AGARD-R76 3

* AGARD REPORT No.763

I'lerk'inmance Assessment Register

D)TIC

DISTRIBUTION AND AVAILABILITYON BACK COVER

l 'o aJ 1

AGARD-R-763

NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZATION

ADVISORY GROUP FOR AEROSPACE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

(ORGANISATION DU TRAITE DE L'ATLANTIQUE NORD)

AGARD Report No.763

PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT REGISTER

Working Group 12 Preliminary Report

Aooession For

N-iTIS GRA&I------VDTIC TABUnannounced EJustification

CdsDTIC

AvailabilitY Codes QM'Ava'n and/or

Dist Special

A-(

This Report was sponsored by the Aerospace Medical Panel of AGARD.

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Aftesemo. coa"&f

THE MISSION OF AGARD

According to its Charter, the mission of AGARD is to bring together the leading personalities of the NATO nations inthe fields of science and technology relating to aerospace for the following purposes:

- Recommending .ffective ways for the member nations to use their research and development capabilities for thecommon benefit of the NATO community;

- Providing scientific and technical advice and assistance to the Military Committee in the field of aerospace research

and development (with particular regard to its military application);

- Continuously stimulating advances in the aerospace sciences relevant to strengthening the common defence posture;

- Improving the co-operation among member nations in aerospace research and development;

- Exchange of scientific and technical information;

- Providing assistance to member nations for the purpose of increasing their scientific and technical potential;

- Rendering scientific and technical assistance, as requested, o other NATO bodies and to member nations inconnection with research and development problems in the aerospace field.

The highest authority within AGARD is the National Delegates Board consisting of officially appointed seniorrepresentatives from each member nation. The mission of AGARD is carried out through the Panels which are composed ofexperts appointed by the National Delegates, the Consultant and Exchange Programme and the Aerospace ApplicationsStudies Programme. The results of AGARD work are reported to the member nations and the NATO Authorities throughthe AGARD series of publications of which this is one.

Participation in AGARD activities is by invitation only and is normally limited to citizens of the NATO nations.

The content of this publication has been reproduceddirectly from material supplied by AGARD or the authors.

Published August 1988

Copg .MgtC, \GARD 1985All Rights Reserved

ISBN 92-835-0474-7

Printed by Specialised Printing Services Limited40 Chigwell Lane F 'ughton. Fssex (;o n'7

ii

FOREWORD

The Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development (AGARD) is an agency created by NATO to promotecommunication and collaboration on aerospace-related topics. Working Group 12 of the AGARD Aerospace Medical Panelwas formed at the beginning of 1987 to investigate methods of assessing human performance. Its major function is to evaluatethe effects of environmental stressors; its activities, however, may also be of interest to those who wish to assess individualdifferences in information-processing capabilities. Although most members of the working group have professional interests inaviator performance, other military and civil applications will not be ignored.

Attempts to integrate findings from penormance studies are frustrated by wide variations in testing methods. Partlybecause of its roots in the experimental rather than the psychometric tradition, performance assessment is perhaps the onlyarea of mental testing in which standardisation is not a routine component of test construction. Paradoxically, there appears tobe a fair degree of consensus regarding the types of task useful in performance studies. Tests of tracking, memory scanning, andverbal reasoning, for example, are frequently reported. But the differences in protocol between versions of these tasksrepresent a source of confounding that may be responsible for many of the apparent inconsistencies ;i the literature.

The major goal of Working Group 12 is to develop a standardised test battery, satisfying conventional psychometriccriteria such as reliability, validity, and sensitivity, for which an extensive data base may be compiled. The intention is not todevelop new tests, but to formalise the administrative protocol of tests that are already well-accepted. The data base for eachstandardised test, which will be made as freely accessible as possible to performance researchers, will serve the followingfunctions:

I. Compare individual scores to test norms: This may be useful, for example, in personnel selection, or in experimentalstudies in which practical constraints preclude the i'clusion of a suitable controi group.

2. Investigate the pattern of effects of a particular stressor: The data base will reveal those cognitive functions mostsusceptible to disruption by a given stressor, and the effects of variation in stressor intensity.

3. Compare different stressor effects on performance of the same set of tests: The development of theory may be facilitatedby comparison of stressor effects, currently rendered difficult by test variations.

4. Investigation of the effects of 'incidental' variables: Since it is envisaged that contributions to the data base will includeelementary subject and procedural information, it will be possible to investigate the effects of variab'.zs, such as age, sex, ortime of day, that are not addressed directly by individual studies.

Each member of the working group sent a simple questionnaire to researchers in his own country wiio are active inperformance testing. The responses have been collated in the form of the present -.-gister which, it is hoped, will facilitate thecommunication between laboratories necessary for the success of the standardization programme. The progress made by theworking group will be reported by means of an AGARD advisory publication and a lecture series.

The register was compiled at the Human Engineering Division of Wright Patterson Air Force Base, USA. We wish toexpress our gratitude to all who took the time to respond to our appeal for information, as well as Ms Melodie Morrow. whoorganised the entries, Mrs Iris Davis and Mr Sean Layne, who deciphered and edited the questionnaire responses. and Mr TedNieland, who was responsible for the final printing of the register.

Members of the Workinsg Group:

Dr Guy Santucci, Chairman, FranceDr Louis Boer, The NetherlandsDr Eric Farmer, Great BritainDr Klaus-Martin Goeters, GermanyDr James Grissett, United StatesDr RJ.Heslegrave, CanadaMr Edwin Schwartz, GermanyDr Anthony Wetherell, Great BritainDr Glenn Wilson, United States

Mr Brian Crowell, AMP Executive, CanadaMr Randy Yates. Consultant, United States

NOTE

All researcher t, ms i~iJ in th; Register will receive the Register. Such will not be the case, however, for the FinalReport to be published by the Working Group in mid- 1989; distiLuti,- of that document ,vill be limited to normal distributionfor AGARD documents. Those not receiving a copy of the Final Report should contact their national disinbution centre. aslisted on the back cover of this publication, if they wish to receive a copy.

• • - mm ~~~~~~~~~~~ii lr mimmmmmmililiH 1III II

AVANT-PROPOS

Le Groupe Consultatif pour la Recherche et lea R~alisations Adrospatiales (AGARI)) est one agence creco par O'TANafin de promouvoir la communication et la co~iaboration dans le domaine aerospatial. Le groupo de travail No. 12 du Panel deMedecine Aerospatiale de l'AGARD a 6t constituit au debut de l'ann~c 1987 afin d'examiner les methodes employees pourl'&valuation des performances humaines. Sa mission principale est d'valuer los effets des etlements stress' nts del'environnement; toutefois, ses activit~s sont susceptibles dintlt-sser tous ceux qui sont appelds a 6valuer les differences quiexistent au niveau de la capacit6 de l'individu de traiter dle l'information. Bien que la majoritd des membres du groupe de trwailsoit professionnellement int~ress~c par les questions relatives aux performances des aviateurs, d'autres applications civiles cimilitaires sont 6galement 6tudies.

Les efforts faits pour integrer les r~sultats des titudes de performances se sont heurtes au probl~nie 'e la diversite desmitthodes de test employ~es; ccci tient en pat-tie au fsit que ccs 6tudcs trouvent leurs origines daits l'exp~rimctation puI U plusque dans la psychomdtrie traditionnelle, l'6valuation des capacites intcllectuellcs dans laquelle Ia notion de Ia standardisationdes tests psychologiques n'est pas systitmatiquemnent prise en compte lors de lItlabo-ation des m~thodes dc test.

Paradoxalement. ii apparait un concensus asscz marque en cc qui concerne les types dc teches qui seraient it incluce aos&tudes de performances. Des tests ayant poor objet d'6valuer Ia capacit6 de suivre un objet, le balayage de Ia mitmoire cl Ieraisonnement ,rba!. pa exemple. sont souvent signal~s. Pout-tant, les diffetrences qui existent so niveau des protoc.oles desdifferentes versions de ces tiehes repr~sentent one source de confusion qui eat peut-&tre A l'origine de hon nombre desdivergences constat6es dans Ia litt&aturc.

L'c'bjcctif principal du groupe de travail No. 12 eat de d6velopper une batterie de tests normulis~s. conformes aux crititrepsychom~triques classiques, tels que Ia ftabilite, Ia validitit et Ia sensivit6. pour laquelle one base de donndes importantepourrait arte compil&e Lo but n'est pas do d~velopper dle nouveaux teats. mais de for-maliser Ie protocole administratif des test%.dont l'utilit6 n'eat plus it d~montrer. La base dle donn~es de chaque test normalis set-a accessible. dans Ia mesure do possible.aux chereheurs dans le domaine do Ia performance. et aervira ass fonctions suivantes:

I . Comparaison entre los rdsultats individuels et los normes. Ces dotnn~cs poucront sav6rer intfeesantes lots de Ia setlectiondo personnel, par exemple. o darts !zcadre d'6tudcs exp~rimcntales nit la prfvision d'un groope addquat s'av reitmpossible pour des raisons d'ordre pratique.

2. Etude des effeta doun 616ment stressant bien d~fini. La base de donn~es indiquc les facult6s cognitives les plus sensihlesa05 effets perturbateurs d'un &lment atreasant donne et les effets des variations d'intensit6 de stress.

3. Comparaison des effets de diffitcents 6litmcnts stressantsau coors d'une m~me s~rie de teats. Le d&veloppement Lietheories peat ktre facilit6 par Ia comparaison des effets stressants. actuellement difficile en raison de Ia diversite des testsemploy&s

4. Etude des effets do certaines variables fortuites. Etant donn6 qu'il eat envisag6 d'inclure certainca informationsitfementaires concernant Ie aujol darts Ia base die donnees. sinai que los donntis sur lea proedures de teat. il sera possibledittudier lea effets de certaines variables telles quo l'Age et Ie soxo do sujot. voice mru~re hoot-c a laquello Ie test a 06r~alis6, lesquels no soft pas pris en compte directoment par lea 6tudcs individuelles.

Chaque menibre do groupe de travail a dlonnit on questionnaire sinylifid aux cherchelra de son pays travaillant dana ccdomaine particulier. Los r~ponses ont t6 rassembfe dana Ie pritsent recucil. afin do faciliter les 6changes d'informationa quisont niteossairos A Ia bonne marche do programme de normalisation entre les laboratoires. Les progr6t r~alisds par Ie groupeset-nt concr6tis~s aous fot-me d'un rapport consultatif do l'AGARD et d'un cycle de conferences.

Ce recucil a &6 comnpif par Ia Division Ergonomic de Ia Base Anrenne do Wright-Patterson sos USA. Nou.s tcnon; aremercior tous ceux qui ont bien voulo rfpondro A notre dlemande do renseignements. sinai quo Ms Melodic Morrow, qui acollationn6 le donn~ea, Mrs Iris Davis et Mr Sean Layne, qui ont d&chiffr-6 et mis en forme lea rdponses des questionnaires etMr Ted Nieland. responsable de 1' dition d~finitive.

Composition du Groupe de Travail

Dr Guy Santucci, France - Directeur do Groupe do TravailDr Louis Boor. Pays Baa Dr R.J.Heslegrsve. CanadaDr Eric Farmer, Angloterro Mr Edwin Schwartz, AllomagneOr Klaus-Ma-tin Gocters, Allemagne Dr Anthony Wetherell, AngloterreDr James Grisact. Etata-Unja Dr Glenn Wilson, Etats-Unis

Mr Brian Cross elI, Canada - Administratour do Panel do M~decine A~rospatialcMr Randy Yates, Etats-Unia - Consultant

NOTA

ClialuL 6quipe de recherche mentionnee dana ee Registre reccvra on exemplaire do Registre. Tel no sora pas Ie cas,pourtant, pour Ie Rapport Final, qui set-a publi pat-Ic Groupe do Travail la mi- 1989; Ia diffusion do cc document sot-a cellod'un Jocument AGARD normal. 1.os 'ersonnes %nontiirl . rer. , r on exemplaire dt rxicrni dlone Contatr leut rfa :6

,listrihotion national, tel qu'indiqu6 as dos de Id coo,; .ture de fa presente publication.

iv

AEROSPACE MEDI, 'I, PANEL OFFICERS

Chairman: Colonel Kiessen Deputy Chairman: Mr C.Bates, JrDirector of Aeromedical Services DirectorDanish Defence Command Human Engineering DivisionP.O. Box 202 AAMRL/H-EDK - 2950) Vedbaek Wright-Patterson AFBDenmark Ohio 45433-65 73

USA

PANEL EXECUTIVE

Major J.AWinshipAGARfl-NATO7, Rue Ancette92200 Neuilty sur SeineFrance

CONTENTS

Page

FORE WORD/A VANT-PROPOIS i

AEROSPACE MEDICAL PANEL OFFICERS v

TELEPHONE INFORMATION vii

AUTHOR INDEX viii

KEYWORD INDEX x

ADDRESS INDEX xxvii

REGISTRY I

vi

Telephone Information

The listed telephone numbers are those supplied on the completed questionnaires. Country codes are provided in theparentheses preceding the telephone number. This information should enable you to contact someone from outside theircountry. However, telephoning from within the various countries involves unique procedures depending upon the country.We have provided below instructions for calling within several of the countries to help foreign visitors. The local operatorscan be consulted for further information and must be relied upon for countries not listed. The within country area code is

typically the first group of numbers following the country code.

Canada

If you are making a call within the same city or its vicinity then just dial the seven digit number. If you are calling fromwithin the same area code but to a different city. omit the area code. dial a I + the seven digit nutber. If you are calling

from outside 'he area code you want to reach dial 1 + the area code and the seven digit number.

France

In Paris and its metropolitan area dial the 8 digits. From Paris to the rest of France dial 16 + 8 digits. To dial Paris

from other areas in France dial 16 + 1 + 8 digits.

Germany

It is necessary only to add 0 to the beginning of the number.

The Netherlands

Dial 0 + the area code and wait for a high pitched tone. Then dial the rest of the number.

United Kingdom

Add a 0 to the beginning of the area code and dial the entire number. If you are in the immediate vicinity of your call

destination, it may be necessary to dial a local area code for which you must consult a local directory or inquire of the operator.

United States

When calling within the same city and its surrounding area just dial the seven digit number. If you are calling a differentcity in the same area code, omit the area code, dial a I + the seven digit number. If you are calling from another area code

then dial I + the area code and the seven digit number.

vii

Author Index Deelnnan. B.G. (Brouwer. W.H.), 11Dirkzwagt...-, 19Dowd, 1P. (Schiflett, S.). 90Droog, A. (Willigers. F.), 111

Author (listed wvith). page Dryden, R.D. (Snyder, H.L.). 95Duhm. E. (Lijer. C.), 66

Abel, S. (Forshaw. S.). 31 d'Ydewalle. G., 20Abele-Brehmn. A., 1 Dye, L.. 20Algera, J.. 1 Dyk, T.M van. 20Althoff, K.. 2 D~ktuis, J.H., 21Altink-van den Berg. W. (Algera. J.). I Nkstra. A., 22Amelang, M.. 2Andriesse, P.S. (Rozeboorn. R.M.), 86 Egeraat. J M. van (Snysder, C.A.), 9-5Angus, K.G. (Heslegrave, R.J.), 49 Elselt, W. (Schoetfel, R.), 92Aptel, M. (Meyer, J..), 70 Eisenhardt. T., 22Arbak, C., 3 Eling, P., 23

Backs R..Ellis, H.D., 23Bacdesey . 4 Enien, 11.1., 24

Baddeey, .. 4Engelbrech, W.. 24Baltes. P.B. (KiegI. R.), 59 Englunad. ('.E. 25

Battste V.(Har, SG.) 43Erickson. J.B. (Gabriel. R.F.(. 34Beaumont, .. , 5 Erke. H., 26Behbehani, K. (Kondraske. C.V.). 60 Ertel, S. (Liler. C.). 66Beideman, L-, 5 Extra, i., 26Bennett, C.T. (Hart. S.C.). 43 Ente.FM a,2Berrken, J.H.L. van deTn (Bruyn. E.E.J. (de). 11 Ente.FM a.2Bhatti, 3. (Hindmarch. L.), 50 Fadden, D.M., 27Biferno, M.A.. 6 Fahrenberg, J.. 28Boethouwer, A., 7 Falckenberg. B.. 28Boer, L.C., 7 Farmer, E., 29Bogaard, i.M.. 8 Feler, F., 30Born, M.P. (Algera. J.), I Flier. H. van der, 30Bortolusa), M. (Hart. S.C.). 43 Florn, R.. 31Boschman, M.C. (Roufs, i.A.J.). 86 Folgering. H. (Hersnaarden, L.), 47Bosma, 9 Forshaw, S., 31Bousqoct. A. (Meyer. 2.3.), 70 Fowler, B.. 32Bout. J.V.D. (D~tkhuis, J.H.). 21 Fracker, M.L. (Wilson, CF.). 112Brand, N., 9 Frauenfelder. U. (Di~kstra. A.), 22Braune, RiJ. (Fadden. D.M.). 27 Friihlich, W.. 32Bressler, S.L. (Cevins. A.S.). 35 Funke. J.. 33Broadbent,.DBE., 10 Funke, U. (Schuler, H.). 92Brookhuis. K., 10Brouwer. W.H.. 11 Gabriel. R.F., 34Bruvo y, E.E.J. de. 11 Gaillard, A.W.K. (Boer, L.C.), 7Bugat, M.C. (Hyacinthe. M.C.), 51 Galen, C. (Thomassen. A.), 102Borkard, F.. 12 Gallbofer, I.N.. 34IByrdorf, P.. 12 Geer, C.W. (Hebenstreit. W.J.). 44

Genon, J1., 35Call, F. (Florit, R.), 31 Gevins, A.S., 35Caminada, H.P.G.M.. 13 Cier, iiJ. de (O'Hanlon. IF.). 78Casali, 3.0. (Snyder. H.L.), 95 Cillard. M.C. (Hyacinthe. M.C.). 51Charlton, S.G. (Courtright, IF.), 16 Gilliland. K., 36Childs, 3. (Courtright. .F.. 16 Giry. M.C. (Hyacinthe, M.C.). 51Christensen. C. (Courtright. I.F.. 16 Goeters. K.M.. 37Chwialkowski. M. (Kondraske, C-V.). 60 Good, A.. 37Cohen, L., 14 Greer, D. (Cevins, A.S.). 35Coleston, D.M.. 14 Creuter, M.A.M, 38Colle, H.A., 15 Crievink. E. (Broyn. E.E.J. de), 11Cooke. K.M.. 15 Griffin, M., 38Corwin, W.H. (Biferno. M.A.). 6 Grind, W.A. van de, 39Courtright, IF-. 16 Groot, CA., 39Cox, N. (Hermaarden, L.), 47 Gront, C. De (Ingen Schenau. CIJ. van), 52Craig, A., 17 Gros, E., 40Curtin, J. (Walrath, L.), 107 Cuillerinain. H. (Neboit, M.), 76

Dam-Baggen, C.M.J. Van, 17 Hancock. P.A.. 40Damns. D., 18 Hansen. H.D. (Falckenberg. B.), 28Daa-Smaal, E.A.. 18 Hansen, L., 41Debus, C. (Sanders. A.F.), 87 Harris Sr., R.L., 42

viii

Harseveld. M., 42 Lourejis, P.., 66Hart. S.C.. 43 Lier. G.. 66Hartmjan. H.O., 43HauBer (Roth). 85 Maarse, . J .. 67Hatike, G. 44 Maeseti de Sombrel). P.E.A.MN. van der (Zaal. J N.J. 114HO eiistreit. W.J. 44 Maltizahn. W. von (Kondraske. CV.). 60Heemstra. M.L., 45 Manzey D. (Coet(.rs. KAI.t. 37Hella. F. (Nebot. M.), 76 Martin. F.. 67Hendrikx, A.J.P.. 45 McKay, CG. 68Hendy. K.C.. 46 Meere. 3.3. van der. 658Herberg. K.W., 46 Mehncrt. P. (Cros. E.). 41)Hermaarden. L., 47 Mellaard. MI. CGod. A.). 37Hernians. P.R.. 48 Melter (Roth). 85Rerpt. L.W.A. van. 48 Meltzer. P.R. )Zaal. J.N.). 114Heslegrave. RiJ., 49 Mei:lvnbrock. It. (Thoiasseit. A.). 102He~iden. M.K. van der. 49 Menu. J.P.. 69Hindmarch, 1., 50 Metaus. S.A. (Hiferno. M.A.), 6Hoevenaais. J. (Dykhuis. JRH.). 21 Meyer. iiJ.. 701

Hoffmnanni. 3.3. (Veron, G5.), 105 Meyer. i.P.. 701Hoh. G.i.. 106 Meyinan. TP. (Muilet. G;.). 74Hollander. A.P. (Ingen Schenau. G.J. vanl). 52 Meyiers. A.R. (Hermnan,. P.14.). 48Hoojsrna. J.. 51 Miehalik. C.. 71Houtotans. MiNIM. (Broyn. E.El. dle). 11 Millar. K.. 72Hulst~n, W. )Thornm.sen. A.). 102 Miller. i. C.. 72Hyacithe. M.C.. 51 1Miller. .1. TP.. 73Hymoan, R. (Brand. N.). 9 Molemiaij. P. 'Thilen. J.). 103

Monity HA.. 73Ilies. J. (Cevis. A.S.). 35 Mloray. N.. 74Ingeri Schenau, CiJ. van. 52 Morgan. N.H. (Cevins. A.S.). 35Ippel.1... 52 Mulder. C.. 74

Mulder. L. (Mulder. G .). 74.Jackson. J. (Moulder, C.). 74ioaD Mllr iI'(.7Jacobs, 1L. 53 Myrtek. MI. )Fahrenherg, J1.). 28Janke. W.. 54.Johnson. WV. (Hart. S.C. . 431 Naehrajner, 75Jong. J.H.A.L. de. 54 Natay... K.. 76Jon1g. P. de )Das.Sniaal, P.A.). 18 Neboit. M.. 76Jong, R. de (Dykhuis, JRH.), 21 Nitscl. .77Jonig, H. de. 55 Noordinan. L.. 77Juni. H.. 55iocna. P.C.A.M. (Boer. L.C.). 7 Oatinan. 1L.. 78

lYHarilon. I.F.. 78Kantewitz. B.H.. 56 Orleheke. I.F. Ponen. R..24Keernink. C.T. )Wildt, CA.. vax Iler). 1101 Otte (Roth). 85Kelly. B.D. (Fadden. D.M.(. 27Kenimerling Jr.. P.T. (Snyder. H.L. 1. 95 Padmtos. P.. 79Kennedy. KS.. 57 Pape. P. (Kondraske. CVX.). 60Kerkhof. G;.A., 57 Patat. A. (Klein. M).58Kisser. H. (Mlirhalik. C.). 71 Pawlik. K.. 79Klapp. S.T.. 58~ Pearson. W.H. (Wilson. C.F.). 112Klehel. E. )INIJhalik. C.). 71 Pelgruni. XV.J.. 80Klein. M.J.. 58 Perrez.M.. 80Kliegl, R.. 59 Perrig, WV. (Striner. C;.). 97Knenderink. J.i.. 59 Peters. ... 81

Kondraske. (;V., 60 Pfendler. C. (Widlel. H.). 1019Koorernan. A.. 60 Pigeau. H. (Heslegrave. HiJ.). 49Knot. J.M., G1 Plaats. It. van der jTlorr~isseo. A.). 1012Kraairnaat. F.W. (Darn-Haggen. I'.M.J. Van), 17 Plomp. 'P.3. (Pelgnitni, WIJ.), 80Kramier. A.. 61 Potnd, DIJ.. 82Kroptncr. K.H.E. (Snyder. H.L.). 95 Pope. A.T. (Harris Sr.. R.L.l. 42

Portier. .I.A.C. (Fowler, B.). 32Leenders, IHR.. 62 Postoles. .1. (Cond. A.). 37Leigh. T.. 63 Pouw. E. (Flier. H. van der). 30Levison, W.H.. 63 Povel. D. (Thornassen. A.). 1112Lewis. N. (Schiffett. S.). 90 Price. D.L. (Snyder. D.L.). 95Liebrand. W.B.C. 64Logie. R.H.. 64 Rarneckerq, F. (Rno.elo, .KM.). 86Long. J.B.. 65 Reidl, CDB. (Wilson. C.F.). 112Lorenz. B. (Coeters. K.NI.1.7 Rey. 1. (Meyer. .1 .1.). 71)

ix

Riedel, W.J. (O'Hanlon, IF.), 78 Ven, A.H.G.D. van der (Roskam, E.). 84Rieke, K. (Nitsch, J.), 77 Verbraak, A.F.M. (Bogaard. J.M.). 8Riel, M.P.J.M. (Snjders, C.J.), 95 Veron. G., 105Risser, R. (Michalik, C.), 71 Versprille, A. (Bogeard, JM.). 8Rizzuto, A., 83 Vidulich, M. (Hart, S.G.), 43Robbe, H.W. (O'Hanlon, I.F.), 78 Vidulich, M. (Wilson, G.F.), 112Rodenburg, M., 83 Vossel, G. (Fr6lich. W.), 32Roskam, E., 84 Vries, H. de, 106Rothengatter, J.A., 85Roth, 85 Wales, T., 106

Roufs. J.A.J., 86 Walrath, L., 107

Rozeboom, R.M., 86 Wertheim, A.H.. 107Wetherell, A.. 108

Salasne, P., 87 White. T.N., 108

Sanders, A.F., 87 Widdel, H.. 109Savelsbergh, G.J.P, 88 Wiedemann, J. (Fadden, D.M.). 27Schaafstal, A. 88 Wiedl, K.H., 110Schalk, M., 88 Wientjes. C.J.E. (Boer t..C.). 7Scheiblechner, H., 89 Wierwille. W.W. (bnyder. H.L.). 95

Schick, F.V., 89 Wijers, A. (Mulder, G.). 74Schiflett, S., 90 Wildt, C.J. van der. 110Schlegel, R.E., 90 Willeges. R.C. (Snyder. H.L,). 95Schmitt, A. (Abele-Brehm), I Williams. K.N. (Biferno. M.A.), 6Schneider, H.D. (Perrez, M.), 80 Willigers. F., 111

Schneider, W.. 91 Wilson. F.W. (Long, Ib.). 65Schoeffel, R., 92 Wilson, G.F., 112Schoenmakers, E. (O'Hanlon, I.F.), 78 Wilson. S.. 112Schoonman, W. (Flier. H. van der), 30 Wit, H., 113Schrbder, A. (Abele-Brehm), I Wittersheim. G.. 113Schreuder. R. (D;kstra, A.). 22 Wolters. N., 114Schuler, H., 92Schiitte, 93 7aal, IN., 114

Schwartz, E., 93 Zielinksi. W. (Amelang, M.). 2

Seifert. K.H., 94 Zomneren, A.ll. van (Brouwer. W.H.). II

Shively, R.J. (Hart, S.G.). 43

Snyder. H.L., 95Snjders, C.J., 95

S6men, H.D., 96Son, M.J.M. van (D)khuis. J.H.). 21Sonnentag, S. (Erke, H.), 26

Spekreise. H.. 97Star., H. (Bogaard. J.M.), 8Steiner, G., 97Stern. 98Steyvers. F., 98Stone, G. (Gabriel, R.F.), 34

Storm, W. (Schiflett, S.), 90Strong. R., 99Swets-Gronert, F.A., 100

Taylor, B.H. (Courtright, IF.). 16Teipel, D., 100TenbrigsH. (Thomassen. A.). 102

Theunissen, T., 101Thiessen. M.. 101Thomassen, A., 102TisserandM. (Neboit, M.). 76

Toormnler, K. (Erke. H.). 26Trost, G.. 102

Tsang, P. (Colle, H.A.). 15Tulen, J., 103

Ut'tdehaage, B. (Emmen. H.H.), 24

Vaitl. D.. 104Valk J.P.J. de, 104Veen, J.A.F. van der (Hermans, P.H.), 48Veldman, . (Mulder, G.). 74

Veldt, R. van der (Goud. A.). 37

. - •IIS •1 • I l / •• l n IWnll

Keywordorden. N. H. G(eviin. A.S.), 35Keyw rd I dexNeboit. M-. 76

Perrez. NI.. 80Poind. D.J.. 82

Postnien. J. (Goud, A.) 37

Keyword Price. D.L. (Snyder. 31..K95

A4uthor (listed with), page Sehanfstal, A. 88Scliilett S. .. 9(0Sc!,rnitt . A. (Ahee- Brehim, I

Decision Making Schnider. I-.D. (Prrri. M.). HAbele-Brehin A., I Schroder. A. (Abele-Brehin).IBercken. J.1-IL. van den (Bruyn, E.E.J. dle). 11 Seifert. K.D.. 94Brand. N.. 9 Sye.IL.9Bressler. S.L. (Gevins, A.S.). 35 Stoe. . 95bieRF..3Brouwer, W.H.. it Storm. W. (Sclnflett. S.). 90Bruyn. E.E.J. de, 11 Stog R.. 99Byrdorf. P.. 12 TisseratndM. (Nehoit. NI.). 76Canali. J.G. (Snyder, H.L.). Oj Valk. J.P.. de. 104Cooke. R.NI.. 15 Veldt. R1. vail tier I(;onii. A.). 317Craig, A.. 17 Veron. G.. 10)5Beeltoan. B.G. (Brouwer, W.H.). 11 Wetherell. ,108Dirkzwager. .19 Whiite. T.N.. 108Dowd. P. (Sehiflett. S.). 9(0 Wierwille. \WW (Stivder. IlL 1 . 95Droog. A. (Wiligers. F.). I1 I I illeges D.C. (Snyder. ILL.). 95Dryden, R.D. (Snyder. D.L.). 97, Willigers*. I. IllErick, ii. 3DB. (Gabriel. R.F.). 34 Wil.oti. F.W. (Long. .333). 615E((natten. F.N3. van. 27 Wilson. S.. 112Falikenberg. B.. 28 Zotisron, A .H. van O lrmmier. i.1L.I

Febler. F.. 30Funko, J., 33G;abriel, REF.. 34Galihofer. 3 .N.. 34 Divided Attention

Geer, ('AV. 1 lebentyreit . \V... 44 Altele-Breliii..I

Getnon. 3.. 15 Baek,, R-41

Gevinn, A.S., 35 Dadrlelev. A.. I1

(Conid. A.. 37 Daitiste, \. (Ilart. S.(;.). 43

Greer. B. (Gevnms. .S.). 35 lkaett, .IT. (I art . S.(;. ,. 413

(;rievitik. E. (Bron. F. de). I I lBortoluisni. M. ((Ian r C . 1:3

Celi NM.. 38 Dressler. S ((' in A.S.j .7,1

Citillerinain, H. ) Nelmoit. M.). 76 Brookhnin. K.. 10

Hancock. P.A.. 10 Broiwer. W.D.. 11

Hansen. HD. (Falckeii3erg. 13.. 28 t3ynulorf. P'.. 12

Dartmnt, B ''.. 43 3 anali. J . (ISnyler. I.LL.). 95

Ilauke. (-. 44 (Nlle. hIA.. 15llebemstreit. WiJ.. 4W Curtini. .1. I Walratli. L.). 107

Fella, F. (Nehoit. NI.), 76 Damio,, D.. I8

Derbeng. K.W.. 43 Dan-Smal. E.A.. 18

Hoiffmannti .. I Verom . G.). 305 Dehin. . ( Sanlder.. Al.. t17

lloutunans. NI .N. Bnumyn. F.E.J . dlet. It I eelnam. B.. ( [roiwen.WI. I

Hymni. I3 { 1raid. N .), 9 [Dowd. P. 1 Sehiflet I. S.)I. 91)

Illes. I1 , ,. ins. A.S.) 35 3)roog. A. (illigers. F.). I Il

long. .)11 A.L. de. 541 Dryenim B.D. (Snder. 31.3.. )5

,3or. [L.. 5u5

dl Viewalle. 3G.. 203

Keiunerlitig Jr.. PT. (Snyder. 9L.).1 Dkstra. .22

Kerkliof. G;.A.. 57 K.n1: elt. W . ( Scuefel. 3R.). 92

Kromter, K 'I.E. (Sn *yder. 1lL.). 95 31litig. P.. 2:3

Lewis. N. (Seliilett S.) 9() Elli,. HD.. 2:3

3,iebratud. W.BG. 64 Kricknti ... (1 alniel. 3.3K). :3-1

Long.,B. 65 Falekeuleng, B., 28

Louretus. P. F.. 66 Farmuer, E.. 29

Martin. F-. 67 Feliler, F.. :30

NMcKay. (;,. 68 Flior. H. van (ter. 331

Nlcere. .3.. van (Ier. 68 Frauiutfeluler. 3. 'D 3)ksa e .5. 22

NMellaard. M. )tGoud, 1,.1. :17 Frolich. kV. :32

Menu. J. R. 69 3 abmniel . 33.3.. 34

Miller. J. T.. 7:3 (;eon, J3.. 3.5

N''onty. BA.. 7:3 (;enitin. A.S.. :35

Moran. N.. 74 Gier. A.le (O3llaulmo. .3.3K) 78

X)

Goeters, K.M.. 37 Storm, W. (Schiflett, S.). 90Greer, D. (Gevins, A.S.), 35 Thiessen, .M., 101Groot, CA., 39 Tsang. P. (Colle. H.A.), 15Hancock, P.A., 40 Veen, J.AF. van der (Hermans. P.H.). 48Hansen, H.D. (Falckenberg, B.), 28 Veldman, J. (Mulder, G.). 74Harsveld. M., 42 Veron. G., 105Hart, S.G., 43 Vidulich, M. (Hart, S.G.), 43Hartman, B.O., 43 Vossel, G. (Frdlich, W.), 32Heemnstra, M.L., 45 Walrath. L., 107Hendrikx, A.J.P., 45 Wertheim, A.H.. 107Herberg, K.W., 46 Wetherell, A., 108Hermans, P.H., 48 Wierwille, W.W. (Snyder, H.L.), 95Hoffmnann,. ii. (Veron, G..), 105 Wijers. A. (Mulder, G.), 74Illes. J. (Gevins. A.S.), 35 Willeges, R.C. (Snyder, H.L.), 95Jackson, J. (Mulder, G.), 74 Willigers, F., IllJohnson, W. (Hart. 5.G.). 43 Wilson, F.W. (Long. J.B.). 65Jong, P. de (Das-Smaal, E.A.), 18 Wittersheinj, G., 113J6ri, H., 55 Zorneren, A.H. van (Brouwer, W.H.(, 11Kantowitz, B.H.. 56Kemnmerling Jr., P.T. (Snyder, H.L.), 95Kisser, R. (Michalik, C.), 71Eniom taSteorKlapp, S.T., 58 Aniongu R.G (esgrv.R.,4

Klebel. E. (Michalik. C.). 71 HAddeue, ., 4Hserv, .. ,4Kramer, A., 61 Bousqet, A., (Myr4 i,7

Kroemer. K.H.E. (Snyder. H.L.). 95 Bout, J.V.D. (Meyeri, .. (. 21

Levison. W.H.. 63 Boeut .D. 10kuiJH..2

Lewis, N. (Schiffett, S.). 90 Brookhuis, K.E. 10

Lorn. J.. 65etrs H..,3ugat. M.C. (Hyacinthe. M.C.). 51Lornz.y H. (Goeters. K.M.) 37 Hyrdorf. P., 12

Martn.y IE., 67etra KM)ail, F. (Floru, R.). 31

Mca. G., 67 Debus, G.. (Sanders. A.lFX(. 87

Meere. J.J. van der. 68 Dye. L., 20

Menu. J.P.. 69 Dyk. T.M. van, 20Mc~es. AR. (ennns, .H.) 48D~khuis, J.H., 21

Meyers. AT. (Muler.s H.). 748 Eiselt. W. (Schoeffel. R.), 92

Mirhalik. C.. 71 Elisnart T... 2

Miller. J. C.. 72EliHD 2

Monty, R.A.. 73 Erke, H.. 26Moray. N.. 74 Farmer. E., 29

Morgan. N.H. (Gevins. A.S.). 35 Fe~ln, R., 30.Mulder, G.. 74 Flowler ., 32

Mulder, L. (Mulder. G..). 74 Goeon J., 32Natani. K.. 76 (Gillard M.. (Hainh.5 5

O'Hanlon. I.F., 78 Gillry. MC. (Hyacinthe. MC.) 51

Perrig. W. (Steiner. G.), 97 Goud, .. 37aith.MC.,5

Pond. D.., 82 Griffin ., 38

Pouw, E. (Flier, H. van der), 30 Grin, ., 40

Price, D.L. (Snyder. H.L.(, 95 Geensr, .L. 45

Riedel, WiJ. (O'Hanlon, i.F.). 78 Hermans, P... 4

Risser, R. (Michalik. C.), 71 Hesrave .H.. 49

Rizzuto, A., 83 Hosevei, F.J., 4Dk9iJH.2Robbe. H.W. (O'Hanlon, iF.). 78 Hoffmnan, iJ. (Veis, J..). 1

Sanders. A.F., 87 Hofifma, i.. (Vrn I ) 0

Savelsbergh. GiJP, 88 Hyosacth, M., 51

Schiflett. S., 90 Jacsn.he .1.ud, 1 ).7

Schmitt, A. (Abele-Brehm), 1 Jacko, 1. (Mle,3 .. 7Schneider. W.. 91 Jankb, WL, 54

Schoeffel. ft.. 92JakW,5Schoenmakers, E. (O'Hanlon. i.E.), 78 Jung. R. dle (Dykhuis. ill.), 21

Schooniman. W. (Flier. H. van der), 30 Joni, H.. 55Schreuder, R. (Dykstra, A.). 22 Long.e i.E. 6Schriider, A. (Abele-Brehm), I Ln.JB,6

Shively, R.J. (Hart. S,.;.j 43 Mehnert, P. (Gros, E.). 40

Snyder. H.L.. 95 Mellaard, M. (tGoud. A.). 37Steiner. CG., 97 Menu. J.P. 69Stone. G. (Gabriel. R.F.). 34 Meyer. il.. 70

Mppers. A.R. (Herroans. P.H.), 48

xii

Mevmnan. T. (Mulder. G.). 74 Goeters K.M.. 7Millar. K.. 72 G,,cr, D. ((;evihs. A.S ). 35Mulder. G., 7' Groot. (.J.. 39Mulder. L. (Mulder, G.), 74 Hlansen. H.D. (Faltrkenlberg. 13.). 28Padmos, P., 79 Hiartinman .HO., 4:3Pfendler, C. (Widdel. H.). 109 Hi'ciistra. M.L.. 45Pigeau. R. (Hesleg-rave. HiJ.). 49 Hcendrikx. A.J.P. 43Porlier, J.AG. (Fowler. B.). 32 Hcrberg, K.W.. 46PommueS. J. (Good, A.). 37 Hermnans, P.H. 48Rey, P. (Meyer, ii.). 70 Hleslegrave. RiJ.. 49Salarne. P., 87 Hc)~en. M.K. val (ter. 419Sanders. A.F.. 87 Illes, .1. (Gevins. A.S.) :35Schalk, .88 Jackson. J. (Mulder. G.). 74Schoeffel, R.. 92 Jong, J.H.A.L. 'Ie. 54Son. M.J.M. van (D(ykhuis, i.H.). 21 Jong. P. d(Ic)Ia.Smiaal, E.A.), 18Soninentag. S. (Erke. H.). 26 iorn. H.. 55Steyvers, F.. 98 Kamtowitz. 13.11.- 56Strong. R.. 99 Keniuunlig Jr.. P.T. (Snyder. IlL.). 95Toemniler. K. (Erke. H.), 26 Kisser. H1. (Michalik. C'.), 71Veen, J.AF. van (ter (Hfernians. P.H.). 48 KleIbel. E. (Mirhlik. C'.). 71Veldtnan. J. (Mulder. G.), 74 Kieni. M.. 58Veldt. R. van der (Goud. A.). 37 Koenderink .. 359Veron. G.. 103 Kramer. A.. (i1Wertheim. A.H.. 107 Kromner, K.H.E. (Snyder. 111.). 95Wetherell. A.. 108 Long. J.B.. 635Widdel. H.. 109 Lorenzy. B). (Goters. K.M.). 37Wijers. A. (Mulder. G.), 74 Manzey. D). (;leti'r, KM ). 37Wilson. F.W. (Long. JRB.). 63 Martin. E.. 67Wittershem. G.. 113 Meere.IJ.. van (der. 68

Menu. i.P., 69Metaus. S.A. I Hiferno. M.A.)I. 6

Focused Attention Mvrs. Alli. (Ilermns. P.11.)1, 8Andress, PS. Rozbooi. AL) 86Meyman. T. ( Mulder. G.). 74

Angus. R.G. (Heslegrave. RIJ.). 49 Mic11 i. C- 72

Backs. R.. 4 Nflr .C.7

Haddeley. A.. 4 Morgan, N.1H. (1 cr111. A.S.). :35Iliferno. M.,6 Mtlder. C.. 7-1

Bressler. S. L. (G evins, A.S.). :15 Mulder. L ( Mulder. (;.). 71

Broadbent , D.EF., Ill ()Elanloti. .F.. 78Brookhuis, K.. Ill Patat . A. ) Klein.1..). 38Hrouwer. XVII.. 11 IX'rrig. WV. (Steirar. G;.). 97Byrdorf. P'.. 12 I'igi'ai. It. lieslegrave. 13.).), 49

('all. F. )Floru. H3.). :31 Puw. E. (FIlier. 1I. van (1er). :31)('anal). .G. iSndi'r. H.L.) 95 Price. D.. lSn ydir. ILL). 93Corwin, XX'.1. (13ifi'rii, M.AX.), 6 iamei'ke'rs. F. I Rozeboom. HAI9.). 86Craig. A.. 17 ieeil WIJ. )O'llanloi. ... ). 78('urtin. J. (Walratli. L.). 1107 R. l Mirlialik. 1'.). 71

Das-Smaal. E.A.. 18 Ilizzuto.,.8:1

Debus. G. (Sanders. A.F.). 87 Ilolde. 11 W. (0Hanlon. J.F..), 78Dcclinan. BA. 1 .) ronwer. XX'H .) 11 Il lzeboomln. PA.ML 86Droog. A. ) Xilligers. F.). I II Sanders. A. F.. 87D~ryden. Il. D). (Snyder. If. L. I. 95 Savelshe~l,('~, 1-. P. 88dYdewalle. G .. 2(0 Scnidr W.. 91

iscit. XW. ) Sehoeffel. H1.). 92 Seliuclfel. IL. 92Fling, P.. 23 St-hoemniaki'rv E. lO'llanlon. IF ). 7SEllis. H.D.. 231 Sclihiii.... XVan . IFlier. It. vail der). 30

Erirkson, ill. (G ab~riel . H. F.). 34. Scdit te, 93Falcecnlicrg. B., 28 SnlYdeir, ILL1.. 95Farmer. E.. 29 Sonien. II.DI.. 9%

Feler. F.. 30 Steciner, (;- 97TFlicer, H. van der. :30 Stone. G. )Calm-rel.HF.). 314Flou. R.. 31 St rong. 13.. 99)Frohlich. W. . 32 Tiesseni. M.. 11G.abriel, HF.. :34 Valk .i.P.I. de. 104.Genomi. J1.. 35 Vein.. FA . vail (ler ) Herinans, P.11.). 48Gevins, A.S.. 35'eldln. .1. (Molder. G.). 74(;icr. .1.J. de' (O'llanilon. I.F.). 78 \'ossel. G. IFrillich. W.), 32

xiii

Walrath, L., 107 Gevins. A.S.. 35

Wertheim, A.H., 107 Gillard. M.C. (Ilyacinthe. M.C.). 51

Wiermille, W.W. (Snyder, H.L.), 95 Gilliland. K., 36

Wijers, A. (Mulder, G.), 74 Giry, M.C. (Hyacinthe, M.C.), 51

Willeges, R.C. (Snyder, H.L.). 95 Goeters, K.M., 37

Williams, K.N. (Biferno, M.A.), 6 Greer. D. (Gevins, A.S.). 35

Willigers, F., Ill Greuter. M.A.M.. 38

Wilson, F.W. (Long. J.B.), 65 Grievink, E. (Bruyn, E.E.J. de), 11

Wolters, N., 114 Griflin, M., 38

Zomeren, A.H. van (Brouwer, W.H.), 11 Groot. C.J., 39Gros, E.. 40Hancock, P.A., 40

Hansen. H.D. (Falckenberg. B.), 28Individual Differences "art. S.G.. 43

Algera, j.. I Hartman, B.O., 43Althoff, K., 2 Haufler tRoth), 85Altink-van den Berg, W. (Algera, J.), I Heemstra R , 45Amelang, M., 2 Herberg. K.W.. 46Angus, R.G. (Heslegrave, R.J.), 49 Hermans. P.H.. 48

Baddeley, A., 4 Herpt, L.W.A. van, 48Baltes, PB. (Kliegl, R.), 50 Heslegrave. R.J., 49

Battiste. V. (Hart. S.G.). 43 Hejiden, M.K. van der. 49

Beaumont, J.G., 5 Hoevenanis. J. (Djkhuis. J.H.). 21

Bennett. C.T. (Hart, S.G.), 43 Hoffmann, J.J. (Veron. G.), 105

Bercken. J.H.L. van den (Bruyn. E.E.J. de). 11 Hoh, G.J. (Vries. H. de), 106Biferno. V.A.. 6 Houtmans, M.J.M. (Bruyn. E.E.J. de). 11

Boer. L.C.. 7 Hyacinthe, M.C., 51

Born. M.P. (Algera. J.), I Illes. J. (Gevins. A.S.). 35

Bortolussi, M. (Hart, S.G.). 43 lppel, M.J.. 52Buschman. M.C. (Roufs. J.A.J.). 86 Jackson. J. (Mulder. .). 74

Bousquet, A. (Meyer. J.J.), 70 Johnson, W. (Hart, S.(;.), 43

Bout. J.V.D. (Djkhuis. J.H.), 21 Jong, J.H.A.L. de. 54

Braune, R.J. (Fadden. D.M.), 27 Jong, P. de (Das-Sinaal. E.A.). 18Bressler. S.L. (Gevins. A.S.), 35 Jong. R. de (Dkhuis, J.H.). 21Broadbent D.E.. 10 Jong. R. de. 55

Brouwer. W.H.. 11 6ri, H.. 55

Bruyn. E.E.J. de. 11 Jorna. P.G.A.M. (Boer. L.C.). 7

Bugat. M.C. (Hyacinthe. M.C.). 51 Kelly. B.D. (Fadden. D.M.). 27

Byrdorf. P.. 12 KenIerling Jr.. P.T. (Snyder. H.L.). 95

Caminada, H.P.G.M.. 13 Kennedy. R.S.. 57

Casali, JG. (Snyder, H.L.). 95 Kerkhaf. G.A.. 57

Cohen, L.. 14 Kisser, R. (Michalik, C.). 71

('orwin, W.H. (Biferno, M.A.). 6 Klebel, E. (Mirhalik, C.), 71

Dam-Baggen. CM.J. Van. 17 Kliegl, R.. 59

Damos. D.. 18 Kooreman, A.. 60

Das-Smaal. E.A.. 18 Koot, J M. GI

Deelman, B.G. (Brouwer. W.H.). it Kraaimaat, F.W. (Da-Baggen. C.M.J. Van) 17

Dirkzwager, A., 19 Kramer, A.. 61

Droog. A. (Willigers. F.), IlI Kroemer. K.H.E. (Snyder. H.L.). 95

Dryden, R.D. (Snyder. H.L.), 95 Leenders. I.H.R., 62

Djikhuis. J.H.. 21 Liebrand. W.B.G. 64

Egeraat. I.M. van (Snjiders. C.J.). 95 Lorenz. B. (Goeters, K.M.). 37

Eisenhardt, T.. 22 Maarse, F. J.. 67

Eling. P.. 23 Maesen de Sobreff, P.E.A.M. van der (Zaal. J.N.).

Engelbrecht. W.. 24 114

Erickson. J.B. (Gabriel. R.F.). 34 Manzey. D. (Goiters. K.M.). 37

Fadden, D.M.. 27 Meere. J.J. van der, 68

Fahrenberg. J, 28 Mehnert, P. (Gros. E.). 40Falckenberg. B.. 28 Melter (Roth). 85

Farmer, E., 29 Meltzer, P.H. (Zaal. I.N.), 114

Fehler. F., 30 Menu. J.P. 69

Flier, H. van der. 30 Metaus. S-A. (Bifero. M.A.). 6Fr6hlich, W.. 32 Meyer. J.J., 70Flnke. U. (Schuler. H.). 92 Meyers. A.R. (Her70 ans P.H.) 48

Gabriel. R.F.. 34 Meyean, T. (Mulder. H.). 74

Gaillard. A.W.K. (Boer L.C.). 7 Micyilik. T., 71

Gallhofer. I.N., 34 Millar, K.. 72

Genon. J.. 35

xiv

Miller, J. C.. 72 IBaltes. PTF (Kliegi. R.), 59Morgan, N.H. (Gevins, A.S.), 35 Battiste, V. (Hart. S.C.). 43Mulder. C.. 74 Behhehani. K. (Kondraske. C.V.). 60Mulder, L. (Mulder, G.), 74 Bennett. C.T. (Hart, S.C.). 43Mumnmaw. D. (Miller, J. C.), 72 Bercken. J.H.L. van den (Pruyn. E.E.J. de). 11Myrtek, M. (Fahrenberg, J.), 28 Bhatti. J. (Hindinarch. 1.), 50Natani, K., 76 Bortolussi, M. (Hart, S.C.). 43Nitsch, J., 77 Bressler, S.L. (Cevins. A.S.). 35Otte (Roth), 35 Bruyn. E.E.J. de. 11Pawlik, K., 79 Bugat, M.C. (Hyacinthe. M.C.). 51Perrig, W. (Steiner, C.), 97 Byrdorf. P., 12Pigeau, R. (Heglegrave, R.J.), 49 Cail, F. (Floru. R.), 31Pouw. E. (Flier. H. van der), 30 Casali, iCG. (Snyder, E.L.). 95Price, D.L. (Snyder, H.L.), 95 Chwialkowski, M. (Kondraske. C.V.). 60Rey, P. (Meyer, J.3.), 70 Colle, H.A.. 15Rieke. K. (Nitsch. J.), 77 Curtin, J. (Walrath. L.). 107Riel, M.P.J.M. (Sn~ders, CA.). 95 Damos. D.. 18Risser, R. (Michalik, C.). 71 Debus. C. (Sanders, A.F.). 87Rizzuto, A.. 83 Dirkzwager. A., 19Roskam. E.. 84 Dowd. P. (Schiflett. S.). 90Rothengatter, J.A.. 85 Droog, A. (Willigers. F.). IllRoth. 85 Dryden, R.D. (Snyder. H.L.). 95Roufs, J.A..l.. 86 d'Ydewalle, C.. 20Schaafstal, A. 88 Eisenhardt. T.. 22Schlegel, R.E.. 90 Ellis. H.D.. 23Schoonman, W. (Flier. H. van der), 30 Engelbrecht. W., 24Schuler. H., 92 Erickson. J.D. (G;abriel. R.F.). 34Seifert, K.H.. 94 Farmer. E.. 29Shiively, RIJ. (Hart. S.C.). 43 Fehler. F.. 30Snyder. H.L., 95 Flier. H. van der. 3(1Snj~ders, C.. 95 Floru. R.. 31Son. M.J.M. van (D~khuis. 3.1!.), 21 Fracker. M.L. (Wilson. C.F.). 112S6men, H.D.. 96 Cabriel, R.F.. 34Steiner. C., 97 Cenoi. .35Stone. C. (Cabriel, R.F.). 34 Cevins. A.S.. 35Swets-Cronert, F.A., 100 Cier. iiJ. de (O'Hanlon. I.F.). 78Teipel. D.. 100 Cillard. M.C. (Hyacinth(,, M.(.). 51Theunissen. T., 101 Gilliland. K.. 36Trost, C., 102 Ciry. M.C. )Hyacinthe. M.C.). 51Valk. J.P.J. de. 104 Creer. D. (;evinis. A.S.). 35Veen, J.AF. van der (Hermans. P.H.), 48 Crievink. E. (Hruyn. E.E.J. do). 11Veldman. J. (Mulder. C.). 74 Croot, CJ.. 39Ven. A.H.C.D. van der (Roskam, E.), 84 Harris Sr.. E.L.. 42Veron. C.. 105 Hart. S..43Vidulich. M. (Hart. S.C.). 43 Hartman,.B.O.. 43Vossel. G. (Frillich. W.), 32 Hendrikx. A.J.P., 45Vres, H. do, (06 Herinans. P.H.. 48Wales, T., 106 Heslegrave, RiJ.. 49White, T.N., 108 Hindmarch. 1., 50Wiedemann. J. (Fadden, D.M.). 27 Houtmans. M.J.M. (lBruyn, E.El. de). I IWiedl. KBH., 110 Hyacinthe. M.. 51Wientjes. C.J.E. (Hoer, L.C.), 7 Illes. J. (Cevins, A.S.), 35Wierwille. W.W. (Snyder. H.L.). 95 Jackson,.1i. (Mulder. C.). 74Wijers, A. (Mulder, C.). 74 Johnson, W. (Hart. S.C.). 43Willeges, R.C. (Snyder. H.L.). 95 J66. H., 55Williams. K.N. (Hiferno. M.A.). 6 Kantowitz. H.H.. 56Willigers. F. ]I] Kermorling Jr.. P.T. (Snyder. H.L.). 95Wilson, S., 112 Kisser, R. (Michalik. C.). 71Zaal, i.N., 114 Klapp. S.T., 58Zielinksi, W. (Amelang, M.), 2 Klehel, E. (Michalik, C.). 71Zomecen, A.H. van (Brouwer, W.H.(, 11 Kliegl. R., 59

Kondraske. C.V., 60Kooreman, A., 60

Mental Resources Kramer. A., 61Angu, R.. (HslegaveR.J.. 49Kroemer. RUHE. (Snyder. H.L.), 95

acks, R.C. 4Hserv.R..4 Leigh. T., 63

Baddeey, ., 4Lewis. N. (Sehifiett. S.). 0

xv

Logie R.H, 64Normative Perform. Meaq.

Log, 3.8., 65 Angus, R.G. (Heslegrave, RiJ.), 49

Maltzahn, W. von (Koodraske, G.V.), 60 Baddeley, A., 4

Mc~a, G. 68Beaumont, J.G., 5

Meere, 3.vae, 68 Behbehani, K. (Kondraske. CV.), 60

Menue, .P., 69n de,6Hoer, L.C., 7

Menur, .. (Hra69 H.,4 Bosehinan, M.C. (Roofs, J.A.J.). 86

Meyma, A. (Molerm, C ..), 748 Boosqoet, A. (Meyer, 3.3.). 70

Michan, C., 71le, .,7 Bressler, S.L. (Cevins. A.S.), 35

Milr, . C., 72 Casali, iC. (Snyder, H.L.). 95

Miller, . ., 73 Chwialkowski, M. (Kondraske, CV.), 60

money, .A., 73 Coleston, D.M., 14

Morgan, N.H. (Gevios, A.S.), 35 Conle, H.A., 15

Molder, C., 74 Cooke, R.M., 15

Mulder, L. (Mulder, C.), 74 Dryden, R.D. (Snyder, H.L.). 95

Mommaw, D. (Miller, 3. C.), 72 Egeraat. j3M. van (Snydcrs, C.J.). 95

Natai, K, 76Eling. P., 23Nitanh, 3., 7 Eminen, H.H., 24

Noordm, ., 77 Englund, G.E., 25

Nordanln, iF., 78 Fehler, F., 30P'ae E ondrake, G )6 Frarker, M.L. (Wilson. C.F.), 112

Peron E . (Wildrson. C.), 112 Gaillard, A.W.K. (Boer, L.C.). 7

Perrs, M . .80 ls n C . .,C1 alen, C . (Thom assen. A.). 102

Pigeao, R. (Ileslegrave, RiJ.), 49 Cevnn, A.., 35

Pond, D.J., 82 Gre.C .(evins, A ) 5

Pope, A.T. (Harris Sr., R.L.), 42Crr.D(einA ),3

Poow, E. (Flier, H. van der), 30 Hancock. P.A., 40

Prire, D.L. (Snyder. H.L.). 95 Heslegrave. R.i.. 49

Reid, C.B. (Wilson, C.F.). 112 Hulst)~n, W.(Thoinassen, A.). 102

Riedel, WiJ. (O'Hanlon, .iF.), 78 files, J. (Cevins, A.S.). 35

Rieke, K. (Nitsrb, J.). 77 Jarkson, 3. (Mulder. C.), 74

Risser, R. (Michalik, C.). 71 Jacobs, 1., 53

Rizzoo, A. 83Jong, J.H.A.L. de, 54

Rizoe .W, 83 anon iF) orrna. P.C.A.M. (Boer, L.C.). 7

Roskam.., 4 aloJF,7 Kemmerling Jr.. P-T. (Snyder. H.L.), 95

RSars A.., 87 Kondraske, C.V.. 60

Sanidett, 5.., 90 Kroemer, K.H.E. (Snyder. H.L.). 95

Schleel, R.. 90 Levison, W.H.. 63

Schneie, H.D.! 90re, .. 8 Macene de Soinbreff, PEAM. van de (Zaai. iN.).

Schneider, .. 91re, .,8 114

Srhoeider . . 1 aln i..7 Maltzahn, W. von (Kondraske, C.V.). 60

Srhoonanr, W. (lirH.ann der). 30 Meltzer PH. (ZaanI. iN.), 114

Schvely, i. (art. S... 43 er,3 Menleobrork, R. (Thomassen. A.). 102

Snydery, H.L. 95r.S..,4 Menu. .. P.. 69

Ster L. Meyer. ii.. 70Steyrs ., 98 Meyman. T. (Mulder. C.). 74

Stoe, C., 9Cbi8 RF.3 Morgan. N.H. (Cevins. A.S.). 35

Store, . (Gchiriett . 5.). 90 Mulder. C.. 74

thie men W . 101fl t ,S - 9 M ulder, L. (M ulder. C .). 74

Tries, C.. 10 Orlebeke. 3IF. (Erninen. l1.H.), 24

Tst.g P. 1ClcHA.,I Pape, E. (Kondraske. CV.). 60

Tsn .F angP e (HernsA..), 48 Pearson, Vs .H. (Wilson. CF.). 112

Veedn, 3.. (Molder. C.)m, 7 .) 1 Perrez, M., 80

Vedn. A J... vanlder GR.), E.)4 8 Peters. i.. 81Vidulich, M. (Hanrt S.C.), m 43 )8 Pigeau. R. (Heslegrave. RiJ.). 49

Vidolich, M. (Wils.GC.), 112 Plats. R. van der(Thomasse, A.). 102

Wadlath, . 107on .. ) 1 Povel. D. (Thomassen. A.), 102

Welrthl, ., 108 Price. D.L. (Snyder. H.L.), 95

W ete l l, K. ., 1108 Reid, G B. (W ilson. C F.). 112

Wierwille. WW. (Snyder. H.L.). 95 Rey, P. (Meyer. 3.3.). 70

Wijers, A. (Mulder, C.). 74 Ridl, M.P.3.M. (Snyders. CA.), 95

Willeges. R.C. (Snyder, H.L.). 95 Roofs, i.A.i., 86

Willigers, F.. III Schneider, H.D. (Perred., M.). 80

Wilson. F.W. (Long. 3.B.), 65 Snyder. H.L., 95

Wilson, C.F.. 112 Sn~ders, Ci., 95

Wittersheirn. C., 113 Sdnicn, H.D., 96Teipel. D.- 100

xvi

Tenbrigs,H. (Thomassen, A.), 102 Gilliland, K.. 36Thomnassen, A., 102 Giry, M.C. (Hyacinthe, M.C.), 51Trost, G., 102 Greer, D. (Gevins, A.S.), 35Tsang, P. (Colle. H.A.), 15 Greuter, M.AM., 38Uytdehaage, B. (Emmen, H.H.), 24 Grievink, E. (Bruyn, E.E.J. de). 11Valk, J.P.J. de, 104 Grind, W.A. van de, 39Veldinan, J. (Mulder, G.), 74 Gros, E., 40Vidulich, M. (Wilson, G.F.), 112 Hancock, P.A., 40Wientjes, C.J.E. (Boer, L.C.), 7 Hansen, H.D. (Faickenberg, B.), 28Wierwille, W.W. (Snyder, ilL.), 95 Hartman, B.0., 43Wijers, A. (Mulder, G.), 74 Hebenstreit, W.J., 44Willeges, P.C. (Snyder, H.L.), 95 Hendrikx, A.JP., 45Wilson, G.F., 112 Herberg, K.W., 46Zaai, J.N.. 114 Hermaarden, L., 47

Hermans, P.H., 48Herpt, L.W.A. van, 48

Performance Heslegrave, RiJ., 49Abel, S. (Forshaw, S.), 31 ilnoisma, J., 51

Abel-Brem, A, IHoutmans, M.J.M. (Bruyn, E.E.J. de), 11AbnlgBrsm, A..,elgae .. ,4 Hulst)yn, W. (Thomassen, A.), 102BAgus, R.G. (HlegRv), 59),' Hyacinthe, M.C., 51Bealte , B. (KeiR.), G..,6 Hy~man, R. (Brand, N.), 9Bebbehani, . 5KnrseC., Illes, 3. (Gevins. A.S.), 35

Bercken, J.H.L. van den (Bruyu, E.E.J. de), 11 Jacobs, 1., 53Bifero, M.., 6Jong. J.H.A.L. de, 54

Bifernou, A., 6 Jong. R. de, 55Boetha r, ., 8 idri. H., 55Bogaard, 3M.,. 8Rus .. ,8 Kantowitz, B.H., 56Bosran, .C. Rus ... ,8 Keemink, C.T. (Wildt. CiJ. van der), 110Bran, N.. (FdeD..,2 Kelly, B.D. (Fadden, D.M.), 27

Bressler, S.L. (Gevins, A.S.), 35 Kisser, R.Sihi, C.)7 7Brookhuis, K., 10 Kiserl E. (Michalik, C.), 71Bruyn, E.E.J. de, 11 Klein,. E Mi ak 58 ) 7

Bugat, M.C. (Hyscinthe, M.C.), 51 Kljei, R.., 5Byrdorf. P., 12 Kondraske., 59.,6Caminada, H.P.G.M., 13 Kootske J. . 6Charlton, S.C. (Courtright, i.F.), 16 Kram, A., 61Childs, 3. (Courtright. I.F.), 16 Kraer, WA., 63Christensen, C. (Courtright, J.F.), 16 Lewiso, N.(Shit, .)3 9

Chwialkowski, M. (Kondraske, G.V.), 60 Loes, N.F. 66hfl ,S..9Corwin. W.H. (Biferno, M.A.), 6 ornPF 6

Courtright, i.F.. 16 Maarse, F. J1., 67CoxN. (ermarden L.) 47Maltzabn, W. von (Kondraske, G.V.), 60

Coxti, N. ( alrade, L.), 10 Meere, J.J. van der, 68Curtin, ., 1W8ah L) 0 Mehnert, P. (Gros, E.), 40Damns, G. 18nerAF.,8 Menlenbrock,R. (Thomassen, A.). 102

Dowd, P. (Schiflett, S.), 90 Mn.JP,6

Egerast, J.M. van (Snyders, CiJ.). 95 Metaus, S.A. (Biferno, M.A.), 6Emmen H.H, 24Meyiers, A.R. (ilerinans. P.H.). 48

Emngln, H.H., 24 Michalik, C., 71Ericksnd, C., 25bieRF.,3 Miller, 3. C.. 72Erks, .B. (Gbil6RF) Miller, J. T.. 73Exre, H. 26 Moleman, P. (Tulen. J.). 103

Fadden, D.M., 27 Monty. R.A.. 73Falcenbeg, B, 28Morgan, N.H. (Gevins. A.S.), 35

Flcenbeg, .. 28raren .,4 Mummaw, D. (Miller, i. C.), 72Folrin, . 3Hraa1 n L) Natani, K., 76Forsha, B., 31 Nitsch, J.. 77

Fracker, M.L. (Wilson, G.F.), 112 O'aman, L.. 78Friihlich, W., 32 Orlebek, i. (E nHH82

Gabriel, R.F.. 34 OlbkJF Emn .. ,2

Galen, G. (Thomassen, A.), 102 Padmos, P., 79Geer, C.W. (Hebenstreit, W.J.), 44 Pape, E. (Kondraske, G.V.), 60Genon, J., 35 Patat, A. (Klein, MiJ.), 58Gevins, A.S., 35 Pearson, W.H. (Wilson, C.F.), 112Gier, 3.3. de (O'Hanlon. IF.), 78 Pelgruni, WiJ., 80

Gillard, M.C. (Hyscinthe, M.C.), 51 Peters, 3.1, 81

xvii

Pigeau, R. (Heslegrave, RiJ.), 49 Boer, L.C., 7Pldats, R. van der (Thomassen, A.), 102 Born, M.P. (Algera, J.), 1Plomp, TiJ. (Peigruso, WiJ.), 80 Bosma, 9Pond, DiJ., 82 Broadbent, D.E., 10Porlier, J.AG. (Fowler, B.), 32 Bruyn, E.E.J. de, 11Paovel, D. (Thomassen, A.), 102 Bugat, M.C. (Hyarinthe, M.C.), 51Reid, G.B. (Wilson, G.F.), 112 Byrdorf, P., 12Riedel, W.i. (O'Hanlon, J.F.), 78 Caininada, H.P.G.M., 13Rieke, K. (Nitsch, J.), 77 Casali, 3.0. (Snyder, H.L.), 95Riel, M.P.J.M. (Snkjders, 0.3.), 95 Dam-Baggen, C.M.J. Van, 17Risser, Rt. (Michalik, C.), 71 Droog, A. (Willigers. F.), IIIRizzuto, A., 83 Dryden, R.D. (Snyder, H.L.), 95Robbe, H.W. (O'Hanlon, i.F.), 78 Eiselt, W. (Schoeffel, R.), 92Roskam, K., 84 Fahrenberg, J., 28Roofs, i.A.J., 86 Farmer, E., 29Salamne, P., 87 Funke, U. (Schuler, H.), 92Sanders, A.F., 87 Gaillard, A.W.K. (Hoer, L.C.), 7Schick, F. ;., 89 Genon, J., 35Schifiett, S., 90 Gilard, M.C. (Hyacinthe, M.C.), 51Schlegel, R.E., 90 Gilliland, K., 36Schmitt, A. (Abele-Brehm), 1 Giry, M.C. (Hyacinthe, M.C.), 51Schoenmakers, E. (O'Hanion, i.F.), 78 Goeters, K.M., 37Sclirbder, A. (Abele-Brehm), 1 Grievink, E. (Bruyn, E.E.J. de), 11Schwartz, E., 93 Groot, 0.3., 39Snkders, 0.3., 95 Gros, E., 40Somen, H.D., 96 Hancock, P.A., 40Sonnentag, S. (Erke, H.), 26 Hansen, 1., 41Stani, H. (Bogaard, 3.M.), 8 Harsveld, M., 42Steyvers, F., 98 Herberg, K.W., 46Stone, G. (Gabriel, R.F.), 34 Hermana, P.H., 48Storm, W. (Schiffett, S.), 90 Hekden, M.K. van der, 49Taylor, B.H. (Courtright, i.F.), 16 Hoffmann, J.J. (Veron, G.), 105Teipel, D., 100 Houtmans, M.JM. (Bruyn, E.El. de), 11Tenbrigs,H. (Thomnassen, A.), 102 Hyacinth ', M.C., 51Thomassen, A., 102 idri, H., 55Toemiler, K. (Erke, H.), 26 iorna, P.G.A.M. (Boer, L.C.), 7Trost, G., 102 Kemnmerling Jr., P.T. (Snyder, H.L.), 95Tulen. J., 103 Kisser, R. (Mirhalik, C.), 71U)ktdehaage, B. (Emmen, H.H.), 24 Klebel, E. (Michalik, C.), 71Valk, i.Pi. de, 104 Kraaimaat, F.W. (Dam-Baggen, C.M.J. Van), 17Veen, ,.A.F. van der (Hermans, P.H.), 48 Kroemer. K.H.E. (Snyder. H.L.). 95Ven, A.H.G.D. van der (Roskam, E.), 84 Leenders, I.H.R., 62Verbraac, A.F.M. (Bogaard, 3.M.), 8 Liebrand, W .G 64Versprille, A. (Hogaard, 3.M.), 8 Lorenz, B. (G oeters. K.M.). 37Vidulich, M. (Wilson, O.F.), 112 Maesen de Sombreff. P.E.A.M. van der (Zaal, i.N.),Vossel, G. (Frilich, W.), 32 114Wales, T., 106 Manzey, D. (Goeters. K.M.). 37Wairath, L., 107 Mehnert, P. (Gros. E.), 40Wertheim, A.H., 107 Meltzer, P.H. (Zaal, i.N.), 114White, T.N., 108 Menu, iF., 69Wiedemann, J. (Fadden, D.M.). 27 Meyers. A.R. (Hernians. P.H.). 48Wiedl, K.H., 110 Mirhalik, C., 71Wildt, Cl. van der, 110 Millar, K., 72Williams, K.N. (Biferno, M.A.), 6 Myrtek. M. (Fahrenberg. J.). 28Wilson, O.F., 112 Natani. K.. 76Wit. H., 113 Nitsrh. J.. 77Wittersheim, G., 113 Pawlik. K., 79Wolters. N.. 114 Perrez. M . 80

Pond. D.., 82Price, D.L. (Snyder. D.L.). 95

Personality Factors Ranieckers. F. (Rozeboon. R.M.). 86Abele-Brehm, A.. I Rieke. K. (Nitsch. J.). 77Algera, ., I Risser, H. (Mirhalik, C.), 71Altinc-van den Berg, W. (Algera, J.), 1 Rothengatter. i.A.. 85Amelang, M., 2 Hozehoom. R.M.. 86Andriesse, P.S. (Rozehoom, R.M.). 86 Schalk, M., 88Bercken, J.H.L. van den (Bruyn, E.E.J. dle), 11 Schlegel. B.E.. 90

xviii

Schmitt, A. (Abele-Brehm), 1 Melter (Roth), 85Schneider, H.D. (Perrez, M.), 80 Meltzer, P.H. (Zaal, i.N.), 114Schoeffe!, R., 92 Menu, J. 69Schrbder, A. (Ahele-Brehmn), 1 Meyer, 3.3., 703chuler, H., 92 Meyers, A.R. (Hermans, R.H.), 48Snyder, H.L., 95 Michalik, 0., 71Veen, J.AF. van der (Hermans, R.H.), 48 Natani, K., 76Veron, G., 105 Otte (Roth), 85Wientjea, .J.E. (Boer, L.C.), 7 Pape, E. (Kondraske, G.V.), 60Wierwille, W.W. (Snyder, H.L.), 95 Pouw, E. (Flier, H. van der), 30Willeges, R.C. (Snyder. H.L.), 95 Raineckera, F. (Rozeboom, R.M.), 86Willigers, F., III Rey, P. (Meyer, 3.3.), 70Wilson, S., 112 Riel, M.P.3.M. (Snkders, C.3.), 95Zaal, i.N., 114 Risser, Rt. (Michalik, 0.), 71Zielinksi, W. (Amelang, M.), 2 Roth, 85

Rozebourn, R.M., 86Schoeffel, R., 92

Personnel Selection Schooninan, W. (Flier, H. van der). 30Algera., 3., ISchuler, H., 92Althoff, K., 2 Sn~ders, 0.3., 95Altink-van den Berg, W. (Algera, 3.), I Tbe, 0.100 9Andriesse, P.S. (Rozehoom, R.M.), 86 Tepl ., 10

Beaumoan, 3.., (Knrse . ,6 Veen. 3.A.F. van der (Hermans, P.Hi, 48Berbn, . (Knrse7C ,6 Veron, G., 105Bor ,M.e (Agra,J.) 7 W ientjes, .3KE. (oer, L.C.), 7

Bousquet, A. (Meyer, 3.3.), 70 Wilges , 114Burkard, F.. 12 alJ.,14

Byrdorf, P., 12Chwialkowski, M. (Kondraske, G.V.), 60Cox, N. (Hermaarden, L.), 47 Physla. Perform. Meas.Damos, D., 18 Backs, ft., 4Droog, A. (Willigers, F.). 111 Battiste, V. (Hart, S.C.), 43Egeraat, 3.M. van (Sn5yders, 0.3.), 95 Rebbehani, K. (Kondraske, C.V.), 60Eiselt, W. (Schoeffel, ft.), 92 Bennett, C.T. (Hart, S.C.), 43Engelhrecht, W., 24 Biferno, M.A.. 6Falckenherg, B., 28 Boelbouwer, A., 7Fehier, F., 30 Boer, L.C., 7Flier, H. van der, 30 Bogaard, 3.M., 8Folgering, H. (Hermaarden, L.), 47 Bortoluasi, M. (Hart. S.C.). 43Funke, U. (Schuler, H.), 92 Boschman, M.C. (Roufa, 3.A.i.), 86Gaillard, A.W.K. (Hoer, L.C.), 7 Braune, RiJ. (Fadden, D.M.), 27Ceer, O.W. (Hehenstreit, WiJ.), 44 Bressler, S.L. (Cevins. A.S.). 35Genon, 3., 35 Brookhuis, K.. 10Coeters, K.M., 37 Brouwer, W.H., 11Greuter, M.AM., 38 Byrdorf, P., 12Hansen, H.D. (Falckenherg, B.), 28 Casali, 3.0. (Snyder, H.L.), 95Hansen, 1., 41 Chwialkowski, M. (Kondraske, G.V.), 60fiaraveld, M., 42 Corwin, W.H. (Biferno, M.A.), 6Hauller (Roth), 85 Cox, N. (Hermaarden, L.), 47Hebenstreit, WiJ., 44 Curtin, 3. (Walrath, L.), 107Hennaarden, L., 47 Debus, C. (Sanders. A.F.), 87Hermans, P.H., 48 Deelinan, B.G. (Brouwer, W.H.), 11Hoffmann, 3.3. (Veron, C.), 105 Dowd, R. (Schifiett, S.), 90idrn. H., 55 Dryden. R.D. (Snyder, H.L.), 95Jorna, POGA.M. (Hoer, L.C.), 7 d'Ydewalle, C., 20Kennedy, R.S., 57 Egeraat, 3.M. van (Snkders, 0.3.), 95Kisser, Rt. (Mirhalik, C.), 71 Emmen, 11.24Klebel. E. (Michalik, C.), 71 Englund, G.E., 25Kondraske. C.V., 60 Erickson, 3.B. (Gabriel, R.F.), 34Liebrand, W.B.C. 64 Fadden, O.M.. 27Lorenz, B. (Coetera, K.M.), 37 Folgering, H. (Hennearden, L.), 47Maarae, F. 3., 67 Frarker, M.L. (Wilson, C.F.), 112Maesen dle Sombreff, P.E.A.M. van den (Zeal, 3.N.), Frbhlich, W., 32114 Gabriel, R.F., 34

Maltiami. W. von (Kondraske, CV.), 60 Caillard, A.W.K. (Beer, L.C.), 7Manzey, D. (Coetera, K.M.), 37 Cevins, A.S., 35

xix

Gier, J.J. de (O'Hanlon, J.F.), 78 Thiessen, M., 101Gilliland, K., 36 Tulen, 3., 103Greer. D. (Gevins, A.S.), 35 Ujitdehaage, B. (Ernmen, H.H.), 24Groot, G. De (Ingen Schenau, G.J. van), 52 VaitI, D., 104Hancock, P.A., 40 Valk, J.P.J. de, 104Harris Sr., R.L., 42 Veldman, 3. (Mulder, G.), 74Hart, 5.G., 43 Verbraac, A.F.M. (Bogaard, 3.M.), 8Hartman, H.O., 43 Versprille, A. (Bogaard, 3.M.), 8Heemstra, M.L., 45 Vidulich, M. (Hart, S.C.), 43Herberg, K.W., 46 Vidulich, M. (Wilson, C.F.), 112Hermaarden, L., 47 Vossel, G. (Frillich, W.), 32Hollander, A.P. (Ingen Schenau, 0.3. van), 52 Walrath, L., 107Illes, 3. (Cevins, A.S.), 35 Werthejim, All., 107Ingen Schenau, G.J. van, 52 Wiedemann, 3. (Fadden, D.M.), 27Jackson, 3. (Mulder, C.), 74 Wientjes, C.J.E. (Hoer, L.C.), 7Jankce, W., 54 Wierwille, W.'S (Snyder, H.L.), 95Johnson, W. (Hart, SOG.), 43 Wijers, A. (Mulder, G.), 74Jorna, P.G.A.M. (Hoer, L.C.), 7 Willegea, R.C. (Snyder, H.L.), 95Kantowitz, B.H., 56 Williams, K.N. (Biferno, M.A.), 6Kelly, B.D. (Fadden, D.M.), 27 Wilson, O.F., 112Keineerling Jr., P.T. (Snyder, H.L.), 95 Zomeren, A.H. van (Brouwer, W.H.). 11Kerkhof, G.A., 57Kondraske, C.V., 60Kramer, A., 61 Rsos optto

KroeerK.H.. (nydr, HL.) 95Angus, K.G. (Heslegrave, R.J.). 49Lewis, N. (Schiflett, S.), 90 Battiate, V. (Hart. SOG.), 43Masese, F. J., 67 edmnL.5Maltzahn, W. von (Kondraske, G.V.), 60 Beideta, .,. kfat S .,4Meere, 3.3. van der, 68 Bhatti, 3. (Hindmarch, 1.), 50Metaus, S.A. (Biferno, M.A.), 6 Bortolussi, M. (Hart, S.C.). 43Meyman, T, (Mulder, C.), 74 Brouwer, W.H., 11Miller, I. C., 72 ydrP.1

Molean, . ( en, .), 03 asali, 3.G. (Snyder, H.L.), 95Morgan, N.H. (Gevins, A.S.), 35 Curtin, J. (Walrath, L.), 107Mulder, 0., 74 Dms .Mulder, L. (Mulder, G.), 74 Dao,,18Mumosaw, D. (Miller, J. C.), 72 Debus. G. (Sanders, A.F.), 87

O'HaonJ.F. 78Deelman, B.C. (Brouwer, W.H.). 11OCanln, J., 78 Dryden, R.D. (Snyder, H.L.). 95Oatmank, L.. 78 mnHH.,2 Erickson. J.B. (Gabriel, R.F.), 34Pdorlbk, .F (EmnH9.,2 Erke. H., 26

Pape, E. (Kondraske, G.V.), 60 Faiel. vanFd, 3Pawlik, K., 79 Gaenn . ., 34Pearson, W.H. (Wilson, C.F.), 112 Hart, S.., 3Perrig, W. (Steiner, G.), 97 Herte, .W., 46

Pond, D.J., 82 ebrKW 4

Pope. AT. (Harris Sr., R.L.) 42 Heslegrave. R.J., 49Price. D.L. (Snyder, H.L.), 95 Hindmarrh, 1.. 50Reid, G.B. (Wilson, G.F.), 112 Jackson, 3. (Mulder. G.), 74

Riedel, W.J. (O'Hanlon, J.F.), 78 Johnson, W. (Hart. S.C.), 43Riel, M.P.3.M. (Snyders, C.A.), 95Kantowitz, RH., 56

Robb, H.. ('HanonIF.) 78Kemnmerling Jr., P.T. (Snyder. H.L.). 95Robb, HW. (~anon, F.) 78Kroemer, K.H.E. (Snyder. H.L.), 95

Rodenburg, M., 83 Long, J.B., 65Roofs, J.A.J., 86 Meere. J.J. van der. 68Sanders. A.F., 87 Menu. 3.1'.. 69Schiflett, S., 90 emnT.(udrG),7Schoenmakers, E. (C'Hanlon, I.F.). 78 Meyla, .C M., er C7)27Schwartz, E., 93 Miler .,C. 7Shively, R J. (Hart. SOG.), 43 Mulder, L. 74le, .. 7Snyder, H.L., 95 Mummaw. D. (Miller, J. C.). 72Sn~ders, C.3.. 95 Pigeau. R. (Heslegrave. R.J.), 49SpekreiH. H.ga, 9 .) Potiw, E. (Flier. H. van der), 30Stamne, H., 9Bgar7 3M) Price. D.L. (Snyder, H.L.), 95Steine, .97 Sanders, A F., 87Stoe, 98(are, .. ,3 Schooman, W. (Flier, H. van der), 30Stone, C. (SCbife, RS.), go Shively, R.3. (Hart, S.C.). 43

Stor. W.(Schflet. 5., ~Snyder, IlL.. 115

xx

Sonnentag, S. (Erke, H.), 26 Brookhuis, K., 10Stone. G. (Gabriel, R.F.), 34 B~rouwer, W.H., 11Toemnder, K. (Erke, H.), 26 Byrdorf. P.. 12Veldman, J. (Mulder, G.), 74 ('ail, F. (Floru, R.), 31Vidulich, M. (Hart, S.G.), 43 Caminada, H.P.G.M., 13Walrath, L., 107 Casali. .G. (Snyder, H.L.), 95Wierwille, W.W. (Snyder, H.L.), 95 Corwin. W.H. (Biferno. M.A.), 6Wijers, A. (Mulder, G.), 74 Curtin, I. (Walrath. L.), i07Willeges. R.C. (Snyder, H.L.), 95 Das-Smaal, E.A., 18Wilson, F.W. (Long, J.13.), 65 Debus. G. (Sanders, A.F.), 87Zomeren. A.H. van (Brouwer, W.H.), 11 Deelman. 1B.C. (Brouwer, W.H.(. 11

Drong. A. (Willigers. F.). I11Dryden, R.D. (Snyder. H.L.(. 95

Risk Taking d'Ydewalle, G.. 20Abele-Brehm. A.. 1 Eiselt. W. (Sciefel. R.). 92Bereken. J.H.L. van den (Hruyn. E.E.J. de). 11 Eling. P.. 23Bruyn, E.E.. dle, I1I Erickson, J.13. (Gabriel. REF.). 314Hyrdorf. P., 12 Fadden. D.M.. 27Casali, J.G. (Snyder, H.L.(. 95 Falckenberg. B.. 28Debus. G. (Sanders, A.F.). 87 Farmer. E.. 293Dirkzwager. A.. 19 Fehler, F.. 30Dryden, R.D. (Snyder, H.L.), 95 Flora. R3., 31

Erke. H., 26 Gabriel. R.. 34Falckenberg, B.. 28 Galen, G. ITlmumassen. A.). 102Fehler, F.. 30 Genon, J.. 35Genon. J., 35 Gevins. A.S.. 35Gier. J.J. dle (O'Hanlon, J.F.). 78 Gier, JiJ. (Ie (O'lianurm. J.F.(. 78Grievink. E. (Bruyn, E.E.J. de), 11 Greer. D3. (Gevins. A.S.). 35Hansen. H.D. (Falrkenberg. B.), 28 Groot, (.3.. 39

Hartman, B.O.. 43 Hancock. P.A.. 40Hauike. G.. 44 Hansen, H.D. (Falrkenberg. B3.). 28Herherg, K.W.. 46 Harsveld. M.. 42Houtmans. M.J.M. (Hruyn. E.E.J. (IC). 11 Hart. S.G.. 43Jun. H. , Hartman. 1.0.. 4:3Kemnmerling Jr.. P.T. (Snyder. H.L.(. 95 llendlrikx. A.J.P., 45Kroemer. K.H.E. (Snyder. H.L.). 95 Herberg. K.W.. 46Lourens. P.F.. 66 Hermans. P.H.. 48Menu. J.P.. 69 Heslegrave. R.. 49Ollanlon, I.F.. 78 Hindniarch. L.. 50Prince. D.L. (Snyder. H.L.(, 95 Hulst.no W. (Thouassen. A.). 102Riedel, W.J. (O'Hanlon. J.F.). 78 files. J. (Gevins. A.S.). 35Hobhc. H.W. (O'Hanlon. i.F.). 78 Jackson. J. (Molder. G.). 74Rothengatter. J.A.. 85 Johnson. W. (Hart. S.(;.). 43Sanders. A.F., 87 Jung. P. (Ic (Das-Smnaai. E.A.(. 18Schmitt, A. (Abele-Brehm(. I J66. H.. 55Schoeninakers. E. (O'Hanlon, J.F.), 78 IKantowitz. 13.11.. 56Schroder, A. (Abelc-Brehm). I Kelly. 13.D. (Fadden. D.M1. 27Snyder. H.L.. 95 Kernmnering Jr.. P.T. (Snyder. Hi.L.(. 95Somen. 13.1.. 96 Kisser, R. (Michalik. C'.), 71Sonnentag. S. (Erke. H.). 2b Kiebel. E. (Michalik. C.)(.71Toemniler. K. (Erke. H.). 26 Kramer. A.. 61Wierwille. W.W. (Snyder. H.L.(. i)5 Kroemer. K.HlL. (Snyder, H.L.(. 95Willeges. R.C. (Snyder. H.L.(. 95 Leenders. 1.13.1.. 62

Long, J.B.. 65Lourens. P.F.. 66Martin. E.. 67

Selective Attention McKay. G., 68Andriesse. P.S. 'Rozeboom. R.M.(. 86 Meere. J.J. van der. 68Angus. R.G. (Heslegrave, R.J.(. 49 Menlen,ronck, R. (Thomoassen. A.). 102Baddeley, A., 4 Menu, J.P.. 69Hattiste. V. (Hart. SOG.). 43 Metaus. S.A. (Biferno.4..). 6Bennett. C.T. (Hart. 5.0.). 43 Meyers. A.R. (Hernnans. P.R.). 48Bhatti. J. (Hindmarch. 1.). 50 Meyman. T. (Mulder. G.). 74Biferno. M.A.. 6 Miclnalik. C.. 71Bnrtolugsi, M. (Hart. SC;.). 43 Miller, J1. tC.. 72Braune. 13.3. (Fadden. D.M.(. 27 Morgan. N.H. (Gevins. A.S.). 35Bressler. S.L. (Gevins. A.S.). 35 Mulder, G., 74Broadbernt. D.E., 10

xxi

Mulder, L. (Molder, 0.), 74 Gevins. A.S.. 35Mumnmaw, D. (Miller, J. C.), 72 Gier. ilJ. de (O'Hanlon. J.F.). 78O'Hanlon, J.F., 78 Gilliland, K., 36Perrig, W. (Steiner. G.), 97 Goud, A.. 37Pigeau, R. (Heslegrave, R.J.). 49 Greer, D. (Gevins. A.S.). 35Plaats, R. van der (Thomassen, A.), 102 Gros. E.. 40Pond, D.J., 82 Hancock. P.A.. 40Povel, D. (Thomas..en, A.), 102 Hansen, H.D. (Falrkenberg. B.). 28Price, D.L (Snyder, H.L.), 95 Hartman, HOC.. 43Rameckers, F. (Rozeboom, R.M.), 86 Hendrikx, A.J.P., 45Riedel, WiJ. (O'Hanlon, J.F.), 78 Herberg, K.W., 46Risser, R. (Michalik, C.), 71 Herinans, P.H.. 48Rizzuto, A., 83 Hoevenaais, .1. (Dykhuis. J+.), 21Robbe, H.W. (O'Hanlon, i.F.), 78 Hoffmann, J.J. (Veron. G.). 105Rozeboom, R.M., 86 Honisma, J.. 51Salame, P., 87 Iles, J. (Gevins, A.S.), 35Sanders. A.F., 87 Jackson, J. (Mulder, G.). 74Savelsbergb, .RP, 88 Janke, W., 54Schneider, W., 91 Jong, R. de (Dykhuis. J.H.). 21Schoeffel, R., 92 Mon, H.. 55Schoenakers, E. (O'Hanlon, i.F.), 78 Jorna, P.G.A.M. (Hoer. L.C.). 7Shively, R.J. (Hart, S.G.). 43 Kantowitz. B.H., 56Snyder, H.L., 95 Kemnierling Jr.. P.T. (Snyder. H.L.). 95Sdmen, H.D., 96 Kennedy. R.S.. 57Steiner, G.. 97 Koot, J.M.. 61Stern, 98 Kroemer, K.H.E. (Snyder, H.LU. 95Stone, G. (Gabriel, R.F.). 34 Lewis, N. (Schillett, S.), 90Tenbrigs,H. (Thomassen. A.). 102 Mehnert, P. (Gros, E.), 40Thomassen, A., 102 Mellaard. M. (Good. A.). 37Valk, J.P.J. de. 104 Menu, J.P.. 69Veen, J.AF. van der (Hermans, P.H.), 48 Meyers, A.R. (Hermans. P.H.). 48Veidman, J. (Molder. G.). 74 Meyrnan. T. (Mulder, G.), 74Vidulich. M. (Hart, S.G.), 43 Miller. J. C., 72Wairath. L., 107 Molernan, P. (Toilen, J.). 103Wertheim, A.H.. 107 Morgan. N.H. (Gevins, A.S.), 35Wiedemann. J. (Faddem., D.M.). 27 Molder, G., 74Wierwille, W.W. (Snyder. .LU.). 95 Molder. L. (Mulder, G.). 74Wijers, A. (Mulder, G.), 74 Momnmaw, D. (Miller. .. C.), 72Willeges, R.C. (Snyder, H.L.), 95 Myrtek, M. (Fahrenberg. J.). 28Williams, K.N. (Biferno, M.A.), 6 Natani, K., 76Willigers, F., III O'Hanlon, I.F., 78Wilson, F.W. (Long. J.B.), 65 Peters, JI., 81Zomeren, A.H. van (Brouwer, W.H.), 11 Pond. DiJ., 82

Porlier. J.AG. (Fowler, B.), 32Postmes, J. (Good. A.), 37

Stressor Effects Price, D.L. (Snyder, H.L.). 95

Backs, R., 4 Riedel, W.J. (O'Hanlon. i.F.). 78

Boer, L.C., 7 Rizzuto. A., 83

Bout, J.V D. (Dykhuis, J.H.), 21 Salame, P.. 87 Hno. .. ,7

Bressler, S.L. (Gevins, A.S.), 35 Scalkm, M.. 88Brookhois, K., 10 Schalket M., 90

Byrdorf, P., 12 ciltS,9

Casai, J.G. (Snyder. H.L.), 95 Schlegel, R.E., 90

Dowd, P. (Schiflett, S.), 90 Schoenmakers, E. (O'Hanlon. J.F.(, 78Dryden, R.D. (Snyder, H.L.), 95 Snydert, HE., 95

D~k, T.M. van, 20Sndr .- 9

Dykliuis, J.H., 21 Son. M.J.M. van (D3fkhuis, JiH.. 21

Eisenhardt, T., 22 Steyvers. F., 98Englond, G.E.. 25 Stone, G. (Gabriel. R.F.), 34

Erickson, i.B. (Gabriel, R.F.), 34 Storm, W. (Schifiett. S.). 90

Fahrenberg, J1., 28 Tolen, J1., 103Falckenberg. B., 28 Veen, J.AF. van der (Hermans. P.H.). 48Febler, F., 30 Veldman, J. (Mulder, G.). 74

Fowler, B., 32 Veldt, R. van der (Good, A.), 37

Gabriel, R.F., 34 Veron. G., 105G;aillard, A.W.K. (Boer. L.C.), 7 Wetherell. A.. 108Genon, J.. 35 Wientjes. ('i.E. (Boer. L.C~.), 7

xxii

Wierwille, W.W. (Snyder, H.L.), 95 Maltzahn. W. von (Kondraske. C.V.), 60Wijers, A. (Mulder, G.), 74 Martin, E., 67Willeges, R.C. (Snyder, H.L.), 95 Mellaard, M. (Coud. A.), '17

Meltzer, P.H. (ZaaI, I.N.), 114Menlenbrock, R. (Thornassen. A.). 102Menu. J.P.. 69

Task AalysisMetaus. S.A. (Biferno. M.A.), 6Abele-Brehm, A., I Miller, J. C., 72Baddeley, A.. 4 Miller. J1. T., 73Baltes, P.B. )Kliegl, R.), 59 Muonuaw, D. (Miller. J. C'..72Battiste, V. (Hart, S.C.). 43 Ncboit. M., 76Beaumont, J.C.. 5 Noordman. L.. 77Behbehani, K. (Kondraske. C.V.). 60 Pape. E. (Kondraske. GV.). 60Beideman, L., 5 Perrig. W. (Steiner. C.). 97Bennett, C.T. (Hart, S.C.). 43 Peters. ..L. 81Bercken. J.H.L. van dlen (Bruyn. E.ELJ de), I Plants, H. van der (Thomnasen. A.). 102Biferun, M.A.. 6 Postines. J. (Coud. A.). 37Bortolussi, M. (Hart, S.C.), 43 Povel. D. )Thonasseo. A.). 102Braune, R.J. (Fadden, D.M.). 27 Price, D.L. (Snyder, E.L.). 95Bruyn, E.E.J. de, 11 Riel. M.JM. (Snyders. ('.3.). 95Byrdorf, P., 12 Rizzuto. A.. 83Casali. J.C. (Snyder. H.L.). 95 Rothengatter. IA.. 85Chwialkowski, M. (Kondraskr. G.V.). 60 Sanders. A.F.. 87Corwin, W.H. (Biferno. M.A.). 6 Seltaafstal. A. 88Bebus. C. (Sanders. A.F.). 87 Schitit. A. )Ahele-lBrelinfl. IBroog, A. )Wiiligers. F.). IlIl Schroder. A. (Abele-Itrebrul. IDryden, R.D. (Snyder. H.L.). 95 Schuler. H.. 92Duhm. E. (Liler. G;.). 60 Schwartz. E.. 93Egeraat. J.M. van (Siqders. C.1). 95 Shivelv. 11... (Hart. SCI.. 43Erke. H.. 26 Sye.IL.9Ertel. S. (Liier. G.). 66i Snyder. IlL.. 95

E~natenF.M van 27Sotrsentag, S. (Erke. H1.). 26Fadden, D.M.. 27 Steitner. G.. 97Fehler, F.. 30 Tenbrigs.H. ('I honiassen. A.), 10)2Funke. J.. 33 Thotnassen. A.. 102Funke. 1'. (Schuler, H.). 92 'risserand.Ml. (Nebuit. M1.). 76Calen, C. )Thoniasscn. A.). 102 Toenonler. K. (Erke. 11.). 26Ceer. ('.W. 1 Hlebetstreit. W.I.). 44 'feast. C.. 102(;enoo. J.. 35 Vlk. IPA. (I. 1014Cood, A.. 37 Veldt. R. van d~er (Couod. A.). 37Crievink. E. )Bruyuu. E.El. de)1. 11 Vidulich. M. (Hart. S.C.). 43

Cuillerojaiti. H. I Neboit , M .). 76Wiedemnimn. I. (Fadden. O.M. 1. 27Hansen, L.. 41 Wierwille. W.W. (Snyder. Il.L.). 95

Hfark. C,.. 44 Willeges. R.('. (Snyder. HI..). 95Hauke.G.. 44Williams. K.N. (H3iferno. M.A.). 6

HleeasFt(ebitN), 76 Willigers. F.. IllHend. . (Ne. ) 7 Wilson. F.W. (Lontg. J.B,). 65

Hendy K.C, 46ZaaI. iN.. 114HoutuMans. M.lIM. ) Erumyn. E. F... d~e), I IHulqtqn. WA. (Thomoassen. A.). 102Ippel. M.. 52.Jo'.,nson. W. (Hart. S.C.). 43 Task CompetitionKantowitz. nfl.. 56 Backs. R.. 4Kelly. R.D. (Fadden, D.M.). 27 Baddeley. A.. 4Kermnerling Jr.. P.T. (Snyder, 1.1.). 95 Buidenman. L., 5Klegi. R.. 59 Bliatti. I. (Hiodmnareb. 1.). 50Kondraske. GX.. 60 Bre.sler. S.L. (Cevins. A.S.). 35Kramer. A.. 61 Hyrdorf. P.. 12Kroemer. K.H.E. (Snyder. ilL.). 95 t'asali. I.G. (Snyder. H.L.). 95Leenders. I.H.R.. 62 C'harlton. S.C. (('ourtright. J.F.). 16Logie. R-H.. 64 Chmilds. .1. (('ourtright. i-F.). 16Long. i.., 65 Chbristenusen. C. (('ourtright. I.F.). 16Lourens. P.,. 60 ('ourtright. i.F., 16Luer. C.. 66 Danmos. D.. 18Maarse. F. J.. 67 Delsus. C. (Sanders. A.F.). 6u7

Maesen dle Sombreff. P.EA.M. van der (Zaal. IN.). Drt'den. R I). (Snyder. Il..95

114 Erickson. J.B. (Cabriel. HF.). 34

xxiii

Farmer. E.. 29 Byrdorf. P.. 12

Gabriel. R.F.. 34 ('aninada, H.P.(;.M.. 13

Galen. G- (Thoniasseit. A.). 102 ('lwialkowski. M. (Kondraske. C.V.). 60

Cenion. J.. 35 (nile. H.A.. 15

Cevins. A.S.. 35 C'orwin. W.H. (Biferno. M.A.). 6

Greer. D. (Gevins. A.S.). 35 Dani-Baggen. (XM.J. Van. 17

Hernians, P.H., 48 Debus. C. (Sanders. A.F.). 87

Hindynarch. L.. 50 Deelinan. B.C. (Brouwer. W.H.). 11

Hulst~n, W. (Thornassen. A.). 102 Rirkiwager, A., 19

Illes. J. (Ceviris. A.S.). 35 dI'Idewalle. G-. 20

Jackson, J. (Mulder. C.). 74 D~k. T.?vL vail. 20

Keinnierling Jr.. P.T. (Snyder, H.L.), 95 D~khiois. J.H., 21

Kramer, A.. 61 Egeraat. J.M. van )Siqders. (>J.). 95

Krociner. K.HE. (Snyder. IlL.). 95 Extra. J., 26

Levison. W.H.. 63 E~natten. F.M. van. 27

Long. J.8.. 65 Fad len. D.M.. 27

Menlenbrock. H. (Thoniassen. A.). 102 Faritier, E.. 29

Menu. J.P.. 69 Fowler, B., 32

.Meyers A.R. )Herxnans. P.H.). 48 Futtke. J.. 33

Meytnan. T. (Mulder. G.). 74 Gaillardl. A.W.K. (Boer. L.C.). 7

Miller. J. C.. 72 Galen. G. (Thortassen. A.). 102

Miller. J. T.. 73 Cenon. J.. 35

Montty, H.A.. 73 Crenter. M.ANI.. 38

NMorgan. N.l. (C;evile.. A.S.). 35 Crievink. E. I Rriv. E.E.J. dle). I I

Muldler. G., 741 Cros. E . 410

Molder. L. ) Multler. G .). 74 Hlancocrk. P. A.. 40

Minaw. D. Miller. J. C. . 72 Hart. S.C.. 43

Pet rez. M.. 810 IHartmnti. B.. 43

Perrig. W. (Steiner. C. I. 97 Heeoistra. NIL.. 15

Plaats. R. van dier )Thotmass, i. A.. 1012 lendrikx. .A.J.P.. 45

Povel. D. (Thtttiassen. A ). 102 lieslegrave. 11.2.. 49

Price. I (Snyder. H.L.). 95 lloevettaais. J. (D)l)~Itis. il..21

Sanders. A.F . 87 Blll. Cl. rrics. H1. de), 106

Schtneider, HRD. (Perre,,. MI.). 810 Ilititinans. NI.J.I. (Brtvn, E.E.. de). I I

Snyder. H. 1.. 95 Hi Is! n. Wt.1 Tltitiassrn. A.). 10)2

Steiner. G .. 97 ljt;el.1... 52

Stone, G~. (Gabriel. IlL.). 34 Jlackson. J. (Mu~ler. G.). 74

Taylor. R.H. ((our) right. .) IC lhobtsi. VW. (Hart. S.C.). 43

Tentbrigs.lI. (Thootassen. A4.). 102 Jong. .l.H..4.L d~e. 54

Tltoynasseit. A.. 10" long. H. tde (D~khuis. J.H.). 21

Ve~en. I..F. van tder (Heprtoans. P.H.). 48 .btrta. P.;...N. (Boer. L.C.). 7

Veldloan, .1. (Muolder. G.), 74 Hattowit,.. 13.11. 56

Wierwille. W.W. (Sntyder. H.L.). 95 Kelly. B.R. (Fadden. DALNI). 27

Wijers. A. (Molder. G.). 71 Klicgl. H.. 59

Willeges. III. (Snyder, H.L.). 95 Koentleritk.1... 59

Wilsont. F.W. (Lttng. JRB.). 65 Kitittraske. C.V.. 60)

Witterslteim. CG. 1131 Kraannaat. FIX. )Dani-Ragget. ('MbJ. Van). 17Kramer. A.. 611.tvisttt. Vs.11.. 631

Theoretical Models Lttgic, R.H.. 64

Anigus. R.(;. (Heslegrave. H .1.). 49 Lttng, 111. 65

Harks. R.. I Malt,.aln. W. vont (Kondraske. C.V.). 60)Baddeey, ., 4Meere. .. van tder 68

Ble.P.13. )Kliegl. R.). 59 cNltert. P. (Crots. E.), 40

Balle.. (at ... 4 Mettlenbrock. r.)Tltonassei., A4.). 102

Beatumont, J.C.. 5 Metaui. SAP. (Bfrt.MA)9

Behbehani. K. (Kondiraske. CV.). 60 Meta. T.. (Moler .. ). 4

Bennett, C.T. (Hart. S.G.). 43 Metiy, R.A. 73ler .) .

Bercken. J.H.L. van dlen (Brtiyo. E.E.J. de). 1 IMnlty, N.., 7

Bifertio, M.A., 6 Mtiray. ., 74

Biter. L.C.. 7 Mtiltder, G., 7Mie4 .. 7

Bortoltissi. M. (Hart. S.C.). 43 Pole. L. (odrk. G.). 6

Boseliman, M.C. (Houfs. J.A.J.). 86 Pawli. .. 79nrme N .6

Bout. J.V.D. (Dyihis, 2.11.). 21 Pwi.K.7

Braine R.J. (Faddlen. D.M.). 6;Perrez. M.. 80

Broutwer, W.H.. 11 Perrig. WV. (Steiner. C.). 97

Bruynt. E.F,.J. de. I I IPigeatt. R. (Hleslegrave. R.I). 49

xxiv

Flaaits, R1. vani derlThioniassen. A.). 102 Daiiio,, D.. 18Pond. D.J.. 82 Das-Sit)l I.A. 18POrhier. J.AG. JFv.:let, B.), 32 (Mminy C (ySauder', A.) NPovel. D.(Thotnassen. A.). 102 Decu ii B.G ( Heninsi r.X IBiel. M.P.J.M. (Sri * dcrs, ('.,.). 93 Dowdil I' (Schifl tt S 9*2Roekain. E., 84 Dtioog A. (XX illipt, F,1 I IIRoufs. J.A.J.. 86 Drvyden. H.D I) Ssdt r. 11 L. 95Salarne. P.. 87 D Inn, E. (Lwrr C;) l

Sanders. A F-. 87 Egeraat 1..Nf vain (Siivders, C..J.. 95Svhaafstal, A. 88 Fling.. '-'3Srhiilecliner. H.. 89 Elihs ILD. 2) 3Schneider. H.D. (i'errei.. I . 801 Eiglimid. C.E.. 25Schineidr WV. 91 Erickson .12.13. (Gabiriel. I). F. 34

Shtively, 13.2. (Hart. S.C.), 43 Ertel, S. )Liier. .. 66S n~ders. (.2.. 93 Eyiiattrzi. F.: 1. vail. 27Son. M.JANI vaui ) Dykhos. 2.13.). 21 Faddenrt. D.1. 27Steiner. G.- 97 Falckendicrg- 13.. 28Steyvers. F.. 98 F'armeir. IE . 29Tenbrigs.H.(Tl,,,iaasen. A.). 1012 Felilec. F.. 30Theitnisseri. 'r.. 101 Flier. H. van (ler. 30Thounassen. A.. 1(02 Flora. R3.. 31Tsang. P. (Cole, .HA.). 15 Folguritig. H. (lleroiaarih'n. iI

Valk. J.P.J. de. 104 Fowler, 13.. 32Veldnian. J1. (Mulder. G.). 74 Fracker. NIL. (Wilson. G F.). 112Ven. A.H.C.D. van der )lRoskamj. E.). 84 Friililich. W., 32Vidulich. NI. (Hart. S.1 .). .13 Gabriel, . .F.. 3lVries. H. de. 1016 G aillard, A.W(. K. lkner. L.C .). 7Werthim. All.. 107 C;eer. C.W. illelvirvrii. W-.1.). 44Whiite. T.N.. 10 Cviiia. J.. :35Wedeinann. .1. (Faddent. D.M. I. 27 Cevins, A.S.. 35Wientjes. ('.2.E3 (Boer. L.C.) . Uerier.1. de' )G'Hanoi. .1.F. TWijers. A. (lMlder. G;.1. 74 C lliland. K.. :i(;WiIliam,. . N. (Difern. M.A.). 6 Goad. A.. 37Wilson. F.W. (Long. 2.13.). 65 Creer. D. )Cvevios A-S.. T34Zoineren. All. van (Broower. XVI)I Ciiilleriiain. HI. I N(lioit . NI.. 76

Hancvock. P... .10II. ILn 1.. (Valcvberg. 13.1. 28

Workload Hlarris Sr., 11.1.. 42Angn. RG. (1c~egrae. -1.) 49Hart. Sr(.. 1l3Angus l~t. I leslgrav. 131.).49 Hartmtan. 11,0.. 4:3

Aptel. NI. (Mever. j.P.). 703 HIlhenst reit . XVI.. 4 1Arbak. C'.. 3:1isr, .. 1Barks. R3.. 4 Ilcos F. (NI.iL. I.)S 7IBadileley.-I Ilella. F. I Nehit. NI.5 7Hattiste. V. (Hart. S.. 413 liendyrk K.C.. 46Ilhelieani . K. I Kojidraske. (.N .). w3 Hhrind en, K L1.. 46Heidetnan, L. . 5 4enai. 'l..8Bennett. (''I' (Hlart. 8.1;.). .13 fieslegrave. RA... 491Iliferno. N.A.. 6 Ies 1(;''ii.A.S .3

Boer .7 IpLM 5Bogaarnl. I.. 11Jackso. .1 Mler .. 7llortoltss, NI. (Hart . S.(;.. 4:3 .Iarksn L. 53ode.IL.7

Braoic.Rj.(Fiden.D.MI. 7,Iohnison, WV. (Hart. S.( ) 43Blressler ..1. I (;evins, .. ), 35 lng. 11. die (DIas-Smtaal, E.A .). ISaBroadbent, . ... 10 on.V A5.1 hir .!'1Broitwer, XX .H.. I1 I.)otoma, .11. . (Be. -. )

Bvrilorf, PR. 12 atwz.BH )

C ail. IF. (Floni. R3.). :I1 elly. 11.D. )Faddf ni. 3.NI. 1, 27

I 'sali. .1 (;. ( Snyder, H.LI.). 95onrii I. T nde.il..9C harlton,. S.G.) orrgt .... 1 Kentiey, 13.8.. 57

(Coutriht, 16hisser. H. ( Niirlalik. ( 1C hilds, J1 (1 ourtright. I.F.). 16 Kleliel. E. I Nlihalik. C,). 71C hristensen. U . (Courtright, 2. F 16 IIhMI,1aSkV. IA... 601('hwialkowski. NI. (Kondraske. CXN.). 60 Katr.A.6('nlle. HA.. 15 Kae.A.6

C'orwin. W.H. (Bifernio. M.A.). 6 IKropmter. K.I11C. (Stnyder. ILL..). 913

( oiirtrght. .1 F.. 16 Levson (V13. 6:3

('ox. N. (Ilertnaarden. L,.), 47 Lowi. N.1. (35iivt S)

('raig. A., 17 Ln.IB.6

Liter. G.. 66 Vaid. D.. 10-1Maltzatin, W. von (Koniras ke. (;.V.) 60 Valk I. i.J. de. 104

Martin. E.. 67 Veen..A.F van der (Hernians. Ri ).4HMeere. J.J. van (ter. 68 Veldman. J. (Mulder. G.). 7.1Mellaard. i. M (;oud. A.). 37 Vldt. 1. van ter ((oud. A.). 37M enu. J.P.. 69 Ven,. H.. ). cart (ter toskaftm .E . x .IMetaus. S.A. (Bifento. M.A.). 6 Xerlraak, A".EM. (Bogaard. JI.) 8Meyer. J.P.. 70 Versprilie. A. (Bogaard. JM ). 8

Meyers. A.R. (Herinans. P.H.). 48 Vidulich, M. (Hart. S.(;.). 13Meytnan. T. (Mulder. G.). 74 Virinlich. M. (Wilson. (;.F.). 112Michalik. (.. 71 Vossel. G. (Frdlich. X.). 32

Miller. J. C., 72 Wales. T.. 1t6Miller. J. T., 73 Walr.h. L., 107Monty, R.A.. 73 Widdel. It.. 119Moray, N.. 74 Wiedenar a. .1. (Fadden. I).M.). 27Morgan, N.H. (Gevins, A.S.). 35 Wientjes. ('I.E. (Boer. LC'.). 7Mulder. (;.. 74 Wierwille. W.W. (Snyder. I.L.). 95Molder, L. (Mulder. Gj. 7. Wijc, A. (Mulder, G.). 74Mumaw. D. (Miller. J. ('.). 72 Willeges, R.C. (nyder H. 1.). 95Nachrainer. 75 William, K-N. (Bifeno. M.A ). 6Natani. K.. 76 Willigers, F.. 11INeboit. NI. 76 Wilson. I.W. (Long. .J.B.) 65Nitseh, J.. 77 W ilson. (;,F.. 1120 lanlon. J ... 7S Zomeren. A. van (Iroower. XX.H.). 11(Oattitan. L., 78Padmo. 1'.. 79Pape. E. (Komtlracke. G.V.). 61)Pearson. W.t. (Wilson, G.F.. 112

Pfetler. C .(W iddel. ii.). 1(19Pigeau. P. Itte .lgrave. RI.) 49Potd. D.J.. 82Pope. A.T. (larris Sr.. i.L.). 42

Porlier. J.A.G;. (Fowler. B.), 32i'ostm es. I. ((;,o d. A.). 37Poow. E. {Flier. H. van 6er). 31)

Price. D.L. (Snyder. Ii.L.). 95Reid. (lB. (Wilson. (;F.). 112Riedel. X.J ((YHanlot. I.F.). 78Rieke. K. (Nitsech. i.). 77Riel. M.J..M . (Sno ders. I'.j.}. 95Hisser. H. (Michalik. C.. 71Rizzuto. A.. 83lRoblie, H.XX (('lianlon. .F.). 78

Roskamn, E.. 84

Salane. P.. 87Sanders. A.F.. 87Schalk. M.. 88

Schi(k. F.X.. 89Schiflett. S.. 9W)Schlegel, H.E.. 90Schneider. W., 91Scrhoenrakers, L. (O'Hanlon. J.F.). 78Shtoomran, W. (Flier. H. van (ter). 30Schiitte. 93

Schiwartz. E.. 93Shively. R.I. (Hart. S.C.). 43Snyder. H.L.. 95Snytiers. C.J., 95Spekreyse, H.. 97Starn. It. (Bogaard..I.M.). 8

Stone, G. (Gabriel. R.F.). 34Storm. W. (Schiflett. S.). 90

Strong. R.. 99Taylor, B.H. (Contrtright. J.F.). 16

Thiessen, M.. 101Tisserand.M. (Neboit. M.). 76Tsang. P. (('olle. H.A.), 15

xxvi

Lahoratoire de Physiologiv ct dleAddress Index Psychologie Environnementales

CNRS/INRS21 rue Becquerel

AUSTRIA 67087 Strasbourg Cedex

University of Linz, Austria .ute de Pharmarologie (uniqueInstitut filr Padagogik und Psychologie Direction Medicale Roussecl It LAFA-4040 Linz 102. Route de Noisy

93230 RomainvilleBELGIUM

THE NETHERLANDSCentre Medical Force AerienneQuartier Rol Albert ler Aradeniic Hospital of the Free UniversityRue de la Fusee, 70 Dept. of Medical Psychology1130 Evere De Boelelaan 1117

1081 HV AmsterdamUniversity of Leuven BAZIS Central DevelopmentDept. of Psychology &~ Supsport GroupB-3000 Leuven Hospital Informatioi System

CIO Leiden University Hospital. Bldg. 50CANADA Rynshurgerweg 10DCIEM 2333 AA Leiden1133 Sheppard Ave. West Dehavioral Sciences Dept.P.O. Box 20003 Koninklike LuchtmachtDownsview, Ontario M3M 3139 Afd. Gedragsuetetischapieri/DPKLUDCIEM Binckhorstlaan 135 KR 2 K 12Behavioral & Physiological Research 2500 ES GravenhageP.O. Box 2000 Catholic University NymegenDownsview, Ontario M3M 3B9 Dept. of Developmiental PsychologyDCIEM Posthus 9104Exercise Physiology Group 6500 HE NkimegenP.O. Box 2000 Catholic University of NyitiegeiiDownsview, Ontario M3M 3139 Department of Experimental PsychologyUniversity of Toronto Mont issorilaan 3Dept. of Industrial Engineering P.O Box 91104Toronto M5S 1A4 HE 6500 NymepgenYork University 4700 Keele St. Catholic University NyntegenDownsview. Ontario M3J 1P3 Dept. of Mathematical Psyclilogy

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6500 HE N~rnegeiiThe Defense Centre for Leadership Catholic University NpiuegeiiChristianshavns Voldgade 81424 Copenhagen K Dept. of Organiz~ational Psychology

P.O. Box 9104FRANCE Montesorilaan 3

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HIASte Anne Catholic University of N meBP.A 610 Ann Pulmonary Depst.838600TuoNal N~meegselaan 318380 Touon Nval68 6U1 (A H LandstichtirgAvnuedR otron CITO Central ln,; tuteAveue e Burggnefor Edlucational MpeasteeltBote Postale 27P. Bx1354501 Vandoeuvre Cedex fi0,~ MGx 1034e

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Free tniversity Byswadersdaad TransportDept. of Psychology and Education and Traffic Eug. Dept.De Boelelaan 1115 Ministry of Transport and Pub:: W~orks1081 HV Amsterdam

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Psychophysiology Division 9712 Ht' GronmingenmDe Boelelaan 11151081 HV Atmsterdami State University Gronitngetn

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lost itute yoor ExperinmenteleFree nivesityKlinische Psychologie

Interfaculty of Physical Education Turfsingel 46P.O. Box 7161 9712 KR G;roningen1007 MC Amsterdanm

State University GroningenInstitb e for Perception Research (IPO) Institute of AudiologyDen Dolech 2-5612 AZ Eindhoven University HospsitalP.O. Box -,13-5600 MB Einhovert P.O. Box 301.001

Joint Medical Service 9700 RB GrotningenBos en Lommerplantsoen I1055 AA Amsterdam

State University GroningenSttUivrtytrltRION SaeUiest tehWesterhaveji 15 Vakgroep Sociale Ent Organisatie

Postbu 1286PsychologieP970 bu 128rnige Heidelberglaan 19701e Bnvrs Groningen 3584 CS Utrecht

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Tilburg University, The NetherlandsState UttiVersity of Groningen Hogeschoollaan 225Traffic Research Centre PO o 05P.O. Box 69 PO o 05

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so15i vPosthus 1286P-.Bx9.,'

9701 BC Groningen 500$0 LE TilburgStat Unversty ronigenTilbuirg UttiversitySeUnivers H sit aro in e Dept. of Psychology.

D e st y Huospita l o Physiological section

9713 EZ Groningen 5000o LE0T15urState University Him:,urg500 Tilb siut rgDept. of Heal.tj Education AclbrdensihStudiesoDutch Smoking Prevent ion Project Stationisc tudT'013 616 ttosta 16200 MD Mastrichit 5038 EA TilburgState University Leiden TNO Applied ResearchDept. of Educational sciences P.O. Box 671Stationsplpin 10-12 7500 AR Enschede2312 AK Leiden TNO Institute for PerceptionState University Utrecht Hutman Performance Research GroupDept. of Developmnent and Sorialization P.O. Box 23Developmental Psychology Scin3769 ZG SoesterberFHeidelherglas.r 2 TNO Institute for Perception3584 CS Utrecht

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TNO Institute of Mechanical Engineering-State University Utrecht P.O. Box 29. 26110 AAPhysical Laboratories Leeghwaterstraat 5. D~elftDept. of Medical and Physiological Physics Twente University of TechnologyPrincetooIplein 53584 CC Utrecht P.O. Box 217State University of Utrecht Unierit AE msedam

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lishaanpad 9Nic. Beetsstraat 24106C Atsedt3511 HG Utrecht 17 VAitrlr

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X

University of Amsterdam MRC Applied Psychology UnitInstitute of Phonetic Sciences 15 Chaucer RoadHrnrct38Cambridge CB2 2EFHerengracht 338

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University Tilburg Singleton Park

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P.O. Box 90153 University of Glasgnv Faculty of Medicine5000 LE Tilburg Behavioural Scienc -s GroupUniversity of Twente 4, Lilybank GardensFaculty of Applied Educational Science Glasgow 612 8QQPostbox 217 The University. Highfield7500 AE Enschede Institute of Sound and Vibration Research

Human Factors Research UnitNORWAY Southampton S09 5NH

The Norwegian Armed Forces University of OxfordPsychological and Pilot Selection Department of Experimental Psychology

Educational Centre South Parks RoadOslo Mil/akershus Oxford OXI 3I'D0015 OSLO I University of Sussex

MRC Perceptual a.id CognitiveSWITZERLAND Performance Unit

IMSP Fac. Md. Univ. FalmerLaboratoire dErgonomie de la Vision Brighton BNI 9QGUnit de Medicine du Travail University of Wales

et d'Ergonomie Inst. of Science & Technology10 Rue Jules-Crosnier Dept. of Applied PsychologyCH-1206 Geneve Cardiff CF3 7UX

University of Basel

Dept. of Psychology UNITED STATES OF AMERICABernoullistrasse 14 AAMRL/HEGCH-4056 Basel WPAFB. Ohio 45433-6573

Universitat Fribourg AFHRL/OT

Psychologisches Institut Williams AFB Arizona 85240-6457Route des FougeresCH-1700 Fribourg Air Force Operational Test

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Crescent Road The BDM CorporationAlverstoke 1801 Randolph Rd. SEGosport, Hants P012 2PL Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106

London HCI Centre Boeing Commercial Airplane Co.UCL Ergonomics Unit Crew Operational Requirements26 Bedford Way P.O. Box 3707London WCIH OAP Seattle, Washington 98124-2207

xxx

Boeing Aerospace Co. University of Southern CaliforniaMan/Machine Systems Technology Dept. of Human Factors, ISSMP.O. Box 3999 M/S 2K-58 Los Angeles, California 90089-0021Seattle, Washington 98124 University of Southern CaliforniaCalifornia State University Hayward Dept. of Safety Science and Human FactorsPsychology Dept. Institut, for Safety andHayward, California 94542 Systems Management-cv [Vehicle Tntef e R.ec-h Panch los Angeles Califgrr.a 9008

Flight Management Division University of OklahomaHuman Engineering Methods Group Human Performance Research LaboratoryMail Stop 152 E Dept. of PsychologyHampton, Virginia 23665-5225 Norman. Oklahoma 73019EEG Systems Laboratory University of Oklahoma1855 Folsom St. School of Industrial EngineeringSan Francisco, California 94103 Norman, Oklahoma 73019Essex Corporation USAF School of Aerospace Medicine1040 Woodcock Rd. Brooks AFB. Texas 78235Suite 227Orlando, Florida 32803 USAF School of Aerospace MedicineCrew Performance LaboratoriesFlorida Institute of Technology Brooks AFB, Texas 78235School of Psychology150 W. University Blvd. Virginia TechMelbourne, Florida 32901-6988 Human Factors Engineering Center

302 WhittemoreGeneral Dynamics Blacksburg, Virginia 240i6lPilot Vehicle Interface IR&DP.O. Box 748 MZ 1766 Washington UniversityFort Worth. Texas 76101 Behavior Research Laboratory

at MBMHCHuman Engineering Laboratory 1420 GrattanAberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland St. Louis. Missouri 63104

21005-5001Wright State UniversityHuman Factors Branch Dept. of Psychology

6520 Test Group/ENAH Dayton, Ohio 45435Edwards AFB. California 93523-5000

LRDC Building WEST GERMANY3939 O'Hara St. Aviation Psychological ServicePittsburg, Pennsylvania 15260 German Army AviatMcDonnell Douglas Astronautics Co. FlugplatzEngineering Psychology Dept. D-3062 BuckeburgP.O. Box 516 Bmndesamt fir WehrtechuikSt. Louis, Missouri 63166 und BeschaffungMcDonnell Douglas Astronautics Co. Konrad-Adenaer-Ufer 2-6Human Performance Laboratory D-5400 KoblenzEngineering Psychology Department Bundesanstalt fur ArbeitP.O. Box 516 (Federal Employment Institute)St. Louis. Missouri 63166 Regensburger StraBe 104NASA-Ames Research ('enter D-8500 Niirnberg 30MS-239-3 DFVLRMoffett Field. California 94035 Dept. of Aviation andNaval Health Research ('enter Space PsychologyP.O. Box 85122 Sportallee 54San Diego. California 92138 D-2000 Hamburg 63Purdue University DFVLRDept. of Psychological Sc'eences Institut fiir FlugfuhrungWest Lafayette, Indiana 47907 FlughafenScience Applications International Corp. D-3300 Braunschweig

1710 Goodridge Dr. DFVLRMcLean. Virginia 22102 Institut fur FlugmedizinUniversity of Illinois Linder HoeneDept. of Psychology D-5000 Kiln 90603 E. Dawie St.Champaigne. Illinois 61820

xxxi

Federal Highway Research Institute (BASt) ThY Bayern e.V.

Bruderstr. 53 Institut ffur Verkehrsicherheit

D-5060 Bergisch Gladbbach I Westendstrafle 199

Forschungsinstitut fuir Anthropotechnik (FAT) 8000 Munchen 21

Neuenahrer Strasse 20 Universitiit Ddsseldorf

D-5307 Wachtberg-Werthofen Institut ffur Arbeitsmedizin

German Air Foice Institute of D-4000 Dfiseldr I

Aerospace MedicineD400asedrIVI-Aviation Psychology- Universittit Erlangen-Niimberg

Postfach 1264/KFL institut ffir Psychologie I

D-8080 Itrstenfedbrnck Bismarckstrasse 1

Institute for Test Development D-8520 Erlangen

and Talent Research Uuiversit~t Freiburg i. Br.

(Institut ffur Test-und Begabungsforschung) Forschungsgruppe Psychophysiolugie

Kobleozer Strasse 77 Psychologisehes Institut

D-5300 Bonn 2 Delfortstrafie 20

Institut fur Psychologie D-7800 Frciburg

RWTH Aachen University OH Siegen

.lagerstralle 17/19 Hoelderlinstrasse 3

D-5100 Aachen 5900 Siegen

Johann Wolfgang Gocthe-tlniversitiit Universitht Gottingen

Institut ffr Psychologie Institut fdr Psychologie

Abt. Arbeits-und Verkehrspsychologie Gosslerstrasse 14

Mertonstr. 17 D-3400 Cottingen

D-6000 Frankfurt 1 Universitit Marburg

Johannes Gutenberg-Universitat FB Psychlogie

Dept. of Psychology Gutenbergstrssse 18

General Psychology. Psychophysiology D-3550 Marburg

and Human Factors Universitqti Oldenburg- Fachbereich 5Saarstrasse 21/Staudingerweg 9 AG Arbeits-u. OrganisstiunspsychologieD-6500 Mainz I Birkenweg 3

lustus-Liehig-University of Giessen D-2900 O)ldenburgDept. of Clinical Psychology tUniversity of BonnOtto-Behagel-Strasse 10 Psychological Inst it uteD-6300 Giessen Dept. of General Psychology

M.ax-Planck Institute for Human Development Romerstrasse 164

and Education D-5300 Dunn ILentzeallee 94 University of llnheiniD-1000 Berlin 33 Institute 430

Personalstammamt der Bundeswehr P.O. Box 7010562

Leitender Psychologe D-7000 Stuttgart 70Mudra-KaserneKulner Stralle 262D-5000 Kdln 90

Psychologisches InstitutDeutsche Sporthochschule (DSH) KdlnCarl-Diem- Weg 41D-5000 Koln 41

Psychologinches Institut der UniversititHeidelberg

Hauptstrafie 47-51D-6900 Heidelberg

Technische Universit~t BraunschweigDept. of Applied PsychologySpielmannstrasse I ID-3300 Braunschweig

'EU MiinchenLehrstuhl ffir PsychologieLothstrahle 17D-8000 Miinchen 2

attii

Abele-Brehm, A. Telephone: (49)-9131-85237Schrdder, A.Schmitt, A.

Institut ffir Psychologie IUniversitkt Erlangc,,-NurnbergBismarckstrasse 1D-8520 ErlangenWest Germany

" Performance Measures: German standard tests such as Hamburg-Wechsler-Intelligence Test(Hawie & Hawik), Freiburger Persbnlichkeitsinventar, Aufmerksamkeits--Belastungstest (d-2), projective techniques, etc. are used for therapy in-dication or counseling.

" Normative Data Base: Published test norms are used.

" Test Validation: Authors validated tests before publishing

" Testing Protocol: Individual testing according to test author's instructions

" Test Equipment: No information supplied

* Theoretical Background: Classical test theory (Galliksen)

" Relevant Publications: No publications supplied

" Keywords: Decision making Task analysisDivided attention PerformancePersonality factors Risk taking

Abel, S. (see Forshaw, page 31)

Algera, J.A. Telephone: (31)205485502Altink-van den Berg, W.M.M.Born, M.P,

Free UniversityDept. of Industrial and Organizational PsychologyDe Boelelaan 10811081 HV AmsterdamThe Netherlands

" Performance Measures: A device is being constructed to measure personality styles regarding achieve-ment -related work behavior in organizational settings for the purpose ofselection, career development, and training.

" Normative Data Base: No

" Test Validation: Reliability and construct validations are in progress.

" Testing Protocol: Situation-response questionnaire with a precoded format

" Test Equipment: Paper & pencil S-R questionnairt

" Theoretical Background: S-R paradigm - Interactional Psychology whereS= Work situation characteristics based on Macgrimmon, Tylor, andMintzberg's managerial roles.R= Achieving styles (Lipman, Atkinson)

" Relevant Publications: -Altink, W. et.al., (1986) Preststiestrategien in arbeidsorganisaties. Resul-

taten van experimentel vragenlyistafname en interviews met medewerkers.Intern rapport Vre Universiteit.

2

*Keywords: Individual DifferencesPersonality FactorsPersonnel Seleci~n

Althoff, K. Telephone: (4g)-51 1-881051Deutsche Gesellschaft hir Personawesen e.V.An der Questenhorst 13D-3000 Hannover IWest Germany

a Performance Measures: Measures of intellectual abilities, work behaviour, school, and commnonknowledge are used as predictors for professional qualification.

* Normative Data Base: Norms, ranging from 500 to 7000 samples, for different professions.

9 Test Validation: Criteria: success in training and performance for different jobs; constructand content validity

* Testing Protocol: Paper-pencil; individual or in groups

* Test Equilpment: No information supplied

* Theoretical Background: Classical test theory; JUger's intelligence model

* Relevant Publications: -laiger, A.0. (1960): Zum prognostischen Wert psyrhologiacher Eignungsun-tersuchungen, eine Bewiihrungsstudie. Psych. Rundachau, 11-Wolff, P. and Voullaire, C. (1968): Eignungsbegutacbtung vonKdrperbehinderten Mfr elnen Verwaltunigsberuf. Diagnostica, 14/3-DOT' (Ed.) (1969): Differentieler Wissenstest (DWT). Verlag fir Psycholo-gie, Gottingen

-Althoff, K. and JUger, A.0. (1981): Zur Struktur des Wilde-Intelligenz-Tests(WIT) und zn seiner Stellung im Str.kturmodell von Jager 1967, Diagnos-tica, 27/3-Althoff, K. (1971): Die Voraussage des Berufserfolges von ftegierungsin-spektoren und Revierffirstern. Diagnostica 1971, 17/4-laiger, A.0. and Althoff, K. (1983): Der Wilde-Intelligenz-Test (WIT)- emnStruktur-diagnostikum. Gottingen-Althoff, K. (1983): Zur prognostischen Validitiit von Intelligenz-und Leis-tungstests im Rahmen der Eignungsdiagnostik. Ztschr. f. Arbeits- undOrgattisationspsychologie 28-Kleinevoss, R. and Sonnenberg, H.G. (1987): Die prognostische Validitiiteiner eignungsdiagnostischen Prozedur - dargestellt an eioem konfiguralenDiskriminanzmodell. Ztschr. [. Arbeils- und Ofganiaionspsyco'logic,3l

* Keywords: Individual DifferencesPersonnel Selection

Altink-vas den Berg, W. (See Algera, page 1)

Amelang, M. Telephone number not supplied

histitut der Ilniversitdt HeidelbergHauptatrafle 47-51D-6900 HeidelbergWest Germany

* Performance Measures: Tests are used for research only

* Nornmative Data Base: Data has been collected on a large battery of personality scales (FPI, I6PF,Guilford Scales, etc.), using a sample of 424 subjects' responses on the indi-vidual items on computer.

3

" Test Validation: Sometimes the validation has been done by other authors; in other cases thevalidation of the tests is the concern of the study.

" Testing Protocol: Paper and pencil

" Test Equipment: No information supplied

" Theoretical Background: See relevant literature

" Relevant Publications: -Amelang, M. & Borkenan, P. (1982) uidie faktorielle struktur und externeValiditit einger Fragebogen-Skalen zur Erfassung von Dimensionen der Ex-traversion und emotionalen Labilitit. Zeitschrift fir experimentelle und di-agnostisehe Psychologie, 3, 119-146-Amelang, M Psycologische Beitrdge 1985, 27, 318-331-Borknau & Amelang (1985) Journal of Research in Personality, 19, 44-53

" Keywords: Individual Differences

Personality Factors

Andriesse, P. (See Rozeboom, page 86)

Angus, R. (See Heslegrave, page 49)

Aptel, M. (See Meyer, J.P., page 70

Arbak, C. Telephone: (1) 314-234-1096

McDonnell Douglas Astronautics Co.Engineering Psychology DepartmentHuman Performance Laboratory

P.O. Box 516St. Louis, Mo. 63166United States of America

" Performance Measures: Subjective Workload Assessment Test (SWAT)

" Normative Data Base: No

" Test Validation: Not locally

" Testing Protocol: Tests are used in conjunction with manned simulators.

" Test Equipment: None

* Theoretical Background: SWAT is based on mental effort. stress, and time pressure components of

workload

* Relevant Publicatlois: No publications supplied

" Keywords: Workload

Backs, R.W. Telephone: (1) 314-234-1096

4

McDonnell Douglas Astronautics Co.Engineering Psychology DepartmentHuman Performance LaboratoryP.O. Box 516St. Louis, Mo. 63166United States of America

e Performance Measures: Reaction time, eye movements, pupillary response, continuous EEC, steady-state evoked responses, modified rhyme test, and behavioral ratings are usedto asses human performance

* Normative Data Base: No

e Test Validation: Yes, in varying degress

i Testing Protocol: Speeded-response visual search tasks and intelligibility-testing in high back-ground noise

" Test Equipment: Data General Eclipse and Nova 4/X with Fortran and the Interactive Lab-oratory System, AED smart graphics terminals, Apple II pluses for variouslaboratory control purposes. B & K and Peavey audio equipment

" Theoretical Background: Manual control theory, signal detection theory, and information processingmodels including Carroll, Wickens, and Posner

i Relevant Publications: -Backs, R.W. (in press). Stimulus intensity and task complexity effects onlate components of the event-related potential. In Johnson, R. et al. (Eds.),Current research in event-related potentials.-Backs, R.W. & Walrath, L.C. (1986). Evoked pupillary responses duringvisual search. Psychophysiology, 23, 423.-Backs, R.W. & Grings, W.W, (1985). Effects of UCS probability on thecontingent negative variation and electrodermal response during long ISIconditioning. Psychophysiology, 22, 268-274.

9 Keywords: Divided attention Task competitionFocused attention Theoretical models

Mental resources WorkloadPhysio. Perform. Meas.Stressor effects

Baddeley, A. Telephone: (44) 223-355294MRC Applied Psychology Unit15 Chaucer RoadCambridge CB2 2EFUnited Kingdom

i Performance Measures: Semantic processing test, logical reasoning test, free recall learning, River-mead Behavioural Memory Test, & various memory span tasks are used forneurophysiological testing and for studying the effects of environmental stresson behavior.

* Normative Data Base: Logical reasoning / semantic processing: Data base being collected on sampleof 200 (broad range of age and intelligence) Behavioral Memory Test: normsbased on 100+ control subjects & 100+ brain damaged patients

" Test Validation: AB reasoning test: validated against standardised IQ tests. Semantic pro-cesing: validated against standard vocabulary tests & category generation.Behavioural Memory Test: validated against therapists' observations of ev-eryday memory lapses etc

" Testing Protocol: Varies according to circumstances

i Test Equipment: Paper and pencil (others have used computerised versions of all tests exceptthe Behavioural Memory Test, which has its own standardised material)

" Theoretical Background: Information processing theories of memory

" Relevant Publications: -Baddeley (1986), Working Memory (Oxford Univ. Press)-Wilson, Cockburn & Baddeley (1985), Manual for the Rivermead Be-havioural Memory Test (Thames Valley Test Co)

5

e Keywords: Divided attention Selective attentionEnvironmental stressors Task analysisFocused attention Task competitionIndividual differences Theoretical modelsMental resources WorkloadNormative performance measures

Baltes, P.B. (see Kliegl, page 59)

Battiste, V. (See Hart, page 43)

Beaumont, J.G. Telephone: (44) 792-205678University College of SwanseaDept. of PsychologySingleton parkSwansea SA2 9LYUnited Kingdom

* Performance Measures: Standard cognitive/personality measures. eg. Raven's Matrices. EPQ, DAT.Mill-Hill vocabulary, Wisconsin card sorting, and Money road naps are usedto assess neurological and psychiatric patients.

* Normative Data Base: Standard norms; data from more than 2500 test sessions on Apple lI-ascolsystem (Pascal software)

* Test Validation: Investigation of reliability and validity using standard norms in sample 4psychiatric patient, (over 2500 test sessions)

* Testing Protocol: Not standard application - research into psychometric properties ,on].

* Test Equipment: Apple 11, New developments based on IBM PC (plus compatibl- underMS-DOS and applying expert systems technology

" Theoretical Background: Traditional Psychometrics and Classical mental test theory

" Relevant Publications: -Beaumont and French (in press). Int. J. Man-Machine Studies-French and Beaumont (in press), Brit. ,. ('tin. Plsychol.-Beaumoont. to appear in Irvine et al. (Eds) Computer-Ba'd Human A.ses.-ment (N lhoff)

* Keywords: Individual differencesNormative performance measuresPersonnel selectionTask analysisTheoretical models

Behbehanl, K. (see Kondraske. page 60)

Beldeman, L.R. Telephone: (1) 314-233-3926McDonnell Douglas CorporationP.O. Box 516St. Louis, MO. 63166United States of America

* Performance Measures: Part and full simulations, flight tests, physiological measures. laboratorytests, workload

* Normative Data Base: No information supplied

* Test Validation: Yes- flight testing and pilot evaluations

6

* Testing Protocol: Flight simulations with mission scenarios

" Test Equipment: SEL computer and the McDonnell Douglas simulation facilities

" Theoretical Background: No information supplied

" Relevant Publications: Numerous Navy tech reports

" Keywords: PerformanceResponse competitionTask analysisTask competitionWorkload

Bennett, C. (see Hart, page 43)

Bercken, J. van den (See Bruyn, de, page 11)

Bhatti, J. (see Hindmarch, page 50)

Biferno, M.A. Telephone number not suppliedMetaus, S.A.Corwln, W.H.Williams, K.N.

Douglas Aircraft Co.Human Factors EngineeringMail Code 35-363855 Lakewood Blvd.Long Beach, California 90846United States of America

" Performance Measures: Primary task measures of aircraft operation are used, as well as secondary"tasks, including radio communications, air traffic detection, and the Stern-berg memory tests to provide objective guidance for aircraft design and serveas criteria for decision making.

" Normative Data Base: The norm is the control group.

" Test Validation: Graded levels of task demands are given to pilots (typically ::-12) andmultiple performance measures are collected with parallel subjective rea-sures. Construct validity is evaluated with ANOVA (sensitivity) and cor-relations is performed on the dependent variables to determine agreement(cross-validation).

* Testing Protocol: Controlled experimental comparisons are used. ranging form full-minssion sim-ulations to part-task simulations. Behavioral observation is also used.

" Test Equipment: PDP 11/23. amplifiers, Charles River data system with color monitor, vari-ous fixed- and motion-based simulators

" Theoretical Background: Interference single channel models of the human operator

" Relevant Publications: -Biferno, M.A. (1985) Relationship Between Event-related Potential Compo-nents and Ratings of Workload and Fat igue (report No. CR-177354). MoffettField, California: NASA Ames Research Center. June-Summers, L.C. et al. (1984) Flight Status Monitor Study, Phase I. SystemConcepts. DOT/FAA/PM-84/18. Federal Aviation Administration, Wara-ington, D.C.. July

e Keywords: Focused Attention Selective Attention

Individual Differences Task A4nalysisPerformance Theoretical Vod-,sPhyoio. Performt. Mecas. Workload

Boelhouwer, A.J. W. Telephone: (31)13-662154Tilburg UniversityDept. of Psychology, Physiological SectionP.O. Box 901535000 LEThe Netherlands

* Performance Measures: Reaction time. bratnsteii reflex(,,, andl heart rate are cised ti, study Inoturpreparatiton.

* Normative Data Base: No information supplied

" Test Validation: No infornmation supplied

* Testing Protocol: lBrainstin reflexes are evoked during the fureperiod of a WS-Rs paradigmito estimate the involvemnt of brain stem st ructuores in miotor preparation,1.

" Test Equipment: Digital PDI' 11/101 currently used . This will lie updlatedi witl] a PDP 11/73.A \'AX 785 currentlY iii use will 1ie replaced with a %'AX 871M. Standiardf

physiological recioriding eiluilnin is used.

" Theoretical Background: Thel( above paraigmi is lisp(] in a series of experimlents t hat stuidy motopi eparatin ait several levels of thle 'eint ral nervous system ( cortical. train-

stemn. t horacical and] ltubar)I

" Relevant Publications: -BIhelliolwer. AlJ. V. (1982) llk Ileflexes aiid Preparation. B Iiological Psy-chology. 14,. 277-285.* ioellioniwer.1WJ.%. eN al. (19182) Habiituation iif thle Illuutail Blink Rieles:tie Effect of Stimuilius Frequiiniy anl the State of Arousal. Physiological

Psychology. 10. 325- 330t.-iBoelhotiwer. AIAW. ef al. (19831 Chfanges iif lmnian Blinik Riflesx Mug-nit ode Diiriiig a Tlirev-Secoiii Fixedl Fnre''riod. lntcrinutzon a Isnisal ofNcurosciene 18, 231-238.- loielfiou yr.IA. i al. (ill press) Blink Reflex MJagnitude During tieForepteriod of a Wiariieif React ion Time Task: E-ffect, of Prvcuiwing. P.sy-ctiopiysiology- Drun ia. ('F. . anif Boeilhiiier. A.J . V'. (it) tpress) H effexes as a 1too]: Awindow in tie ICentral Nervous 'Systen. To be tpublishedf it): Ph A, kies.Jil. Jennings. & \I.t..H. (Ciles (Eds.),. Advonecs in Psychophysiology. \iii.:1. ( rei'iilwicli CiT, JAI Press

" Keywords: Perfornialice

Physio. Perform. Vea..

Boer, L.C. Telephioie: (31) 1463 1,14.iGaillard, A.W.K.Jorna, P.G.A.M.Wientjes, C.I.E.

TNO Institute for PerceptionIliinin Performiancie Research ( roujP() Box 2331769 Z( Soesterlierg

The Nethirlandis

e Performance Measures: React ion timie, error rate, phlysioliogical ineasuires. mianial contrrid measures.and foal task iiet hods are tisedl to develop~ t heory. assess workloiadl. ilent ifsrisk grioips. st utiy driig effects. aiii predict later job perfiirmnance.

* Normative Data Base: Yes. valiidationts fur three tasks iii thle -Taskoi X task battery are availablewith a suhject base of 4M0.

e Test Validation: Sniall-saitple validat ion for predlict ing jiil success: assessmnent of reasoitalditest-ret est st abil ity of respirat iii -relatedi palannuters over a ne-year interval

8

" Testing Protocol: After subjects are trained, measurements are taken.

" Test Equipment: IBM PC or XT for visual stimuli and RT: audio tape for auditory stimuli:PDP 11/34 for sampling and analyzing physiological data. Future plansinclude an IBM-AT.

" Theoretical Background: Additive factors method, resource theory

" Relevant Publications: -Doer, L.C. (1986), Attention Tasks and their Relation to Aging and FlightExperience. Soesterberg: TNO Institute for Perception-Jorna and Movaal, (September 1985) The use of simulation in predictingoperational performance: A new means applied to old problems. NAT)symposium otI Transfer of Training,-Gaillard, A.W.K. et al. (1984) Application of lab tasks in military setting:Panel VIII. Applied System Ergonomics, vol. 1, C-77-C-83

" Keywords: Individual differences Stressor EffectsPersonnel selection Theoretical modelsPersonality factors WorkloadNormative performance measuresPhysio. Perform. Meas.

Bogaard, J.M. Telephone: (31110-46343511Stane, H.Verbraak, A.F.M.Versprille, A.

Erasmus University. Rot cerdamPathophysiological lab.. Dept. of pulmonary diseasesP.O. Box 1738

3000 DR RotterdamThe Netherlands

* Performance Measures: Cycle ergometry is used to help diagnose cardiopulmonary diseases

* Normative Data Base: Yes, based on Jones, et al. Clinical exercise testing. W.B. Saunders (Cie.Philadelphia. 1975 and Oxygen Transport to Tissue VIII. Eds. Kreuzer. F.et al., Plenum Publishing Corporation. 409-417. 1985.

* Test Validation: Yes. medical validations have been done in literature and technological vali-dations have been done through calibration procedures.

- Testing Protocol: Steady state sampling after stepwise increases of workload

" Test Equipment: Bicycle ergometer, inhalatory and expiratory gas analysis devices, pneutto-tachometer, blood pressure measurements. blood-gas analyses. ECG, off-lineprocessing with Digital Equip. Corp. PDP 11/03.

* Theoretical Background: Physiological and medical background of ergonietry as published in interna-tional journals and medical books

" Relevant Publications: -Bogaard. J.M. et al. (1986) Anaerobic Threshold as Detected from Ven-tilatory aid Metabolic Exercise Responses in patients with initochondrialrespiratory chain defect. Advances in Cardiology. 35, 135-145.-Bogaard. J.M. et dl. Metabolic and ventilatory Responses to Exercise inPatients with a Deficient 02 Utilization by a mitochondrial mnyopathy. Ad-vances in Experimental Medicme and Biology. 191.

" Keywords: PerformancePhysio. Perform. Mens.Workload

Born, M. (See Algera, page 1)

Bortolus8i, M. (See hiart, page 43)

9

Boschman, M. (See Roufs, page 86)

Bosma, H.A. Telephone:(31) 50-636324(31)50-636309

State University GroningenDept. of Psychology

Oude Boterirgestr. 349712 GK Groningen

The Netherlands

* Performance Measures: Groningen Identity Development Scale is used to help assess adolescent iden-

tity development

& Normative Data Base: No

" Test Validation: Content and construct validity

" Testing Protocol: Interview and multiple-choice questions

" Test Equipment: Attempts are being made to refine procedures for clinical applications.

" Theoretical Background: Erickson, E.I.. (1968) Identity, Youth, and Crises, New York: NortonMarcia, J.E.. (1986) Identity in Adolescence in Adelson (Ed.), Handbook ofAdolescent Psychology, New York: Wiley

" Relevant Publications: -Dosmna, H.A. (1985) Identity Development in adolescence: Coping with com-

mitments. Groningen: State University. unpublished doctoral dissertation.-Bosma. H.A. (1986) Identiteitsontwikkeling in de adolescetttie. NederlandsTydschrift voor de Psychologie. vol.41. 268-274

* Keywords: Personality Factors

Bousquet, A. (See Meyer, J.J., page 70)

Bout, J. (See D3khuis, page 21)

Brand, N. Telephone: (31)30-373098Hyman, R.

State University UtrechtPsychiatric University ClinicDept. of Cognitive Deficits and NeuropsychologyNic. Beetsstraat 24

3511 HG Utrecht

The Netherlands

" Performance Measures: Measurements are based on information processing theories adapted for clini-

cal use. Psychometric tests for memory. language, and visuospatial functions.behavioral neurology for motor and planning behavior.

" Normative Data Base: Normative data is available on normal volunteers and different patietgroups, but have ll4,t yet bee: entered into the comnputer.

* Test Validation: I:frmnation processing tests have been validated with other neurol.ycholog-ical tests

" Testing Protocol: Stim:uli presented on computer screen, by LEDs. or slide projector. paperand pencil tests, and copying motor and gestural behavior

" Test Equipment: Apple lie with DOS 3.3 operating system: "NEUROPSYCIt custom test

package

10

" Theoretical Background: Theory of information processing (Sternberg, 1969), long psychometric tra-ditions. (Lezak, 1983), and neuropsychological insights (Luria, 1980, 1976,1973)

" Relevant Publications: -Brand & Jolles (1985), J. Gen. Psychology, 112,201-210-Brand & Jolles, Psychological Medicine, in press-Brand & Jolles, in Maarsse et al. (Eds) Computers in Psychology, in press-Brand, N. (1987) Memory, Information Processihg, and Depression. Disser-tation in preparation.

" Keywords: Decision makingPerformance

Braune, R. (See Fadden, page 27)

Bressler, S. (See Gevins, page 35)

Brordbent, D.E. Telephone: (44) 865-271444University of OxfordDepartment of Experimental PsychologySouth Parks RoadOxford OXI 3UDUnited Kingdom

" Performance Measures: RT to syntactic, semantic, and non-verbal signals (most tests have strongattentional component) are used to determine environmental and ptycholog-ical factors relevant to civil occupations, and to find personality measures toreplace self-report questionnaires.

* Normative Data Base: No

* Test Validation: Stress: Comparison with operational records of accidents or production Per-sonality: Correlations between questionnaires and with psychiatrists' ratings

" Testing Protocol: Short practice, test duration typically 30 min, but up to 6 hours. Typicallybetween-Ss design with individual differences removed by common baseline:pure between and pure within designs also used

" Test Equipment: Research Machines 380Z, Sinclair Spectnr,=-. May change to IBM PC com-patibles

" Theoretical Background: See Broadbent, Cognition, 1981 and Broadbent, Brit. J. Clin. Pharm.. 1984

" Relevant Publications: -Brosan et al. (1986), Psych. Medicine-Stollerv. (1986) Brit. J. Indust. Med.-Broadbent et al.(1986), Brit. J. Clin. Psych.-Smith (1985), Acta Psychologica-Smith (1985), Brit. J. Psychol.

" Keywords: Environmental stressors Personality factorsFocused attention Selective attentionIndividual differences Workload

Brookhuls, K.A. Telephone: (31)50-636780State University of GroningenTraffic Research CenterP.O. Box 699750 AB HarenThe Netherlands

" Performance Measures: Weaving (lateral position variability), Reaction time (false alarms andmisses), Time to line-crossing, and digit symbol substitution tests are usedto study driving performance

* Normative Data Base: No information supplied

" Test Validation: Yes- for the weaving parameter

* Testing Protocol: Data ia cuilected on . highway test-vehicie, and in a lab with divided atten-tion and vigilance tasks.

* Test Equipment: LSI-lI system with an electronic line scanner, using M-DOS operating sys-tem and private software

* Theoretical Background: Psychomotor functions may be impaired by Benzodiazepines due to its seda-tive effect on the extrapyramidal system

" Relevant Publications: -O'Hanlon et al., (1982)Science.

* Keywords: Divided attention Phtysio. Perform. Meas.

Environmental stressors Selective attentionFocused attention Stressor effectsPerformance

Brouwer, W.H. Telephone: (31)50-619111Deelman, B.G. (31)50-612408Zomeren, A.H. van

State University GroningenDept. of NeuropsychologyUniversity Hospital9713 EZ GroningenThe Netherlands

* Performance Measures: Reaction times, signal detection, attentional and memory paraneters areused to study cognitive deficits in subjects with brain lesions.

* Normative Data Base: Healthy volttteers of all ages

* Test Validation: Yes- Predictive and concurrent validity

* Testing Protocol: Methods vary

" Test Equipment: No information supplied

* Theoretical Background: Information processing (Shiffrin and Schneider. 1977)

* Relevant Publications: -Brouwer, W.H., Limitations of Attention after Closed Head Injury.-Zomeren, A.H. van., Reaction Time and Attention after Closed Head Injury.

* Keywords: Decision making Response competitionDivided attention Selective attentionFocused attention Theoretical modelsIndividual differences WorkloadPhysio. Perform. Meas.

Bruyn, E.E.J. de Telephone: (31)80-512139Bercken, J.H.L. van denHoutmans, M.J.M.Grievink, E.

Catholic University N~megeninstituut voor Orthopedagogiek(Department of Spec. Ed.:Psychodiagnostics Research Group)Erasmusplein 16800 HD N~megenThe Netherlands

* Performance Measures: Choice of task difficulty level, choice time. completion time. error rate. aitverification time are used to assess the effects of motivational factors onperformance in cognitive t asks (anagrams)

12

" Normative Data Base: Not yet

" Test Validation: Yes- see Gjesme and Nygard's scale of achievement motivation. Also basedon literature on tests of mental abilities

* Testing Protocol: Paper and pencil tests for motivational attitudes and cognitive abilities and apersonal computer for presenting tasks and registering performance measures

* Test Equipment: Apple Macintosh Plus with special purpose software (Pascal programs)

" Theoretical Background: Achievement motivation theories, cognitive components theory, and modelsfor response times and mental performance

* Relevant Publications: -Bercken, J.H.L. van den et al. (1986) Achievement and Task Motivation,

Lisse-Swets, Netherlands

" Keywords: Dee;-* n making Personality factorsIn 'al differences Risk takingM resources Task analysisPerformance Theoretical models

Bugat, M. (See Hyacinthe, page 51)

Burkard, F. Telephone: (49) 69 7983786Johann Wolfgang Goethe-UniversititInstitut fir PsychologieAbt. Arbeits- trd VerkehrspsychologieMertonstr. 17D-6000 Frankfurt IWest Germany

e Performance Measures: A test battery is used for personnel selection for driving, controlling andmonitoring jobs.

* Normative Data Base: A database of 70 students is available.

e Test Validation: The battery consists of tests which have been validated by a paper-pencilversion.

* Testing Protocol: A visual display unit with a special keyboard is used.

e Test Equipment: The hardware was developed on a basis of an EUROCOM computer; pro-grams were developed in-house(ASSEMBLER)

* Theoretical Background: Principles of the classical test theory for ability testing

* Relevant Publications: Burkard, F., et al. (1982) Das Frankfurter Testsystem G25 zur psychologis-chen Untersuchung fri Fahr-, Steuer-, mid iiberwachungstitigkeiten nach denBerufsgenossenschaftlichen Grundsktzen fMr arbeitsmedizinische Vorsorgeun-tersuchungen. Entwicklungsauftrag des Hauptverbandes der gewerblichenBerufsgenossenschaften. Frankfurt

* Keywords: Personnel Selection

Byrdorf, P. Telephone number not suppliedThe Defense Centre for LeadershipChristianshavns Voldgade 81424 Copenhagen K Denmark

* Performance Measures: Information not supplied

* Normative Data Base: Yes- it is stored on an Olivetti M 24 with MS-DOS operating system

* Test Validation: Yes- by way of flying training and academics

13

" Testing Protocol: Group and individual 1-ychologicaI interviews i4tld individual psyrllJiot2-tests

* Test Eqdlpment: The Picard Analyzer will be used in the near future

* Theoretical Background: No) inforination s uppliedl

* Relevant Publications: No publications supplied

* Keywords: Decision making Physto. Perform. Mea.Divided attention Response competitionEnvironmental stressors Risk takingFocused attention Selective attentionIndividual differences Stressor effectsMental resources Task anal ysisNorm, perform. measuremertlask competitionPerformance Theoretical modelsPersonality factors WockwadPersonnel selection

Call, F. (See Floru. page 31)

Caminada, H.P.G.M. Telephone: (31)13-669111Tilburg UniversityDept. of PsychologyP.O. Box 901535000 LE TilburgThe Netherlands

" Performance Measures: Memory tasks are used to study the relatiotnship between mnood and( ineniorv

* Normative Data Base: No)

" Test Validation: No

" Testing Protocol: Mood-ettatcing lilnis

" Test Equipment: Video equipme'nt

" Theoretical Background: Mood-congruence hypothesis (B~laney. P.H.. 1986) Affect and Memory: AReview, Psychological Bulletin. 99. 229-246. Also. Leventhal & Tornarken(1986). Emotion: Today's Problems. A4nnual Review, of Psychology, 37.565-610

" Relevant Publications: No earlier publications exist.

" Keywords: Individual differencesPerformancePersonality factorsSelective attentionTheoretical models

Casall, J.G. (See Snyder, page 95)

Chariton, S. (See Courtright. page 16)

Childs, J. (See Courtright. page 16)

14

Christensen, C. (See Courtright, page 16)

Chwlalkowskl, M. (see Kondraske, page 60)

Cohen, L. Telephone: (31)20-5489111Academic Hospital of the Free UniversityDept. of Medical Psychologyde Boelelaan 11171081 HV AmsterdamThe Netherlands

* Performance Measures: Rorschach tests are used to assess personality.

* Normative Data Base: Yes-Exner (in the U.S.)

* Test Validation: Yes- J.E. Exner, Jr. (1986) The Rorschaeh: A comprchensive system, vol 1,

Wiley, New York

" Testing Protocol: Based on Exner's comprehensive system

* Test Equipment: No information supplied

" Theoretical Background: Personality theory

" Relevant Publications: -Exner Jr., J.E.,(1986) The Rorschach: A Comprehensive System, Vol 1,Wiley, N.Y.

" Keywords: Individual differences

Coleston, D.M. Telephone: (44) 532 431751 ext. 6540University of LeedsDept. of PsychologyHuman Psychopharmacology Research UnitLeeds, West Yorkshire LS2 9JTUnited Kingdom

e Performance Measures: Critical flicker fusion threshold, choice reaction time, and the SternbergMemory Scanning with numbers and words are used to measure changesin cognitive function following application of cerebral st'nulant.

* Normative Data Base: A data base is currently being collected for populations of young healthyadults, healthy elderly, and demented eldei ly.

" Test Validation: The tests are shown to be sensitive t changes in cognitive function andinformation processing application of drugs such as anti-histamines, minortranquilizers, and anti-depressants.

* Testing Protocol: Practice until plateau is reached, then practice again at the start of each

study day. Battery may be completed in 10 minutes and may be repeated anumber of times during study day. Typical design: randomized double-blindcrossover with each subject acting as his own control.

" Test Equipment: Leeds portable Psychomotor Tester and the Steinberg task: BBC

e Theoretical Background: Information processing and arousal theory and memory scanning model

15

" Relevant Publications: -Subhan and Hindmarch (1985) European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology-Parrott and Hindmarch (1982) British Journal of Clinical Practice (Sympo-sium Supplement)-Subhan and Hindmarch (1984) International Journal of Clinical and Phar-

macological Research

-Subhan and Hindmarch (1985) Drug Development Research

" Keywords: Normative Performance Measures

Colle, H.A. Telephone: (1) 513-873-2391Tsang, P.

Wright State UniversityDept. of PsychologyDayton. Ohio 45435

United States of Atnerica

e Performance Measures: Cognitive classification tasks. Criterion Task Set. Subjective Workload As-sessmnent Technique, NASA bipolar scales. inodified (ooper-Harper scale andspecialized matching judgements are used to develop a measurentent systeln

to identify tests that measure comparable workload levels

* Normative Data Base: Yes- equivalences between at least 10 different cognitive tasks have beenobtained.

" Test Validation: Yes- the procedure tests the axioms of a fundamental measurement theory

" Testing Protocol: Single and dual-tasks are being tested. Performance tradeoff curve usuallywith 5-6 levels are generated for each task pair

* Test Equipment: VIASYN S-100 buss systems with SCION graphics boards ala! (omputalkerCT-1 speech synthesizer, Conuodore 64 computer

* Theoretical Background: Cognitive classification tests that tap short-term lUeulory, different hlcsi,

of cognitive processing, auditory vs. visual processing, and inathenlaticalprocessing

" Relevant Publications: -Acton. W.H. & Colle, H.A. (1984). The effect of task type and stimulus

pac;ng rate on subjective mental workload ratings. Proceeding to the IEEE

Aerospace 8 Electronic Conference. 818-823.-Warr, D. et aL (1986). A comparative evaluation of two subjective workloadmeasures: The subjective workload assessment technique and the Imodifielt

Cooper-Harper Scale. Proceeding of Psychology in the DOD conference.-Amell, J.A. (1986). A comparison of two chord keyboards coding systemsfor alphanumeric data entry. Masters Thesis. Wright State University.

-Colle. H.A. (1980, November). Extensive measurement of tmental workload.Paper presented at the Psychonomics Society meeting, St. Louis.

-Colle, H.A. & Ewry, M. (1987). Measurement of attentional capacity. I

preparation.

* Keywords: Divided attention

Mental resources

Normative performance measuresTheoretical models

Workload

Cooke, R.M. Telephone number not supplied

Technical University Delft

e Performance Measures: Evaluating and combining expert opinion

* Normative Data Base: No

* Test Validation: In progress

9 Testing Protocol: Calibration tests

16

" Test Equipment: No information supplied

" Theoretical Background: Subjective probability

" Relevant Publications: -Cooke, R., (September, 1985) Expert Resolution, IFAC Proceedings.

" Keywords: Decision makingNormative performance measures

Corwin, W.H. (see Biferno, page 6)

Courtrlght, J.F. Telephone: (1) 505-848-5632Taylor, B.H. Telephone: (1) 505-848-5240Charlton, S.G. Telephone: (1) 505-848-5122Childs, J. Telephone: (1) 505-848-0949

Christensen, C. Telephone: (1) 505-844-8717The BDM Corporation1801 Randolph Rd. SEAlbuquerque, NM. 87106

United States of America

s Performance Measures: Various objective and subjective measures to support operational test objec-tives

* Normative Data Base: Not really- literature data bases used. We have some data base informationon specific subjective scales based on several applications to specific sub-

populations.

* Test Validation: Where possible, tests are selected for performance assessment which havesome validation reported in the literature.

" Testing Protocol: Tests administered with limited experimental controls. Must use correla-tioual techniques and non-parametric inference where more powerful meth-

ods are inappropriate

" Test Equipment: Adaptive equipment used. including a recently developed microprocessor-hosted tool to administer and evaluate questionnaires, rating scales. etc.that are adaptive to pre-setting

" Theoretical Background: Eclectic and opportunistic approaches

" Relevant Publications: -Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Thirtieth Annual Meeting, Sept.

29-Oct. 3, 1986, Dayton, OH including:*Frazier, M.L. & Taylor, B.H. Integrating Human Factors in the OperationalTest and Evaluation Process. p. 1146-1148

*Acton, W.H. & Rokicki, S.M. Survey of SWAT Use in Operational test and

Evaluation, p. 1221-1224

•Courtright, J.F. et al. Scenario Analysis: A Tool for Planning OperationalTest and Evaluation p. 1225-1228*Taylor, B.H. & Charlton, S.G. Adaptive Questionnaires for OperationalTest and Evaluation p. 1229-1223•Rokicki, S.M. et al. The Independence of Ratings of Workload and Fatigue

" Keywords: PerformanceTask competition

Workload

Cox, N. (See Hermaarden, page 47)

Craig, A. Telephone: (44) 273-678064

17

University of SussexMRC Perceptual & Cognitive Performance UnitFalmerBrighton BNI 9QGUnited Kingdom

* Performance Measures: Beta, d', % correct, % hits. false alarms, and RT's from a wide range of tasksare used to evaluate cardiology diagnostic systems. determine vigilance levelsand decrement, and determine time-of-day effects on performance.

* Normative Data Base: Only for CTS

" Test Validation: Diagnostic systems: validated against surgery/autopsy: Vigilance/time-of-day: validity not relevant

" Testing Protocol: Diagnostic systems: use experienced medical consultants: little practicegiven: all-day testing (with breaks): within-Ss design. Vigilance: mixeddesign; 40 min practice/60 min session. Time-of-day: within-Ss design: 15min practice/ thr session

" Test Equipment: Apple II (Basic and Pascal software), Commodore 64 (CTS package)

" Theoretical Background: Multiple resources and Signal detection theory

" Relevant Publications: -Craig & Condon (1984). Human Factors-Craig (1981), Human Factors-Houston & Craig et al. (1985) Proc. European Nuclear Medicine Congress

* Keywords: Decision MakingFocused attentionWorkload

Curtln, J. (See Walcath, page 107)

Dam-Baggen, C.M.J. Van Telephone: (31)30-373098Kraamaat, F.W.

State University of Utrecht, Psychiatric ClinicDept. of Clinical PsychologyNic. Beetsstraat 203511 HG UtrechtThe Netherlands

" Performance Measures: The lnventarisatielist Omgaan met Anderen (IOA) is used for the assessmentof social anxiety and assertiveness.

" Normative Data Base: Yes- there are four groups used: 172 non-assertive psychiatric patients. 62

psychiatric patients. 120 students (PABO) and 251 normal subjects. Seven-point scales with percentiles are used. Norm tables differentiate betweenmen and women for sex-related subscales,

" Test Validation: Reliability and validity characteristics are determined by: factor analysis.test-retest, predictive validity, convergent and divergent validity, sensitivityfor change, discriminative, and internal consistancy.

" Testing Protocol: Paper and pencil format

" Test Equipment: MS-DOS operating system

* Theoretical Background: Behavioral therapy, learning theory, and test theory

" Relevant Publications: -Dam-Baggen. R. van & Kraaimaat. F.W. (1986) De betrouwbaarheid envaliditeit van de Inventarisatielst Omgaan met Anderen. (,edragthcrapie.19, (4), 229-248-Dani-Baggen. C.M.J. van & Kraaimaat. F.W. (1987). Handlciding blt deInventarisatiel4t Omgaan met Anderen. Swets & Zeitlinger by, Lisse

18

Keywords: Individual differencesPersonality factorsTheoretical models

Damos, D. Telephone number not suppliedUniversity of Southern CaliforniaDept. of Human Factors, ISSMLos Angeles, CA. 90089-0021United States of America

* Performance Measures: Correct and incorrect error scores and reaction times are used to study theeffects of: practice, various stimulus-response modes on performance, exoticenvironment

" Normative Data Base: Most of the data supporting the use of the tasks we employ has been pub-lished in the open literature. There is no computer-based data base as such.

" Test Validation: Most tracking tasks have been validated as aircrew selection devices. A ma-trix test we are developing was originally used to demonstrate the existenceof a visual short-term memory system. We have used the verbal suppressiontechnique to demonstrate that the task is indeed spatial.

" Testing Protocol: Subjects receive repeated trials on a given task or a combination of tasks.Subjects always receive single- task training before performing dual-tasks.Otherwise, the protocol is dependent upon the specific tasks.

* Test Equipment: Micro PDP's with RT-11 operating system, IBM XT, VOTAN continuousrecognition system, Micromint voice generation system, Measurement Inc.dual-axis control sticks, and a Tektronix 4107 color graphics terminal. ATektronix 4128 3-D color graphics terminal will be added in the future.

" Theoretical Background: Wicken's Multiple Resources Model and Sternberg's memory search task

" Relevant Publications: -Damos, D.L. & Wickens. C.D. (1980). The identification and transfer oftime-sharing skills. Acts P ychologica, 46, 15-39-Damns, D.L. & Lintern, G. (1981) A comparison of single- and dual-taskmeasures to predict simulator performance of beginning student pilots. Er-gonomics, 24, 673-684-Damos, D.L. et al. (1983) Individual differences in multiple-task perfor-mance as a function of response strategy. Human Factors, 25, 215-226-Damos, D.L. et al. (1984) Development of performance evaluation tests forenvironmental research (PETER): Critical tracking. Perceptual and MotorSkills. 58, 567-573-Damos, D.L. (1984) Individual differences in multiple-task performance andsubjective estimates of workload. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 59. 567-580

" Keywords: Divided attention Personnel selectionIndividual differences Response competitionMental resources Task competitionPerformance Wo, kload

Das-Smaal, E.A. Telephone: (31)20-5487348Jong, P. de

Free UniversityDept. of Psychology and EducationDe Boelelaan 11151081 HV AmsterdamThe Netherlands

" Performance Measures: Selective, sustained. & divided attention, flexibility of attention, distractionand impulsiveness are used to study attentional and impulsiveness problemsamong primary school children.

" Normative Data Base: Not yet

* Test Validation: Not yet

" Testing Protocol: Paper and pencil tests in class situation

19

" Test Equipment: Paper and pencil test is currently in development based on school-type tasks.

" Theoretical Background: Various attentional theories

* Relevant Publications: No publications supptliedl

" Keywords: Divided attentionFocused attentionIndividual differencesSelective attentionWorkload

Debus, G. (see Sanders. page 87)

Deelman, B. (See B~rouwer, page 11)

Dirkzwager, A. Telephone: (31)53-8935631 niversity of TwenteFaculty of Applied Educational SciencePostbox 2177500 AE EnschtedeThe Netherlands

* Performance Measures: Log-scale of personal probabilities to mneasure knowledge and insight, realismnscore to measure if personal p~robabilities are rep~ortedl realistically

* Normative Data Base: No

" Test Validation: No

" Testing Protocol: Paper and pencil tests presented by an computer with on-line educatingfeedback

" Test Equipment: Macintosh and Atari 1010 ST with own applicatiot software

" Theoretical Background: Testing using personal p~robab~ilities

" Relevant Publications: -Shuford. r. andl Brown. F.A., (1975) Elicitation of Personal Probabilitiesand their Assessinent, tnstr. Sciencc. 137-188-Dirkzwager, A., (1975) Education for Knowledge Evaluation and Inforroa-tion Assessment. Proceedings from the Second nt. Confe rence 'Children inthe Information Age

" Keywords: Decision makingIndividual dtfferencesMental resourcesRisk takingTheoretical models

Dowd, P. (See Schifiett. page 90)

Droog, A. (See Willigers. page I 11)

Dryden, R. (See Snyder. ptage 95)

'I

20

Duhm, E. (See Liler, page 66)

d'Ydewalle, G. Telephone number not suppliedUniversity of Leuven

Dept. of PsychologyB-3000 LeuvenBelgium

* Performance Measures: Pupilloruetry & eye movement recordings are used for testing general modelsof information processing.

* Normative Data Base: No information supplied

" Test Validation: No information supplied

* Testing Protocol: No information supplied

* Test Equipment: Suns Workstations using Prolog. DEC PDP 11/40, 11/34. and Microvax I1.Debic eye movement equipment

" Theoretical Background: Information processing theories

* Relevant Publications: See new book on eye movement by O'Rego and Levy-Schoer

" Keywords: Divided attention Theoretical modelsFocused Attention Mental resources

Physio. Perform. Meas.

Selective attention

Dye, L. Telephone: (44) 532 431751University of LeedsHuman Psychopharmacology Research UnitLeeds. West Yorkshire LS6 9JTUnited Kingdom

* Performance Measures: Critical flicker fusion is studied over menstrual cycles

* Normative Data Base: 56 women over three months

" Test Validation: Unspecified

" Testing Protocol: 5 minutes of practice on CFFT. 5 minute test at same ti me of day at variousstages of menstrual cycle repeated measures designed, in some cases. betweensubjects, eg. different gynaecological states.

* Test Equipment: Leeds psychomotor tester

" Theoretical Background: Cognitive information processing and/or arousal model

" Relevant Publications: See Hindmarch publications

" Keywords: Environmental stressoro

Norm. performance Measures

Dyk, T.M. van Telephone: (31) 20-644331 (t-237)Universiteit van AmsterdamOrthopedagogisch InstitutYsbaanpad 91076 CV AmsterdamThe Netherlands

*Performance Measures: 1" L' val Soiatle Utsliagiligei l> d.ef- Tiling "iale- :::-'iwirotg. ijo:-nl tix-

itIs- and avoilaire 1:eliz.s-i::r. t lie LYt wigN : I;, -- i:-:ii ratI \etanule:ing(Ll'1(\ -assesses real anl( sli;:loseVt :O::Ilirtsl at::

1 i:-I):l aig-iti: i-

*&Normative Data Base: '\'

* Test Validation: Somlc et,s have 'ek-11 %altilati- "ilb wi iiilisialc, fii ;\SS c llritiktinan and:lo:.Ilit, 5 [1T (Akkerniati - aril I Iriet lJ oidge: ot lierS ire stillinpo -

* Testing Protocol: Writt-n iet's, self-rattug, alit Mottle si-lf-aitiist ertil t tsts alt 11-::

* Test Equipment: Cvla-r. SI)SS

* Theoretical Background: -Slirilbtr. S (C- ail DAIS. T NI. ;an (1981) Gii: -tot rapt: :t S ib I L,: rtir, -srir. ll:i-exeti. I atiotaptiliiiiies-1) vk. TAI. vn it al. (1982) Alut: ion iii-trtil:it : aing.4 :la~iri-ioi?1 rtn:.yin. Altosterdlao:. I - .- A. '\1ILS- lillti: 16i-I)ln-Iiaggenl. Ri. a..:l Nrailatti: F . (198-1) I t:ill ,:l zfreg::ltie "('r III-

t::ialvaaililieils li-ra ilkit grioi-pi-t. 1 s : it:ii: (% lir at ie. U: ilraigst:if r-

-1)it k, TM. s-at: andI Slhril~i. W.(-. lls Outilk: lhtg i ~qtgsiaiirlynt ()SL. Ariisterdltiti. I s-A: \'akgriep ( .ivtinlevi

ITT: Hfaiierlsnr. L.A. Bc/wi-in (/itig. I liatni~aigii. Ill. Hsear, I-ir

* Relevant Publications: -1)/vk. YS*l. i-at: io al. I19S3) Milt Ii:::- x~lri-i 6 j""?t~-l~g t

Itis-irsit eit vatn Atisterdi:

" Keywords: itt: iiv::::tit-: OW Str, -or,.

to r, ,ti Effect,Th: :rrtwral AlndrL,

D~khuis. J.H. l'i-li:liiiii: 3 1130-5311917

Bout. J.V.D.Hoevennais. J.Jong, R. deSon. M.J.M. van

\'Ag rut-: Klitiris-le It

30illogi11Iellt-gltitil I. 1 tiv

" Performance Measures: lt: :iti:::-oi -is--l ;::-r I~ia~iri--- :1 1: Itleati W-vE :oi:) is:

* Normative Data Base: St19 ivi1i t lI7

" Test Validation: Tlii- etigiisli si-vi:::: of Ib:: l'Es anill 1:: ELS Ilas sll:wt soi::: ialiilits

* Test Equipment: Ni:o infitrinti siip::: ,

* Theoretical Backgrouind: Leisoiliiis r-iiifiirinit-::t t HiiorY ii) :le~iis'ii (Sit- lio::e-io . 19)87)

" Relevant Publications: -et:r~s:iu.I.I - al. (191831) Afai:l for i,: Vripli-:i.at i- isShitI rtigitti I fiisrsilv oif O rtigon:.

-Ala, jlillaiiiv N. 1).J. &A Ielilrikitili 1'\1- (1976i) Abirnial fur On,~ PlftraroE i IW, Sehut I ):g::u - Ui isitv o f I r::goa

Keywords: En is rrnental stres.ioesIndividual differeneecs.Stressar eJertsTheoretiral models

Dykstra, A. Telephone: (31 )8tl-5I91lIFrauenfeider, U.Schreuder, R.

Max-Platwk lnstitnt ffnr l'sycholinginsisWundtlaan 1-NL6525 XD NyinegenThe Netherlands

9 Performance Measures: Roaction tnit, itttersetnsory farilit at ion: dlistinct ion of represent at on andintegration

* Normative Data Base: lNo information supplied

" Test Validation: No iniformiat ion sulptilied

" Tresting Protocol: Groop) experitniett withi vistual and nuo :ry presetitat ini

* Test Equipment: DEC ['VP 11/23 and spec' d soft ware t ackage for erostttal investigat on

" Theoretical Background: D~ifferentiat ion of crisiiolal tttt Let, a( re-tresettatjotial aid dtl ision/jittegrat ion levels

" Relevant Publications: See poiblicatins Iy J, Miller

" Keywords: Divided attention

Egeraat, J3. van (See Sti'~ders. p~age 95)

Eiselt, W. (see Scehoeffel. page 92)

Eisenhardt, T. Trlv1 ,ltoti:; (19)-271l-7401iUniversity (J1 Siegeit

Hoelderi itst rase .15900 iiegettWAest Gtrmany

" Performance Measures: SPM (Have!:) .lttsetiies

* Normative Data Base: No

" Test Validation: C orrelat itt with It .1 aril FI

* Testing Protocol: t ititited thiiti

* Test Equipment: lioteyw'ell-13tt1l: SISS

" Theoretical Background: Perforttantce ofjutvettiles in einirottitei ii t ressKng silt o

* Relevant Publications: -Eiset:Iardlt T1. (1977), Di, Wirkunqi n dC kt:.sz-nr Hapt off Jug-diff

I-took ft i

23

Keywords: Environmental qstressorsIndividual differencesMental resouceys

St cc.ssor effects

Eling, P. Telephonte: (31)80-512557Catholic tUniversity N~inegeiDept. of PsychologyP.O. Box 91046500 HE N~rnegettThe Netherlands

" Performance Measures: Heart iot-tinle tasks (Schtneider & Silfriti 19773. cotupit crisis1

Boutrdoni task.verbal & and tonverbal inenory tasks art used to inivestigate the effects of"brain darnage" (i raurtta and~ ttortnal and pathological aging)I oil inforttatili

tprocessing: dissociation of incniorv systettis.

" Normative Data Base: Approx, 140 healthy adults. 30-70 yrs. old

" Test Validation: The tproject is directed at stu ttdcing lt be validity of at tentiotn all! ntittlorNtasks as used itt tie literature.

* Testing Protocol: The tests are given individually aniti wit h the htelp of a P.C.

" Test Equipment: PC Apple Plus with locally developed software called A-Plea. New versiotnswill soon lbe available for Olivetti PC's.

* Theoretical Background: The infortmatiotn processitng tmodel of Sdlineitler & Slihfriti. 1977. Psy. lb -view. & the related semuant ic associative tueiorv inodel of Raaviakcr andSliifrin

" Relevant Publications: M1%aarse. F.. A-plex applaraitus for Psychsolinguistic experitnts, Proceedingsof the second workshop 'Vomnputers in Psychology", Lisse k- Swets, in prepa-

ratiott

Focused attention Individal differcrccs

Normative performance measures

S~elective attention

Ellis, H.D. Telephone: (44) 222-483861University of Wales. ]inst. of Science & TechttologyDept. of Applied PsychologyCarditf CF3 7UX

United Kingdotn

" Performance Measures: Verbal reasoniing (lBaddeley, d.uigit spani. visual search. atal odd-evett serial

RT task arc used tot detertinte thtertmal andh (livitng stress and( fatigue.

" Normative Data Base: No

* Test Validation: No - bttt high reliability c.t aitlisheul

" Testing Protocol: Practice followed bly testing lwfore/dtrig/ after st ressor: tYpically withiit-Ssdlesignt

" Test Equipment: 13C Mlastvr/Witclester Hlard D~isk attu lit-Hioise software

" Theoretical Background: G~eneral itiforiat ion-processing tmtodel

" Relevant Publications: -Ellis (1982). Human Factors-Ellis et al. (1985). .1. Aviationt Space tv Fur. Med.

" Keywords: Divided attentionEnvironmental scsnsorsFocused attention

Mental resourcesWorkload

24

Emmen, H.H. Telephone: (31)20-5483858Uytdehaage, B.Orlebeke, J.F.

Free University, AmsterdamDe Boelelaan 1115Prov. 1, B-0081081 HV AmsterdamThe Netherlands

* Performance Measures: The Neurobehavioral Evaluation System (NES). which has been developedto facilitate the evaluation of populations at risk for nervous system dysfunc-

tions due to environmental agents

* Normative Data Base: No

* Test Validation: The tests included are modified from the validated Wechsler Adult Intelli-gence Scale (Wechsler, 1955).

* Testing Protocol: A microcomputer is used to run the tests.

* Test Equipment: Olivetti M24 computer with MS-DOS operating system

* Theoretical Background: The NES is used to record symptoms, obtain exposure history, and character-ize confounding variables. Standard tasks evaluating memory, visual/motor

function, and mood are selected and adapted for computer presentation fol-lowing the reconmlendations of the World Health Organization and NationalInstitute for Occupational Safety and Health. Exposure to toxic substances

would be expected to shift the distribution of test scores in groups of indi-viduals with excessive exposure.

* Relevant Publications: -Emmen. H.H. ct al., (1987) Reliability of the Neurobehavioral EvaluationSystem. Abstract for the First Meeting of the International Neurotoicology

A ssociation in Lunteren. The Netherlands.

* Keywords: Normative performance measare.s

Performance

Physio. Perform. Meas.

Engelbrecht, W. Telephone: (49) 911 172440Bundesanstalt fur Arbeit(Federal Employment Institute)

Regensburger Strale 104D-8500 Niirnberg 30West Gernany

* Performance Measures: Ability tests, occupational interest inventories, vocational counseling of ado-

lescents and adults, employment intrviewihg, and rehabilitation

* Normative Data Base: See l'ublications"

* Test Validation: See "Publications"

* Testing Protocol: Paper-pencil tests are used.

* Test Equipment: Most cases are handled manually. but about one fourth of the cases useoptical-clectronic scanning. and computerized test interpretation. Siemens

hardware and in-house software is used." Theoretical Background: Person-envirom,uet-in

25

* Relevant Publications: -Engelbrecht. W. (1975) Validierung einer Berufseignungs-Test-)atterie mndVerwendung der Ergebnisse fur vine computerunterstitzte berufsbezogene

Testbefundinterpretation. Diagnostica. 21. 3-24. 97-106-Engelbrecht. W. (1978) Weiterentwicklung der ulaschinellen Testbefundin-

terpretation zur EUB-Testbatterie. Diagnostica, 23. 39-49-Engelbrecht, W. (1980) Automated vocation-orientd test interpretation forthe use of vocational guidance at the Bundesanstalt ffir Arbeit (Federal Eri-

ployment Institute). German Journal of Psychology, 4. 74-82

" Keywords: Individual Differences

Mental ResourcesPersonnel Selection

Englund, C.E. Telephone: (1) 619-225-7393Naval Health Research Center

P.O. Box 85122San Diego. California 92138United States of America

e Performance Measures: Unified tri-service PAB. physiological and work/exercise physiology measuresto assess cognitive, fatigue, ECG, ulnonary and mood changes as a function

of sustained work without sleep in thermo stress enviromnents

* Normative Data Base: Not yet

" Test Validation: Yes, ce Perez W. et al.. (1987). Unified Tri-Service Cognitive Perfor-

mance Assessment Battery: Review and Methodology AAMRL-TR-87-007.AAMRL, Dayton, Ohio

" Testing Protocol: Alternating sleep/sleep deprivation and work schedules are used.

• Test Equipment: Complete psychophysiology lab with MINC, Microvax. and Zenith 150 (ont-

puters. Will add another treadmill, EEG, and l)erI)heral equipment as

money permits

" Theoretical Background: Perez, W. et al. (1987). Unified T-i-Service Cognitive Performance Assess-

ment Battery: Review and Methodology. AAMRL-TR-87-007. AAMRL.

Dayton. Ohio

" Relevant Publications: -Englund, C.E. (1978). The diurnal functiov- of reading rate. comprehension.

and efficiency. Chronobiologica. VI, 2. 1979, and in Proceedings. XIV ilnter-national Conference of ,he International Society for Chronobiology, Hanover.Germany, 8-12 July 1979. (Navel Health Research Center TR 79-28: AD#A 118-118)-Englund. C.E. et al. (1981). The effects of moderate physical work on

chronopsychological variables during sustained operations. In E. Haus andH. Kabat (Eds.), Chronobiology, 1982-1983, (p. 192-199). Basel. Switzer-

land; New York: S. Karger-Naitoh, P. et al. (1983). Altered circadian periodicities in oral temperatureand mood in men on an 18-hour work-rest cycle during a nuclear submarine

patrol. International Journal of Chronobiology 8:149-172. (Navel Health Re-

search Center TR 81-8; AD# A102-590)-Englund, C.E. et al. (1984). Cognitive performance during successive sus-tained operations. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers

17(1), 75-85. (Naval Health Research Center Tr 84-31, AD# A148-061)

-Ryman, D.H. et al. (1985) Decrements in logical reasoning performance un-der conditions of sleep loss and exercise: The factor of sentence complexity.Journal of Perceptual Motor Skills. 16, 1179-1188 (Naval Health ResearchCenter Rep. No. TR 85-20, AD#)

" Keywords: Normative performance measuresPerformance

Physio. Perform. Meas.

Stressor effectsWorkload

Erickson, J.B.(see Gabriel, page 34)

26

Erke, H. Telephone:(49) 531 3912547Tbemmler, K.Sonnentag, S.

Department of Applied PsychologyTechnische Universitat BraunschweigSpielmannstrase 11D-3300 BraunschweigWest Germany

* Performance Measures: Car and truck driver behavior is studied through the use of different spectsof performance, including qualitative aspect, behavior in critical situations.and handling of conflicts.

* Normative Data Base: No

e Test Validation: There has been validation of traffic conflict techniques.

* Testing Protocol: No tests

* Test Equipment: No information supplied

9 Theoretical Background: No information supplied

9 Relevant Publications: No publications supplied

* Keywords: Environmental stressorsPerformanceResponse competitionRisk takingTask analysis

Ertel, S. (See Liier, page 66)

Extra, J. Telephone: (31)30-534771(31)30-534781

State University UtrechtVakgroep Sociale En Organisatie PsychologieHeidelberglaan 13584 CS UtrechtThe Netherlands

" Performance Measures: Reaction time and writing ability are measured to ensure credibility of bogusfeedback on own and other's performance scores to subjects. Investigationof how own and other's scores affect subject's performance and subject's'sratings of other performance

" Normative Data Base: No information supplied

" Test Validation: No information supplied

" Testing Protocol: Fake tests are used.

" Test Equipment: No standard equipment is used

" Theoretical Background: Social comparison and judgement theories, level of aspiration theory

" Relevant Publications: -Extra, J. (1983). Machtafstandreductie en Sociale vergelyking. Disserta-tion, Utrecht University-Extra, J. & Huybregts, G. (1983). Prestatieverandering door socialevergelyking. Nederlands Tydschrift voorde Psychologie, 38,445-451

27

e Keywords: PerformanceTheoretical models

Eynatten, F.M. van Telephone:(31)80-572702(31)80-512639

Catholic University N tmegenDept. of Organizational PsychologyP.O. Box 9104Montessorilaan 36500 HE NkmegenThe Netherlands

* Performance Measures: Room for manuever, regulation capacity, and steering capacity are used as

indicators for quality of work and organization.

* Normative Data Base: No- absolute norms are neither appropriate nor possible.

9 Test Validation: Yes- for Socio-Technical Task Analysis. where N=445

* Testing Protocol: Individual questionnaires, observation lists, and interview schemes are ad-ministered by way of the System Analysis (SA). Socio-Technical ProcessAnalysis (STPA), and the Socio-Technical Task Analysis (STTA).

* Test Equipment: Currently, written questionnaires are being used. Future plans include au-tomating the test administration

e Theoretical Background: Approach to Flexible Productive Systems (AFPS), AFPS design philosophy(allocation of system functions), and methodology= system thinking/theoryof practice

* Relevant Publications: -Eknatten, F.M. van (1985) STTA, naar een nieuw werkstruc-tureringsparadigma. N'megen: Katholieke Universiteit. druk: NederlandsePhilips Bedrven, B.V., Eindhoven, proefschrift-E tnatten, F.M. van, & Otten. J.H.M.. 1986, (in press) Contributions toautomation processes form the perspective of a changing Work structuringParadigm. Proceedings of the Second West-European Conference on the Psy-chology of Work and Organization, Aachen. West Germany-Hertog, J.F. den, & E~natten, F.M. van, (1982). Practical paradigms forjob design strategy. In: Kelly, J.E. & Clegg, C.W. (Eds.). Autonomy andcontrol at the work place: contexts for job redesign. London: Croon Helm-E'natten, F.M. van, et al. (1986). Grenzen voor produktiecellen: ervarin-gen met het formeren van pseudo-autonome groepen in een truckeindassem-blagefabriek. Nyrmegen: KWO-Onderzoeks-en Adviesgroep. Paper rour dekonferenlie Technologie. Arbeid en Economies te Maaetrieht 24 Oktober

-Ey'natten, F.M. van (1984). Flexibele Produktie-Automatisering (FPA) ende gevolgen voor de kwaliteit van arbeid. In: Computable, Supplement. 7December, pp. 7-8

* Keywords: Decision makingTask analysisTheoretical modelsWorkload

Fadden, D.M. Telephone number not suppliedBraune, R.J.Wledemann, J.Kelly, B.D.

Boeing Commercial Airplane Co.P.O. Box 3707Seattle, WA. 98124-2207United States of America

e Performance Measures: The greatest reliance is placed on subjective measures, given in a structuredenvironment with supporting performance or physiological measures. Track-ing tasks are used if compatible with procedures. The purpose is to checkvalidity of subjective measures

28

* Normative Data Base: Not usually. Tests are designed as comparative evaluations

" Test Validation: There have been many and various validations, due to the redundancy in thetest data.

" Testing Protocol: Structured test design is used, including detailed data collection plan. Sub-ject has controlled opp-'tunity for free-form comnents.

* Test Equipment: Airplane simulators or actual production airplanes

" Theoretical Background: Various backgrounds due to wide range of studies

" Relevant Publications: See various SAE and AIAA conference proceedings

e Keywords: Individual differences Theoretical modelsPerformance WorkloadPhysio. Perform. Meas.Selective attentionTask analysis

Fahrenberg, J. Telephone: (49) 761 2034255Myrtek, M.

Forschungsgruppe PsychophysiologiePsychologisches InstitutUniversitit Freiburg i. Br.Belfortstralle 20D-7800 FreiburgWest Germany

* Performance Measures: Number recognition (tracking paradigm individually adapted in speed) andmental arithmetic (under conditions of noise) are used for basic researchin psychophysiological relationships, stress-strain processes, and personalityresearch.

e Normative Data Base: No database is available.

e Test Validation: See "Publications"

e Testing Protocol: See "Publications"

@ Test Equipment: PC Commodore Amiga 1000, laboratory computer HP 1000,185 specific soft-ware and software packages suited for beat-to-beat analyses of cardiovascularrecordings

@ Theoretical Background: Differential psychophysiology. Assessment of stimulus-and individual specificresponse patterns. Laboratory field predictability and generalizabi!ity ofindividual differences in activation processes.

e Relevant Publications: -Fahrenberg, J. et a. (1979) Psychophysiologische Aktivierungforschung.Miichen: Minerva-Fahrenberg, 5. et al. (1984) Psychophysiologisce Aktivierungsforschung imLabor-Feld-Vergleich. Miinchen: Minerva-See also Psychophysiology

# Keywords: Individual DifferencesPersonality FactorsStressor Effects

Falckenberg, B. Telephone: (49) 8141 9621Hansen, H.D. Ext 259 or 6541

German Air Force Institute of Aerospace MedicineVI - Aviation Psychology - Postfach 1264 / KFLD-8080 FiirstenfeldbruckWest Germany

29

" Performance Measures: Paper-pencil tests are used for assessment of intelligence, memory, concen-tration, & personality traits. Simulator-based tests are used for assessmentof sensorymotor skills, coordination. & capacity for complex workload. Ap-paratus tests include: ERT (Entscheidungs Reaktions Test): decision mak-ing/reaction, VWT (Visueller Wabrnehmungs Test): visual memory. DTG

(Determinationsgeriit): concentration, and DLT (Dichotic Listening Test):division of attention

" Normative Data Base: Database consists of about 1000 aircrew personnel per year, and is stored on

Tektronix and IBM with BASIC software.

" Test Validation: Long-term validation; data collection in progress. Various validation studies

by HANSEN. 1986

" Testing Protocol: Paper-pencil tests are used and scored manually. Complex simulation testsuse standardized and automated (audio cassettes) instructions, supervisedtraining sessions, automated testphase, and computer-based scoring.

" Test Equipment: Tektronix computers, using BASIC are currently in use. High capacity so-phisticated hardware may be used in future.

" Theoretical Background: Paper-pencil tests are self-explanatory. Simulator-based tests are simulations

of cockpit-specific tasks and workload.

" Relevant Publications: No publications supplied

" Keywords: Decision Making PerformanceDivided Attention Personnel Selection

Focused Attention Risk TakingIndividual Differences Selective Attention

Mental Resources Stressor EffectsNorm. Perform. Meas. Workload

Farmer, E. Telephone: (44) 252-24461 Ext 4366

RAF Institute of Aviation MedicineFlight Skills SectionFarnboroughHants GUI4 6SZUnited Kingdom

" Performance Measures: Serial RT, verbal reasoning (Baddeley), manikin task. tracking (various),

vigilance, addition, letter transformation, memory search. articulatory andspatial suppression, & peripheral detection are used to study the effects ofenvironmental stressors and dual task performance.

• Normatil Data Ln.:c: AG

" Test Validation: Some tests correlated with flying performance.

" Testing Protocol: Typically within-Ss design (with tests for possible asymmetric transfer ef-fects); I practice session; battery of 3-5 tests (total duration 1-1.5 hrs)

" Test Equipment: Apple II, IBM PC (plus compatible). Basic/ l'ascal/Asscmbler

" Theoretical Background: Working memory

" Relevant Publications: -Farmer and Bendix (1982), Perceptual Fl Motor Skills

-Farmer, Hunter and Belyavin (1984). Perceptual & Motor Skills-Farmer & Greei (1985), Report of the 16th Conference of WEAAP-Farmer, Berman & Fletcher (1986), Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psy-chology

" Keywords: Divided attention Personality factors

Environmental stressors Selective attentionFocused attention Task competitionIndividual differences Theoretical models

Mental resources Workload

30

Fehler, F. Telephone number not supplied

Aviation Psychological ServiceGerman Army AviationFlugplatz

D-3062 BiickeburgWest Germany

* Performance Measures: UH-ID Simulator (screening). Various apparatus tests for pilot preselection,ATC controller selection, psychol. training (speed of perception, distributionof attention, psycho-motor performance); also, various paper-pencil tests(IST-70, CFT-3, LGT, WFT, KBT, labyrinth) for pilot preselection, ATCselection

* Normative Data Base: UH-ID: N = 300 app/paper-pencil tests: several thousand subjects (details

BMVg P114); no computer available

" Test Validation: Published by Federal Armed Forces Psychological Service (BMVg P114)

" Testing Protocol: Individual testing by test assistant; UH-ID-Simulator: leaming probe, onehour/day, four days, instruction and observation by instructor pilots

" Test Equipment: No information supplied

" Theoretical Background: No information supplied

" Relevant Publications: See list of annual publications by German MoD-P114

" Keywords: Decision making Personnel selectionDivided attention Risk takingFocused attention Selective attentionEnvironmental stressors Stressor effectsIndividual differences Task analysis

Mental resources WorkloadNormative performance measures

Flier, H. van der Telephone: (31)30-359111Schoonman, W.Pouw, E.

Nederlandse Spoorwegen, gebouw OverborchMobeelsepark 13511 EP UtrechtThe Netherlands

" Performance Measures: Reaction times, total correct/error, detection rate and false alarms. & elec-trodermal responses are used for personnel selection

" Normative Data Base: Yes-data from more than 100 driver's function applicants is available at itemlevel. For large groups total correct/ error is available. (in SAS)

" Test Validation: Validation of the DTG test has been done with performance data fromengine-drivers in their real-life jobs

" Testing Protocol: Three tests are used: the DTG, a nine-alternative choice reaction time test,

the VDA, a signal detection test, & the EDA, a habituation speed test

" Test Equipment: Apple lie computers, ZAK I/O equipment, and Intertest programs

" Theoretical Background: Experimental psychology

" Relevant Publications: -Warm, J.S. (Ed.) (1984) Sustained attention in human performance. JohnWiley & Sons., Cincinnati-Crider, A. & Augenbraun, C.B. (1975) Auditory Vigilance Correlates ofElectrodermal Response Habituation Speed. Psychophysiology. 12.

" Keywords: Divided attention RG,ponse competition

Focused attention WorkloadIndividual differences

Mental resourcesPersonnel selection

31

Floru, R. Telephone: 83.51.07.75Call, F.

INRSAvenue de Bourgogne

54501 Vandoeuvre CedexFrance

" Performance Measures: Speed and accuracy in data-entry tasks and vigilance tasks for assessingthe workload of data-entry operators and measuring the effects of comtinedstressors on performance and physiological indices

" Normative Data Base: No

" Test Validation: No

" Testing Protocol: Separate familiarization. training, and experimental sessions

" Test Equipment: HP 2647 A and HP9000

" Theoretical Background: Psychophysiological theories of activation

" Relevant Publications: -Ergonomics. 1985. 28. 1455-1468

" Keywords: Environmental stressors

Focused attentionMental resourceSelective attentionWorkload

Folgering, H. (See Hermaarden, page 47)

Forshaw, S. Telephone number not suppliedAbel, S.

DCIEM1133 Sheppard Ave. WestP.O. Box 2000Downsview. Ontario M3M 3B9Canada

" Performance Measures: Ahility to umderstatd speech in operational environments by individuals withI

various degrees of hearing disability

" Normative Data Base: A normative data base is generated as part of the study.

" Test Validation: Results are bench-lnarked against aircrew with operational experience.

" Testing Protocol: Psychoacoustic test, auditory memory recall, speech intelligibility tests. and

hearing measurement scales

" Test Equipment: No information supplied

" Theoretical Background: Various acoustic. audiologic. and psychoacoustic literature

" Relevant Publications: See acoustic, audiologic and psychoacoustic literature

" Keywords: Performance

32

Fowler, B. Telephone: (1) 416-736-5132 Ext 7319York University4700 Keele St.

Downsview, Ontario, M3J IP3Canada

Porlier, J.A.G. Telephone: (1) 416-635-2023DCIEM1133 Sheppard Ave. WestP.O. Box 2000

Downsview, Ontario M3M 3B9Canada

e Performance Measures: Measures include perceptual, memory, and reaction time measures, as wellas event-related potential, P300. These measures are used to uncover how

certain stressors influence skilled performance so that theoretical models carbe developed.

* Normative Data Base: No

" Test Validation: The experimental method constitutes the validation process.

" Testing Protocol: The stressor is compared to a control condition.

" Test Equipment: Masscomp 5600, LSI 11/73, PDP 11/04

" Theoretical Background: Information processing model of skilled performance

" Relevant Publications: -Fowler. B. & Ackles, K.N. (1975). The effect of hyperbaric air on long-term memory organization and recall. Aviation Space and EnvironmentalMedicine, 46, 655-659

-Fowler. B. et al. (1985). The effects of inert gas narcosis on behavior-a

critical review. Undersea Biomedical Research. 12, 369-402

-Fowler, B- et al, (in press). A direct estimate of the threshold for hypoxiaeffects on perceptual-motor performance. Human Factors-Fowler, B. et al. (1980). Narcotic effects of nitrous oxide and compressed air

memory and auditory perception. Undersea Biomedical Research, 7. 35-46-Fowler, B. et al. (1982). The effects of hypoy a on serial response time.Ergonomics, 25,189-201

" Keywords: Environmental stressors

PerformanceStressor effects

Theoretical modelsWorkload

Fracker, M.L. (See Wilson, page 112)

Frauenfelder, U. (See Dykstra, page 22)

Frllch, W. Telephone: (49) 6131 392250Vossel, G.

Johannes Gutenberg- UniversitatDept. of PsychologyGeneral Psychology, Psychophysiology and Human FactorsSaarstrasse 21/Staudingerweg 9

D-6500 Mainz IWest Germany

" Performance Measures: Reaction time and accuracy measures investigation of controlled versus au-

tomatized display search under different load conditions (task speed. dif-ficulty. secondary task) in order to assess (individual) capacity levels and

allocations in attention anti performance

" Normative Data Base; No

33

" Test Validation: Siniulat ioij of reading instruments on a console, as in complex mian-mnachinesystems and/or supervision tasks (Radar, Sonar); show face validity byv wayof display.

* Testing Protocol: Visual display, earphones: computerized task presetntation aiie compuiiterizedlstorage of performance data

" Test Equipment: ELTEC EUROGOM 1I, combined with especially developed display and IBM1XT (more information; see piiblirat ions)

* Theoretical Background: Stiiffrin &t Schneider: two process theory of attention: Navoii &- Gophernioiel of multiple resources

* Relevant Publications: -Zimmner. B.. Vossel. G. &t Friilicli. W.D. (1986). Delerininaniteni dlec isa-bilitiit: Autoniatiselie Verarbeitungsprozesse mid .Aufitierksanikeitskapazitaiibei dec Disphay-Absuche. W1ehrpsychologischc I slersich angen. 21 (2). 73-152

" Keywords: Divided attentlion Work)load4Focasied attentionIndividual differencesPerformancePhysio. Perfoem. Meas.

Funke, J. Telephone: (49) 228 551University of BonnPsychological InstituteDept. of General PsychologyRdnierstrasse t64D-5300 Bonn 1West Germany

* Performance iMeasures: Computer sittulate,] scenarios in which subjects can mnipulat e exonouiis Jivariables atid see the effects of t heir niteviit iiis iy vnogenoil s caciatilcStates are used to measure the quality of sys"tei idenit iicain und i ys iiicointroli.

* Normative Data Base: No

* Test Validation: In proigress

* Testir-; Protocol: Systemis are comnput er-ehistilaved scenarios' wit): which subjets can interact.

* Test Equipment: I Bf-ciirnpiattible PiC: general programi fir dasta picesent ation: ansd regist rati:list of scenarios is described in Fiunlo- et al.. I 9861

* Theoretical Background: Tbeiiries of dlecisiiin tns~uig under unicert ainty atti of) the diveloiptment ol-intal modi'els" thrcoughi learning tiy idiing

* Relevant Publications: -Fiinke. J1. (1985), Stenering ihyianiischec Systene dtreli Aulfhu mid All-wendiing suhichtie Kansal ioihelle. Zeilsek rift file l's qholsgtc. 193. 435-157.-Ititkv. J1., Fatuineiitcuck. G . At Muller. HI. (1986). Eiii (onuterpirgraininzur Siiniilst iii it tisnisrler syst tine. Ber:): li Iais dci: i'sychsilogiseen IIIsltit it der I niversil ut Boiii. Bats) 12. IHeft ..

* Keywords: Decision making

Task analy.iriTheoretical mnodcfti

Funke, U. (See Schiller. page '12)

Gabriel, R.F. Telephiite tniuimbec tnit supliediErickson, J.Stone, G.

34

Human Factors EngineeringDept. E 21, Mail Station 35-36Douglas Aircraft Co.3855 Lakewood Blvd.Long Beach, California 90846United States of America

* Performance Measures: Time, errors, RMS tracking, tracking reversal, subjective scales, secondarytasks, and physiological measures (EEG, EKG, blood volume, etc.) are usedfor a wide variety of research.

* Normative Data Base: A data base is used for time. motion, and workload studies, a- well as foranthropometry data, which is used for workplace layout.

" "est Validation: Some validation has been done by comparing sinmulator test data with actualflight performance data.

" Testing Protocol: A wide variety of protocols is used.

* Test Equipment: Basic psychological and physiological equipment is used. In addition, full-andpart-task simulators are used.

* Theoretical Background: Limited channel capacity is used for workload, negative panic is used forpassenger evacuation data, pin joints for anthropometry, and time requireddivided by time available is used for various tests.

" Relevant Publications: -Biferno, M.A. & Bigham, T.R. (1982) Speech- Related Potentials Elicitedby Synthetic Speech Stimuli. Psychophysiology, 19, 306-307-Erickson, I.B. & Mas, G.E. (1980) Development and Evaluation of a Pro-totype Engine Monitoring and Display System. D.C. Flight Approach, 36.December-Summers, L.G. & Miller. 1.I., (1983) Primary Flight Display: A Step Be-yond EADI'S. SAE paper No. 831533, SAE Aerospace Congress and Expo-sition. Long Beach. California. October

" Keywords: Decision making Physio. Perform. Mess.Divided Attention Response CompetitionFocused Attention Selective AttentionIndividual Differences Stressor EffectsMental Resources Task Comp'titionPerformance Workload

Gaillard, A. (See Boer, page 7)

Galen, G. van (See Thomassen, page 102)

Gallhofer, I.N. Telephone: (31)20-236354St.v. SociometrischOnderzoek SSO/SRFBlauwburgwal 201015 AT AmsterdamThe Netherlands

" Performance Measures: Prediction of use of decision rules for the detection of political decisions

" Normative Data Base: 250 cases m,, political decisions in micro-computer, as well as the results ofthe validation study

* Test Validation: Validation of prediction of political decisions by a sample of the Dutch pop-ulation via a fully automatic interview procedure

* Testing Protocol: Verbal protocols

* Test Equipment: Tele-interview system

* Theoretical Background: Decision theory as developed by psychologists and statisticians

35

" Relevant Publications: - aillofer. I.N., et al.(19Sf,). T[he Einpirical Decision Analysis l'rocedlire.IN: (alhoter. et at. (eds.) Different Test Arialyin Proerrlu( for tlit Studyof Dec 1iior nking. Siff

" Keywords: Dcision making

Individual differenices,

Geer, C. (See Hebenstreit. page 141

Genon, J. Telephone nornber not spl(ent re Mledical Force NkerietineQiuart ier f/nj Albert let

Rov de lit Fiisee. 7t011311 EveneBeligitiit

*Performance Measures: l',Vllllioti ncoil~es (carli lilt itl . Itidked at teit ion. to1t or efljetsvi &-general aptittide si-ores ( logical reilsonilg. tiieiiolrv. j;,(t ll ti.(l ttlti

* Normative Data Base: A dat a Itasc is e irrltit bv eing foiitvdet

" Test Validation: Ye,- leriiiaietit vailatio oh lrtogli agreeloit ilith tilighit oiiat~o touffbdhalk

" Testing Protocol: (jrnp qpilstitllttaires lo11 itivlislal tests (if a Ilsyl tottattor am)llll 1VI

tatolre andl ioterviv"-s

" Test Equipment: I-v~seltistrlltnettt I lrlliiatillt ,1,lalvczi It lt I) p iiwrrocolilttiite. Kw,-

rlt I'tSl SGt/ S ' stltit KOS. [)l-ulrillatior' lorat JI (; nO i -itoc

.- DD)S/,ysteii) tIakkett l'iear

" TheoreticPl Background: Existetia atild ,:Yli;llli(. p srriitligr

" Relevant Publications: No publications1 stipplliell

" Keywords: Leri,oon lltakirtg I': rmoon I ,I/i ('tiw

Uil'ideed aitith"7i E: upiis 1 i/ ii

En lvironmehlitll sI rt,sors [Dusk takangI-i, sd alt:-ntiel 5-t tl tttt,tInidividuial differenreu >tno fftctt,,%tent at rrsoirct.s Task i ay

Norrnatlt-e pc-forin. rauorlJ'ask -niint it it

P'lrforrinsec flior, Itoat ,,io, 1,

Ptcrsllnahlti ftil flrs 11lrkli,lilt

Gevlns, A.S. llleltllt: (1) 115-6,2131Morgan, N.H.Greer, D.[Iles. J.Breter, S.L.

EGSystenis LabllratorY

I1855 lolsorl St.Sain Francisco. (CA. 941t3United Stales lof Atiterva

e Performance Measures: Efl;, N i Ieaisllres are iied for p rvel o ily ertortiiti 1/t' q;;t' "V., f rbail'l ioallat nlY.

* Normative Data Base: NotrIlatv atsta is clllect edI lit a t'-N IN opc1 ittig1s , l

" Test Validation: lVeo -withI ltlltlcl dat a trlplicali alll im, l atl 1lllttltial 'lilta

* Testing Protocol: I uttptiter-cotttrlllell tasks (l, v(clol)l(l iti otir all

3o,

* Test Equipment: UNIX software

. Theoretical Background: The brain produces behavior. D~etails are too compilex to describe here.

* Relevant Publications: -Science. 30 Jan 87. vol 235. 580-585

* Keywords: Decision making Performance

Divided attention WorkloadFocused attention Selective attentionIndimrdual differences Stressor effectsMental resources Task competitionNormative performance meaisure~s

Phyojo. Perform. Meas.

Gier, ... (see O'Hanilon . page 78)

Cillard, M. (See Hlyacinthe. page 51)

Gilliland, K. Telephone: ()105-325-4511U niversity of OklahomaDept. of PsychologyHuman Performance Research Laboratory

Norman. Oklahonma 73019United States of America

" Performance Measures: U SAF Criterion Task Set (Single and dusal task modesJ, lbrainstem:: and(. tor-tical evoked responise, and Subiject ive Workload Assessment Techniques arc

used to explore bsasic human pserformoance. as well as personality :-(1 indi-vidual differences effects. Drug and stressor "Iffects ott human performanceare also studied.

" Normative Data Base: A normiative data base is being comtpleted and will be reported to the Air

Force, where it will be made available.

" Test Validation: We are, Currently comnplet ing tire standardizatioti stuiidy for thle UT1S battery.

Other measures we utilize have beetn shown to he valid bv tire open literature.

" Testing Protocol: fiasic experimetital paradligmis with comnpiter dlrivetn task toattery (CTS)

" Test Equipment: C'ommnodore 64 microconiputer system is useid for CTS battery. but nay beevetntually replaced by an 1DM-PC compatible system.

" Theoretical Background: CTS-Multiple Resource atid Stage models of infortmationt processing. Drain-setrn Evoked Rlesponse- funtctional capacity of thre auditory pathway. nteuralcotnduction capability. atid reflectiott of arousal st ate

" Relevant Publications: -Gillilaiii. K. fet al- 11980). Differetnces in EE(, alpha initex between extro-

verts aiii initroverts. Psyrhoptiijslogy. 18. 156. abstract

-Blullock. W . et al. (1982). Effects of stimiuliis initeiisity and repet it itt rateoti braitist eii auditory evoked respotise and recovery rate of ittoiverts and

extroverts. Pi'ychophysiology. 19, 552-553. abstract-C illilatu. K. et al. (1984). Effect sf worklosad on the auditory evoked braitn-steti respoiise. Proreedinjgs of the Htuman Foe toris Society

-G il lilAtid, K. et al. (19861. Inidividiial idifferetnces iii Criterion Task Set tier-forittatce. Proceedings of the Human, Factors Soctcty-Schlegel . R. et al . (1986). Development of thle tCrtteriosi Task Set perfoir-mace data base. Proceedings of the Human factors Soi~cety

" Keywords: Individual difference~s Strcs.sor effectsMental resources WorkloadPerfornecPers4onality factors9Phymso. Prform. ti.

37

Giry, M. (See Hyacinthe. page 51)

Goeters, K.M. 'relepilioiti: (49)-411-5 130960Lorenz, B.Manzey, D.

DFVLRDep. of Aviatioi and Space Psychiology

Sportallee 54D-2000 Hamrburg 63West fierinany

9 Performance Measures: Knowledge tests (maultiple chioice). miental apt itudle tests (paper-liencil). reac-tion & psychomnotor coorinat ion t ests (apparatois) are usedI iin the select in

of pilots. ATC's and ast ronauits.

* Normative Data Base: Contains hundreds to thousands of applicants per year: database oil HP 1000.self-developed software

" Test Validation: Validation by correlation analysis and systemn validity

" Testing Protocol: Paper (paitrt ly crnptiuiter readable), aodi0-visual I earplines. slides). displayNs

and controls, coniputer p~resent ation (PC Type)

"Test Equipment: Currently self-deveopddt ingre olH 10 ;rlaoalaa

planned (H 930: add~ititonal: te(st present ation onl 1DM AT

" Theoretical Background: Demiand-oriet ie tests of aviation occupat ions

" Relevant Publications: -Goelers K.M. (1981): Ziir Taxonotinie felilerhaften Arlbeitens in psydilo-

gischeti Lcist utgstests. Zeilschrifl far Lttfferenlietle und Diaynslichc J'sy-

cholsgie 2, S. 237-251-Goeters K.M. (1983): Faktorielle iinderinigen ito Lernprozess: Das

Fleishvnan-Payailigmia a6s Art efaltbildiier? Zeilschrift fur Differentile andDiagnoslisehe Psycholsqie. 4. S. 3011-318

" Keywords: Divided attention

Focused attentionIndividual difference~s

Personality fatolrsPerssonnel scec.tion

Goud, A. Telephione: (31115-78360t7Mellaard, M.Postmes. ..Veldt, R. van der

TN) Itnst itutte of Mecloitiral EngitieerinigP.0. [lox 29. 26ittl AA

leeghwxaterst raal 5. Delft

Thel Netlierlaitis

" Performance Measures: Miastres ace ileriveid frit pirodutct ion goials anil procress cliaraciicis as

wAell is froni Itiitan rltarai t(crist ics ill order to arliive opt ilnitl it,( if irires"

c~uputitiaicrials. eneirgy. tatnd liuttian captacit ies ini lie process idttirt ,

" Normative Data Base: Pact if the ieastiri' of lierfiiriniitte is iec frit proiress cliaral it lis

anid priiilu ion goals. Th'le hiitn1att lnctilres of pei'ortslat' are' batseid oil

relevatit literatuire. cierklists, amnd expieriense of tlie itvst igatoi

* Test Validation: l'eillait

tnt tOlw validlation iif t lie reseat'cli inetlc It o bttaincil 11V -tttittti'ttt-of liritirtials tin tie results of cont ract-revsearclt.

" Testing Protocol: Scon-f~rittitred initerviews andI obiservationis. tas k atnalirds. ititirittatmoi anal-

ysis. pirocess aitalYsis, iloctiietit st tidies. atid statistical aitalrsis if qiatitia-ire dasta

" Test Equipment: 'Ilii ileveltpiititi if ati extpert -yst itti is Itettig rtittiitlei for t], ii italtti it,

lie ilesigit if iiat'itiailiti systiiis llilil ilrinisi itt tHie lttice- itil~tix

38

" Theoretical Background: General measurement and control theories, Ergonomics (Meister. Mc-Cormick, Sanders), Cognitive Psychology (Reynelds & Flagg). and Instruc-tional / Learning Psychology (van Parreren)

" Relevant Publications: -Goud. A. & Jaspers, B. (1987). Generating training specifications for a newmarine simulator. Marsim-Mellaard, M., et al. (1985) Methode voor Simulatorafweging. PT Proces.techniek-Postmes, J. & Kop, A. (1986) Analyse van Informatiestromen. PT Indus.triele Automatisering

* Keywords: Decision makingEnvironmental stressorsStressor effectsTask analysisWorkload

Greer, D. (See Gevins, page 35)

Greuter, M.A.M. Telephone number not suppliedUniversity of AmsterdamDept. of Organizational and Industrial PsychologyPsychologisch LaboratoriumWeesperplein 81018 XA AmsterdamThe Netherlands

* Performance Measures: Behavioral ot)servation scales are used to identify and operationalize criteriafor personnel selection.

* Normative Data Base: Norms are available for psy'hiat ric aides' jobs (-z" nursing) ad are beingprepared for social workers.

* Test Validation: Construct validation has teen achieved with n:ultimcthod assessnIent.

" Testing Protocol: Self-administered questionnaires are taken by job incumbants. supervisors.and colleagues.

* Test Equipment: None

* Theoretical Background: Criteria development: developing predictive Models for personnel selection:interactional psychology

" Relevant Publications: Several internal reports can be requested at this tine. Journal articles arein preparation.

" Keywords: Individual differencesPerformancePersonnel SelectionTheoreticat Models

Grlevink, E. (See Bruyn. de. page 11)

Griffin, M. Telephone: (44) 703 559122Institute of Sound and Vibration ResearchHuman Factors Research UnitThe University, Hightield. Southampton SO9 5NHITnited Kingdom

" Performance Measures: Tle effects of vibrations on: hllmnans are stll(tiet ::Sie:g tneassres which iclud(.visual performance (reading accuracy, reading tine, and contrast sensitivity).tracking performance (continuous and discrete with hand, ead, and eye).and a cognitive performance battery of 7 tests.

" Normative Data Base: No

39

" Test Validation: Measures of inter- ant itnt ra- subject variability

" Testing Protocol: Design and procedure (incultding practice and test duration) vary greatlybetween studlies

" Test Equipment: Various computers and internally developed software

" Theoretical Background: Not applicable

" Relevant Publications: -Griffin. et al. (1986). ISYVt Technical Report wniber 132-Moseley and Griffin (1986) Ergonomics-Lewis mtid Griffin (1978) Journal of Sound and ljbrtotun

" Keywords: Deei<n MakingEnvironmental StressorsIndividual Differences

Grind, W.A. van de Tclephtie (31 )20-56i65277University of AmisterdlamNeuroinfornuat leo Group. Medical PhlysicsA.M.. Meibergdreef 151105 AZ AutsterdaniThe Netherlands

*Performance Measures: Percepit ual abilities

* Normative Data Base: No

* Test Validation: No

* Testing Protocol: Psycitophysical tietliods

* Test Equipment: PDP 11, IB3M PC's, Apples. VAX graphic ierniinals. otical equiiient

" Theoretical Background: Physiological and psychoph).ieal thie s of perception (miainly vissiln

" Relevant Publications: -Grind. W.A. vati de. et al; (1986) Vision fRes. 26 (5). 797-810.-Krol & Gritnd, W.A. vats de: ( 1986) Vision Reut. 26 (?~). 1289-129S1.

" Keywords: Performance

Gruot, 0.3. Telephuonue: (31113-662275Tilbuurg IUniversityDept. of PsychologyP.O. Box 901535000 LE TilburgThe Nethierlanids

" Performance Measures: Psychoulogical tests for figitral-spatial abilities and cognit ive styles are lisu1

for futnumlatettal resewarch.

" Normative Data Base: Yes. itt relevanut test muui~als

" Test Validation: This type of test is frcu(Iiciitl l iseti ill appllieud setItungs. csttetiallY c SInc'ntuf techiiicianus auth pilot

" Testing Protocol: I 'tper. pencvil. lilti] video

" Test Equipment: I've movusem~ent rucordling appijuiat is. videiot usle. aih a coipuii systvii

" Theoretical Background: lilt ell1igeute il cougnit ive St Ic tories. in~ pact icular. fieldl ulepulwcis andl

tutheppteliC.

40

* Relevant Publications: -Wk1nen, J. & Groot, C. (1984) An eye movement analysis system (EMAS)for the identification of cognitive processes on figural tasks. Behavior Re-

search Methods, Instruments & Computers. 16 (3). 277-281-Groot, C. (1986). The interaction of cognition and motivation in perfor-mance on tests of field dependence-independence. In: S.E. Newstead. S.H.

Irvine & S.L. Dann (Eds) Human Assessment: Cognition and Motivation.

Dondrecht: Nylhoff

* Keywords: Divided attention Selective attentionFocused attention Task analysisIndvidual differencesMental resources

Personality factors

Groot, G. de (See Ingen Schenau, van, page 52)

Gros, E. Telephone: (49) 211 3114721

Mehnert, P.Institut fuir Arbeitsmedizin

Universitkt DusseldorfMoorenstrasse 5

D-4000 Diusseldorf I

West Germany

e Performance Measures: 4- and 5-choice reaction time tests, fatigue. concentration, and compensation

* Normative Data Base: In preparation

" Test Validation: Construct validity, surface validity, comparing performance measures withphysiological measures

. Testing Protocol: Analog / digital recording of reaction time and errors

" Test Equipment: Deterininationsgeriit Fa. ZAK DTG. PC. BMDP. SPSS. SAS

* Theoretical Background: Reaction time test performance as iiicator for vigilance, fatigue, subjec-tive stress resistance depending on endogenously and exogenously controlled

rhythmicity

" Relevant Publications: -Gros, E. & Mehnert, P. (1986). Methodical problems in research of perfor-mance changes as after-effects of noise. In: Schick. A., Hoge. H. & Lazarus.

G. (Eds), Contributions to Psychological Acoustics. Oldenburg: BIS (Biblio-

theks und Informationssystem der Universitit Oldenburg). 122-137

" Keywords: Environmental stressors Theoretical modelsIndividual differences

PerformancePersonality factorsStressor effects

Guillermain, H. (See Neboit, page 76)

Hancock, P.A. Telephone: (1) 213-743-2938University of Southern CaliforniaInstitute for Safety and Systems Management

Dept. of Safety Science and Human FactorsLos Angeles. CA 90089United States of America

• Performance Measures: Measurements of time estimation, reaction time, and error rate are used toassess primary task workload.

41

e Normative Data Base: Yes, there is a research data base using PC software and bard aid soft diskstorage.

e Test Validation: Yes, NASA TLX and SWAT validations. Time estimation and reaction timemeasurements are common.

e Testing Protocol: Computer-based tests and Subjective Workload Assessment

e Test Equipment: IBM PC XT 20 MB hard disk & peripherals are currently in use. Use of anIBM PC AT with 80 MB hard disk is planned.

* Theoretical Background: Stress/performance theory, also, theories from Yerkes/Dodson (1908).Hockey/Coles/ Gaillard (1986), and from Hancock/Chignell(1985)

e Relevant Publications: Sec NASA contractor listings

* Keywords: Decision making Personality factorsDivided attention Selective attentionIndividual differences Stressor effectsPerformance WorkloadNormative performance measuresTheoretical modelsPhysio. Perform. Meas.

Hansen, H.D. (see Falckenberg, page 28)

Hansen, I. Telephone: 02.40.30.30.The Norwegian Armed ForcesPsychological and Pilot Selection Educational CentreOslo Mil/akershus0015 Oslo 1Norway

e Performance Measures: Results from various tests are used in pilot selection. These tests include:general ability level tests, Ravens progressive matrices advanced form. num-ber series tests, technical comprehension and space orientation, surface devel-opment tests, figure pattern tests, figure form tests, block tests, simultaneouscapacity tests, sorting tests, reversal tests, number identification tests, in-strument comprehension tests, transfer of principals-confusion of direction

tests, mirror tracing tests, time estimation variability and blocks, flying in-formation tests, and defense mechanism tests.

* Normative Data Base: Not yet

" Test Validation: Contact J.L. Syversen at 1460 Norway

" Testing Protocol: No information supplied

" Test Equipment: ACSWG is validating the PORTA-BAT system (computer based test system)for use in national test batteries, based on a Fleishman task analysis

" Theoretical Background: No information supplied

" Relevant Publications: No publications supplied

* Keywords: Personality factorsPersonnel selectionTask analysis

Harris Sr., R.L. Telephone: (1) 804-865-4685Pope, A.T.

42

Crew/Vehicle Interface Research BranchFlight Management DivisionHuman Engineering Methods GroupMail Stop 152 EHampton, VA 23665-5225United States of America

" Performance Measures: Scan behavior, pupil diameter, auditory evoked potentials, heart rate, heartrate variability, eye blink responses, embedded auditory secondary tasks.SWAT, and NASA TLX are used to measure the strain response of testsubjects to the stress imposed by a particular flight task. These measureswill be used to infer what mental states (strain) the pilots are respondingwith to the flight tasks.

* Normative Data Base: Not yet

* Test Validation: Several comparisons have been made to SWAT rating scores.

" Testing Protocol: No information supplied

" Test Equipment: Fixed-base and motion flight simulators; Data is collected with DEC MINCand AT- based LABMASTER system.

* Theoretical Background: No information supplied

" Relevant Publications: -NASA TP 2525 (July 1986) Analytical Techniques of Pilot Scanning Be-havior and their application.

* Keywords: Mental resourcesPhysio. Perform. Meas.Workload

Haraveld, M. Royal Dutch Air ForceRoyal Dutch AFBehavioral Sciences DepartmentKoninklyke LuchtmachtAfd. Gedragsuetenschappen/DPKLUBinckhorstlaan 135 KR 2 K 122500 ES GravenhageThe Netherlands

P Performance Measures: intelligence tests, spatial ability tests, apparatus tests (hand - eye - feetcoordination), and reaction time/attention tests (DTG) are used for selectionpurposes.

* Normative Data Base: Selection data of approximately 4000 stored on a Siemens main frame withIBM TSO operating system and SPSS

* Test Validation: Not much. Only for pilots against single pass/fail criteria.

* Testing Protocol: Paper. pencils, and other apparatus

* Test Equipment: Obsolete apparatus is currently b(!ing used. New developments will includedigitalized flight simulators and computer based tests.

" Theoretical Background: Background is practical (selection), using psychological tests.

" Relevant Publications: No publications supplied

* Keywords: Divided attentionPersonality factorsPersonnel selectionSelective attention

Hartman, B.O. Telephone: 512-536-2811

,Inmmmmmmma mm • m~uusmnnunles hus mmIn i~ mmu muu m m M0n

43

USAF School of Aerospace MedicineBrooks AFB, Texas 78235United States of America

" Performance Measures: Goal is to target the superior fighter pilot, through use of an IntentionalTutor lraining system and Situational Awareness Training, which uses targetdetection, motion discrimination, recognition, and identification as measuresof performance.

" Normative Data Base: Not yet

" Test Validation: Not yet

* Testing Protocol: No information supplied

" Test Equipment: Al Enhanced intelligent trainer, PC environment, software is advancing fromBasic to Pascal to ADA

" Theoretical Background: No information supplied

" Relevant Publications: Currently in preparation

" Keywords: Divided attention Risk takingFocused attention Selective attentionIndividual differences Stressor effectsMental resources Theoretical modelsPerformance WorkloadDecision makingPhysio. Perform. Meas.

Hart, S.G. Telephone number not suppliedBennett, C.T.Shively, R.J.Battlste, V.Johnson, W.Bortolusal, M.

NASA-Ames Research CenterMS-239-3Moffett Field, CA 94035United States of America

" Performance Measures: % correct, # correct, points scored, RMS tracking error, and response timesare used for laboratory research. Control reversals, SD, RMS control activity,error response time, number discreet actions, errors, communications rate,and content are used for simulated and inflight research.

" Normative Data Base: No

" Test Validation: Results are compared to previous similar research results, theoretical predic-tions, subjective workload ratings, and physiological measures.

" Testing Protocol: It varies with the experiment

" Test Equipment: APPLE I1, IBM AT, DEC PRO 350, COMMODORE, DEC 11/70. E&SPS-Il, VAX, IRIS Graphic systems, DEC 11/44, DEC 11/34, (with RSXoperating systems), Analog recorders, and telemetered data

" Theoretical Background: This is dependent on the type o study. Some theories used include: Fitt'sLaw, Hick's Law, Multiple Resource Theory, Automaticity Theory, Produc-

tion Models, Marker Models. anti Optimal Control Models.

* Relevant Publications: Relevant information can be found in NASA r7 hnical Reports, Human Fac-tors Journal, AGARDographs, Applied Ergonomics. i- ,nomics SAE Tech-nical Publications, Aviation Space and Entironmental Mt,:'iine. and vari-ous Proceedings from Human Factors, Annual Manual. Awation Psychology.SAE, and IEEE.

44

* Keywords: Divided attention Selective attentionIndividual differences Task analysisMental resources Theoretical modelsPhysio. Perform. Meas. WorkloadResponse competition

Haufler (see Roth, page 85)

Hauke, G. Telephone: (49) 89 21058694TU Miinchen 21054203

Lehrstuhl fir PsychologieLothstrae 17D-8000 Mijnchen 2West Germany

* Performance Measures: Measures are used to assess perception of risks, especially in field settings andrelated judgemental tasks. The general subject is perception and judgementof risks in man-machine-systems

* Normative Data Base: No information supplied

* Test Validation: Construct-validation, criterion-validation

* Testing Protocol: Answer sheets with scales are used for structured interviews. Additionalanswers of free interview are tape-recorded.

" Test Equipment: No information supplied

* Theoretical Background: Descriptive models from the psychological theory of judgement and decision. aking.

* Relevant Publications: -Vlek & Stallen (1981)-Slovic et al. (1984)

* Keywords: Decision MakingRisk takingTask Analysis

Hebenstrelt, W.J. Telephone: (1) 206-251-4579Geer, C.W. (1) 206-773-5278

Boeing Aerospace Co.Man/Machine Systems TechnologyP.O. Box 3999, M/S 2K-58Seattle, Washington 98124United States of America

* Performance Measures: Time and errors are being predicted (for analysis and human performancereqLirements) and measured (for test and evaluation for validation of the de-sign) in accordance with MIL-H-46855. AFAMRL-TR-81-35, and new DOD-HDBK

* Normative Data Base: There are a few for time, e.g., t IR Data Store (see DOD-HDBK), but onlyone we would consider using for errors. It is a Boeing internal document.Other data is extremely suspect.

" Test Validation: Yes-see AFAMRL-TR-81-35, section 3.9.6

* Testing Protocol: In accordance with AFAMRL-TR-81-35, section 3.9.6 "Test and Evaluation"

* Test Equipment: The most cost-effective techniques for time and error evaluation are directcontinuous observation, interviews, questionnaires, video tapes. and onlineinteractive simulation.

45

" Theoretical Background: See AFAMRL-TR

" Relevant Publications: -AFAMRL-TR-81-35-DOD HDBK

* Keywords: Decision makingPerformancePersonnel selectionTask anallysisWorkload

Heernatra, M.L. Telephone: (31)20-5485029Free UniversityDept. of Psychology, Psychophysiology Div.De iBoelelaan 11151081 HV AmnsterdamnThe Netherlands4

" Performance Measures: Pupilloioetry. cardiovascular tests, evoked cortical potentials. as well asspeed, processing, and accuracy

" Normative Data Base: No

" Test Validation: Construct validlationl in the context of the efficiency model (Heemnstra.84.'85.'86)

" Testing Protocol: Computer-controlled and presenttedi visual and auditory lab tests

" Test Equipment: DEC LSI 11/23. OLIVETTI. TtTLIP AT. Whittaker Eve View Montoi~

* Theoretical Background: Efficieiicy Model (Heeinstra. 1986)

" Relevant Publications: -Heenistra. M.L. 1986. An Efficiency Model of Information Procesing. In:

fochen. tGailtard. Coles: Encrgco is and Humann Information Procs.wimq.

(NATO-ASI)

*Keywords: Divided attention Physis0. Perform. 'deus.

Environmental stre.ssrs Theoretical models

Focused attention Workload

Individual differences

~' ~ '~oit. age 76)

Hendrikx, A.J.P. Telephone: 131)1;3-(;62390Tilburg UniversityPost Box 901535000 LE TilburgThe Netherlands

" Performance Measures: Reaction and movement t irtie accuracy

" Normative Data Base: No

" Test Validation: No

" Testing Protocol: comnptter-controlletl displays

" Test Equipment: DEC PDP and VAX

" Theoretical Background: Human performance theory, human Information processing, and chronomnet-ric analysis

46

" Relevant Publications: -Hendrikx, A.J.P. (1986) Compatibility of precueing and of S-R mapping in

choice reactions. Acta Psychologica. 62, 1, 59-88-Hendrikx, A.J.P. (1986) Short-term Proactive Interference Revisited. Bul-letin of Psychonomic Society, 24, 5, 358-360

" Keywords: Divided attention Stressor effectsFocused attention Theoretical modelsMental resources WorkloadPerformanceSelective attention

Hendy, K.C. Telephone number not suppliedDCIEMP.O. Box 2000Downsview, Ontario M3M 3B9Canada

* Performance Measures: Network modeling - workload prediction, Subjective ratings (SWAT. NASABipolar)- workload measurement

@ Normative Data Base: No

" Test Validation: A large part of our program is aimed at validating these techniques. Thesubjective rating scales have been extensively validated.

* Testing Protocol: Subjective ratings are in accordance with detailed instructions from origina-tors of SWAT and NASA Bipolar scales.

" Test Equipment: Network modeling-IBM PC (compatible) with MicroSaint. Subjective rat-ings use IBM PC (compatible) with Pascal. Fortran. and C

" Theoretical Background: Time line analysis, attentional detand. magnitude estituation and multiperesources

" Relevant Publications: No publications supplied

* Keywords: Task analysisWorkload

Herberg, K.W. Telephone: (49)-221-83932053T/iV RheinlandPriifstelle fiir Medikamenteneinflisseauf Verkehrs- und Arbeitssicherheit (PMVA)Postfach 10 17 50D-5000 K61n IWest Germany

" Performance Measures: The Influence of mtedical drugs on traffic and work safety is evaluated interms of:- visual orientation

cotncentrat io perfornmancestress tolerance in reaction taskseye-hand coordinationvigilancereaction time to acoustic stinmulusresponse time in choice reaction task

" Normative Data Base: Results of 200 placebo studies; data base cotttinually supplemented

" Test Validation: Either by test authors or reported in literature

" Testing Protocol: Two test rooms, each with two test cubicles tests are computer adtministeredand monitored by an experimenter; tests are scheduled to exploit the psy-chodynamic characteristics of a test substance in multiple doses with specialattention to initial effects during the first day of treatment: composition ofsubject samples reflects the driving or working populat ion.

47

" Test Equipment: Based on the equipment used by the Dr. Schudified Company it: Austria(Vienna Test System). Z80 BASIC PSI. and CP/M

" Theoretical Background: Test philosophy based on the fact that many accidents are attributable to thleuse of medical drugs which impair driving or work performance; test batteryis constructed front well established tests. reflecting important componentsof work and driving

" Relevant Publications: -Kisser, R. and Wenninger, U. (1983): Computerunterstitztes; Testen iinRahmen der Fahreignungsdiagnostik. Arbeiten aus den Verkehrspsycholo-gischen Institut des Kuratoriums fur Verkehrsssichecheit. Wsien-Schuhfried, G. (1981): Signal- Detect ion, Ifandanweisung. Miidling

-Kisser, R. and Krafack. A. (1984): Test fulr Entscheidungs-und Reaktiol:-szeitniessung in: Kuratorisr ffur Vcrkehrschcrheit (Ed.): Die Verkehirspsy-chologisehen Verfahren im Rahtinen der Falhreignungsdiaguostik, Kleine Fach-buchreilie. Bd.21. Wien-Klehelsberg, D. (1960): Zwei nene Testgeraite - Beck-Appatat/Wietner De-tenninationsgeriit. Diagnostik. 6, (4). 164-166.-Kuratoriumn ffur Verkehrssicherheit (Ed.): Prograsniiibersiclit for AC TREACT Testsystem ART-90 ttnd Wiener Tesisystemn WTS-Wt.-Schneider. W. : Die Erstellung miediziniischi-psychiologischier Gutacliten in:TiiV-Rheinland.-Erdtnann. G_ and Janke, WV. (1979): MKSL (ak-7s-13ii-2ttk). Psychon-gisrhes Institut der Universitiit Diicseldorf. unveriiffentlirhites 4aistskript.Diisseldorf

" Keywords: Decision Waking Physia. Performn. Almas.Divided Attention lle~sponc CosmpetitionFscused Attention Risk Taking

Individual Differences Selcctivc Attcntj:,nPerformance Stressor EffctsPersonality Factor.,

Hermaarden, L. Telephone: (31)8895-5132501Foigering, H.Cox, N.

Cathiolic University of NybneyenDept. of PulmonologyDr. SpunjeklinietN~ineegselaan 316564 CA H. LandstiihtingThe Net herlands

*Performance Measures: Exercise Perforunce of CCII) patits

* Normative Data Base: No

" Test Validation: Yes, in the internationial scieutitic lit eraur inmisler exercise teist ing m: (I'11

* Testing Protocol: With a bicycle ergomneter

" Test Equipm'enatt Bicycle ergomevter, blood-gas analycec. awl a sVst en: lo auly cc Z expird air

" Theoretical Background: The exercise performntce of 11 )li patiits i., liitj ed twIheir plilinnr 'Probletms ill contrast to tiortitals. where exercise limoitation conies fl-nt: thecardin-vascular systetm.

" Reievant Pubiications: No p~iulications suippliedl

" Keywords: PerformancePers4onnel seclectionPhysio. Perform. Mfess.Workload

48

Hermans, P.H. Telephone: 131)20-5202224Veen, J.A.F. van der (31120-5202397Meyers, A.R.

Marine Keurings-en Selectiecentrum (MARKEURSEL)Afdeling Byzonder Psychologisch Onderzoek (BPO)Kattenburgerstraait 71018 JA AmsterdamThe Netherlands

" Performance Measures: Gopher selective attention task. pursuit rotor tracking task, divided atten-tion and signal detection, reaction time to signals fromt various sources,performance under time pressure and ambiguity, speed and accuracy in amonotonous task environment, and tie Taskomat are used for personnel se-lection.

" Normative Data Base: No information supplied

" Test Validation: Norms are based on samples varying in size from n=100 to n=200, arnd arestored on an IBM mainframe with SPSS. V'alidations are currently underwayusing pass-fail criteria.

" Testing Protocol: The tests are given by computer, paper andl pencil, or apiplied with app.ratus.

" Test Equipment: Hardware-oriented test-apparatus. An IBM PC will he user) in the futurefor implementing job-sample tests

"Theoretical Background: Ii~formation processing and stress research

" Relevant Publications: Internal military reports

" Keywords: Divided attention Personality factorsEn virsn mental stressors Personnel selection

Focused attention Selective attention

Individual differences Stressor effectsMdental resources Task comnpetition

Performasnce Wlorkload

Herpt, L.W.A. van Telephotne: 131)20-5252187University of AttisterlainInstitute of Phonetic Sciences

Hecengraclit 33810116 (CG AtmsterdamiThe Netherlands

" Performcance Measures: Perceptua i me rasures of voice and pronutiat ion quality are used ti dvc~loland validate a niaxinially reliatule and efficient itist riltoett for the descriptionof voice and prouiatimu quality.

" Normative Data Base: No itforimatiot siuppliedt

" Test Validation: Not current ly- t his is part of l ie project

" Testing Protocol: P'ercept mal judgemuets on 7-point scales, semti if fereniital

" Test Equipment: No itifrruatimu suppliedl

" Theoretical Background: Ibelating acoustic and percept Ia) rueasiretoniA

" Relevant Publications: P'roceedings of the Institute of Phonetic Srn sees. Atiterain fIlSSN) ioliid-ig:-Fagel, "'. ct al. 11983) Analysis of th lie rcept ual qualit ies of I)iit eak-

ers' voice artd pronoticiati iti Speech Comnmunication. 2. 315-326-a elde, J.f van d~e. (19181) Tr-ansit irral relationis betweeni p. rsotialit; CVe

andi jtdgements. r)issert at iroi. Gronintgeti

" Keywords: Indirvidurtl differencesPerformance

41)

Heslegrave, R.J. Telephorre: (1) 416-635-20413Angus, R.G. A ito ii: 8274 101 x204l3Pigeau, R.

DCIEMP.OBox 2000ljowrrsview. Ontario MJI31l'Cajiada

" Performance Measures: C'ognit ive tasks and srilrjet live ririgs. is weoil as physirrlogiral ireasrirvs ariItself to assess, chariges it: cognitive abrilities as a furicht iofi fantgiv. sleeploss. & stress.

" Normative Data Base: Yes. The data sartiples ifilitary/civiliaoi trale/ferale. Younrg/old srihje tsacrriss a irolber of lab~oratory exlieritiiitits. ',ist dlata i, iiiriliii eei )i

131: ITAI. systenis.

" Test Validation: Yes. All tie tarsks itilergi, iritertial vaia!utin ltring ill fixed] Jroto li extier-irrewis atiil are- validated l)i'v resuilts frnun iother fall. Prirtrariiv. Ole valiiat iouis a iitveisirr oif setisitivity to the stressor of initerest.

" Testing Protocol: SlbJr'it s riti oliioil ;erforrrr rienal woirk for 2-3 ilays aod 101-20 eliterutittalsks are repeatedlN altrrirrjstereul.

* Test Equipment: VAX 785

* Theoretical Background: Liitcdi capicity iirodub's. Ar iris1 anid activan ruin irodels. aini St ri aln

ciig rrituilis

" Relevant Publications: -1 Il-lgrave &- Atigiis. (1985) Be/itai-ur Iirsetirli Iffiliod,. int.,trinieW .Comrpatrr. 17,592-603

-Anigis k lieslaiv (1985) Hl/rs oeo n flfrn'hc .%1n so. l Irrs Croont-. PConuprtcr C. 17.55-67

" Keywords: Eritireuortrl sr-ors Pn rfounnranuiFo,irsd titrle,, i U-7 Rn qo o l ol'rpCtitirrirrdiridrtil r/rffn , t S'111. /n /urnnitn-rorl.Wcomtnl enruiriro Donor, tirrrl r , 1,.Yorrnrativc ;urrfoernrrcC ra.nrrsIiirklso I

H-eyden, M.K. van der Teloliourr (31171-273386(31)71-2711I

State 1'triversit Le'eill (3 U71-2733199(nit . Enlrirtirrrrl Suieriie

Stamt iritstler It)-I122:112 A K LeietTie Net Ilaral

" Performance Measures: lriesrri rirrrrrrr reir / r rerlrriurlletn i ii n'pelill" ald lvdmg(oII [) olll I i it, urrler Toad rlciIva Torirrr ablrrtt d1ii-

nlrerr wkit Ii leairig pilblerrr, ail urtiitri~ veiviiiw

* Normative Data Base: A\ ut-ru, luse is ill dvecli'nurrerit -H iuuirsIn , orr~f 2501 s-eon (il ;ill t hI . ;isiingItetles soft ware.

* Test Validation: Yes- with[ it er iln tlrrrrewrs iti liritraryi iitlriiatir. 1welmirg. artirarlmrg.anl wit

1i the silolrt is nrf 'J)lpl

* Testing Protncol: lrrniviirl test (rig muitlr ri t irinert iirr liweiiis. arr! Inelriatiur trliserst rtr

" Test Equipment: liftex ouftwskrc for rn-purr gerrerar iirrr Ar ixtrrt Sytvl IrT); hcr lii lle ill

" Theoretical Background: X iiv eeiuig

" Relevant Publications: -If(. wkll. MIK. vw: dvir 19SW6 .\iiip k kcii i-i v l%; r iii mcedfwtil kla' IIitri iilliii 1ii N I vk,l r I; I

f~i~.Lrp,,, Ii , Itui it ix-c: >,w I A Zii, i-Ile nAl:: NIl'. ;ill del & Il-I:, i.NI fi,~ lag:-tsWn

NiM 1 Neif ve1i lkl ill Span ptcille einiii attmkkit %,i/iiu . i

U:A 1. ivi- fifgia itil If Dilbiiilia iit, lotiib,ip C-a n L-~n

Zn' Tft iA/ itstheori,. 13:r!Y.

" Keywords: Pa: a ni a~ltnioInriidal iifr, ,nr

II r-ni lity fairtoirn

Hxiran, R. PS:[ran I. page 9)

Hindinarch. 1. 'Il-I:; me I:: 1 1- p322 13 171Bihatti, J.

Leeit-. \Nint Yark-linr 1-,G 911'

" P'erformaance Nleasures: I riic I-pu lker fuiisii: ihpshon:Ii :ieri: pr--;.u 2 ik.w

isef to: Iiiea.-:ie 111g :tfi:-i

" Nlormjative Data Base: NIproilniliilck 10 iilii:,1( pili-u pli-l-:~ I::

" Test V.alidatini~ : ft1ar1- ll.as tI-i-: oiiii Nalidal: oIii- p u Iii si

* Relevant Pubications: N uptuljial j::ill*-Iiju1ii11:1

If .i is: (.1 :1 a iti0i h w-\O 20iin

" TuestE qunipm, t I..d 1--iwi Duatupi ,I,: 11 21'all il -

" Toretica ackrud Hic-Im -j dj Alup:1 md 1,111,it2lli ,,

5!

Hooisma, J. Telephlone: (31) 15-138777TNO Medical Biological LaboratoryP.O. Box 45, Lange Kleiweg 1:372280 AA R51sw..'kThe Net lierlarids

*Performance Measures: Neirobehavioral Evaluation SNsi, ot hich is iiseil for (crevitinig (tral nvi-voiis sysleil effects of tletlrotoxic agenit., i tciceipalitd oltcalt

* Normative Data Base: No, yet

* Test Validation: 'list validal tis are inlpoges

" Testing Protocol: Tlests arc atiotwoatic atiti giveni via i IBM-PC ssstcin.

" Test Equipment: IBM-PC. IBM-XT. ttr cotila( poritale (olnpl ,, Stofttare i- availall It,those belonging To the NES uisers group

" Theoretical Background: Tle chice of tet wats a vied oii the expi-rittite withI a large iiliilie 4e~Tradlitional tests tl iteurtitoxienlugy Seiisit iv tcsts wtrerlvsei andt adapt tdfor tollilitter. Maux' of thy( test, canl aio lbc o.~i~ i" W"'M leaijtganizatiot test htatter. o itivitrotttxirologt.

* Relevant Publications: No Publications Soi;plied

" Keywords: E,'iiro a rnrtal stres-sorPerforaiancc:st rrf-.r fffrrl.s

H-outmans, M. (See l3riivt. dei. piage Ill

H-ulstyn. Wl. 5cTltttni,c. page, 1t02)

Hyacinthe, M.C. Tvlepiotii: 21.3)391.t2.03l.75.Giry, M.C.Gillard, M.C.lBugat. M.C.

EASSN / WE13IlA. Ste Anii-

lIP (ill831810 Toutlon N aval1'rat ce

*Performance Measures: lcactioi fitlip. CFF. &: Ignit i lItA (slid), ;is lictrtl iulult ti.ioll i

c o itols

* Normative Data Base: N o

e Test Validation:N

o Testing Protocol: lati~ tiiil st alit gis i livntitl Ivit ill 1,j - lk ;oIll -Iotlilvol tIll(. Sitilli TI t

e Test Equipment: Nilortdrtliiatiill IAL X. It Vi if llll ltilti

- Theoretical Background: \triallottot liur d tilcatro Hliilt 11AI 1sNriltl ti ti tl Ig-

*Relevant Publications: -ilugal. l?. i134) Et,ile ;e~yelologiqia ,.xlerinelltal., Ilvs plooi, ao - io,

(le Ia plunge. Lnt cx IIll Ilaliport I ElIM/6-N 1/2 s1-22- I its-Nligat I?. (1985) Valriation (les piossls pIll-ll iisirili 1-1 o1Slti q

plonge. Travniii srieniiqiie, SSA-N 1/2 6-1985. Ilp. 128i-Biigat. R. (1986) Sivi psviciologiquie 11 11llqiic (le' plohlicirs ;ill -llidonlie plnge profonde eli Ilwdrognie. rniu -w iirsSAN/27- litst

e Keywords: Environrnental stressor,

lndo'jdnial differererfAfental re,urc,PerforrnanctPvrsoinality factors

fIles, J. (See (;evins. page :35)

Ingen Schenau, G.J. van Telephonie: (311j20-5-lsi271Groot, G. DeHollander, A.P.

lFri UiiiVrit Vlitterfaculty of PhY-ieal Edlucat ion

P.O. Box 71611007 %I( AlisteialiThe Net herlandls

o Performance Measures: Ilectaieal outpoit / Ilirlo-illititt lii oiaxinial oiliiiixl-'iiiiii,

e Normative Data Base: 'i t;iia,1111S il pllioilog) ooltrll-

e Test Validation: t liiiilari ph.%.iologl 1-1

& Testing Protocol: ltii-ele a11,1 ilielhliii. lgiillietrV liln. liliijl il, ll ilr*vtcnills]] (s,isel anlil slopv)

a Theoretical Background: Po%%er lalatietofl

e Relevant Publications: - (io. . le. et al. 11081)/W (osirisl f pit 1 ,,-2. 1:32-1 I-.-llolliiiilei. -X'. et ;, 11),0 Is,iirriil of .spsrl X ruwi, ; . 21-301.-WiiIi. IlAX. van 1 c t a]. (1986) Eryri ir .29. 15-1573

* Keywords: I'hijso. I' rfsroi. Afti,.

State 1 lliversit-N Lci,lcti

Sta iuoiii 12oia

23112 AK leIi:Th'le Net Iit laii,

*Performance Measures: Clriiiotol r11 101511115 (IC ll"s tillic allil klliti pillili I' lu oii

* Normative Data Base: NWt %.0

" Test Vaidation:To I11 thaitil 'en. lo-tsr- is~lpe hoirkil 1

53

" T1est Equipment: Fututre prtojects involve tie designi of tiiiiiter-as'o ilt jicti Vtesting eni-vironmietts. in which systents iuch as, (he Apple Macintosh auid IBM% PC/AT

or compatibles will he considered

" Theoretical Background: C'ompotnent -test ig thIeory (Ippel. 1 986a.1h in press)

" Relevant Publications: -Ippel, M.J. (1981). Generalizahility of per formoance scores on emtbedded fig-ires material, Educational and Psychological Ales surf rncnt. .11. m15-331

-Ippel, M. ( 1986a). 'otnponent-testing: A theory of rognitice, apt itude noa-surement. Amisterdam: Free University Press-IppeL M .J . ( 1986b) . Somne pritnciptals for th lie esign of cnnilionent ial Inca-sores. Paper presentedl at the AERA annual conferetnce in San Franicisco-lplpel. MlJ. ( 1986c). An iniformat ion processing approach t tiarils a truc'-I oral thieory of itent equivaletzce. lII S.E. Newst eati. SI11. I rvinie. & P'. Dannt(Eds.). Human As sessment: C'ognitton and Afoticotisri. Dordlrechit: KltierAcadlettic Publishers-Ippel. M.J. & Bveem. A.L. (1987). A t laorv of anitagotnist ic strt-iegies. ItIIE. de Corte. H. Lodew~ks. It. Pannetitier, & P. Slotn (Eds.). Learning atidInstruction. New York: Pergatnoti Press

-ippeL. M.J. (in press). Component-testing oof cogitiive apt it titlc. Ini P.Datnn & S.H. Irvine (Eds.). 'ornputer-iased huctan assessment. Test w(c

and construction. Dordrechit: M itwer Acadetnit Ptublisher,

" Keywords: Individual differen ceo

Trask utialgoisThpocclical model,,Wiorklod

Jackson, J. (See Moilder. G. page 7-1)

Jacobs, 1. Tv)le;,ie: I1) 416f-6i35-0

00tDefetise &- Oitil Itistituite- if lI oitetial MdeiicitieExercise Physiotlogy G riiipP.1 lb 200011Dowtisview. Ottario %13\1 31119Canada

" Performance Measures: %Itvasurtes of lstokitictic, istinert ial andi i-iitctm ri'ttisiiilar ticigth acit-rti(lower. etoliiraite captacit. iiaxitiial arolit polvel. ad (ott Ce arte Iisd lo

(piant ifv select ive fuel ui,: A It skoletiil muiscle- to pierfotrm work in votriou,

entvironmenlt-lts.

* Normative Data Base: Nio infotrton upipolilied

" Test Validation: Noi inifotrmiatio suipii

a Testing Protocol: (vie it- rgtoiictcrs. trt-itliiills. and oth I e -tci--siinii

" Test Equipment: I artliois. %litiark. kf C ollints t yt-lcs. Qiitoii I rvdoilkl. \cllo%% Sptgilauitomtic itn~iialYM-r (for laOttt). Anit ttiiliitri cixc-i- sssttn. (ftor-tren1gth Itestitig). Setistitit-los Mttvlabljf I its liii tixteiti (011titolii i

" Theoretical Background: Ste, publlicatiotns

" Relevant Publications: -ltol-i 1 (19S86) lootttt lactate: lIttplicat iottnt to riiti of-tti, plot--

nitatce. Sparts 1rdic. 31. 10-"1-. lctli. . t l.(118) ffct-- litlaolit resit anti. oirt itit I raining ont

phttysit-atl fitntiss componnttiits tif piotetia l r-levacittt t(i +(;z tilrt. 1tition and Spot ICooicat-i littttt u. ii press

" Keywords: Enro cntmenttal ts)r(,,ors

Notrtiut i-c terIftoritititt!tcrftirtiattc

ilorkloatl

54

Janke, W. Telephone: (49)-931-31842Institut fur Psycliologieder U.niversit,'it XWirzburg

Doierschillstr. 13D-87001 WVrzburg

West tGcrtuany

. Performance Measures: Motor tests (all kinds): vigdlanac tiests, & Pschopharmacology

. Normative Data Base: No

9 Test Validation: Constrluct and factorial validity

* Testing Protocol: Paper

* Test Equipment: Open

* Theoretical Background: No inforinatiot: snpplietl

* Relevant Publications: No publications supplied

* Keywords: Environental Strcs sorsPhysio. Perform. Mess.Stressor Effects

Johnson, W. (See Hart. tpage 43)

Jong, J.H.A.L. de Telephione: (31)85-521111('ITO. Otttcl: National Inst it ute for Edur - MeasitrtentP.O. B~ox 1034N L 68(11 ArnitiThe' Nethlerlands

" Performance Measures: 'Pests of fmseign lamgiagi' liteing contsreliemsios at fssor level., of per-Cor-inance is Fnglish French. (;ern,a::. Spanmish:. and H ussian are 1uses inl grail-nation decisions.

" Normative Data Base: Test data is collreted and analyzed1

each Year. uising liewlei I -Packard :30001attil tI l'. Norms are bsased onl equating tests ovrer the wears.

" Test 'V'alidation: Yes- thlere has b~et Validatio ottf level slilffretses ains ofrosiext. usitg tat is's.speaker,.

" Testing Protocol: Sttsilents listeti to t aped Sattijules of t'('cli and ans'wer writ tel: sIllest 15:1.

" Test Equipment: Tape recoruders. ca-set te ptyers, palper antI lpeitils. vitles recordevrs. anitd

interact is's videot etnipinctat

" Theoretical Background: l'erforinattre of secondi or foreigi. tiuginige learing is e'valttatedi againstt Isi

pe'rformoance of inative sps'akers oif cistiparable age andI eisatiotial back-grotlisl Tests are evalutatedi agaitisi : HIascl:. G . (1960tI, l'roltalal ist ic Modeilsfor somne lIntellignce atit At t:i ttivttt Tists. ('siilagi'i Diinark 13'da-gogill, Ilustitite

*Relevant Publications: -Jonig I..1 IA .L. der. (19821. '1Test inig Ftri~gt Latgttag Listetintg ( ornitr~eiti-sion. [Pspec presenteid at ISICT 5, St irlitng Scotlaind-.lontg, .H~.A.L~. dc. (19831). Focinsiiig iii ott a latetit trait: Ati :sttt'tilut at riot-strt validationi risitng the HILascl ititticl. In: Wee'rt't. .J. vani (I.A) Pracansd Priohlcms. ill Lttnspsji T-fitiq 3. 11-35. ''ITO inlieti-Jotig. ,l.l.A.L. dei. ( 19811, Iiivi'itg: A singlv' trait in first and scondislearning. Tsegepsnste Taslsi-0 risial in -Attkclrt.. 2t. 66-N7t--Jontg. .H~.A.L.. de,. I 198W1b,. Achlii sui tcsts andt tat ioiil 'tladls.,

91tii iii A',dscttional 1*?(jslj,ttw,,, 12. 295%-3(rj

55

a Keywords: Decision making Theoret it's modelsFocused attentionIndividual differencesNormative perform, measure,

Performnance

Jong, P. de (See Das-Srnaal, page 18)

Jong, R. de (See D~khuis. page 21)

Jong, R. de Telephone: (31()50-639111State University GroningenRIONWeoterhaven 15Pootbus 12869701 BG. GroningenThe Netherlands

" Performance Measures: Test scores on electricity knowledge (thte KE test)J anti clect rical (ircint prttlt-ten solving (thle P()H test). as well as scores n at att titutide stale.

" Normative Data Base: Yes- data front 409 stttdents itt tttrteeschlstt. attalvzit with Sl'11- X

* Teqt Validation: Thsere have beetn comptjarisns bit wen MK F. 11011l. ti I . ttt ATu' T[Iatti att itelligettce test (TI)

* Testing Protocol: Wttole-e*Lts inst rttrtot

" Test Equipment: ('yber 1701/760) atnd SI'S

" Theoretical Background: Protlon solving t Itette. actio tth letr.s and t it "Seltiim atic

* Relevant Publications: -Jottg. R. de: (1981) Niti t'i't modtlI %,,tr hadjrhn

Proltleettsoplosseid l-atitleet itt dct L.B)-d li l.tttltteyjttkty kt. l-itttrt'tlt-+ hylage. (S.V.O.-prsject 014901). llareti. I tN.-.Ing. R. tde: (1982) probleitlttstttter l'titerritlit !it Allgetttritett 'T''ittiktttt-terrict. lit: 0. Lattge titic S. Loltiert (Hrtgj ti'rtthtc ,t nc'tr 'nterrieht

und Set bstandiye t .4 reit~ tvanit Schatltrv ). 1 8319t7. Zettrtlit ftur I 'aeni-gogiselie Berttifsltraxi. . ttnivcrsitit voti O ltdetnttrg.

-lJortg. I). tde: 1198-5) Dettkett entt e tlti titt't itet takgt'li't Algetintit'Techttiekett. Itt: L.FW. dt' Elerk en A.s1t1 Kitter. (Itt-t. . Ott-

tlet'wjspsyclttlogisclt tttterzttek. Iii-itriyi~v titti dc ()ttterttiri s r-attayt nt

1984. Lisse, 'Swits & Zeitlitiger.-.lontg, R. tde: (1984) The inilutce t st rtctutrittg thett learntittg etirit'ttttitnt technical prnltletnsolvittg. It: E. Ilol cta. (Edis.)I. Educatiotn fur csgttilite,devetopmrent: proceeding it!the third interrvtiirt ot sttiptttsiutt ton 'lit'my ftht -

ory. Deti Haag. SV'O. It. 204'-223-.Jong. RI. de en llaanst Ca, F. :(1985) De' itteitet I an Stuiritig til prifletit-

plitssend hatidelen. ven orideratick ittar tde effect iviteit vattne irrictula vtttrItrolenoplossettd Ilandileti tittieit Algettient' Teclttikent. Fits raltittr Illvan SVO-;trojtect 01 190. ;rsttitgeit. iRION.

" Keywords: lnditiduat differencesPerformance

Jdri, H. Telephtonte: (41)(-l-2519787Stiftutng Inst ittit ftir Angrwantttt psychlltgieMerttirstrasse 43

('11-8032 Zinrioh

Switzerland

56

" Performance Measures: Driver's license canididates whio failedl the exaili aind abiorioa t raffic be-hiaviour are evaluat -1 in ternis of HAVEN progressive Mat rices. Tilsrtons.HAWIE, 1ST, PSB3 hi,rn. Hey. Mciii. Rorscliacti. Zuiiliger. Wartegg. IonPictures. Giessen, Blake/Mouton. N 29. and FLA.

" Normative Data Base: See testing protocol

" Test Validation: See testing protocol

" Testing Protocol: See the Manual der Schwcizerisrhen t'crkchrspsychslogisc~n N\or-tiatnnt, rsuchung by F. Gubser and S. Spiirli. 1967. tohajiden ERFA-(irupp:e S(chwv-i,.-erischier Verkchrspsychologe: (tiot available)

" Test Equipment: ERFA group has decided to postpone thle int rouict ion of elect rotii yvlll

" Theoretical Background: See resting protocol

" Relevant Publications: See testing protocol ajid Splirlis literature. s'iroi: Scele af Hiolert u)il kri-tische theorie diagnostiseher P'raxis

" Keywords: Decision Miikiny r'erftirniatiiv

DiLeidcd Attentisn Personality Factor,Foc used Attentisn Per,,onicl SelectionEnvironmnental Stresisscs Risk TakingIndividual Differences Sclectiee AltentloriMental Resource Stessor Effects

Jorna, P. (See Boer, page 7)

Kantowitz, B.H. Telepliotie: (1)131 7-491-6861Purdue UniversityDept. of Psychiological Sciences.West Lafayette. IN. 479017United States of Atiterica

" Performance Measures: Assorted secondary tasks %wit Ii RT, '. andoi error rate. leart rate vsiiiie. kevoked poteti ls are used to iieaiirv at tetiton andi workload

" Normative Data Base: Yes, at Allics Ileseareli teniter

" Test Validation: Test-retest for reliabilitv. and1

suits sinutlattir work for vajidltion

* Testing Protocol: Test one subject at a t tne undaer toiutl ol

" Test Equipment: IB[3M ATr wit ii assortedi peripherals, cost.out soft ware ill %lieu lsilt

" Theoretical Background: Kanut ositz- iuiglt luvbtritl tioulel if stit i and ,s spa, iY Arta Pbyluoy-

i. 1976)

" Relevant Publications: Kantowiti. 13.11. & t aspir P.A. (1987. ill pros 1< 1 al lliu o utrljel ill asila-

tion. In E. Witter & B. Nagel (E[dil. . llotoouil Ioitsrs itt otuilon. Aialiiis,

Piress

" Keywords: Dittdtsl alti ntiot sc, ctot, att'rlo

Focused at ten tiosn St esor iffctfMvnltil Resoiurcs 'look atialipi?

'vrforytautcf Tbh r ecl twl, 1,

Ph t.sio. Pvrforn 11c. I orkl,,ad

lresponse cornpetition

Keennink. C. tSo \%, X'd lil. cfr. pa,-e 10i1

57

Kelly, B. (See Fadden, page 27)

Kemnnerling Jr., P.T. (See Snyder. page 95)

Kennedy, R.S. Telephone: (1) 3()5-894-50t90Essex Corporation1040 Woodcock RdSuite 227

Orlando. FLA 32803United State., of Ameprica

* Performance Measures: The Essex Aiitiiated P'ortable 'rest Systemn (APTS) is a sv!Isi and relIi-able inicator of boinavirorau sinitable for use inl reviote operat oatsettings

" Normative Data Base: Not yet

" Test Validation: Tests oil the APTS have been validate ciiusing tie( paper andi peuncil firii, tie(VA IS verbal awld perforianici scores arid the Wondeclir P'ersonnel Tiest.

" Testing Protocol: Tests are brinig given withl a repeatedl :iva-sres idesign iif tenl repicat ions

" Test Equipment: N E(' P(821 A rnicoprocessor alta Zetiit b ZF181 uhiicro)pruressor

" Theoretical Background: Thie porpose inti t(' develop:ie ilt of the( AI'TS is to develop a repeatedI-ineasures test battery. effectivi' inl inesrivug-m butoati pirfortuanci' ileietin:

over t innp or in tiitsual wiirk i':vironlineit s. Tests conisiideriei for itiioinl the APTS innis? shiow signs of: 1) seisit ivity- to isisrpt in i) itest per-forniance d]iii' ti) all eiviron:ni'ntal stinihlis: 2) ioiurrence iii lten scientiilit era: ire t hat ti( liesct nieastiri'i au identifiabile i nfoiirtiii: proessiing ofioniitive cris:rile: for wlfii a tinoretical liasis vas availabli': :3) ability trlilfereiitiatc birain: dainaged ii::diviijals front ritrnials oni ilii, bas is ofte~ri'siilths: 4) previoais appearance in ll a'n vsalishiei and/or factor analyzcidhuattir , : 5) inherent interest to ti'( siulJit: 6) oiviiis facs' valiiiY: "du7,ava)iliity. cost.- atii othier pract cal consideirationis. le-" thiat mneetcrit eria are t ben st ritigetl tecstedl arcordiig to t lie following ciitsiilirat ions:factor. dotiiaiti testing nirse. tittl' to st able tias and staiidarid ieviations.tine tii rdiff'rential stability, task idefitititiin. ri'lialiilitv elhcieic. task setii-tivitv atid ceiling.

" Relevant Publications: Nii pliblicat iiits suipliil

" Keywords: Individual dtffecrrccsPerfor sa acPc rsiol el sclectioanSteysaneo effectsWoloiad

Kerkhof, G.A. 'lelejiliiiiii (311-27681lUn'iversity of LeiideniDept. iif IPhysiologyWassenaarseweg 62Leident

The Net herlands

" Performance l'Measatres: Auiit icy litect iiit irfiriiaiice. twii-lasli i liresliiili. sliiirt -terin niiiirl.andI reactiiit titli',

* Normative Data Base: Nii

" Test Validation: C'ross Validiationi

" Testing Protocol: Hllocki'i test .sessiins ut 15 iwt

58

" Test Equipment: PDP 11/03 processor, special Mnosscsi enICompatile wit ill RSX-l

" Theoretical Background: ''heory of signal detectability and othiers

" Relevant Publications: -Kerkhof. G.A. & V'erduinl. CA. (inl press) In Gl. Hildebandat (ed.) [,eter LangV'erlag Circadian rhythmns in performnc tic n rsppioilsoal and bit' hors)

data for morning- and erening-type subjcct,.

" Keywords: Deciin makingIndieidual differenceslihysio. P'erforrmcAse.

Kisser, Rt. (see \llehalik. page 71)

Klapp, S. T. Telephione: Ill 115-881-3481lCal-State University Hayw'ardPsychology Dept.

Hayward, CA 94542United States of America

" Performance Measures: B~asic -esean+i inl workitig inicor limits. Not rt a-c'silliletit i g tar1-

poses

" Normative Data Base: No

" Test Validation: No

" Testing Protocol: protocol accordinig to Al'HItL-TI?-5-htt

" Test Equipment: Soiftware availabile froni AISHlL ilt %% 'AFII

" Theoretical Background: AFHRL-Tl-853-60

* Relevant Publications: -AFHRL-TR-85-60 Nlejiior.N and pring ticiiiiit s ill dliiti ma;king

" Keywords: Divided all-iiinAhen tal resonrcc,

Kiebel, E .~c (--litlialik. page 71)

Klein, M.J. Tlelctpliitii: I1 4l. 13.10t t

Patat, A.Uit j t tdie 'liarniat diigie I lillijitic

Ilirerttin Nlctlicalc lliiissel 1.1 LAF1012 Houte d~e Noisy93230 IlOMAINNILIA:France

*Performance Measures: 171etstt tltl,:nstit and~ 111oiilatitt iil iitit'l pci-titil. ttiii itt~ ii,,k.

* Normative Data Base: Dat abase taints tti ile ,ttltipittc, li'l tidlt- TlK.I I l LN

59

" Test Validation: The tests iised have beeo valiiated thlriiiigli oither research. i ehoildnig 1 li,work cited:

-Arnold. WV. (1975) Der Poul i-Tet. Berlin-Baddeley. A.D. (1976) The psychologiy of neriory.N ew York- Ileishiati. E. (1972) St ruet, eantI] iiastirettiett of isychionttor ail i-tis. In: Siniger. R.-N. (fig.) The psychoniotor dornin. I tlilladellphia

" Testing Protocol: Doti le- bli rd cross-over, lat in sfj:neu design beifore (drug itake ( baselitielaind several timecs after (30 lin to 6 hours) slid 24 hiirs after. oti hloativolanteers

" Test Equipment: Mt'LTIPSY 801, BIG-DATA 6nildl. llahtustrasse 9 D3-63 SiTEINBC O f FA.inicrocntiltntir progratuticil tests, on A PPLE Il( . flostarographY

" Theoretical Background: The tests available cover thle scope of sensor. setisoriniot ricit. aijil pse-cliottiot ricity andl cogniit ive futict mis like tuettiory. elassifheat iofl and lirolicitisolving

" Relevant Publications: -('rot et at.. 1985. ill Nassoii ci): 178-182-fileit et aL. 1986. Therapir. .41. 299-304-Patat et al., 1986. Thcrapif. .4, 143-447

* liatat ct al.. 1987. Europca o .1. Ch'it. Phaonac. (ill 1Press I

" Keywords: Focused atteidisoP'erfoeoiotice

KlegI, R. Teliplii&- ( IS) 310 829951Baltes, P.B.

,\Iax-laiik-listitotl( for lliiiati Beveloijiett anid Ediication

Leutzeal lee 9. I" Performance Measures: %le'iliorY te~ts iscord lists. 11iiiiblr 1series: are uised in Owi oii: f slr

uwimoy (nitcittiiir skill) illitit au iid lda ls

" Normative Data Base: There is tin database.

" Test Validation: The tests were timl Naliulatiul

" 'resting Protocol: The, test, Zoe iiliist erni il Pt,'s lu-'siuitu o ui 01 unira) uoi seelli I(-

Slpitise collect ion oni kcvluuuiril

" Test Equipment: AXti Applle Ile itititit it l i ti-hloise Softicari is cuirrutitly luuiig 1-d AMatIttosli contlutiter tooy lie uisiu iti the, fiture.

" Theoretical Background: Skilleid iietioir tliuurc,: ulustiuit.% of riugtiitivu filtit liotiiu ill oldh) lljt

,i llticity: exaiittitiiit] iif cognitive tuu apuaeii~y

" Relevant Publications: Kliugl. 1?.. itl al. (19)8(i) Testinig ill- Litniit. Extpur isi. atiu \ltuuu ilrv dll

hiiiii iil il;1

age IN: F. Mix & IL. flagiiuoi f (Ed,)s HwItiuuut W,1 ooryg uht npabhtics. Nuirth licu~lanii -nitis ruiii

* Keywords: odidoo ubl L0uffrircs.l1 itiil Iessiirul'crftirnmiru7o4

1 Irlyhu.4t,

Th, usreirol A todu 1

Koenderink, J.J. Tkcloicu: (31) htl-5:128fl

Stlate I tiiversit v I'treI'hysical LaboiratoriesDetpt. if Nlcuical ail liisiuilugical NtlicsIiritiuetituluiit 53,581 tC U~t rechitThe Nethlerlands

*Performance Measuresi: l'scu louliesical ttieasiircs if tiiuti its)e~ its) iis r1ittltat uiut tlresliil UiOu-ltii stilc thurii( ntire if \ wtl iir,(iiiu

60

" Normative Data Base: We collect thet iiiost diverse (lat a of die vixtial pcr: ejt ioi of a fewv scee:silbiects for pilirposes of thi-tical ajialvasis. 'I 1lce is fill: n:,liltatm.i dJal a0:: colo~pciter

" Test Validation: 'No

" Testing Protocol: St andard psychopliysical ifiet lids c.g. li alkiii:;;11-"Ik liamIinet hod, forced-dhoice procedures. RO'-aialYSIS

" Test Equipment: Optical, elect rit-iptical. '9iciiid puiiicl~ itilagi'siii'i c Set ivitllu- I'

daril iniage'proiessocs (de Auiza ,. For sifiwari. ui'c Wa~t :1 A& :li~Adlaptive Prohit Estiinatioii. ('i-c,::t .Aych::l.R 1?11 20tX-211

" Theoretical Background: Signal letcc::::: : henrY. zitiral tnni liig

" Relevant Publications: Avsailahle tip:::: request

" Keywords: F::ci,,di aitcrittor:Theiacctical ?iodeiI'

Kondraske. G.V. liliiuii I j I-7 -31-Bebbehani. K.Maltzahn, W. vonChwlalkowski, M.Pape, E.

[lox 19138A clitigtitt:. TX. 76(119I'mtel Stfatls of Aia:'ti,i

" Performance Mieasures: Nlilce ;Iiaii 500tlti iiiiu;tl's Ice vil 1" :i.:'::li i,: fiei:u'!

of ariiiuis agetits :4 perfoI Irtiill, c.

" Normnativye Data Base: A Iat a sa- ,1 26i0t0 reidi:

" Test Validation: Niiiiarll rIcliaililicat 111,ic, liac lo-cll -iil: tel %\alllil !-a ""

" Testing Protocol: fis ts arec aiiiiiiisteri:I vit I: ai iopiijacri/,i lit1atuit pertoiitlla Ii'itllit:11

of 'fexas at Arliiig::ni. a D)El ISI 11/21.'atill iti-liiiiixi0 aifn ai -!

" Theoretical Background: SiiKoidraske. G;. Nlarci. lt) I hiiiiait li'rct.ii, cic "ll iii it

HI-17

" Relevant Publications: Ni: tiiillhiiit iiots Stipipliedi

" Keywords: Af:'rital H-ijc M rfr, 1 1.:1 lcIl' -,XII.

Noryntti-c I'i'rflirtli Ti4." 'iA .4 :al~qs:J'ccflrr~itrr ic it:r I t tl' A .11,IP, r.on ucl ScelOu, Itearleinl

Koorernan. A. 'leliiie: :31 121-872843~.olt WNicial Se'rvice'

10.155 AA Aistirdaii:Thev Ne hierlanila

" Performance Measures: Meittal ability test,. persuaitY e lt 1: iis:e' jivelitorjes. %iiat iojialalice. placerr(:ut

" Normative Data Base: Yes. 560 subjects: Sl'SS software

" Test Validation: Not yet

" Testing Protocol: ('lass-routu. paper anid plicil tests

" Test Equipment: hit roiuction of the tests in thle iorgainzatioii

" Theoretical Background: Trait theories, guidance inlels

" Relevant Publications: -Koorernan. A. & Sorli.J (19'86) Nfo iNitoct s. ZCeali'ileeflapliiit D)Iiiostrtictie van het inistrioitt A. Gerriee rishappelijk Aedi,-he Dc ri.t. F0,I1986-Koorernani. A. & Lute):i. F. (1987) 'Se hrift ely ke \erkort I, vori r-aI h-G roiniger Ititelligeti i Test. Swet s eni Zeit linger (i p.)

" Keywords: Individuial differentcesADenal rcsoures

Koot, J.M. Telephoinie: (3118t.-51 2636tC~at holic I 'ifiversity NhtIlegeliDept. of l)eveloinent al P~sychligy

P'ostbhas 91046500( H E N 'tyiegeiThe Nethlerlanid,

" Performance Measures: NoIInIl)e of' goodi ail false -iliit iiiilii 1 (i- iiinl'-gaiii \,itl, boilt-io hal is-iandc a iiier of ,iood atwl false solhit tiu to St roohi C niir-" ior hit:erfir-eiie Ta'sk. The j:tu~one is to assess itidivilual lilfi retires (if ptF--",1641i'i aveil 10I-12 oiisler si,

" Normative Data Base: Nii

" Test Validation: Heilateil to i I irsiitialitY faiiti,s: ielfrlbatiti-iI iage 7

" Testing Protocol: 1siiig the Strooli test ats a 5 indi~la. thei-i joitir gatoc- ire ahlti

ian A-B-A lesigoi

" Test Equipment: Appl IIenipatec. riistiui siift ware iii Pascal

* Theoretical Background: I opig thliorv I lazarns I for the i-noniti-r gaines. See ni-clan: poh~liolsfo ite St eiii i test

" Relevant Publications: Nii iiiblicatiiois stiplied

" Keywords: Iridzitial d~iffcccrinieF', rfortnne',tcessorcfet

Kraaimaat. F.W. (See t)ani-llaggti). s-an. page 17)

Kramer, A. Tielpitie: (1) 2[7-333:-9_,32Inijversit iiof llliiiois

Il)lt. of 1'svihloge603h; E. 1)Iwie, St.

lihitopaigii-. IL, 6i I8,2tI niteil State, of A ierica

b2

" Performance Measures: Ileaction tlitte. accurac y. & je'clop:iihyigtia Ilicasire- -Ntit Ivialcobrain potentials) are used fill orkloadi a.,stievt killi I

niaticity. and at tent ion re.,eari

" Normative Data Base: No information supplied

" Test Validation: See IKrainer et al. ( 1 9 8 7) int litottat Factor,

" Testing Protocol: p'rot ocol accorintg ti Krainer ct al. (1987) in II uan Yacl'-:

" Test Equipment: IBM NT and DEC IP l1/73i

" Theoretical Background: Elect rophysiology. resource t heory. and itietital chronotiit r.

" Relevant Publications: See Boeing &, Douglas workload hiidiograply

" Keywords: Divided attention clerttwr (itt, nions,Focused attenution Taok antyu/ysmIndividual difference, Task cont ptiio

Afenttal res5ources Th, orctjcat rnodrl.Perforinunc WCBorkload

Kroemer, K. (See Snyclet. page 95) Pyi.Prom

fa,

Leenders, I.H.R. Tcev 1 oiuo': (31)30-53290(tState !ttiversity Utrechit

Dept. of Developieut aujulSocializat tot

Developtnent a! Psycholtogv SectiontIleidell erglaatt '23584 tCS I'trechtThe Netherlatnds

*Performance Mealtures: Behavioral t v. htahituNation viortal cxpiuolty lhclt;,ior. I'vc- hatrldediutat ion

* Normative Data B~ase: ..XitrttxittltelY tixty 3i-5 i vroIk. Fhttr luivtovra i tvk- (jiictttoiiiltc. iter,is apurt)xittlv ( IIt0 citildcet per (tilt iot Cor Dutch' tomitalive dtaSTPSS is llye to ainaiv' data il (t N CBEH estettto4

" Test Validation: lThtn' tao b~een, -ros-vaidifit ftc biitvjtral *t vican -tt!tveilt yiitidatl 10

IQ stibtests

" Testing Protocol: Qutesitinnaires tot lit'i,,ittr -iNv fori ;kt(: notie- 0 1. 10an , 7 )h-

vat joual standado-ized pr, ibt to ftot hattititl t. exttlottttv lI ti"-.

" Test Equipmnent: No m~fontr'rst jot, ie

" Theoretical Background: I';urnt-cijli inttetolt to r-su.lrcit. ittfttrttti ttt tt') tt"itg 1i i.: Id tilNcoitIt;(ccttt atit eflect i~ev ' 1,-till

" Reievant Publications: Nti plitlijatin itt lic

" Keywords: lIn i dtil diffjJ ,

N;t r oly arl,,.

Leigh. T. Tvllht II 1,2 1tI7.:t

Unk-eit~My of, LeedsHlumtan psyc ophar33:3'3133g3 lltearel, intLevdx. Wes't Yo.rkshire LS6 3JJT(ite33d Kxingdomn

" Performance M'easures: (:13 a! fficker fiis,:, and 3133,1: 333333ol 333 ( 33,3333 lo33 --- I3.' I"333.c

effect>S of dn1-lgx ald shep1.

" Normative Date Base: 13a,"('!ine 3:3e33033re fronttw33 >333! 33,3333 31; t 3.3 e1'33313 ale l,' ;3,, d:3 " i

" Test Validation: 5:'' I! 33133a]313r'fCh w

" Testing Protocol: Pl-actice: '20 ('lTY, anal 6(TV'la,::! Am,1 of333 .;,o' 1 -test es8sion (( liT 'inIN - 111 t3nJ 0

" TIest Equipmhent: I.3':' I' jec:::33:::3 1-1,13'. 33

" Theoretical Background: S':'ee - EE!/p::!vgiajph

* Relevant Publications: - Lxigl3. ct al. ( 19,S7) 113:33:03 I'3.33'33.3l33rtwt3,'i J!,

" Key words: .113 a lb-1a1r.e,,:r,.

Levisor:. W,.J. '31'T"I3333l loolliwi llo

fill, i.'aoralof'- If33'

3 'anihri:!g, . 331.335 f223ts

*Performan~ce M''easu~res: \I,. 1 33 3133 111 33J 1113~33 1133, 11 *.3.3 11 1 33fII 33 II l

I 3133:3 ,3 33 ,3 l*;.3 33 I 3 j: 3 ' 3 3,3 I~.3.3 ,3 I333 I'~' I333 ,33 , , I,,II

v 333 i !'3k31 33. n 32 3.~:3 133i 3.111 1 1 1 111

I 33II 333a t Y3 '11 l al)( 1 , 1 1 1 I33333 I33333 I33:33.3. I, of3'33 o!,' 1 .3:0of II

333333 ,, i o . I333 333: 'pl I.3! 113. 333 1 t 1',' 33 II33 1 ' 4 - 3 f 3333 I33- IIilI ,;i

I 3

3r.33 I ~ '.333'3 3333,3,I3,;33II3'N I , I i I I ll l ),I13 I1 113 131 1'' 133 3 33 3 3, 1

333 I '31 :3333133I3a3I 33I 3 l ''~' of j33' Ili (.3333 I,33 3 vill33s

* Test 'alidiation: 3

T lesting Protocol: 3 3333 333.3333j333

33.: f3

hil : oll 33 1 11, G, I, 33, 333331- 3333 it,, 1: 3w~o *3 'l'3oll'

3333333113;0- 1 33.33 I,,3 , I" 31 ' 1333 , 11,01'

-1 , i;3' , 133 -k- 31333, I33'3 3 :,

Test33 Eq i me t 311Ilwl" .33,3! 3 3333 1.3333333'! 1". -33 1 3 1

e Theore3'(tica3l Ilackgroui: : o13, 11 , ,,'3, 1 3, 3 , 1 3 333, 33,33 3

p[ I, - I, of, 'I 'I 3'3".;.I I"3 333..3333, I, .. WI o!33

64

" Relevant Publications: -Levison. W.H.. (1971) -The Effects of Display Gain and Signal Bandwidthon Iltunan Controller Remnant". AMRL-TR-70-93, Aerospace Medical Re-search Laboratory. Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. Ohio.-Levion. W.H. et al. (1971) "Studies of Multi-variate Manial Cc,.trol Sys-tens: A Model for Task Interference". NASA (R-1746.-Levison, W.H. et al. (1985) "Descriptive Linear Model;ng of Steady-StateVisual Evoked Response", Proceedings of the Twenty- F. rst Annual Confer-ence on Manual Control, Ohio State University, Ohio. June 17-19,-Kleintan. et al. (1971) -A Control Theoretic Approach to Manned- eihicleSystems Analysis", IEEE Transactions on Autonomous Control. Vol. AC- 16.pp.824-833, No. 6,-Levison. W.H. (1982) The Optimal Control Model for the Human Oper-ator: Theory, Validation, and Application,. in Frazier. M.L.. and Cronble.R.B. (eds): Proceedings of the Workshop on Flight Testing to Identify Pi-lot Workload and Pilot Dynamics, AFFTC-TR-82-5. Air Force Flight TestCenter, Edwards Air Force Base. CA.

* Keywords: Divided attentionNormative performance measuresPerformanceTask competitionTheoretical modelsWorkload

Lewis, N. (See Schiflett, page 90)

Liebrand, W.B.G. Telephone: (31)50-636348(31)50-636340

State University GroningenDept. of Personality PsychologyGrote Marut 31/329712 HU GroningenThe Netherlands

" Performance Measures: Intelligence and social values tests

" Normative Data Base: Yes. programs are written in Turbo-Pascal for IBM-MSDOS systems

" Test Validation: Currently in progress. See publications

" Testing Protocol: Computerized assessment

" Test Equipment: Computer system

" Theoretical Background: Wiggins. I.S.: Personality prediction and assessment, Also. Addison-Wesly(1973)

" Relevant Publications: -Liebrand. W.B.G., (1984) European Journal of Socal Psychology. 14. 239-264-Liebrand. W.B.G. et al.. (1986) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology,22. 203-215

* Keywords: Decision makingIndividual differencesPersonality factorsPersonnel selection

Logle, R.H. Telephone: (44) 224 480241University of AberdeenDept. of PsychologyAberdeen AB9 2CR13. Scotland

65

* Performance Measures: Secoidary tasks are used as a means of task component analysis. Addit ion-

ally, neasures of cognitive performance. such as mtemory and attention areused. These measures help to determine diving stress & cognitive workloadand changes in component skills with training

* Normative Data Base: No

" Test Validation: Some perfortmance measures have had limlited validation, such as correlation

with IQ.

" Testing Protocol: Small numbers of subjects are used in within subjects designs.

Diving: Extensive practice effects diring a dive:testing before. during, and after the dive

Workload: Secondary tasks practiced to criterion.then combined with primary task under

study: comparisons at different stages of

training for same or different individual,

" Test Equipment: PDP-lt. Apple II BBC. paper, and pencils

" Theoretical Background: Working memory (Baddeley)

" Relevant Publications: -Logic & Baddeley. (1985) Ergonomics-Raddeley, et al. (1986) Quarterly Journal of Experimental P's ychology-Logie, et al. (in press) Proceedings of Europran Wtorkshop on liagery F

( ognition

" Keywords: Environmental StressorMental ResourceTask A nalysiTheoretical Models

Long, J.B. Telephone: (44) 1-631-0889

Wilson, F.W. (44) 1-387-7050Ext 5322

London HCI CentreIJCL Ergonomics Unit

26 Bedford WayLondon WCIH OAPEngland

* Performance Measures: Tiume. errors. and mneasumres of user & cutstotmer acceptalbility are tsed tostudy hulnan-computer interaction.

* Normative Data Base: No

e Test Validation: Validation may be integral component of some studies

. Testing Protocol: Expert/analytical/obscrvational/ experiment al approaches

& Test Equipment: VAX 11/780, GEC 40W0 series. SUN. BBC. Apple, Torch

e Theoretical Background: Cognitive Science and Information Theory

. Relevant Publications: HCI Centre still in formative stage - publications will he notified in due time

o Keywords: Decision making Selective attentionDivided attention Task analysis

Environmental stressors Task competitionFocused attention Theoretical modelsMental resources Workload

Response competition

66

Lorenz, B. (See Goeters, page 37)

Lourens, P.F. Telephone: (31)50-636780State University GroningenTraffic Research CentrePostbus 699750 AB HarenThe Netherlands

* Performance Measures: Video recordings of cal dtivers in all instrumented vehicle to study patternsof error types

* Normative Data Base: There is the data base of a normative dh ivers task analysis

* Test Validation: Not yet

* Testing Protocol: Post test analysis of video recordings and car characteristic including speed

* Test Equipment: Instrumente, .- hicle with a three-camera video system and audio registra-tions

" Theoretical Background: Theories of human performance and derision making

" Relevant Publicationis: -Lourens, P.F., (1987) "The Psychogenesis of incorrect driving bellvior.In: Lourens, P.F. (ed) Annual Report 1986. Traffic Research ('entre. Haren.

" Keywords: Decision makingPerformanceRisk takingSelective attentionTask analysis

Liler, G. Telephone: (49)-511-393613Ertel, S.Duhm, E.

Institut ffir PsychologieUniversitat G6ttingenGosslerstrasse 14D-3400 G6ttingenWest Germany

* Performance Measures: Standardized tests in clinical psychology

& Normative Data Base: No information supplied

e Test Validation: No information supplied

a Testing Protocol: No information supplied

a Test Equipment: No information supplied

* Theoretical Background: No information supplied

a Relevant Publications: No publications supplied

e Keywords: Task analysisWorkload

Maarse, F. J. Telephone: (31)80-512633(31)80-512630

67

Catholic University of N)imegen

Department of Experimental PsychologyMontissorilaan 3

P.O. Box 9104HE 6500 N rmegenThe Netherlands

" Performance Measures: Tes's for "ballistic" movements used for remedial teaching, fine oeloric skill.

and writing education.

" Normative Data Base: No information supplied.

• Test Validation: Validation is the goal of investigation.

" Testing Protocol: .'7, no computer

" Test Equipment: XY-tablet, PDP-11, and MSDOS system

* Theoretical Background: Psychomotoric insights (Ellis, Van Salen. Norgolin)

* Relevant Publications: -Maarse. F.J., Teulings. Il.J. & Thomassen. A.W.J.W. (1987). ('omputa-tional measures for ballatic handwriting (in prep).

* Keywords: Indi,,idnal difference-

PerformancePersonnel SelectionPhysio. Perform. Meas.Task analysis

Maesen de Sombreff, P. van der (See Zaal. page 114)

Maltzahn, W. von (see Kondraske. page 60)

Manzey, D. (See Goeters, page 37)

Martin, E. Telephone: (1) 602-988-6561AV 474-6561

AFHRL/OTWilliams AFB Arizona 85240-6457

United States of America

" Performance Measures: Psychophysical techniques such as judgement matching. reaction tine, and

discrimination accuracy (for basic research, while pilot input. aircraft system

states, output measures of mission, and training effectiveness are used forexploratory research.

" Normative Data Base: No information supplied.

" Test Validation: Yes, sensitivity to experience level differences, correlation to instructor rat-ings, operational (content) validity .o the exploratory research.

* Testing Protocol: No information supplied.

" Test Equipment: For basic research. Maxvellian Viewing System. IBM XTs & ATs with en-haiced graphics displays, For exploratory research, flight simulation of F-16A with dome color projection imagery.

" Theoretical Background: Visual/perceptual research since 1850 fi basic researc signal detection.Learning theories: cognition, attention. & workload

e Relevant Publications: No information supplied.

68

* Keywords: Decision making WorkloadDivided attentionFocused attention

Selective AttentionTask analysis

McKay, G. Telephone: (44) 532 431751 ext. 6540University of LeedsHuman Psychopharmacology Research Unit

Leeds, West Yorkshire LS6 9JT

United Kingdom

" Performance Measures: Critical flicker fusion, choice reaction time, Sternberg memory scanning task.tracking tasks, Stroop test, Leeds sleep evaluation questiomiaire, analoguerating scales, and HPRU driving tests are used to study the psychopharma-

cological effects of drugs.

" Normative Data Base: Baseline measures from each study collected manually or automatically, de-pending on the tests used.

" Test Validation: See HPRU and general psychopharmacology publications.

* Testing Protocol: Repeated measures deo n. Practice on all tests for one day before start ofthe study. 2-4 test sessions, 1-2 hours apart.

* Test Equipment: Leeds psychomotor tester and BBC

" Theoretical Background: Sensory discrimination, cognitive function, and psychomotor reaction

" Relevant Publications: See HPRU library in care of B. Haig, secretary. University of Leeds

" Keywords: Decision MakingDivided AttentionMental Resource

SelectiVe Attention

Meere, J.J. van der Telephone: (31)50-646397State University GroningenInstituut voor Experimentele Klinische Psychologie,

Turfsingel 46,

9712 KR Groningen

The Netherlands

" Performance Measures: Rteaction times and evoked potentials are used for investigating cognitiveprocesses following mental chronometry. and for searching for differentiation

in clinical groups in terms of cognitive processes.

" Normative Data Base: No information supplied.

" Test Validation: No information supplied.

" Testing Protocol: A single subject per morning session

" Test Equipment: PDP 11. stackpack computer.

* Theoretical Background: The Shiffrin and Schneider attention paradigm.

" Relevant Publications: -A divided attention experiment in pervasively hyperactive children, Journal

of Abnormal Child Psychology. September 1987

69

9 Keywords: Decision mnaking PerformanceDivided 'tent ion Response competitionFocused 'ition Selective attentionIndividuat -~fferences Theoretical rnodeb~Mental resource WorkloadPhysjo. Perform. Alca.

Mehnert, P. (See Gros, page 40)

Menu, J.P. Telephone: (33) 45.52.67.55.Centre d'Etudes et de Recherchesde Medecine AerospatialePsychophysiologie de Ia Perception Vistielle5 his, avenue de la Porte de Sevres75731 Paris CEDEX 15France

* Performance Measures: Reaction times, thresholds. SWAT. and CTS are used for ergonomnic appli-rations and aircraft cockpit dlesignis.

e No-.native Data Base: Not yet

* Test Validation: Confrontation of opthialmc V gical examination and ('SF threshold.

* Testing Protocol: Psychophysiological methods are used.

* Test Equipment: IBM PC computers are used.

* Theoretical Background: Neurophysiology. color vision. and cognitive psychophysiology

* Relevant Publications: No publications supplied

* Keywords: tOeeision Making Personnel SelectionDivided Attention Response fompetitionEnvironmental Stressors Risk TakingFoe ased Attention Selective AttentionIndividual Differences Stressor EffectsMental Resource Task AnalysisNormative Perform. Meas. Task (CompetitionPerformance Theoretical ModelsPersonalitty Factors Workload

Meyers, A. (See Hermians. page 418)

Mellaard, M. (See Good. page 37)

Melter (see Roth. page 85)

Meltzer, P. (See Zaal, page 114)

Menlenbrock, R. (See Thomassen. page 102)

6

7(

Metaus, S.A. (see Biferno, page 6)

Meyer, J.J Telephone: (41) 22 22.91.91Rey, P.

Bousquet, A.Laboratoire d'Ergonomie de Ia VisionUnit de Medecine du Travail et d'ErgononieIMSP Fac. Md. Univ.

10 rue Jules-Crosnier

CH-1206 GENEVE

Switzerland

9 Performance Measures: Visual thresholds, when changing luminances and contrast levels, temporalfluctuations, field characteristics, etc.. and visual strain and sensitivity toglare are used in an ergophtalmological approach in the field of new tech-nologies and transportation.

" Normative Data Base: In development.

" Test Validation: Yes, 2000 measures on several populations: a) both sexes fr3n 18-70 yearsof age; b) professional groups such as VDT operators: and c) drivers. Our

equipment was also tested in other laboratories.

" Testing Protocol: Self assessment of perceptual thresholds after adaptation to the luminous

environment, together with qnestionnalies on visual strain and positive ornegative feeling.

* Test Equipment: Prototypes developed in our laboratory.

" Theoretical Background: Visual psychophysics, ophthalmology, work physiology, and lighting.

• Relevant Publications: -Meyer. 3. et al. (1980) L'analyse ergonomique des postes de travail avec

cran visualisation - Cah. ECOTRA. A. juin-Meyer, J.J. (1981) L'evaluation de la charge visuelle et des risques pc-:r le

vue lors de l'utilisation intensive d'un microscope hinoculaire - Compte-rendudes Journes d'tude, Toulouse 5-6 juin 1980. Publi par lANACT. pp. 22-49-Rey, P., Meyer, J.J. (1980) Visual impainnents and their objective corre-lates. In: Grandjean, E.. Vigliani, E. (eds) - Ergonomic aspects of visualdisvlay terminals - Londres. Taylor and Francis. pp. 77-83Crespy, J., et al. (1980) La charge de travail des oprateurs dans les services

informatiss - Md. ct Hyg., 38, 1365: 494-502.-Meyer, J.J. (1983) Test de dpistage ct tes d'aptitude visuelle. L'apport de

]'ergonomie l'ophthalmologie preventive. L 'opticien Sui,%e n 1/2 10. 36-47

• Keywords: Environmental stressors

Individual differencesNormative performance measuresPersonnel selection

Meyer, J.P. Telephone: (33) 16.83.51.07.75Aptel, M.

INRS - Institut National de Recherche et de SecuriteAvenue de Bourgogne

B os, Postale 2754501 Vandoeuvre CedexFrance

" Performance Measures: a) Evaluation of Physical restraint and cardiac frequency through telemetry,

the consumption of oxygen.b) Spinal mobilityc) Detection of thresholds of finger sensitivity to hot or cold.

" Normative Data Base: It does not exist as standards applicable to the whole of a given population somuch as it concerns the spinal mobility or that of digital thermal sensitivity.

71

" Test Validation: The spinal mobility has been utilized in youthful athlete populations. Thesestutdies show a correlation between chatnges in mnobiity and! thle predlispoisitiont

to lumnbago. The thermoestsiototre has bteen ut iied in salaried personuelexposed to vibrations or attacks of Rcynaunds Syndromie.

" Testing Protocol: Principles of terrain stutdies.*Physical vorliload based on ergometric bicycle.-Spinal mobility among 3 populations, exposed to vib~rat ioni+-The thresholds of thermal sensitivity in salaried subjects exposed to art ifi-

cial cold.

" Test Equipment: Rachinieter. compaq AT for acquisition and storage of the data

" Theoretical Background: Exposure to cold - recooling of hands - lowered thermal sensitivity -Ov

naud's Syndrome.

a Relevant Publications: -Badelon et Coll. (1983) in Loiuibalgie et Md. Education Matson. Paris.69-78-Hirosawa et Coll. (1984) international Journal of.Neurosr-icnvc. 24. Pg1-286

-Mito Pt Coll.- (1981) Medico AINKI Vniversity, vol. 6I.N2. 125-11

" Keywords: Workload

Meyman, T. (See Molder, C0.. page 74)

Michalik, C. Telephtonc: (4:3)-222-7315710)Kiebel, E.Risser, R.Kisser, R.

Austrian Road Safety BoardInstitute of 'Traffic PsychologyOlzeltgasse 3A-1030 VientnaAustria

" Performance Measures: Visual perception: strtict urihng ability: peripheral .01:rcathice caliacit v

(speed and reliability of reactions, stress tolerance): cuocetrative caltacil v

(resist ance against monotony. flexibility of attent ion. vigilatnce): sensoruttit or

coidf at ion ( tracking. tappitig. dual- and trtiple task t est s): memonry so

and long termo); intelligence (noti-verbal): and personality tests are used for

driver apttituode tests atuf pceselect ion of pilot applicaots.

* Normative Dnta Base: Driver aptitude tests: 13000 (clients of the Iostitute of Traffic Psychtology)

pilot select ion: 4010 (cliets of thle f'sychotechniic Institute I trcclt. Net her-lantds and Aerospace Medical C'enter Soestertterg. Netherlands)I

" 'rest Validation: Driver apt it ude tetsts have bueen validated withf observed drivitug ucfiaviuor

as criterion; pilot selection tests have beeti validated withf t raitnitig results:

(publicationis available at thfe etid of 1987)

" Testing Protocoi: Entirely computeriz~ed te'st procedure (cotmputerized instruiction. pceseuta.tin. scoring. atid nrinalizat ic,: using sptecialized rottiput ic testdecs

(ACT & REAC'T Testsystein ART-O9l)

" Test Equipment: ACT & REACT testsystem AlRT-90l and] X'iettuese Test Systett "WTS-Olt 1)

the Dr. G. Schuhfried ('tmpany. 1tylrtlstr. 45. A-2340 Miidlitsg. Austra

(Z80A basetd tmicrocomtptter). C hatnges to I BM-Stattdard under develop-ttent. piartly available.

" Theoretical Background: Some publications in German and test tiatitals in Germtani atid English

" Relevant Publications: -Buikases, B. & Risser. R. (Eds.) (1985): Die l'crkchr.psyu'hologmstte rr-

fahren im Rahmen der Fahreigung.dzagnstik. Vienna: Literas

72

e Keywords: Divided Attentowt Personahty F.,.,r.,Focused Attention Personnel SelectionIndividual Differences Selective Attention

Mental Resource WorkloadPerformance

Millar, K. Telephone: (44) 41-339-8855University of Glasgow Faculty of MedicineBehavioural Sciences Group

4, Lilybank GardensGlasgow G12 8QQUnited Kingdom

a Performance Measures: Serial choice RT, discrete choice RT. CFF. simple RT. pursuit tracking with

secondary task option, and tests of memory and vigilance are used in psy-chopharmacological studies.

* Normative Data Base: No in-house normative data base. but most tests widely used and reportedin literature

" Test Validation: Most tests are sensitive to changes in cognitive/physiological state with pet-

fornance proiiles that change in a logical fashion according to treatment

• Testing Protocol: No -typical" protocol is used. Ensure that practice curve reaches asymp-tote: lengthier tasks sensitive to smam effects: when within-Ss designs used.consideration given to possible asymmetric transfer effects

" Test Equipment: BBC 64k. Further expansion subject to University funding

" Theoretical Background: Atheoretical - used purely as objective instruments to detect performancechange

* Relevant Publications: -Millar & Wilkinson (1981). Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol

-Millac & Standen (1982). Brit. J. Chn. Pharmacol.-Millar (1983), Psychol. Med.

-Millar et at. (1987). Psychol. Med.

" Keywords: Environmental stressorsIndividual differencesPersonality factors

Miller, J. C. Telelhune nmber not supltied

Mummaw, D.Human Factors Branch6520 Test Group/ENAHEdwards AFB, CA 93523-5000

United States of America

" Performance Measures: Airspeed. heading. and cour-:e deviatiom from aircraft insrtmneotation sys-tents will be used as performance mneasures.

" Normative Data Base: No

" Test Validation: No. l1 ,vever. similar data have proven i~sefl in road transportation awtflight simulator investigation.

" Testing Protocol: Semi-controlled inflight testing.

" Test Equipment: 1553 Instrumentation data bus: Masscomp t'omtputer Syst emi UNIN . MS-

DOS based tmiroconltitters.

" Theoretical Background: Itcreased performance variability din to mental blocks or mental lapses (sePerelli, 1980. for review).

7t

" Relevant Publications: -l'erelli. L.P. (19801 laigii :: St:'es::t it: siri I ted L::gF:rti,:light 1fect.s il Pl'fot-tttatie. Iniforiria:it,:: Pro: s-lug. S:: %v: Vi atlit'c ad 'iiological ost. USAFSAMN-T -80- 19.

-Morris. T.L. (1984) Elect rttti-:lotgraihit all.]ois: i : ;llaijilitv in Si,::,lat ed Aircraft Fliglt iDisse:-:at itt. Texie A &\ li% vl-tv

-Miackie. B.R. & M% . 33. ; 97,2 Effe, t of lbol ::: 'i-, P, gulatilof Scliedules. and Cargo Loading onl Trade andi BIsn Dr:itel 0 lgl :ys (ICA: l-utia:: Factors Researcli. Inic. (l1F1l-TH1- 1976-F 197 5 1329-957

* Keywords: Divided attention fRespons ciorprtltwrFocused at tention seh'cticr atltntinIndividual drffeeni Stressor effectsAfental resources Ta44 analysisPerforniance T44k con: petit ion

h Physio. Perform Meas. Workload

Miller, J. T. Telephone nirinbec to: suippliedMcDonnell Douglas Astronautics Co.P.O. Box 516St. Louis, MO 63166United States of America

" Performance Measures: Sitnuilat ed timoe to compilet e t ask. resotn tr:ittlization. error ratet.

r* Normative Data Base: No informuation supplied

" Test Validation: Limited

" Testing Protocol: Digital dynarnic siotitlat jot of aircrete. rotlillalld andh con:trol. cvogiecrindlesign. at: inantifact urintg ft::ict ots.

" Test Equipment: MicroVax 11, SLAM sinilation langtuage.

" Theoretical Background: lnfortiatiott prcessing, peVrcept nal. nIIal lii o~ll

* Relevant Publications: No inforttlat in:: supplied.

* Keywords: Decisic~n Ynaking lWarkhawAfental rcsourccs

PerformnancTask analysisT,-'- ,onpetitiont

Moleman, P. (See Toilen. page 103)

Monty, R.A. Telephione: (1) 30)1-278-5999Humtan Engitneeritng Labsorat oryAberdcett Provintg (;rottnd. Mdi. 21005-501United States of Anerira

" Performance Measures: Recogtnit ion and: recall are used to assess ltotg atnd slit st leonl tlietnory. lM-action tinte and( detectlotn ace tused to :tneasttre vigilance.

" Normative Data Base: No itnfttriation sutpplied

* Testing Protocol: Keeping track tasks. paired as-:ciat e learninig. andt recall froitt texi

" Test Equipment: Nit intformiation suippliedi

" Theoretical Background: No: itiforitat itn sntjplietl

-74

" Relevant Publications: No phil heatiosiple

" Keywords: Foeev~ce aft ticecePerforeene iS7electuve alP nti,,iWo rk! oe i

Moray, N. Telephoe: (1) 11f-)177(-6120I ziive'rsity of'Toronif

INvpt, of hueli't ial FEngihneviiigreereito \1' 1IS IUanadla

" Perfornmance M1easures: stilevctis' a iesllkidlig SV.AT. \ASA\ Mli'OLAR ,l ow ii Fiu, ci

lcai,. I'vifehrmia:e, ,,iele~mg thle JIlN ti? cdl .1.k. 1 ll/ t,laljaleility. arcil IW S evvlov

" Nornmative Data Base: SE1V (SA V'/NAS,-A AM VS/VA A workhoae l i gia; l

" Test Validation: I nirent valitlatt in i-oi

" Testing Protocol: UI sallyv oli-lilne lealt ilii hetI:;hlit.l

" Test Equipment: I. SO(N. and Appele.

" Theoretical Background: NIontal ieshv-'ir thenry. sai;pig tI,veieiv eil e-vlettivs.

" Relevant Publicat ions: Availal lato 197

" Keywords: D".1e-1 runeking 71, r d rf- tal1

01eejdvd ON~l 7111w, 11 ,rkl,ad,

Mr eitl! reoiirc,ei'rhei'tiarun,

714k cwtip, tfloo:

Mvorgan. N. r Se-h- 1;c h-ri. priw 3))

Mulder, G. 'Iee;hoeet'. (:I SP-6T9 I I

M'ulder, L.J.M.Meyman. T.Jackson, J.Wijers. A.A.Veidman, J.Bl'.

St-tlIittit~ Feigt

9750) AA\ llaret:Theii Net livlata~

" Performance Measures: hear Lt1Oll m(]d (rrhe-, lie lalesar hi i,e'el tee 15,ss I li effer t, oetnviriiv iia~ lveeraging. less-elotrFejei dnigs ethe lI ti~tritl v~iileeoad.

" Normative Data Base: Xe's. Iatak freeiee -itv heilj sH-i-s. ,ltii'tita esiittiitihi. Ieleqih, -awrilp

an,-rehes ao-:vailelle iI)-I o Il- IXIl Uitev l 4.\X/N \MS

" T'est V'alidaition: \Atjiraitiol it done III fill( d'iffi-nI:II

I I ItItI braloiy tod iIIs It: rf':G if .rand Il. itfc it- -I -. I p6

jti'-tt::-tas ali if agiit itniea1rd iteett iivi Ilaipit i , fii'i it d I.-I or)~aiiit ia:ininimoktied l i( cioit. ~ ifftl~

:1) Ill Field tttidier ft effecft (if pie::'ting yottrk 1itv ioilw tha) t pvil

:iiaine anid cardfitvattiiar titeati Vts.

" T1esting Protocol: TIhe tett are ltieseiiiei il pers~onal otr ]ll... raitoi oiicit~ anid pctiiiii -- it

" Test Equipment: The t:eo are at iemiiiuei oni PDP - I ani 1,S1-11 Ia) oralio)~v itiriloi Isoilieotfflhetii notw 1-1111 also out 1131- I'C ti ltipati ie itettttitai ( I llte t

dlata acciiiitirtn andi siet a analti, of heart rate ticiirdti. s iiollaiit'tttItI~iriMrg -tas 1terforillaicv1 call he dittie il tese P'

" Theoretical Biac kground: The: ta,,k' are liase il t Ihi-, fotlo it ing itt-tire:it-al tiitrdei,. ,,I fm rtiti cork-,Tihe iont rolieii-atitoiiat it airti eltIti iv:- at ret it::: frarirewvik of' Shirft at,:)i

Etikiei tani 'Siilt z andtl ille-: fit- wotrkinig iiitniv tiiil ill' fiatlt'lt. aiMich atnd Carpeniter r::t list e-.o.: peri e:LtL--reoir- itttttiiis

" Relevant Publications: - Aat:::lal. J.. \1rilile:. ( . it( NIj riie.L.1 Ii:rt-)~. ( )p:raio Ir ;ill,!the %fcatnI:re:I:cr:t of hfeat Miae \'arialijli v. lltiitti 1iitt7e- l n pi-NliiI:Ier. (., 81. Stag:' Anial * si of tile II ea iLilt 1Lotte.' ror' tIt

ar:id Berta:: EvtokedIltt ials. Ptgr-h tlitgnil Hi I-rt. 16i. 15-:12.-(Witaii T., . Hers.\ A .. N:ldi:, (;. atwi Niilter. L.l I. Nira tr-tatVistial Spatial Attert ion~.tia J'tt/cotlticrtl. 60lt 263I292.

-Nltiler . (;. & NIriluier. L .INI. Tatslr- tedi ( atliiivs r11,t 5

I ii- Is.: .1Lontg and: A.D. llnrdteley JA,)i. AMi Woolt awltr F'trf ..ti... Nt ) \-, ii l-l

" Keywords: Wo rekload Aotnaftti t prfttir~nim

Tar'ki ilroiji.l IDtit"it ii fjIto

Fitirid tliftt fitcft ,?,L fo i 'IT.o

!?ctptrn,,,e ioitLtiti iti t -itt it p rij,

Indidual diffc reri. Tatk 1 r ftnirtt

.W: nial rcsit riyttiti. Peefitrun. hns

Mulder, L. (see N-irulcer. G.. page 7-1)

Mummaw, D. (See Niller. I.C'.. page 721

Myrtek, M. sitc l-ahre::Iierg. page 28)

Nachrainer, F. Tele,.u ioiit. (4) -441 -7988203iI'niveraiilaf Oldenburg - Fachltereiei: 5AG Arheits- ii. Orga::isanzicpehologicIiirke::weg 3D-2900 OldenblurgWAest CerunanyN

*Performance Measures: \'ig il]arce/I(1 Laltarrorv)Ifi-s-nri

* Normative Data B~ase: Ir

*Test Validation: No

76

" Testing Protocol: VDU.

" Test Equipment: P1)1 I I. self-developed software

" Theoretical Background: Vigilance research

" Relevant Publications: -Ejiers. X., Hanecke, K.. i'eper.L.anad Naclicamier. F . lwmit? Tle ot 1;i%effects in vigilance jierforniaance. hii: Leonard, J.P led.): t igilaonc Abt.l

Model., and Regulat ion. Bost on, Doorilcecit: Xtai ois N Ylif ii l

" Keywords: Workload

Natani, K. Telephione: 311-23-14265McDonnell Douglas Astronautics ('oinpaniyEngineering Psychiology Dept. E-122P.O. Box 516St. Louis. MO 63166

United States of Amnerica

" Performance Measures: Speeded and t axchist oscopicall y p!,,sc11tci clinical i' i~cIsl.~irial. prnianily llalsivad-Heitani k l~iiiieddledFiii to ob~taini porwiai

ptrofiles for tiorinal imdividloai.

" Normative Data Base: N0, Work was disc tio/ot'lotoa.I t 1li (i ~iiiiI I i: ;CW lv

rout active." Test Validation: Profiles otitained api). r to correlate posit ivill ii iii Si, ildIcy-1u.n,od R2 A .

s tress resistance.

" Testing Protocol: Both individual testing andi coinpilter as-i~ted jirloir i liavebc liiColliputer assisted work was pirforicidl it 1 S..XF 5.t~ . llook- AFR T,,x

* Test Equipment: No work in progress at this titte.

" Theoretical Background: Lteral it y -BHetinisphicric Sttcciaizat oil

* Relevant Publications: None, other t hani iisctit ion mjiost inon "a pviforiinc. ;I ;i a Srt 0 t11,

evalutatiions if U SAF tfiie at SA.

" Keywords: iided attent ion lP. on ali11 faictos

Individuail difirrecne , 'cer.ssn n, I clertioniAfro lot ccesourcces .'trc.sor efferfsI'crforniance Workload

Nebolt, M. Teleilioie: l1i,83.51I.017.75Tisserand, M.Hella, F.Guillermain, H.

INRS - lust it ot Natioimil d~e Recliech et die ScuiriteService Ergoioiic - PsycliologieiVei'tt det Boiirgogmie35151 'caiulocii crv C edexFrance

" Performance Measures: Visual scaninig levi. 1sovenietit s. lit)(,'oI regardl Foitr le'viarcli it) t'valiiat iiig

percept ie loaI ini t nicik dlrivii.g I. lit presscoi~t~rol (picking tip of iniformiat ion.inforintioil ptiocessitig. andt cigitit activitY I.

* Normative Data Base: No

*

Test Validation:

It is not really

a

lt,

s

77

" T1Iest Equipment: NA( eve oark recorder (ni 1/2 I\') imi NA~inssirporocdi Japan.) III, -V.%P(Head-eye m.ovemenet mewremnt sy~stemIt So'titt01I -I s ltiiiI

supervising) (in project).

"Theoratical Background: Analysis of human reliali t v in inina o r(c.ng rd-f v

perceptiye atti cogitive act ivityVI il riili't diagniiis ill coiplles stcTime sharing antI visual sc anni 0g.

" Relevant Publications: Only in project.

" Keywords: Decision makingTask analysisWorkload

Nitsch, J. Telephone: (49) 221 49825501Rieke, K.

Psychologisches Inst it utDeutsche Sport hochsclhule (DSH) K6!.,Carl-Diem- Weg 41

D-5000 Kiiln 41West Germany

" Performance Measures: A manual comlpensatory tracking task is simlted i. and1

&ticivt Ivi 1, ofmental workload (overloall/unerloill are ildill. all "inc-u1 .ini(failure feedback) can lbe added undser bh -olulilon . iniliti .l nicnaworkload (high or lsw hanux.idt i of forcig fattt ltio i d.pi 1t flrperformance (b~andwidt Itof furr-ing ftitelo-t readwidl and wit.' lffort gripl

measure ott conitrol ceunent ) tre sititttultouly ri'gitalull -is~ tmlal andisaved by computer {loppy disk)

" Normative Data Base: Preliminary Stanine tilris front 911 spoun st lihilts fir iln;it lc, ilf lrfi-

J mance and effort

" Test Validation: Correlations with persotnality mleasures (phapi'r-lii'tcISiil I hoe valid lt. o f I heoiverload rondition, ottderloal is niti'tiii,i'it'. vtiolal st ress faileid to

proof validity

" Testing Protocol: Test present atiotn Iy Atiple 1111o1 ltigh-r'siilution mntitotic reactioii lv cronlstick: own assenthier software for task pire'sentat iio l ulat a savinig: ixieri-

toenter's role is restricted ott primatry extilantationi ati programt starting

" Test Equipment: Extendied Apple-Il comnpat ible with own software: expanlsiont (if htaridwarieplantned lott not ye't spe'cified

* Theoretical Background: ('ognit ive stress model, assumling a contce'pt iif st ress vtlitecaltilit v: intlix ithialdifferences in rcact on tol stress will show ifferetnt rilo tots of ;uurforntalti.

aitr effort over t itt,,

* Relevant Publications: Ilesearclt report (grail: nti. 01 HAQO I) ti Bitndesmninist iritto fir Forsrliuig

ttnd Techitologie I Departmnt of Wlsetarci anil Technuology)

" Key words: In~dividual Dmffrrenr..

Mental Resou-ccs

Norm. Performu. Meas.Performance

Personioty Factors4Workload

Noordhian, L. Telephtone' (31)13-662668University TilburgDepartment of LinguisticsP.O. Dox 901535000 LE TilburgThe Netherlands

e Performance Measures: Reading timie mteasutres, are tsed for developting mtodels iif readintg biehttvior.

* Normative Data Base: No information suppt~liedI.

78

" Test Validation: Developments of tests are inot tie aim.

* Testing Protocol: Tests are displayed on a computer screen. [teading tithes (jer word. clauseor sentence) are measured.

" Test Equipment: Olivetti M24. Homemade software to control the experieut.,.

e Theoretical Background: Information processing in reading.

* Relevant Publications: No publications supplied.

* Keywords: Mental resource

Task analysis

Oatman, L.C. Telephone number not suppliedDirectorU.S. Army Laboratory CommandHuman Engineering LaboratoryATTN: SLCHE-BR (Dr. Oatman)Aberdeen Proving Ground, Md. 21005-5001United States of America

e Performance Measures: Measures of performance include: reaction time, ntober of errors. subjectiveopinions, and physiological measures such as evoked )otentials. P30(0. EEG.etc. and are used for workload assessment.

* Normative Data Base: Unknown

* Test Validation: Walter Reed validation: correlation of task performance. subjective opinion.

and physio. measures

" Testing Protocol: Modified Walter Reed Performance Assessment battery given by comiputer

" Test Equipment: No information supplied

" Theoretical Background: No information supplied

* Relevant Publications: No publications supplied

" Keywords: PerformancePhysio. Perform. Meas.Workload

O'Hanlon, J.F. Telephone tnmber inot supplied

Gler, J.J. deRiedel, W.J.Schoenmakers, E.Robbe, H.W.

Institute for Drugs, Safety. and l3ehavior Ryksuniv. Lihttborg

Bouillotist raat 36211 L.H. MaastrichtThe Netherlands

e Performance Measures: Vigilance. critical tracking, and the Stroop test are used to measure drugeffects, while eye movements. lane tracking. antd expert rating are used tomeasure driving perfortnance.

* Normative Data Base: A data base, consisting of standard deviations of lateral positions, exists fordriving performance.

" Test Validation: No information supplied

" Testing Protocol: All tests are on the MS-DOS operating system.

79

e Test Equipment: A DEC comlputer system. a C'onmodore 64. and the MS-D)OS AT operat ingsystem with Burr-Brown dat a acquisition cards are used.

e Theoretical Background: Basic and advanaed experimeltal psychology and

ietro-psy(clopharnllo(ology

e Relevant Publications: See O'Hanlon 1982-1987

o Keywords: Divided Attention Risk TakingFocused Attention Selecive AttentionMental Resource Stressor Effects

Performance WorkloadPhysio. Perform. Meas.

Orlebeke, J. (See Etnmen, page 24)

Otte (see Roth, page 85)

Padmos, P. Telephone: (31)31-631441TNO Institute for Perception

P.O. Box 23376929 SoesterbergThe Netherlands

e Performance Measures: Maxitnum reading dista cle. eye Inoveoelnt & accornodation, detection.

recognition. identification distances, and visual thresholds

* Normative Data Base: No

* Test Validation: There have been questinaires for visual fatigue

" Testing Protocol: A variety of approaches is used

" Test Equipment: Video equipment. paper prints, EO( equiplent. and a PDP 11/34 comhputer

" Theoretical Background: Visual physiology. physiological optics

" Relevant Publications: Various publications arc relevant

" Keywords: Environmental stres.orsPerformance

I'hysio. Perform. Meas.Workload

Pape, E. (see Kondraske. page 60)

Patat, A. (See Klein. page 58)

Pawlik, K. Telephone: (49)-40-41234722Psychologisches Institut IUniversitit HamburgVon-Melle-Park IID-2000 Hamburg 13West Germany

801

* Performance Measures: Measures of cognitive functions. psycleainot ti apt itudites andl behav'ioral act -vation are used for research applicationis

o Normative Data Base: No

* Test Validation: Mostly with respect Wo psychophysiological criteria

* Testing Protocol: Coniventional as well as computer based test athujijist ration

e Test Equipment: A nficroroniputer-based behavior recorder developed at this instit ute is u1sedas well as micro-computer and mntiicomuter itnstallationis (DlB'('

o Theoretical Background: Theory of activation. mnultivariate strucitural theory of intelligetnce

o Relevant Publications: Research reports

e Keywords: Individual DifferencesPersonality FactorsPhysic. Perform. Meas.T'heoretical Models

Pearson, W. (See Wilson, G.. page 112)

Peigrum, W.J. Telephone: (31)53-893593Piomp, T.J. (31)53-893595

OCTO University TwenteP.O. Box 2177500 AE EnschedeThe Netherlands

" Performance Measures: Mathematics and science tests are used to mteasure student achtievetmet

" Normative Data Base: Yes. data fronm approx. 10000( students; is storcd ott a V"AX cottpuiter systeml

" Test Validation: Judgements by subject-matter experts

* Testing Protocol: Paper and pencil

* Test Equipment: No information stupplied

" Relevant Publications: -Pelgrum, WiJ. et a). (1983) Tweede Wiskunde Project. Bescur,viug votiVitkontsten. Universiteit Twente-Pelgrum. WiJ. Ac Plonup. TiJ. (1986) Second Internuationial Science Study:Beschr~ving von Vitkomnster. en atnalyse. Universiteit Twente: ToegelsasteOnderwjiskunde. ISBN 90-365-0104-86-Pelgruni. WiJ. et a]. (1978) The imuplemneid and attained miathematicscurrictulum: A comparison of eighteen countries. University Twente. ISBN90-365-004-78

*Keywords: Performance

Perrez, M. Telephone: (41) 37 219262Schneider, H.D.

Universit~t FribourgPsychologioehes InstitutRoute des FougeresCH-1700 FribourgSwitzerland

* Performance Measures: There are none at the moment: development of new methods: trend ques-tionnaires. situation specific (e.g. UBV - Fragebogen zuin Unugang mit be-lastenden Situationen im Verlauf. Reicherts & Perrez. 1986)

* Normative Data Base: See measures

" Test Validation: Yes

" 'resting Protocol: According to manual

" Test Equipment: No information supplied

" Theoretical Background: See measures (e.g. Lazarus)

" Relevant Publications: No publications supplied

" Keywords: Decision making Theoretical modelsMental resourcesNormative performance measuresPersonality factorsTask competition

Perrig, W. (See Steiner. page 97)

Peters, J.I. Telephone: (1) 703-734-5861Science Applications International Corp.1710 Goodridge Dr.McLean. VA 22102United States of America

o Performance Measures: Task speed and accuracy. Input to wargames/attrition models

* Normative Data Base: No

" Test Validation: No

" Testing Protool: Pre-post testing of army helicopter crews in helicopter simiulator. Within-subjects counterbalanced design

" Test Equipment: This is not yet defined

" Theoretical Background: No information supplied

* Relevant Publications: No publications supplied

" Keywords: Normative performance measuresPerformanceStressor effectsTask analysis

Pfendler, C. (See Widdel, page 109)

Pigeau, R. (See Heslegrave. page 49)

Plaats, R. van der (See Thomassen. page 102)

L

82

Plomp, T. (See Pelgrum, page 80)

Pond, D.J. Telephone number not suppliedFlorida Institute oi TechnologySchool of Psychology150 W. University Blvd.Melbourne, Fla. 32901-6988

United States of America

* Performance Measures: USAF Criterion Task Set & Walter Reed Army Institute for Research-

Performance assessment Badtery

e Normative Data Base: See USAF/US army battery info

* Test Validation: See USAF/US army battery info

* Testing Protocol: Standard protocols for these batteries

* Test Equipment: Addition of IBM compatible computer to Unified Tfli-Services Cognitive Per-

formance Assessment Battery

* Theoretical Background: See USAF/US army battery info

* Relevant Publications: See USAF/US army battery info

* Keywords: Divided attentwso Selective attentionMental resources Stressor effects

Performance Theoretical modelsPersonality factors WorkloadDecision making

Physio. Perform. Meas.

Pope, A. (See Harris. page 42)

Porlier, J. (See Fowler. page 32)

Postmes, J. (See Goud, page 37)

Pouw, E. (See Flier, van der, page 30)

Povel, D. (See Thomassen, page 102)

Price, D. (See Snyder, page 95)

Rameckers, F. (See Rozeboom, page 86)

Rey, P. (See Meyer, J.J., page 70)

Riedel, W.J.(see O'Hanlon , page 78)

83

Rleke, K. (see Nitsch, paig, 77)

Rlel, M. van (See Snyders, page 9.5,

Risser, R. (see Michalik, page 71)

Rlzzuto, A. Telephone number not suppliedAir Force Operational Test and Evaluation Test TeamConsolidated Space Operations CenterFalcon Air Force Station, Colorado 80912-5000United States of America

* Performance Measures: Decision times, error rates, response times, response series times. Que'tion-naire ratings of design features, environment, documentation, and operatorsoftware interface supporting human performance. Videotape of operatoractions.

* Normative Data Base: No. There are few criteria for human performance in space command andcontrol systems. New ground is being broken.

" Test Validation: Several ury run. at various satellite control facilities tested our data collectioncapabilities and analysis techniques. Questionnaires are in process of beingvalidated.

" Testing Protocol: During live operations, human performance measures are gathered from au-tomated system recording capability. Questionnaires are administered on acomputer based adaptive questionnaire package after each satellite support.

" Test Equipment: AQ-Zenith 171 lap top nicro-cotiputer. VAX-data base. Zenith 248-analysisusing SPSSPC+.

" Theoretical Background: Relationship of human performance to system perforncme with subjectiveinfornmation as explanatory. Using nultivariate regression to determine hu-man performance predictors of mission success/failure is unprecedented.

" Relevant Publications: No publications supplied.

" Keywords: Divided attention Selective attentionFocused attention Stressor effects

Individual differences Task analysisMental resources W,, rkloadPerformance

Robbe, H.W. (see O'Hanlon , page 78)

Rodenburg, M. Telephone: (31)10-634080Erasmus University RotterdamMedical FacultyENT-Dept.P.O. Box 17383000 DR ROTTERDAMThe Netherlands

* Performance Measures: Visual acuity during pursuit and head movement. accuracy of fixation duringhead movement. and stability of stationary objects during head movement.

* Normative Data Base: No information supplied.

84

* Test Validation: No information supplied.

" Testing Protocol: No information supplied.

" Test Equipment: The contrast sensitivity for gratings is determined. A hydraulically- drivenrotating chair is used for giving passive movement.

" Theoretical Background: The compensatory eye movements are not perfect, which results in a move-ment of the image on the retina. Can the visual performance be explainedby this image movement or does a central process also play a role!

" Relevant Publications: -J.P. Flipse, G.J. van der Wildt, M. Rodenburg. C.J Keemink and P.G.M.Kno. Contrast sensitivity fo s;)Atir7 s-r w-ave sratgs d,'ri:,rulirfixation and pursuit. Vision Res. (submitted)

* Keywords: Physio. Perform. Meas.

Roskam, E. Telephone: (31) 80-512537Ven, A.H.G.D. van der (31) 80-512650

Catholic University NimegenDepartment of Mathematics' PcychologyMontessorilaan 3Postbus 91046500 HE NjmegenThe Netherlands

* Performance Measures: Choice response times and response probabilities (i.c. proportion, errors).

* Normative Data Base: See handbook/guide to each of the tests. Our studies are relatively stmllsamples & do not yield a normative data base.

" Test Validation: Yes, all tests investigated are existing pencil-and-paper tests for iutelli .htrand concentration. But our work aims at discovering what exactly is inca-sured by such tests, rather than by validation through correlations withexternal criteria.

" Testing Protocol: Computerized test administration. one test item at a time. with experimntalvariation of item dificulty. stress on speed vs. precision of responses. tunelimits for stimulus presentation duration, resting periods. etc.

" Test Equipment: PDP 11/45 and PDP 11/34. Software: programs written by ourselves andIMSL and SPSS routines for statistical analysis.

" Theoretical Background: (See test validation) Concentration tasks: visual discrimination of dot pat-terns, digit addition, etc. (Kraepelin. Bourdon, Hull. Eysenck). Intelligencetests: mental rotation (Thurstone, Shepard).

" Relevant Publications: -G. van Breukelen, E. Roskamn, R. Jansen, A. van der Ven. & J.C. Smit(1987). Concentration, speed, and precision in simple mental tasks. In E.E.Roskam & R. Suck (Eds.), Progress in Mathematical Psychology; Papers ofthe European Mathematical Psychology Group Meetings. Amsterdam: NorthHolland-Roskam. Edw. E. (1987a). Toward a psychometric theory of intelligence.In E.E. Roskan & F. Suck (Eds.) Progress In Mathematical Psychology: l'a-pers of the European Mathematical Psychology Group Meetings. Amsterdam:North Holland.-Ven, A.H.G.D. van der, Smit. J.C. & Jansen, R. Long term trend in speededtests and Hull's concept of inhibition. Submitted to Applied PsychologicalMeasurement.-Pieters, J.P.M. (1985). Reaction time analysis of simple mental tasks. AciaPsychologica. 59, 227-271.

* Keywords: Individual differencesf,,tbtl resource

PerformanceTheoretical modelsWorkload

85

Roth Telephone: (49) 2203 12021OtteMelterHaufier

Personalstammamt der BundeswehrLeitender PsychologeMudra-KaserneKolner Strafle 262D-5000 K61n 90West Germany

* Performance Measures: Ability and knowledge tests, rating procedures in situational tests. essaytests, and sport exams are used for personnel selection.

" Normative Data Base: A database exists of hundreds of military job and training candidates. 17-24years old.

" Test Validation: Concurrent validity, first results in the field of predictive validity (course of

studies results as criterion); meta-analyses (in the future)

" Testing Protocol: Paper-pencil, computer-assisted tests are used, (omputerized adaptive test-ing will be used in the nineties.

* Test Equipment: ZAK analyzer, Kaiser optical mark reader, paper-pencil workstation

planned: computer workstation, computer assisted testing: IBM AT/03, P'standard software (eg. SPSS. WORDSTAR)

" Theoretical Background: Theories of intelligence (Jiiger. Pawlik). of personality (Murray. Catiell.Eysenck)

* Relevant Publications: -Otte, R. (1987) Die Methodik zur Priifung von Offizierbewerbern. In:Sehuler. H.. Stehle. W. (Hrsg.). Assesment center als Methode der Per.,on-alentwicklung. Verlag fir angewandte Psychologie. Stuttgart. S, 78-98

" Keywords: Individual Differences Personnel Selection

Rothengatter, J.A. Telephone: (31)50-63677850-636780

Traffic Research CentreState University of GroningenBox 699750 AB HarenThe Netherlands

" Performance Measures: Reaction tasks, adaptive control tasks, sinmlated driving tasks, and real road

driving tasks are used to identify factors that affect ability to perform drivingand cycling tasks.

" Normative Data Base: Limited, in particular related to elderly. Size: 120. Hardware: IBMPC or

CDC. Software: SPSS

" Test Validation: Yes, laboratory tasks against real road tasks, and real road tasks againstaccident involvement.

* Testing Protocol: Tests are given under laboratory and real road conditions.

" Test Equipment: LSI 11/73 for adaptive tracking control. and laboratory tests. LSI 11/23 for

real road driving. Software: Owinn Fortran 77.

" Theoretical Background: Risk compensation strategy.

" Rn, ,auc Publications: -Wolfelaar, P.C. van, Rothengatter, J.A.. Brouwer, W.H. (1987) Compensa-

tion strategies of elderly car drivers. Contemporary Ergonomics.

" Keywords: Individual differencesPersonality factorsRisk takingTask analysis

Roufs, J.A.J. Telephone: (31)40-472485

86

Boachman, M.C.Institute for Perception Research (IPO)Den Dolech 2 - 5612 AZ EindhovenPO Box 513 - 5600 MB EindhovenThe Nethtrlands

e Performance Measures: Search velocity. identification, legibility and reading comfort of text n)It vi-sual display units, contrast, contrast polarity, btackgrountd level. Blandwidth,colour and character font being the parameters.

* Normative Data Base: Data are stored on V.AX Systems.

" Test Validation: Yes, visual fyornfort has been scaled. saccadic length anti fixatiotn (locationhas been mneasured. The correlation coefficiettt is 11.9.

" Testing Protocol: Search of target symbol in nonsense tevt V;-ual corrifui is scaledl. Evcmovemients are recorded (saccades; and fixation' duoratiotn registered)l. erro'r,are measured and velocity is determtined.

" Test Equipment: Gould DeAnza 8400 imtage processor. Micro VAX 11. (onrac 240)). SRI1-Eyetracker attached to P857.

" Theoretical Background: Reading theory, Infortmation theory. Scalitng theory. & Pcerilplieral visual pro-cessing

" Relevant Publications: -Roofs. J.A.J.: Leerinakers, M.AN).: Buschmnan. M.C.: Knave. 1).(;. . "Cri-

teria for the subjective qtuality of visual display units". Work writh damplayunits '86. Eds. B., Wideback. Northl Holland.-Houfs. J .A.J.: Bosclouan. C:Leernnakers, M.A.M. VAisqal comfortas criterion for designing ilisplaY units". Human computer jttvrrv-tion:psychonomie aspects. Eds.. v-an der VePer/Mulder. Springer V'erlag.

" Keywords: Individual differencesNormative performance mecasuresPerformancePh5ysio, Perform. Meas.Theoretical models

Rozeboom, R.M. Telephoune: 1:51170-492139Rameckers, F.Andriesse, P.S.

Ministry of DefenceBehavioral Sciences DepartmentDivechrate RNLAF/PERSONNELP0 Box 207032500 ES The HagueThe Netherlands

*Performance Measures: Intelligence. apt ittle. attd lpersotalitv.

* Normative Data Base: A database of 4000 sutbjects exists ont a Siemtets tmain fratne with 5 1

i5 5

software (on IBM TS() operatilog sysicut.

" Test Validation: Validat ion ntly for pilot -l)((ulatiott against single pass-fail (rint ria..

" Testing Protocol: Patper and pencil. appsaratus. and interview.

* Test Equipment: Imtpjlemtentatin select inn flight imiulat or comptu~tter assisted test jog.

" Theoretical Background: Standard intelligence. apt itude(. atnd persotality tests. wit h thIe well-knows

thetoretical background for Defense Mochtan isti Test. 1 'ercetiitee ated

Psychoanalysis.

" Relevant Publications: No pliclations stupplied.

" Keywords: Focused attention

Personality factorsPersonnel selectionSelective attention

87

Salame, P. Telephone: (33) 828.6i7.83lCNRS/IIIISLaboratoire de Physiologie et. de Psychologie Environneglentales21, rue B~ecquerel67087 STRASBOURG CEDEXFrance

* Performance Measures: Speed and accuracy in RT tasks, Errors in visual STNM or Free recall task,.& Speed and accuracy in ii! tal Ait hinet irs are useil to asses, thes effect1of ambient Noise and U'nat tended Speech oil l'erforinianres.

* Normative Data Base: No informat ion supplied.

* Test Validation: All tests are commnon in t he licers? br

* Testing Protocol: Eit her independent groups of mnixed groups.

* Test Equipment: lionie-tuade inicro-cttmputirized tests. Amblienit tnise, are prodmieil Imeans of classical tape recortders. 11I\M AT compilat ible vomputien will vvn-tually lte used, possibly with (GENSTAT N' Software for stat ist it.

e Theoretical Background: Acotust ic coding of visual iniformnation itt iittudiut e tteuttrv a it tin lie wink-ing mtemtory franiework.

9 Relevant Publications: -1taddelay A.D. (1974Il The 'svchltogv oif Nl~iiorv.

* Keywords; Etnvironmental strressors lWorkl iadPerftormanceSelective atitntiort

Strcuioe effectsTheoretical rnodicl,

Sanders, A.F. Teleione: 119) 211 8060112Debus, 0.

lost ittit ffur PsycltologieRWTH Aachen

,higerstraBe 17/19)D-51001 AachenWest (Gertttaniv

" Performance Measures: Basic and apptlied researcht is tdone Ott hitto1at itiformuationt processintg itch-auutsits in percelt tal-niotor pterformnie.

" Normative Data Base: No databtase has bteen established.

" Test Validation: The tests have not been validatetd.

" Testing Protocol; Ntt specific protocols are iised since patramteters are t'xttritientallv varied.

" Test Equipment: PDP 11-23 is used with tests of the futnctiounal visual fieltd; Dublie eve ttove-mntt systemn; Fitts motor performance etquipmtet Taskttttiat

* Theoretical Background: Discrete processing stages. resource theory. utanual contrtl hettor. stresstheory

" Relevant Publications: -Sanders. A.F. (1983) Towards a nmodel otf stress and huumn ptfortuattce.Arta Psychologica. 53, 60-91

" Keywords: Divided Attention Risk TakingEnvironmental Stressors, Selective AttentionFocused Attention Task Analyxtis,

Mental Re.o,,s Task Competition

Performance Theoretical MoidelsPhysio. Perform. Meas. lWorkloadReiponse Competition

Savelsbergh, G.J.P. Telepholne: (31 )20-5i485771IFree Universitylitterfacult), Humaan %Inict Sieices

De iBoelelaam 10811081 liV AMSTEII)MdThe Netherlands

" Performance Measures: Eyte and head ttnventent, are itser]it n :teastire act ive search behavior.

" Normative Data Base: No inorniat ion supp lied.

" Test Validation: %Measiuring of spatial oritt at ili.

. Testing Protocol: Localizatioii 'imk.

" Test Equipment: Apple IeI

" T'heoretical Background: Thle coinictioni lo(etxei aeqjiir''d patial iloc::ia:iou and 1

hiii ptrfi-(initric I

" Relevant Publications:-LclijgEeoetetit iIde fN rul- ec iItitel

" Keywords: I'd" it tcd tri

Schaaf'stal, A Te (31)5,II~3-37,11t75T',*I. Applied Itesear. Ij.O. liox 671

75W1 All Entschede

" P~erformtance Meeasures: 'ri il-ilitelo 01liir- ;11111 ;111'cs 11(( It',- IV(" sh-iatt

" Normative Data Base: N"

" Test Validation: No

" Testing Protocol: No iti fir:ini: ion siwif c(I

" Test Equipment: N., illioll:,:::iii '1iii fio

" Thbeoretical Background: Co'gtii Ice l'vi~ig- tiiecsiliiiibt io: Ioli iI-- litluteli--,

(;1.1 Anlerson- ii. Siijioi

" Relevant Publications: III licepal mrs1

" Keywords: ArD, nja,,n

7fink alipi7tio, (t cii 1tod

Schialk. M. Teleliotie: :3111 -3,i77i ITill:.icg hluini, volr Aciliist-le st ,iliesSt at altisstmrat 19

50U:3 EA nuwwlili;

rhe Net iterlatils

*Performance Measures: a~,ki-ssitsitsaltt*sn i: isfachot. pI)sotiiatt i alI~ l

roitiplaitit ar, ime ill lookitig fir i-atls oif aits~teeistn.

*Normative Data Base: No

IL__________

" Test Validation: Not Yet

" Testing Protocol: Quest ionncair,,s. regist rat ion svYst cins ( sikness tat ist ics/acsetccscc

" Test Equipment: No iucforcccatio suppcliedaN.

" Theoretical Background: \Iicliigao Irvs. ccccccli.

" Relevant Publications: NO p)UhliCationLS Skplici~.

" Keywords: Envicroccoroltal xctrssors

P'rscczcilty factorsStrcosor lffert,Wfrklocd

Scheiblechner. H. Tlephonet ccccccclcrno iplcFB I'sycholccgieUi tversitact .\arccrgGri cceclergst cassc' ItSD-3550) %larigWVest (ecccaccc

* Performance Measures: No iccfcrccatio upplt e

" Normative Data Base: Ncc jccfcc-rcatol cc; clclclicc

" Test Validation: Ncc icfccrilcatil c;Scupcpl ied

* Testing Protocol: Noc iccfccrccatio icc;

" Test Equipment: Ncc ;'ccccccat il lpl'

" Theoretical Background: Ncc infiicat ccc uppc~lied

" Relevant Publications: NOc ;ccilicat iccic Sucppliedt

" Keywords: Tlccccrttrod; ccocl.c

Schick, F.V. 'Fetlcicccc (4!) -Y3 l-395tFV 113

itcotilcd ffur FIccgfiihicncgFlcighafet;1)-3300 lrainsclcweigVWrA I erociatry

* Performance M~easures: Huicat jcerfccrcoane is Onec Ofccc' cc l iaticcc inc addlitioncTo ta cc o

;cIns tiaccilce) systelii pctrfriac. opletatocr ccccrklccai ancc ac"CeIctalicc. %%; Ihstuies in thtis context perforcaice nccocrvs are typically cot Ob~tainedc frontctccrcc-bacced tests. butt Iriin specifica~lly clefiiccl aslcect ocf task cccipilcct ce.g. the cievial ccl frocnt a pcrescribced flight plath.

" Normative Data Base: Noc iiiforccatioc suippliedi

" Test Validation: No itiforinacticcc sccplihecl

* Testing Protocol: No icifcrniaticcc sucppliedl

* Test Equipment: Noc itifccrniahion supplied

90)

" Theoretical Background: No information supplied

" Relevant Publications: No publications supplied

* Keywords: Performance

Workload

Schiflett, S. Telephone numtber not sup~pliedStorm, W.Lewis, N.Dowd, P.

U S Air Force School of Aerospace MedicineCrew Performance Laboratories

Brooks AFB, Texas 78235 Btt l e i intssevrnaitlrsac EUnited States of America

e Performance Measures: Drug and stressor effects ace mniasuredl by flac P'erfociiatse Asses~sii.1t

t asks).

e Normative Data Base: Yes, reliability for tle CTS on thle C otim~odore. for the APTS Oil Oil N[ Ut*and for the I TC-PAB onl IBM atnd comnpatibe

* Test Validation: Yes: reliabilty for ble ( TS1 Ii tiversit v of 0kiaflonol) fOr Ite AU'TS

sex C orp. Orlando. Ffa. ), and for PETER (Naval Bofdvoyatois New,Orleans. La.)

- Testing Protocol: Alttitude. (;-Forces (acceleca on). "patial disorientatmu IO lY poxia. ~IXoperations double-fulitnd, placebo controlled. repeath if itaIlres for i-elietnica defence ret11 real iieit drugs & sleel) iii olcers.

e Test Equipment: CTS Commodore

ArTs - NECI TC-PAB - 111S. roipa:ible

e Theoretical Background: Too totiniecous

* Relevant Publications: -P'ETER- (1986i) I'relftull: H Moftor Sktill.. 638. 683-708.-APTS - (1986ii Tech. Itept. # 86i- 4. Essex I V. Fll,

* Keywords: Derisioni making ;trcsslor fet

Divided atIC'in ill IIII kliiad

Mcta rfs ucr

lhlymol. Pierformt. ?ifes..

Schlegel, R.E. 'relvllil ll H) 40-32.5-3721School of lmillst rial EntginieeritngI :diversitv of OkdlhomaNorman. Okla. 73019United States of Amterica

* Performance Measures: Tile C riterionl Task Set (T S) is itseil for woirkloadl lIvit i tatllarhizat 1,11sod evaloiation. a~s well as iati~ task evaluat ioi. The llf)'r ork~loaassessmienit test (SWAT) is usedI (o ileefiii 1: evaltiate sull lit ive w-orkliiadmeasures.

* Normative Data Base: D~ata o)0 all CTS perfiirmiance variabiles. aliiil iilivig SWAT andi itidividul)differentce tieasures for t rainling. biaselinie, sleep loss. tnoise anti iaffeitte st res-

are stored oitt IBM '10181 wit I SAS dlata sits.

" Test Validation: There is a subject l)oputlat i of 1501.

" Testing Protocol: F~ive-day f--itintg & basselitti ierfirtlatiie fiillliaiif li stirssiir elfI i efoiriatce.

" Test Equipment: Commtoidore f64

91

" Theoretical Background: See Shingledecker (l1985) AMRI1. techi repo t.

" Relevant Publications: -Siiegel. R.E.. et a]. (1986) of tile Criterion Ta,-k 'So et'rforrriali'e DataBase. Proceedings of the 30th Annual Human Factors Soc iety (onfcrr~m'n.

Dayton. Ohl.-G;illiland. K. et al. (1986) Indlividual Differences in Criterion Task Set Perforroance. Proceedings of the 30th Annual Human Factors Soc ntg (onf-

ence. Dayton. Oil.-Schlegel. R.E. (1986) Developmrent of ant Opt imal Testinog Prot ocol for thleUSAF Criterion Task Set (CTS). Final Scientific Report. S('EEE-84 RIP 47.Southeastern Center for Electrical Engineering Education. St. Clould. Fla.-Gilliland. K. & Schlegel. R.E. (1986) Evaluation of the Criterion Task Set follDrug alad stress Research. Final Report. SCEEE-AlIB/85-62, SoutheasternC'enter for Electrical Engineering Education. St. (Cloud. Fla. arid ArmnstronigAerospace Medical Research Lahoratory. Wright- Pattecsou AFB. Ofti.-Schlegel, R.E. & Shingledecker. C.A. (1985) Trainin'g Characteristics of theCriterion Task Set Workload Assessment Battery. Proccedings of the 29thAnnual Human Factors Society Conferrence. Baltlimore. Md.-Shritgledecker. C.A. & Schnlegel. R.E. (1985) A Resource Theoretical TaskBattery for Workload and Humnan Performatnce Research. Proceedings of th,9th Congress of the International Ergonomnics .4ssociation. Bounrnemnouth.Eng.

* Keywords: Inditcidual differenaces WorkloadMental resourcesPerformance

Personalty factors

Strcss oe effects

Schmitt. A. (See, Alsele-Breinn page 1)

Schneider, H. (See Perrez. page 80)

Schneider, W. Telephone: (1 Z-ti24-71LRDC Bldg.3939 O"Hara St.Pittsburg. Pa 15260United States of America

" Performance Measures: Secondary tasks and siilliect ive ratings.

" Normative Data Base: No

" Test Validation: No

e Testing Protocol: By cormput er. using search arid prolem solving procedunres.

" Test Equipment: i 13M Pt. rising Mieno Extierirrieit al Labr. fly l'svilologs Soft% war, I'o'Pinttsburg. PA

" Theoretical Background: Aunoynat ic/cont ml processing t hency Shiffrin AScliciter. 1977. Schneiidrr1985.

* Relevant Publications: -Fisk andI Schneider 1984-Schnteidler arid Fisk 1982. 1983. 1984-Schneider arid Detweiler 187

" Keywords: Divided attention Wlorkload

Focused attenrtion

Mental resourcesSelective attentionTheoretical models

952

Schoeffel, R. Telephone: (49) 431 5431Elselt, W.

SchilfMedlnstMKopperpahier Allee 120D-2300 Kiel 17West Germany

*Performance Measures: Detection rate of radar (sonar) signals is used for estimation of vigilant'e

a Normative Data Base: No

e Test Validation: No

* Testing Protocol: Test is administered on a computer: registration of performance mneasure-ment follows "on line'

* Test Equipment: APPLE-lI and simulated Radar(Sonar) monitor: int-house developed software

* Theoretical Background: Signal detection theory

- Relevant Publications: -Green.D.M. & Swets-J.A. (1966). Signal Detection Theory and P.sy-chophysics. New York: Wiley.-Mackie,R1.R. (Ed.)(1977). Vigilance. New York: Plenum Press.-SandersAF. (1971). Psyrhaloyic der !nformations- rerarbeitung. B~ern: flua-tber.

e Keywords: Divided AttentionEnvironmental StressorsFocused AttentionPersonality Factors

Y Personnel SelectionSelective Attention

Schoenakers, E. (see 0 Hanlon -page 78)

Schomaker, L. (See Thomassen, p~age 102)

Schoonman, W. (See Flier. van der. page 30)

Schreuder, R. (See Dyks~ra. page 22)

Schroder, A. (See Abele-lBrehm. page 1)

Schuler, H. Telephone: (49)- 71 1-4592654Funke, U.

('hair of PsychologyInstitute 430University of HohienheintP'.O. Box 71105620-7000 Stuttgart 70West Germany

*Performance Measures: C'ognitive abtility tests anti intstrumnttts for assessing romltex probhlemn solving

abilities will tbe econstrmeteed and validated tttr t he putrpose' ttf tdeveloptingselectieot bat tery fttr inedtst rial research and development personnel.

93

* Normative Data Base: 5(00 researchers and] engineers in 6 big Gtrmnan couipanies R&MI) depart -

ntents)

* Test Validation: Construct ion and validation of tests will take place in 1988.

" Testing Protocol: Paper-pencil as well as cotiuter tests

" Test Equipment: IBM AT/03 with ijeroCAT software for iteto presenttation. i, inoainfrattteand SPSSX 2.1 for data analysis

" Theoreticai Background: Cognitive psychology, intelligence. attt creat ivitv

" Reievant Publications: In preparationt

" Keywords: Individual differencesPersonality factors

Personnel selct ionTask analysis

Schiltte, M. Telephone: (,19)-231-1(184:377Institut ftir Arbeitsphysiologiean der lUniversitiit DortinutidAbt. Ergortonfie

Ardeystr. 67D-4600t DtorttnuttdWest Germiany

*Performance Measures: Three tests are tusetd: 1) iotor tests 2) LILUMOD: subjective est itnat e ofstraint attd 3) Test d-2

* Normative Data Base: Norms (to exist for the miotor tests. N=258 for ItLU*MOD rating scale. andtest d-2 has age- atid sex-specific ttoruis.

" Test Validation: The tnotor tests have fare validity. BLUMOI) is used itt situations with highitiforniat ion load. See toantial (llricketipi. 1972) for test d-2.

" Testing Protocol: Motorische Priiserie tiart Srltoppe ('01S) Ilocacci-Test. paper, and pencils.

" Test Equipment: No ittfortttatiott supplied

" Theoretical Background: Cootpensat ion btehaviotur tt st ress situnatiotns atitl at tent ion = ability to dis-

tingttish: between: (visutal)I simnilar details

" Relevant Publications: -Schoppe. 1(1. (1974): Das MLS-Gcriit. Ein netter Tcstaptparat zur Messtung

feitttnttorischer Leist t:ngen. Dtaynosttica 201. 43-46i- Brickettlonop, H.- (1972): Test t12: Auiftuerksaittke its- [lelast ntgs-Tt(st.

fiogrefe: Gottingen

" Keywords: Fotcused AttentionWorkload

Schwartz, E. Telephottne: -49)22013-6013 169DFVLI4Itist it ut finr Fingittediziti(inst it ute for Aerttspace Metdicitne)

Lintder fIn heD-5000 Kiiln 90West Germany

e Performance Measures: iT, response tuiber, errotr percentage. 1 tsyclttottr arcttracy. evttktet po-tetials. sleep) EEG. hteart rate. ltiletttiral paranteters, attd stubjective rat -igs are ttsetd to ttteasure lterfttrtnance.

9 Normative Data Base: Data base is stttall (dtte to the stttall satnitle pttpulatitons.

94

" Test Validation: In most cases, validation is part of the research.

" Testing Protocol: Simulation and field experiments: paper-pencil: all,] cojniputer-ba,,ed temtitig

" Test Equipment: Various simulation facilities are used. incluin~itg sleep lab, altitude chlaull)(r.diving simulator, centrifuge, tilt table. rotatitng chair. and the LENP-Ibnxare usedi. along with a MicroVAX. PDP-li. Ar. (COMMODORIE 128. AlsfELTEC

" Theoretical Background; Measuring and mnininmizing environmental effects such as time shifts,. irregularwork, high pressure, drugs. etc. onl health or jot) performance

" Relevant Publications: -Klein. K.E. & Wegmnann, H.M. (1980) Sinfcneif(ralaifhyt fins. illAerospace Operations. A GARDograptt No. 247. Neuilly-Sur-Seine. NATO-AGARD-liordiosky, JR. etal. (1982) Relative Efficacy of the Proposed Space SluttleAntimotion Sickness Medications. Arts Astronaut. 9. (6-7): 37:5-383-Wegmann. et a). (1986) Sleep. Sleepiness, and Circadian Rhyt hmnicitY illAircrews Operating on '17ransatlantic Routes. .4eiat. Spac. L'nriron. Med..

57 (12 sup.); 1353-1364* Keywords: Environmental Stressors

PerformnancePhysio. Perform. Meas.Stcessor EffectsTask AnalysisWorkload

Seifert, K.H. Telephone: (431l-7312-2323181221Institut fuir Piidagogik und i'sycholugieUniversity of Linz. AustriaA-4040 LinzAustria

" Performance Measures: Mainly career maturity inventories

" Normative Data Base: No information supplied

" Test Validation: No information supplied

* Testing Protocol: No information supplied

" Test Equipment: No information supplied

" Relevant Publications: No publications supplied

" Keywords: Decision makingIndividual differences

Shively, R. (See Hart, page 43)

Sny1ders, C.J. Telephsone: (31)101-4635071Riel, M.P.J.M. vanEgeraat, J.M. vc-i

95

Erasmus University Rotterdam. Faculty of MedicineDept. of Medical TechnologyP.O. Box 17383000 DR RotterdamnThe Netherlands

over periods of eight hours or tmore. Analysis of umiscle cont rol tod( p,r-

fornance by means of bionicllanical mneasuremnlts. inathleniat ical 1110(111 hg

and computer simulation.

" Normative Data Base: No

* Test Validation: Present research aims at validation of new mlethlods fo~r prac ticalptp-s

" Testing Protocol: Location-dependent (Lab or field tests)

* Test Equipment: Kib ler force plate. acceleromjeters. lllsit iou/angle tranlsducIers. I igit al ium-age analysis/processing. Medilog data recorders, PDP 11t/731 +dedicated

software/ PC + Asystant plus. Asyst. dledicated software.

" Theoretical Background: Theoretical background is developed in anl iteractive prlocl'5 of perforhlanle

tests and] computer simnulat ion/naolelling. conthined with II '-i''th'' litorattire in the appropriate fields of research.

" Relevant Publications: -Snyders. C.. van Riel. \l.1.,lM. and Nordini. Ml. (ontznou (1 o i' 151

ments of spine ,novrlnns in normal lurkiny . toatioi (sic r pc ri,, ofhours or more". In print.

-vani Egeraat . I.M. abnd CJ.. Snders: -The signilicazsl. of the third time

derivative of muscle lengthI in muscle rout rol-part 11".

" Keywords: Individual dtffecre, 7a.4 aodylgi,

Performance It orkloaI

Personnel sclection Th orctical rood, I,.Vorinatier performlance lmlcaolrcs

Physjio. Perform. Meas.

Snyder, H.L. Telephone: (1) 70)3-961-5635Dryden, R.D. (Price. D.L.)

Kemnmerling Jr., P.T.Kroemer, K.H.E.Price, D.L.Casali, J.G.Wierwille, W.W.Willeges, R.C.

Virginia TechH-uttatn Factors Engineering C'enter

302 WhittemoreBlacksburg, VA 24061Utuited States of America

e Performance Measures: Psychophysical. physiological, and psychological llleasunl arc, usedl foirvc-

se'arch in rehabilitatloll enginleerinlg. vehlicle' analysis aid simu~llatlonl. aulllior.

systems, humian-comiputer interaction1. safety, llislllaY. andl variable's sitIit,

alcohol, heat, and colld.

* Normative Data Base: No

e Test Validation: Yes-, simulator lm'asures of dri ring havec been validate I'lly in'il5I11c 1.I ;, 1m

driving

" Testing Protocol: Both laboratory and tield t esting is dolne'. inludlsing somle pap('r and~ pencil

tests. I 'sually direct tlleasllres (If pe(rformlatnce, suhl as psvrllolllltor skills.are taken tutnder a variety llf treatmllent condlitio11s

" Test Equipment: Virginia Tec'h all facilities

* Theoretical Background: Thle barkgrounsl itncludles variouis sources

96

" Relevant Publications: -Casali. J.G. & Wierwille. W.W. (1983) A comparison oif rating scale'. sec-ondary task, physiological, and primary task workload estimation techn(luesi1'in a simtulated] flight task emiphasizing commnunicat ions load. Human Fac-tors. 25. 623-641-Kroeiner, K.H.E. (1986) Engineering Attthroponietry. Chapter in Hand-book of Human Factors/Frgonomic. G. Salvenidy (Ed.). New York. NYWiley-Snyder. H .L. (1973) Imiage quality and operator performnice. C hapter 11in Perception of displayed information. LAI. Bibermnan (Ed-). New York:Plenlun-Wierwille, V. W.. et al. (1985) Evaliuat ion of the sensitivity and intrusionof mental workload evaluation techniques. In: Advances in Man-MachineSystems Research. Volume IL. WI]. Rouse (Ed.). Greenwichi, Connecticut:JAI Press. 51-127-Willeges. R.C.. et al. (1986) Software interface designi. In: Handbook ofHuman Factors. G. Saivciiiy (Ed.). New York: Wiley

" Keywords: Decision making Response competitionDivided attention Risk takingFocused attention Selective attention

Individual dtfferences Stressor effectsMental resources Task analysis

Normative perform. measourel'ask competitionPersonality factors Workload

Physio. Perform. Meas.

Sdmen, H. D. Telephonie: (49) 89 57911969

TiiV Bayern e.V.Instil ut fuir VerkeltrsiclierlieitWestendstralie 19980010 Miinchen 21West Germnty

* Performance Measures: Car drivers are exatmined by means of the psychological test, fronm the ACTa.REACT TESTSYSTEMl - ART-91t. iticluiding: attention under condition.,of monotony (Q I): focal at tent ion and llexiliilits' of attention (FAT): choicereaction time split ittto central nervous prioiessitng antI motoric reaction timie(DR2): capacity to react under conditions of varying load IRST3): capac-ity to perform correct successions of reactions under the condition of freechoice of working speed (SET3): visual perception: speed and accuracywhtetn structuring sim,'le visual tasks (LL5): traffic-specific percep~tion: de-tailed perception of briefly presented complex traffic situations (TTI5): pe-ripheral perception while performing a simple central tracking task (PVT):cottplex tracking-conditions involving the espacity of eye-hand. foot coordi-nation (CORT): visual mettory: reproditction o~f a)"trsct geometrical fig,-tires (GEMAT): ability to perceive aml] estimate the spiced of nmovitng objects(DEST): non-verbal intelligence (M30): risk-takittg (FPF): personality fac-tors (8 PF); traffic specitic' attitude (VIP) see also Bakasa. B./ Risser. R.(Ed.) Die verkehr-spsychologisichen Verfahren mi H ahmni (lec- Faltreiginitgs-diagnostik. Kleine Fachhachreihe des KfV. Bd. 23. Literas-Verlag. Wien1985

* Normative Data Base: See Risser. K., Wenninger. U. (1983) 'otniputvr-gestiitztes Testet in Rahnmeitier Fatireigniingsdiagnostik (ACTREACT-Test-systemt ART-90). KleinteF'achbuichreihe 20, Etirartocintin fifr Verkeltrssicherlieit. Wien

" Test Validation: See Risser et al. (1983) Vcelrspsycltologische Testverfahiret itd Kriteriendes Fahrverltaltens. Kurat orium fiir Verkehirssicherhcit. Wietn

" Testing Protocol: The tests are given by a writtent instruction onl a tmontitor.

" Test Equipment: See "Normative Data Base"

" Theoretical Background: "Test Validation' and "Nornmative Data Base".

" Relevant Publications: See 'Test Validation" atid "Normtative Data Base"

97

o Keywords: Focused Attention Personnel SelectionIndividual Differences Risk TakingNormative Perform. Meas. Selective AttentionPerformance

Sonnentag, S. (See Erke, page 26)

So:., M. van (See Dj~khuis. page 21)

Spekreyse, H. Telephone: (31)20-5664583

The Netherlands Ophthalmic Research InstituteDept. of Visual Systems AnalysisP.O. Box 121411100 AC Amsterdam-ZuidoostThe Netherlands

" Performance Measures: Visual fatigue caused by prolonged use of visual display units.

" Normative Data Base: Not yet

" Test Validation: Yes, the amplitude of the evoked potential seems to change in time in relationto the prolongation of reaction time while keeping the performance level ofthe task constant.

" Testing Protocol: Contrast evoked potentials.

* Test Equipment: No information supplied.

" Theoretical Background: It is well-known that the anplitude of the contrast EP reduces with disac-

commodation and that variability in accommodation increase with overallfatigue. So. the amplitude reduction of the contrast EP might be used as ameasure of fatigue.

" Relevant Publications: No publications supplied.

" Keywords: Physio. Perform. Meas.

Workload

Stare, H. (See Bogaard, page 8)

Steiner, G. Telephone: (41)-61-256586• Perrig, W.

SW.University of Basel

Department of PsychologyBernoullistrasse 14CH-4056 BaselSwitzerland

" Performance Measures: Intelligence scales(cognitivc capacities), imagery vividness and control (vi-

sual information processing), VVIQ. GTVIC

" Norma .ve Data Base: No

" Test Validation: Yes, but not by ourselves

" Testing Protocol: Usual IQ-tests. imagery :joe-tiounaires

" Test Equipment: Data processing on PDP I I

98

* Theoretical Background: Cognitive psychology and human informnat ion processi ng

" Relevant Publications: *Froschl. Th, (1985) Interferenzen von Vorstellungen und Wahrnehmungen.Dissertation Wiirzburg/Basel-Bischof, K. (1986) Individuelle Unterschiede beim visuelleti Vorstellen. Dis-sertation Zurich/Basel

" Keywords: Divided attention Task analysisFocused attention Task competitionIndividual differences Theoretical modelsPhysia. Perform. Meas.Selective attention

Stern. J.A. Telephone: (1) 314-621-4211(1) 314-889-6505

Washington UniversityBehavior Research Laboratory at MBMHC1420 GrattanSt. Louis, MO 63104United States of America

*Performance Measures: Physiological measures such as: Electroencephalographic (evoked potential.etc.). Oculotnetric (Saccadvs. Blinks). and Heart (rate, variability) are used.

* Normative Data Base: No infortmation suppllied1.

" Test Validation: There has been replication itt other lab~s & simulation facilities.

" Testing Protocol: The protocol for the lab tasks include: the Sternberg Menmorv Task. Vig-ilance Tasks, and Visual Scannting Tasks. There is tno formtal protocol forsimulations.

" Test Equipment: PDP 11/23+ VAX 750,. MICROVAX Lab

" Theoretical Background: No information supplied.

" Relevant Publications: -Stern. J.A. and Skelly. U.. The eye blink atid workload consideration. Int:Proceedings of the Human Factors Society, m?8th Annual Meeting, 1984, SanitaMonica. CA: Human Factors Society. pp. 942-44-Goldstein, R., Walrath, L.C'., Stern. J.A. and Strock. B.D. Blink Activityiii a Discriminmation task as a functiotn of stimulus modality and scltedile ofpresentation. Psychophysiology. 1985, 22. 6i29-35-Baumer. L.O.. Strock. BD.. Goldstein. R.. Stern. 1A. and Wairaill. L.C.(1985) Auditory discrimination and the eyeblink. Psychophysiology, 22. 636-41-B. L.., Walratli. L.C.. Gross. l., James, B.. and Stern. 1.A. (1986) A comt-parison of saccade evoked potentials recorded duiring reading anit trackingtasks. Physiology and Behavior. 37. 527. :32-Lobb, M.L. and Stem. 1A. (1986) Patterni of eyelid motion predictive ofcdecisiotn error, duritig drowsiniess: ocutlomnotor indices of altered states. [nt-ternational Journal of Neurosciencc. 301. 17-22-Batuer. L.O., Goldstein. R.. and Stern. 1A. Effects of informnationt process-ing detnds on phtysiological response pat terns. (itt press. Human FactorsJournal, 1987)

" Keywords: Mental resourcesPhysio. Perform. Meas.Selective attention

Steyvers, F. Telephone: (31)13-669111Tilbturg University. The Netherlandsllogesehoollaan 225P.O. Boxa 901535000 LE TilburgThe Netherlanss

99

9 Performance Measures: Reaction time and performance assessment during sleep deprivation in choicereaction tasks. In the task. variables are manipulated, such as signal quality.S-R compatibility, time uncertainty and knowledge of results.

* Normative Data Base: No

" Test Validation: Not yet

" Testing Protocol: The experiments are given by means of a computer system.

" Test Equipment: DEC PDP 11/73, 11/23, Matrox QRGB-Graphics. VAX/VMS for data eval-uation and statistics.

" Theoretical Background: A model of performance: Sanders, A.F. (1983) in Acta Psychologica.

* Relevant Publications: -Sanders. A.F. (many publications)-Steyvers, F.J.J., The influence of sleep deprivation and knowledge of resultson perceptual encoding. Submitted to Arta Psychologica

" Keywords: Environmental ,stressorMental resourcePerformanc .Stressor effectsTheoretical models

Stone, G. (see Gabriel, page 34)

Storm, W. (See Schiflett, page 90)

Strong, R. Telephone: (44) 705-822351 Xt: 41315Institute of Naval MedicineCrescent RoadAlverstokeGosport, Hants P012 2PLUnited Kingdom

" Performance Measures: Attention, simple, choice. and serial RT. tracking, metnory, visual and ttemt-

ory search, verbal reasoning, mathematical processing. Stroop, pattern tneni-ory and comparison, two & six letter search (Folkard). and coding tasks areused to evaluate anti-emetic drugs and work/rest schedules.

" Normative Data Base: No

" Test Validation: No in-house validation

" Testing Protocol: Practice varies from 1-4 days (6-8.5 hr per (lay): typically 6 4-nin tests: trialduration 2 days - 3 weeks. 3-8 testing sessions per day; within-Ss design

" Test Equipment: Corvus Constellation I1 network support ing Apple Ile. Stand-alone Apple lie(Basic software)

" Theoretical Background: Atheoretieal

" Relevant Publications: None

" Keywords: Decision makingEnvironmental stressorsFocused attention

Worklo :d

Swets-Gronert, F.A. Telephone: (3i1(30-935141

100t

NcGv (Nederlands centrum Geestelyke volksgezondheidDa Costakade 453502 JC UltrechtThe Netherlands

* Performance Measures: Temnperamnt in young children is measutred for research alitl trac t ical purc-pose. (children's mental health, Well Baby clinics. Daycare ceniters)

e Normative Data Base: No

* Test Validation: Validation by F.A. Swets-Gronert (1986)

* Testing Protocol: Not for testing. Assessment.

* Test Equipment: No information supplied.

* Theoretical Background: Temperament theory in psyclto-patliological ori' ttation. Tetolpecatocotl. illparticular difficult tenmperamnent ,has been Itypot besizetl to be imptortanit inlindividual differences in personality. children s elcts nit adult socializationt

agents, and the early origins of childhtood behavioral problems.

* Relevant Publications: - Temperament. Iaa csenpetcntir cn ycdray~problprnc ran jsnjc Ktriderti(Swets-Gronert, F.A., Lisse: Swets & Zt'itlingcr 1986i)

* Keywords: Individual differenres

Taylor, B. (See Courtright. page 16)

Teipel, D. Telephlonte: (491 '221 4982550Psychologsces Institut

Deutsche Sport horhaclule (DSH) K6iCarI-Dieni-Weg 41D-5000l Kolrt 41West Gernmany

" Performance Measures: Aptiarat ive test battery tof fllte andI grioss cooirdintat ive abilit iv I, ,st'd forthe diagnosis of specific cotordintatlve abtilit ies. Twenty-four frequienicy andItme related mecasures of performtantce iniclitte right- anid left -handted cotuictuf 6 fine aitd 6 gross cordiai ve tests (.steadiness. t appitng. aiiiig, t racintg.hand dlexterity. tpursuit rostor)

" Normative Data Base: The tdatabase consists of:101 miale aiti 60t fentale st udenits of tihirsical '-dii-

cat ion: 150 utersonts it) 8 age groups (Ill to 8:3 years) A ty ber 76 cttlitr

twith ((PSS software is tusedl." Test Validation: ( oritent-analYt ic valitdatittn (tasks st eadintess. t racitig ill rifle shooutters atiii

fetncers). C'nstrutct validity: performtance dlifferenices tiewecit differenit age,

groups: cotrrelatittn btetweent task, of test (tatt try andl tasks if ttudY coordhi-

ntat iotn test ( KTK I inl tpupils fretni 10t tt t15 Years

" Testing Protocol: Cnutct if the filtt, antd grttss crdtinat ive test (tat tery ts a single test: spttc-ii sequence of i lle 24 tasks: tote extuerinienter thata registerel by sttecifit

cotmtputer

" Test Equipment: Fine mtor tests; I comipact tetst aptpara tus: grttss otori tests: 6 sinigle'aliparative tests: data regist rationt ly sttecific prtogramtons Co mdr 'tttttttr've

" Theoretical Background: Anal * sis of mnovemtentt regmlat ittn nit ti' basis ttfst atslarlizuh teists: amtalsisttftlte strituttre tif cootrulinita.tbilitit's: std itlytftlte cross-sectittial ulexrelj-utmt ttf cotordinmat ive abilities; port -rt'latetl aptjlicttiti f tItt', ctocuhittatiretest biattery

* Relevant Publications: -Teipel. D. (1986) Diagnostik kootruitatirt'r Fiihtigkeiucni. E-ittt Stuiit i n,Siritkturr tutu qtersctiit tlich httrachitu'tc Entwickluttg ft'imtih groltiii:-tutriscer Leisitiugeit. Kitlit: DSHS (1 :verii labilit at ittusschtrift 1.

1l

* Keywords: Individual DifferencesNormative Performance MeasuresPerformancePersonnel Selection

Tenbrigs, H. (See Thomassen, page 102)

Theunissen, T. Telephone: (31)85-521111CITO Central Institute for Educational MeasurementP.O. Box 10346801 MG ArnhenThe Netherlands

* Performance Measures: Test scores and achievement neasurclnents are used to help desigo amo-mated optimal tests,

* Normative Data Base: No information supplied

" Test Validation: No information supplied

" Testing Protocol: No information supplied

" Test Equipment: Victor V206. operations research programls

" Theoretical Background: Item response theory. operations research

" Relevant Publications: -Theunissen (1985). Psychoni trika. 50..i 1-1201-Theunissen (1986). Appl. Psych. Mca,urc. lt0

* Keywords: Individual differencesTheoretical models

Thiessen, M.S. "i",epho, iwiiiber out IGeneral DynamicsP.O. Box 748. MZ 17,.Fort Worth, TX 76101United States of America

" Performance Measures: Eye blinks are used to iiasUre visual demands in cockpit cli romiloult,Event-related potentials are used to assess pilot attention allocatiu in cock-pit environments. leart rate and variability are also measured.

" Normative Data Base: No

" Test Validation: Yes- there has been a Neuropsychological Workload Test Battery validationstudy as well as academic studies.

" Testing Protocol: The measures are recorded during performance of a mission scenario it) whichworkload is manipulated within and across missions. The use of secondarytasks (unless imbedded) is kept to a inimurn.

" Test Equipment: DEC PDP Micro-It and Flex 68020-based parallel processor.

* Theoretical Background: Event related potentials - amplitude and latency of the P300 component aresensitive to workload manipulations.Heart rate variability - The 0.1 Hz Mulder signal diminishes with increasingworkload.Eye blink measures - Blinks are inhibited during high visual task workload.

" Relevant Publications: -Neuropsychological Workload Test Battery Validation Study Final Report.AAMRL Technical Report # (not yet assigned)

102

aKeywords: Divided attentonFocused attentionAfentl resources

Ph ysi perform'tnre mecasuresWorkload

Thomassen, A.J.W.M. Tlelephone: (31 )80-512632Galen, G.P. vanPovel, D.J.Tenbrlgs, H.Menlenbrock, R.Plaats, R. van derHulstpn, W.

Catholic University NiniegenDept of Experimental PsychologyP.O. Box 91046500 HE N~tinegeiiThe Netherlands

" Performance Measures: fleictioti-and inoveltlett -t til lieasuiclllelit as well as int tioll plaainIfir-

(trajectory, velocity, acceleration I in fine and gross inot or skill.

" Normative Data Base: N ot yet

" Test Validation: Validation) is generally lackinig.

" Testing Protocol: Predominant ly in theory testing settings rat her thain indllividtual assessloicliThe latter occurs ini applied educiatilial atnd reliailitatio viii 51gs.

" Test Equipment: Seispot, Digitizing t ablet . RT apparat us %Vector General Displa * . andf a U 1)1'11/45. which will lie replaced bye a \VAX 780l atol tiicros/ ttuin is

* Theoretical Background: Testing thle presetnce of stages ill lie organizatio fl t itofr bifhioii anf1

itsdistturbance atnl testitug parallel ttiiitels of con11 tituous tasks, such as haind-writin1g.

" Relevant Publications: List availabte tupon req~uest

" Keywords: Performance Tllcretliiul rollks

Selectivec attentionTask nnua/ysxTask crn pet it ion.Nornativc perfoirmaniice rass rca

Tisserand, M. (See Nehunit. page 76)

Toemmier, K. (See ErK-. page 26)

Tfrost, G. Telephone: (49)-2281-36i3947iInstitulte for Test Developilerlt and Talent ResearchltInstitut fir Test- und Begahungsforschung)

Kohlenzer Strasse 77D-5300 Bonn 2West G;ernmany

a Performance Measures: General and special scholastic aptitude tests: ittelligetnce tests; Spiecific abiil-ity tests (e.g. spatial perceptiott, conlcettrat ion. ttennry ) biographlical (qies-tilonnaires: interviews: leader](ss groutp discussionls

* Normative Data Base: TMS: standardization tin each test ternm (N=21.IEO to 400H1(14 applicatnts)

e TPest Validation: Primlarily sunofes of predict ive validity also of current validity and. iticreas-ingly. of construct validity

1013

" Testing Protocol: Nlainly paper-pencil tests in group sessions

" Test Equipment: SIENIENS 7760,. optical mnark readler IWO 1288. (optical inark readerKAISER 40) planned): Sl'SS. F0ilTRAN-IV programns

" Theoretical Background: C'lassical test theory

" Relevant Publications: -Fey. E. (1986): Die iolle tler Povehodiagnostik bei (ter Zulassong zoniSt utitin tier fi oman-. Tier- nd Zaliittedittin. Ps ghologie and J'rari,. 30).S.6)8-76.-Trost. G. (1982): The Itole of Aptitudite Tests iii (onseling. fin: Valiotto.Nil). (Ed.): Broadening opl~portunjtcs Through Assesmnienl in Education.Int ernti ona) Associatioti for Ediicationial Assesrnient - Princetoni. N.J. S.171-193.-Trost. G .(1985): Piiagogiscia Diagtiost ik lini Hiieiishtilziigang.ilargestellt ant lBeispiel der Ziflassittg -it den niedi uinischeti Studiengangeti.In: JIdger. B S.. Horti. 1R. & ligettkainp. K. I Eds.): Test, and Trends 4.Jahrtuch drer Poidagogist-hen Diagnostik. \Xeitileitn. B3eltz . .-11-81

" Keywords: Inditvidual dtfferernes Task stislyisMenztal resourcesNorrnative performance noasor.Perforrmance

Personnel ,election

Tsang, P. J (See (ie. page 15)

'Tulen, J.H.M. Treetlote : (31)10l-6i39222Moleman, P.

l-raotiiiis tiniversitN Bitttertaiat

.Xcadetit Hlospital Dt k.iliDepartiietit if l'svt-l jt rYDr. Mfolewat erpleizi 103ti5 (;D ilotterilati

The Nethlerlantdl

" Performance Measures: A s-ilett-s-erioii if lie St ritip ( oliir-\%oc test is iisedl to invest gait- Sytiltt-

tiatlrviial acticityN tltiiigo stres

" Normative Data Base: Nio i -ftriniut supplietd.

" Test Validation: There is tit %alilatitti of tie St coop Test iii this ftriti. This teot is used as aietlst ressor andt lots liriovviii tb effec-t i as a st intilator tif sYttipat ha-

thretial activit.

* Testing Protocol: Thie vuideo versittn itf tie Stnoto, Test tresetits onie st iIitItIIs wortd per ---1.5 set-. Thli wotrd is a -itlti atdjetive (trtl. Ntoire green ttr yellttw). ratttltttiwrit ten it ote tof thbest colotrs. The stilJect's task is to igniore thle wiord antdittiiate thle tctltr withI which the atdject ive is written it ali atiuwer slit)The coltor wotrtds are also presented ni iratditi order tit the answer sheet.- A20 inin. -,ith 5i ittii. versioni if this test is bteitng uisedl

" Test Equipment: Video-recorder plus :nnititor. Cotututitter versioin itt preparat iton.

" Theoretical Background: The Stritop Test is used as a iietutal st resstc. The relationuship of poltpltys-itlihtgal toi huchtentical paiattietirs t(tiritig antxietY aiti stress is suid

" Relevant Publications: -Akerstedit. T.. et al.) 1983) (utinparistt of iurinary and plasmia catechulatititt

repotises to uietital stress. Aria Physio. Sranh. 117: 19-26.-fliettinlall P. et a].- (1984) Differettiat ed syinpatitet ic activatitn (hiringntteital stress evoked by the Stroop Test.- Arts Physio. Srand.. Suppl. 527.25-29.

" Keywords: Prcrfortnane

Physia. Perfoirm. Mes..S;tressor effects

L

104

Uytdehaage, B. (See Emmen, page 24)

Vaiti, D. Telephone: (49)- 641-7025416

Justus-Liebig-llniversity of Giessen 641-7025415

Department of PsychologyClinical Psychology

Otto-Behagel-Strasse -0

D-6300 GiessenWest Germany

* Performance Measures: The Interactive Concentration Task (I(T) has been developed for cardiovas-cular stress testing in laboratory settings.

* Normative Data Base: Consists of 140 subjects

* Test Validation: ICT is applied to provoke prolonged increases ill cardiovascular paramter,(heart rate, blood pressure. blood flow) in normals and patients. It is already

implemented in cardio diagnostic pro, edures of some mnedical (('l ers.

* Testing Protocol: Items nerc taken from the "Konzentrations-Verlaufs-Test' (Abel.. 1965) anislightly changed for the computer version. Each time (slides presented a--natically on a screen) consists of 36 two-digit numbers presented in a matrixof 6 rows and 6 columns. Ss are asked to detect as fast and as accuratlv a.-possible combinations of numbers: 43 only. 63 only. 43 and 63. neither 13 tlot63. After a certain nunbe of correct responses the computer will lpefd uppresentation time of slides. A series of incorrect responses results in stiu .down presentation time again. Thus., the cotmputer is tracing preventaifmtimes of slides around the actual performance level of individuals. rii, tas k

may be administered as long as needed by protocol (e.g. I hour).

* Test Equipment: No information supplied

* Theoretical Background: No information supplied

* Relevant Publications: No publications supplied

* Keywords: Physw. Perform. Mess.Workload

Valk, J.P.J. de Telephone: (31)71-263260BAZIS. Central Development & Support Group

Hospital Information SystemC/O Leiden University Hospital, Bldg. 50Rinsburgerweg 102333 AA Leiden

The Netherlands

* Performance Measures: Human perception measures for the assessnent diagnostic quality of nedical

images

* Normative Data Base: We are building one up of 512 x 512 pixel CT slices of the upper abdomen

at Leiden University Hospital on VAX and Phillips conputers.

* Test Validation: ROC-analysis based upon well-known literature and software available fron

the Univ. of Chicago (Prof, ?Metz/Doi)

* Testing Protocol: ROC analysis-compatible questionnaires

* Test Equipment: VAX with VMS operating system an; Fortran 77. IBM-Pt" with MS-DOS

operating system & Fortran 77 will be used in the future.

* Theoretical Background: ieceiver operating characteristics & signal detection theory / Human Visualperception (Green/Swets: Swets/Piekett lit, ref.

L . .. ......

*Relevant Publications: -Valk, J.P.J. d( Pt at. (1981). Detectability index, likelihood ratio and di-agnostic output as psychophysical measures for evaluatiotn of medical imageProcessing. Medical R Biological Engineering P Computing. Vol. I19. 5. p,.597-604-Valk. J.P.J. de. & E~kman, E.G.. (1984) Artalca"is of eye fixatioo, duringthe diagnostic interpretation of chest radiographs. Medical F Biological En-gineering 8 Computing, Vol. 22. 4. p). 353-360-Valk, J.P.J. et al. (1985). Color representative of biomedical data. Mrdtclal8 Biological Engineering & Computing. Vol. 23. 4. p. 343-351-Heringa, A. et al. (1986) The display of body surface maps. In: Electro-cardiographic Body Surface Mapping. Dam, . Th. van & Oeosterooi. A. %-an(Eds.) N~1hoff, p. 171-175

*Keywords: Decision making Selective attcnttonFocused attention Task anal ysisIndividual differences Theoretical modelsNormative performance measfim/ormance Workload 'hyoio.Perform. Meas.

Veen, J. van der (See Hertnans, page 48)

Veldonan, J. (See Molder, G., page 74)

Veldt, R. van der (See Good. page 37)

Ven, A. van der (See Roskamn, page 84)

Verbraak, A. (See Bogaard. page 8)

Veron, G. Telephone: (33) 34.601.42.04Hoffmann, J.J.

Centre D Etudes et de Recherches PsychologiqtsesSelect ion. Formation. Suivi PersonnelAIR-BA 27278210 ST CYR L'ECOLEFrance

* Performance Measures: Tests - paper and pencil, psychorttotor interview -personality grotup tootiva-tin

e Normative Data Base: Yes - 10000 people by 500 variables.

* Test Validation: Yes - correlations regression and discriminant analysis

* Testing Protocol: Step by step; premed. selection includes paper and pencil - psychomnotortests. Medical selection inclodes group - sport- interview

9 Test Equipment: paper-pencil, simulator. cottputer

* Theoretical Background: Intelligence factors, personality, and st ress

* Relevant Publications: No publications supplied

e Keywords: Decision making Pers9onnel selectionDivided attention Stressor effectsEnvironmental streosoroIndividual differencesl'e;, onality factors

106

Versprille, A. (See Bogaard, page 8)

Vidulich, M. (See Wilson G.F., page 112)

Vossel, G. (See Fr6lich. page 32)

Vries, H. de Telephone: (31)43-888372Hoh, G.J.

State University Hinburg

Dept. of Health EducationDutch Smoking Prevention Project

POB 6166200 MD MaastrichtThe Netherlands

" Performance Measures: Questionnaires are used to assess attitudes., social influences. personal effi-

cacy expectations, social pressures. dlemogralphic variables concerning ado-

lescent smoking behavior. and carbon mmonoxide assessmient to validate the

self reports about smoking.

* Normative Data Base: No information supplied

* Test Validation: Questionnaires are based o: the Fishbein S Ajzes model.

" Testing Protocol: The study is a smoking prevention project and utilizes an experimental and

control group.

" Test Equipment: Carbon-monoxide tests

" Theoretical Background: The study is an application of the Fishbein and Ajzes model. but also uti-

lizes additional predictive factors. One of the goals is to develop a better

predictive model.

* Relevant Publications: -Vries, H. de and Hoth. G. J. (1986) From Determinants of Smoking Behavior

to the implications for a pevention program. Health Education Research.

1986, 1, 85-94

* Keywords: Individual differences

Theoretical models

Wales, T.A. Telephone number not suppliedMcDonnell Douglas Astronautics Company

Engineering Psychology Department

P.O. Box 516St. Louis. MO 63166

United States of America

" Performance Measures: Task completion time and error rate

" Normative Data Base: No

" Test Validation: Scheduled for late 1987

" Testing Protocol: Experimental design in field - Assessment of Workstation requirements forshop floor computer terminals.

" Test Equipment: Computer workstations located on factory. Floor comparison of advanced

windowing workstations. Proprietary comimter & software

" Theoretical Background: Task analysis

107

" Relevant Publications: McDonnell Douglas Corp. reports

" Keywords: Individual differeneesPerformanceWorkload

Walrath, L.C. Telephone: (1) 314-234-8682Curtin, J.

McDonnell Douglas Astronautics Co.Human Performance LaboratoryMDAC S'rL P.O. Box 516St. Louis, MO 63166United States of America

* Performance Measures: Contrast sensitivity, visual acuity, and stereo acuity are used for evaluationof life support/protection gear. flight path quality and target and threatdetection. are used for flight simulation. and reaction time & errors, eye-ubover;ent, and EEC are used for workload evaluation & for eoitrol/displa.research.

* Normative Data Base: Recognized norm:s are available for vision tests.

a Test Validation: Generally repeated usage. For research methods, part of the goal is to es-tablish validity and reliability oft lie techniques.

* Testing Protocol: Standard experimental designs for laboratory research in infortmation pro-cessing paradigms (e.g. visual search, stimulus comparison). Similar designswith part mission scenarios (typically ground attack phases) in fixed basedsimulator with 40 ft. projection (ionie. typically F-18 or F-15 aircraft para:-eters

. Test Equipment: Nicolet CS 2000. MDC Flight Sinlation Facility. APPLE and Data GeneralECLIPSE Computers. Most software is special purpose and developed in-house.

e Theoretical Background: Reserve capacity model. Model of attentioial processes based on R. Carroll'sdevelopmental model of informatito processes.

* Relevant Publications: -Stern, J.A. & Walrath, L.C. (1982) Eye movement indices of alert ness (FilialReport AFSAM/VNE. Contract # F33615-78-D-0617). St Louis: Washing-ton University Behavior Research Laboratory. 1982-Stern. J.A.. Walrath. L.C., & Goldstein. R. (1984) The endogenous eye-blink. Psychophysiology, 21. 22-33.-Goldstein, R.. Walrath. L.C., Ster , .A.. & Strock. B.D. (1985) Blink activ-ity in a discrinitiation task as a function of stimulus modality and scheduleof presentation. Psychophysiology. 22, 629, 635.-Hancock, G.A.. Walrath, L.C.. & Backs. R.W. Effects of update rate. prac-tice, and display characteristics in critical event detection with digital dis-plays. Paper presented at the 22nd Atital Conference oin Mamial Control.Dayton. OH. July 1986.

* Keywords: Divided attention Response competitionFocused attention Seleclive attentionMental resources WorkloadPerformancePhys'o. Perform. Meas.

Wertheim, A.H. Telephone: (31) 34-631444TNO Institute for PerceptionPerformance. Perteption and Human Factors ResearchP.O. Box 233769 ZG SoesterbergThe Netherlands

* Performance Measures: Eye, head. and body movements. visual search. perceptual threshold fur

* r v a ionoe Normative Data Base: No

I 108

. Test Validation: Subjects are not testetn; their perfornuanae is lnneaured in a laboratory illapplied settings.

* Testing Protocol: Psychophysicsal laboratory exleriments.

- Test Equipment: N's. special purpose projection systemus. Special purpose CRT's. oplokeieti'drum. and eye aind head inovenent registration apparatus.

9 Theoretical Background: Neurophysiologieal ana Cognitive models

e Relevant Publications: -Werthei.in. A.H. & Bles, W. (1984-8). A re-evaluation of cancllation linory:Visual, vestibular. and oculomotor co:ntribution to perceived object motion.

e Keywords: Divided Attention Selective attentionEnvironmental strensors Theoretical modelsFocused attention

Performance

Physo. Perform. Mea .

Wetherell, A. Telephone: (44) 980-610211 Ext 411Humnan Factors UnitChemical Defence EstablishentPorton DownWilts. SP4 OJQUnited Kingdom

9 Performance Measures: USAF CTS battery, numerical and verbal ability, nnrsuit tracking. simptlc

and serial RT. vigilance, and ineinuory tasks are used to assess drug elfects.

* Normative Data Base: No

" Test Validation: Measures were subjected to factor analysis and found to be factorially valid

" Testing Protocol: Typically withini-Ss design

" Test Equipment: Apple II BBC, Conmmodore 64. Ati IBM PC will be acquired in 1988.

" Theoretical Background: Multiple resources, Additive factors, and Factor analysis

" Relevant Publications: -Wetherell (1980), Brit. J. ('lin. Pharm.

" Keywords: Decision makingDivided attentionEnvironmental stressor,4Mental resourcesStressor effects

White, T.N. Telephone: (31)53-892722(31)53-892932

Twente University of TechnologyP.O. Box 2177500 AE. EnschedeThe Netherlands

* Performance Measures: Time on task, subjective ratings, posture, and scores on relevant variablesare used to investigate trend prediction, color blindness. qiuery languages,and user friendliness of information presentation.

" Normative Data Base: No infornation supplied

" Test Validation: Validation on own experimental norin. No norn explicitly available in liter-atire.

" Testing Protocol: Written instruction, isolated experiments. data logging, statistical verilica-t ion. and structured rating interviews.

ti0s

* Test Equipment: Ramnteh graphics systems. ASEA sciuigraphics system. Apple 11 experimentcomnputers. anil a DEC main frame. Software js jooslr Pascal

" Theoretical Background: Contribution to development of Human Fact ors guidelines not availale ill

lit eratutre. using theories andi 1 iaradjgnis used iii psychological and tvCl~iialfield.

" Relevant Publications: -W5hite T.N. and Schaib. P. va:: (1987) Factors Influen:cing t lie Detectim: ofTrend Deviatioos on VDT's lIn: Man-conmputer ;~uraictio,. Springer 'scriag.Eds. van der Veer & Molder

* Keywords: Decision makingIndividual differencesPerformanceTask analysisTheoretical models

Widdel, H. Telephone: (49) 228 8,521Pfendler, C.

Forschungsinstitut fur Anthropotechnik (FAT)Neuenahrer Strasse 20D-5307 Wachtberg- WerthofenWest Germany

" Performance Measures: Rleactioin tinie. eye novrement aijairsis. vigilance perforniamse. tracki:,g.human-computer-interactioii

" Normative Data Base: Files of raw-data are stored i VAX 11/780 amd Nlaclltos

" Test Validation: No information supplied

" Testing Protocol: Isolated experimental tasks (1:o tests)

" Test Equipment: No information supplied

" Theoretical Background: No informationi supplied

" Relevant Publications: WViddel. H. (1983). A inethod of mieasuring t lie vistial lobe aria, Ill Golier& Menz. D.F. Fisher & R.A. Monty (Eds.): Eye movrmente aind p.scholoq,.cat functions: International views (pp.73-83). Hills/017 (le. N.J.: LawrenceErlbauni.* Widdel, H. (1983). Ergonoiiiische tnd kogiiit ive Det er:::inalte:de

Steterumig eiiies siniuliertei Untierwasserfalirzeuges. Zcitsch riftfu.4rbeitoenschaft, 37. 92-97.*t'fendler. C. & Widdel, H. (1986). Vigilance perform:ance when usitig colouron electronic displays. Perceptual and Motor Skills. 63. 92-97.-Widdel. H. & Kaster. J. (1986). Transparency of a dialogue through pic-torial preseiitation of dialogtie structure. lIi H.P. Willu:neit (Ed.). Huanndecision making and manual control (pp. 135-143). Amisterdam: North-Holland.-Widdel. H. & Kaster.J. (1987). Vuirkii:gen visuell priisentierter Diailog-

Strtikturen auf die Interaktion iigeuibter lBenutzer nut dei Decliner. lIi W.Schinipflug & M. Wittstock (Hrsg.(. Soft ubareergonomie '857 Niitzen Informa.lionsysRteme dem Benutzere s.329-339). Stuttgart: Teubiier

" Keywords: Environmental stresooroWorkload

Wiedemann, J. (See Fadden, page 27)

Whedi, K.H. Telephone: (49) 541 6082246

110

Fachgebiet Klinische PsychologieKnollstrasse 15D-4500 OsnabriickWest Germany

9 Performance Measures: Measures of intellectual functioning; prediction and evaluation of trealtontileffects; indication and planning of treatments

* Normative Data Base: N=2010: age 7-8; normative diata ba~se was established for ne study only

* Teat Validation: Learning efficiency; rehabilitation outcome

* Testing Protocol: Standard procedures according to manuals and dynamic provctires (specialsoftware)

9 Test Equipment: Raven Matrices Test; in future more neuropsychological tests: IBM',-P(U

* Theoretical Background: Theory of dynarnic testing (learning tests, learning potential test. trainabilitytesting, compensatory testing, etc)

* Relevant Publications: - Wiedl, K.H. & Carlson. J.S. (1985). Tlhe dynamic testing approach: The-oretical concepts and practical applications. In G. d'Ylewalle, (Ed.)I. Pro-ceedings of Ihe 23rd International Congqrcss sf Psychology. V'ol. 3, C'ognition.Information Processing and Motivation (pp. 681-690).-Wiedi, K.H., Schbttke, H. & Gediga. G (1987). fleserven geistiger Leis-

tungsfiihigkeit bei geriatrischen Psychiatiopatienten rind bei Altcnhnberte-wohinern: Elne Studie zur dynarnisehen Testdiagnostilt. Zcitechrift fur Kim-isehe Psycholsgie. 16(l). 1-14.

e Keywords: Individual DifferencesMental ResourcePerformance

Wlentjes, C. (See Boer, page 7)

Wierwille, W. (See Snyder. page 95)

Wyers, A. (See Mulder, G., page 74)

Wildt, CJ, van der Telephome: (1(lt0-3111Keemink, C.T. (31(10-635077

Erasmus University RotterdamDept. Biomedical Physics and TechnologyP.O. Box 12383000 Dr. RotterdamThe Netherlands

*Performance Measures: Contrast sensitivity of the visual systetm attd eye mtovemnents are used toobtain a measure for the qu-lity of vision during daily life.

* Normative Data Base: An initerface is beintg developed so that the data cat: le measured and ants-lyzed by IBM-compatible computers (P~s). The 11R-Systemn is already basedon a Olivetti PC.

" Test Validation: Correlating results with other clinical tests is currenitly beinig tried

e Testing Protocol: Sinusoidal gratings on a TV-screen. The contrast sensitivity function isobtained by threshold measurenments and different spatial frequrncies. lBreflection is used from the front of the eye (developed by the Vu-A'dan)

* Test Equipment: Custom equipment for automatic nmeasurenment of the ('S.F. The IR eyemovement measuring system is developed by the Free University A'dan.

* Theoretical -kr ...3. Can pi i F W . 1 V98 ,. V!., U. , ' *'. . . ' t" v'Brain Res. 10, 87-97.

* Relevant Publications: -Wildt. (.J. van tier. Keeti.ik (iJ. and Brink G. van (tll. (1976). Gradientdetection and contrast transfer by the Isinian eye. Vision Res. 16. 1047-1053.-R~sd k. JP,. Kroon. J.N. and Wildt. G.J. van der. (1980). Contrast sensi-tivity as a funetion of position on the retina. Vision Res. 20. 235-241-Wildt, G.J. van der and Waarts. R.G. (1983). Contrast Dete(tion atid itsdependence on the presence of edges and lines in the stithls ielid. VisionRes.. 23, 821-830.-Wildt, G.J. van der (1984) Interchangeability of space aid titie in percep-tion. In: Limits in Perception. van Doorn et al. (eds.). VNt Sti( ice Press1984; 139-172.-Wildt, G.J. van der. Flipse J.P.. Rodenburg M.. and Keetinik (U.3. (1986).The effect of relative motion onl the contrast sensitivity. lII: Eye Move-ments: from Physiology to Cognition. 156-157. (Edited by: O'Regan I.K..Levy-Schoen A., Elsevier North lolland. Amsterdam).

* Keywords: Performance

Willeges, R. (See Snyder. page 95)

Williams, K.N. (see Biferno. page 6)

Willigers, F. Telephone: (31):30-33 .1143Droog, A.

Psychotechniek B.V.Adviesbureau voor Personele en OrgaisatievraagstukkeiDrift 103512 BS UtrechtThe Netherlands

* Performance Measures: All kinds of intelligence measures (verbal. arithmetic. technical. spatial. rea-soning. etc) and work samples are used for selection ptrposts. Measures oftime-sharing performance are used for selection of pilots.

* Normative Data Base: Collected data serves as normative data base. as, well as lie norms of thetest publisher. The computer data base is ott a Cyber (onipt er. using SPSSand personal computer software.

* Test Validation: Ali tests have been validated against the appropriate criteria: e.g.. validationof titie-slaring tasks against performance on Hlight-siniulator and duringactual flying.

" Testing Protocol: Paper, pencil. and computer

* Test Equipment: Precise Coordination Multiple Package, K tratoriinu fur Verkelirssicheeheit.Vienna Continuous Memory Task and Taskotiat battery (IZF.TNO, Soester-berg). Planning more computerized testing.

* Theoretical Background: All relevant literature.

* Relevant Publications: No inblications supplied.

* Keywords: Decision making Personality factorsDivided attention Personnel selectionFocused attention Selective attentionIndividual differences Task analysisMental resources Workload

Wilson, F. (See Long, page 65)

112

Wilson, G.F. Telephone: (1) 513-255-8748Pearson, W.H.Reid, 0.8.Vidulich, M.Fracker, M.L.

AAMRL/HEGWPAFB. Oh. 45433-6573United States of America

" Pprformance Measures: Reaction times, error scores, accuracy, workload atid performtaice assess-ment, evoked potentials. heart rate analysis. eye blinks. auid subjective it.sures

* Normative Data Base: Yes- Criterion Task Set ICTS) studies at Un'iversity of fOlahonna with ap-proximately 250-300 subjects. The C'TS runs on: ('omiuodore 65 antI 1,28using BASIC. and will also run on IBM P(-s and clones.

" Test Validation: Physiological andI suhjective toeasures have been validated in simulators atidaircraft flight.

" Testing Protocol: No informat ion suppiled

* Test Equipment: Performance measures (CTS) ace run on a Cnommodore, which will he cc-pl~ccd with an IBM compatible. Physiological measures are are taken witha Neuropsychological Workload Test Battery (NWTB I and a PDP 11/73computer system, which will be updated in two years.

" Theoretical Background: Wicketns Multiple Resource Model- Wickens, C.D.. (1981). Processing Re-sources in Attetntion. Dual-Task Performance, and Workload Assessmenmt.Technical Report EPI.-8t-3, Engineering Psych. lies. Laboratory. Univer-sity of Delaware.

" Relevant Publications: -Shingledecker. C. (1984) A task battery for applied human perforuanice as-sessment research. USAF Technical Report. AFAMRL-TR-84I-071I-Acton. W.H. and Crabtree, M.S. (1985) User's gtuide for the Criterion TaskSet. USAF Technical Report AAMRL-TR-85-0t341-Wilson, G.E. attd O'Donnell, R.D. (imi press) Physiological measures of men-tal workload. ln:llancock. P. and Meshkati (Eds.) Human Mental Workload.Amsterdatm. The Net herlands, Elseveer

" Keywords: Mental resourcesNormative performance mocossresPerformancePhysis. Perform. Meas.Workload

Wilson, S. Telephone: (44) 788 4511. ext. 2.57Royal Hospital atid Home for IncurablesWest HillLondon SWIS 3SWUnited Kingdom

" Performance Measures: Verbal intelligence, memory at tetiout, visital neglect, visito-spatial orin-tatiott & organization, perseveration, personality. am

1 a smtall number of

non-aittomnated standard tests are used to assess adults wit ht severe physicaldisabilities.

* Normative Data Base: No

" Test Validation: Standard tests: automated form validated agaitist a standardNew tests: validated against othter behavioral aspects umnder imnvestigatiotn(repeated measures design with counterbalancing).

" testing Protocol: Instruction/practice session of few mimnutes' duiratiomn; test duratin 101-90oittes: design depends umpotn whet her subiects or t he tests arc unmderscruttiny

o Test Equipment: BBC. purpose-built response tmedlia. synthetic speech. amid internially dlevel-oped software

113

" Relevant Publications: -Wilson. etiat]. (1982) Int. Journal of .tfan-Machinc Studie.o-Wylie. et a]. (1984) Medical Engineering and Technology-Wilson (1987) Applied Psych. Ann. Int. Hen.

" Keywords: Decision Making

Thd-rfiidual DifferencesiPersona:i, Factors

Wit, H.P. Telephonec: (31)50-6i12551State University GroningenInstitute of AudiologyUniversity HoitalP.O. Box 30.0019700 RB Groningen:The Netherlands

- Performance Measures: mi. Audiograin and Speech-Audiograin are, used for hearing tests.

* Normative Data Base: No iniformiation supplied.

& Test Validation: No information supplied.

* Testing Protocol: No information supplied.

e Test Equipment: No information supplied.

* Theoretical Background: No information supplied.

a Relevant Publications: No publications supplliedt.

e Keywords: Perfoernanrec

Wittersheim, 0. Telephone: (33) 88.28.67.83('NRS/JNRSLaboratoire de Physiologie et deI'sychologie Env iroiiieient ales21, rute B~ecquerel671187 Strasbourg ('edexFrance,

e Performance Measures: Free and ordered recall. reaction time for intitiating aiid typing key responses.antI detection rates are used toi assess etfects of enivironmtental factors. Thesemeasures are mainly dual-task performamce assessmtent coimbining a conmpo-nent of shiort-termi memory for words or digits, atid a conmpomient of veeni-tary decisions on detected siginal feattires.

* Normative Data Base: No

" Test Validation: These tests have not yet been validated in ita groiip-1 syrhometric basis. Onlysamte separate task features have bmeeii evaluated (e.g. Posiier. Sternbierg).

" Teating Protocol: Individual admiinistration (hiriing exposure to etnvironmental physical factorsfor sessions lastiiig at least one hour. Generally inidependent group of subjkectswith repeated measurements are isedt.

" Test Equipment: Test procedures are mnaintly comiputerized. personal coimptuters are, linkedto a miaiin computer for extenduedt data handling. Iti thte fiitutre, comnpat iblemticrocomputters will he moore extensively used. Software is rurreittly underdevelopmeiit for specific tasks.

114

* Theoretical Background: The mental prncesses Imaitly memory. attention, detection, awd decision)are thought to be involved in a wide range of everyday life activities per-formed while people are exposed to either comfortable or adverse environ-

mental factors (especially thermal and acoustical).

* Relevant Publications: Best list of relevant publications may be available in Bitter, A.'. ei(1986) Performance evaluation tests for envirotnental research (PETER):Evaluation of 114 measures. Percept P Mot. Skill, 63. 683. 708

" Keywords: Divided attentionEnwronmental stressors

M, 'al resourcesPerform -neeTask competition

Wolters, N. Telephone: (31)30-534777State University UtrechtDept. of Developmental PsychologyHeidelberglaan 23584 Utrecht

The Netherlands

" r cfTrmance Measures: Ildividual protocols of task performance are used for tieasuritig ineacogni-tive performance.

" Normative Data Base: Not yet

" Test Validation: Yes- Correlations between lic netacognitive tests and b~etween the inetacog-nitive tests and IQ.

* Testing Protocol: Itdividual protocols of task performance

* Test Equipment: Sinple material-like strips. tokea, tower figures. etc.

" Theoretical Background: A combination of activity theory and information processing t heory.

* Relevant Publications: No publications supplied.

* Keywords: Focused attention

Performance

Zaal, J.N. Telephone number not suppliedMaesen de Sombreff, P.E.A.M. van der

Meltzer, P.H.

Ryks Psychologische DienstThe Netherlands

* Performance Measures: Psycotological tests and tiuestiontaires. work satttples. ald sipecilic assign-nients of mixed oral-written character

* Normative Data Base: Yes - applicants for vacancies in Dutch govertmtet make tp various cat-

egories of 100-3000 subjects each. Burroughs 590t) &- Phillips P3800 with

lazervision video equipment are used with Cat Blenelx software - RPI)

" Test Validation: Yes, statistical and factor anatyis

* Testing Protocol: Paper and pencil, videonetwork (CAT). and oral testing

* Test Equipment: Paper, pencils. optical :tarkreader & computer equipme:t for scoring,videonetwork system, Phillips hardware, Turhodos operating system, E-

active system language

* Theoretical Background: Multiple factor theories of intelligence, aptitude, and persnality

* Reiovant Publications: No publications supplied

9 Keywords: Infdlvidual differencesNormative performance mea. ure.q

Personality factorsPersonnel ,seltetionTask analysts

Zielinski, W. (see Amelang. page 2)

Zomeren, A. van (See Brouwer, page 11)

REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE

I. Recipient's Reference 2. Originator's Reference 3. Further Reference 4. Security Classificationof Document

AGARD-R-763 ISBN 92-835-0474-7 UNCLASSIF-I)

5. Originator Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and DevelopmcntNorth Atlantic Treaty Organization7 rue Ancelle, 92200 Neuilly sur Seine, France

6. Title

PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT REGISTER

7. Presented at

8. Author(s)/Editor(s) 7 9. Date

Various August 1988

10. Author's/Editor's Address II. Pages

Various 148

12. Distribution Statement This document is distributed in accordance with AGARI)policies and regulations, which are outlined on theOutside Back Covers of all AGARD publications.

3. Keywords/Descriptors

Performance evaluation TestsPsychometrics Surveys

14. Abstract

This Report presents the results of the first phase of AGARID Aerospace Medical Panel WorkingGroup 12 on "Human Performance Assessment Methods. The major goal of Working Group 12 isto develop a standardised test battery, satisfying conventional psychometric criteria such asreliability, validity and sensitivity, for which an extensive data base may be compiled. Each memberof the Working Group sent a simple questionnaire to researchers in his own country who are activein performance testing. The responses have been collated in the form of this Report, which, it ishoped. will facilitate the communication between laboratories necessary for the success of thesubsequent standardization programme. (>

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