Early Progressive Reformers

Section 5.2

Today’s Agenda

• 5.2 Slide Show

• Presentations– Walter Rauschenbusch– Florence Kelly– Mother Jones

• Homework– Quiz on Progressivism this Friday

• 50 Points

At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:

• Identify – Walter Raschenbush and the Social Gospel– Florence Kelley– Mother Jones– Ida Tarbell

• Define muckraker

Review Progressivism

• How is reform different from revolution?• What is progressivism?• What problems did America face?• What were the goals of progressives?• What was their philosophy?• Why did people move to the cities?• What problems came from urbanization?• Who was George Washington Plunkitt?• How did immigration change after 1890?• What problems did immigrants face?

Birth of Progressivism

How did Riis and Hine inform the public about the ills of the Industrial Revolution?

Who were the muckrakers?• Investigative reporters

who wanted to expose the ‘dirt’ of the Industrial Revolution

• Used careful research, vivid writing, moral outrage

• McClure's, Collier’s, Cosmopolitan

• Attacked big business, corrupt political machines, even Churches that ran filthy tenements

Who was Ida Tarbell?

• Muckraker who exposed the ruthless business practices of Standard Oil – Interviewed the director

(Henry Rogers) of S.O. for 2 years

– Dug up documents around US to prove her accusations

• 19 part series ran in McClure’s magazine

• Led to breakup of Standard Oil as a trust in 1911

Muckrakers

What was the social gospel movement?• Religious movement which

called on Christians to help the poor to overcome social problems– Be Christian by doing

not just by praying• Walter Rauschenbusch

– Hell’s Kitchen– Society, not man, is

depraved– Competition of laissez-

faire economics turns nice people into animals

Who was Florence Kelley?• Progressive activist

concerned with child labor• “Why are seals, bears,

reindeer, fish , wild game …all suitable for federal protection, but not children?”

• Secretary of National Consumers League

• Identified products made by child labor or by workers in unsanitary conditions

Who was Mother Jones?• Mary Harris• radical progressive miners and

children• Founder of the UMWA• Took textile mill job to check

conditions• Children’s Crusade – 1903

– 300 children march 125-mile journey from Philadelphia to NYC

• Detoured to Roosevelt’s Summer House

• Made public speeches- Raised Awareness

• Roosevelt refused to meet them• Public awareness, increased

media coverage• "I'm not a humanitarian, I'm a hell-

raiser.“

What controversial issues do you think need to be muckraked?

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