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E-Learning
Dr N S Mani
Addl:Professor of Pediatrics
BCWMET 2014 GMCTSR 1
Specific Learning Objectives
At the end of the session, the Learner will be able to:
1. Define e-learning
2. Describe the methods of e-learning
3. Understand its benefits & drawbacks
4.Start own method
BCWMET 2014 GMCTSR 3
Revolution in education
• Traditional Model
– is teacher-centered method
–rote learning and memorization
– need class room
– coercion – attendance….!!!
Revolution in education
• "Learn by Doing" and "Learn by Discovery“
• e-learning offers educators a new adult learning
theory that may result in a more effective and efficient learning experience
What others say……?
BCWMET 2014 GMCTSR 6
Ref- http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16501260
E-learning in Engg:
Examples for e-learningA lecture uploaded from one of IITs
The video with voice looks like this…………
E learning in Accountancy
In Law….
BCWMET 2014 GMCTSR 11
Long definition……E-learning …..
– electronic media,– information and communication technologies
• text, • audio, • images, • Animation• audio or video tape, • satellite TV, • CD-ROM, • computer-based learning• web-based Internet
To make it short…….
• educational tool that electronically or technologically supports learning and teaching
It is a ……. ‘classrooms without walls’
• "virtual education course“
• chat rooms, instant messaging or Skype.
Medical organizations supporting tele-education
BCWMET 2014 GMCTSR 15
World leaders are..
• Finland, Norway, Belgium and Korea appear to have comparatively effective programs.
E-learning is……..
• Synchronous and asynchronous
Synchronous learning
• occurs in real-time, with all participants interacting at the same time
• Examples are face-to-face discussion, online real-time live teacher instruction and feedback, Skype conversations, and chatrooms or virtual classrooms where everyone is online and working collaboratively at the same time.
asynchronous learning
• is self-paced and allows participants to engage in the exchange of ideas or information without the dependency of other participants′ involvement at the same time.
• Asynchronous learning may use technologies such as email, blogs, wikis, and discussion boards, as well as web-supported textbooks, hypertext documents, audio
HTML or HyperText Markup Language
• is the standard markup language used to create web
pages.
BCWMET 2014 GMCTSR 20
E-learning in schools
• Classroom 2.0 refers to online multi-user virtual environments (MUVEs) that connect schools across geographical frontiers
Key advantages of e-learning include:
• Improved open access to education
• Improved interactions between students and instructors
• Acquisition of technological skills through practice with tools and computers
• Is cost effective.
Key disadvantages of e-learning,
• Bias towards tech-savvy students over non-technical students.
• Unforeseen technical difficulties may impede learning.
What students say…..
• should compliment and not replace traditional teaching
• it takes away the teacher student contact
• Only beneficial if internet resources, support system and time available
• should never replace the traditional model• Ref- Ward JP et al. Communication and information technology in medical education. Lancet. 2001;357:792-796.
• Masie E. Blended learning: the magic is in the mix. In: Rossett A, ed. The E-Learning Handbook. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2002:58-63.
Problems commonly encountered are…
• Accessibility issues
• poor computer literacy
• subsidized laptops and internet connections; separate computer lab for medical college; Wi-Fi availability all over campus
• not good for clinical side
• Some faculty members do not support e-learning
Good ??
Dood learning source for the future
Those who have graduated from Calicut are fond of praising their teacher’s like Dr GK,CBC,NSV……
We don’t have their video or audio to show in this century
Fear of faculty…
• Fear of change
• Costs
• poor design of modules
• inadequate technology eg speed of internet
• lack of skills … in preparing module,ppt
• Live face to-face teaching is missing
• Computer anxiety
Solutions……
• Funding – user fee
• integration of e-learning into the curriculum
• user friendly packages
• access to technology
• skills training
Solutions……
• “all lectures should be recorded and made available to students”
• In NUS buy the CD of the class or access through intra net, attempt online assessment student get credit hours…..
Example for e learning-theory topics like
• Shock
• nerve conduction study
• EEG
• Disorders of sex differentiation
• Steps in resuscitation
• Diabetic Retinopathy
• Anesthetic gases
BCWMET 2014 GMCTSR 30
Some examples for bed side teaching…..
• Read Chest X Ray
• Demonstrate Anthropometry
• Start IV drip
• Take an ECG
• Do Resuscitation
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Why not in our College?
• E-learning in medical schools can act as supplement to the traditional classroom.
• A few can take this topic as their project..assess response from your students….list benefits and difficulties….solutions that you suggest
Tools – Software a) A solution stack of software, usually free and open source
software (FOSS), used to run dynamic Web sites or servers. Acommon example is the LAMP Architecture, where:
• Linux - Operating System• Apache - Apache Web Server• MySQL - Database Management System (Database Server)• PHP - Hypertext Preprocessor (Scripting Language)b) Learning Management System: Commonly used free ones
are: Moodle (http://moodle.org) and ATutor(http://atutor.ca/).
c) Free lesson construction software to build a teachingwebsite: like Hot Potatoes: (http://hotpot.uvic.ca/)
Tools – Software (optional) d) Blog Publishing System: A commonly used free one is
WordPress (http://wordpress.org/ ) is a blog publishingsystem written in PHP. All data is stored in a MySQLdatabase.
e) Wiki software: A commonly used free one is MediaWiki(http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki /MediaWiki), which is aweb-based wiki software application used by all projects ofthe Wikimedia Foundation, and many other wikis, includingWikipedia and Citizendium.
f) Videoconferencing (Desktop): Instead of cost intensive(branded) dedicated videoconferencing systems (includingboth hardware and software), a PC or laptop can be used forvideoconferencing using the freeware Skype or Dimdim.
Checklist – 1 (i) Initiate Faculty to the pros and
cons -
(ii) Encourage regular interchange ofideas, discuss and demonstrate howto overcome practical difficulties.
(iii) Take the students into confidence
Checklist – 2 (iv) Concerned faculty members may have to spend a
significant amount of time in planning.
(v) The Learning objectives should be clearly stated andappropriate assessment should be carried out
(vi) students should have sufficient computer andInternet access.
Steps
1. Start blog – blogspot.com
2. Make .ppt and convert to video..upload in youtube.com
3. Contact students through sms, email.
4. Measure their visits
5. After a specified time do formative assessment by mcq
6. Evaluate online,send marks by sms, email…
BCWMET 2014 GMCTSR 37
A topic on Urinary Retention I am posting in blog
BCWMET 2014 GMCTSR 38
Or a topic from Resp System…
Uploading the whole ppt show
BCWMET 2014 GMCTSR 40
Send SMS / e mail my students
BCWMET 2014 GMCTSR 41
Visitor counter tells traffic
BCWMET 2014 GMCTSR 42
Electronic Examination
Assessing learning in a
1. multiple choice questions,
2. drag-and-drop,
3. radio button,
4. simulation
Online MCQ
Urology……….e-exam
Question paper sent as email…
BCWMET 2014 GMCTSR 46
Student fills the answers…returns as mail
BCWMET 2014 GMCTSR 47
Answer in excel sheet can be valued easily…send back as reply…
BCWMET 2014 GMCTSR 48
Why should I do ????Nobody has taught me like
this…..
BCWMET 2014 GMCTSR 49
Outcome of Perfect method of Teaching learning is =
The student should be better than the teacher (at a given chronological age)
BCWMET 2014 GMCTSR 50
Good educational practice….
Chickering & Gamson (1987) introduced the seven principles for good practice in undergraduate education, according to which, good educational practice:
1. Encourages contact between students and faculty
2. Develops reciprocity and cooperation among students
3. Encourages active learning
4. Gives prompt feedback
5. Emphasizes time on task
6. Communicates high expectations
7. Respects diverse talents and ways of learning.
BCWMET 2014 GMCTSR 51
For perfection …a) Easily accessible.b) Easy to download.c) Easy to understand (written in a language suited to the level of the
students).d) Learning objectives should be clear and the course designed to meet
those objectives (good planning is a must).e) Sufficient hands-on exercises / assignments / quizzes should be
supplemented to the “static” reading (text/image), viewing (video)and listening (audio) study materials and “dynamic” (interactive)contents, if possible.
f) “effective designing” -- stresses more on “usability”.
Neuro-Surgery – video of CME
http://feeds.bmj.com/bmj/podcasts
Podcasts from BMJ
Neurology pod cast
Apps available for android mobile
• uptodate
• Diagnosticpro
• Medical calculators
• WHO tools for anthropometry
• Epocrates
• Medscape
• Pdf reader The teacher’s note sent as pdf password
protected file
http://www.faculty.londondeanery.ac.uk/e-learning
BCWMET 2014 GMCTSR 60
A few questions…..
• What are the key challenges for you as a clinical teacher in introducing e-learning?
• How do you encourage contact, interaction and co-operation between yourself and learners in an e-learning environment?
• How do you give feedback to learners and how do you know this is effective?
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What I do………..1. blog
2.youtube
16263 views in One year !!!
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3. http://www.slideshare.net/
One can upload ppt file here…
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Similar Topic already prepared…
BCWMET 2014 GMCTSR 67
REFERENCESSarbadhikari SN, How to design an effective e-learning course for
medical education, Indian Journal of Medical Informatics. 2008; 3:3
http://ijmi.org/index.php/ijmi/article/view/y08i1a3/15
• Albarrak AI,. Designing E-learning Systems in Medical Education: A Case Study: http://faculty.ksu.edu.sa/AlBarrak/Publications/E-Learning%20Design%20Papers.pdf
• Choules AP. The use of elearning in medical education: a review ofthe current situation, Postgrad. Med. J. 2007; 83: 212-216
• Ruiz JG, Mintzer MJ, Leipzig RM. The Impact of e-Learning in MedicalEducation, Acad Med. 2006; 81: 207-212.
• Naidu S, e-Learning: A guidebook of principles, procedures and practices, Commonwealth Educational Media Center for Asia, 2nd Ed, 2006, ISBN: 81-88770-04-3
Take-home Message
1. E-learning is virtual class room.
2. Computer & internet are needed.
3. Learning modules to be made
4. Supplements existing modes.
5. Evaluation & feedback easier
BCWMET 2014 GMCTSR 69
Nothing is impossible…