DUTCH E-MOBILITY

44
DUTCH MAGAZINE ECARTEC MUNICH 2011 CONTENT DUTCH TECHNOLOGY FACILITATES ELECTRIC DAKAR COMPETITOR VISIT THE HOLLLAND E-MOBILITY HOUSE AT HALL A5, STAND 204 DUTCH DRIVE IN AUTOMOTIVE AND SMART GRID TECHNOLOGY DTI INTRODUCES INNOVATIVE TRANSMISSIONS FOR HYBRID AND ELECTRIC VEHICLES DUTCH COMPANIES ESTABLISH KEYPOSITION AMONG SUPPLIERS OF CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURE DUTCH E-MOBILITY FROM INNOVATION TO PRACTICE

Transcript of DUTCH E-MOBILITY

D U T C H M A G A Z I N E E C A R T E C M U N I C H 2 0 1 1

CONTENT

DUTCH TECHNOLOGY FACILITATES ELECTRIC DAKAR COMPETITOR

VISIT THE HOLLLAND E-MOBILITY HOUSE AT HALL A5, STAND 204

DUTCH DRIVE IN AUTOMOTIVE AND SMART GRID TECHNOLOGY DTI INTRODUCES INNOVATIVE TRANSMISSIONS FOR HYBRID AND ELECTRIC VEHICLES

DUTCH COMPANIES ESTABLISH KEYPOSITION AMONG SUPPLIERS OF CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURE

DUTCH E-MOBILITY FROM INNOVATION TO PRACTICE

© P

hoto

: Han

nah

Ant

hony

sz R

otte

rdam

Imag

e Ba

nk |

© D

esig

n: w

ww

.den

oted

esig

n.co

m

e-mobility House

INHOUD www.twitter.com/emobility_solar

The evolution of electric mobility and smart grid in the Netherlands 8

The Netherlands setting a good pace with implementation of smart grids 11

Column Tim Kreukniet - Dutch Organization for Electric Transport 13

The New Motion continues with its pioneering work 15ABB with Epyon ready for the installation of thousands of fast chargers 15

DTI is working on innovative transmissions for hybrid and electric vehicles 16Centric Automotive develops a 200 kilowatt traction inverter 16

Logica wants to reinforce its position with IT services for electric vehicles 17AGV works on further growth and innovation 17

Dutch companies establish position as suppliers of charging infrastructure 18

Column Maarten Steinbuch - Eindhoven University of Technology 20

Dutch innovation and experiment projects 21

e-Traction Europe takes last steps in application of wheel hub motor 25TomTom works on next generation navigation for electric motorists 25

B-style & BUSiness develop a ZE low fl oor minibus 27Sycada.Green creates a platform with supporting tools for electric vehicles 27

Column Anton Wolthuis - HTAS Automotive Innovation 29

Power Motive continues missionary work for safety and back-up systems 32EMOSS starts one-stop-shop for heavy-duty electric vehicles 32

Gemco E-trucks approaching the marketing phase 35ProxEnergy introduces an energy management system for smart grid 35

E-Trucks Europe starts road tests with completely electric truck 36

Dutch companies, knowledge institutes and government authorities are working fl at out on new technologies and countless innovations in the fi eld of electric driving and smart grids. They are deeds and answers appropriate for the global push for power and mobility transition. They are deeds that will not just shape the future of the Netherlands, but the future of the entire world. A future in which the Netherlands will hopefully lead with innovations. In which dependency on fossil fuels will decrease. A future in which the Netherlands will globally play a role of crucial importance. The potential is there. The Netherlands does not just have knowledge institutes that enjoy global status, it also has companies like ABB (former Epyon), Drive Train Innovations, Logica, AllGreenVehicles, TomTom, e-Tracion, B-Style & BUSiness, Power Motive, APTS, Innosys Delft, Gemco E-Trucks, Peec-Power and many others that score high internationally. And that is without even mentioning the promising start-ups

like E-Trucks Europe, The New Motion and ProxEnergy. You can read more about them in this special English edition of the only Dutch magazine for electric mobility professionals. The sound journalism and editorial approach of this magazine sketches the full spectrum of the Dutch E-Mobility industry.

For the third year, eCarTec Münich has been the platform for presenting innovations for practice. This is the reason why we have chosen the title

‘From innovation to practice’ for this magazine. Indeed, it is up to the Dutch industry to put into practice the many new technologies and corresponding opportunities. After all, there can only really be talk of innovation once the new technical opportunities have led to market opportunities and sales. The Netherlands – present with a Holland E-Mobility House – will demonstrate during this event that they are able to transform opportunities into business.Now all that remains for me to do is to wish you, on behalf of the entire team behind our magazine E-Mobility, an enjoyable read of this special eCarTec Münich edition of our magazine and every success at the eCarTec Munich at the city of Münich. Hopefully, when you refl ect on this week, you will remember the Netherlands when you are looking for an innovative partner for your business in the e-mobility and smart grids!

Edwin Gelissen-Van Gastel / E-Mobility, editor in chief and publisher

From innovation to practice

3

Have seven hundred people from seventy-fi ve diff erent organisations drive one million electric kilometres before the end of 2013. This is the intention of the project ‘Limburg in Motion’ that is being executed by Stichting Limburg Elektrisch. Project leader Edward Bongers: ‘The technical obstacles for electric vehicles are currently disappearing at an incredible rate. Now, we need to convince people of the added value.’

ENEVATE project ‘breaks markets open’The Automotive Technology Centre (ATC) is supervising the European project ‘ENEVATE – Accelerating EMobility’, which started this year. It is ENEVATE’s objective to facilitate and support the accelerated and well-grounded introduction of electric mobility in Northwest-Europe. To achieve this goal, governments, industry, knowledge and educational institutes are working transnationally within the project. In total, there are fi fteen partners from the Netherlands, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Belgium and Ireland. The project aims to compile an inventory of the technology in relation to the vehicles, but also the electric infrastructure.

Electric Transport Centre openedThe new-style driving (Het Nieuwe Rijden) | Electric Transport Centre was officially opened at the end of August in Rotterdam. The new experience centre is to inform companies and consumers about all sorts of matters relat-ed to electric transport. In addition to the independent provision of information, all sorts and brands of electric transport can be tested. One of the main objectives is to be able to advise the thousand largest companies in the Netherlands about transport issues inside three years.

Just before the summer, the Lupo-EL, the University of Eindhoven’s electrically powered research car, won the Michelin tyres Challenge Bibendum. The Lupo-EL performed better in the acceleration and economy tests than the electric cars built by the big car manufacturers. In 3.6 seconds, the Lupo-EL had reached fifty kilometres per hour; a time only beaten by the electric sports car made by the French company Venturi. But it was consumption with which the Lupo beat all the other electric cars with a consumption that was thirty percent lower than the average of all the other participating electric cars.

Limburg Electric takes off

Electric Lupo-EL TU/e scores high

Ecars Europe works on new Emobility CentresWith the knowledge that in the coming years consumers are not yet going to purchase electric vehicles en masse, but the governments and industry are easier to persuade, Ecars Europe developed the retail concept Emobility Centre. The range is extensive; from electric bicycles to scooters and commercial vehicles in the weight classes one, two and three-and-a-half tons. The centre has Eco brand electric bicycles, Emoverty electric scooters and

Mega and Faam electric commercial vehicles. Ecars Europe hopes to expand its portfolio in the near future. Two and four-passenger vehicles are on their way in the A and B segments. The next six months will witness the opening of extra Emobility Centres. Halle in Belgium and Meerkerk and Den Bosch in the Netherlands already have a centre and new locations are soon to open in the north of the Netherlands and Belgium.

4

TU Delft designs electric super busDelft University of Technology has presented an experimental prototype of a superfast, electrically powered bus. The so-called ‘Superbus’, partly developed by professor and former astronaut Wubbo Ockels, combines speed with sustainability. The running prototype is almost as long and wide as an ordinary bus, but it is far lower, more streamlined and can

Nine million for automotive expertise centresThe ROC Ter Aa in Helmond and the Zadkine College in Rotterdam have four hundred thousand euro a year available for the next five years to establish so-called Centres for Innovative Expertise for the top field Automotive. Fontys Hogescholen and HAN are to receive one million euro annually, again for a duration of five years, for an Automotive Centre of Expertise (ACE) at higher vocational education level. The first ten ACE students have already started the ACE Talent program. A group of intrepid third-year students are to be the first to execute ‘real life’ projects concerning the ‘Electric’ theme.

TU/e has starts Automotive bachelor programme

accommodate 23 passengers. The top speed is approximately 250 kilometres an hour. The routes can be flexible, as Superbus can travel not just on high-speed tracks, but also on normal roads. Superbus can be charged by solar panels or windmills. The infrastructure needed for Superbus is much cheaper than other high-speed alternatives.

In September, Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e) started a new Automotive bachelor programme. It is the first university bachelor degree in vehicle technology in the Netherlands. The TU/e wants to educate students who can start work in the automotive industry as engineers. The programme is a course within electrical engineering, partly because electrical engineering is becoming increasingly important in modern cars.

Divaco introduces Cargohopper 2 and Alkè XTDivaco Electric Vehicles, specialised in electric vehicles for company applications, has recently added two new vehicles to its product portfolio. This concerns the Cargohopper 2.0 and the Alkè XT. Divaco has been active in the electric goods and passenger transport market for just over eight years. The products range from electric tractors to electric goods and passenger transport vehicles. Divaco is the importer for Alkè for the Benelux and Germany and is about to introduce Cargohopper to the market.

The new Alkè XT combined with a trailer forms the Cargohopper 2. The Cargohopper 2 is consequently extremely suitable for city distribution. There is space for ten euro pallets or eighteen roll containers. The trailer is equipped with eleven solar panels, increasing its range on sunny days from 200 to 260 kilometres. The Alkè XT has a maximum speed of 65 kilometres an hour, a range of 200 kilometres and a load capacity of one thousand kilograms. Next year, Divaco hopes to deliver two hundred of this type of vehicle to the market.

Tim Coronel unveils Electric Dakar BuggyAfter literally months of preparation, Tim Coronel presented the first electric Dakar Buggy to the world. At All Green Vehicles (AGV), Mr Coronel unveiled the first version of the electric McRae 4x2 Buggy. The first Dutch astronaut, Wubbo

Ockels, drove the buggy’s first few yards. AllGreenVehicles signed up as ‘main contractor’ for the realisation of the buggy, while a student team under Ockels’ management performed the necessary calculations.

5

Congratulations to MPI electric scooters. Fast growth so already the need for new premises. Its all possible in Fryslân, the fi rst in The Netherlands for electric driving and sailing. Cooperating government. Successful peers. Loyal partners. Join us!

www.drive4electric.com

Congratulations!

Range anxiety?

Sycada.green - eV Competence Center Phone: +31 (0) 20 311 6500 Internet: www.sycada-green.com

ConneCted eV SolutionS by SyCada.gReen

dRiVeR SuppoRt• online access to charging points, charge status, drive

range, trip planning and more via web and smartphone• battery scorecard with key drive and charge statistics and

advice for optimisation• intelligent charging concepts for optimisation of charge

cycles and reduced costs

Fleet SuppoRt• eV usage and performance monitoring, including driving

and charging statistics• battery Health monitoring, including aging profile and expected

remaining life prediction• eV sharing for enterprise fleets with SoC based trip planning

and EV reservation system• integration with operations for logistics support, planning

and dispatching

Please read our article on page 17 or visit www.logica.nl.

innovation + sustainability + e-mobility presents both national and international opportunities!

ATC, HTAS and HTAC merge to become AutomotiveNLFrom the 1st of January 2012, the Automotive Technology Centre (ATC), High Tech Automotive Systems (HTAS) and the High Tech Automotive Campus (HTACampus) are to join forces as a single organisation under the name AutomotiveNL, which will be managed by Paul Krieckaert. Netherlands has approximately 300 companies in this sector with a combined turnover of 16.8 billion euros and provides employment for 45,000 people.

Zero Emission Bus Transport Foundation establishedClean and affordable public buses. It is the ambition of the Zero Emission Bus Transport Foundation to submit a manifesto to the Dutch central government at the beginning of October. The Foundation has set its sights on realising zero emission bus transport in the Netherlands by 2025. The majority of the 5,000 buses in public transport in the Net-herlands utilize combustion motors with harmful emissions. ‘Busses that are propelled with electricity and don’t utilize a combustion engine, don’t do this and we want to bring about their use’, says the foundation chair Marijke van Haaren.

Burton reveals electric sports carTo mark its 10th anniversary, the Dutch car manufacturer Burton has developed the first Dutch electric sports car. The ‘Burton-Electric’ has a twenty-five kilowatt electromotor and only weighs seven hundred and fifty kilograms. The new Burton Electric is currently the world’s most sustainable sportscar. Build on the chassis’ of a Citroën 2CV, the Burton is equipped with 31 lithium-iron-phosphate batteries that provide a safe

Friesland plucks the fruits of stimulation programme Drive4ElectricIn the Dutch province of Friesland, under the banner of Drive4Electric cross-sector, innovation is taking place involving electric two-wheelers, car and boats. Drive4Electric has been initiated by the municipality of Leeuwarden and the province of Friesland’s stimulation programme for electric mobility. In 2011, there were

about ten stakeholders and a few dozen participating companies. ‘It isn’t just electric vehicles that are in popular use within the province – we also have more than 1,000 electric vessels and we want to grow to 3,000 by 2015 – and, on top of this, innovation is in full swing’, relates project leader Hans Verwijs.

With his company ‘De Stille Boot’ (the silent boat), Anton van Wijk has been actively involved in electric sailing for the last six years. ‘We manufacture electric vessels ourselves and import a number of models from France and the United States’, explains Van Wijk. ‘It’s our ambition to contribute to our industry’s objective of no longer supplying a single Dutch yacht with a diesel engine by 2050, in other words only marketing electric vessels. De Stille Boot wants to be a serious player in this market. We’re developing and supplying components and axel less motors.’

A company that focu ses on innovation at the cutting edge of electric powered sailing and motoring is MG Electronics. The company, located in Leeuwarden, develops advanced battery packs and smart control systems. ‘Our strength lies in the combination of these two in a modern lithium-ion battery system with an integrated battery management system’, explains Gerard

van der Schaar. ‘We’re focusing on both the automotive and maritime markets. We hope to be able to actually supply the first systems by the beginning of 2012.’

More information about Drive4Electric is available through the website www.drive4electric.nl

storage of energie. One of the unique qualities of the Burton Electric is that it remain a very light car, weighing in at about 740 kg. Especially for electric cars is true to say that each additional kilo goes at the expense of range, the distance that can be driven on a full charge. In a short while there will be a conversion kit available, that will let everyone build or convert their fuel burning Burton into a Burton Electric.

7

The evolution of electric mobility and the smart grid landscape in the Netherlands

Over the last few years, the Netherlands has earned an excellent position in the fi eld of research and application of electric mobility and smart grids. The Netherlands is internationally recognized as the testing ground for electric vehicles and for its pioneering work in the fi eld of research and development. The evolution of electric mobility and the smart grid landscape in the Netherlands is evident from start-ups like ProxEnergy, The New Motion, AllGreenVehicles, E-trucks Europe, EMOSS and Gemco E-trucks; as well as through the presence of internationally renowned players like Sycada.Green, APTS, Power Motive, TomTom, Logica, NAVTEQ, Philips Innovation Services and Benteler Engineering Services.

From signifi cant innovations regarding high performance and mobility services to the development of entirely new possibilities such as (fast) charging points and electric drive trains, the Dutch landscape covers a broad spectrum that includes materials and processes, devices and systems. Research and development is taking place at universities of technology in Eindhoven, Delft and Twente, as well as at the leading international energy research institutes ECN, TNO and at the Dutch Polymer Institute. Large companies like

TomTom, NXP, Benteler Engineering Services, NAVTEQ, Philips Innovation Services and Tyco Electronics also have extensive research programmes and R&D centres. The collaboration between these research institutes and private companies is strong and has led to numerous technology spin-off s, such as Innosys Delft and Drive Train Innovations.The increasing interaction and synergy in research and development between the Netherlands and two of its neighbouring countries, Belgium and Germany, in both R&D

and trade is a tremendous boost for the Dutch industry. We are likely to witness a sustainable economic miracle in Germany during the next decade. The German government is supporting its industry with an investment of 1 billion euro in electric mobility. Although a similar investment is not likely in the Netherlands, Dutch industry will benefi t signifi cantly from the German investment. Mostly through their presence in the German market and through cooperation with German companies and knowledge institutes.

8

The technology infrastructure includes:

Research Institutes:• Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN)• Dutch Innovation Centre for

Electric Road Transport (D-incert)• TÜV Rheinland• Dutch Polymer Institute• The Netherlands Organization for

Applied Scientific Research (TNO Automotive)

Universities• Delft, Eindhoven and Twente (united in D-incert and

enhanced with the Universities of Applied Sciences in Rotterdam and Arnhem-Nijmegen)

The physical infrastructure contains:• RDM Campus, Rotterdam• High Tech Automotive Campus, Helmond• High Tech Campus Eindhoven• TU/e Campus, Eindhoven• Knowledge park Twente• Green Campus TU Delft

Leading companies within the Dutch automotive, energy and high-tech industry:• TomTom, NXP, Benteler Engineering Services, NAVTEQ,

Philips Lightning, DAF Trucks, Duvedec, VDL, Centric T-Solve, APTS, Logica and Tyco Electronics

• Start-ups like All Green Vehicles (AGV), Heliox, ProxEnergy, EMOSS, E-Tracion Europe, E-Trucks Europe, PEEC-Power, Innosys Delft, Peec-Power and Gemco E-trucks

Overview Dutch electric mobility and smart grid landscape

Nevertheless, the Dutch government does recognise the importance of electric mobility and smart grids for the creation of a sustainable society and supports and encourages the use of electric vehicles through incorporating this in its long-term energy policy. Under the banner of the nationally initiated innovation programme High Tech Automotive Systems (HTAS), multiple projects are focused on development and innovation. HTAS unites the Dutch automotive industry around two focus areas: vehicle

efficiency and driving guidance with the respective goals of reducing fuel consumption by 20 percent and travelling time by 25 percent. Together, industry, education institutes and the government have invested in excess of 250 million euro in the current programme (started in 2006) up until the first quarter of 2012. The biggest area of innovation is Electric Vehicle Technology with a budget of over 80 million euro and 15 projects regarding system innovations for electric vehicles, infrastructure and operations (also see page 21 and further).

Formula E-teamJust a few weeks ago, the Dutch government presented an important document, ‘Electric Driving in gear 2011-2015’, and this is likely to become a seedbed for many more start-ups. This plan is intended to ensure that there are 20,000 electric vehicles on the road in the Netherlands by 2015. The plan details that by 2013 there should be 10,000 public charging points and 50 fast charging points. Subsequently, in 2020, there should be 200,000 electric vehicles and by 2025 this number should have risen to 1,000,000. It is well known that it is the Formula E-team that is leading the implementation of electric mobility in the Netherlands, through facilitating breakthroughs in electric transport infrastructure, batteries and availability. This team comprises private companies, knowledge institutions and the government, who work together under the chairmanship of prince Maurits of Orange. The Formula E-team stakeholders hope that the plan will strengthen and expand the ecosystem for electric mobility in the Netherlands. An ecosystem with sufficient resilience to engage in an internationally meaningful role. The plan makes insights immediately applicable with regard to knowledge, competencies, networks and improvement options in the field of electric mobility technologies and corresponding company strategies. Meanwhile, the local authorities – mentioned by the Formula E-team as ‘focus areas’ – also recognize the importance of electric mobility and smart grids for the creation of a sustainable society and support and encourage the use of electric vehicles through integrating this in its long-term energy policy. Consequently, many innovative projects receive financial support. For example, the province of Noord-Brabant has provided an injection of 2.8 million through eight innovation projects (see page 20 and further) and is preparing to invest another 10 million euro. In brief, electric mobility and the smart grid landscape in the Netherlands have blossomed in a way we could have never imagined.

9

HTASThe Dutch national innovation program for the automotive sector, including an Electric Vehicle Technology line. www.htas.nl

ATCThe network organization with focus on clustering and knowledge transfer for the Dutch automotive sector. www.atcentre.nl

HTACampusAn attractive environment with growing facilities for the development of e-mobility. www.htacampus.nl Join us to give e-mobility a boost!

E-mobilityThree partners, one goal

Offering innovation, business and knowledge of automotive technology in an attractive, high-quality environment.

HTAS 016 adv.210x297mm 42DEF.indd 1 15-11-2010 13:52:44

With the knowledge that electric transport is hurtling towards us at an unprecedented speed, the corresponding consequences are approaching us at a comparable rate. According to Jan Peters – director of Asset Management at Enexis (the Netherlands’ largest network operator) – one of the most pressing matters that needs to be included on the proverbial roadmap is the mobile smart grid. ‘The complete system of smart interaction between electric cars, network and generation facilities. The mobile smart grid has to be able to cope with peak demand. On the one hand, because at certain times the energy consumption will be much higher due to the charging of electric vehicles than the grid can cope with and, on the other, because the new world of solar and wind power generate power when they feel inclined. You need to be able to store excess power. This power could be stored in electric cars. Through smart investment in the electricity network and actually creating a mobile smart grid balanced to the market demand, grid and generation capacity, you can avoid the investment in infrastructure running into billions.’

RoadmapThe Dutch cabinet recently created an important grant scheme to accelerate the development of smart grids. Within the scope of the Smart Grids Innovation

The Netherlands setting a good pace with the implementation of smart gridsThat intelligent grids, electric vehicles and sustainable energy are inextricably linked is abundantly clear to the average professional active in the EV sector. However, the first smart grids still have to be created both inside and outside Europe. Within the Netherlands, a number of test beds with the first generation of smart grids are soon to open. And the first companies that offer products and services in this field are to start.

Programme, the minister responsible - Maxime Verhagen - has made sixteen million euro available for a number of test beds that are to generate the first generation of smart grids. ‘The grants that are up for grabs could provide the necessary impetus for entrepreneurs to engage seriously with smart grids,’ says Martijn Bongaerts, chair of the Smart Grids project for the Netbeheer Nederland (Dutch Network Operators) industry body. As the Dutch Network Operators industry body, Netbeheer Nederland produced a roadmap last year to facilitate the arrival of the smart grids, containing points for action and tangible projects. Bongaerts about the roadmap: ‘The basis of the roadmap is the vision that smart grids aren’t an end in themselves, but a means to facilitate energy transition. Smart grids are necessary to keep the energy system affordable and efficient. There are three central themes for the optimum fulfilment of consumer demand: comfort, freedom and privacy. After all, you never want to have to say to a customer: ‘you can’t presently charge your car or you can’t upload your solar power to the grid’. The roadmap has formed the basis for the test bed that is now to be subsidised by central government. The test beds don’t just form a basis for acquiring new knowledge, but also a starting point for companies to experience how they - as a united Dutch industry - can turn smart grids into an economy of its own.’

‘Smart grids aren’t an end in themselves, but a means to facilitate energy transition’

11

Where innovation starts

High Tech Automotive region Eindhoven

System oriented education and research• Smart mobility concepts

• Clean, efficient & smart vehicle technology

Join the future of Automotive!

Undergraduate Program• Bachelor of Science Automotive

Graduate Program Automotive Systems• Master of Science Automotive Technology

• Post-Master Automotive Systems Design• PhD program Automotive

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

More info: [email protected] - www.tue.nl/smartmobility

The BEV myth is history

Thomas Mann, the German sociologist and philosopher who lived a significant time in Munich, stated that history is born from the myth. In his views a myth is an imagination of the public, which still envision and old picture/frame/event, while time elapsed and the world changed. There are plenty examples, for instance; the perception that the US is still the most dominant economic power in the world, that Ajax is a top European football club, or that individual mobility can only happen with an internal combustion engine (ICE). The popular EV myth is that it cannot work; too expensive, not enough radius, charging time takes too long and the list continues. Nevertheless research has shown that the majority of the world travels less than 80 kilometers per day. That their vehicle is primarily in the same geographical locations. And lastly that an increasing number of business concepts with electric vehicles reduce individual transportation cost.

The electric vehicle industry stands not by itself, but has points of contact with four industries that previously were separated. Apart from the energy and automotive industry, it also makes use of infrastructure and IT innovations. While political will is necessary to speed up the implementation of the electric vehicle it cannot be done without technical innovation. The eCarTec is an advanced view in today’s automotive possibilities, and the critical viewer sees that this is a place were the myth of the ICE as only solution is becoming history. The innovations on display create business on both sides of the coin. On the production sight innovations create new manufacturing possibilities, the other side focuses on implementation towards the end-user.

Within the Netherlands both these sides are adequately represented. The majority of the manufacturing automotive companies can be found in the south. In a cluster of 400 companies surrounding the automotive

campus, a high percentage of these companies focus on technical innovation. Implementation towards the end-user is scattered throughout the country, but companies and initiatives are well connected. Not only through the Dutch Organization for Electric Transport (DOET), but also physical as all battery electric vehicles (BEV’s) can charge on already more than 1500 charging stations in the Netherlands. This might appear easy, but with 8 different parties that place (semi-)public infrastructure it is the first taken hurdle towards a functioning market model.

Electric transport is a part of the solution for inner-city air quality problems. This is especially true for the Netherlands, as eight of the ten biggest cities will violate the 2015 EU-5 emission norms for air-quality. In order to solve these problems municipalities should invest in changing heavy polluters into clean zero emission vehicles. These are taxis, local distribution cars, and scooters. All can be interchanged for an electric vehicle. Furthermore, as space is becoming scarcer and parking problems are becoming bigger an increasing number of people will no longer own a car, but share it. Car-sharing is an upcoming concept and it is increasingly linked with the BEV as on average people only use it for short distances. Internationally the most well known example is the Car2go project.

For the upcoming years electric city transport will experience the biggest growth rate, as the mythical limitations of the BEV are not applicable. Technical innovation will make the use of EV more effective; drive trains will become better, charging times shorter and batteries better. When you need a car, you make a reservation with your smartphone or let your agenda calculate the fastest route. Recreating the past is impossible; so let’s make history.

Tim Kreukniet,Dutch Organization for Electric Transport (DOET)

13

Automotive

Logo in FC:Grijs: C=0 / M=17 / Y=34 / K=62Rood: C=0 / M=100 / Y=100 / K=0Goud: C=0 / M=10 / Y=100 / K=10Zwart: C=0 / M=0 / Y=0 / K=100

_ +InnosysDelft BV

OPGERICHT 1811

AKKERMANSCARROSSERIE

YOUR RIDE is OUR DRIVE

CROSSOVER BETWEEN AUTOMOTIVE, HIGH-TECH AND GRID SECTORS MADE POSSIBLE THANKS TO BOM

The business community, higher education and government are all taking the future of electric mobility seriously. Ten recent experimental projects resulted in over 100 new jobs for ICT, R&D and other personnel.

BOM was instrumental to this process, creating the specialist clusters required for the work. This was just the jump start needed to promote the use of electric vehicles and smart grids.

We at BOM believe that electric mobility represents the future. Our programs in this area complement existing aims with regard to encouraging innovation, not just in Brabant but

across the southern Netherlands as a whole.

Projectpartners:

Goirlese Weg 15, 5026 PB Tilburg Postbus 3240, 5003 DE TilburgT 088-83 111 20 F 088-83 111 21 E [email protected] I www.bom.nl

Crossover essential to electric mobility

Adv.E-mobilityMag186x267.indd 2 06-10-11 15:22

More than two and half years ago, Alef Arendsen established The New Motion with Ritsaart van Montfrans. Since this time, the company has done everything in its power, as a Mobility Service Provider, to facilitate the large-scale introduction of electric transport in the Netherlands. In the meantime, the company has received requests from large companies including various car manufacturers – like Nissan, Opel and Fisker – to supply its services for their electric motorists, from battery monitoring to the installation of charging points and even the organisation of replacement transport when necessary.

Subscriptions ‘We’re focusing more and more on the realisation of a charging infrastructure with national coverage’, explains Arendsen. ‘In the Netherlands, there are a large number of parties actively involved in the installation of charging points. The interoperability has been organised, but there is not yet a party that offers a solution that allows every user physical access to each charging point. Which is why we’re working on a proposition through which electric motorists could make use of any charging point in the Netherlands; irrespective of whether it’s a privately owned, semi-

The New Motion is one of the Dutch leaders in the provision of services to facilitate electric transport. Whenever something to do with electric transport is going on in the Netherlands, The New Motion is always present.

The New Motion continues with its pioneering work

public or a public charging point. We’re going to facilitate this using an IT platform developed this year. Above all, we have been working hard with the likes of ABB (formerly Epyon) this year on the establishment of a fast-charge network. The first thirty fast-charging points will soon be operational.’Arendsen is convinced that it is essential that charging is as simple as possible for the consumer. ‘We’re planning to offer subscribers a guarantee that they can always find a free charging point and, in doing so, remove the fears about electric motoring. These are not just subscriptions to provide charging point access, but also subscriptions that provide for their own dedicated charging point at home or at the office. You could best compare this to a telecommunication subscription that includes the telephone itself.’

‘The joint objective of the various stakeholders is to have between four and five thousand regular charging points in the Netherlands by the end of next year’, continues Arendsen. ‘It is during this period that we plan to perfect our subscription model proposition within the Netherlands. Following this, in the second half of 2011, we’re going to investigate the possibility of

exploiting our platform abroad. Our trump card is that, within Europe, we are one of the first commercial companies actively working on such a proposition.’

‘ABB had only limited activities in the field of fast chargers until it acquired Epyon. Somewhat taken aback by the speed at which the market developments took place, they saw the acquisition of Epyon as an ideal springboard’, says Crijn Bouman (joint founder of Epyon), vice-president Business Development at ABB for the product group EV/Charging Infrastructure. ‘From the 1st of September, Epyon will only exist as a so-called ingredient brand and we’re now a complete part of ABB.’

Tenders‘In a single swoop, we’ve acquired 300 sales offices’, continued Bouman. ‘Where at first we could only work the European market, we can now immediately target the American and Asian markets, too. The scaling up to mass production was already in full swing. We can now supply fast chargers from stock and, by the end of this year, we’ll be able to finish twenty fast chargers a week.’Sketching us a picture of the future, Bouman says: ‘We intend to

ABB with Epyon ready for the installation of thousands of fast chargers

win a number of large tenders next year and to place thousands of fast chargers in the worldwide market. We want to remain ahead of the major electronics manufacturers. Because the competitive landscape is changing so rapidly, it was necessary for us to scale up through ABB.’ Bouman believes that the greatest challenge is maintaining roll-out speed. ‘Both with regards to the system and supply of units, we have to continuously scale up in terms of costs and lead times. As well as this, in the near future, we’ll also be launching a DC charging system for domestic use. This is a so-called semi-fast charger in which the vehicle can be charged within one and a half to two hours. We’re also making the switch from AC to DC, because more and more information has to be included in the charging systems. It’s becoming increasingly clear that IT is the crucial component in the charging infrastructure. We’ll be demonstrating our web-based management system for the charging infrastructure – called Galaxy – live at eCarTec.’

Just before the summer, it was announced that ABB had acquired Epyon. Established in 2005, Epyon develops and manufactures direct current fast chargers. These charge electric vehicles in as little as fifteen minutes. Above all, the systems and software enable the owner of the fast charger to maintain an overview regarding the status and needs of the fast charger, the appropriate invoicing and administrative requirements.

Alef Arendsen

Crijn Bouman

15

Alex Serrarens, Roël van Druten and Bas Vroemen gained their PhDs at Eindhoven University of Technology in 2001. The threesome established Drive Train Innovations (DTI) and this high-tech R&D company focuses on the design of innovative transmissions and hybrid drives.

DTI is working on innovative transmissionsfor hybrid and electric vehicles

An inverter is a central control unit for the motor in an electric car. The inverter, which controls the motor through continuously switching between the battery and the motor, is in direct contact with the driver. This allows the driver to give instructions: accelerate or brake. The inverter forms the heart of the drive system. In the development of an inverter like this, relatively high voltages are encountered (up to 750 Volt). ‘The inverter we have developed comprises a Powerstage (PS), for transferring the power from the battery to the motor (power supply) and, on the other side, a Motor Control Unit (MCU)’, explains Heersink. ‘The MCU is an embedded hardware device that runs an intelligent control algorithm that controls the PS. The MCU is controlled by the Drive Control Unit (DCU). This DCU that, through adaptation of the software, needs to be optimised for each specific vehicle sends commands from the driver, after processing, to the MCU. During braking, the MCU

Centric Automotive develops a 200 kilowatt traction inverter

During the last two years, Centric Automotive has worked intensively on the development of a 200 kilowatt traction inverter. The subsidiary of Centric TSolve is specialised in the deve-lopment of reliable drive solutions for hybrid and completely electric vehicles and boats, and making them production ready. ‘This traction inverter is the fi rst of many innovative applications for electric vehicles’, relates business manager Gerrit Heersink.

changes the motor automatically into a dynamo, so that the braking energy is returned to the battery.’

Certifi cation‘The inverter is the heart of the drive trains that we, together with our partners, supply for electric passenger vehicles and goods transport from three and a half tons’, continues Heersink. ‘We started the development of the inverter in 2009, once we had purchased the intellectual property rights from an existing company. One of the biggest advances that we had to achieve was to perfect both the hardware and software. Now, two years on, we’ve developed our own box with hardware and software and a corresponding algorithm. The fi rst inverters were delivered this year and the fi rst prototype vehicles are driving around. The next step is the actual fi tting in busses and acquiring automotive certifi cation, so that we can supply our inverters to the intended tier-1s and OEM’s like bus manufacturers.’

16

‘These unique systems off er signifi cant advantages such as lower costs, improved effi ciency and high drivability’, says Vroemen. ‘We sell the systems in the form of production licences to car manufacturers, transmission and system suppliers.’

Hybrid CVTAlthough DTI once focused on perfecting the Continuous Variable Transmission to reduce fuel consumption in conventional vehicles, the company now has countless spin-offs. ‘We’re currently working hard on a low-cost hybrid CVT for emerging markets like China and India to make it feasible for a large public to drive a hybrid vehicle. There are no batteries in this hybrid CVT for storing power; instead, it utilizes a steel flywheel. With a prospect of a saving of between 15 and 35 percent on the horizon.’ ‘In addition, we’re working on several drive technologies for electric vehicles’, continued Vroemen. ‘The hybrid CVT is, after all, fossil-fuel based, but with

our fully electric Twinspeed transmission we showcase a technology for electric vehicles. This transmission has two transmission ratios – which is why it is called Twinspeed – and it uses Powershift. This means that the transmission can change gear without an interruption in power taking place. Through the use of Twinspeed, the acceleration, maximum speed and range of the vehicle are improved considerably. Based on this Twinspeed transmission, we’re also working on a similar transmission for a Plugin Hybrid Electric Vehicle.’

‘In the coming year, we hope to have raised all our innovation projects to the next level’, concludes Vroemen. ‘It’s our intention to have the required demonstrators ready in 2012 for both hybrid and electric vehicles, so that in the years that follow – in 2013 and 2014 – we can take the step to market. Ultimately, we want to equip a healthy mix of both passenger and heavy-duty vehicles with our transmissions.’

‘CiMS has provided electric vehicles in the Netherlands with an important stimulus’, explains Michel Bayings, Solution Manager EV Charging with Logica Nederland. ‘The success of electric cars is partly dependent on good and user-friendly systems for paying, reserving and charging. CiMS is the service solution that we offer and, with the future in mind, interoperability is guaranteed through the open communication protocol.’

European standardNow the market for electric vehicles is growing internationally, Logica wants to grab its chance and become one of the international top players, taking a leading position. Bayings: ‘Our end-to-end systems have been made in such a way that future alterations can be incorporated. We’re already looking into the addition of extra services. Above all, it’s important to ensure that OCPP and CiMS still work when tens or even hundreds of thousands of charging points are connected. The additional challenge is to guarantee maximum availability. Finally, the verification of subscriptions is very important. With privacy

in mind, it has to be verified time and time again if the motorist who wants to charge his/her vehicle is the rightful user, without his or her identity being revealed during the charging process.’

Export‘In the coming five years, we want to become an important player in the entire EV-chain and continue in teaming up with partners’, continued Bayings. ‘This manifests itself in automotive, through intelligent systems in cars and, at the other end of the chain, in the control of charging infrastructures and smart grids. In other words, when the hype has subsided, we want to have a considerable share of the market throughout the EV-chain. All the services connected with electric vehicles will become an important export product for the whole of the Netherlands. This is because the business is not just in the vehicles. As the first country in the world, the Netherlands has managed to generate a charging network with various operators. This is something we can be rightly proud of and it’s a fantastic export product.’

Logica wants to reinforce its position in the market with IT services for electric vehicles

Logica Netherlands is the joint developer of the open communication protocol Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP). This facilitates the inclusion of charging points made by different companies and partners in the same charging infrastructure. In the meantime, Logica has marketed a corresponding charging point and customer management system, the Chargepoint Interactive Management System (CiMS). Logica’s ambitions does not stop there: in the coming five years, the company wants to become an important international player in the entire EV-chain.

AGV works on further growth and innovationAllGreenVehicles (AGV) is one of the Netherlands’ most versatile enterprises with regard to the supply of electric vehicles. The company does not just transform existing passenger vehicles into electric ones, but also develops electric commercial vehicles, trucks and buses. Above all, the company recently started the development of fast chargers to complete its portfolio.

‘We want to develop to become a propulsion specialist for electric vehicles in the coming years’, relates director Mart Noordam who, together with his son Martijn, runs the company. ‘We currently assemble completely electric vehicles ranging from 750 kilograms to 18 tons. We aren’t a conversion company but an assembly factory. We work with vehicle manufacturers who give us the opportunity to make cars electric and we employ the same manufacturers’ certification. We’ve already supplied countless commercial vehicles and trucks, but also taxis for use on the Dutch roads.’

HeartIt is AGV’s goal to get electric cars on the roads in the coming years and to acquire knowledge and ability for supplying original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) with powertrains. The secret of the success is the inverter that AGV has developed. ‘The inverter forms the heart in both passenger vehicles and our electric trucks’,

explains Noordam. ‘In addition, the battery packs are of course very important. These, after all, determine the vehicle range. We have opted for a particular combination of lithium ion batteries that maintain their properties to temperatures even five degrees below zero.’

One of the latest developments that AGV is involved in is the electric bus. Noordam: ‘The market for public transport is very interesting. We’re currently working on the development of more electric buses. An example of this is the low-floor twelve-metre long bus. The bus is fully electric and charges through induction. We are scheduled to start a pilot in Den Bosch in the near future to demonstrate that induction charging is the ultimate system for driving using electricity all day long. We have mastered this technology and we are currently testing it. We hope to convince a larger municipality to employ these electric buses as a new concession becomes available.’

17

Alfen, as a subsidiary of ICU Charging Stations, has a background in the world of power distribution. For more than 74 years, Alfen has been specialised in high, medium and low-voltage electricity. The company is part of the property and construction company TBI, with approximately 9,000 employees. ‘It was a logical step for us, at Alfen, to develop and manufacture charging points, considering our position as market leader in the manufacture of transformer substations’, says Jerry van Zundert, Sales Director for Alfen and ICU Charging Stations. ‘The transformer substations are not only essential for the operation of a charging point, but now and in the future they will form a crucial part of the smart grid.’ Historic milestoneThis year, ICU Charging Stations passed a historic milestone with the delivery of their thousandth charging point. Van Zundert: ‘What is striking is that, outside the Netherlands and Germany, a considerable market is evolving in Ireland, Belgium, Estonia and England. A benefi t for Ireland is that there is only one network operator. This operator has been instructed by the government to create a network of charging points with national coverage and, as a result, a considerable market has sprung up.’ As is the case for its international competitors, innovation is high on the organisation’s agenda at Van Zundert. ‘We performed a market scan last spring, which revealed new wishes and demands from users. These have been translated into a redesign of our charging point’s intelligence to be able to integrate future demands in the product. This concerns, for example, advanced communication technology and the option of simply adding new protocols.’ In the coming years, ICU Charging Stations will continue with the international sales of its charging points, which will take place under the slogan ‘ICU Inside’. Van Zundert: ‘This concerns supplying charging technology to manufacturers of street furniture and other entrepreneurs who believe in electric transport. After all, a charging point can be any imaginable shape. So a charging point can be incorporated into a rubbish bin. With ICU Inside, we off er manufacturers who want to market charging points the opportunity to do this, without having to invest in the technology for the electric charging of vehicles.’

The Dutch cluster for electric mobility is fortunate to count among its ranks many international top players in charging infrastructure. Epyon international attracted so much attention that it was acquired by ABB (see page 15 ). Above all, Alfen/ICU Charging Stations, Chargepoint and EV-Box are world-class top performers.

Dutch companies establish their position among the top international suppliers of charging infrastructure

An EV-Box

A Chargepoint charging station

18

PortfolioChargepoint too, just like Alfen/ICU Charging Stations, has passed the thousand charging point post. ‘From the very start, we’ve focused on the European market and not exclusively on the Netherlands’, explains Edwin de Veen, Managing Director of Chargepoint. ‘This has resulted in passing European wide – in addition to Germany and logically the Netherlands, but with Ireland as an important market too – the historic milestone of one thousand charging points. In the coming years, we want to continue this growth in an increasing number of European countries.’Chargepoint is a subsidiary of Reewoud Energietechniek, which has already earned a tremendous reputation through decades of activity in the world of power distribution. Chargepoint saw the light of day four years ago as a separate entity to provide for the new demand for charging infrastructure for electric mobility. ‘In the last few years, we’ve developed various prototypes and we now have several perfected systems in our product portfolio.’ ‘The secret behind an optimum charging point is to put all your efforts into the technology to ensure that it is ultimately very user-friendly’, adds Robert-Jan Brouwer, initiator of Chargepoint. ‘We invested a great deal of time and knowledge from Reewoud in the development of our charging points. You can’t purchase this knowledge, but you can acquire it from practical experience. Thanks to Reewoud, we have this experience in-house. ’

Bi-directionalThat Chargepoint is scoring high internationally is not just apparent from the sales, but also from its participation in European and national safety committees. The head of R&D at Chargepoint is in fact the chair of such a committee, in which Mercedes and Siemens have representatives. Brouwer: ‘We feel we have a wide social responsibility and believe it is important to take part in such committees. Above all, we have a vested interest in matters being organised internationally.’With an eye on the future, Chargepoint is currently working hard on the connection of its charging points to the smart grid. De Veen: ‘It’s extremely important that an owner,

operator or service organisation can see what is going on in a charging point. Not just for the billing, but actually from the point of view that if you measure, you know the facts. The network and the car need to communicate with each other. Bi-directional charging – recharging and returning power to the network – will steadily gain more ground. Through this, you’ll be able to use electric vehicles as a means of transport for power consumption.’

Drilling A third player on the Dutch market for charging points is EV-Box. This company, run by Huub Rothengatter and Bram van de Leur, has marketed the EV-Box since 2009. ‘The EV-Box is available as a post or wall-mounted model’, explains Rothengatter. ‘It can be used in domestic, but also in (semi)public spaces. Up until now, we’ve been very happy with the market development. Since last September, the interest from all market segments has really escalated.’‘Basically, we’re targeting the whole of Europe with the EV-Box’, adds Van de Leur. ‘In the first instance, North-West Europe because this allows uniformity in the construction of the charging point. From a technological point of view, it is a logical decision to opt for countries in this region as a potential market.’

FutureThe technology in the systems for the EV-Box will continue to develop, according to Van de Leur. ‘A recent development is, for example, the connection of charging points with our back-office through a mobile modem. This not only ensures inter-operability with regard to charging for users, but also for the possibilities for the introduction of a billing system. Payment can then take place in countless ways, from text messages to bank payments and very soon even with MiniTix. We are also working on the realisation of the first generation of smart grid. Now that the number of charging points is increasing, there won’t necessarily be enough power available at every location. Through the smart grid, we want to see which vehicles require priority when charging at such moments in time. This system is a forerunner of the future smart grid.’

A Alfen/ICU charging station

19

High-tech Automotive

Modern cars are intelligent high-tech systems. Today, over 60 on-board processors are responsible for control, supervision, interaction, navigation and communication. With the transition to new propulsion systems, the automotive industry is rapidly changing its founding base technologies and required disciplines. New developments include plug-in electric vehicles and hybrids, fast growing (wireless) communication requirements and possibilities and emerging smart mobility concepts (‘connected cars’). Hence, the focus has shifted from mechanical engineering to electronics, software and ICT. With key elements: integration, verifi cation and testing for reliable and robust operation.

In most countries, government and industry have joined forces to defi ne and initiate research programmes for new sustainable technologies: cleaner and safer cars, and reduced road congestion. The huge transition within the automotive industries towards sustainable solutions poses new challenges, to fi nd suffi cient numbers of well-educated technicians and engineers, matched properly for (future) market requirements. It is felt within Europe that this need for trained technical personnel is restricting growth, due to demographics. The challenges are: how to attract more school children into technical education, and, secondly, how best to defi ne and establish new education programmes that cater to the needs of the future market.

Automotive Network and educationWithin the Netherlands, the innovation programme High-tech Automotive Systems (HTAS) - established 6 years ago - has resulted in a number of productive research projects. The programme focussed on key technologies/challenges: vehicle effi ciency, including electrical powertrains, and the connected car. One of the successes was the realization of an EcoSystem, in the form of an Automotive Network, with the High-tech Automotive Campus in Helmond as a central hub drawing in interest. Recently, the various associations merged to become AutomotiveNL. Interestingly, part of the innovation programme High-tech Automotive Systems was devoted to the key factor in high-tech innovation: people. Education was and is seen as one of the key enablers for stimulating productivity as a nation and attracting foreign companies.

Bachelor’s and Master’s programAt Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), we now have a full range of Automotive programmes: a Bachelor’s, a Master’s and a technological design programme. The Master’s programme was the fi rst initiative and it was instigated by HTAS to educate a new generation of engineers: those who can cope with key elements in the technology paradigm shift presently occurring within the

Automotive industry. From a component to a system approach, from gears to software and ICT. This has been the motivator for the creation of the new and unique Master of Science Automotive Technology in 2008. This Master, although hosted by the department of Mechanical Engineering, is a TU/e wide Master’s programme, involving six departments and over 14 research groups. The Master is now in its fourth year and steadily growing in popularity, attracting a good number of foreign students. To encourage the multi-disciplinarity, the Master’s students follow eight obligatory courses from all the participating departments during the fi rst semester, ranging from vehicle dynamics and powertrains to human factors in automotive, real-time architectures and software systems engineering. On top of this, a system-oriented design project also supports the education of the students to overcome mono-disciplinary pitfalls. After this fi rst semester, the students specialize in one of the research directions involved. An important step forward has been the start of the new Bachelor’s programme Automotive in 2011. The Automotive bachelor’s programme includes contributions from Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering and ICT related technologies, combined with human factors and engineering design, and the responsibility is now with Electrical Engineering. In this programme, we focus on systems thinking and multi-disciplinarity, to prepare the young engineers for a future in the high-tech automotive sector.

Recently, a decision was reached at TU/e to complement the Master’s with a Professional Doctorate in Engineering (PDEng) for designers, called the Automotive Systems Design PDEng. The fi rst module of this new 2-year post-Master’s course is on systems engineering as a basic tool for the modern automotive engineer. With the Master’s and the various automotive PhD projects, this forms the Graduate Programme Automotive Systems, linking education to our Automotive research activities.

Smart and sustainable worldThe automotive sector is changing rapidly. It is (one of) the largest worldwide industries, and faces huge challenges to provide good innovative solutions for a smart and sustainable world. With our knowledge of mechatronics, embedded systems, micro-technology and high-tech systems design, we are positioned at the forefront of these technologies. We at the TU/e are proud to be part of this!

You will fi nd the Eindhoven University of Technology at the EcarTec in Hall 5, stand 204, in the Holland e-mobility House.

prof.dr.ir. Maarten SteinbuchEindhoven University of TechnologyMechanical Engineering

20

39

Since the end of last year, in the Province of Noord-Brabant, ten projects got off the ground with a grant from the provincial government based on the theme electric motoring and smart decentral networks. A total of 2.8 million euro is available for this grant scheme and it provides work for about a hundred knowledge workers. There is also an overview of this work on the coming pages (easy to identify, in the green boxes). Finally, the blue box show a summary of the national test beds that central government has made possible with a ten million euro budget. >>>

31.3 million euro is the current value of the innovation and experimental projects and test beds represented within the Netherlands involved in electric motoring and smart grids. In 2010, central government made about 18.5 million euro available for the development of electric vehicles with the national innovation programme High Tech Automotive Systems (HTAS). The fifteen innovation projects resulting from this are wide in scope and an overview of them is presented on the coming pages (easy to identify, as they are in the red boxes).

Commerce, government and institutes develop new technology and experience electric motoring in practice at a record pace

Innovation, experimentation and experience

Test beds facilitated by central government

In addition to the innovation and experimental pro-jects from the national innovation programme HTAS and the province of Noord-Brabant, nine so-called test beds have been created within the Netherlands with the assistance of a central government grant. For a period of eighteen months, experience with electric motoring is acquired. Thanks to grants, electric motor-ing is now possible on the West-Frisian island Texel, grocery shopping is now being delivered by electrically powered vehicles in Amsterdam, electric taxis are oper-ating in Utrecht and refuse is being collected by electric refuse lorries in Rotterdam. The total collective value of the grants is ten million euro. The objective of the test beds is to acquire more insight into what is required to facilitate the success of electric motoring.

Project title: E-PlatformProject leader: Gemco E-trucksOther participants: Gemco Mobile Systems,

Motio Development, HAN, Advanced Electromagnetics, Motio Development

Objective: Develop a modular platform as a basis for the development of commercial hybrid and electric vehicles

Progress: Project leader Michael van Rijen: ‘The greatest technological challenge – the development of an electromotor – has been achieved. The integration in the wheel and the high-power density make it so very special. We now dispose of a driving prototype in the form of a converted existing truck and are at work on a second prototype based on an entirely new truck. Ultimately, we’ll be able to build entire series for our own trucks and to supply third parties with a kit.’

Project title: EVIDENTProject leader: TomTomOther participants: TNO, Quipment and E-laad.nl. Objective: Development of a smart

charging system that can accurately predict the range for electric motorists

Progress: Project leader Ric Zwanenberg from TomTom: ‘We presented the first version of the commercial product at the IAA in Frankfurt mid-September. We’re now validating the results in the concluding phase of the project. Providing drivers with absolute certainty regarding range, so that they can reach their destination comfortably and remove range anxiety.’

21

Project title: E-ReFUSECoordinator: Benteler Engineering ServicesOther participants: Philips Applied Technologies and Drive Train InnovationsObjective: Research and develop a refuse truck that is able to operate in fully electric mode during refuse collectionProgress: The truck has a serial hybrid confi guration where a massively

downscaled diesel engine operates only outside the residential areas to power the electromotor and to charge the batteries. The combination of a serial hybrid architecture with an all electric zero emission drive in a heavy truck has not been implemented by anyone in the world yet. The challenge is to achieve a net positive energy balance over the complete collection refuse drive cycle. Following improvements are required: an enchanced energy & fuel effi ciency, a reduction in emissions a reduction in operational noise levels. The combination of these improvements will yield strong operational benefi ts.

Project title: CVTruc Coordinator: Gear Chain Industrial Other participants: Gemco E-trucks and Eindhoven University of

Technology Objective: Development of innovative continuous

variable drive for optimum power transfer for heavy vehicles

Project title: Smart ChargingParticipants: BetterPlace, Enexis and OranjewoudObjective: Development of a smart charging

system for electric vehiclesProgress: Jurjen de Jong: ‘We’re closing

in on our ambition to develop the world’s fi rst smart charging system. We’ve already successfully fi eld-tested fi ve vehicles and the number is soon to be scaled up. Above all, with Mr. Green Holding, a second service provider will join the project. This demonstrates the open nature of our platform. The system is already organised in such a way that on the basis of the data collected, the required electricity is interpreted in a charging plan that is updated every fi fteen minutes. This will eventually result in a single back-offi ce of Dutch network operators that communicates with the diff erent service providers.’

Project title: Electrical Charging Inverter DeviceCoordinator: HelioxOther participants: All Green Vehicles and Spierings KranenObjective: Development of a system that charges batteries and drives motors in a

compact unit combined with power electronics Progress: Heliox directors Rudi Jonkman and Mark Smidt: ‘The project is at full

throttle. We derive our knowledge and abilities from the semi-conductor and electronics industry, to develop a product based on Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Eff ect Transistors (MOSFET) and to make it suitable for automotive applications. The charging components and the power factor correction parts are almost fi nished. So that, by December, we will have a demonstration unit. This will prove the approach works, after which a period of perfecting the development will follow. At the end of 2012, beginning of 2013, we want to have a market-ripe product at our disposal.’

Dutch innovation and experiment projects

Project title: Light-weight suspension with wheel hub motor

Coordinator: Teamwork TechnologyOther participants: TU/e, Vredestein,

Lightweight Structures, Molenaar Strategy, TSI and WE Engineering

Objective: Integrated design of a complete (electric) wheel module

Project title: Databox Coordinator: Mr. Green HoldingOther participants: Technolution,

SP-Innovation, Wetac, TU Delft, TNO and Kema

Objective: Development of a system for determining the integral cost price and residual value of batteries

22

Project title: SafeBat Coordinator: KemaOther participants: Kema, TNO, NXP, AweFlex, Heliox, ARN, TTAI, TASS and TU DelftObjective: Drafting design guidelines for battery safety and End-of-Life

management structure; and creation of a validation platform for the Dutch EV industry

Progress: Create design guidelines and End-of-Life management structure for both the manufacturing partners in this project as well as for the entire EV industry design and validation frameworks with which their (inter)national position is strengthened. The project will result in a handbook with design guidelines and improved test methods for the EV Battery safety testing. Above all, the establishment of a validation environment for the testing of third party components and systems – often for the Dutch EV industry.

Project title: Zero Emission PhileasCoordinator: APTSOther participants: Bombardier and BICONObjective: Testing the feasibility and safety of an

induction charging system for wireless charging of a completely electric Phileas

Progress: Project manager Gerard Koning (APTS): ‘We believe that the electric Phileas is the future of zero emission public transport. The most important technological hurdles have been taken and we’re currently working hard on the safety claim. By the end of 2011, the testing of the safety system in the closed environment at the High Tech Automotive Campus must be complete.’

Project title: Commercial drive train technologyCoordinator: InnoSys DelftOther participants: Direct Current and TU DelftObjective: Development of an integrated electric drive trainProgress: Tim de Lange: ‘The drive train we’re

developing is constructed in units of fi fty kilowatt peaks. The drive train can ultimately be expanded to a two hundred and fi fty kilowatt peak. The hardware and motor controller are now fi nished. The nuts and bolts of the drive train have been put together. The fi rst tests will have taken place before the end of this year. Next year, the step from the prototype phase to the manufacturing phase has to be completed. The fi nal objective is to supply the auto industry and create a manufacturable electric drive train.’

Project title: ProOV Coordinator: ProRailOther participants: AllGreenVehicles, and ’s-HertogenboschObjective: Development of a twelve-metre long electric PT bus,

charged wirelessly through induction. The innovative technical developments, the principle using only a few batteries in combination with a launching customer make this project complete.

Project title: E-Truck on the RoadCoordinator: E-Trucks EuropeOther participants: Baetsen groep, CURE/ Van

Gansewinkel and Smits Machinefabriek BV

Objective: Development of a completely electric refuse collection vehicle

Progress: Managing director André Beukers: ‘We’ll be venturing out on the road with a fully-fl edged working vehicle in October. The power train has been tested and the fi nal battery pack, which we put together ourselves, has been installed. Even the battery management system has been developed under our supervision. Our objective is to have a vehicle approved by the RDW by the end of 2012.’

>>>

23

Project title: ETRCoordinator: InnosSysOther participants: Carrosserie Akkermans and D&MSObjective: Development of a zero-emission

HD-TV report vehicleProgress: The delivery van that served as a

basis has now been completely rebuilt into a camera van by Carrosseriebedrijf Akkermans. We’ve now installed the necessary electromotor. The fi rst test drives have already taken place and the vehicle has to be delivered ready by the end of this year. After this, we intend to make it available during the Olympic Games in London. At such an event – that demands the attention of the world press – electric vehicles are going to be highlighted, and we can provide electric transport with a real boost.’

Project title: Zero Emission Low Floor BusProject leader: B-style & BUSinessOther participants: NedStack fuel cell, Silent Motor

Company, ALE, HAN AutomotiveObjective: Realise the electrifi cation of a low

fl oor minibus and a fuel generator at a price acceptable to the market

Progress: ‘The project is progressing in leaps and bounds’, states Bart Smulders, Managing Director for B-style & BUSiness. ‘We already have a working prototype with all the necessary components. At the Busworld, we’ll be presenting the minibus to the public at large and we’ll be showing that it is technologically possible to launch a low fl oor minibus with zero emissions on the market. Demonstrating that we are a fully-fl edged discussion partner for local authorities and franchise holders.’

Project title: STaR Range ExtenderCoordinator: Be-Kking managementOther participants: Progression Industry, VIRO

Eindhoven and Eindhoven University of Technology

Objective: The STaR Range Extender is based on a new mechanism that eliminates the downsides of the current 2D piston-crankshaft-fl ywheel and Wankel engine. It is an extremely compact 3D mechanism that does not utilise a crankshaft- fl ywheel and has no points of contact between the piston and cylinder wall. A prototype is being developed that can go into mass production at the conclusion of the project.

Project title: E-CarinProject leader: e-Traction EuropeOther participants: Stichting E-Carin and HANObjective: Resolve all the industrial obstacles

that stand in the way of the rise in popularity of the wheel hub motor in cars.

Progress: ‘With this project, we’re taking the step towards an aff ordable electric car for the B-segment’, states director Arjan Heinen. ‘In the meantime, we’re at the point that the Mitsubishi Colt is now equipped by us with a wheel hub motor. The fi nal revolutionary step that we’ve made is the integration of the brake in the wheel hub motor. This facilitates the installation of the entire wheel hub motor including the brake on the existing rear axle of a car. This is an unprecedented advantage.’

Project title: 360 EV - Battery monitoring & control system

Coordinator: Sycada.GreenOther participants: Remotion, RDM Automotive

and Zero Emission MobilityObject: Development of battery

monitoring and control systemProgress: Kristian Winge (Sycada.

Green): ‘We want to reduce range anxiety with the system through communicating information about battery condition, range and charging infrastructure. A web portal and a smartphone application were developed in the project. We are currently making the step from the trial to the production phase. The system is currently available in English and Dutch and very soon also in German. Additional software modules will be added to the platform as market needs dictate’.

Project title: HYREFProject leader: Gemco E-trucksOther participants: TNO, DAF Trucks, Icova, Geesink-

Norba, TrucklandObjective: Develop a prototype plug-in

hybrid refuse truckProgress: Project leader Michael van Rijen:

‘During the start-up phase, we encountered many obstacles, but are now hurtling along at full throttle. All the specifi cations have been fl eshed out and we’re currently involved in the integration of the drive, the refuse installation and the chassis. We expect to have a working prototype halfway through next year. It is perhaps interesting to learn that the chassis – the basic truck – is already planned for manufacture at DAF, so that we can get to work. In brief, the feasibility of the predetermined objectives are currently being confi rmed in practice.’

>>>

24

Through two foundations – called The Whisper an e-Busz – e-Traction has recently managed to get four buses equipped with The Wheel on the road in the Netherlands. ‘With The Whisper, we got two electric buses on the road in Apeldoorn and with e-Busz two buses in Rotterdam’, relates Heinen. ‘With these busses, we’ve already gained a lot of practical experience. Above all, interest has been aroused in Korea for our activities. Through a retrofit, we’re currently electrifying five existing buses with our wheel hub motor for the Korean government. Once the five buses have been approved by the Korean government, they want to have us electrify another two thousand buses for the city of Seoul.’

LeapThe threat that this large project forms for existing bus manufacturers – almost no conventional European or

e-Traction Europe takes the last steps in the application of a wheel hub motor in buses and carse-Traction Europe is the inventor of the wheel hub motor The Wheel. The idea – based on the motor producing capacity where it is used, in the wheel and without transmission loss – has been developed by the company in the last few years. ‘We’re convinced that our wheel hub motor will increase in popularity in the bus and car industry in the coming years’, says director Arjan Heinen.

Asian bus manufacturer produces electric buses – also has repercussions for e-Traction. Heinen: ‘Asian industrial conglomerates like Hyundai and Samsung are not very enthusiastic and it is unwise to offend them. This can be felt from the commotion in the market.’In the knowledge that traditional bus manufacturers are not going to be quick to manufacture new buses with e-Traction wheel hub motors, Heinen’s company is focusing on the retrofit market for the time being. ‘We can lead the horse to the water, but you can’t force it to drink. Through demonstrating in practice that electric buses have unprecedented added value, we think that the bus manufacturers will come around themselves in the end and want to introduce electric propulsion in public transport. It is up to us to convince the bus manufacturers right down to the last detail and get them to order our wheel hub motor.’

TomTom works on next generation navigation for electric motorists

The technology in the new navigation system has been partly developed within the Netherlands innovation programme High-Tech Automotive Systems. Within the EVIDENT project (‘Electric Vehicles Intelligently Directed by E-aware Navigation Technology’), TomTom has worked with a number of partners on a navigation system that provides drivers of electric cars with accurate information about the range, charging point locations and their availability. Zwanenberg: ‘We provide the drivers with absolute certainty about the range, so that they can reach their destination comfortably. We see these features as vital to removing adoption barriers for electric vehicle manufacturers.’

RoadmapAccording to Zwanenberg, many existing technologies have been perfected within EVIDENT. ‘We’re expanding and combining them now to achieve the specific final technology that we’ve presented. A new aspect is the

development of the so-called range estimator for which we’re working together with TNO.’

‘The EVIDENT innovation project and the final result are a boost for TomTom’s activities focused on electric vehicles’, continues Zwanenberg. ‘During the last two years, we’ve supported the HTAS innovation project and acquired a lot of knowledge. Above all, TomTom continues to drive innovation in this space and can translate this into real value to our customers. This is an emerging, but vitally important segment longer term and the project has been a great example of how innovation can help solve our customers’ problems. We have already enhanced our market insights and can scale up these pre-development activities very rapidly when necessary. Overall we can state that the success of this innovation project simplifies the transition from technology to product, allowing us to maintain our position at the forefront of the market.’

Last September, TomTom presented the first integrated navigation system specially developed for electric vehicles. ‘The navigation system continuously receives information regarding the status of the vehicle battery and therefore we can provide the drivers with absolute certainty about the range’, explains Ric Zwanenberg, Project Manager with the business unit TomTom Automotive.

Ric Zwanenberg

25

N A T I O N A A L V A K T I J D S C H R I F T J U N I 2 0 1 1

INHOUD

‘LEASEMARKT KANS OM EV ALS SERVICE TE VERKOPEN’

DRIVE4ELECTRIC: PIONIEREN EN INNOVEREN IN FRIESLAND

FORMULE E-TEAM 2.0 VOLOP IN DE STEIGERS

QWIC: UITGROEIEN TOT EEN VAN DE TWEE GROOTSTE EUROPESE URBAN SCOOTERFABRIKANTEN

ALFEN/ICU CHARGING STATIONS: ‘2011 EEN SUCCES ALS WIJ DUIZEND LAADPALEN LEVEREN’

HENRY LI: ‘NEDERLAND KAN VOOR BYD GEWENSTE PILOTMARKT WORDEN’

TIM CORONEL GOES ELECTRIC

MET NEDERLANDS CLUSTER...

e-mobility 3.indd 1 06-06-11 21:13

•••••••

B-style & BUSiness develop a ZE low fl oor minibus

B-style & BUSiness has been specialised in the development, testing and building of vehicle adaptations for more than thirty-fi ve years. ‘This includes wheelchair access vehicles, multi-functional taxis, public transport minibuses (up to 22 passengers) with low fl oor chassis.’, relates Smulders. ‘We supply taxi companies, public transport companies, but also bus builders, manufacturers of special vehicles and regular vehicle manufacturers. B-style is the business unit that supplies components from twenty diff erent countries as a ‘construction kit’ that can be assembled locally. With BUSiness, we supply complete vehicles in eleven diff erent countries.’

ConsortiumWhen Smulders and his company saw the opportunity last year to receive fi nancial support from HTAS to start an innovation project for the development of an electric hydrogen minibus,

With just thirty employees, B-style & BUSiness from Eindhoven launches innovative vehicles on the market. One of the most recent additions to the product portfolio is the Zero Emission Low Floor Minibus. The first prototype of this electric hydrogen minibus, with a range of around 250 kilometres that can transport 22 passengers, will be presented by the company during the Busworld in Kortrijk in Belgium at the end of October. ‘We’ve demonstrated that we are a fully-fledged discussion partner for local authorities and franchise holders with regard to electric public transport’, says Managing Director Bart Smulders.

Smulders didn’t need to think twice about it. ‘We took rapid action at the time and we formed a consortium with the Silent Motor Company (manufacturer of fuel cells) and decided to develop an electric hydrogen minibus. Zero emissions are achieved with a range extender based on hydrogen-fuelled fuel cells, so-called hydrogen electric propulsion. The greatest challenge was the integration of all the systems in a single vehicle. The original Mercedes-Benz systems had to be partly retained and combined with new electric systems, but also with hydrogen systems. An unprecedentedly complex job.’ Smulders continued: ‘We envisage selling the fi rst twenty minibuses in the coming year. The objective is to bring the minibus to the level of a small production run of a very high quality. The range of the minibus can be expanded if desired. Several seats can be sacrifi ced to accommodate the extra hydrogen tanks.’

Sycada.Green creates a platform with supporting tools for electric vehicles

‘We were one of the fi rst to start off ering supporting tools for electric motorists’, explains general manager Kristian Winge. ‘As an example, our e-car sharing module with web-based reservation system, that uses battery state-of-charge data to optimise the planning, makes it possible to share electric vehicles amongst employees across an organisation.’

Web portalIn 2009, Sycada.Green was awarded a contract to supply the complete communications- and monitoring system for a large-scale trial involving two hundred electric vehicles. ‘This was for the supply of a test system for the analysis of the performance of vehicles and of the users’ driving and charging behaviour’, explains Winge. ‘This project ultimately resulted in a Dutch innovation project in which we developed a series web portal and a smartphone applications. There was great interest in the system at home and abroad and four hundred vehicles are already on the roads equipped with Sycada.Green’s technology. We want to

Sycada.Green is one of the Netherlands’ fi rst and most experienced companies supplying services for electric vehicles. The company facilitates the introduction of electric vehicles in corporate fl eets by off ering a plug-and-play telematics infrastructure and associated applications designed to dispel range anxiety of drivers and to reduce fi nancial risks through online monitoring of the condition and aging of the battery.

become the European market leader with our battery monitoring and control system, ensuring that it becomes the leading standard in the market.’

With the systems and tools that Sycada.Green off ers, the company can already connect with more than ten diff erent EV-brands. What all started with cars, now also involves vans, trucks and busses. ‘We see enormous demand for our tools in these market segments’, explains Winge. ‘This is how we became involved in a project to facilitate the introduction of electric taxi’s in London. Another good example is the close-knit city distribution where the all-important last miles are driven using electric propulsion. To be able to guarantee this, permanent monitoring of vehicles and battery levels is required. Our company is constantly growing in maturity thanks to these projects. Although we fi rst supplied early adaptors with our services, we are shifting more and more towards supplying integrated solutions to e.g. public transport and logistics service companies.’

27

3rd International Fair for Electric Mobility

Join the eMobility Revolution!

eCarTec 2011

www.ecartec.com

October 18-20, 2011New Munich Trade Fair Centre

With accompanying Congress

International Trade Fair for Electric MobilityTOPICSElectric Vehicles

Drive and Motor Technique

Energy Storage Technology

Engineering & Subcontracting

Energy and Infrastructure

Finance

Reparation and Spare Parts

Anzeige eCarTec 2011 186 x 267 Satzspiegel englisch.indd 1 5/26/2011 8:47:37 AM

From battery cell to e-mobility

From 2012 onwards, HTAS will be joining forces with other organisations in a strong Dutch alliance called AutomotiveNL. This new entity will bundle innovation, business opportunities and automotive technology expertise into a competence cluster for the automotive industry in the attractive, high-quality environment of the Brainport region in the southeast of the Netherlands.

Our international program is supported by three MoUs (Memorandums of Understanding - editor’s note) with Germany, France and Sweden. Those countries are our most important European partner countries for the short term. Alone in the collaboration with Germany, there is a turnover potential of around 5 billion euros a year (for all economic sectors), according to our calculations. Before we become involved more strongly involved in countries such as China or India, we have to optimize our cooperation with our European neighbours. We regard the collaboration with the German automotive industry as very promising and in particular North Rhine-Westphalia, in its capacity as a model region for electromobility. We have indeed some cross border projects with Germany in preparation. In general, the following is true: we must work together in Western Europe more strongly and join forces - that is our common big opportunity.

An important issue is also on what kind of automotive industry the Netherlands has to focus: Except for DAF and VDL Bus & Coach we do not have any OEM industry, but as Tier we are in a very good position with world-known suppliers as NXP, TomTom, Navteq, TeleAtlas and Philips.Looking to the field of electric vehicle technology: In the Netherlands, developing technologies on the scale of battery cells is not our core business. But, on the other hand, we have excellent knowledge of battery materials and the technologies to manage electrochemical processes. This leads, together with our knowledge of electronics and control to excellent Battery Management Systems and a very strong position in the field of ultra fast charging technology (Former Epyon, now ABB). We also have manufacturers of high voltage electronics and safety chips, ICT solutions and components.

In Vehicle Management Systems we focus not only on powertrain technologies, but also on innovative vehicle concepts matching in new mobility solutions. This gives not only new opportunities for alternative use and construction of materials and car safety and design, but also input for climat control and electrification of (sub) auxiliaries.

Last but not least, we see the electric car, i.e. electric mobility as a completely other and new business case of mobility. A new economy is growing: The car of the future should fit optimal in it’s infrastructure and the battery management should match with the travel requirements and the actual available infrastructure.

Since 2010 we started more than 15 innovation projects, from power train components to complete mobility solutions, matching very well with our strengths.Except the start of innovation projects we are also investing in new equipment and test sites for the economy of e-mobility. In the south east of the Netherlands we (TNO) are setting up the European Electric Mobility Center focussing on real world testing of powertrain components and crash behaviour of subsystems and complete cars.

And when we look at the scale of E-Mobility Management Systems, this is becoming increasingly acknowledged on a European level as the test bed area for technological innovations and developments in sustainable mobility concepts. On the high ways of the Netherlands we are realizing in the Brainport region an integrated facility for testing real world. Our conclusion is that we see a massive potential for collaborating with the German automotive sector because the car is becoming more complex and OEMs are delegating more tasks to component suppliers. On several areas Dutch suppliers and knowledge institutes can support German automotive sector. Together we can face the new economy of e-mobility. That is a big opportunity.

Anton WolthuisHTAS Automotive Innovation(HTAS Automotive Innovation will become part of AutomotiveNL)

29

Nationaal Actieplan Zonnestroom wil 4 gigawatt in 2020

Position paper pv vindt deels gehoor bij topteams Rijk

Pionieren met Peer+, Femtogrid en Dimark Solar

Juni

/jul

i 201

1Ja

arga

ng 2

, num

mer

2

Solar magazine nummer 5.indd 1 19-06-11 20:46

••••••

Focus Innovate Simplify

We help you focus on your core business activities

Focus, Innovate, Simplify For almost 65 years, Frencken Europe has been serving an international client base in the medical, semiconductor, analytical and industrial

automation markets. We enable our customers to speed up their innovation, simplify their processes and focus on their core activities,

by offering design, development, and complete production of complex and advanced modules and products, based on precision

mechanics, electronics and software. Frencken Europe manufactures many high-precision machined parts in house and maintains a

world wide supplier base for optimum cost and fl exibility. Frencken Europe’s parent company, Frencken Group Ltd, is listed in Singapore.

The Group has a global presence, with production sites in Europe and Asia, and sales offi ces in Europe, Asia and the USA.

We help you reduce the complexity of your business

We help you take the lead and keep it

w w w . f r e n c k e n . n l

Dutch design studios advance on:

Design as a distinctive dialogue for electric cars

‘With the arrival of the electric car, all the companies get a fresh crack at the nut; they can reposition themselves’, explains Jan Willem van der Wiel from the Automotive Technology Centre that organises the annual ‘Design On Wheels Show’ in the Netherlands and, in doing so, puts the importance of vehicle design centre stage. ‘The proverbial ‘engine’ and ‘vroom-vroom’ effect disappear with the quiet electric car. Now that this has gone, car manufacturers are boosting their profiles creating a new emotional value through design. Suppliers, too, can use this to boost their profile.’

DownsizingAs a direct consequence of the new opportunities for various car brands and manufacturers, Van der Wiel believes that new trends are becoming visible that are inextricably linked with the electric car. ‘A first general trend is downsizing. A new quality has been born: small. It’s becoming a status symbol and the premium brands, too, are launching small cars on the market. Diametrically opposed to downsizing is the space trend. In the smaller cars, the space is imagined and optimum use is made of it to make the vehicle look bigger. The new small cars no longer look pathetic;

The Netherlands may count itself lucky that it has so many renowned design agencies within its borders. They are not only active in the automotive sector, but they are also interested in the new electric vehicle market segment. The list of famous agencies – from GBO Design | Engineering to Motio Development, Van der Veer Designers and Duvedec – is supplemented with young talent that is following the varied and growing number of (industrial) design courses.

in fact, more often than not they’re bold.’ Another point where component suppliers can distinguish themselves with design, according to Van der Wiel, is in the use of materials. ‘If you want to become an electric vehicle manufacturer component supplier, your products need to be lightweight. In addition, through the use of natural materials for the components, the sustainable character of the electric vehicles is emphasised.’

Light of dayThe Dutch Vehicle Development Centre (Duvedec), located on the High Tech Automotive Campus, has drawn designs for various electric vehicles over the last few years. From the Phileas to the Quicc DiVa and the Masdar City PRT. ‘If you want to bring about change as a designer, you have to tackle sustainable mobility differently, it has to become a code of behaviour’, says Hans Beumer, chief designer at DuvedeC. The company is specialised in the field of concept creation, design, engineering and building prototype vehicles and vehicle components. From the moment that the company saw the light of day in 1982, it has worked on leading automotive projects. The most recent in this list is the Masdar

City project. DuvedeC is working on a Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) vehicle for this city and is developing a driverless electric transport system with a Dutch consortium that can accommodate six passengers and runs along a network under the city. Beumer: ‘This assignment demonstrates the potential for Dutch industry in the international market in the field of electric transport.’Van der Veer Designers is a Dutch design agency specialised in both two and three wheelers. The company recently won the EuroBike Award with the GoCab bicycle taxi. Van der Veer Designers developed the GoCab in cooperation with manufacturer Van Raam. The GoCab is a bicycle taxi for eight children and a supervisor in which the bicycle drive is supplemented with an electric drive. Gert-Jan Breugel from Van der Veer Designers envisages design for the EV sector as an extra tool for generating the necessary interest. ‘The automotive industry is often characterised as having a high saturation of boffins. Through the presentation of completely new concepts in the form of electric vehicles, it becomes clear what impact a design can have. In brief, with design, your company has an opportunity to engage in a distinctive dialogue.’

31

Power Motive continues its missionary work for safety and back-up systems for vehicles

Power Motive – in Etten-Leur, close to Breda – is specialised in the design and manufacture of battery terminals and electronic safety switches in the high-power range for cars, truck and buses. With an eye on the large-scale introduction of electric vehicles, the company develops more and more customer-specifi c intelligent electronic switches.

‘The electronic switches that we make – FETs, which stands for Field Emission Transistor – replace the more traditional relays’, explains Hans Weijers from Power Motive. ‘Our FETs are able to communicate with the batteries. Also, with regard to the battery terminals we make, the successors will slowly take the form of intelligent electronic switches. And yet we will continue to supply battery terminals far into the future.’

Development perfection‘The popularity of intelligent electronics has been caused by the increase in the amount of electricity in cars’, adds Arthur Pouwels. ‘Where, in the past, an average of 50 Amps was present in the car, it is now already 150 Amps. You cannot switch currents like this with a traditional relay.’ Weijers continues: ‘Through combining our knowledge about battery terminals with power electronics, we’re in a unique position for

supplying intelligent electronic switches. Above all, we’re the last manufacturer of battery terminals in Europe. Through close cooperation with chip manufacturers like Infi nion and NXP, we have managed to continue to perfect the development of our products, so that we’ll be ready for the future.’

Short circuitThe electronic switches that PowerMotive make, serve as both short circuit and thermal protection. Pouwels: ‘Because whether it concerns electric cars, scooters or vessels, short-circuit protection is a must. Above all, you need an alternative for everything that can fail. Back-up systems and safety are the issue of the future as far as we’re concerned.’Weijers: ‘Logically, these things only play a role for electric vehicles when something goes wrong, we’ve also seen this with traditional fossil fuel vehicles. This is why our roadmap is focused on making the basic switch gear for vehicles

suitable for the increasingly larger volume of current and voltages they have to sustain. In addition, we want to have building blocks to be able to make electronic switches for every type of vehicle, with a specialisation in power capacity.’

‘You could see us as a sort of market place where suppliers can raise their visibility and customers can fi nd the solutions they require’, continues Bouhuijs. ‘In the coming years, the market is going to encounter the transfer to applications in line with the prevailing market for heavy-duty electric vehicles.’

EMOSS is specialised in electric transport projects in public transport, city distribution and refuse collection. Verhulst: ‘Authorities, companies and logistic service providers are on the look-out for a reliable advisory partner with a thorough understanding of the market. We off er independent and objective advice, organise and implement. In our one-stop shop, we have compiled a Champions League of suppliers of high-quality EV products and solutions, to subsequently combine vehicles and infrastructure to sell and link to customers.’ The fi rst contract for EMOSS concerns an extremely innovative region that only wants to see electric vehicles and infrastructure within its boundaries by 2014. Bouhuijs: ‘The administrators

EMOSS starts one-stop-shop for heavy-duty electric vehicles

responsible have just indicated that they want to electrify the entire private and public fl eet, but that they also want to generate another seventy percent of its electricity consumption using sustainable resources. They want to become the tourist crowd puller in North-West Europe, focused on the generation and applications for sustainable energy. We assist them in achieving these ambitions, through defi ning the project plan in our one-stop shop, contracting suppliers and implementing the operation.’

Verhulst: ‘We link the vehicles to the infrastructure, minimising interference with the transport services of a shipper or transporter. For the time being, this is a complex puzzle involving electric mobility – as in, for example, public transport or for refuse collection – in which too many suppliers are focused on their own sub solutions.’ Bouhuijs added: ‘Through smart organisation and implementing links, we achieve an overall cost reduction, with urban areas taking advantage of the dual benefi ts of noise reduction and improved air quality.’ Talking about a Green Deal!’

EMOSS saw the light of day last summer. With their company, Bob Bouhuijs and Frank Verhulst provide an international one-stop shop for heavy-duty electric vehicles. ‘We’re closing the gap between the market and the suppliers of electric mobility solutions for the heavy-duty market, where effi cient charging structure and infrastructural alterations are unavoidable’, according to the two entrepreneurs.

Bob Bouhuijs en Frank Verhulst

32

‘In the delivery of every vehicle we engage in a battle, sticking the existing systems in the petrol car to the new systems in the electric car’, relates Tim de Lange, founder and owner of InnoSys Delft. ‘Up until now, only a select number of manufacturers have produced electric-car-dedicated components.’

NunaTim de Lange graduated from Delft University of Technology and worked on many issues regarding the basic development of the prize-winning solar powered car Nuna. In the meantime, De Lange has, with his company, managed to get countless electric vehicle conversions on the road. Ranging from a Daihatsu Sirion to a Lotus Elise, and from a Volkswagen Golf to a Volkswagen Caddy. ‘We focus on niche markets and don’t convert whole production runs of vehicles’, explains De Lange. ‘The major manufacturers are now

starting to introduce the first batches of electric cars on the market, built in their own factories. This means that for companies like ours there is still time to position ourselves well in the market.’‘As already mentioned, there are only a few car manufacturers who consciously develop electric-car-dedicated components’, continues De Lange. ‘In the conversion of vehicles, we gain a tremendous amount of knowledge about the specifications that components for electric vehicles need to meet. More and more often, we purchase raw materials to manufacture components ourselves. This allows us to interlock our short and long-term strategies. After all, the objective is to supply manufacturers of electric vehicles with electrical components and preferably with a complete electric drive train. In addition, in the future we intend to continue the independent production of so-called special vehicles: for example for city distribution.’

InnoSys Delft work towards position as drive train supplier

By the end of this year, InnoSys Delft will have completely electrified about one hundred traditional fossil fuel vehicles. Through gaining a lot of experience in the manufacture of electric cars, the company hopes to not just manufacture vehicles for niche markets, but to also acquire a position as a component supplier to the ‘electric automobile industry’.

APTS is working with Phileas on zero emission public transportAt the High Tech Automotive Campus in Helmond, Advanced Public Transport Systems (APTS) is working on the development of a completely electric Phileas bus. This high-quality public transport concept will, in the near future, be able to drive wirelessly using an induction charging system. ‘This is the future for zero emission public transport’, says Gerard Koning, Programme Manager at APTS.

During the nineties, the Phileas was invented for cities that are too big for a bus, but too small for a tram. The APTS principle comprises an advanced virtually guided bus that offers as high level transport as a traditional tram, but at a greatly reduced cost: the installation of the infrastructure and maintenance is far less expensive thanks to the absence of rails and trolley wires. The current Phileas buses that travel around Eindhoven – but also in the French city of Douai and in Istanbul in Turkey – , are equipped with a hybrid drive. The buses are constructed from several cocoons and in different lengths: 18, 24.5 and 26 metres.

WirelessSince last year, APTS has been working on the development of a completely electric Phileas. In a collaborative project with the Canadian company Bombardier, safety and feasibility tests are being carried out for the application of Bombardier’s induction charging system PriMove. ‘We’ve already reached a very advanced stage with the development of this technology carrier for the Phileas that will facilitate dynamic induction charging’, explains

Koning. ‘Depending on the optimum ratio power intake/output with the battery pack in the Phileas, the power transfer takes place by providing about twenty percent (hundred metres per five hundred metres) of the route with a charging track in the road surface. The charging track in the road surface is only active when the Phileas drives over it and switches off automatically when it has driven off it. The job in hand is to demonstrate the safety claim that the system must comply with prior to being deployed in a publicly accessible environment in Helmond. In the collaborative project with Bombardier, we’re testing the feasibility and safety levels the power system must meet.’‘Bombardier has demonstrated in the world of trains that this induction system works’, continued Koning. ‘Therefore, the basic workings of the technology don’t throw up any obstacles. By the end of 2011, the testing of the safety system in the closed environment at the High Tech Automotive Campus must be complete. We’re very confident that we’re going to overcome the various challenges. We believe that the electric Phileas is the future of zero emission public transport.’

Tim de Lange

33

Nine innovation roadmaps, nine challenges

Electric mobility is developing around the world at a seemingly unstoppable pace. Every self-respecting vehicle manufacturer is developing hybrid and/or full electric vehicles. Expectations are high and the ambitions with regard to the adoption of electric vehicles are far-reaching. Governments intend electric mobility to play a major role in achieving their climate targets and improving air quality.

The Dutch government asked the Dutch Innovation Centre for Electric Road Transport (D-INCERT) to conduct a study into the state-of-the-art with regard to the technological development of electric road transport and the expertise available in the Netherlands in this fi eld. Following from this study, D-INCERT was also asked to collaborate with knowledge institutes and the business community to draw up a 2010-2020 innovation agenda for electric mobility in the Netherlands.

This 2010-2020 innovation agenda for electric mobility focuses on the potential of electric mobility to contribute to strengthening the Netherlands’ economic position and growth. In light of the considerable investments in the development of electric mobility being made by other EU countries, Asia and the United States, it is of the utmost importance that steps taken in the Netherlands be eff ective, effi cient and distinctive in comparison with developments in Europe and the rest of the world. The innovation agenda builds on existing competencies in businesses and knowledge institutes. The following nine innovation roadmaps are distinguished:

1. Integral electric mobility: the challenge lies in providing integral mobility solutions for the urban environment made up of seamlessly integrated products (vehicles, charging points, etc.) and services (mobility, energy and information). The focus for the coming fi ve years will lie on solutions for the business sector such as additional public transport, goods transport, distribution and staff transport.

2. Aff ordable electric mobility: the central challenge of this innovation roadmap is making electric mobility aff ordable. Which innovations are required to ensure that electric vehicles are cheaper to run than conventional vehicles in 2020? And what needs to be done to stimulate a transparent cost and pricing structure for the market? This innovation roadmap concentrates not so much on lowering the cost price of the technical components of the vehicles, but rather on developing business model innovations. This is considered as a defi nite economic opportunity for Dutch businesses and institutions.

3. Connected EV: developments in ICT will make it possible to drastically improve the interaction between the vehicle and its environment. This could include improved active safety and traffi c fl ows, downloading information and entertainment, GPS and navigation, diagnosis, maintenance and repairs and safeguarding mobility concepts. This innovation roadmap is

already developing rapidly in the Netherlands, mainly driven by HTAS, the Dutch Automotive Innovation Programme.

4. Smart charging: the development of a user-friendly, reliable and safe charging infrastructure is the main challenge for this innovation roadmap. The fi rst generation charging infrastructure – which started being installed in several European cities in 2010 – does not meet the above-mentioned requirements. Key issues that must be taken into account in the development of the next generation, large-scale charging infrastructure must be charging speed, user friendliness and compatibility with the routines of the users.

5. Battery management: to create more reliable and aff ordable battery technology, the battery management systems (BMS) that control charging and discharging must be improved. A BMS that is better at monitoring the battery’s ageing process and controlling charging and discharging to slow down the degradation process will contribute to a higher end-of-life value and longer battery life and thus lower write-off costs. Moreover, improvements to BMS can lead to greater vehicle ranges.

6. Fit-for-use drivetrains: the rapid and large-scale introduction of electric vehicles is hampered by the current limitations with regard to aspects such as range, weight, cost and long charging cycles, which are all restraining factors for consumer acceptance. Large improvements can be realised in the core of the electric vehicle system: the drivetrain.

7. Safe electric vehicles: current EV and PHEV vehicles are often converted conventional vehicles, and this will be the case in the future as well. Many experts indicate that there is some uncertainty regarding the safety of these vehicles. In the present transition phase however, safety must be paramount.

8. Smart power grids: to make large-scale electric transport possible by 2020 and to realise this as sustainably as possible, improvements will need to be made to the electrical infrastructure and the electricity network. To create a truly sustainable mobility system, the energy that is used should be generated sustainably too. The most obvious clean sources are solar and wind energy. Creating a reliable combination between a sustainable power generation system and an electric mobility system is a major challenge and crucial if we want to realise zero emissions of CO2, particulate and NOx by vehicles.

9. Sustainable batteries: the careful and effi cient recycling of large numbers of batteries and the creation of a buff er in the electricity grid are product/service combinations in which Dutch parties can play an important role. Alongside the import of new batteries via the mainports, the Netherlands can also use its logistical expertise to play a leading role in the international recycling and reuse of batteries.

Cees de BontDutch Innovation Centre for Electric Road Transport

34

‘The plug-in hybrid refuse truck that we’re developing in the HYREF-project, is extremely suitable for so-called black spots in major cities, the places where the air quality is especially poor’, explains Van Rijen. ‘With this project, we’re making it possible to drive an electric vehicle in these places and to temporarily reduce the CO2 emissions to zero. Within the E-Platform project, we’re developing a modular platform that is to serve as a base for the development of hybrid and electric commercial vehicles.’

Mix of technologies‘We’re currently one of the few suppliers of heavy-duty hybrid vehicles, being heavier than 16 tons’, continues Van Rijen. ‘We see a battery pack for heavy trucks as supplementary tool and storage capacity, so that the final

kilometres can be driven on electricity. Our solution is scalable up to 50 tons. We can stack the motor and drive it using multiple axles. In the future, the power will most likely come from generators and batteries. At a later stage, possibly directly from fuel cells. Heavy goods transport will employ a mix of drive technologies in the future. A single winner is not likely to emerge quickly.’

According to Van Rijen, Gemco E-trucks is gaining a lot of experience from the current innovation. ‘Within HYREF, we’re generating a lot of knowledge regarding the conversion of trucks and within E-Platform regarding electromotors. Finally, we’ll be able to apply all this knowledge in the manufacture of complete series of our own trucks and to supply third parties with kits and modules.’

homes are to be provided with the ProxEnergy system. Van den Heuvel: ‘With this pilot, in which we cooperate with other partners in the energy chain and the residents in the two neighbourhoods, we’re shaping the future of energy in the Netherlands. Thanks to the smart meter, the residents will be able to see the weather prediction and expected yield from their sustainable power systems 24 hours in advance. Based on this, they can take decisions at any moment about which electrical appliance – such as the washing machine or dishwasher – they want to switch on, or if they want to charge their electric car. This pilot is unique in Europe. Nowhere else in Europe is a first generation smart grid application being rolled out on such a large scale.’

‘We believe that the smart grid will become the enabler for sustainable energy’, continues Van den Heuvel. ‘Through the provision of the energy management system Marvin, we can also generate interest in our other products. We plan to

ProxEnergy introduces an energy management system for the first-generation smart gridProxEnergy is the first Dutch company that offers personalised smart grid solutions. With its energy management system, the company measures, analyses and regulates the various sources of power in and around homes and other buildings. Above all, the company offers solutions for charging electric vehicles that can be controlled with the same energy management system.

develop the market in the coming period with this ‘added value’ distribution strategy. We want to work with a select group of installers, our partners, who we’ll assist in the successful launch of our proposition on the market.’

ProxEnergy’s activities are at the cutting edge of four different fields: energy management, solar power, storage and electric mobility. The technological heart of ProxEnergy is formed by the energy management system ProxControl Marvin. ‘The system is the first generation smart grid for urban environments’, explains CEO Frans van den Heuvel. ‘It works with a clock thermostat, can switch electric equipment on and off, display weather reports, etc. A test project with dynamic pricing in practice is made possible for the first time with this project. Based on the real-time demand and available supply, the cost of energy that consumers pay or receive for their generated electricity will be calculated.’

First generationProxEnergy does not just supply the energy management system ProxControl Marvin, but also countless other related products. From solar panels to inverters and charging stations for electric cars. In two neighbourhoods in Breda, over around three hundred

Frans van den Heuvel

Michael van Rijen

35

Gemco E-trucks approaching the marketing phase for its heavy-duty hybrid and electric vehiclesGemco E-trucks was founded in 2009 as a subsidiary of Gemco Mobile Systems. Gemco Mobile Systems is specialized in the development and manufacture of special trucks for distribution, aid and communication. ‘With Gemco E-Trucks, we make a number of distribution vehicles suitable for electric and hybrid transport and develop them for mass production’, says general manager Michael van Rijen.

Right at the end of 2008 and the beginning of 2009, Peec-Power commenced the development of a 30 kilowatt range extender. ‘The principle of a range extender is actually very simple’, explained Peec-Power managing director Dirk Toeters. ‘It is in fact nothing more than a fuel generator. A small combustion engine is linked to the battery and serves as a generator when the battery is empty. So electricity is generated with fuel.’

YieldThe combustion engine for the Peec-Power range extender has a single cylinder and works with two pistons. ‘We opted for a model with a single cylinder as this has the best thermodynamic yield or, in other words, it extracts the most power from the fuel. The two pistons balance the single cylinder engine. The combustion takes place between the two pistons and the linear movement is converted into a rotation through a sine trajectory.

Peec-Power ready for the range extender pilot phase

Following two and a half years of development work, Peec-Power is ready for the pilot phase in which it will be testing its 30 kilowatt range extender. The fi rst hundred units are to be installed in a large number of diff erent vehicles in the coming year.

Finally, the electricity is generated using magnets.’ ‘Where most car manufacturers opt for existing technology in the development of a range extender – and therefore use engines with multiple cylinders – we started from scratch’, continues Toeters. ‘Our idea uses fewer cylinders and has integrated generators. The number of moving parts is limited to three. In this manner, we aren’t just lighter and cheaper, but wear and tear is far lower. The advantage is that our technology is already being used in aviation and shipping and consequently we know what is possible in practice.’

At the end of this year, Toeters and his colleagues hope to be ready for a production run for the fi rst hundred test units. These have to be installed in various test platforms in 2012: from passenger vehicles to light commercial vehicles. Following this test phase, the mass production with yet to be determined partners will commence in 2013. Toeters: ‘We’re aiming for 50,000 to 100,000 units a year.’

‘We’ll be venturing out on the road with a fully-fledged working vehicle in October’, André Beukers, managing director of E-Trucks Europe explains about the progress of the developments for the electric truck. ‘The power train has been tested and the final battery pack has been installed. Even the battery management system has been developed under our supervision.’

Regeneration‘The first prototype that will appear on the road is based on a DAF CF75’, adds R&D manager Flip Bamelis. ‘We employ regenerating induction electromotors that return power to the battery during braking and rolling to a standstill, which recharges them. We assemble the bat-tery pack entirely ourselves, using battery cells we bring

E-Trucks Europe starts road tests with completely electric truck

in from Korea. In fact, what we add to the basic DAF CF75 is an electric power train and a battery pack.’In 2012, within the scope of a Dutch as well as a Belgian innovation project, E-Trucks Europe will develop at least five completely electric trucks – two refuse collection vehicles, a truck with hook arm system and two trucks for pulling trailers. Beukers: ‘In both projects, we’re going to learn in practice from vehicles once they are on the road through developing and perfecting them. Now that all the software sub systems have been developed, the fi rst test that we’ll encounter will be the integration test. This will be followed by a long-term road test for the vehicle in which it undergoes comprehensive testing. Our objective is to have a vehicle sanc-tioned and approved by the RDW (Government Road Transport Agency) by the end of 2012, beginning of 2013.’

The Netherlands is fortunate to able to count E-Trucks Europe amongst its manufacturers of electric trucks. E-Trucks Europe is a spin-off from the Beukers Groep. All the knowledge and capabilities acquired through the longstanding history of the Beukers Groep – gained for example through countless activities undertaken on behalf of DAF Trucks – are now being pumped into E-Trucks Europe, which is currently developing a completely electric truck.

Dirk Toeters

Flip Bamelis and Andr’e Beukers

36

D U T C H M A G A Z I N E E C A R T E C M U N I C H 2 0 1 1

The following pages give an overview of organisations and companies active in the Dutch electric mobility and smart grid value chain. In view of fast developments in the industry, it was impossible to make a suitable specifi c model in which all technologies are mentioned. For this reason a fi ve-step model has been chosen, with each step coupled to equipment and knowledge center. An indication (the red lines) is given per company in which part of the value chain they are active.

E-MOBILITY INDUSTRY REGISTER

R&D Consultancy(Universities , Institutes etc.)

Vehicle core

Power train

Supporting services

Equipment& Supplies

Energy storage

Energy infrastructure

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Automotive Technology Centre

Founded in 2003, the Automotive Technology Centre (ATC) is a cluster organization that stimulates technological innovation and cooperation. Its mission is to strengthen the international technology and business position of the Dutch automotive sector and grow and preserve this important industry and its spin-off s within the Netherlands. ATC brings automotive professionals together to inform each other about the latest automotive trends and technologies. Knowledge transfer and exchange is enabled through network events and active participation in technology workshops. ATC is the central organization that combines individual company strengths to realize new business opportunities. At the end of 2012 ATC will be part of AutomotiveNL.

Automotive Technology Centre

Steenovenweg 1 I. www.atcentre.nlNL-5700 MC Helmond E. [email protected]. +31 492-562500

R&D Consultancy(Universities , Institutes etc.)

Vehicle core

Power train

Supporting services

Equipment& Supplies

Energy storage

Energy infrastructure

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Dutch Organisation for Electric Transport (DOET)

DOET is the only independent organisation in the Netherlands that for a 100 percent focuses on EV. It is our belief that electric transport will have a signifi cant contribution to a clean, silent and sustainable future. The purpose of DOET is to stimulate the growth of electric transport through cooperation. For our 50 members we promote, share knowledge and lobby for electric transport. We cooperate with all relevant organisations in the Netherlands.

Dutch Organisation for Electric Transport (DOET)Tim Kreukniet

Beethovenstraat 184a E. [email protected] GX Amsterdam I. www.doetdoet.nlT. +31658821377

Dutch Organisation for Electric Transport

R&D Consultancy(Universities , Institutes etc.)

Vehicle core

Power train

Supporting services

Equipment& Supplies

Energy storage

Energy infrastructure

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Brabant Development Agency (BOM)\

The Brabant Development Agency (BOM) joins relevant parties in the EV value chain to develop initiatives and projects to build a strong international EV and smart grid cluster. Partners include companies such as AGV, Innosys Delft and E-Trucks Europe and academia such as Eindhoven University of Technology. BOM has helped hundreds of foreign companies initiate or expand operations in Brabant. We provide high quality services free of charge to any organisation interested in establishing solar activities in Brabant. Please feel free to contact us.

Brabant Development Agency (BOM)Edith Groenewolt

P.O. Box 3240 F. +31 88 83 11 121NL-5003 DE Tilburg E. [email protected]. +31 88 83 11 125 I. www.bom.nl

R&D Consultancy(Universities , Institutes etc.)

Vehicle core

Power train

Supporting services

Equipment& Supplies

Energy storage

Energy infrastructure

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Integrated Charging Unit (ALFEN)

In 2008 ALFEN, specialist in low- middle- and high voltage and manufacturer of transformer stations, started producing and developing charging stations for electric vehicles. Since then ICU has developed various products and services for a wide variety of uses for both public and private charging locations. ICU does not only off er reliable and safe charging stations for almost every situation, but also provides installation, complete service plans and a management system. Choosing ICU means choosing easy and safe electric driving.

ALFEN / ICUCasper Smit

Hefbrugweg 28 F. +31 (0)36 54 93 409NL-1332 AP Almere E. [email protected]. +31 (0)36 54 93 400 I. www.ICU-charging-stations.com

38

R&D Consultancy(Universities , Institutes etc.)

Vehicle core

Power train

Supporting services

Equipment& Supplies

Energy storage

Energy infrastructure

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

E-Mobility

E-Mobility is the only independent, cross-sectoral magazine active in the Dutch and Belgian fi eld of electric driving. E-Mobility is a magazine by and for all companies, research institutions, governments and stakeholders in the Netherlands who are involved with the theme electric driving. E-Mobility communicates cross-sectoral; from automotive to high tech, smart grid, automation and IT, infrastructure, materials, logistics and energy. The magazine supports and encourages the ambitions of Dutch companies active in the fi eld of electric driving. E-Mobility is a quarterly with a circulation of 5,000 copies distributed to decision makers in the Netherlands and Belgium.

E-MobilityEdwin Gelissen-Van Gastel

Gulden 19 E. [email protected] DA Uden I. www.emobilitymagazine.nlT. +31 630 084 875

R&D Consultancy(Universities , Institutes etc.)

Vehicle core

Power train

Supporting services

Equipment& Supplies

Energy storage

Energy infrastructure

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

e-Traction Europe BV

e-Traction Europe B.V., established in Apeldoorn (the Netherlands), specializes in development and engineering of TheWheel®. Since 2001, e-Traction is continuously developing in-wheel direct-drive motors for applications ranging from 400Nm to 10.000Nm per wheel. Our competitive advantage: vehicles with TheWheel save up to 40% traction energy. While TheWheel® is ready for production and sale to OEM manufacturers, e-Traction® is also very profi cient in designing a vehicle infrastructure that complements TheWheel. To prove that our traction paradigm really works, we are involved in multiple demonstrator project in which we are vehicle system architect. Visit us at the eCarTec hall A5, booth area 428!

e-Traction Europe BVMr. A.J. Heinen

Vissenstraat 36 F. +31 55 522 23 66NL-7324 AL APELDOORN [email protected]. +31 55 521 11 11 I. www.e-traction.eu

R&D Consultancy(Universities , Institutes etc.)

Vehicle core

Power train

Supporting services

Equipment& Supplies

Energy storage

Energy infrastructure

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Electric Mobility One Stop Shop

Together with you we’ll fi nd the most effi cient way to electrify your heavy-duty fl eet, from grid connection till vehicle service and aftersales:• Decreased

operational risk on implementation of electric vehicles in your fl eet

• Lower initial investment & total cost of ownership (TCO) potentially equal to diesel equivalents

• Independent advice on various vehicle and charging options from top quality suppliers worldwide

• Keep your focus at your core business; we act as One Contract Partner

EMOSSFrank Verhulst

Leeuwenborchweide 2 T. +31 621 707 195NL-5709SC Helmond E. [email protected]. Box 2206 NL-4800 CE Breda I. www.emoss.eu

R&D Consultancy(Universities , Institutes etc.)

Vehicle core

Power train

Supporting services

Equipment& Supplies

Energy storage

Energy infrastructure

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Drive4Electric

Drive4Electric promotes electric transport in Fryslân and stimulates the employment within this area. Drive4Electric has been initiated by the Province of Fryslân and is governed by eight public/private parties. Drive4Electric has an extensive network and works together with other parties in setting up and implementing projects. Drive4Electric is located at the NHL Hogeschool which ensures close collaboration between students and lecturers. Drive4Electric also works together with Business Development leeuwarden (OBL). OBL has special purpose built premises available in Leeuwarden which focuses on the subject of electric transport. Drive4Electric is happy to talk to entrepreneurs who are interested in establishing themselves in Fryslân.

Drive4Electric Mr. Hans Verwijs

Rengerslaan 10 (NHL Hogeschool, room D3.024) E. [email protected] 1080, NL-8900 CB Leeuwarden I. www.drive4electric.nlT. +31 58 25 11 202

www.dr i ve4e l ec t r i c . n l

39

R&D Consultancy(Universities , Institutes etc.)

Vehicle core

Power train

Supporting services

Equipment& Supplies

Energy storage

Energy infrastructure

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

High Tech Automotive Campus

The High Tech Automotive Campus provides a home for companies, education institutes as well as public and private research centres, laboratories and test facilities in the fi eld of automotive technology and smart mobility. It off ers a challenging and inspiring environment where knowledge and business come together in a spirit of cooperation, knowledge sharing and open innovation. The campus also functions as the knowledge centre of a larger smart mobility ecosysteem in the top technology region Brainport Eindhoven and a one-stop-shop for research, engineering and testing. At the end of 2012 High Tech Automotive Campus will be part of AutomotiveNL.

High Tech Automotive CampusHan van den Bremer

Steenovenweg 1 E. [email protected] MC Helmond I. www.htacampus.nlT. +31 492-562500

R&D Consultancy(Universities , Institutes etc.)

Vehicle core

Power train

Supporting services

Equipment& Supplies

Energy storage

Energy infrastructure

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Logica B.V.

12% Of all CO2 emissions come from a car with a traditional engine. Electric vehicles can help reducing the CO2 emissions by 40%. Logica invests in sustainable solutions, therefore, we have taken the lead, together with some of our partners to develop a infrastructure for charge points, also known as Chargepoint interactive Management Systems (CiMS). Knowing how they can manage their electrical charging on their journey is key for users – from reservation to booking and from authorization to payments and sustainability dashboards to show your savings. Based on our long international experience Logica can assist with tools and Business Consultancy.

Logica Nederland B.V.Michel Bayings

Prof. W.H. Keesomlaan 14 E. [email protected] DJ Amstelveen I. www.logica.comT. +31(0)88 564 0000

R&D Consultancy(Universities , Institutes etc.)

Vehicle core

Power train

Supporting services

Equipment& Supplies

Energy storage

Energy infrastructure

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

HTAS Automotive Innovation

HTAS is set up as an open program in which industrial partners, knowledge institutes, both national and international, and government participate. At the end of 2012 we will be part of AutomotiveNL. HTAS: from battery to e-mobility.

HTAS Automotive InnovationAnton Wolthuis

Steenovenweg 1 E. [email protected] MC Helmond I. www.htas.nlT. +31 492-562500

R&D Consultancy(Universities , Institutes etc.)

Vehicle core

Power train

Supporting services

Equipment& Supplies

Energy storage

Energy infrastructure

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

FAT dual controls

FAT dual controlsManufacturer of universal dual controls for driving instruction. Available in over 40 country trough a dealer network.

FAT dual controlsG. Tierolf

Schiphol Boulevard 127 F. +31847555511NL-1118BG Schiphol E. [email protected]. +31850021189 I. www.fat-dc.com

40

CREDITS

E-Mobility is an independent Dutch trade journal and appears four times a year with a circulation of 5,000 copies. This English edition of 3,500 copies has been published for eCarTec Munich 2011.

Publisher & Editor in ChiefEdwin Gelissen-Van Gastel (EG Media)(E). [email protected](T). +31 63 00 848 75

DesignBette van Loenen (EG Media)(E). [email protected]

CoverfotoTim Coronel, electric Dakar Buggy

ColumnistsMaarten Steinbuch (Eindhoven University of Technology)Tim Kreukniet (Dutch Organization for Electric Transport)Stephan van Dijk (D-incert)

PrintingRoto Smeets

Subscriptions & AdvertisementsE-Mobility(E). [email protected](I). www.emobilitymagazine.nl

Editorial advisory boardAnton Wolthuis and Corine Legdeur (HTAS Innovation Programme) Minnemijn Smit (Formula E-team)Tim Kreukniet (Dutch Organization for Electric Transport) Martijn Bongaerts (national grid operator association NetbeheerNederland) Edith Groenewolt (Brabant Development Agency)

TranslationDouble Dutch, Eindhoven

Partners

© EG Media 2011 - Nothing from this publication may be copied without permission from the publisher.

The editorial staff and publisher are fully aware of their duty to ensure that the publication is as reliable

as possible. Nevertheless, they do not accept any responsibility for any errors in this publication.

R&D Consultancy(Universities , Institutes etc.)

Vehicle core

Power train

Supporting services

Equipment& Supplies

Energy storage

Energy infrastructure

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Eindhoven University of Technology

The automotive branch is expanding fast and the need for engineers in the area of Smart Mobility is increasing. As TU/e we are keen to use our expertise to respond to this need. Our educational programs prepare students and young researchers for a scientifi c and engineering career in the automotive and logistics engineering fi elds. Our students learn to work in interdisciplinary teams, working with great motivation on technological challenges in a societal perspective. We educate multifaceted engineers who can use their knowledge and expertise everywhere in society.

Eindhoven University of TechnologyMaarten Steinbuch

Den Dolech 2 F. +31 40 247 6087NL-5612 AZ Eindhoven E. [email protected]. +31 40 247 9111 I. www.tue.nl/smartmobility

R&D Consultancy(Universities , Institutes etc.)

Vehicle core

Power train

Supporting services

Equipment& Supplies

Energy storage

Energy infrastructure

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Equipment& Supplies

Sycada.Green – EV Competence Center

Sycada.Green off ers a full range of Connected EV services, all aimed at reducing cost of ownership and increasing ease of use of EV’s. Services include smartphone and web-based apps for drivers (reducing range anxiety), Battery Health monitoring, and a reservation module for EV sharing schemes. Additionally, we provide detailed EV and battery usage statistics and help enterprises introduce EV’s as part of their fl eet operations. All services are turn-key, centrally hosted and managed as an integral service on behalf of our customers. With offi ces and service points throughout Europe, Sycada.Green is the ideal partner for large scale EV roll-out programs.

Sycada.Green Mr. Kristian Winge

Burgemeester Stramanweg 108 E F. +31 20 311 6509NL-1101 AA Amsterdam E. [email protected]. +31 20 311 6500 I. www.sycada-green.com

‘Solar industrie moet pleiten voor industriebeleid’

‘EVA was als een inktvis op rolschaatsen’

ECN vraagthulp industrie bij OPV-onderzoek

Okt

ober

201

0Ja

arga

ng 1

, num

mer

2

Solar magazine nummer 2.indd 1 27-9-2010 22:07:33

‘Solar industrie moet pleiten voor industriebeleid’

‘EVA was als een inktvis op rolschaatsen’

ECN vraagthulp industrie bij OPV-onderzoek

Innovative solar technology from the Netherlands

Sept

embe

r 201

1PV

SEC

Ham

burg

PV SEC 2011.indd 1 16-08-11 11:35

‘Streven naar recordaantal installaties in 2011’

‘Junction box en inverter over vijfjaar geïntegreerd’

Behoefte aan kennisloketsolar industrie

Dec

embe

r 201

0Ja

arga

ng 1

, num

mer

3

Solar magazine nummer 3.indd 1 6-12-2010 22:08:56

N AT I O N A A L V A K T I J D S C H R I F T D E C E M B E R 2 0 1 0

INHOUD

DRIE SERIES PROEFTUINEN ELEKTRISCH RIJDEN IN BEELD

‘GEBRUIK DESIGN ALS ONDERSCHEIDENDE TAAL’

‘SOCIALE ACCEPTATIE INTELLIGENTE NETTEN NODIG’

‘DOELSTELLING 10.000 OPLAADPUNTEN STICHTING E-LAAD.NL FIER OVEREIND’

AMSTERDAM, BRABANT, ROTTERDAM EN FRIESLAND LOPEN ‘VOOROP’

RUUD KOORNSTRA: ‘NEDERLAND KAN EUROPESE MAINPORT VOOR ELEKTRISCHE AUTO WORDEN’

e-mobility 1.indd 1 22-11-2010 21:51:20

N A T I O N A A L V A K T I J D S C H R I F T M A A R T 2 0 1 1

INHOUD

D-INCERT lEvERT RoaDmap ‘ElECTRIC mobIlITy’ op

‘EINDgEbRuIkER moET lEREN TE DENkEN IN mobIlITEIT’

‘INTEllIgENTE NET moET FuN WoRDEN vooR CoNSumENT’

agv EN E-TRuCkS EuRopE boREN maRkTSEgmENT vaN TRuCkS EN buSSEN aaN

amSTERDam bESTEEDT DuIzEND oplaaDpuNTEN opENbaRE RuImTE aaN

WUBBO OCKELS: ‘ELEKTRISCH RIJDEN KAN HéT NIEUWE NEDERLANDSE ExpORTpRODUCT WORDEN’

N AT I O N A A L VA K T I J D S C H R I F T S E P T E M B E R 2 0 1 1

INHOUD

‘EV-DIENSTVERLENING BIEDT FANTASTISCHE EXPORTKANSEN’

‘NEDERLAND LOOPT VOOROP BIJ VEILIGHEID RECYCLING BATTERIJ’

FORMULE E-TEAM 2.0 NADERT FASE VAN SAMENSTELLING

‘MENING VAN VERENIGING DOET EN ONDERNEMERS TELT MEER EN MEER’

‘IN FEITE IS BUSINESS CASE ELEKTRISCHE OV-BUS ALGELIJKWAARDIG AAN DIESELBUS’

WIE VAN DE DRIE: MINISTER VERHAGEN, SCHULTZ VAN HAEGEN EN DE JAGER OMARMEN ELEKTRISCH RIJDEN’

SPECIAL ECOMOBIEL 2011:

STOP THINKING, START ACTING!

e-mobility 4.indd 1 06-09-11 01:13

Nationaal Actieplan Zonnestroom wil 4 gigawatt in 2020

Position paper pv vindt deels gehoor bij topteams Rijk

Pionieren met Peer+, Femtogrid en Dimark Solar

Juni

/jul

i 201

1Ja

arga

ng 2

, num

mer

2

Solar magazine nummer 5.indd 1 19-06-11 20:46

Nationaal Actieplan Zonnestroom wil 4 gigawatt in 2020

Position paper pv vindt deels gehoor bij topteams Rijk

N A T I O N A A L V A K T I J D S C H R I F T J U N I 2 0 1 1

INHOUD

‘LEASEMARKT KANS OM EV ALS SERVICE TE VERKOPEN’

DRIVE4ELECTRIC: PIONIEREN EN INNOVEREN IN FRIESLAND

FORMULE E-TEAM 2.0 VOLOP IN DE STEIGERS

QWIC: UITGROEIEN TOT EEN VAN DE TWEE GROOTSTE EUROPESE URBAN SCOOTERFABRIKANTEN

ALFEN/ICU CHARGING STATIONS: ‘2011 EEN SUCCES ALS WIJ DUIZEND LAADPALEN LEVEREN’

HENRY LI: ‘NEDERLAND KAN VOOR BYD GEWENSTE PILOTMARKT WORDEN’

TIM CORONEL GOES ELECTRIC

MET NEDERLANDS CLUSTER...

e-mobility 3.indd 1 06-06-11 21:13

D U T C H M A G A Z I N E E C A R T E C M U N I C H 2 0 1 1

CONTENT

DUTCH TECHNOLOGY FACILITATES ELECTRIC DAKAR COMPETITOR

VISIT THE HOLLLAND E-MOBILITY HOUSE AT HALL A5, STAND 204

DUTCH DRIVE IN AUTOMOTIVE AND SMART GRID TECHNOLOGY DTI INTRODUCES INNOVATIVE TRANSMISSIONS FOR HYBRID AND ELECTRIC VEHICLES

DUTCH COMPANIES ESTABLISH KEYPOSITION AMONG SUPPLIERS OF CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURE

DUTCH E-MOBILITY FROM INNOVATION INTO PRACTICE

Wiep Folkerts eerste directeur Applicatiecentrum

Inschrijvingen Dutch Solar Awardsoffi cieel geopend

Tienjarig jubileum Oskomera Solar Power Solutions

Okt

ober

201

1Ja

arga

ng 2

, num

mer

3

Solar magazine nummer 6.indd 1 03-10-11 22:59

Dutch magazines about sustainabilityvisit www.egmedia.nl

‘Solar industrie moet pleiten voor industriebeleid’

‘EVA was als een inktvis op rolschaatsen’

ECN vraagthulp industrie bij OPV-onderzoek

Okt

ober

201

0Ja

arga

ng 1

, num

mer

2

Solar magazine nummer 2.indd 1 27-9-2010 22:07:33

Innovative solar technology from the Netherlands

Sept

embe

r 201

1PV

SEC

Ham

burg

PV SEC 2011.indd 1 16-08-11 11:35

‘Streven naar recordaantal installaties in 2011’

‘Junction box en inverter over vijfjaar geïntegreerd’

Behoefte aan kennisloketsolar industrie

Dec

embe

r 201

0Ja

arga

ng 1

, num

mer

3

Solar magazine nummer 3.indd 1 6-12-2010 22:08:56

‘Streven naar recordaantal installaties in 2011’

‘Junction box en inverter over vijfjaar geïntegreerd’

Behoefte aan kennisloketsolar industrie

N AT I O N A A L V A K T I J D S C H R I F T D E C E M B E R 2 0 1 0

INHOUD

DRIE SERIES PROEFTUINEN ELEKTRISCH RIJDEN IN BEELD

‘GEBRUIK DESIGN ALS ONDERSCHEIDENDE TAAL’

‘SOCIALE ACCEPTATIE INTELLIGENTE NETTEN NODIG’

‘DOELSTELLING 10.000 OPLAADPUNTEN STICHTING E-LAAD.NL FIER OVEREIND’

AMSTERDAM, BRABANT, ROTTERDAM EN FRIESLAND LOPEN ‘VOOROP’

RUUD KOORNSTRA: ‘NEDERLAND KAN EUROPESE MAINPORT VOOR ELEKTRISCHE AUTO WORDEN’

e-mobility 1.indd 1 22-11-2010 21:51:20

N A T I O N A A L V A K T I J D S C H R I F T M A A R T 2 0 1 1

INHOUD

D-INCERT lEvERT RoaDmap ‘ElECTRIC mobIlITy’ op

‘EINDgEbRuIkER moET lEREN TE DENkEN IN mobIlITEIT’

‘INTEllIgENTE NET moET FuN WoRDEN vooR CoNSumENT’

agv EN E-TRuCkS EuRopE boREN maRkTSEgmENT vaN TRuCkS EN buSSEN aaN

amSTERDam bESTEEDT DuIzEND oplaaDpuNTEN opENbaRE RuImTE aaN

WUBBO OCKELS: ‘ELEKTRISCH RIJDEN KAN HéT NIEUWE NEDERLANDSE ExpORTpRODUCT WORDEN’

N AT I O N A A L VA K T I J D S C H R I F T S E P T E M B E R 2 0 1 1

INHOUD

‘EV-DIENSTVERLENING BIEDT FANTASTISCHE EXPORTKANSEN’

‘NEDERLAND LOOPT VOOROP BIJ VEILIGHEID RECYCLING BATTERIJ’

FORMULE E-TEAM 2.0 NADERT FASE VAN SAMENSTELLING

‘MENING VAN VERENIGING DOET EN ONDERNEMERS TELT MEER EN MEER’

‘IN FEITE IS BUSINESS CASE ELEKTRISCHE OV-BUS ALGELIJKWAARDIG AAN DIESELBUS’

WIE VAN DE DRIE: MINISTER VERHAGEN, SCHULTZ VAN HAEGEN EN DE JAGER OMARMEN ELEKTRISCH RIJDEN’

SPECIAL ECOMOBIEL 2011:

STOP THINKING, START ACTING!

e-mobility 4.indd 1 06-09-11 01:13

N AT I O N A A L VA K T I J D S C H R I F T S E P T E M B E R 2 0 1 1N AT I O N A A L VA K T I J D S C H R I F T S E P T E M B E R 2 0 1 1

WIE VAN DE DRIE:WIE VAN DE DRIE:WIE VAN DE DRIE:WIE VAN DE DRIE: MINISTER VERHAGEN, SCHULTZ VAN HAEGEN MINISTER VERHAGEN, SCHULTZ VAN HAEGEN MINISTER VERHAGEN, SCHULTZ VAN HAEGEN MINISTER VERHAGEN, SCHULTZ VAN HAEGEN MINISTER VERHAGEN, SCHULTZ VAN HAEGEN EN DE JAGER OMARMEN ELEKTRISCH RIJDEN’EN DE JAGER OMARMEN ELEKTRISCH RIJDEN’EN DE JAGER OMARMEN ELEKTRISCH RIJDEN’EN DE JAGER OMARMEN ELEKTRISCH RIJDEN’EN DE JAGER OMARMEN ELEKTRISCH RIJDEN’

SPECIAL ECOSPECIAL ECOSPECIAL ECO

STOP THINKING, START ACTING!

STOP THINKING, START ACTING!

STOP THINKING, START ACTING!

Nationaal Actieplan Zonnestroom wil 4 gigawatt in 2020

Position paper pv vindt deels gehoor bij topteams Rijk

Pionieren met Peer+, Femtogrid en Dimark Solar

Juni

/jul

i 201

1Ja

arga

ng 2

, num

mer

2

Solar magazine nummer 5.indd 1 19-06-11 20:46

N A T I O N A A L V A K T I J D S C H R I F T J U N I 2 0 1 1

INHOUD

‘LEASEMARKT KANS OM EV ALS SERVICE TE VERKOPEN’

DRIVE4ELECTRIC: PIONIEREN EN INNOVEREN IN FRIESLAND

FORMULE E-TEAM 2.0 VOLOP IN DE STEIGERS

QWIC: UITGROEIEN TOT EEN VAN DE TWEE GROOTSTE EUROPESE URBAN SCOOTERFABRIKANTEN

ALFEN/ICU CHARGING STATIONS: ‘2011 EEN SUCCES ALS WIJ DUIZEND LAADPALEN LEVEREN’

HENRY LI: ‘NEDERLAND KAN VOOR BYD GEWENSTE PILOTMARKT WORDEN’

TIM CORONEL GOES ELECTRIC

MET NEDERLANDS CLUSTER...

e-mobility 3.indd 1 06-06-11 21:13

D U T C H M A G A Z I N E E C A R T E C M U N I C H 2 0 1 1

CONTENT

DUTCH TECHNOLOGY FACILITATES ELECTRIC DAKAR COMPETITOR

VISIT THE HOLLLAND E-MOBILITY HOUSE AT HALL A5, STAND 204

DUTCH DRIVE IN AUTOMOTIVE AND SMART GRID TECHNOLOGY DTI INTRODUCES INNOVATIVE TRANSMISSIONS FOR HYBRID AND ELECTRIC VEHICLES

DUTCH COMPANIES ESTABLISH KEYPOSITION AMONG SUPPLIERS OF CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURE

DUTCH E-MOBILITY FROM INNOVATION INTO PRACTICE

Wiep Folkerts eerste directeur Applicatiecentrum

Inschrijvingen Dutch Solar Awardsoffi cieel geopend

Tienjarig jubileum Oskomera Solar Power Solutions

Okt

ober

201

1Ja

arga

ng 2

, num

mer

3

Solar magazine nummer 6.indd 1 03-10-11 22:59

Dutch magazines about sustainabilityvisit www.egmedia.nl

ICU facilitates easy and reliable electric driving

ALFEN bv | PO Box 1042, 1300 BA Almere, The Netherlandstel: + 31(0)36 - 549 34 00 | E-mail: [email protected]

In many cities, electric driving will play

a prominent role in the future. ALFEN

is convinced of this. We believe in

electric driving. As do politicians, the

automotive industry, the energy sector,

a large sector of trade and industry and

an increasing number of consumers.

Electric driving is clean, cheap, simple

and sustainable and good performance

is guaranteed.

ICU: Integrated Charging UnitFor the simple charging of electric cars

and other vehicles ALFEN provides a

complete range of solutions under the

name ICU, which stands for Integrated

Charging Unit. ALFEN has now

installed ICUs in the public areas of

dozens of towns.

Comprehensive brochureYou can fi nd out all about the various

ICU solutions in the ICU brochure. The

brochure also provides lots of back-

ground information and interesting

facts about electric driving.

Electric driving is the future

Download or request the brochure atwww.icu-charging-stations.com

210911_AD_ICU_UK_A4.indd 1 21-09-11 10:44