Earths Changing Surfaces

By Denise Bannard & Jaqueline Geary

Fall 2009; 713.22MST Inquiry Unit

Table of Content Table of Content

Lesson 1: Travel Through Geological Time

Lesson 2: Breaking It DownLesson 3: The Grand CanyonLesson 4: Shaky Ground Lesson 5: Lava MountainLesson 6: The Water Cycle

Lesson 1: Travel Through Geological Time

Lesson 2: Breaking It DownLesson 3: The Grand CanyonLesson 4: Shaky Ground Lesson 5: Lava MountainLesson 6: The Water Cycle

MST STANDARDS MST STANDARDS Standard 1: Students will use mathematical analysis, scientific inquiry,

and engineering design, as appropriate, to pose questions, seek answers, and develop solutions

Standard 2: Students will access, generate, process, and transfer information using appropriate technologies.

Standard # 4 Students will understand and apply scientific concepts, principles and theories pertaining to the physical setting and living environment and recognize the historical development of ideas in science.

Standard 5: Students will apply technological knowledge and skills to design, construct, use, and evaluate products and systems to satisfy human and environmental needs.

Standard 1: Students will use mathematical analysis, scientific inquiry, and engineering design, as appropriate, to pose questions, seek answers, and develop solutions

Standard 2: Students will access, generate, process, and transfer information using appropriate technologies.

Standard # 4 Students will understand and apply scientific concepts, principles and theories pertaining to the physical setting and living environment and recognize the historical development of ideas in science.

Standard 5: Students will apply technological knowledge and skills to design, construct, use, and evaluate products and systems to satisfy human and environmental needs.

Geologic Time Scale Geologic Time Scale

Breaking It Down Scavenger Hunt

Directions: Use the websites provided to look up the answers to the questions.

Questions 1 & 2 go to Kidsgeo.com: http://www.kidsgeo.com/geology-for-kids/0059-introduction-to-erosion.php

1.What is Chemical Erosion? Chemical erosion brakes down the bonds that hold the rocks together. Chemical erosion is most common where there is water.

2.What is Mechanical Erosion? Mechanical erosion is when rocks are torn apart by physical force. An examples of this is when earths crust moves.

Questions 3 & 4 are about Landslides: http://science.howstuffworks.com/landslide3.htm

3.What causes landslides? Landslides occur when gravity overcomes the force of friction. A common landslide is when rain mixes with soil on a down sloping hill.

4.Explain what a submarine landslide is? Where does this occur? A submarine landslide is a landslide under water. Submarine landslides trigger tidal waves.

Questions 5 &6 are from National Geographic: http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/earth/the-dynamic-earth/weathering-erosion-article.html5. What plants benefit from erosion? Explain

how? Linchens and Mosses can squeeze into cracks of rocks. As the plants grow they also cause the rocks crack to grow larger.

6.What forms glaciers? Explain. Glaciers are formed by snow and ice built up. The glaciers way down the rock and cause it to sink.

Question 7 watch Pet Rock Theatre: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FCbgA9nY2bI7. According to the video what causes rocks to

smooth out? Sand, wind, and rain cause rocks to smooth after millions of years.

Questions 8, 9, & 10 learn about different types of rocks: http://www.learner.org/interactives/rockcycle/types.html8. What is a sedimentary rock? Explain using details. Sedimentary Rocks are formed from sand, shells, and pebble particles. They accumulate layers which causes them to harden into rocks. These rocks are usually soft enough to break easily.9.What is a metamorphic rock? Explain using details Metamorphic rocks are formed under the surface of the earth from intense heat and pressure. These rocks are usually shiny on the surface. 10.What is a igneous rock? Explain using details. Igneous rocks are formed by magma. Those rocks are not shiny and some have small holes from gas bubbles.

Questions 5 &6 are from National Geographic: http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/earth/the-dynamic-earth/weathering-erosion-article.html5. What plants benefit from erosion? Explain

how? Linchens and Mosses can squeeze into cracks of rocks. As the plants grow they also cause the rocks crack to grow larger.

6.What forms glaciers? Explain. Glaciers are formed by snow and ice built up. The glaciers way down the rock and cause it to sink.

Question 7 watch Pet Rock Theatre: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FCbgA9nY2bI7. According to the video what causes rocks to

smooth out? Sand, wind, and rain cause rocks to smooth after millions of years.

Questions 8, 9, & 10 learn about different types of rocks: http://www.learner.org/interactives/rockcycle/types.html8. What is a sedimentary rock? Explain using details. Sedimentary Rocks are formed from sand, shells, and pebble particles. They accumulate layers which causes them to harden into rocks. These rocks are usually soft enough to break easily.9.What is a metamorphic rock? Explain using details Metamorphic rocks are formed under the surface of the earth from intense heat and pressure. These rocks are usually shiny on the surface. 10.What is a igneous rock? Explain using details. Igneous rocks are formed by magma. Those rocks are not shiny and some have small holes from gas bubbles.

Weathering and Erosion YouTube Video

Weathering and Erosion YouTube Video

Created by Study Jam: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lyysL02ZvQ8

Created by Study Jam: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lyysL02ZvQ8

KWL CHART

What you know?

What would you like to know? What did you learn?

-The Grand Canyon is in Arizona -It is very big -It is very old

-How was it formed? -Are there different colors? -Did animals live there?

-The Grand Canyon was formed by erosion. -There are 10 layers of the Grand Canyon -Different layers are different colors. -Continental drift and the Colorado River played a part in forming the Grand Canyon. -There are fossils of different animals in different layers of the Grand Canyon.

THE GRAND CANYON

Filamentality Website:

http://www.kn.att.com/wired/fil/pages/listchangingde.html

Shaky Grounds Shaky Grounds

What are Tectonic Plates

What is a Richter Scale

Causes of Earthquakes

Tectonic plats are earth's crust and upper mantle composed of several large, thin, relatively rigid plates that move relative to one another. The plates are all moving in different directions and at different speeds.

Measures the amount of energy from a earthquake. The measurements on the scale are from 0-9. The higher the number on the scale the higher the energy of the

earthquake.

When the tectonic plates move huge rocks form at their edges and the rocks shift with great force, causing an earthquake.

Earthquake Line GraphEarthquake Line Graph

0

1

2

3

4

5

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8

9

1 2 3 4

Dates of the Earthquakes

Amount on the Richter Scale

Series2

Order Date Richter Scale1 4/18/06 8.252 2-May-83 6.43 10/17/89 6.94 1/17/94 6.7

Museum Website: http://www.mnh.si.edu/earth/main_frames.html

Museum Website: http://www.mnh.si.edu/earth/main_frames.html

Layers of the Earth:

1. Inner core 2. Outer core 3. Lower mantle 4. Upper mantle 5. Crust

Layers of the Earth:

1. Inner core 2. Outer core 3. Lower mantle 4. Upper mantle 5. Crust

Parts of a VolcanoParts of a Volcano

Volcano Bar Graph Volcano Bar Graph Height of Famous Volcanos

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

Mont PeleeMount KenyaMount Sasta

VesuviusPopocatepeti

Name of Volcanos

Height in Feet

Series1

The Water Cycle The Water Cycle

Including Diverse LearnersIncluding Diverse Learners

Active learnersGroup workVisual learningUse different manipulatives

Active learnersGroup workVisual learningUse different manipulatives