Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Presented by: Helen Cuiyun Zhao

Outline

Background of Dye-sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs)

Synthesis of Ruthenium dye-sensitizer

Characterization in photo-electrochemistry

Development of DSSC Modules

12 Principles of Green Chem.

Conclusion

Irradiation of the Sun

Chem. Rev. 2010, 110, 6595–6663

Composition of DSSC

The DSSC device consists of 4 components:

semiconducting electrode • n-type TiO2 and p-type NiO

Dye-sensitizer• Light harvesting and electronic transition

Redox mediator• I- / I3

- or CoII / CoIII complexes

Counter electrode• Carbon or Pt

Chem. Rev. 2010, 110, 6595–6663

Dye-sensitizers

Mechanism

RuN

N

NN

O

OO

N

O

O

O OH

O

OH

CB -0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

E (

V)

vs

NH

E

S0/S+

S*

e-

e-

e-

e-

Red OxMediator

Voc

EF +

Energy Levels of DSSC

Chem. Rev. 2010, 110, 6595–6663

Synthesis

N N

S SRu

Cl

Cl

ClRu

Cl

N N

F

F

HOOCCOOH

+ +/ Ar / 4hrs

excess of NH4NCS

N

N

S

S

NN

F

F

HOOC

COOH

Ru

N

C

S

NN

F

F

HOOC

COOH

Ru

N

C

S

N

N S

OO

S

OO

N N

S

O

OS

O

O RuCl

Cl

ClRu

Cl

N N

F

F

HOOCCOOH

+ +/ Ar / 4hrs

excess of NH4NCS

JK-206

JK-207

DMF

DMF

RuCl2 dimer CNN ligandBpy ligand

Light Harvesting— UV-vis spectroscopy

Excited state chemistry-Density Functional Theory

JK-206 JK-207

LUMO +2

LUMO +1

LUMO

HOMO

HOMO +1

Electrochemistry

Validation of DSSC

Dye λ abs (nm), ε (M-1cm-1) Jsc (mA cm2) Voc FF η (%)

JK-206 391 (19800), 527 (18000) 19.63 0.74 0.72 10.39

JK-207 368 (38700), 530 (16800) 13.83 0.69 0.66 6.32

N-719 380 (13100), 520 (1300) 18.79 0.75 0.7 9.8

Development of DSSC

Glass-based DSSC Module

Flexible DSSC Module

Homemade DSSC

http://alpha.chem.umb.edu/faculty/rochford/documents/Artificialphotosynthesis-aworkshopinsolarcelldesign.pdf

12 Principles of Green Chem.

Conclusion

• DSSCs show the most promising future due to their independence, environmentally friendly, low maintenance, and low cost .

• A solar energy system can be installed in any location without a connection to a power grid.

• The initial investment is expensive. Once the use of electricity reaches to a certain point, the solar energy is free.

• After installation, there is no recurring cost and it can be used for a long time.

Thank You!