Early China, part 1

31
Early China, part 1

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Early China, part 1. Geography. Location: Early civilization arouse on Huang He and Yangtze Rivers (Yellow River Valley). Geography. Himalaya MTS Gobi Desert Irregular coastline. Location Affecting Life. Mountains/desert have isolated China from outsiders - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of Early China, part 1

Page 1: Early China, part 1

Early China, part 1

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Geography

Location:Early civilization

arouse on Huang He and Yangtze Rivers

(Yellow River Valley)

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Geography

Himalaya MTS Gobi Desert Irregular coastline

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Location Affecting Life

Mountains/desert have isolated China from outsiders

Called itself the Middle Kingdom

Very ethnocentric

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Environmental Problems:• isolated cannot rely

on trade, must provide own goods (Where is everybody???)

• Rivers flooding • Invasions from East

and West where mountains do not exist

• Little farming land 10% is useable

– Mountains are not good farmland

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The dynastic cycle:

• 1) Group claims mandate of Heaven• 2) Time of prosperity change• 3) As time goes on, corruption in

government takes over people believe they have lost mandate rebellion

• 4) New group takes over power and claims mandate

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Early Dynasties Xia Dynasty—1st dynasty

• - irrigation and flooding methods to control river and let settlements grow

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Qin dynasty –221- 206 BC

creation of wall for protection- Great Wall begins

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They will be followed by the Han (206BC -222 AD)

Terracotta ArmyDiscovered in 1974

8,000 soldiers, 100 chariots with 400 horses and 300

cavalry horses

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Chinese Culture:

Families: Respect your elders (parents) from Confucianism

Women were not equal men have power ( BAD WOMEN!!)

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Social classes:

Nobles and Peasants

Merchants are lowest

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Religion:

Traditionally Chinese were spiritual in form of ancestor worship (oracle bones)

Today: Buddhism and Confucianism

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Writing System:

good things- unified people

Bad- instead of the 26 letters we have, can you remember over 10,000 characters?

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Tang Dynasty 618-907

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Stress education

Civil Service exam Created movable type Mechanical Clock

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Song Dynasty 960- 1279

Improved farming methods of rice 10 cites of 1 million each Porcelain Compass Gun powder

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Other Technology:

Canals and Roads

Coined money Furnaces to

produce iron

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Trading: Along the Silk Road

Only link to west

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Early Chinese Civilizations will eventually fall to the Mongols

(Mughals) Mongols famous leader: Genghis Khan

and Kublai Khan

Mongolians were nomadic barbarians

- Weapon technology: Bow and Arrow

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Pax Mongolia

Time of peace in China under Mongol rule

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Marco Polo visits China

Polo’s visit and journal of his visit to China increases European desire to interact with China

Took 24 years

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