e 2 0 2 G eography c n hi c Vol - XVI (9), November - 2017...
Transcript of e 2 0 2 G eography c n hi c Vol - XVI (9), November - 2017...
UGC Approved - Research Link - An International Journal-164 Vol-XVI (9) November-2017 50
Introduction :The present research paper deals with the spatial study
of the typology of market centers. So far as the study ofspatial organization of market centers is important.Generally, classification shows number of features aboutmarket centers, which bear on the distinguished sellersinteraction pattern market and its consumers, and in a totallymarket and its hinterland. So it is helpful in planning andprogramming further developments at the market centersat the grassroots ensues as a natural consequence. The kindof population and tertiary activities of the market centersare located, play a vital role in the importance of marketcenters.Data Base and Methodology :
The present research study of spatial distribution ofarea and market centers has been based on primary andsecondary data. The data has been collected from varioussources i.e. District Census Handbook and Districtstatistical Abstracts etc. It is collected for the period of1991 to 2011. Finally the data has analyzed by statistical aswell as cartographic techniques.Objectives :
The specific objective of the present paper is asfollows :
(1) To study the typology of market centers in thestudy region.Study Area :
Hingoli district of eastern Maharashtra is selected asa study region for the present investigation. Hingoli district
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lies between 190 05' North to 200 05' North latitude and760 30' East to 770 30' East longitude. It covers an area of4827 sq.km. Which is 1.56 percent to the total area of thestate and a population of 1178973 (2011 census) which is1.05 percent of the total population of the state ofMaharashtra. Among the 35 districts of the state, the districtranks 32nd in terms of area and 33rd in terms of population
Typology of Market Centers in Hingoli District :A Geographical Analysis
Marketing geography describes the various facts of retailing as aspect of geographywhich is concerned with territory economic activities and especially the distributive trades.The distribution of market centers is influenced by different physical and cultural factors.rural economy market plays a vital role in the interactions and exchanging the local productsthrough certain norms where 'system of rural market serves as the nodal points for thecollection and distribution of large range of goods and services of both local and externalorigin' Therefore attempt is made here to analyze typology of market centers in HingoliDistrict. The paper is based on secondary data. The kind of population and tertiary activitiesof the market centers are located, play a vital role in the importance of market centers.Key Words : Typology of market centres.
DR. DESHMUKH NITIN TRIMBAKRAO
Assistant Professor (Department of Geography), Mahatma Gandhi Mahavidyalaya, Ahmedpur, Dist.Latur (Maharashtra)Affiliated to Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded (Maharashtra)
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and 29th in terms of density. The region, comprising 710inhabited villages and 03 urban centers, is administrativelysubdivided into 05 tahsils namely Hingoli, Kalamnuri,Basmath, Aunda Nagnath and Sengaon.
Discussion and Result :Two classes have been made for urban centers and four
for rural centers and classified the market centers of thestudy region on the basis of population size. Among thelater there are two classes which are below 5000 peopleand they are below 2500 and 2500 to 4999. The remainingtwo rural classes are above 7500 i.e. 5000 to 7499 and7500 and above. Among the Urban market centres twoclasses are identified. They are below 30000 and above30000. In the group of rural market centres, 09 marketcentres belong to below 2500 Population size. In the highestnumber of market centres are five in Sengaon i,e. Lingpimari(141), Adol (1012), Khillar (800), Kapadsingi (2326) andKendra BK. (2366), and lowest number of market centre isone each in Hingoli and Aundha Nagnath tahsil i.e. Sirsum(BK) in Hingoli and Bhosi in Aundha Nagnath tahsil. GoulBajar and Bolda these two market centres in Kalamnuri tahsilbelongs to below 2500 population size
Tweleve rural market centres are located between2500 to 4999 population size. Out of five market centreshighest number of market located in Sengaon tahsil i.e.Palashi (2745), Kahakar (2836), Shakhara (3006), Jaipur(4123), and Ajegaon (4204) and lowest number of marketcentre is one each in Hingoli, Aundha Nagnath and Kalamnurii.e. Kanhergao naka (3213), Pimpaldari (4277) and WarangaPhata (4010). Such types of four market centre in Basmathtahsil i.e. Aral (3387), Choundi Amba (4196), Hayatnagar(4377) and Adgaon (4426).
Five market centres are situated Between 5000 to7499 population sizes.Out of these highest two marketcentres are located in Sengaon tahsil i.e. Pusegaon (5992)and Pankanhergaon (6229). Lowest number of marketcentre are each in Hingoli, Aundha Nagnath and Kalamnuritahsil i.e. Narsi Namdev (5988), Shirad Shahapur (7385),Dongarkada (6956).
Eight market centres are located in above 7500
population size. Out of three Market Centers are locatedin Basmath tahsil they are Hatta (8238), Girgaon (9614)and Kurunda (12324), Sengaon (8466) and Goregaon (9896)located in Sengaon tahsil, Aundha Nagnath (14892), andJaval Bajar (13233) located in Aundha Nagnath tahsil andAkhada Balapur (12521) located in Kalamnuri tahsil.
There are three urban market centres in the studyregion. All these market centres are tahsils headquarters.They are Hingoli (85137) Basmath (68937) and Kalamnuri(24797). Hingoli and Basmath are classified into above30000 population size and Kalamnuri classified into below30000 population size.Classification Based on Function and ExchangeOrientation :
Skinner (1964-65) has classification based on sizeand function of market centres. Scott (1972) has noted thatany classification which attempts to be all inclusive mustinclude market orientation, function and periodicity. Gupta(1979), Tamaskar (1981), Singh (1980) have made adetailed analysis of periodic markets and regulated marketssystem in India. The market centre having both functions,retail and wholesale aims at becoming a larger market. Thereis an attempt both buyers and sellers. In a wholesale systemthe market orientation is verticals and on the other hand,the retail market orientation is horizontal have beenclassified in four types:
(i) The market centres which have neither main yard norsub yard but are periodic markets with less than 4000 population.
(ii) Market centres which have no main yard and nosub yard but periodic market are there with more than 4000population.
(iii) Market centres which have sub yards of regulatedmarkets.
(iv) Market centres having main yards regulatedmarkets.
Table No. 1.1 : Typology of Market Centres Based onPopulation Size
Source : Compile by Researcher Based on Field Work.
Tahsils
Number of Market Centers
Rural Population Urban Population
Below 2500
2500 to 4999
5000 to 7499
7500 to Above
Below 30000
Above 30000
Sengaon 05 05 02 02 -- -- Hingoli 01 01 01 -- -- 01 Aundha Nagnath
01 01 01 02 -- --
Kalamnuri 02 01 01 01 01 -- Basmath -- 04 -- 03 -- 01
District Total 09 12 05 08 01 02
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Among rural market centres, 31 market centres aresmall periodic markets where exclusively retail selling iscarried out of small scales. The first type (No yard below4000 populations) belong 11 market centres, out of thesethe highest number of market centres are 08 in Sengaontahsil i.e. Limgpimpari, Khillar, Adol, Kapadsingi, KendraBK, Palashi, Kahakar, Sakhara. One market centres each inKalamnuri tahsil i.e. Goul Bajar, Bhoshi in Aundha Nagnathtahsil and Aral in Basmath tahsil.
In the second type (No yard 4000 and abovepopulation) 13 market centres are included, five in Sengaontahsil (Jaipur, Ajegaon, Pusegaon, Pankanhergaon,Goregaon) and four in Basmath tahsil (Hayatnagar, Adgaon,Girgaon and Choundi Amba), three in Kalamnuri tahsil(Warang Phata, Dongerkada, Bolda), and one market centresof this type is observed in Aundha tahsil i.e. Pimpaldari.
In the third type (which have sub yards of regulatedmarkets) three markets centres is included i.e. NarshiNamdev, Kahnergaonnaka and Sirsum in Hingoli tahsil, twomarket centres of this type each is observed in AundhaNagnath i.e. Shirad Shahpur and Jawala Bajar, and Hatta andKurunda in Basmath tahsil. Only one market centre of thistype is found in Kalamnuri tahsil i.e. Akhada Balapur.
In the fourth type, two market centres are included,one is Sengaon and another is Aundha Nagnath which is tahsilheadquarters.
Among urban market centre all three market centreshave main yards i.e. Hingoli, Kalamnuri and Basmath,Sengaon and Aundha tahsil is an exception to this type.Conclusion :
The typological analysis of market centres is based onas many factors. When the development of several topologiesis considered, it shows many important factors the come out.
The examination of the typology indicates that thetypes of market centres are dissimilar. It is the result ofundulating Physiography and other physical factors,problems of transportation facilities the problems insupplying of goods and services, uneven distribution ofpopulation density, lack of communication facilities etc.
Tahsils
Number of Market Centers
Rural Population Urban Population
No Yard Below 4000
No Yard Above 4000
Sub Yard
Main Yard
Sub Yard
Main Yard
Sengaon 08 05 -- 01 -- -- Hingoli -- -- 03 -- -- 01 Aundha Nagnath
01 01 02 01 -- --
Kalamnuri 01 03 01 -- -- 01 Basmath 01 04 02 -- -- 01
District Total 11 13 08 02 -- 03
Typology of Market Centers Based on Function andExchange Orientation
Source : Compiled by Researcher Based on Field Work.
References :
(1) Dixit, R.S. (1985) : (a) Typology of Market Centersbased on Human member, Geographical Mesaic(Mukhopadhyaya, S.C. ......ed) Calcutta, Modern Book.
(2) Dacey, M. F. (1962) : Analysis of Central Place andPoint Patterns by nearest Neighbor Methods, Lund Series (B) inGeography, 24, pp. 55-76.
(3) Socio Economic Review and districts statistical abstractin Hingoli district.
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(1) Aunden, J.B. (1937) : Structure of the Himalaya inGarhwal Rec. Goa. Sur. India 71.4.407.433. (2) Chibbor, H.L.(1948) : The Drainage Pattern observed in India and AdjacentCountries Geographical Society of India Bull 20. (3) Bloom,A.L. (1979) : Geomorphology. Asystematic analysis of LatcConozic land. Prentice Hall. Delhi. (4) Nand N. and Kumar. K.(1986) : The Holy Himalaya. A Geographical Inter Predation ofGarhwal Daya Publication House Delhi. (5) Pal, S.K. (1986) :Geomorphology of Review Terrance"s along Alknanda Valley.Garhwal Himalaya B.R. Publishing Corporation. Delhi.
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esa f'k{kk Lrj dk irk yxkuk ¼n½ xk¡oksa ds fodkl gsrq lq>koksa
dk çLrqrhdj.kA
fof/krU= % ;g v/;;u xzkeh.k Lrj ij vk/kkfjr gSA
eq[; :i ls f}fr;d vkadM+ksa dks v/;;u esa 'kkfey fd;k x;k
gSA buds çn'kZu gsrq rduhd esa vusd Mk;xzke vkSj rkfydkvksa
dk ç;ksx fd;k x;k gSA
/kjkry ,oa feV~Vh % ;g {ks= flU/kq&xaxk ds eSnku dk
fgLlk gSA vr% bldk fuekZ.k nkseV feV~Vh ds xgjs teko ls
gqvk gSA ;gk¡ dk /kjkry flapkbZ ds fy, vuqdwy gSA bl {ks=
dh leqæry ls Å¡pkbZ 233 eh0 gSA
tyok;q % leqæ ls nwj gksus ds dkj.k ;gka egk}hih;
çdkj dh tyok;q ikbZ tkrh gSA o"kZ dk lcls xeZ eghuk twu
ftlesa vf/kdre rkieku 460 lsfYl;l o lcls B.Mk eghuk
tuojh gS] ftlesa vkSlr rkieku 200 lsfYl;l ds vklikl
jgrk gSA vkSlr o"kkZ 367-9 mm gSA xzkh"edky esa vf/kd
rkieku okyh xeZ iouksa dks bl {ks= esa *yw* cksyrs gSaA
tukafddh; ,oa lkekftd lajpuk %
¼v½ Tkula[;k % Hkkjr dh tux.kuk 2011 ds vuqlkj
bZVy xk¡o dh dqy tula[;k 2579 O;fDr gS] buesa ls 1404
¼54-44 izfr'kr½ iq:"k ,oa 1175 ¼45-56 izfr'kr½ efgyk,¡ gSaA
¼c½ fyxkuqikr % xk¡o bZVy dyka dk fyxkuqikr 2001
dh tux.kuk ds vuqlkj 837 gSA ;g jk"Vªh; vkSlr ls dkQh
peervo efpeuee (nefjÙeeCee) kesâ F&�ue keâuee ieeBJe keâe meeceeefpekeâ SJeb
DeeefLe&keâ efJeMues<eCe : Skeâ Yeewieesefuekeâ DeOÙeÙeve
[[email protected] ognve
Skeäme�WMeve JÙeeKÙeelee (Yetieesue efJeYeeie), jepekeâerÙe ceneefJeÅeeueÙe, yejJeeuee, efnmeej (nefjÙeeCee)
Øemlegle MeesOehe$e ceW nefjÙeeCee kesâ peervo efpeues kesâ F&�ue keâuee ieeBJe keâe meeceeefpekeâ SJeb DeeefLe&keâ
efJeMues<eCe, Yeewieesefuekeâ DeeOeej hej efkeâÙee ieÙee nw~ DeOÙeÙeve keâe cegKÙe GösMÙe ieeBJe ceW DeeefLe&keâ mlej keâe
helee ueieevee, ieeBJe ceW meeceeefpekeâ-DeeefLe&keâ mlej keâe helee ueieevee, ieeBJe ceW efMe#ee keâe mlej peevevee leLee
ieeBJeeW kesâ efJekeâeme nsleg megPeeJeeW keâe ØemlegleerkeâjCe efkeâÙee ieÙee nw~ Ùen DeOÙeÙeve «eeceerCe mlej hej DeeOeeefjle
nw~ cegKÙe ®he mes efÉleerÙekeâ DeebkeâÌ[eW keâes DeOÙeÙeve nsleg Meeefceue efkeâÙee ieÙee nw~ DeOÙeÙeve kesâ DeeOeej hej
keâne pee mekeâlee nw efkeâ ieeBJe ceW ØeeLeefcekeâ efÛeefkeâlmee kesâvõ keâe efJekeâeme efkeâÙee peevee ÛeeefnS, yeeieeveeW SJeb
meefypeÙeeW kesâ Debleie&le #es$e keâes yeÌ{eJee efoÙee peevee ÛeeefnS~
UGC Approved - Research Link - An International Journal-164 Vol-XVI (9) November-2017 56
de gSA ¼0&6½ vk;qoxZ esa fLFkfr vkSj Hkh fpUrktud gS] tks
825 gSA yksxksa dks fxjrs fyxkuqikr ds ckjs esa tkx:d djuk
t:jh gSA
¼l½ ikfjokfjd lajpuk % xk¡o ds v/;;u ls Kkr gksrk
gS fd ,dy ifjokjksa dh xk¡o esa cgqyrk gSA bldk dkj.k yksxksa
dk ljdkjh ukSdfj;ksa esa gksuk gSA
¼n½ dqjhfr;k¡ % xzkeh.k v/;;u dh fjiksVZ esa ;g ik;k
x;k çFkk&çFkk xk¡oksa esa vf'kf{kr ifjokjksa ds lkFk&lkFk f'kf{kr
ifjokjksa esa Hkh gSA
vkfFkZd laajpuk % v/;;u {ks= d`f"k ij vk/kkfjr xk¡o
gSA ;gk¡ Ik'kqikyu Hkh eq[; O;olk; curk tk jgk gSA bldk
eq[; dkj.k xk¡o dk thUn ds fcYdqy ikl fLFkr gksuk rFkk
gfj;k.kk lgdkjh nqX/k lfefr ds VITA la;U= o y{; Ms;jh
dk lehi gksuk gSA
vuqlwfpr tkfr ,oa xjhch js[kk ls uhps ds ifjokj%
tux.kuk 2011 ds vuqlkj xk¡o esa 173 O;fDr vuqlwfpr tkfr
ls gSA 10000 :0 ls de okf"kZd vk; okys 49 ifjokj gSa]
ftlesa ls 15 vuqlwfpr tkfr 25 fiNM+k oxZ o 9 vU; fiNM+k
oxZ ls gSA
lk{kjrk % lk{kjrk gh ,d ,slk ladsr gS] tks fdlh {ks=
ds fodkl Lrj dh tkudkjh nsrk gSA xzkeh.k v/;;u ls Kkr
gksrk gS fd ;gk¡ ij f'k{kk dk Lrj dkQh vPNk gS] tks fuEu
lkj.kh ls Li"V gS %
'kS{kkf.kd nf"V ls xk¡o dkQh vkxs gSA bldk dkj.k xk¡o esa
nks çkbejh Ldwy] ,d lhfu;j lSdsM.jh Ldwy gSA thUn 'kgj ls
de nwjh Hkh ;gk¡ dh f'k{kk dh c<+ksÙkjh ds fy, egRoiw.kZ dkjd gSA
dk;Z lgHkkfxrk % xk¡o ds fofHkUu O;fDr;ksa dh fofHkUu
dk;ksZa esa lgHkkfxrk dh çkIr tkudkjh ds vuqlkj Ikk;k x;k fd
xk¡o dh dqy vkcknh dk 90 izfr'kr ls vf/kd la[;k lh/ks ;k
ijks{k :i ls df"k vkSj ml ij vk/kkfjr i'kqikyu fØ;kvksa ls
tqM+h gqbZ gSA
fofHkUu Qlyksa ds vUrxZr d`f"k Hkwfe % bl xzkeh.k
çns'k esa xzh"e_rq esa ¼[kjhc dh Qlysa o 'kjn _rq esa ¼jch dh
Qlysa½ cksbZ tkrh gS] ftudk C;kSjk bl çdkj gS %
i'kqikyu % d`f"k ds lkFk&lkFk ;gk¡ i'kqikyu Hkh cM+k
çfl) O;olk; gS] tks vkthfodk çnku djrk gSA dqN i'kq
nw/k nsrs gSa] rks dqN [ksrh esa ;ksxnku nsrs gSaA v/;;u {ks= esa HkSlksa
dh la[;k 1000] 66 xk;s 144 cSy o 12 lkaM gSaA
Hkwfetksr % xk¡oksa esa tksr dk vkdkj NksVk gSA dqy
ifjokjksa esa 323 ifjokj (Marginal Land Holding) ds vUrxZr
(Marginal 0-1 Hectares) 108 ifjokj Small Land Holding
(1.1-2 Hectares) dsoy 4 ifjokj (Medium Land Holding)
ds vUrxZr vkrs gSaA xk¡o esa 42 ifjokj Hkwfeghu gSaA
d`f"k ;a= % v/;;u {ks= esa d`f"k esa u,&u, vkStkj ç;ksx
fd, tk jgs gSaA bu vk/kqfud d`f"k ;U=ksa esa VªSDVj] gjks]
dEckbZu] dSfYVosVj] FkzS'kj çeq[k gSaA
ewyHkwr lqfo/kk,¡ % lkekftd&vkfFkZd fodkl rc rd
v/kwjk ekuk tkrk gS] tc rd ml {ks= dh ewyHkwr lqfo/kkvksa dh
tkudkjh u gksA bl xk¡o esa ljdkjh i'kq&fpfdRlky;] ,d
vkaxuckM+h] rhu pkSikys o uydwi Iks;ty miyC/k djokrs gSa
,oa 100 çfr'kr fo|qrhdj.k gS] tks xk¡o ds fodkl esa lgk;d
gSA
;krk;kr % ;krk;kr dh O;oLFkk fdlh {ks= esa lkekftd
&vkfFkZd fodkl esa cM+h Hkwfedk fuHkkrh gSA xk¡o bZVy nks jkT;
ekxksZ ij fLFkr gSA xk¡o esa nksifg;k ,oa dkj eq[; ;krk;kr
lk/ku gSA buds vykok ifjogu ,oa futh cls gSa] tks le;≤
ij ;kf=;ksa dks xUrO; LFkku ij igq¡pkrh gSaA
Lkq>ko %
xk¡o esa çkFkfed fpfdRlk dsUæ] ckxkuksa ,oa lfCt;ksa us
vUrxZr {ks= dks c<+kok] cM+k i'kq vLirky cuokuk] fyaxkuqikr
o`f) vkSj efgyk lk{kjrk esa o`f) vR;Ur t:jh gSA
lUnHkZ %
¼1½ bZVy dyka xk¡o ds lkekftd vkfFkZd fodkl ij MkW0 ch-
,l- dq.Mq ds funsZ'ku esa ekpZ@vçSy 2014 dh fjiksVZA
¼2½ Hkkjr dh tux.kuk 2011-
¼3½ Hkw&jktLo foHkkx thUnA
lk{kjksa dh la[;k lk{kjrk nj
iq:"k efgyk,¡ efgyk,¡ iq:"k efgyk,¡ efgyk,¡
940 588 1526 82-45 57-59 70-71
rkfydk 1 % xk¡o bZVy dyka ¼CykWd thUn½ dh lk{kjksa
dh la[;k ,oa lk{kjrk nj
L=ksr % Hkkjr dh tux.kuk] 2011-
rkfydk 2 % [kjhc o jch dh Qly dk C;kSjk
[kjhCk&2012 jch 2013
Qly dqy dk izfr�kr Qly {ks= gSDVs;j e sa
pkoy 54-41 xsgw¡ 447
dikl 21-68 ljlksa 007
cktjk 14-5 cjlhu 014
lCth 1-80 lCth 011
vU; 8-06 vU; 18
dqy 100 dqy 487
L=ksr % Hkw&jktLo foHkkx thUnA
UGC Approved - Research Link - An International Journal-164 Vol-XVI (9) November-2017 57
nsofxjh iOkZr J`[kayk dh rygjh esa fLFkr nso uxjh uke
ls fo[;kr nkSlk ftyk 26022** ls 27
050** mÙkjh v{kka'k ds
e/; 76053** ls 78
016** iwohZ ns'kkUrj ds e/; jktLFkku jkT; ds
iwohZ Hkkx esa fLFkr gSA nkSlk ,d ,sfrgkfld uxj gS] ftls <w¡<kM+
jkT; dh izFke jkt/kkuh cuus dk lkSHkkX; izkIr gqvkA nkSlk
dNokgk jktkvksa dh jktLFkyh jgh gSA dNokgk jktoa'k Jh jke
ds iq= dq'k dss oa'kt crk, tkrs gSaA
10 vizSy] 1991 dks t;iqj ftys ls pkj rglhyksa nkSlk]
fldjk;] clok ,oa ykylksV dks i`Fkd dj nkSlk dk xBu
gqvkA 15 vxLr] 1992 dks lokbZek/kksiqj ftys dh egqok rglhy
dks nkSlk ftys esa lfEefyr fd;k x;kA nkSlk ftyk eq[;ky;
jk"Vªh; jktekxZ la- 11 ij t;iqj ls vkxjk dh vksj 55 fd-eh
dh nwjh ij fLFkr gS rFkk lMd ,oa jsyekxZ nksuksa ls tqM+k gqvk
gSA nkSlk ftys dh lhek;sa t;iqj] lokbZek/kksiqj] Vksad] djkSyh]
Hkjriqj ,oa vyoj ftys dh lhekvksa ls feyh gqbZ gSA
nkSlk esa R;kSgkjksa ds volj ij ,d vuwBs lkaLd`frd vkSj
ekuoh; ,drk ds n'kZu gksrs gSaA ;gk¡ fo'ks"k :i ls clUr iapeh
dk esyk] chtkluh ekrk dk esyk] x.kxkSj esyk] esgUnhiqj
ckykth dk esyk vkfn fo'kky esyksa dk vk;kstu izzfro"kZ fd;k
tkrk gSA nkSlk ftys esa izkphu egRo dh /kjksgj vkHkkusjh]
>k>hjkeiqjk] Hkk.Mkjst dh ckofM+;k¡ ,oa egy] lar lqUnjnkl
th dh nh{kkLFkyh&xsVksyko] iapegknso vkfn izeq[k n'kZuh;
LFky gSA
ftys dk izeq[k O;olk; i'kqikyu o d`f"k gS] ijUrq vc
/khjs&/khjs vkS|kSfxd izxfr dh vksj vxzlj gSA nkSlk ftys ds
lehi fldUnjk pkSjkgs ls ckykth eksM+ rd iRFkj dh dykRed
uDdk'kh ,oa ewfrZ cukus dk O;olk; fd;k tk jgk gS] ftldk
Research Link - 164, Vol - XVI (9), November - 2017, Page No. 57-60
G eographyAn International,Registered & ReferredMonthly Journal :
Sin
ceM
arch
200
2
Impact Factor - 2015 - 2.782ISSN - 0973-1628 RNI - MPHIN-2002-7041
UGC Approved Journal
Research Link
*MeesOeÚe$ee (Yetieesue efJeYeeie), jepemLeeve efJeÕeefJeÅeeueÙe, peÙehegj (jepemLeeve)
**meneÙekeâ ØeeOÙeehekeâ (Yetieesue efJeYeeie), jepemLeeve efJeÕeefJeÅeeueÙe, peÙehegj (jepemLeeve)
Debpeg veeJeefjÙee* SJeb [[email protected]<ee pewve**
oewmee efpeuee - Skeâ Yeewieesefuekeâ Âef°keâesCe
fu;kZr ns'k&fons'k esa Hkh fd;k tk jgk gSA blds vfrfjDr egqok
rglhy esa ckykgsM+h xk¡o esa ihry ds dykRed crZuksa dks cukus
dk dk;Z ,oa yok.k rglhy esa fodflr njh m|ksx viuh
dykRed cqukbZ ,oa jaxksa dh fMtkbZZu ds fy, fo'o izfl) gSA
HkkSxksfyd fLFkfr;k ¡ %
nkSlk ftyk 26022** ls 27
050** mÙkjh v{kka'k ds e/;
76053** ls 78
016** iwohZ ns'kkUrj ds e/; fLFkr gSA jktLo
fjdkWMZ ds vuqlkj nkSlk ftys dk {ks=Qy 3414-28 oxZ fd-eh-
gS] tks jkT; ds {ks=Qy dk 1-0 izfr'kr gSA
{ks=Qy %
o"kZ 2011 dh tux.kuk ds vuqlkj ftys dk HkkSxksfyd
{ks=Qy 3414-28 oxZ fdyksehVj gS] ftlesa ls 74-73 oxZ fdyksehVj
'kgjh] tcfd 3339-55 oxZ fd-eh xzkeh.k {ks=Qy gSA
iz'kklfud foHkktu %
ftys esa iz'kklu dks lqpk: :i ls pykus gsrq ftys esa 6
mi[k.M nkSlk] egqok] ykylksV] fldjk;] ckanhdqbZ] ,oa
ukxy&jktkorku] yok.k ,oa jkex<&ipokjk gSA
6 iapk;r lfefr;k¡ % nkSlk] egqoka] ykylksV] fldjk;]
caknhdqbZ ,oa yok.kA
2 uxj ikfydk,¡ & ykylksV o ckanhdqbZ vkSj 1 uxj
ifj"kn nkSlk esa fLFkr gSA
2011 dh tux.kuk ds vuqlkj e.Mkoj ,oa egqok dks
dLck ekuk x;k gSA ftys esa orZeku esa dqy 234 xzke iapk;rsa
,oa 1109 xzke gS] ftlesa ls 30 xzke xSj vkckn gSA ftys ds
iz'kklfud izeq[k dysDVj ,oa ftyk eftLVªsV gSA budh lgk;rkFkZ
vfrfjDr dysDVj ,oa vU; vf/kdkjh gSA mi[k.M Lrj ij
mi[k.M vf/kdkjh gS] ftUgsa izFke Js.kh dk;Zikyd eftLsVªV dh
Øemlegle MeesOehe$e ceW jepemLeeve kesâ oewmee efpeues keâe Yeewieesefuekeâ Âef°keâesCe mes DeOÙeÙeve efkeâÙee ieÙee
nw~ MeesOehe$e ceW Yeewieesefuekeâ efmLeefle, #es$eheâue, ØeMeemeefvekeâ efJeYeepeve, Keeve Je Keefvepe, veefoÙeeB Deewj yeeBOe,
oewmee keâer ØecegKe heefjÙeespeveeSB, Jeve SJeb Jeve mecheoe, peueJeeÙeg, òeeheceeve, Je<ee&, Deeõ&lee, meÌ[keâ heefjJenve,
Yetefce GheÙeesie Deeefo efJeefYeVe Meer<e&keâeW kesâ Debleie&le efJemle=le DeOÙeÙeve efkeâÙee ieÙee nw~ efpeues keâe ØecegKe
JÙeJemeeÙe heMegheeueve Je ke=âef<e nw, hejbleg Deye Oeerjs-Oeerjs DeewÅeesefiekeâ Øeieefle keâer Deesj efpeuee De«emej nw~ oewmee
efpeues kesâ meceerhe efmekeâvoje Ûeewjens mes yeeueepeer ceesÌ[ lekeâ helLej keâer keâueelcekeâ vekeäkeâeMeer SJeb cetefle& yeveeves
keâe JÙeJemeeÙe efkeâÙee pee jne nw, efpemekeâe efveÙee&le osMe-efJeosMe ceW Yeer efkeâÙee pee jne nw~ kegâue efceueekeâj oewmee
efpeuee efJekeâeme keâer Deesj De«emej nw~
UGC Approved - Research Link - An International Journal-164 Vol-XVI (9) November-2017 58
'kfDr;k¡ izkIr gSaA buds dk;ksZa esa lg;ksx gsrq ftyk eq[;ky; Ikj
,d lgk;d dysDVj eftLVªsV gSA izR;sd rglhy esa ,d
rglhynkj gksrk gS] ftls f}rh; Js.kh dk;Zikyd eftLVªsV dh
'kfDr;k¡ izkIr gSaA jktLo n`f"V ls ftys esa 65 Hkw- vfHk- e.My
,oa 263 iVokj e.My dk;ZZjr gSA ftys esa dqy 6 mi[k.M
dk;Zjr gSA
nkSLkk ftys esa 8 mi[k.M gS vkSj vkB gh rglhysa Hkh gSaA
izR;sd rglhy esa dLcksa dh la[;k vyx&vyx ik;h tkrh gSA
lokZf/kd dLcksa dh la[;k egqok rglhy esa ik;h tkrh gS ,oa
ukaxy jktkorku] fldjk;] ykylksV vkfn rglhyksa esa oks
dLcksa dh la[;k gS gh ughaA
vkSj vxj tux.kuk ds vkckn vkSj xSj&vkckn xzkeksa dh
la[;k ij /;ku nsa rks ik;sxsa fd lokZf/kd vkckn xk¡o ckanhdqbZ
rglhy esa vkSj f}rh; LFkku ykylksV rglhy dk vkrk gSA
lokZf/kd xSj&vkckn xk¡o ykylksV rglhy esa gSA lcls
T;knk tux.kuk ds xzkeksa dh la[;k ckanhdqbZ vkSj f}rh; LFkku
ij egqok rglhy dk LFkku vkrk gSA
dqy tula[;k 1316790 gS rFkk {ks=Qy 3429 fd-eh- gSA
rglhykuqlkj lokZf/kd tula[;k ckanhdqbZ dh 338878 gS vkSj
nwljs LFkku ij egqok rglhy dh tula[;k 264667 gSA blesa
uxj ifj"kn@ikfydk&3 rFkk fodkl [k.M&6 gSA
[kku ,oa [kfut lEink %
nkSlk ftys esa [kku ,oa Hkw&foHkkx dk dk;kZy; ugha gSA
ftys esa 2014&15 esa 10 iz|ku [kfut ds vkSj 106 viz/kku
[kfutksa ds [kuu iV~Vs izHkko'kkyh gSSA ftys esa leh{kk/khu o"kZ ds
nkSjku mRikfnr [kfut Øe'k% lksi LVksu] flfydk ysM] ekcZy]
ctjh] iV~Vh&dkryk vkfn gSaA [kuu dk;Z esa dk;Zjr Jfedksa
dh la[;k 10925 FkhA ftys esa i|ku [kfutksa ls 9-47 yk[k ,oa
viz|ku [kfutksa ls 1172-25 yk[k :i;s dh vk; gqbZA iz|ku
[kfutksa dk fcØh ewY; 60-34 ,oa viz|ku [kfutksa dks fcØh
ewY; 3843-45 yk[k :i;s jgk] ftllsa dqy 9283 yksxksa dks
jkstxkj izkIr gqvkA
tkudkjh ds vuqlkj nkSlk ftys esa vusd izdkj ds [kfut
ik;s tkrs gSaA bu [kfutksa dks nks oxksZ esa foHkkftr fd;k x;k gS
%
¼v½ iz|ku [kfut ,oa ¼c½ viz|ku [kfutA
¼v½ iz|ku [kfut % flfydk yS.M] lk si LVksu]
MksyksekbZV] DokVZt] pk;uk Dys] vk;ju vksj
bR;kfnA
¼c½ viz|ku [kfut % eslsujh LVksu]
dadj ctjh] ekcZy CykWd] [k.Mk] iV~Vh dkryk]
LysV LVksu] bZV feV~Vh bR;kfnA
bl rkfydk ds vuqlkj nkSlk ftys esa
iz|ku [kfutksa dh izkfIr ux.; ek=k esa gksrh gS
vkSj viz|ku [kfutksa dh izkfIr vf/kd gksrh gSA
ftuesa xslsujh LVksu] dadj ctjh vkSj bZV feV~Vh
izeq[k gSaA
buds vuqlkj eslsujh LVksu dk mRiknu
nkSlk fty esa esa lokZf/kd viz|ku [kfut ls
izkIr gksrh gS] ftldh dher yk[kksa esa gS vkSj
vkSlr jkstxkj izkIr O;fDr izfrfnu eslsujh
LVksu ds mRiknu ls vf/kd gksrk gSA
bl lkj.kh esa [kfut inkFkksZ dh fcØh dh
2014&15 dh okLrfod n'kk n'kkZ;h xbZ gSA
iz|ku [kfut esa nkSlk ftys esa flfydk ysM dk mRiknu
dHkh c<+rk gS] rks dHkh ?kVrk gS] ij o"kZ 2012&13 esa lokZf/kd
6034-35 eS- Vu jgkA
viz|ku [kfutksa esa eslsujh LVksu dadj ctjh] ekcZy
CykWd] [k.M rFkk bZV feV~Vh [kfutksa dks mRiknu o"kZ 2012&13
esa lokZf/kd jgkA
ufn;k¡ vkSj ck¡/k %
nkSlk t;iqj lhek ij pk¡njkuk ck¡/k gS] ftldk vksoj&¶yks
ikuh cgdj ftys esa izos'k djrk gS] ftls ^^ck.kxaxk unh** ds
uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA ;g unh nkSlk rglhy ds mÙkjh {ks= ls
gksrh gqbZ fldjk;] clok rglhy dh lhek ls xqtjrh gSA egqok
rglhy dks yxHkx nks fgLlksa esa ckaVrh gqbZ Hkjriqj ftys esa
izos'k dj tkrh gSA nkSlk rglhy ds vkl&ikl dks igkfM+;ksa ls
lw;Zukyk dk mn; gksrk gS] tks ck.ks dk cj[ksM+k xzke ds vkxs
ck.kxaxk us foyhu gks tkrk gSA
blh izdkj ^^[kkj.Mh unh** [kokjko th dh igkfM+;ksa ls
fudyrh gSA bl unh ij dkykW[kkas esa ,d ck¡/k cuk gqvk gSA
bldk ikuh vksoj ¶yks gksdj fldUnjk {ks= esa ck.kxaxk unh
esa cj[ksMk ds ikl foyhu gks tkrk gSA [kkj.Mh ds lekUrj gh
,d ukys dk ikuh fldjk; rglhy esa Hk.Mkjh ck¡/k ij jksdk
gqvk gSA ftldk vksoj&¶yksa dks ^lkWok unh** ds uke ls tkuk
tkrk gSA ;g nkSlk rglhy ds mrjh {ks= ls xqtjrh gqbZ
ckanhdqbZ rglhy ds nf{k.k esa gksrh gqbZ] egok clok lhek ij
ck.kxaxk esa foyhu gks tkrh gSA ^<w¡< unh** nkSlk ds ykylksV
esa ;g eksjsy esa fey tkrh gSA
Ø-
la- mi[k.M rglhy
dLcksa
dh
la[;k
tux.kuk xzkeksa dh la[;k tula[;k
2011
vkckn xSj
vkckn dqy ;ksx
1- nkSlk nkSlk 1 131 3 134 264105
2- ukaxy
jktkorku
ukaxy
jktkorku 0 68 2 70 94881
3- ukaxy
jktkorku yok.k 0 54 2 56 61951
4- fldjk; fldjk; 0 140 0 140 260484
5- ykylksV ykylksV 1 171 11 182 234224
6- ykylksV jkex<+ 0 134 7 141 115219
7- ckanhdqbZ clok 1 246 2 248 338878
8- egqok egqok 2 165 0 165 264667
iz'kklfud bdkb;k¡ o"kZ 2015
rglhy egqok esa e.Mkoj ,oa egqok tux.kuk dLcs lfEefyr gSA
lzksr % ¼1½ dk;kZy; ftyk dysDVj ¼Hkw-v-½] nkSlkA
¼2½ tux.kuk izfrosnu 2011] jktLFkkuA
UGC Approved - Research Link - An International Journal-164 Vol-XVI (9) November-2017 59
nkSlk dh izeq[k ifj;kstuk,¡ %
¼1½ ek/kks lkxj ck¡/k ifj;kstuk ,oa
¼2½ jsfM;ks ck¡/k ifj;kstukA
ou ,oa ou lEink %
mi ou laj{kd lkekftd okfudh nkSlk ds dk;kZy; ls
izkIr lwpukvksa ds vk/kkj ij o"kZ 2015&16 esa dqy vkPNkfnr
ou {ks= 3411-86 gSDVj Hkwfe esa miyC/k gS] ftlesa ls 13487-25
gSDVj Hkwfe vkjf{kr ou 14926-31 gSDVj esa jf{kr ou ,oa 35-82
gSDVj Hkwfe esa voxhZd`r ou miyC/k gSA ouksa ls 51-28 yk[k
:i;s dh vk; izkIr gqbZ gSA
bl rkfydk ds vuqlkj ouksa dks rhu Hkkxksa & vkjf{kr]
lajf{kr ,oa voxhZd`r esa foHkkftr fd;k gSA
buesa ls vkjf{kr] lajf{kr ,oa voxhZd`r rhuksa izdkj ds
ou {ks=ksa esa 2014&15 esa 2010&11 dh rqyuk esa c<ksrjh gqbZ gSA
blh izdkj ouksa dk v/;;u rglhykuqlkj djsa] rks ge
ikrs gSa fd lokZf/kd vkjf{kr ou vkSj dqy ouksa dk {ks=Qy
ykylksV rglhy esa ik;k tkrk gS] ogha lajf{kr ouksa dk {ks=Qy
fldjk; rglhy esa gS vkSj voxhZd`r ouksa dk {ks= lokZf/kd 35-
82 oxZ fd-eh- egqok rglhy esa ik;k tkrk gSA
tyok;q %
bl ftys dh 'kq"d tyok;q gSA xzh"e _rq dk izkjaHk ekpZ ds
vURk esa gks tkrk gS vkSj twu rd jgrk gSA twu lcls xeZ eghuk
gksrk gS] ftlesa vf/kdre rkieku 450 lsUVhxzsM jgrk gSA 'khrdky
esa vf/kdre rkieku 20 fMxzh lsUVhxzsM rd uhps mrj vkrk gS ,oa
U;wure rkieku 50 fMxzh lsUVhxzsM gks tkrk gSA
rkieku ,oa vknzZrk %
bl rkfydk ds vuqlkj nkSlk ftys dk U;wure rkieku 80
rFkk vkSlr rkieku 40 lsfUVxzsM vkSj vkSlr vknzZrk 50 lsfUVxzsM
gSA
o"kkZ %
ftys dh vkSlr o"kkZ 740-53 fe-eh- gSA ftys esa o"kZ esa
vkSlru 36 fnu o"kkZ gksrh gSA tqykbZ ekg esa lokZf/kd o"kkZ gksrh
gSA o"kZ 2015 esa okLrfod o"kkZ 424-75 fe-eh- o"kkZ fjdkMZ dh
x;h gS] tks lkekU; vkSlr o"kkZ ls 315-78 fe-eh- de gSA
bl rkfydk ds vuqlkj nkSlk ftys dh lkekU; o"kkZ
vkSj okLrfod o"kkZ lcls T;knk o"kZ 2014 esa gqbZ rFkk
lkekU; ls o`f) $41-2 gqbZ] tks fiNys o"kZ esa lokZf/kd jgk
vkSj rglhykuqlkj v/;;u esa lkekU; o"kkZ lcls T;knk
4874-70 lsUVhxszM clok rglhy esa gSA okLrfod o"kkZ 94-80
lsUVhxz sM yo.k esa gSA
fo|qr O;oLFkk %
o"kZ 2015&16 esa ekpZ 2016 rd ftys esa 1109 xzke Fks]
leLr 1083 xzke fo|qrhd`r fd;s tk pqds FksA o"kZ 2015&16
rd 214644 fo|qr miHkksDrk Fks] tcfd 2014&15 esa budh
la[;k 244326 FkhA bl izdkj vkyksP; o"kZ esa fo|qr miHkksDrkvksa
esa 13-83 izfr'kr dh o`f) ntZ dh xbZA
ty iznk; %
ftys esa uxjh; ,oa xzkeh.k {ks= esa fofHkUu izdkj dh ty
iznk; ;kstukvksa ds ek/;e ls is;ty miyC/k djk;k tk jgk
gSA
¼1½ 'kgjh ty iznk; ;kstuk %
nkSlk ftys ds 'kgjh {ks= esa is;ty gsrq ikuh eq[;r% ikbi
ykbuksa ds ek/;e ls forfjr fd;k tk jgk gSA 'kgjh {ks=ks esa 96
uydwi] 882 gS.MiEi] 3 [kqys dqvksa }kjk izfrfnu ty forj.k
gksrk gSA
¼2½ xzkeh.k is;ty ;kstuk,¡ %
ftys esa xzkeh.k {ks=ksa esa fofHkUu izdkj dh is;ty ;kstukvksa
ds ek/;e ls ty miyC/k djk;k tk jgk gSA
i;ZVu %
ftys esa i;ZVu dks c<+kok nsus gsrq leqfpr /;ku fn;s
tkus dh vko';drk gS] tcfd i;ZVu dh n`f"V ls ftyk
eq[;ky; ij igkMh ds Åij uhyd.M egknso dk HkO; efUnj
LFkkfir gSA blh izdkj xqIrs'ojth] lgtukFkth] cStukFkth ds
efUnj LFkkfir gSA blds vfrfjDr tSu efUnj] lwQh lUr
gtjr lgteky dh njxkg Hkh n'kZuh; LFky gSA ftyk eq[;ky;
ds vfrfjDr jk"Vªh; [;krh izkIr esagnhiqj ckykth efUnj]
>k>hjkeiqjk] vkHkkrsjh] Hk.Mkjst vkfn izfl) /kkfeZd ,oa ,sfrgkfld
LFky gSA
lM+d o ifjogu %
nkSlk ftyk jk"Vªh; jktekxZ la[;k&11 ij fLFkr gksus ds
dkj.k lMd ,oa ifjogu dh n`f"V ls viuk fof'k"V egRo
j[krk gSA ftys esa o"kZ 2015&16 esa lM+d dh dqy yEckbZ
3697-32 fd-eh- Fkh] ftlesa ls Mkejhd`r 3417-51 fd-eh-]
/kkfRod 36-91] xzsoy ,oa dadjhV ,oa lhesUV 211-05] dPps
jkLrs 31-85] us'kuy gkbZo 176-20] ftyk lMds 738-81 ,oa
LVsV gkbos 162-03 fd-eh- xzkeh.k lMds 2491-13 fd-eh- 'kgjh
lMdsa 129-15 fd-eh- gSA bu lMdksa ls 971 xzke ,oa 234
xzke&iapk;r eq[;ky; tqMs+ gq, gSaA
Hkwfe mi;ksx %
ftys dk HkkSxksfyd {ks=Qy 341428 gSDVj gS] ftlesa ls
2015&16 esa 23364 gSDVs;j {ks= esa ou fo|eku gSA 19915
gSDVs;j Hkwfe xSj&df"k mi;ksx gsrq iz;ksx dh tk jgh Fkh rFkk df"k
v;ksX; Hkwfe 13650 gSDVj ,oa pkyw iM+r Hkwfe 9147 gSDVj jgh]
o"kZ U;wure
rkieku
vkSlr
rkieku
vkSlr vknZrk
¼ls-xzsM½
2015 80
lsUVhxszM 40
lsUVhxszM 50
lsUVhxszM
lzksr % dk;kZy; ekSle foKku foHkkx] t;iqj
1- okLrfod o"kkZ fe- eh- 2015&16 424-75
2- lkekU; vkSlr o"kkZ fe- eh- 2015&16 740-53
1- 'kqn is;ty ls tqMs xzkeksa dh la[;k 2015&16 1079
2- 'kqn is;ty ls tqMs 'kgjksa dh la[;k 2015&16 5
xzkeh.k is;ty ;kstuk,¡
ty iznk;
UGC Approved - Research Link - An International Journal-164 Vol-XVI (9) November-2017 60
LFkkbZ pkjkxkg ,oa pjkxkg Hkwfe 25616] miou] Qy] m|ku 198
gSDVs;j jgh gSA
o"kZ 2014&15 ds vUrxZr dqy HkkSxksfyd {ks=Qy 341428
gSDVs;j esa ls 26185 gSDVs;j esa ou 19894 gSDVs;j Hkwfe xSj&df"k
mi;ksx gsrq rFkk df"k v;ksX; Hkwfe 13812 gSDVs;j jgh gSA pkyw iM+r
Hkwfe 8125 gSDVs;j ,oa LFkkbZ pkjkxkg rFkk pjkxkg Hkwfe 25616
miou] Qy] m|ku vUrxZr 249 gSDVs;j jgh gSA
Qlyksa ds vUrxZr {ks=Qy ,oa mRiknu %
o"kZ 2015&16 ds nkSjku 'kq) cks;k x;k {ks=Qy 228214
gSDVs;j jgk] tcfd ,d ls vf/kd okj cks;k x;k {ks=Qy
148611 gSDVs;j ,oa leLr cks;k x;k {ks=Qy 376825 gSDVs;j
jgkA tcfd xr o"kZ 2014&15 esa 'kq) cks;k x;k {ks=Qy
228226 gSDVs;j Fkk] ,d ckj ls vf/kd cks;k x;k {ks=Qy
152028 gSDVs;j ,oa leLr cks;k x;k {ks=Qy 380254 gSDVs;j
Fkk] bl izdkj o"kZ 2014&15 dh rqyuk esa o"kZ 2015&16 esa cks;s
x, {ks=Qy Øe'k% 'kq) cks;s x;s {ks=Qy esa 12 gSDVs;j dh deh
,oa leLr cks;s x;s {ks=Qy esa 3429 gSDVs;j dh deh ,oa ,d
ls vf/kd ckj cks;s x;s {ks=Qy esa 3417 gSDVs;j dh deh gqbZA
ftys dh eq[; Qlyksa ds vUrxZr [kjhQ ekSle esa
eDdk] cktjk] Tokj] ewWx rFkk jch ds nkSjku xsg¡w] tkS] puk] o
ljlksa cks;h tkrh gSA xsg¡w dk o"kZ 2015&16 ds vUrxZr
99613 gSDVj {ks= esa 328410 eS- Vu mRiknu jgk] tcfd o"kZ
2014&15 esa 103644 gSDVs;j {ks= esa 315140 eSfVªd Vu jgkA
blls Li"V gSa fd o"kZ 2015&16 esa xsg¡w ds cqckbZ {ks= esa 4-04
izfr'kr dh deh jgh rFkk mRiknu esa 4-04 izfr'kr dh deh
jghA bl izdkj puk mRiknu o"kZ 2015&16 ds nkSjku 11181
gSDVs;j {ks= esa 12936 eSfVªd Vu jgkA bl izdkj 2014&15
esa 18919 gSDVs;j {ks= esa pus mRiknu 17908 eSfVªd Vu dh
rqyuk esa pus ds {ks=Qy esa 40-90 izfr'kr dh ,oa mRiknu esa
27-76 izfr'kr dh deh ntZ dh x;hA
flapkbZ ds lzksr %
v/;;u ls Li"V gS fd o"kZ 2010&11 ls 2014&15 rd
flapkbZ {ks= esa fujUrj of) gksrh pyh tk jgh gSA nkSlk esa flapkbZ
esa c<+ksrjh djus esa rkykc vkSj vU; lk/kuksa dh Hkwfedk de gSA
ijUrq dq,a@uydwi o ugjsa dk egRoiw.kZ LFkku gS] ftlls nkSlk
ftys ftyk d`f"k esa mUufr dj jgk gSA
dq,a@uydwi dk lg;ksx rks lHkh rglhyksa esa fn[kkbZ nsrk
gS] ijUrq ugjksa }kjk flapkbZ dk izHkko clok vkSj nkSlk rglhyksa
esa cuh ugjksa ds dkj.k iznf'kZr gksrk gSA rglhykuqlkj flapkbZ
}kjk mRiknu esa izFke LFkku egqok rglhy] f}rh; LFkku ykylksV
rglhy vkSj r`rh; LFkku fldjk; rglhy dk vkrk gSA
bu lHkh rglhyksa esa dq,a@uydwi rks flapkbZ ds egRoiw.kZ
lk/ku ds :i esa mHkjs gSaA
1- dqy HkkSxksfyd {ks=Qy 341428
2- ou {ks= 23364
3- df"k gsrq miyC/k Hkwfe 19915
4- LFkk;h pkjkxkg ,oa xkspj Hkwfe 25616
5- fofo/k o{k Qlysa rFkk o{k daqt tks
ckas;k x;k fupy {ks- lfEefyr gS 198
6- df"k v;ksX; Hkwfe oMr catj lfgr 13812
7- 'kq} cks;k x;k {ks=Qy 228214
8- ,d ls vf/kd ckj cks;k x;k {ks=- 148611
9- Lkdy cks;k x;k {ks=Qy 376825
10- izfr gSDVj vkSlr mRiknu 1337
¼v½ [kk|kUu 1426
¼c½ frygu 1248
11- flapkbZ e sa mi;ksx fy;s x;s iailsV 0
12- tksr dk vkSlr vkdkj 0
o"kZ 2015&16 dh fLFkfr gsDVs;j esa
UGC -APPROVED - JOURNAL