Eagle&Ford& · PDF fileReasons&for&Geosteering& & –...

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Eagle Ford Geosteering

Transcript of Eagle&Ford& · PDF fileReasons&for&Geosteering& & –...

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Eagle  Ford  Geosteering    

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What  we  will  learn  

•  Various  methods  of  Geosteering  and  how  they  may  be  applied.  

•  What  minimal  subsurface  2D,  3D  and  drill  cu@ng  analysis  required  prior  to  perform  geosteering    

•  Look  at  how  the  process  of  Geosteering  is  applied  •  Look  at  some  of  the  piDalls  of  Geosteering  and  what  can  be  

learned  from  these  issues.    

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Geo  steering  tells  us  where  we  want  to  go  

•  DefiniFon  &  Purpose  •    What  is  Geo  Steering?  

Geosteering  is  the  act  of  adjusFng  the  borehole  posiFon  (inclinaFon  and  azimuth  angles)  during  the  drilling  process  to  reach  one  or  more  geological  objecFves.  These  changes  are  based  on  geological  informaFon  gathered  while  drilling.  

 

   

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Reasons  for  Geosteering    

– Land  the  well  in  a  specific  part  of  the  reservoir  that  we  believe  has  some  specific  properFes  that  will  make  the  well  more  economic    

– To  guide  the  well  through  some  geological  barrier  such  as  a  fault  or  salt  

– To  guide  the  well  through  the  reservoir  in  such  a  manner  as  to  maximize  or  minimize  hydrocarbon  producFon  

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Methods  used  to  Geo  Steer    

•  Good  Enough    •  Real  Time  

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Good  Enough  

Mud  logging  •  Lithology  •  Mineralogy  •  Hydrocarbons    •  Micro-­‐paleontologists/  biostraFgraphy  

ü Old  School  Geo  Steering    ü Takes  experience  and  training  ü At  High  ROP’s  may  not  be  possible  to  get  good  data  ü Depends  a  lot  on  competence  and  judgment  of  mud  logger  ü “It  may  not  be  efficient  but  it  is  effecFve”  

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Real  Time  Geosteering  

•  MWD/LWD  

–  Gama    DOI  1  to  6”  

–  ResisFvity    

–  Neutron  

ü  Dependent  on  the  formaFon  and  depth  of  invesFgaFon,  DOI.  

ü  More  permeable  and  porous  the  formaFon  the  greater  DOI  

ü  More  DOI  allows  for  be`er  Geosteering  results.    

ü  Need  good  offset  data  and  Seismic  input    

ü  Real  Fme  Geosteering  is  possible  if  the  right  people  interpret  the  data  

ü  Remote  real  Fme  informaFon    

ü  “real  Fme  informaFon  that  can  double  the  speed  of  mistakes”    

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Proper  Steps  to  Geo  Steering  

•  Pre  planning  •  Understand  drilling  constraints  

–  What  type  of  BHA  is  being  used  –  What  type  of  bit  –  What  is  the  expected  ROP  

•  Real  Fme  Geo  Steering  implementaFon  –  Have  a  designated  driver  –  Who  makes  the  call    –  Communicate  everything  

•  Post  well  evaluaFon  –  Adjust  seismic  –  Re  correlate  Logs  –  Re  draw  maps.  

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Pre  Planning    

•  Start  with  offset  data  –  Very  important  

–  Need  as  much  offset  data  as  possible  

•  E  logs  

•  Mud  Logs  

•  Seismic  lines    

•  Cross  SecFons  

•  DeposiFonal  models  

–  Understand  where  you  need  to  go    

           and  then  plan  it  

–  See  the  well  being  drilled  on  paper  

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ExecuFon  

•  Have  a  designated  driver  

–  Who  makes  the  call?    

•  Timely  CommunicaFon    

–  ROP  

•  Understand  your  Drilling  Constraints  

–  BHA  design  

–  Rig/  Pipe  connecFon  type    

–  DirecFonal  tool  types    

•  ABH  motor  and  RS  

–  Casing  Designs    

•  You  can’t  turn  on  a  dime.  0ne  degree  of  inclinaFon  gives  you  1.7  i  verFcal  movement  per  100’    

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Aier  Well  Review  –  pat  on  the  back  or  kick  in  the  rear?  ü What  did  we  do  well  and  what  did  we  do  poorly?  

ü  Did  the  well  design  match  the  geology?  

ü  Redraw  maps  and  mark  unseen  faults  

ü  Check  the  hydrocarbon  amounts  encountered  and  compare  to  offsets  

ü  Don’t  delay,  get  ready  to  do  it  right  the  next  Fme!  

ü When  things  go  right  we  end  up  drilling  a  well  that  is  ideally  placed  in  the  reservoir  that  produces  the  opFmum  amount  of  hydrocarbons  

 

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Well  1  

•  Eagle  Ford  Well  in  South  Texas  •  No  3D  seismic  •  End  of  a  2D  line  migrated  some  Fme  ago  •  Decided  to  drill  a  pilot  hole  •  ConvenFonal  AHM  and  Gama  ray    •  We  use  a  program  that  correlates  Gama  ray  so  Depth  of  invesFgaFon  is  small.    

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Case  well  no  1    Well  drilled  

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Example  2  

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Example  3  

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The  end  

•  QuesFons  

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