Earthquakes
description
Transcript of Earthquakes
![Page 1: Earthquakes](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/5562299cd8b42ab6588b523e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: Earthquakes](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/5562299cd8b42ab6588b523e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
1. ______-places in the Earth’s crust where rocks have broken apart
faults
![Page 3: Earthquakes](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/5562299cd8b42ab6588b523e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
A. ______ _____- areas where tension forces cause rock above the fault surface to move downward
normal faults
![Page 4: Earthquakes](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/5562299cd8b42ab6588b523e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
1)____________- a block of rock that forms the upper half of the fault2)____________- a block of rock that forms the lower half of the fault
hanging hanging wallwall
footwafootwallll
![Page 5: Earthquakes](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/5562299cd8b42ab6588b523e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
B. _______ _____- areas where compression forces cause rock above the fault to move
_________
reverse fault
upward
![Page 6: Earthquakes](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/5562299cd8b42ab6588b523e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
C. ________________- areas where shearing forces cause plates to move sideways past each other (horizontally)
strike-slip fault
![Page 7: Earthquakes](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/5562299cd8b42ab6588b523e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Reverse
![Page 8: Earthquakes](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/5562299cd8b42ab6588b523e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
2. _____________- energy waves produced by an earthquake; earthquakes are the vibrations felt when this movement happens.
seismic waves
![Page 9: Earthquakes](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/5562299cd8b42ab6588b523e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
A.______________- travel through Earth by causing particles in rocks to compress and stretch apart in the direction of the wave;
fastestfastest
B. _______________- travel through Earth causing particles in rocks to move at right angles to the direction of the waves
primary waves
secondary waves
![Page 10: Earthquakes](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/5562299cd8b42ab6588b523e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Earthquakes](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/5562299cd8b42ab6588b523e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
C. _____________- energy that travels out from the epicenter
surface waves
![Page 12: Earthquakes](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/5562299cd8b42ab6588b523e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
D. Seismic waves ____ and ______ speed as the density of rock changes
1)P-waves _____ when they contact the outer core.
2)S-waves are _______ completely by the outer core.
3)___________-area where no S-waves are received
bendchange
bend
stopped
shadow zone
![Page 13: Earthquakes](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/5562299cd8b42ab6588b523e/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
3. ______- point in the Earth’s interior where the energy is released during an earthquake
focus
![Page 14: Earthquakes](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/5562299cd8b42ab6588b523e/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
4. _________- point on the Earth’s surface directly above the focus
epicenter
![Page 15: Earthquakes](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/5562299cd8b42ab6588b523e/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
5. ___________- an instrument that measures earthquake activity
seismometer
![Page 16: Earthquakes](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/5562299cd8b42ab6588b523e/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Earthquakes](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/5562299cd8b42ab6588b523e/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: Earthquakes](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/5562299cd8b42ab6588b523e/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
6. __________- measure of the energy released by an earthquake activity
magnitude
![Page 19: Earthquakes](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/5562299cd8b42ab6588b523e/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Earthquakes](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/5562299cd8b42ab6588b523e/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
7. _____________- 7. _____________- describesdescribes how how much much energyenergy is released during is released during an earthquake; for each 1.0, the an earthquake; for each 1.0, the amplitude of the largest surface amplitude of the largest surface wave is 10 times greater; 32 wave is 10 times greater; 32 times as much energy is released times as much energy is released for each 1.0 increasefor each 1.0 increase
Richter Scale
![Page 21: Earthquakes](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/5562299cd8b42ab6588b523e/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
8.__________- assesses _______; rates from I to XII; based on intensity (amount of damage)
Mercalli damage
![Page 22: Earthquakes](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/5562299cd8b42ab6588b523e/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Damaging Earthquake in the US (1750 - 1996)
![Page 23: Earthquakes](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/5562299cd8b42ab6588b523e/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: Earthquakes](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/5562299cd8b42ab6588b523e/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
9. ____________- occurs when wet or soft soil becomes more like a liquid from shaking (like a milkshake)
liquefaction
![Page 25: Earthquakes](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/5562299cd8b42ab6588b523e/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
10. ________- huge ocean waves caused by seismic activity
tsunami
![Page 26: Earthquakes](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/5562299cd8b42ab6588b523e/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Earthquakes](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/5562299cd8b42ab6588b523e/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Tsunami-
Dec. 26, 2004http://dsc.discovery.com/convergence/tsunami/videogallery/
videogallery.html
Other siteshttp://dsc.discovery.com/convergence/tsunami/interactive/
interactive.html
![Page 28: Earthquakes](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062704/5562299cd8b42ab6588b523e/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)