DSTU B A_1_1-53-94_ Metody opredeleniyaNo 25.docx

8/18/2019 DSTU B A_1_1-53-94_ Metody opredeleniyaNo 25.docx

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ДСТУ Б А. 1.1-53-94ДЕРЖАВНИЙ СТАНДАРТ УКРАЇНИ

Система стандати!а"#$ та н%м&'анн( ' )&д#'ни"т'#*ет%ди 'и!на+енн( ,%ист%ст#Терміни та визначення

ПЕРЕДМОВА

1 РРБ/ЕНИЙУ0а$нс0им на&0%'%-д%с2#дним #нстит&т%м '(&+и е+%'ин та мате#а2#' #м.В.Д.Глуховськоо *#н%с'#ти У0а$ни6д.т.н. Рунова Р.!.7 0.т.н. "очевих М.О.8 ВНЕСЕНИЙВ#дд#2%м деа'ни н%мати'#' та стандат#' Де0%мм#ст%)&д&'анн( У0а$ни

3 АТВЕРДЖЕНИЙ ТА ВВЕДЕНИЙ В Д:;На0а!%м Деа'н%1->11. ZА/У[ ВИКРИСТАНН\#.# ]еY стандат 'стан%'2^_ тем#ни та 'и!на+енн( ,%н(т &


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#.% Вим%


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4.3 !а0ит# ,%и@%и7 (0# не с,%2&+а^тс( #!!%'н#cн%^ ,%'ене^мате#а2&

GP gPNQTMKNNPFP dKHPF

PF QMKNPG VKHPN

UH VKHPN UPHLhN

HR !а0BтBе ,%B@%B7 не с%%)`а^`иес(

с 'неcнеY ,%'ен%ст^матеиа2а

4.4 с,%2&+ен# ,%и7 !'(!ан#,%и@%и7 (0# !_дн&^тс( м#с%)%^ а)% ! !%'н#cн%^,%'ене^ мате#а2&

GP iKLLRFIJIPHPFGP dKHPF7gPjRFGPFP dKHPF

PF IFDPHQKFFPQDPG VKHPN7ENNKQIEDPG VKHPN

UH VKHPN IFDPHQKFFPQDhN7 VKHPNENNKQIhN

HR с%%)`а^`иес( ,%Bk

с'(!аннBе ,%B@%B7 с%един(^`иес(мед& с%)%Y и2и с

'неcнеY ,%'ен%ст^матеиа2а

4.5 0а,#2(н# ,%и@%и %!м#%м 1> -1 - 1>-l см7`% 'и!на+а^т ,%ни0н#стмате#а2&

GP mEVIMMEHVKHPF

PF QEVIMMEHO VKHPN

UH VKHPN QEVIMMEIHPN

HR 0а,и22(нBе ,%B@%B а!ме%м 1>-1 -1>-l см7 %,еде2(^`ие,%ни"аем%ст матеиа2а

&.-.# роникність матеріалу

датн#ст мате#а2&

,%,&с0ати 0#! се)е #дин&а)%


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HR т&,и0%'Bе ,%Bт0BтBе ,%B7име^`ие %дин 'B%д на'неcн^^ ,%'ен%ст

матеиа2а

&.0 наскрізні ориВ#д0ит# ,%и7 0%на ! (0и

ма_ д'а 'и%ди на !%'н#cн^,%'ен^ ,%ист%


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0а&`а(с( ,%ист%ст

В#дн%cенн( !а


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/#н#YниY %!м# %дн#_$ ,%и7(0иY аа0теи!&_тс(сеедн#м д#амет%м

PF VKHP NIJP

UH GILPFNIKF GRF VKHP

HR а!ме ,%B/инеYнBY а!ме %дн%Y

,%B7 0%т%BYаа0теи!&етс( седним

диамет%м

&.#- сере3ні4 3іаметр ор

Сеедн_ !на+енн( д#амета

,%и7 `% 'и!на+а_тс( на)а!#

GP SIDDPMVKHPFGRHQTLPNNPH

PF EfPHEgP VKHP GIELPDPH

UH GIELtDHP LKOPF GPN VKHPN

HR седниY диамет ,%

статисти+ни дани

е0с,еимент&

Седнее !на+ение диамета

,%B7 %,еде2(ем%е на%сн%'ании статисти+ес0иданнB e0с,еимента

4.1l ма0сима2ниY д#амет,%

GP SEvILEMVKHPFGRHQTLPNNPH

PF LEvIRL VKHPN GIELPDPH

UH GIELtDHP LEvILEM GPN VKHPN

HR ма0сима2нBY диамет ,%

&.#0 сере3ні4 і3равлічни4

3іаметр ор5

еbе0ти'ниY д#амет ,%

В#дн%cенн( !а


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'%д%,%


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HR инте


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%сн%'аннBY на и!меении,%д ми0%с0%,%м 2инеYнB а!ме%' се+ениY ,% ',2%с0%сти се!а %)а!"а

-.#.$ мето3 і3рахунку

точок*ет%д 'и!на+енн(

!а


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-.#.& мето3 вимір=вання

оверхні

*ет%д 'и!на+енн(!а


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b%т%e2е0т%нн%Y &стан%'0и

-.#.0 металора7ічни4

аналіз

Ана2#! ,%ист%ст#мате#а2& !а д%,%м%


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рентенівськоо

розсі=вання

*ет%д 'и!на+енн( ,ит%м%$,%'ен# ,%ист%


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%)_м& !а!0а ',и%дн%м& та а)с%2^тн%`#2н%м& стан# !'и0%истанн(м #нетн%$ #дин# а)%


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'%д%,%


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ст&0т&B матеиа2а7 0%т%а(&ст%Y+и'а 0 &да2ени^ и''едени^ '%дB7 ,&тем сн(ти(и!%тем адс%)"ии ,а%' '%дB

-.2.# ізотерма а3сор@8і>

а2ен#ст 0#20%ст#,%


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,% # тис0%м7не%)#дним д2('ида'2^'анн( %дн#_$ #дини #нc%^

ид0%стеY*ет%д %,еде2ени( а!ме%',% ' матеиа2е7 %сн%'аннBY на!а'исим%сти мед& диаметами

0а,и22(нB ,% и да'2ением7

не%)%димBм д2( 'Bда'2и'ани(%дн%Y ид0%сти д&


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*ет%д 'и!на+енн(%)_м#' ,% 'мате#а2# !'и0%истанн(мм%2е0&2(ни `&,#' -

UH LhDTKGP GP DoDPRHN LKMhQRMEIHPN

HR мет%д м%2е0&2(нB ̀ &,%'*ет%д %,еде2ени( %)qем%' ,%

' матеиа2е с ис,%2!%'аниемм%2е0&2(нB `&,%' - 'е`ест'7

адс%)и&^`ис( ' ,%аматеиа2а7 диамет 0%т%B

)%2cе а!меа м%2е0&2B `&,а

5.15 мет%де2е0т%,%'#дн%ст#*ет%д 'и!на+енн(нас0#!н%$ ,%ист%ст#7

!асн%'аниY на'им#^'анн#е2е0т%,%'#дн%ст#,%ист%


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да'2ени( т&ти на стен0и ,%70ае'%


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д#амет ,% сеедн#Y


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,%0а!ни0 сеедн%

,%ист#ст д#Yсна....................................................................... 4.9

,%ист#ст !а

,%%мет#(................................................................................ 4.1

,%ни0н#ст мате#а2&............................................................... 4.5.1

%!,%д#2енн( ,% !а %!м#ами................................................. 4.13

%!м# ,%и............................................................................... 4.14

А)ет0%'иY ,%0а+и0 н#ме"0и тем#н#'

~GNKHVDIKFNINKDTPHLP........................................... 5.9.1

~GNKHVDIKFN fPHUETHPF GPH ˆENNPHGoLVUP............. 5.9

jPGIFgDP GRHQTgPTPFGP dKHKNIDoD.......................... 4.11

†HPQTPFNLPDTKGP................................................. 5.4

nPNKHVDIKFNiIFPDIi................................................ 5..1

nIUUPHPFDIEMiRHfP GPH dKHPFgHuNNPFfPHDPIMRFg......... 4.>

GRHQTgPTPFGP dKHPF ............................................ 4.=

nRHQTM…NNIgiPID GPN SEDPHIEMN ............................... 45 1

PIFNPIDIg KUUPFP dKHPF........................................... 4.l

UKDKLPDHINQTP KVDINQTP SPDTKGP........................... 5.1.l

gPjRFGPFP dKHPF........................................................................ 4.4sPNELDVKHKNIDoD .................................................. 4.9

gPNQTMKNNPFP dKHPF............................................. 4.3

xPMIRLNŒDDIgNLPDTKGP.......................................... 5.1=

xKLKgPFIDŒDNIFGPv GPH dKHPFgHuNNPF................... 4.1

yFGPv GPH SIDDPMVKHPFgHuNNPF ............................... 4.19

yFDPgHEMiRHfP GPH dKHPFgHuNNPFfPHDPIMRFg............... 4.1


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iKLLRFIJIPHPFGP dKHPF........................................ 4.4

mEVIMMEHVKHPF........................................................ 4.5

SEvILEMVKHPFGRHQTLPNNPH.................................... 4.1l

LPQTEFINQTP SPDTKGP ......................................... 5.4

LPDEMMKgHEUINQTP ~FEMONP...................................... 5.1.=

SIiHKHuFDgPFEFEMONP............................................. 5.1.

LIDDPMTOGHERMINQTPH dKHPFGRHQTLPNNPH .................. 4.1=

SIDDPMVKHPFGRHQTLPNNPH........................................ 4.15

SPDTKGP GPH jPIGPHNPIDIgPF €M‰NNIgiPIDNfPHGHoFgRFg..................... 5.11

SPDTKGP GPH MPiDHKMPIDUoTIgiPID............................ 5.15

SPDTKGP GPH MPiDHKFPFLIiHKNiKVIP...................... 5.1.5

SPDTKGP GPH €MoQTPPFLPNNRFg............................. 5.1.4

SPDTKGP GPH €M‰NNIgiPIDNGPNKHVDIKF...................... 5.

SPDTKGP GPH €M‰NNIgiPIDNGRHQTGH‰QiPFN GRHQT dKHPFiuHVPH .......... 5.1lSPDTKGP GPN TOGHKNDEDINQTPF ̂ IPgPFN.................. 5.l

SPDTKGP GPH •IFIPFfPHNQTIPjRFg........................... ...................... 5.1.3

SPDTKGP GPH ŠRUDGRHQTMoNNIgiPIDNjPNDILLRFg............................... 5.1

SPDTKGP GPH LIiHKNiKVINQTPF ~FEMONP......................................... 5.1.1

SPDTKGP GPH DIPUgPi‰TMDPF CDIQiNDKUUEGNKHVDIKF............................ 5.13

SPDTKGP GPH dRFiDJoTMRFgPF ...................................................... 5.1.

SPDTKGP GPH wRENIPMENDINQTPF ƒPRDHKFPFNDHPRRFg......................... 5.

SPDTKGP GPH |RPQiNIMjPHVKHPFLPNNRFg....................................... 5.1lSPDTKGP GPH ÊNNPHEjNKHVDIKFNiIFPDIi...................................... 5.=

SPDTKGP GPH ˆENNPHfPHGHoRgRFg ERN GPNoDDIgDPF dHKjP RFDPH ŠRUDGHRQi GPH NDRUPFEHDIgEFNDPIgPF

5.1>

SPDTKGP GPH rPFIg rIFiMIwPF „KFDgPFNDHPRRFg ............................ 5.3

SKMPiRMEHURTMPHLPDTKGP............................................................... 5.14

|jPHUM…QTPFNVEFFRFg GPH €M‰NNIgiPID........................................... 5.1l.

KUUPFP dKHP................................................................................. 4.

KUUPFP dKHKNIDoD.......................................................................... 4.1>

KVDINQTP }PHUETHPF ..................................................................... 5.1dKHPF.......................................................................................... 4.1

dKHPFgHuNNP.......................................................................... 4.14

dKHPFgHuNNPFfPHDPIMRFg............................................................... 4.13

dKHPLPNNRFg.............................................................................. 4.1

dKHKNIDoD..................................................................................... 4.

VOiFKLPDHINQTP SPDTKGP............................................................. 5.5


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„EFGrIFiPM GPH jPFPDJPFGPF €M‰NNIgiPID....................................... 5.1l.1

NQTPFjEHP dKHKNIDoD..................................................................... 4.1>

NVPJIUINQTP |jPHUMoQTP GPN dKHPFHERLPN..................................... 4.

}PHUETHPF GPH mEVIMMEHiKFGPFNEDIKF.............................................. 5.9

rIHiMIQTP dKHKNIDoD ....................................................................... 4.9

rIHiNELPH dKHPFGRHQTLPNNPH ...................................................... 4.1=

А)ет0%'YY ,%0а+и0 ан


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LPDTKG KU MKr DPLVPHEDRHP FIDHKgPF EGNKHVDIKF....................... 5.13

LPDTKG KU LPHQRHO 6VHPNNRHP8 VKHKNILPDHO................................. 5.1l

LPDTKG KU LIQHKNQKVIQ EFEMONIN ............................................... . 5.1.1

LPDTKG KU VKIFD QKRFD ................................................................ 5.1.=

LPDTKG KU wRENI-NTEVP-PMENDIQ FPRDHKF NQEDDPHIFg.......................... 5.

LPDTKG KU HPQIVHKQEM GINVMEQPLPFD KU MIwRIGN............................... 5.11

LPDTKG KU NEDRHEDIKF IF TPMIRL..................................................... 5.1=

LPDTKG KU NRHUEQPN LPENRHPLPFD................................................ 5.1.4

LPDTKG KU rEDPH EjNKHVDIKFN iIFPDIQN .......................................... 5.=

LPDTKG KU rEDPH GINVMEQPLPFD UHKL NEDRHEDPG NELVMP jO NDPVrINP gHKrIFg EIH VHPNNRHP..................................................

5.1>

LPDTKG KU rEDPH fEVKRHN.............................................. ............. 5.9

LIQHK ‚-HEO EFEMONIN ................................................................... 5.1.

LKMPQRMEH NDOMRN LPDTKG ............................................................. 5.14KVPFPG VKHPN............................................................................. 4.

KVPFPG VKHKNIDO.......................................................................... 4.1>

KVDIQEM LPDTKGN.......................................................................... 5.1

VTKDKLPDHIQ KVDIQEM LPDTKG ........................................................ 5.1.l

VKHPN.......................................................................................... 4.1

VKHP NIJP..................................................................................... 4.14

VKHP NIJP GINDHIjRDIKF................................................................... 4.13

VKHPN KVPFPG KU KFP NIGP............................................................ 4.l

VKHKNILPDO.................................................................................. 4.1

VKHKNIDO.............................................................................. 4.

NLEMM EFgMP ‚-HEO LPDTKG KU GINVPHNIKF........................................ 5.3

NVPQIUIQ NRHUEQP KU VKHP NVEQP..................................................... 4.

DTHKRgT VKHPN............................................................................. 4.=

DKDEM VKHKNIDO ................ ........................................................... 4.9

DHRP VKHKNIDO................................................................................ 4.9

А)ет0%'иY ,%0а+и0 bан"&!0и тем#н#'

EFEMONP ERv LIQHIHEOKFN ‚...........................................................EFgMP LEHgIFEM GP LKRIMMEgP GPN MIwRIGPN ....................................

5.1.5.1l.1

QIFhDIwRP GP ME GhNKHVDIKF........................................................... 5..1

QKRDjP GIUUhHPFDIPMMP GP GINDHIjRDIKF GPN VKHPN VEH GILPFNIKFN...... 4.>

QKRHjP IFDhgHEMP GPN fEMPRHN QRLRMhPN GP GINDHIjRDIKF GPN VKHPN VEH GILPFNIKF 4.1

GIELtDHP PUUPQDIU GPN VKHPN ........................................................ 4.1=

GIELtDHP TOGHERMIwRP LKOPF GPN VKHPN ....................................... 4.1=


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GIELtDHP LEvILEM GPN VKHPN........................................................ 4.1l

GIELtDHP LKOPF GPN VKHPN ......................................................... 4.15

GILPFNIKF GRF VKHP.................................................................... 4.14

GINDHIjRDIKF GPN VKHPN VEH GILPFNIKFN.......................................... 4.13

IFGIQP GP GILPFNIKF LKOPRFP GPN VKHPN...................................... 4.19

IFGIQP GTKLKghFhIDh GPN GILPFNIKFN GPN VKHPN.......................... 4.1

INKDTPHLP GEGNKHVDIKF................................................................ 59 1

LhDEMMKgHEVTIP LIQHKNQKVIwRP..................................................... 5.1.=

LhDTKGP GEGNKHVDIKF GEJKDP GP jENNP DPLVhHEDRHP.................... 5.13

LhDTTKGP GEFEMONP LIQHKNQKVIwRP............................................. 5.1.1

LhDTKGP GP QEMQRM GPN VKIFDN...................................................... 5.1.

LhDTKGP GP QIFhDIwRP GP MEjNKHVDIKF GPER.................................. 5.=

LhDTKGP GP QKFQENNEgP............................................................. 5.4

LhDTKGP GP QKFGPFNEDIKF QEVIMMEIHP............................................. 5.9LhDTKGP GP QKFGRQDIjIMIDh hMPQDHIwRP............................................ 5.15

LhDTKGP GP GhVMEQPLPFD MIFPEIHP................................................. 5.1.3

LhDTKGP GP GhNKHVDIKF GR MIwRIGP................................................ 5.

LhDTKGP GP GIUURNIKF … VPDIDN EFgMPN ERv HEOKFN ‚....................... 5.3

LhDTKGP GP GhVMEQPLPFD GPER GP MhQTEFDIMMKF NEDRHh VEH VHPNNIKF GEIH PF QHKINNEFQPhDEghP

5.1>

LhDTKGP GP GhVMEQPLPFD HhQIVHKwRP GPN MIwRIGPN......................... 5.11

LhDTKGP GP GhDPHLIFEDIKF GP ME VPHLhEjIMIDh … MEIH....................... 5.1

LhDTKGP GP GINVPHNIKF wRENIhMENDIwRP FPRDHKFIwRP....................... 5.

LPDEMMKgHEVTIP LIQHKNQKVIwRP..................................................... 5.1.=

LhDTKGP GP UKHQPH MP MIwRIGP … DHEfPHN RF QKHVN VKHPRv................. 5.1l

LhDTKGP GP LPNRHP GPN NRHUEQP.................................................. 5.1.4

LhDTKGP GP LIQHKNQKVIP hMPQDHKFIwRP.......................................... 5.1.5

LhDTKGP GP VPNEgP TOGHKNDEDIwRP .............................................. 5.l

LhDTKGP GP VKHKNILhDHIP GP LPHQRH............................................. 5.1l

LhDTKGP GP DŒDPRHN LKMhQRMEIHPN.................................................. 5.14

LhDTKGP GP NEDRHEDIKF PF ThMIRL.................................................. 5.1=LhDTKGP GP fEVPRHN GPER .......................................................... 5.9

LhDTKGP LhQEFIwRP.................................................................... 5.4

LhDTKGP VIQFKLhDHIwRP............................................................... 5.5

LhDTKGP VTKDKLhDHIwRP KVDIwRP................................................... 5.1.l

LhDTKGPN KVDIwRPN...................................................................... 5.1

VPHLhEjIMIDh GR LEDhHIER.............................................................. 4.5.1


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VKHPN.......................................................................................... 4.1

VKHPN ENNKQIhN............................................................................ 4.4

VKHPN QEVIMMEIHPN.......................................................................... 4.5

VKHPN QKLLRFIQEFDN .................................................................. 4.=

VKHPN UPHLhN............................................................................... 4.3

VKHPN IFDPHQKFFPQDhN................................................................... 4.4

VKHPN KRHfPHDN............................................................................. 4.

VKHPN KRfPHDN GRF QpDh............................................................... 4.l

VKHKNIDh ..................................................................................... 4.

VKDHKNIDh EVVEHPFDP..................................................................... 4.1>

VKHKNIDh KRfPHDP GRF QpDh QKFfPFDIKFPMMP..................................... 4.11

VKHKNIDh HhPMMP............................................................................. 4.9

VKHKNIDh DKDEMP............................................................................. 4.9

VKHKNILhDHIP................................................................................ 4.1NRHUEQP NVPQIUIwRP GP MPNVEQP GP VKHPN...................................... 4.

DPFNIKF NRVPHUIQIPMMP GP MIwRIGP..................................................... 5.1l.

А)ет0%'иY ,%0а+и0 %с#Yс0и тем#н#'

ана2и! мета22%


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мет%д 0инети0и '%д%,%


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,%ни"аем%ст матеиа2а ........................................................ 4.5.1

а!ме ,%B ............................................................................. 4.14

ас,еде2ение ,% ,% а!меам............................................... 4.13

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DSTU B A_1_1-53-94_ Metody opredeleniyaNo 25.docx

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