E MERGENCY P REPAREDNESS AND D ISASTER MITIGATION.
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Transcript of E MERGENCY P REPAREDNESS AND D ISASTER MITIGATION.
Vulnerability to disasters is not Vulnerability to disasters is not compatible with physical, mental compatible with physical, mental or social wellbeing.or social wellbeing.
Scope of the ProgramScope of the Program
NATURALNATURALDISASTERSDISASTERS
““COMPLEX”COMPLEX”DISASTERSDISASTERS
TECHNOLOGICALTECHNOLOGICALDISASTERSDISASTERS
PreparednessPreparedness
Pre-disaster activities aimed at Pre-disaster activities aimed at strengthening the capacity for strengthening the capacity for ResponseResponse (rescue, medical care…)(rescue, medical care…)
PreventionPrevention Measures designed to provide complete Measures designed to provide complete
protection from natural disasters by protection from natural disasters by controlling effects of natural phenomena.controlling effects of natural phenomena.
Prevention in an imperfect world!Prevention in an imperfect world!Reduction of the impact!Reduction of the impact!
MitigationMitigation
In the last 15 years, the focus In the last 15 years, the focus given to risk and disaster given to risk and disaster management has changed management has changed dramatically.dramatically.
Latin America and the Caribbean move from Latin America and the Caribbean move from Ad Hoc Disaster Response to PreventionAd Hoc Disaster Response to Prevention
Disasters andDisasters andDevelopmentDevelopment
Mitigation andMitigation andPreparednessPreparedness
PreparednessPreparednessand Responseand Response
ResponseResponse19761976
EarthquakeEarthquakein Guatemalain Guatemala
19851985EarthquakeEarthquakein Mexicoin Mexico
19991999MitchMitch
1. Strengthening Institutions1. Strengthening Institutions2. Training2. Training3. Special priorities3. Special priorities
• hospital and water systems hospital and water systems mitigationmitigation
• Disaster Information CenterDisaster Information Center
The prime objective within the The prime objective within the Health SectorHealth Sector
• Strengthening of the national Health Strengthening of the national Health Emergency Preparedness program in the Emergency Preparedness program in the ministry of health (with professional staff, ministry of health (with professional staff, a budget and access to decision-making)a budget and access to decision-making)
Strengthening Institutions
The Role of a Disaster Program in The Role of a Disaster Program in the Ministry of Health the Ministry of Health
• Contingency planning and trainingContingency planning and training• coordination of the sector responsecoordination of the sector response• Advocacy of health in other sectorsAdvocacy of health in other sectors• inclusion of disaster reduction measures inclusion of disaster reduction measures
in development activitiesin development activities• public educationpublic education
Strengthening Institutions
The National Health DisasterThe National Health DisasterProgram must:Program must:
• Lead the Lead the entireentire health sector health sector• Mobilize the sector for disaster prevention, Mobilize the sector for disaster prevention,
mitigation, preparedness, response and early mitigation, preparedness, response and early rehabilitationrehabilitation
• Have a multi-hazard scope (natural, Have a multi-hazard scope (natural, technological, “complex” disasters)technological, “complex” disasters)
• Coordinate with other sectorsCoordinate with other sectors
Strengthening Institutions
We need also to offer technical We need also to offer technical support to. . .support to. . .
• Foreign AffairsForeign Affairs• mass mediamass media• armed forcesarmed forces• industry/private sectorindustry/private sector• NGOs and volunteersNGOs and volunteers• parliamentsparliaments• civil society...civil society...
Strengthening Institutions
Cooperation with Foreign AffairsCooperation with Foreign Affairs
• national policy on external assistance (received or national policy on external assistance (received or offered by the country)offered by the country)
• mutual assistance agreements with other countriesmutual assistance agreements with other countries• guidelines for diplomatic/consular personnelguidelines for diplomatic/consular personnel
• channel offers/requests for external assistancechannel offers/requests for external assistance• call donors meetingscall donors meetings• security of foreigners in the country or of nationals security of foreigners in the country or of nationals
abroadabroad
Strengthening Institutions
Before a disaster:Before a disaster:
After a disaster:After a disaster:
Cooperation with Legislative Cooperation with Legislative BodiesBodies
Strengthening Institutions
To promote legislation for disaster To promote legislation for disaster Reduction:Reduction:
prevention, preparedness and response.prevention, preparedness and response.
1. Strengthening institutions1. Strengthening institutions2. Training2. Training3. Special priorities3. Special priorities
• hospital and water systems hospital and water systems mitigationmitigation
• Disaster Information CenterDisaster Information Center
Human Resources Development , Human Resources Development , not stockpiling equipment, is the not stockpiling equipment, is the
key to Preparedness . . .key to Preparedness . . .
University trainingUniversity training
Workshops/Workshops/short coursesshort courses
Workshops/Short CoursesWorkshops/Short Courses
– emergency health managementemergency health management
– hospital preparedness and mitigationhospital preparedness and mitigation
– environmental health managementenvironmental health management
– supplies management (SUMA)supplies management (SUMA)
– role of Ministries of Foreign Affairs in disastersrole of Ministries of Foreign Affairs in disasters
– mass media and public informationmass media and public information
– community preparedness….community preparedness….
Training
University TrainingUniversity Training
• introduction of Disaster Management in introduction of Disaster Management in the pre- and post-graduate curriculum in the pre- and post-graduate curriculum in faculties of Medicine, Nursing schools faculties of Medicine, Nursing schools and Public Health Schoolsand Public Health Schools
Training
1. Strengthening institutions1. Strengthening institutions2. Training2. Training3. Special priorities3. Special priorities
• hospital and water systems hospital and water systems mitigationmitigation
• Information disseminationInformation dissemination
Disaster Mitigation in Hospitals Disaster Mitigation in Hospitals and Water Supply Systemsand Water Supply Systems
HOSPITAL
• vulnerability vulnerability analysisanalysis
• improved design of improved design of new facilitiesnew facilities
• retrofitting existing retrofitting existing facilitiesfacilities
• norms, guidelines, norms, guidelines, and trainingand training
Vulnerability AnalysisVulnerability Analysis
• structuralstructural• nonstructuralnonstructural• functionalfunctional
Disaster Mitigation in Hospitals
A technical managerial toolA technical managerial toolA political instrument for transparencyA political instrument for transparency
A watch dog for inappropriate donationsA watch dog for inappropriate donations
Regional Disaster Information CenterRegional Disaster Information Center
• 12,000 documents on disaster-related topics12,000 documents on disaster-related topics
• multiagency, multidisciplinarymultiagency, multidisciplinary
• ““THE” source of material in SpanishTHE” source of material in Spanish
• Internet AccessInternet Access
• provides copies of documentsprovides copies of documents