets the Blue Nile, the Blue Nile, flowing west from flowing west from Ethiopia.Ethiopia.

The Mosque The Mosque of Khartoumof Khartoum

EritreaEritrea

A 1913 sketch by the Deutsche A 1913 sketch by the Deutsche Aksum-Expedition of Hawulti, a Aksum-Expedition of Hawulti, a pre-Aksumite or early Aksumite pre-Aksumite or early Aksumite stela at Matara.stela at Matara.

Eritrea was consolidated into a Eritrea was consolidated into a colony by the Italian government colony by the Italian government in 1890.in 1890.

Asmara, EritreaAsmara, Eritrea

The economy of Djibouti is based on service activities connected with the The economy of Djibouti is based on service activities connected with the country's strategic location and status as a free trade zone in northeast country's strategic location and status as a free trade zone in northeast Africa.Africa.

DjiboutiDjiboutiThis country has This country has an historically an historically strategic location strategic location in northeast Africa. in northeast Africa. Two-thirds of the Two-thirds of the inhabitants live in inhabitants live in the capital city, the capital city, Djibouti, the Djibouti, the remainder being remainder being mostly nomadic mostly nomadic herders.herders.

Djibouti provides services as both a transit port for the region and Djibouti provides services as both a transit port for the region and an international transshipment and refueling center.an international transshipment and refueling center.

Aksumite KingdomAksumite Kingdom

EmergingEmergingaround the around the time of the time of the birth of Jesus, for birth of Jesus, for unknown reasons, it unknown reasons, it declined after the declined after the 7th century7th century

Ethiopia's Ethiopia's population is population is highly diverse. highly diverse. Most of its Most of its people speak people speak a Semitic or a Semitic or Cushitic Cushitic language. language.

Ethiopia is the Ethiopia is the only country in only country in Africa with an Africa with an unbroken unbroken sovereignty sovereignty and is one of and is one of the oldest the oldest continuous continuous nations in the nations in the world.world.

Addis Addis AbabaAbaba - - Ethiopian capitalEthiopian capital

Berlin Conference

The diplomats The diplomats the 1884-85 the 1884-85 Berlin Berlin ConferenceConference laid laid down the rules of down the rules of competition by competition by which the great which the great powers were to powers were to be guided in be guided in seeking seeking colonies. colonies.

TanzaniaTanzania

In 1973, plans were made In 1973, plans were made to move the capital of to move the capital of Tanzania to Dodoma. Tanzania to Dodoma. Tanzania's National Tanzania's National Assembly moved there in Assembly moved there in February 1996, but many February 1996, but many government offices remain government offices remain in the original national in the original national capital, Dar es Salaam.capital, Dar es Salaam.

(below) The port of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania’s largest city.

DodomaDodoma

Makua Makua maskmask

In 1894, the British In 1894, the British Government declared Government declared Uganda its protectorate. Uganda its protectorate. Surrounding kingdoms Surrounding kingdoms are incorporated, with are incorporated, with the borders becoming fixed in 1914. Independence is the borders becoming fixed in 1914. Independence is achieved peacefully in 1962 but rising tensions achieved peacefully in 1962 but rising tensions between the country's different ethnic groups see Prime between the country's different ethnic groups see Prime Minister Milton Obote impose a new republican Minister Milton Obote impose a new republican constitution establishing himself as president and constitution establishing himself as president and abolishing all the country's kingdoms. abolishing all the country's kingdoms.

Uganda

Kampala, UgandaKampala, Uganda

Capital and largest city of Uganda, Kampala occupies Capital and largest city of Uganda, Kampala occupies a series of hills at an elevation of about 3,900 feet and a series of hills at an elevation of about 3,900 feet and isis situated just north of Lake Victoria.situated just north of Lake Victoria.

Full name:Full name: Idi Amin Idi Amin Dada Oumee. Dada Oumee. AKA 'Big Daddy', AKA AKA 'Big Daddy', AKA 'Butcher of Africa', 'Butcher of Africa', AKA 'Conqueror of the AKA 'Conqueror of the British Empire', AKA British Empire', AKA 'Lord of All the Beasts of 'Lord of All the Beasts of the Earth and Fishes of the Earth and Fishes of the Sea'. the Sea'. Kill tally:Kill tally: 100,000-100,000-500,000500,000 (most sources (most sources say 300,000).say 300,000).

IdiIdi AmiAminn

Forest Whitaker won a Forest Whitaker won a Best Actor Academy Best Actor Academy Award for his portrayal of Award for his portrayal of Idi Amin in the Idi Amin in the fictionalized account of fictionalized account of this man’s horrific reign.this man’s horrific reign.

The traditional dress of a The traditional dress of a Karimojong woman was Karimojong woman was constituted of aprons and constituted of aprons and skirts made from carefully skirts made from carefully matched goatskins. But matched goatskins. But once Idi Amin became once Idi Amin became president in 1970 he president in 1970 he forced the people of forced the people of Uganda to wear western Uganda to wear western style clothes.style clothes.

UgandaUganda

Staple foods eaten in Uganda are bananas, corn, millet Staple foods eaten in Uganda are bananas, corn, millet and sorghum. Vegetables that they grow are beans, and sorghum. Vegetables that they grow are beans, sweet potatoes and cassava. Cassava, a root vegetable, sweet potatoes and cassava. Cassava, a root vegetable, can be made into dumplings . Soups and stews are can be made into dumplings . Soups and stews are supplemented with goat's meat, beef and fish.supplemented with goat's meat, beef and fish.

Uganda is one of the few African countries where rates Uganda is one of the few African countries where rates of HIV infection have declined, and it is seen as a rare of HIV infection have declined, and it is seen as a rare example of success in a continent facing a severe example of success in a continent facing a severe AIDS crisis. Uganda's policies are credited with AIDS crisis. Uganda's policies are credited with helping to bring adult HIV prevalence (the proportion of helping to bring adult HIV prevalence (the proportion of adults living with HIV) down from around 15% in the adults living with HIV) down from around 15% in the early 1990s to 5% in 2001. At the end of 2003, the early 1990s to 5% in 2001. At the end of 2003, the government and the UN say that only 4.1% of adults government and the UN say that only 4.1% of adults had the virus. had the virus.

Kigali, RwandaKigali, Rwanda

RwandaRwanda"Unity, Work, Patriotism""Unity, Work, Patriotism"

The above movie is based The above movie is based on the true events that took on the true events that took place during the genocidal place during the genocidal violence that erupted in violence that erupted in Rwanda between the Hutu Rwanda between the Hutu and Tutsi ethnic groups in and Tutsi ethnic groups in 1994. 1994.

Genocide

Some have theorized that Some have theorized that the 1994 mass killings in the 1994 mass killings in Rwanda were partially the Rwanda were partially the result of its high population result of its high population density. At 8.6 children per density. At 8.6 children per woman, it had one of the woman, it had one of the highest highest fertility rates in the world, and 40% of its children under the age of 5 were age of 5 were malnourished.malnourished.

A Rwandan boy in a Catholic A Rwandan boy in a Catholic church which is now a memorial to church which is now a memorial to the genocide. In 1994, thousands the genocide. In 1994, thousands of Tutsis were massacred in the of Tutsis were massacred in the church’s groundschurch’s grounds..

Population Pyramid

How can you tell when the genocide occurred How can you tell when the genocide occurred simply by looking at this Population Pyramid?simply by looking at this Population Pyramid?

A Somali rancher herds cattle A Somali rancher herds cattle in Kismayo. Livestock in Kismayo. Livestock accounts for about 40% of accounts for about 40% of Somalia's GDPSomalia's GDP

Somalia has no recognized Somalia has no recognized central government authority central government authority nor any other feature nor any other feature associated with an associated with an established nation state. established nation state. De De factofacto authority resides in the authority resides in the hands of the governments hands of the governments for the unrecognized entities for the unrecognized entities of Somaliland, Puntland, and of Somaliland, Puntland, and other rival warlords.other rival warlords.

Mogadishu, Mogadishu, SomaliaSomalia

Showing the scars Showing the scars of ten years of of ten years of constant battling constant battling for control of the for control of the city, a state of city, a state of near-anarchy yet near-anarchy yet exists. exists.

Geographically isolated, facing population Geographically isolated, facing population pressures and having sparse resources, Burundi is pressures and having sparse resources, Burundi is one of the poorest and most conflict-ridden one of the poorest and most conflict-ridden countries in Africa and in the world. Its small size countries in Africa and in the world. Its small size belies the magnitude of the problems it faces in belies the magnitude of the problems it faces in reconciling the claims of the Tutsi minority with the reconciling the claims of the Tutsi minority with the Hutu majority. Hutu majority.

BurundiBurundi

BujumburaBujumbura

The nation's capital The nation's capital and largest urban and largest urban centre this city's centre this city's industry specializes in textiles, leather, paper, industry specializes in textiles, leather, paper, chemicals, and agricultural products. Bujumbura also chemicals, and agricultural products. Bujumbura also serves as the country's main port on Lake Tanganyika; serves as the country's main port on Lake Tanganyika; most of Burundi's foreign trade is shipped between the most of Burundi's foreign trade is shipped between the capital and Kigoma, Tanzania, and, to Kalemi, Congo.capital and Kigoma, Tanzania, and, to Kalemi, Congo.

MauritiusMauritius

Mauritian society is highly multicultural. The Mauritian society is highly multicultural. The official language of Mauritius is English. French official language of Mauritius is English. French dominates the media and business, radio and dominates the media and business, radio and television, despite France having lost its colonial television, despite France having lost its colonial dominion over the island nearly 200 years ago. dominion over the island nearly 200 years ago.

Its main port on the Indian Ocean is the largest city Its main port on the Indian Ocean is the largest city in Mauritius with a population is 147,688.in Mauritius with a population is 147,688.

Port Louis, MauritiusPort Louis, Mauritius

AfricanAfrican issues issuesNearly 90 million Africans could be Nearly 90 million Africans could be infected by HIV in the next 20 years infected by HIV in the next 20 years if more is not done to combat the if more is not done to combat the epidemic, the UN has warned.epidemic, the UN has warned.

"Millions of new infections "Millions of new infections can be prevented if Africa can be prevented if Africa and the rest of the world and the rest of the world decide to tackle Aids as an decide to tackle Aids as an exceptional crisis that has exceptional crisis that has the potential to devastate the potential to devastate entire societies and entire societies and economies,"economies," said UNAids said UNAids chief Peter Piot.chief Peter Piot.

Links

• http://www.uwm.edu/People/masaleem/• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somalia• http://interconnection.org/eaen/members.html• http://images.encarta.msn.com/xrefmedia/

sharemed/targets/images/pho/t041/T041111A.jpg• http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9044499/

Kampala• http://www.interet-general.info/IMG/somalia-

mogadishu-1.jpg