Drug Misuse Statistics Scotland · 2013-10-11 · Drug Misuse Statistics Scotland 2002 v Addendum...

Drug MisuseStatisticsScotland

2002

Information and Statistics Division

Edinburgh 2003

ii Drug Misuse Statistics Scotland 2002

© Common Services Agency/Crown Copyright 2003

Brief extracts from this publication may be reproducedprovided the source is fully acknowledged.

Proposals for the reproduction of large extracts shouldbe addressed to:

ISD PublicationsTrinity Park HouseEdinburgh EH5 3SQ

Price £30.00

Enquiries

For enquiries or comments about this publication please contact :

Customer Support DeskInformation & Statistics DivisionTrinity Park HouseEdinburgh, EH5 3SQ

Phone 0131 551 8899Fax 0131 551 1392

The web version of Drug Misuse Statistics Scotland 2002 is on the national website :www.drugmisuse.isdscotland.org

iiiDrug Misuse Statistics Scotland 2002

Contents

National Statistics releases from ISD ................................................................................. iv

Conventions ....................................................................................................................... iv

Addendum ( for Section B1) ................................................................................................ v

General introduction ......................................................................................................... 1

A Health impact of drug misuse .................................................................................. 2

A1 General acute hospital inpatient statistics ........................................................................................... 3

A2 Psychiatric inpatient statistics ............................................................................................................. 15

A3 Information from general practice ....................................................................................................... 24

A4 Drug misuse in pregnancy .................................................................................................................. 31

A5 Blood-borne viruses ............................................................................................................................. 37

A6 Drug-related deaths in Scotland ......................................................................................................... 47

B Services and treatment for drug misusers ............................................................ 54

B1 Scottish Drug Misuse Database ......................................................................................................... 55

Demographics ........................................................................................................................................................... 58Referral source & presenting issues ........................................................................................................................ 67Drug profiles ............................................................................................................................................................. 71Age profiles ............................................................................................................................................................... 86Routes of use & sharing behaviour .......................................................................................................................... 93Social information ................................................................................................................................................... 109Forms received ....................................................................................................................................................... 119

B2 GB Regional Drug Misuse Databases .............................................................................................. 127

B3 Prescription Statistics ........................................................................................................................ 128

B4 Criminal Justice interventions ........................................................................................................... 134

C Drug education in schools, 2000/01 ..................................................................... 135

C1 Drug education in schools, 2000/01 ................................................................................................. 135

D Prevalence of drug misuse ................................................................................... 139

D1 Scottish schools adolescent lifestyle and substance use survey, 2002 ......................................... 140

E Drugs and criminal justice .................................................................................... 149

E1 Drug-related offences and court proceedings .................................................................................. 151

E2 Seizures of controlled drugs ............................................................................................................. 158

E3 Drug misuse and treatment in Scottish prisons ............................................................................... 163

F Contacts ................................................................................................................. 167

iv Drug Misuse Statistics Scotland 2002

National Statistics releases from ISD

Information presented in this publication from ISD is derived from data sources which are classed as NationalStatistics releases. These include:

• General acute hospital inpatient statistics (SMR01)

• Psychiatric inpatient statistics (SMR04)

• Information from general practice (CMR)

• Drug misuse in pregnancy (SMR02, SMR11)

• Scottish drug misuse database (SMR24)

• Prescriptions relating to drug misuse (PIS)

National Statistics are produced to high professional standards, and adhere to commitments relating to integrity,confidentiality, data collection, liaison and consultation, openness, access and timeliness. National Statistics undergoregular quality assurance reviews to ensure that they meet customer needs, and they are produced free from politicalinterference.

National Statistics releases are grouped under one of 13 broad subject headings (themes); this publication belongs tothe Health and Care theme.

Further details on National Statistics are contained at the National Statistics website www.statistics.gov.uk; furtherinformation in relation to National Statistics and ISD Scotland is available from www.show.scot.nhs.uk/isd/National_statistics/index.htm.

For further information please contact: Philip Johnston – Tel 0131 551 8267 (email:[email protected]).

For further information on the non-ISD data please contact the appropriate organisation directly (see page 167) forcontact details.

National Statistics

Conventions

The following symbols and abbreviations have been used :

|| editorial comment(appears below footnotes)

- nil or negligible

. not applicable** not available

Percentages are shown in italics

Rates per 100 000 population are shown in italics

vDrug Misuse Statistics Scotland 2002

Addendum

Warning – Section B1 Scottish Drug Misuse Database

The figures shown for 2001/02 relating to Ayrshire and Arran NHS board area and North, South and EastAyrshire Council areas are incorrect, and relate to only six rather than 12 months. This problem affects alltables and related text in Section B1. All other sections of the bulletin are unaffected.

Implications

The effect of this data shortfall is to invalidate trends for Ayrshire & Arran NHS board and the relevant councilareas up to 2001/02. Comparison between Ayrshire and Arran authority figures and other areas would also beinappropriate for 2001/02.

This also affects the 2001/02 totals shown for Scotland. The incomplete record for Ayrshire & Arran is,however, a relatively small percentage of total database returns (6 per cent). It is therefore legitimate for thereader to accept the main findings of the report whilst also being aware of this shortfall.

Remedial action

In September 2003 ISD will publish an update of the Database section of the Bulletin containing revised figuresfor 2001/2 and new data relating to 2002/3.

Please accept our apologies for this inaccuracy.

ISD Drug Misuse Information Strategy TeamApril 2003

vi Drug Misuse Statistics Scotland 2002

1Drug Misuse Statistics Scotland 2002

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Drug misuse in Scotland – General introduction

About Drug Misuse Statistics Scotland 2002This publication presents the latest available information on drug misuse drawing from a wide range of nationaldata sources: national surveys; the Home Office; the Scottish Centre for Infection and Environmental Health;the Crime and Criminal Justice Unit at the Scottish Executive and ISD Scotland.

The information has been grouped within the following subject headings.

Health impact of drug misuse

Services and treatment for drug misusers

Drug education in schools

Prevalence of drug misuse

Drugs and criminal justice

Thanks are given to all the organisations supplying the information presented in this publication. Contact detailscan be found on page 167.

Drug Misuse Information Strategy Team

The Drug Misuse Information Strategy Team, which produced this publication, are part of the Information andStatistics Division (ISD) Scotland within NHSScotland.

The team:

• provides information support to Drug Action Teams, Local Authorities, NHS boards, specialist drug services,the Scottish Executive, and others;

• manages the Scottish Drug Misuse Database (SDMD), and ensures the effective and appropriate exploitationof other relevant data collected by ISD, e.g. hospital inpatient data;

• develops expertise in the use of available data to produce robust performance and activity indicators tomonitor the impact of national and local policies; and

• supports the research and analytical work of other organisations, subject to general strategic priorities andethical and legal considerations.

The team also provides an information service (ad hoc service) to organisations and individuals who wish to usethe data relating to drug misuse collected by ISD Scotland. For further information please contact 0131 551 8715or e-mail [email protected] or visit the website at www.drugmisuse.isdscotland.org.

ContactElaine Parry (Senior Information Officer) phone: 0131 551 8715 email: [email protected]

2 Drug Misuse Statistics Scotland 2002

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Health impact of drug misuseA

A1 General acute hospital inpatient statistics

A2 Psychiatric inpatient statistics

A3 Information from general practice

A4 Drug misuse in pregnancy

A5 Blood-borne viruses

A6 Drug-related deaths in Scotland


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IntroductionData for individual patients are collected by ISD Scotland as a series of Scottish Morbidity Records (SMR).

The SMR datasets constitute a significant local and national information resource, and are used for epidemio-logical monitoring, health needs assessment, national and local planning and a range of other applications.

SMR01 is an episode based patient record relating to all inpatients and day cases discharged from specialitiesother than mental health, maternity, neonatal and geriatric long stay specialities in the NHSScotland. A recordis generated for each inpatient and day case episode, of which there are about 1 200 000 each year. Eachindividual patient may have more than one episode. The SMR01 basic data set encompasses patient identifica-tion and demographic information, episode management information and general clinical information. Itemssuch as waiting time for inpatient or day case admission and length of stay may be derived from the episodemanagement information.

The tables and charts presented here are derived from the SMR01, and contain information about patientsadmitted to general hospitals (mainly for emergency treatment), where drugs misuse is diagnosed as a factor inthe patient’s treatment. Up to six diagnoses are recorded per admission, and episodes with either a main or asupplementary diagnosis of drugs misuse are included. In the tables of drug type (A1.2, A1.3 and A1.7), thereis an element of double counting as episodes may be associated with, for example, diagnoses of both opiate andcocaine misuse. Drugs misuse is recorded on the SMR returns using the codes available in the InternationalClassification of Diseases 10th Revision (ICD10). The following codes were used in the analysis presented inthis section:

ICD 10 Code DescriptionF11 Opioids

F12 Cannabinoids

F13 Sedatives / Hypnotics

F14 Cocaine

General acute hospital inpatient statisticsA1Key Points

Between 1997/98 and 2001/02, there was a 62 per cent increase in the number of generalacute admissions involving drug misuse. Throughout this period, slightly over two-thirdsof such admissions were amongst males. The majority (72 per cent) were aged 25 and overwhereas only a small number of admissions (44) were recorded amongst those under 15.(Table A1.1)

In 2001/02, nearly 50 per cent of admissions in the under 15 age group related tocannabinoid use and 20 per cent to the use of stimulants other than cocaine (e.g. ecstasyand amphetamines).The majority of admissions amongst those aged 20 years and overinvolved the use of opiates. (Table A1.2)

Just over 10 per cent of drug related admissions were elective in 2000/01, a very similarproportion to that seen in 2000/01. (Table A1.4)

Nearly 90 per cent of hospitalisations during 2001/02 involved a stay of less than 1 week,with the majority of the remainder being discharged within a month. Only 58 admissions(1 per cent) were for more than a month. (Table A1.6)

ICD 10 Code DescriptionF15 Other Stimulants

F16 Hallucinogens

F18 Volatile Solvents

F19 Multiple / Other Psychoactive Substances

Some caution is necessary when using these data as (a) drug misuse may only be suspected and may not alwaysbe recorded by the hospital, and (b) where drug misuse is recorded, it may not be possible to identify whichdrug(s) may be involved. An initial interpretation of the data is provided along with the tables and charts. Workcontinues on developing and refining our understanding of these analyses and a more in-depth interpretation willbe provided in future publications.


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Throughout the period 1997/98 to 2001/02, slightly over two-thirds of drug misuse admissions were amongstmales. The majority (72 per cent) were aged 25 and over, with only a small number of admissions (44) beingrecorded amongst those under 15. The age at admission has risen over the past five years (see Chart A1.2), withthe proportion in the 35+ age group increasing from 19 per cent in 1997/98 to 25 per cent in 2001/02. Acorresponding fall has been seen in the proportion under 25 (36 per cent to 28 per cent).

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Acute admissions for drug misuse 1997/98-2001/02A1.1

char

t

Changes in age distribution 1997/98-2001/02A1.2

Demographics (Table A1.1)During 2001/02, there were 4 736 admissions for drug misuse to acute general hospitals in Scotland. Just overa third of these (1 729) were in the Greater Glasgow Health Board area, with a further 10 per cent occurring ineach of Ayrshire & Arran, and Lothian. There were very few admissions in the Borders, the Highlands, and theIslands, with a total of 87 being recorded for these three Health Boards combined.

Between 1997/98 and 2001/02, there was a 62 per cent increase in the number of acute admissions. Increaseswere particulary seen in Lothian, where numbers had been falling (from 476 in 1997/98 to 422 in 2000/01) butrose by a third in the past year. Increases in excess of 35 per cent were also seen in Ayrshire & Arran and Dumfries& Galloway during 2001/02.

General acute hospital inpatient statistics

0

3000

4000

5000

2001/0222000/011999/0021998/991997/98

Year of admission

Num

ber

of a

dmis

sion

s

2 Figures for 2001/02 are provisional.

0

10

20

30

40

50

2001/02

2000/01

1999/00

1998/99

1997/98

35+25-34Under 25

Age Group

Per

cent

age


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Types of drugs misuse (Tables A1.2 and A1.3)Just over half of all admissions for drug misuse explicitly indicated the involvement of opiates, 5 per centcannabinoids, and 2 per cent cocaine (see table below). Nearly a third of admissions, however, specifiedproblems relating either to multiple drug use or to the use of other, unspecified psychoactive substances. Asopioid related admissions are likely to be recorded under multiple drug use, as well as under a specific diagnosis,the proportion of admissions involving opiates may be an underestimate.

Type of Drug No. of Admissions Percentage

Opioids 2 397 50.6

Multiple/Other 1 446 30.5

Hallucinogens 266 5.6

Other Stimulants 253 5.3

Cannabinoids 227 4.8

Sedatives/Hypnotics 184 3.9

Cocaine 100 2.1

Volatile Solvents 18 0.4Note: The above figures include an element of 'double counting' where a patient is recorded as having more than one drug-related diagnosis.

Patterns of drug use vary across Scotland with the highest proportion of drug related admissions involvingopiates being in Ayrshire & Arran (71 per cent), compared to 21 per cent in Tayside. This is matched, however,by a similarly wide variation in the use of multiple or other drugs which may indicate differences in recordingpractices. In relation to cocaine, the proportion varies from 0 per cent in the Forth Valley, to 3.6 per cent inLanarkshire, and 6.1 per cent in the Borders (although the numbers in this last area are small).

The types of drugs used are broadly similar for males and females. A slightly higher proportion of admissionsamongst females have an explicit diagnosis of opiate misuse (55 per cent to 49 per cent). For males, admissionsinvolving multiple/other drugs, which may include opiates, are more common (32 per cent to 28 per cent).

Large differences are seen across the age groups (see Chart A1.3), with the under 15s being unlikely to beadmitted for either opioid or cocaine use. Nearly 50 per cent of admissions in this age group relate to cannabinoiduse and 20 per cent to the use of stimulants other than cocaine (e.g. ecstasy and amphetamines). Over 50 per centof admissions in those aged 20+ involve the use of opiates, and the proportion involving multiple/other drugs,possibly including opiates, increases with age (16 per cent in the under 20s, 30 per cent amongst 20-29 year olds,and 34 per cent in the over 30s).

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Type of drugs misuse by age group 2001/02A1.3

Between 1997/98 and 2001/02, there was a rise of more than 10 per cent in the proportion of admissions involvingopiates. In contrast, there was a decline in the proportion associated with the use of multiple/other drugs (36 percent to 31 per cent), indicating a possible change in recording practices. The proportion involving sedatives fellfrom 7.4 per cent to 3.9 per cent. Admissions involving cocaine increased, although the overall proportioninvolved is still low (0.9 per cent to 2.1 per cent).


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

30+

20-29

Under 20

Multiple/Other

SolventsHallucin-ogens

Otherstimulants

CocaineSedativesCanna-binoids

Opioids

Type of drug

Per

cent

age


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Hospital episode details (Tables A1.4, A1.5, A1.6, A1.7)Just over 10% of drug related admissions were elective in 2001/02, a very similar proportion to that seen in 2000/01 (see Drug Misuse Statistics Scotland 2001). This was broadly the same for both males and females. Somedifferences were seen by age (see Chart A1.4), with only 2 out of 44 (5 per cent) admissions being elective inthe under 15 age group, compared to 18 per cent in the 35 and over group. (Table A1.4)

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Elective admissions for drugs misuse 2001/02A1.4

The majority of admissions were within the specialisations of general medicine (53 per cent) and general surgery(17 per cent). A further 19 per cent were split more or less equally between communicable diseases, A&E, andorthopaedics. The reminder were across a range of specialties, including cardiology and plastic surgery. Therewere some variations across Scotland. Over 10 per cent of admissions were to communicable diseases in Fife,Grampian, Lanarkshire, and Lothian. Admissions to A&E were more common in Ayrshire & Arran (20 per cent),Grampian (25 per cent), and Tayside (18 per cent). These regional variations could reflect a difference inadmission policies, for example A&E beds are available in Ayrshire and Arran but not in all areas. Females weremore likely to be admitted to general medicine (56 per cent to 52 per cent) and to communicable diseases (6.9per cent to 5.5 per cent). Amongst males, admissions to A&E (7.0 per cent to 5.2 per cent) and orthopaedics (7.0per cent to 4.1 per cent) were more common. (Table A1.5)

Nearly 90 per cent of hospitalisations involved a stay of less than 1 week, with the majority of the remainderbeing discharged within a month. Only 58 admissions (1.2 per cent) were for more than a month. A similar patternwas seen for both males and females, but the length of stay did increase steadily with age (see table below).Admissions involving cannabinoids, cocaine, other stimulants, and volatile solvents were generally dischargedwithin a week. Longer periods of hospitalisation occurred amongst those admitted for misuse of opioids,hallucinogens, and multiple/other drugs, with approximately 88 per cent being discharged within a week, andmost of the rest being admitted for less than a month. The longest stays were in the group admitted with problemsrelating to sedative/hypnotic misuse: 81 per cent for less than a week, 16 per cent for less than a month, and 3.3per cent for greater than a month. (Tables A1.6 and A1.7)

Age Group <1 Week 1 Week-1 Month 1-3 Months >3 Months

0-14 100.0

15-19 96.5 3.5

20-24 94.6 4.7 0.7

25-29 89.7 9.2 1.0

30-34 87.7 11.0 1.3

35+ 82.1 15.7 1.7 0.5


0

5

10

15

20

35+30-3425-2920-2415-19Under 15

Age Group

Per

cent

age


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A1.1 General acute admissions for drug misuse : 1997/98 - 2001/02NHS board and council area of residence, age group and gender

1 Orkney, Shetland and Western Isles NHS boards.2 Other includes patients resident outwith Scotland or those where NHS board or council area is not known.3 Eilean Siar, Moray, Orkney and Shetland councils.

r Revised.p Provisional.

Source: ISD Scotland (SMR01).

1997/98 r

1998/99 r

1999/00 r

2000/01 r

2001/02p

2 931 3 810 4 110 4 627 4 736

198 274 334 339 369 206 309 314 413 569

36 27 26 40 33 75 81 68 74 101

104 153 210 231 220 92 123 114 102 124

323 343 424 443 428 1 085 1 567 1 615 1 914 1 729

29 33 45 44 39 105 185 199 318 306 476 500 486 422 562 133 118 127 154 107

8 15 20 8 15 41 56 107 92 115 20 26 21 33 19

276 277 357 365 336 43 60 62 68 78 21 18 17 21 19 18 28 41 32 29 84 112 126 134 208 57 88 105 168 230 64 109 83 111 131 36 27 26 40 33 19 27 18 19 18 75 81 68 74 101 19 23 33 43 27 38 33 62 83 102 95 72 57 87 65

383 385 353 294 415 55 55 54 50 62

104 153 210 231 220 977 1 447 1 506 1 748 1 552

29 33 45 44 39 112 157 139 157 164

66 140 136 254 234 102 121 112 146 156

22 37 33 32 40 35 35 63 65 73 33 39 36 30 34 17 28 53 46 23 35 63 96 80 103 18 15 20 19 29 18 41 40 32 42 12 21 25 18 29 41 56 107 92 115 27 29 27 44 29

43 30 22 26 44 353 401 409 379 374 661 885 931 893 897 683 968 1 073 1 149 1 157 624 825 925 1 100 1 082 567 701 750 1 080 1 182

1 985 2 668 2 899 3 163 3 264 946 1 142 1 211 1 464 1 472

Scotland

by NHS board

Argyll & ClydeAyrshire & ArranBordersDumfries & GallowayFifeForth ValleyGrampianGreater GlasgowHighlandLanarkshireLothianTaysideIsland boards1

No fixed abodeOther / not known2

by council area

Aberdeen CityAberdeenshireAngusArgyll & ButeAyrshire EastAyrshire NorthAyrshire SouthBordersClackmannanshireDumfries & GallowayDunbartonshire EastDunbartonshire WestDundee CityEdinburgh CityFalkirkFifeGlasgow CityHighlandInverclydeLanarkshire NorthLanarkshire SouthLothian EastLothian WestMidlothianPerth & KinrossRenfrewshireRenfrewshire EastStirlingOther council areas 3


by age group

0-1415-1920-2425-2930-3435+

by gender

MalesFemales



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4 736 2 397 227 184 100 253 266 18 1 446

369 243 14 15 5 14 9 1 76 569 405 42 30 6 72 7 2 38

33 7 5 2 2 11 1 - 8 101 70 10 3 2 2 2 1 12 220 68 14 14 3 9 104 1 18 124 51 3 19 - 8 21 - 26 428 282 15 21 9 39 50 3 20

1 729 690 51 19 39 30 18 3 906 39 13 3 2 1 5 4 1 10

306 199 10 3 11 13 20 1 52 562 283 50 43 15 32 11 5 171 107 22 8 8 3 10 10 - 47

15 4 - 2 - 6 - - 3 115 53 1 3 - 1 7 - 53

19 7 1 - 4 1 2 - 6

336 236 9 14 5 27 38 3 10 78 43 4 5 2 12 11 - 5 19 3 - 1 2 4 3 - 6 29 7 3 3 - 6 2 1 8

208 166 12 8 3 22 2 2 7 230 154 23 18 1 31 1 - 17 131 85 7 4 2 19 4 - 14

33 7 5 2 2 11 1 - 8 18 7 - 3 - 1 5 - 2

101 70 10 3 2 2 2 1 12 27 5 1 1 2 1 - - 17

102 48 2 2 1 3 4 - 44 65 17 6 5 - 6 3 - 29

415 215 34 29 11 17 1 1 141 62 22 - 16 - 4 4 - 19

220 68 14 14 3 9 104 1 18 1 552 600 41 15 34 21 16 3 843

39 13 3 2 1 5 4 1 10 164 122 - 5 - 2 1 - 34 234 173 6 1 8 6 7 1 33 156 86 10 4 6 15 14 - 29

40 23 7 1 1 2 - - 8 73 26 4 9 3 12 10 3 13 34 19 5 4 - 1 - 1 9 23 2 2 2 1 - 4 - 12

103 65 8 3 4 3 3 - 22 29 21 3 3 - - - - 2 42 22 3 - - 3 12 - 3 29 7 2 4 2 6 1 - 8

115 53 1 3 - 1 7 - 53 29 13 2 - 4 1 2 - 10

44 2 20 2 - 8 1 8 7 374 134 60 26 4 86 31 5 61 897 481 45 36 17 67 62 2 230

1 157 590 44 22 31 38 85 - 376 1 082 583 22 30 20 25 54 2 369 1 182 607 36 68 28 29 33 1 403

3 264 1 590 181 125 76 183 185 9 1 032 1 472 807 46 59 24 70 81 9 414

Total Opioids Cannab- Sedatives/ Cocaine Other Halluc- Volatile Multiple /admissions inoids Hypnotics Stimulants5 inogens solvents Other 6

A1.2 General acute admissions for drug misuse ; drug type1 : 2001/02p

NHS board and council area of residence, age group and gender

1 The figures shown include an element of ‘double counting’ where a patient is recorded as having more than one drug type e.g opioids and cannabinoids.2 Orkney, Shetland and Western Isles NHS boards.3 Other includes patients outwith Scotland or those whose NHS board or council area is not known.4 Eilean Siar, Moray, Orkney and Shetland councils.5 Including caffeine.6 Disorders due to multiple drug use and use of other psychoactive substances.

p Provisional.

Source : ISD Scotland (SMR01).

Scotland

by NHS board



by council area

Aberdeen CityAberdeenshireAngusArgyll & ButeAyrshire EastAyrshire NorthAyrshire SouthBordersClackmannanshireDumfries & GallowayDunbartonshire EastDunbartonshire WestDundee CityEdinburgh CityFalkirkFifeGlasgow CityHighlandInverclydeLanarkshire NorthLanarkshire SouthLothian EastLothian WestMidlothianPerth & KinrossRenfrewshireRenfrewshire EastStirlingOther council areas4


by age group

0-1415-1920-2425-2930-3435+

by gender

MalesFemales



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A1.3 General acute admissions for drug misuse : 1997/98r - 2001/02p

drug type1

1997/98r

1 166 129 216 26 195 198 24 1 063 2 9311998/99

r 1 615 252 238 40 260 245 35 1 298 3 810

1999/00r

1 727 198 212 40 216 237 39 1 574 4 1102000/01

r 2 117 168 187 56 209 320 25 1 659 4 627

2001/02 p

2 397 227 184 100 253 266 18 1 446 4 736

1 The figures shown include an element of ‘double counting’ where a patient is recorded as having more than one drug type e.gopioids and cannabinoids.

2 Including caffeine.3 Disorders due to multiple drug use and use of other psychoactive substances.



Opioids Cannab- Sedatives/ Cocaine Other Halluc- Volatile Multiple/ Totalinoids Hypnotics Stimulants2 inogens solvents Other 3 admissions


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4 736 554 4 182

369 39 330 569 50 519

33 1 32 101 16 85 220 33 187 124 14 110 428 59 369

1 729 199 1 530 39 2 37

306 45 261 562 72 490 107 18 89

15 2 13 115 4 111

19 - 19

336 43 293 78 12 66 19 5 14 29 3 26

208 18 190 230 15 215 131 17 114

33 1 32 18 1 17

101 16 85 27 3 24

102 16 86 65 10 55

415 52 363 62 6 56

220 33 187 1 552 175 1 377

39 2 37 164 16 148 234 36 198 156 19 137

40 8 32 73 10 63 34 2 32 23 3 20

103 12 91 29 3 26 42 7 35 29 6 23

115 4 111 29 - 29

44 2 42 374 20 354 897 72 825

1 157 127 1 030 1 082 126 956 1 182 207 975

3 264 402 2 862 1 472 152 1 320


A1.4 General acute admissions for drug misuse ; type of admission :2001/02p


Scotland

by NHS board



by council area

Aberdeen CityAberdeenshireAngusArgyll & ButeAyrshire EastAyrshire NorthAyrshire SouthBordersClackmannanshireDumfries & GallowayDunbartonshire EastDunbartonshire WestDundee CityEdinburgh CityFalkirkFifeGlasgow CityHighlandInverclydeLanarkshire NorthLanarkshire SouthLothian EastLothian WestMidlothianPerth & KinrossRenfrewshireRenfrewshire EastStirlingOther council areas3


by age group

0-1415-1920-2425-2930-3435+

by gender

MalesFemales

1 Orkney, Shetland and Western Isles NHS boards.2 Other includes patients resident outwith Scotland or those where NHS board or council area of residence is not known.3 Eilean Siar, Moray, Orkney and Shetland councils.4 Includes deferred, waiting list, repeat admissions and booked cases.

p Provisional.


TotalAdmissions Elective 4 Emergency


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4 736 2 519 40 281 52 426 371 304 58 319 52 31 283

369 237 - - - 63 3 11 1 34 1 3 16 569 263 2 - - 2 77 112 9 47 3 4 50

33 27 - - - - 2 - - 1 - - 3 101 68 - - - 17 - - - 3 - 2 11 220 102 2 25 5 - 40 - 4 27 2 1 12 124 74 3 1 - 16 2 - 1 14 - 1 12 428 167 3 45 9 1 24 108 8 9 5 - 49

1 729 905 16 98 14 233 195 31 25 106 23 15 68 39 15 - 1 - 12 - 1 1 4 - 1 4

306 170 7 32 - 42 4 12 1 25 - 1 12 562 354 4 64 21 9 13 - 8 38 14 2 35 107 41 2 8 2 16 5 19 - 4 1 1 8

15 10 - - - 2 - - - 1 - - 2 115 73 1 7 1 10 5 9 - 5 3 - 1

19 13 - - - 3 1 1 - 1 - - -

336 131 3 39 8 1 15 88 7 5 5 - 34 78 33 - 6 - - 7 19 - 4 - - 9 19 10 1 2 - 2 - - - 1 - - 3 29 18 - - - 1 - - - 1 - - 9

208 95 1 - - - 36 37 3 21 - 1 14 230 129 1 - - 2 32 26 4 16 2 2 16 131 39 - - - - 9 49 2 10 1 1 20

33 27 - - - - 2 - - 1 - - 3 18 8 - - - 1 - - - 7 - - 2

101 68 - - - 17 - - - 3 - 2 11 27 12 - 4 - 7 - - - - - - 4

102 62 - 15 1 12 3 - 2 3 - 2 2 65 20 1 6 2 12 1 19 - 1 1 - 2

415 250 4 56 17 2 10 - 7 33 8 2 26 62 41 3 1 - 8 - - - 1 - - 8

220 102 2 25 5 - 40 - 4 27 2 1 12 1 552 820 16 79 13 200 188 31 23 87 22 13 60

39 15 - 1 - 12 - 1 1 4 - 1 4 164 118 - - - 38 - - - 6 - - 2 234 121 6 28 - 35 2 11 1 20 - 1 9 156 91 1 3 - 28 6 - - 17 1 2 7

40 23 - 3 4 - 1 - - 3 - - 6 73 54 - 1 - 7 1 - 1 2 5 - 2 34 27 - 4 - - 1 - - - 1 - 1 23 11 - - - 2 4 - - 2 - 1 3

103 52 - - - 12 3 9 - 22 1 1 3 29 13 - - - 5 - 2 1 8 - - - 42 24 - - - 6 2 - 1 6 - 1 2 29 13 - - 1 2 2 1 1 1 - - 8

115 73 1 7 1 10 5 9 - 5 3 - 1 29 19 - 1 - 4 1 2 - 2 - - -

44 20 - - - - - 5 - 3 - - 16 374 226 3 8 1 20 15 56 1 17 - 5 22 897 504 2 40 6 85 47 78 12 72 7 6 38

1 157 628 4 65 17 88 121 79 17 62 19 8 49 1 082 542 13 80 8 126 96 44 9 88 13 8 55 1 182 599 18 88 20 107 92 42 19 77 13 4 103

3 264 1 698 34 179 28 285 258 227 42 258 40 - 215 1 472 821 6 102 24 141 113 77 16 61 12 31 68

A1.5 General acute admissions for drug misuse ; speciality : 2001/02p


Scotland

by NHS board

Argyll & ClydeAyrshire & ArranBordersDumfries & GallowayFifeForth ValleyGrampianGreater GlasgowHighlandLanarkshireLothianTaysideIsland boards 1


by council area



by age group

0-1415-1920-2425-2930-3435+

by gender

MalesFemales

Total General Cardio- Commun- Respir- General General A & E Anaes- Ortho- Plastic Gynae- Otheradmissions Medicine logy icable atory Surgery Surgery thetics paedics Surgery cology

Diseases Medicine (exclVascular)

1 Orkney, Shetland and Western Isles NHS boards.2 Other includes patients resident outwith Scotland or those where NHS board or council area of residence is not known.3 Eilean Siar, Moray, Orkney and Shetland councils.

p Provisional.




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4 736 4 212 466 52 6

369 337 30 1 1 569 515 50 3 1

33 30 2 1 - 101 88 13 - - 220 200 18 2 - 124 103 18 3 - 428 383 39 5 1

1 729 1 522 185 21 1 39 37 1 1 -

306 277 24 4 1 562 494 60 7 1 107 90 16 1 -

15 12 3 - - 115 106 6 3 -

19 18 1 - -

336 301 32 3 - 78 73 3 2 - 19 15 4 - - 29 28 1 - -

208 191 14 2 1 230 210 20 - - 131 114 16 1 -

33 30 2 1 - 18 17 1 - -

101 88 13 - - 27 23 4 - -

102 92 8 2 - 65 55 9 1 -

415 361 46 7 1 62 48 12 2 -

220 200 18 2 - 1 552 1 364 169 18 1

39 37 1 1 - 164 146 16 1 1 234 210 20 3 1 156 145 9 2 -

40 36 4 - - 73 63 10 - - 34 34 - - - 23 20 3 - -

103 95 8 - - 29 25 4 - - 42 36 5 1 - 29 21 7 - 1

115 106 6 3 - 29 28 1 - -

44 44 - - - 374 361 13 - - 897 849 42 6 -

1 157 1 038 107 12 - 1 082 949 119 14 - 1 182 971 185 20 6

3 264 2 915 311 32 6 1 472 1 297 155 20 -


Total less than between 1 week between 1 month more thanadmissions 1 week and 1 month and 3 months 3 months

A1.6 General acute admissions for drug misuse ; length of stay : 2001/02p


1 Orkney, Shetland and Western Isles NHS boards.2 Other includes patients resident outwith Scotland or those where NHS board or council area of residence is not known.3 Eilean Siar, Moray, Orkney and Shetland councils.

p Provisional.


Scotland

by NHS board

Argyll & ClydeAyrshire & ArranBordersDumfries & GallowayFifeForth ValleyGrampianGreater GlasgowHighlandLanarkshireLothianTaysideIsland boards 1


by council area



by age group

0-1415-1920-2425-2930-3435+

by gender

MalesFemales


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A1.7 General acute admissions for drug misuse; length of stay : 2001/02p

drug type

1 Including caffeine.2 Disorders due to multiple drug use and use of other psychoactive substances.

p Provisional.


Total Less than Between 1 week Between 1 month More thanAdmissions 1 week and 1 month and 3 months 3 months

Opioids 2 397 2 118 252 24 3Cannabinoids 227 224 3 - -Sedatives/hypnotics 184 149 29 5 1Cocaine 100 93 7 - -Other stimulants 1 253 243 9 1 -Hallucinogens 266 239 24 2 1Volatile solvents 18 18 - - -Multiple/Other 2 1 446 1 275 149 21 1


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Psychiatric inpatient statisticsA2

IntroductionTables A2.1 to A2.6 contain information on admissions to and discharges from mental illness specialties. Thesestatistics are derived from data collected through the mental health inpatient and day case return (SMR04) whichrecords information at admission and discharge. On the SMR04 form, up to six separate diagnoses can berecorded on discharge. A diagnosis in the first position is the principal diagnosis on discharge. A diagnosis ‘inany position’, refers to the occurrence of a diagnosis in any of the six positions (including first andsupplementary).

Figures for all admissions, re-admissions and discharges relate to the number of episodes not to the number ofindividual patients admitted or discharged. Each individual may have more than one episode. First admissionsrelate to first ever admissions to a mental illness specialty, and therefore approximate to the number of people.It is also important to note that re-admissions will include patients who have returned for treatment after a longperiod of time, as well as those who have been diagnosed after a short interval.

Diagnosis is recorded on both the admission and the discharge part of the record and diagnosis on discharge maydiffer from diagnosis on admission. The tables presented here are based on diagnosis on discharge. Drugs misuseis defined using the same group of ICD 10 codes outlined in section A1 (page 4). In Tables A2.2 - A2.4 diagnoseshave been grouped together into the following short list of conditions based on the International Classificationof Diseases 10th Revision (ICD10):

ICD10 Code DescriptionF00 – F03 Dementia

F10.1 – F10.9 Alcohol Misuse

F11.1 – F19.9 Drug Misuse

F20 Schizophrenia

F30-F39 Mood (Affective) Disorders

F31 Bipolar Affective Disorders

F32 Depressive Episode

F33 Recurrent Depressive Disorder

F04, F05, F22, F23, F24, F25 Other Psychotic Disorders

F80, F81, F82, F84, F88, F89, F90, F93, F94 Disorders of Childhood

F40 – F48 Neurotic, Stress-related and Somatoform Disorders

F60 Personality Disorders

F70 – F79 Mental Handicap

All other codes from chapter 5 Other Conditions

Key Points

There were 33 987 psychiatric discharges during 2000/01, 1 134 (3.3 per cent) of which hada main diagnosis of drugs misuse, making it the 9th most common condition. (Tables A2.1and A2.2)

Just over two-thirds of drugs misuse discharges were amongst males. The majority were inthose aged 25 and over, with 62 per cent of main diagnoses, and 67 per cent of all diagnoses,being made in these age groups. Only a handful (3 main, 4 all) were under 15 years old. (TableA2.5)

Over the five-year period 1996/97 to 2000/01, the number of psychiatric discharges for drugsmisuse increased by 12 per cent for the main diagnosis, and by 28 per cent for all diagnosis.(Table A2.1)

In the under 20's, cannabinoid-related diagnoses are more likely (13 per cent in the under 20s,4.4 per cent amongst the 20-29 year olds, and 6.1 per cent in the over 30s), and problems withopiates are less common (27 per cent, 34 per cent, 31 per cent). (Table A2.5)

Periods of hospitalisation are generally longer for psychiatric admissions, with the proportionof patients being discharged in less than a week being 42 per cent compared to 89 per centfor general acute admissions. (Table A2.6)


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Psychiatric inpatient statistics

char

t

Main diagnosis relating to psychiatric discharge 2001/02A2.1

As with both SMR01 (see section A1), just over two-thirds of drugs misuse discharges were amongst males. Themajority were in those aged 25 and over, with 62 per cent of main diagnoses, and 67 per cent of all diagnoses,being made in these age groups. Only a handful (3 main, 4 all) were under 15 years old. Drug-related dischargesmost commonly occurred in the Greater Glasgow NHS Board (25 per cent of the total), and very few were seenin the Borders, the Highlands, and the Islands (5 per cent combined). (Table A2.1)

Over the five-year period 1996/97 to 2000/01, the number of psychiatric discharges for drugs misuse increasedby 12 per cent for the main diagnosis, and by 28 per cent for all diagnoses. For first admissions alone, the numberwith a main diagnosis of drugs misuse actually fell by 3.8 per cent, and only a modest increase (2.0 per cent)was seen in all diagnoses, suggesting that much of the rise is due to an increase in the number of readmissions.A more detailed examination of the trend (see Chart A2.2) shows that, whilst discharges did increase up to1999/00, there has been a sizeable decrease over the past year. It should be noted, however, that the figures forthe last available year (2000/01) are provisional, and it is possible that the number of discharges may increaseslightly for this year. (Table A2.1)

Note: Figures for 2000/01 are provisional

Differences between the figures published here, and those published in the previous (2001) edition of DrugsMisuse Statistics Scotland will reflect an increased completeness of records received from a number of NHSBoard areas.

An inital interpretation of the data is provided along with the tables. Work continues on developing and refiningour understanding of these analyses and a more in-depth interpretation will be provided in future publications.

Demographics (Tables A2.1, A2.2, A2.3, A2.4)There were 33 987 psychiatric discharges during 2000/01, 1 134 (3.3 per cent) of which had a main diagnosisof drugs misuse, making it the 9th most common condition (see Chart A2.1). It was the primary diagnosis forslightly more first admissions (4.8 per cent) than readmissions (2.8 per cent), but one possible explanation maybe the high proportion of patients with chronic conditions involving repeat admissions, for example schizophrenia.Only 30 per cent of discharges with a main drugs misuse diagnosis also listed supplementary diagnoses, the mostcommon being mood affective disorders (18 per cent of discharges with a main diagnosis of drugs misuse) anddisorders due to alcohol use (13 per cent). In the 584 cases where drugs misuse was given as the second diagnosison discharge, schizophrenia (27 per cent), mood affective disorders (20 per cent), and disorders due to alcoholuse (17 per cent) were the most common primary diagnoses.

0

5

10

15

20

25

Child-hood

Person-ality

DrugsMisuse

OtherPsychotic

NeuroticOtherLearningDisability

AlcoholMisuse

Schizo-phrenia

DementiaMood(Affective)

Per

cent

age

Diagnosis


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Psychiatric discharges for drugs misuse 1996/97- 2001/02A2.2

Type of drugs misuse (Table A2.5)Nearly a third of all psychiatric discharges for drug misuse explicitly indicated the involvement of opiates, 11per cent stimulants other than cocaine, and 5.9 per cent cannabinoids. Over 40 per cent of discharges, however,specified problems relating either to multiple drug use or to the use of other, unspecified psychoactivesubstances. As with SMR01, opioid-related discharges are likely to be recorded under multiple drug use, as wellas under a specific diagnosis, and the proportion of psychiatric discharges involving opiates is, therefore, likelyto be an underestimate. Cocaine was listed in only 4 (0.4 per cent) discharges (see table below).

Type of Drug No. of Discharges PercentageMultiple/Other 502 44.3

Opioids 364 32.1

Other Stimulants 125 11.0

Cannabinoids 67 5.9

Sedatives/Hypnotics 61 5.4

Hallucinogens 6 0.5

Volatile Solvents 5 0.4

Cocaine 4 0.4Note:The above figures are based on the main diagnosis alone and hence, unlike the equivalent acute admissions table, each patient is recorded as having only one drug-related

diagnosis

Wide variations are again seen across Scotland, with the highest proportion of psychiatric discharges involvingopiates being in Dumfries & Galloway (59 per cent), compared to 15 per cent in Fife. The reverse pattern is,however, seen with respect to multiple/other drug use, suggesting possible differences in recording practices.Although regional variations in relation to cocaine cannot be examined due to very small numbers, differencescan be seen in the proportion of discharges involving stimulants of other types (32 per cent Greater Glasgow,1.2 per cent Ayrshire & Arran).

Psychiatric discharges explicitly indicating the involvement of opiates are more likely amongst females (39 percent to 29 per cent). Diagnoses of multiple/other drug misuse are, however, recorded more often for males (46per cent to 39 per cent). The actual level of opiate use amongst males is, therefore, likely to be closer to that forfemales. The types of drugs used are otherwise broadly similar by gender with the exception of sedatives/hypnotics (11 per cent (female) to 4.8 per cent (male)) and other stimulants (7.5 per cent (female) to 13 per cent(male)).

As with general acute admissions, differences are seen across the age groups (see Chart A2.3), although theseare not as marked. In the youngest age group, cannabinoid-related diagnoses are more likely (13 per cent in theunder 20s, 4.4 per cent amongst the 20-29 year olds, and 6.1 per cent in the over 30s), and problems with opiatesare less common (27 per cent, 34 per cent, 31 per cent). In contrast to SMR01, diagnoses relating to the use ofstimulants other than cocaine increase with age, from 5.8 per cent in those under 20 to 14 per cent in the 30+ agegroup.


0

500

1000

1500

2000

1st Adm - All Diag

1st Adm - Main Diag

All Adm - All Diag

All Adm - Main Diag

2000/011999/001998/991997/981996/97

Year of discharge

Num

ber

of d

isch

arge

s


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Period of hospitalisation 2001/02A2.4

char

t

Types of drugs misuse by age group 2001/02A2.3

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

30+

20-29

Under 20

Multiple/Other

SolventsHallucin-ogens

Otherstimulants

CocaineSedativesCanna-binoids

Opioids

Type of drug

Per

cent

age

0

10

20

30

40

50

Readmission

Ist admission

Overall

>3 Months1-3 Months1 Week- 1 Month<1 Week

Period of stay

Per

cent

age

Over the past year, the largest change in the types of drugs recorded has been in relation to multiple/other drugswhere the proportion has fallen from 52 per cent, to 44 per cent. This contrasts with a slight increase in theproportion of discharges including the specific drug diagnoses (possibly indicating a change in recordingpractices), the most notable of which is stimulants other than cocaine (7.2 per cent to 11 per cent), (see DrugMisuse Statistics Scotland 2001).

Hospital episode details (Table A2.6)Periods of hospitalisation are generally longer for psychiatric admissions (see Chart A2.4), with the proportionof patients being discharged in less than a week being 42 per cent compared to 89 per cent for acute admissions.Furthermore, longer stays are also seen amongst readmissions (20 per cent >1 month) than amongst firstadmissions (12 per cent >1 month). Similar patterns are seen for males and females, but there are somedifferences by age. The proportion of hospitalisations under a week is lowest in the 35+ age group (33.2 per centto 44 per cent for the other groups combined). Conversely, 45 per cent of the over 35s are admitted for between1 week and 1 month, compared to 34 per cent of the under 20s. Longer periods of stay (>1 month) are broadlysimilar across the age groups.



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All admissions 1 010 1 384 1 159 1 721 1 177 1 784 1 266 1 936 1 134 1 771First admission 394 501 456 599 450 581 476 601 379 511

by NHS board of residence

Argyll & Clyde 98 139 119 187 115 190 112 179 148 226Ayrshire & Arran 101 131 164 207 168 238 176 235 161 204Borders 35 43 20 33 24 39 29 36 24 33Dumfries & Galloway 30 35 37 46 28 40 24 37 29 48Fife 36 56 59 99 58 93 59 84 46 71Forth Valley 52 74 48 66 38 67 37 71 38 74Grampian 72 83 54 67 51 64 54 83 51 71Greater Glasgow 232 286 285 422 310 437 343 490 286 424Highland 23 41 28 50 32 48 48 75 33 51Lanarkshire 79 100 96 120 104 137 100 131 116 164Lothian 103 183 110 194 107 172 131 243 93 199Tayside 97 141 97 167 92 178 71 158 50 103Island Boards 3 3 3 - 2 1 1 2 3 2 6Other/not known 4 49 69 42 61 49 80 80 111 57 97

by council area

Aberdeen City 46 53 35 43 36 43 38 52 28 37Aberdeenshire 17 21 15 20 9 11 12 16 11 13Angus 14 17 9 15 9 12 12 19 10 14Argyll and Bute 8 8 16 18 12 15 12 15 13 14Ayreshire East 41 56 49 62 34 52 63 82 55 67Ayrshire North 38 48 78 103 96 126 67 95 66 86Ayrshire South 20 25 35 40 38 59 41 52 37 48Borders 35 43 20 33 24 39 29 36 24 33Clackmannanshire 6 8 5 8 7 10 8 11 11 18Dumfries and Galloway 30 35 37 46 28 40 24 37 29 48Dunbartonshire East 8 9 14 18 7 11 22 28 17 20Dunbartonshire West 41 48 51 70 18 41 22 48 10 20Dundee City 59 93 69 124 57 106 48 92 29 62Edinburgh City 67 125 73 138 73 129 81 144 49 113Falkirk 26 37 17 28 16 30 15 36 17 29Fife 36 55 59 97 58 93 59 84 46 71Glasgow City 184 229 240 360 283 393 297 420 260 382Highland 23 41 28 50 32 48 48 75 33 51Inverclyde 14 26 7 14 26 40 29 53 27 46Lanarkshire North 66 87 74 92 70 92 55 73 57 84Lanarkshire South 30 32 32 42 41 55 52 70 62 88Lothian East 10 14 8 16 4 4 15 22 10 12Lothian West 11 18 16 21 15 18 26 51 21 45Midlothian 15 26 12 18 15 21 9 26 12 28Perth and Kinross 24 31 20 29 26 60 11 47 11 27Renfrewshire 37 57 56 93 55 88 57 76 81 118Renfrewshire East 18 25 9 20 17 27 7 12 20 39Stirling 18 27 25 29 15 27 14 24 10 27Other Council Areas 5 12 12 4 6 7 11 6 18 14 27Other/not known 3 56 78 46 68 49 83 87 122 64 104

A2.1 Psychiatric inpatient discharges with a diagnosis of drug misuse1,2 ;discharge diagnosis : 1996/97r - 2000/01p

previous psychiatric inpatient status, NHS board of residence and council area of residence

1996/97r 1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r 2000/01p

Main All Main All Main All Main All Main All

1 Excludes misuse of tobacco or alcohol.2 ‘Main’ is the Primary diagnosis; ‘All’ includes supplementary diagnoses.3 Orkney, Shetland and Western Isles NHS boards.4 ‘Other’ includes patients resident outwith Scotland or those where NHS board or council area of residence is not known.5 Eilean Siar, Moray, Orkney and Shetland councils.





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All discharges1,2

DementiaMental and behavioural disorders due to use of alcoholMental and behavioural disorders due to drug misuseSchizophrenia

Mood (affective) disorders- Bipolar affective disorder- Depressive episode- Recurrent depressive disorder

Other psychotic disordersDisorders of ChildhoodNeurotic, stress related and somatoform disordersPersonality disorderMental handicapOther

First admissions2




Re-admissions2,3




1 Includes type of admission ‘not known’.2 Includes patients with learning disabilities.3 Includes transfers in from other psychiatric inpatient care.

p Provisional.


A2.2 Psychiatric inpatient discharges by main dischargediagnosis : 2000/01p

all discharges by previous psychiatric inpatient status and gender

Total Males Females

33 987 17 818 16 169

4 947 2 126 2 821 3 888 2 730 1 158 1 134 788 346 4 614 3 262 1 352

8 438 3 248 5 190 2 122 883 1 239 4 520 1 689 2 831 1 134 345 789

1 746 989 757 534 304 230

2 006 847 1 159 1 074 381 693 2 817 1 680 1 137 2 789 1 463 1 326

7 908 3 952 3 956

1 645 658 987 1 051 738 313

379 260 119 418 276 142

2 170 885 1 285 197 81 116

1 651 687 964 170 50 120

600 319 281 34 27 7

737 335 402 146 79 67 152 86 66 576 289 287

25 128 13 387 11 741

3 028 1 364 1 664 2 720 1 909 811

710 497 213 4 125 2 935 1 190

6 074 2 292 3 782 1 904 796 1 108 2 746 957 1 789

932 285 647 1 086 644 442

500 277 223 1 216 485 731

898 289 609 2 601 1 548 1 053 2 170 1 147 1 023



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1 Excludes misuse of tobacco or alcohol as a supplementary diagnosis.2 As an individual may have a number of diagnoses in any discharge record, some individuals may appear in more than one column.

p Provisional.


584 399 185 105 69 36 7 3 4

2 2 - 3 3 - - - -98 66 32 20 13 7 1 1 -36 26 10 7 6 1 - - -

155 137 18 11 11 - 1 1 -

116 62 54 25 11 14 3 1 238 25 13 4 - 4 - - -59 27 32 13 8 5 2 1 1

9 4 5 7 3 4 - - -

32 25 7 6 6 - - - -- - - - - - - - -

53 29 24 14 7 7 1 - 168 37 31 16 9 7 - - -

- - - - - - - - -24 15 9 3 3 - 1 - 1

343 228 115 63 42 21 11 6 5

1 1 - - - - - - -45 35 10 4 3 1 - - -36 26 10 7 6 1 - - -21 20 1 2 2 - 1 1 -

54 23 31 8 5 3 3 - 34 2 2 2 1 1 - - -

44 19 25 6 4 2 3 - 33 1 2 - - - - - -

16 16 - 1 1 - 1 1 -- - - - - - - - -

22 10 12 5 1 4 1 - 141 25 16 10 9 1 - - -

1 1 - - - - - - -106 71 35 26 15 11 5 4 1

791 560 231 1071 746 325 1123 782 341

A2.3 Psychiatric inpatient discharges with a main discharge diagnosisof drug misuse1,2 : 2000/01p

supplementary discharge diagnosis

1 Excludes misuse of tobacco or alcohol in main diagnosis.2 As an individual may have a number of diagnoses in any discharge record, some individuals may appear in more than one column.

p Provisional.


2nd discharge diagnosis 3rd discharge diagnosis 4th discharge diagnosis

Total Males Females Total Males Females Total Males Females

Main discharge diagnosis for discharges with a drug-related diagnosis in the :

2nd position 3rd position 4th position

Total Males Females Total Males Females Total Males Females

A2.4 Psychiatric inpatient discharges with a supplementary dischargediagnosis of drug misuse1,2 : 2000/01p

main discharge diagnosis

All discharges



Other psychotic disordersDisorders of childhoodNeurotic, stress-related and somatoform disordersPersonality disorderMental handicapOther

No supplementary diagnosis

All discharges



Other psychotic disordersDisorders of childhoodNeurotic, stress-related and somatoform disordersPersonality disorderMental handicapOther



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Scotland (All discharges) 2 1134 364 67 61 4 125 6 5 502

First admission 379 142 21 19 - 39 4 2 152Re-admission 710 195 45 40 4 83 2 3 338


Argyll and Clyde 148 56 8 6 1 2 - - 75Ayrshire & Arran 161 49 10 7 - 2 2 - 91Borders 24 9 2 1 - 2 - - 10Dumfries & Galloway 29 17 - - - 4 1 - 7Fife 46 7 3 4 - 4 - 1 27Forth Valley 38 24 1 5 - - - - 8Grampian 51 26 2 - - 4 2 - 17Greater Glasgow 286 51 12 14 3 92 - - 114Highland 33 14 2 - - 1 - - 16Lanark 116 65 12 - - 4 1 1 33Lothian 93 18 11 16 - 2 - 1 45Tayside 50 10 3 4 - 1 - 2 30Island NHS boards 3 2 - - 1 - - - - 1Other/ not known 4 57 18 1 3 - 7 - - 28

by council area

Aberdeen City 28 18 1 - - - 1 - 8Aberdeenshire 11 6 - - - - 1 - 4Angus 10 2 - - - - - - 8Argyll and Bute 13 3 2 - - 2 - - 6Ayreshire East 55 20 2 1 - 1 1 - 30Ayrshire North 66 17 7 6 - 1 1 - 34Ayrshire South 37 11 1 - - - - - 25Borders 24 9 2 1 - 2 - - 10Clackmannanshire 11 3 1 2 - - - - 5Dumfries and Galloway 29 17 - - - 4 1 - 7Dunbartonshire East 17 2 1 - - 12 - - 2Dunbartonshire West 10 - 1 1 1 2 - - 5Dundee City 29 7 3 2 - - - 1 16Edinburgh City 49 8 8 5 - 2 - - 26Falkirk 17 13 - 3 - - - - 1Fife 46 7 3 4 - 4 - 1 27Glasgow City 260 48 8 14 2 77 - - 111Highland 33 14 2 - - 1 - - 16Inverclyde 27 10 2 1 - - - - 14Lanarkshire North 57 30 9 - - 2 1 1 14Lanarkshire South 62 35 6 - - 3 - - 18Lothian East 10 2 1 2 - - - - 5Lothian West 21 3 1 6 - - - 1 10Midlothian 12 5 1 2 - - - - 4Perth and Kinross 11 1 - 2 - 1 - 1 6Renfrewshire 81 33 3 3 - - - - 42Renfrewshire East 20 9 - 1 1 - - - 9Stirling 10 8 - - - - - - 2Other Council Areas 5 14 2 1 1 - 4 - - 6Other/not known 4 64 21 1 4 - 7 - - 31

by age group 6

Under 15 years 3 - 1 - - - - - 215-19 years 116 32 14 - 1 7 2 1 5920-24 years 307 97 13 16 1 26 3 - 15125-29 years 279 104 13 14 - 34 - - 11430-34 years 225 74 10 12 2 30 1 3 9335 years and over 204 57 16 19 - 28 - 1 83

by gender

Male 788 229 44 38 3 99 5 4 366Female 346 135 23 23 1 26 1 1 136

A2.5 Psychiatric inpatient discharges with a main discharge diagnosisof drug misuse1 ; drug type : 2000/01p

previous psychiatric inpatient status, NHS board of residence, council area of residence, age group and gender

Total Opioids Cannab- Sedatives/ Cocaine Other Halluc- Volatile Mutiple/inoids Hypnotics stimulants inogens solvents Other 7

1 Excludes misuse of tobacco or alcohol.2 Includes type of admission not known, and cases with a missing or invalid response.3 Orkney, Shetland and Western Isles NHS boards.4 Patients resident outwith Scotland or those where NHS board or council area is not known.5 Eilean Siar, Moray, Orkney and Shetland council areas.6 Age on admission.7 Mental and behavioural disorders due to multiple drug use and use of other psychoactive substances.

p Provisional.




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1 Excludes misuse of tobacco or alcohol .2 Includes type of admission not known, and cases with a missing or invalid response.3 Orkney, Shetland and Western Isles NHS boards.4 Patients resident outwith Scotland or those where NHS board or council area of residence is not known.5 Eilean Siar, Moray, Orkney and Shetland council areas.6 Age on admission.

p Provisional.


Total less than between 1 week between 1 month more than1 week and 1 month and 3 months 3 months

A2.6 Psychiatric inpatient discharges with a discharge diagnosis ofdrug misuse1 in any position ; length of stay : 2000/01p

previous psychiatric inpatient status, NHS board of residence, council area of residence, age group and gender


Scotland (All discharges) 2 1771 738 734 238 61

First admission 511 238 214 54 5Re-admission 1202 482 485 180 55


Argyll and Clyde 226 87 105 23 11Ayrshire & Arran 204 69 97 34 4Borders 33 16 14 3 -Dumfries & Galloway 48 17 19 6 6Fife 71 34 22 11 4Forth Valley 74 35 27 9 3Grampian 71 30 32 8 1Greater Glasgow 424 194 162 53 15Highland 51 23 18 8 2Lanark 164 69 72 22 1Lothian 199 82 83 33 1Tayside 103 38 46 11 8Island Health Boards 3 6 2 3 1 -Other/ not known 4 97 42 34 16 5

by council area

Aberdeen City 37 13 19 5 -Aberdeenshire 13 5 7 1 -Angus 14 6 5 3 -Argyll and Bute 14 6 6 2 -Ayreshire East 67 28 27 10 2Ayrshire North 86 31 38 15 2Ayrshire South 48 9 30 9 -Borders 33 16 14 3 -Clackmannanshire 18 9 8 - 1Dumfries and Galloway 48 17 19 6 6Dunbartonshire East 20 11 8 1 -Dunbartonshire West 20 10 7 3 -Dundee City 62 22 33 2 5Edinburgh City 113 46 51 15 1Falkirk 29 13 11 4 1Fife 71 34 22 11 4Glasgow City 382 175 145 47 15Highland 51 23 18 8 2Inverclyde 46 15 25 4 2Lanarkshire North 84 33 40 10 1Lanarkshire South 88 39 35 14 -Lothian East 12 5 5 2 -Lothian West 45 17 19 9 -Midlothian 28 13 8 7 -Perth and Kinross 27 10 8 6 3Renfrewshire 118 41 60 11 6Renfrewshire East 39 19 11 6 3Stirling 27 13 8 5 1Other Council Areas 5 27 14 9 3 1Other/not known 3 104 45 38 16 5

by age group 6

Under 15 years 4 - - 2 215-19 years 146 66 51 23 620-24 years 429 191 167 58 1325-29 years 436 196 175 51 1430-34 years 376 159 170 41 635 years and over 380 126 171 63 20

by gender

Male 1217 513 489 170 45Female 554 225 245 68 16


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Information from general practiceA3

Introduction

Continuous Morbidity Recording (CMR) is a system which collects primary care morbidity data from generalpractices in Scotland. It became part of the National Dataset in April 1998. Data are collected from every face-to-face doctor-patient contact in approximately 80 practices covering 8 per cent of the Scottish population. Thissample of the Scottish population is broadly representative of the whole of Scotland in terms of age, sex,deprivation and urban/rural mix. All contacts with practice patients (including temporary residents) arecaptured.

The data set includes:

1 General Practice Administration System for Scotland

Key Points

In 2001, 1 in 100 (1.1 per cent) males in Scotland consulting a GP received a diagnosisof drug misuse compared to 1 in 200 (0.5 per cent) females. (Table A3.1)

For both men and women with a drug misuse diagnosis, depression and anxietydisorders were the top two most common co-morbidities. (Table A3.3)

There is a marked effect of deprivation on contact rates for patients with a diagnosis ofdrug misuse. For both 2000 and 2001 the contact rates rose as deprivation increased.(Table A3.4)

Each practice receives feedback on its data together with national comparisons via quarterly and annual reports.An ad hoc service is also provided by ISD Scotland to these practices and to the NHSScotland in general.

Developments to Primary Care Information

Although the analysis in this publication is only based on work carried out by General Practitioners (GPs), thereare currently developments in the collection and analysis of information from other members of the Primary Careteam, e.g. Practice Nurses, Health Visitors, District Nurses and Community Midwives. This is now establishedin a small number of practices.

The collection of this Practice Team Information is a very practical way of establishing an electronic patientrecord held within the general practice. The recording of contacts by different members of a practice allowssharing of information for those providing care for an individual patient.

Discussions with more practices, LHCCs and Primary Care Trusts across Scotland are taking place and it is likelythat data collection will be extended to further sites very shortly.

Patient Identifier Generated by GPASS1 and practice specific

Date of Birth

Sex

Postcode

Diagnosis Up to ten diagnoses can be recorded for each contact. Coded using the Read coding system.

Modifier Describes whether it is the first time the problem has occurred, a recurrence of a previous

problem or a persistent problem. This is attached to each diagnosis.

Date of Consultation

Type of Encounter Face-to-face patient / GP consultations. Telephone consultations are not included in any analysis

Clinician Allows the identification of each GP. Contacts are recorded by every doctor (including locums)


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Information from general practice

Analysis & Definitions

The following analysis is based on data from 50 CMR practices for which data were available for the calendaryears, 2000 and 2001.

It is important to note that the information presented in this section of the publication does not give a measureof how prevalent drugs misuse is in the community, as many people who misuse drugs do not visit their GeneralPractice. It does, however, give an insight into some of the characteristics of those who misuse drugs and presentto a GP.

For CMR, the diagnosis of drug misuse has been identified using the following set of Read codes:

E02 Drug Psychoses

E24 Drug Dependence (excluding Nicotine Withdrawal)

E25 Non-dependent Abuse of Drugs

Eu1 Mental and Behavioural Disorder Due to Psychoactive Substances (excluding Eu17 use of Tobacco)

SL96 Hallucinogen Poisoning

SL97 Psycho-stimulant Poisoning

SL9y Other Psychotropic Poisoning

SL9z Psychotropic Agent Poisoning not otherwise specified

Prevalence and Contact Rates; 2000 and 2001

Tables A3.1 and A3.2 show information for patients both with and without a diagnosis of drug misuse for theyears 2000 and 2001. Table A3.1 presents the number of drug misuse patients and contacts as percentages ofall patients and contacts. Table A3.2 includes prevalence and contact rates per 1 000 (practice) population.Contact rates for drug misuse by age and gender for 2001 are shown graphically in chart A3.1.

Of all patients attending this sample of GPs, those with a diagnosis of drug misuse account for a very smallnumber of all patients attending their GP (Table A3.1). In 2001, 1 in 100 (1.1 per cent) males in Scotlandconsulting a GP received a diagnosis of drug misuse compared to 1 in 200 (0.5 per cent) females. These figuresvary with age, for example, 3.3 per cent of males aged 15-24 years were recorded as having a drug misusediagnosis compared with only 0.1 per cent aged 65 years and over.

In 2001, males accounted for 65 per cent of those individuals with a diagnosis of drug misuse, a similarpercentage to that found by the Scottish Drug Misuse Database (67 per cent, table B1.6). This compares to 44per cent of all patients attending in 2001 being male.

Fifty-nine per cent of male patients consulting with their drug misuse were aged 25-44 years, with over a third(35 per cent) aged between 15 and 24 years. Forty-nine per cent of females were aged between 25 and 44 yearsand 35 per cent aged 15-24 years old.

The prevalence and contact rates, per 1 000 population, for those patients with and without a drug misusediagnosis in 2000 and 2001 are presented in Table A3.2.


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In 2001, for both males and females,the prevalence and contact rates forthose with a diagnosis of drug misuseis highest in the 15-24 year age group:prevalence rate - 22.1 and 12.6 per1 000 population respectively andcontact rate - 110.2 and 65.6 per 1 000population respectively.

Contact rate for drug misuse per 1 000 (practice) population, by age group and gender:2001A3.1ch

art

The average number of contacts per year1 is higher in the younger age groups for those with a drug misusediagnosis. In 2001, for the 15-24 age group, men with a diagnosis of drug misuse generated on average 5 contactsper year compared with an average of 2.5 for male patients without a diagnosis of drug misuse.

Overall, the drug misuse prevalence rates for both men and women have increased slightly from 2000 to 2001.However, while the female contact rate has increased from 18.8 to 19.1 (per 1 000 population), the male contactrate has decreased from 44.1 to 41.0 (per 1 000 population).

0

20

40

60

80

100

120Female

Male

65 years and over45 - 64 years25 - 44 years15 - 24 yearsUnder 15 years

Rat

e pe

r 10

00 p

opul

atio

n

Source : Table A3.2

1 The average number of contacts per year is calculated by dividing the prevalence rate by the contact rate.


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1 Ten most commonly seen conditions among drug misuse patients.2 ISD’s Standard Morbidity Groupings (SMG’s) have been used for the analysis of most common conditions. SMG’s are groupings of Read codes into clinically meaningful

conditions. It should be noted that due to the introduction of SMG’s, the Read code groupings used to define specific conditions may have changed. Therefore the datapresented in this table may not be comparable to the data presented in previous years. Further information regarding SMG’s can be obtained from Primary CareInformation Group (ISD).

3 Symptoms, signs & abnormal clinical & laboratory findings including general pain, sensory symptoms and abnormal ECG findings.

Proportion of patients (with and without a diagnosis of drug misuse) seenwith specified condition/illness1 : 2001patients aged 15 - 44 years

A3.2char

t


Co-morbidities

Table A3.3 (and Chart A3.2) provides information on the ten most common conditions seen among patients witha drug misuse diagnosis and the corresponding figures for those without a drug misuse diagnosis. The analysisis based on patients aged 15-44 years, the age group with the highest prevalence for drug misuse, and shows thenumber of patients (and percentage) seen for common conditions out of the total number of drug misuse patients,by gender.

For both men and women with a drug misuse diagnosis, depression and anxiety disorders were the top two mostcommon co-morbidities. For males with a diagnosis of drug misuse, 15.7 per cent received a diagnosis of anxietyand 12.4 per cent of depression. For females, 23.5 per cent of those with a diagnosis of drug misuse werediagnosed with anxiety and 26.2 per cent were diagnosed with depression.

Alcohol problems also features in the top ten most common conditions for males with a diagnosis of drug misuseaccounting for 5.1 per cent of all patients, compared with just 1.2 per cent of those without a diagnosis of drugmisuse.

Only 13.9 per cent of female drug misuse patients were seen for Contraceptive Management compared with 30.2per cent of female non-drugs misuse patients.

0 10 20 30 40

Diseases of oesophagus, stomach & duodenum

Alcohol Problems

Personality disorders and emotional problems

Upper respiratory infections

Injuries of specified, unspecified & multiple body regions

Skin Infections

Skin Diseases

Miscellaneous

Depression

Anxiety

Drug misuse patients

Non-drug misuse patients

0 10 20 30 40

Diseases of the urinary system

Abdominal & pelvic pain

Upper respiratory infections

Menstrual disorders

Skin Infections

Miscellaneous3

Contraceptive management

Skin Diseases

Anxiety

Depression

Males

Females

Percentage

Percentage Source : Table A3.3


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0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

2001

2000

5-73-41-2

Deprivation category

Source : Table A3.4

Con

tact

rat

e pe

r 10

00 p

opul

atio

n

Most deprivedLeast deprived

108 341 21 643 12 855 29 933 27 347 16 563 137 990 21 006 17 909 41 591 33 257 24 227 110 221 21 884 12 872 30 463 28 101 16 901 138 921 21 133 17 957 41 567 33 782 24 482

374 713 61 945 33 579 89 545 105 799 83 845 592 258 59 469 67 212 178 712 155 869 130 996 381 480 62 238 33 542 92 005 108 932 84 763 597 246 59 329 67 369 179 197 160 410 130 941

318 3 150 155 8 2 174 1 94 55 18 6370 1 165 170 23 11 240 3 90 98 29 20

0.3 0.0 1.2 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.00.3 0.0 1.3 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.1

1 178 10 460 667 35 6 571 3 238 267 50 13 1 213 2 422 715 55 19 665 3 235 327 71 29

1.1 0.0 3.6 2.2 0.1 0.0 0.4 0.0 1.3 0.6 0.2 0.11.1 0.0 3.3 2.3 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.0 1.3 0.8 0.2 0.1

6 821 11 2 491 4 145 151 23 3 004 3 1 389 1 467 124 21 6 352 6 2 104 4 052 156 34 3 049 6 1 227 1 625 153 38

1.8 0.0 7.4 4.6 0.1 0.0 0.5 0.0 2.1 0.8 0.1 0.01.7 0.0 6.3 4.4 0.1 0.0 0.5 0.0 1.8 0.9 0.1 0.0

A3.1 Number and percentage of patients with a drug misuse diagnosis;number and percentage of patients of drug misuse contacts : 2000r

and 2001

Total Under 15 - 24 25 - 44 45 - 64 65 years Total Under 15 - 24 25 - 44 45 - 64 65 years15 years years years and 15 years years years and

years over years over

Males Females

2000 r

2001

2000 r

2001

2000 r

2001

2000 r

2001

2000 r

2001

2000 r

2001

2000 r

2001

2000 r

2001

Number of patientsattending in theperiod1

Number of contactsin the period2

1 Includes all patients i.e. not only those with a diagnosis of drug misuse.2 Includes all contacts i.e. not only those with a diagnosis of drug misuse.3 Based on total number of patients attending in the period.4 Number of patients with at least one diagnosis of drug misuse during the period.5 Based on total number of contacts in the period.

r Revised.

Note : Population source - ISD Scotland, General Medical Practitioner Database.

Source : ISD Scotland, Continuous Morbidity Recording (CMR).

Patients with a first diagnosis of drugs misuseNumber

Percentage3

Patients with a diagnosis of drugs misuse 4

Number

Percentage3

Drug misuse contactsNumber

Percentage5


Analysis by Deprivation Category

Table A3.4 and chart A3.3 show contact and prevalence rates by deprivation category for the two years 2000and 2001. Deprivation categories 1-2 are the most affluent, deprivation categories 5-7 being the least affluent.

There is a marked effect ofdeprivation on contact rates forpatients with a diagnosis of drugmisuse. For both 2000 and 2001the contact rates rose asdeprivation increased.

Contact rate for drug misuse per 1000 (practice) population, by deprivation: 2000 and 2001A3.3ch

art


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154 504 28 970 19 156 48 054 39 097 19 227 159 379 27 461 18 670 47 185 38 763 27 300 154 846 28 738 19 095 47 881 39 693 19 439 159 456 27 288 18 712 46 917 39 225 27 314

7.6 0.3 24.0 13.9 0.9 0.3 3.6 0.1 12.7 5.7 1.3 0.5 7.8 0.1 22.1 14.9 1.4 1.0 4.2 0.1 12.6 7.0 1.8 1.1

44.1 0.4 130.0 86.3 3.9 1.2 18.8 0.1 74.4 31.1 3.2 0.8 41.0 0.2 110.2 84.6 3.9 1.7 19.1 0.2 65.6 34.6 3.9 1.4

693.6 746.7 647.1 609.0 698.6 861.1 862.2 764.8 946.5 875.8 856.7 887.0 704.0 761.4 652.0 621.3 706.6 868.5 867.0 774.3 947.1 879.0 859.4 895.3

2 381.1 2 137.9 1 622.9 1 777.2 2 702.2 4 359.6 3 697.2 2 165.5 3 525.6 3 756.4 4 017.9 4 797.6 2 422.6 2 165.5 1 646.4 1 836.9 2 740.4 4 358.7 3 726.4 2 174.0 3 534.7 3 784.8 4 085.6 4 792.5


A3.2 Prevalence and contact rates for practice population1: 2000r and 2001

Total Under 15 - 24 25 - 44 45 - 64 65 years Total Under 15 - 24 25 - 44 45 - 64 65 years15 years years years and over 15 years years years and over

years years

Males Females

1 It should be noted that prevalence & contact rates refer to practice population (not general population).2 Patients with at least one diagnosis of drug misuse during the time period.3 Prevalance rates are calculated by dividing the number of patients with at least one diagnosis of the specified condition (see table A3.1) by the practice population.4 Contact rates are calculated by dividing the number of contacts recorded (see table A3.1) within the relevant time period by the practice population.5 Excludes drug misuse patients. Number have been calculated using information from table A3.1.

r Revised.

Note: Population source - ISD Scotland, General Medical Practitioner database.


Number Number

Drug misuse patients Non-drug misuse patients

Number Percentage Number Percentage

A3.3 Proportion of patients seen with specified condition/illness1,2 : 2001patients aged 15 - 44 years

1 Ten most commonly seen conditions among drug misuse patients.2 ISD’s Standard Morbidity Groupings (SMG’s) have been used for the analysis of most common conditions. SMG’s are groupings of Read codes into clinically

meaningful conditions. It should be noted that due to the introduction of SMG’s, the Read code groupings used to define specific conditions may have changed.Therefore the data presented in this table may not be comparable to the data presented in previous years. Further information regarding SMG’s can be obtainedfrom Primary Care Information Group (ISD).

3 Symptoms, signs & abnormal clinical & laboratory findings including general pain, sensory symptoms and abnormal ECG findings.

Note: Population source - ISD Scotland, General Medical Practitioner database.


Males (n = 1 137) (n = 42 198)

Anxiety 178 15.7 2 820 6.7Depression 141 12.4 2 389 5.7Miscellaneous 3 97 8.5 3 821 9.1Skin diseases 89 7.8 7 205 17.1Skin infections 87 7.7 3 095 7.3Injuries of specified, unspecified & multiple body regions 76 6.7 3 406 8.1Upper respiratory infections 64 5.6 4 242 10.1Personality disorders and emotional problems 60 5.3 809 1.9Alcohol problems 58 5.1 500 1.2Diseases of oesophagus, stomach & duodenum 42 3.7 1 673 4.0

Females (n = 562) (n = 58 962)

Depression 147 26.2 6 641 11.3Anxiety 132 23.5 5 986 10.2Skin diseases 94 16.7 10 918 18.5Contraceptive management 78 13.9 17 783 30.2Miscellaneous 3 74 13.2 6 158 10.4Skin infections 56 10.0 3 306 5.6Menstrual disorders 50 8.9 6 012 10.2Abdominal & pelvic pain 47 8.4 4 651 7.9Upper respiratory infections 47 8.4 8 318 14.1Diseases of the urinary system 45 8.0 3 910 6.6

Practice population

Drug misuse 2

Prevalence rate3

per 1000 population

Contact rate4

per 1000 population

Non-drug misuse 5

Prevalence rate3

per 1000 population

Contact rate4

per 1000 population

2000 r

2001

2000 r

2001

2000 r

2001

2000 r

2001

2000 r

2001


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Deprivation Population Number of Prevalence Number of Contact Number of Prevalence Number of Contactcategory patients rate contacts rate patients rate contacts rate

2000r 1 - 2 73 442 153 2.1 765 10.4 57 486 782.7 209 697 2855.33 - 4 175 187 839 4.8 5 011 28.6 136 645 780.0 546 447 3119.25 - 7 54 110 616 11.4 3 531 65.3 41 846 773.4 178 084 3291.1

91 11 144 141 12.7 518 46.5 8 605 772.2 22 918 2056.6

Total 313 883 1 749 5.6 9 825 31.3 244 582 779.2 957 146 3049.4

2001 1 - 2 73 884 167 2.3 827 11.2 58 405 790.5 212 972 2882.53 - 4 174 848 965 5.5 4 657 26.6 137 636 787.2 550 401 3147.95 - 7 52 995 629 11.9 3 490 65.9 41 373 780.7 176 320 3327.1

91 12 575 117 9.3 427 34.0 9 850 783.3 29 632 2356.4

Total 314 302 1 878 6.0 9 401 29.9 247 264 786.7 969 325 3084.1


Drug misuse Non-drug misuse

A3.4 Prevalence and contact rates per 1000 population by deprivationcategory1 : 2000r and 2001

1 Deprivation category 9 is used to denote unknown postcodes.

r Revised.

Note : Population source - ISD Scotland, General Medical Practitioner Database.



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Drug misuse in pregnancyA4

Drug misuse in pregnancy

Key Points

Introduction

Since 1976 data has been collected on pregnancies relating to antenatal, delivery, postnatal care and abortionsmanaged in Scottish hospitals on the SMR02 (Scottish Morbidity Record – Maternity Discharges). Deliveriesaccount for more than half of SMR02 discharges each year (antenatal, postnatal and abortion episodes make upthe remaining discharges) and a national coverage of up to 98% of all births has been achieved (some home birthsmay not be included).

The SMR02 discharge summary is completed at the end of the episode from patient’s case notes and hospitaldischarge letters. Information collected includes: demographics of the mother, details of the delivery (mode,induction, presentation etc) and on the baby (gestation, birth-weight, etc). Details of up to and including threebabies are recorded. In addition up to six diagnoses, a main diagnosis and five secondary diagnoses (using theICD10 coding classification) can also be recorded. Specific questions are asked about the mother smoking priorto and during pregnancy. Drugs misuse is recorded on the SMR02 using the following ICD10 codes:

ICD10 Code Description

F11 Opiods

F12 Cannabinoids

F13 Sedatives or Hypnotics

F14 Cocaine

F15 Other Stimulants

F16 Hallucinogens

F18 Volatile Solvents

F19 Multiple / Other Psychoactive Substances

O35.5 Maternal care for suspected damage to fetus by drugs

A review of SMR02 has recently taken place, the purpose of which was to address data collection/validationproblems and to capture additional information. The revised SMR02 now includes the facility to collectadditional data items in priority areas, notably substance misuse and alcohol consumption. These data itemshowever are optional and not mandatory.

In 2000/01, of a total 51 165 maternities recorded, there were 228 cases (4.4 per 1 000discharges) where the mother had a diagnosis of drug misuse. Of the 228 cases where adiagnosis of drug misuse was recorded, the majority of the mothers were aged between 20and 29 (164 cases, 72 per cent). (Table A4.1)

Of the 228 births where a diagnosis of drug misuse was recorded, the majority were full-term normal birthweight (176 cases, 77 per cent). (Table A4.3)

Of the 228 births where a diagnosis of drug misuse was recorded, the majority were indeprivation categories 5-7 (158 cases, 69 per cent).(Table A4.4)

In 2000/01, there were a total of 17 222 neonatal discharges in Scotland, of which 326included a diagnosis of drug misuse. The rate of discharges recording drug misusediagnoses (per 1 000 discharges) indicates a steady increase in the occurrence of such casesbetween 1997/98 and 2000/01, with an increase from 12.6 to 18.9 per 1 000 discharges.(Table A4.5)


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The SMR11 records all neonatal discharge information (including from neonatal units and postnatal cots), withrecords being generated for sick babies who fall into one of the following categories:

- Babies who require medical care (other than resuscitation immediately after birth or routine screening).

- Babies who have a congenital anomaly (whether or not medical treatment is given at that time).

Drugs misuse is recorded on the SMR11 returns using the following ICD10 codes in addition to those listed forSMR02.

ICD10 Code DescriptionP04.4 Fetus and newborn affected by maternal use of drugs of addiction

P96.1 Neonatal withdrawal symptoms from maternal use of drugs of addiction

The SMR11 is currently being replaced by the Scottish Birth Record (SBR). Every baby born in Scotland willhave one (and only one) SBR. There is the potential to collect more detailed information about maternal drugand alcohol use.

The figures presented here cover the four years, 1997/98 to 2000/01. Data for all years shown are revised, somay be different from previously published figures. Care should be taken when comparing numbers over time,as there are has been an improvement in drug misuse recording over the last five years. Also, recording practicesof drug misuse diagnoses may vary between hospitals that could explain part of the differences between NHSboards or council areas.

SMR02 information for 1999/00 and 2000/01 are provisional due to shortfalls in data from North GlasgowUniversity Hospitals NHS Trust and Western Isles. ISD are currently working with the Trust/Board to rectifythis shortfall.

Analysis of the Data

Table A4.1 presents information about maternities (pregnancies which result in a live or still birth) for the fouryears 1997/98 to 2000/01. In 2000/01, of a total 51 165 maternities recorded, there were 228 cases (4.4 per 1000 discharges) where the mother had a diagnosis of drug misuse. Of these, 81 cases (36 per cent) were in GreaterGlasgow NHS Board area, followed by Grampian (39 cases, 17 per cent). Of the 228 cases where a diagnosisof drug misuse was recorded, the majority of the mothers were aged between 20 and 29 (164 cases, 72 per cent).

Table A4.2 presents the proportion of live births by mode of delivery and percentage induced for the years1997/98 to 2000/01. In 2000/01, there were 50 171 singletons, of which 226 included a diagnosis of drug misuse.Of these, 80 per cent were spontaneous deliveries.

Table A4.3 shows the number of full-term and premature births by birthweight for years 1997/98 and 2000/01.There were 51 919 births, in 2000/01, of which 228 had a diagnosis of drug misuse. Of the 228 births where adiagnosis of drug misuse was recorded, the majority were full-term normal birthweight (176 cases, 77 per cent).

The data in Table A4.4 shows the number of births by deprivation category for 1997/98 to 2000/01. Of the 228births where a diagnosis of drug misuse was recorded, the majority were in deprivation categories 5-7 (158 cases,69 per cent).

The data in Table A4.5 relates to neonatal discharges over the period 1997/98 to 2000/01. In 2000/01, there werea total of 17 222 neonatal discharges in Scotland, of which 326 included a diagnosis of drug misuse. GrampianNHS Board area accounted for the largest share (98 cases, 30 per cent), followed by Greater Glasgow (94 cases,29 per cent) and Argyll & Clyde (29 cases, 9 per cent). The rate of discharges recording drug misuse diagnoses(per 1 000 discharges) indicates a steady increase in the occurrence of such cases between 1997/98 and 2000/01,with an increase from 12.6 to 18.9 per 1 000 discharges.


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57 605 55 773 53 061 51 165 139 199 188 228 2.4 3.5 3.5 4.4

4 821 4 583 4 389 4 229 8 7 14 17 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 4 004 3 972 3 646 3 623 2 22 23 14 0.0 0.6 0.6 0.4 1 023 989 1 002 985 - - - - - - - - 1 547 1 406 1 375 1 327 - - 3 8 - - 0.2 0.6 3 657 3 668 3 514 3 469 5 8 10 9 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 3 138 3 098 2 919 2 857 - - 3 2 - - 0.1 0.1 5 953 5 788 5 643 5 227 33 37 30 39 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.7

10 658 9 932 9 256 8 851 54 91 72 81 0.5 0.9 0.8 0.9 2 359 2 333 2 107 2 153 - 2 2 4 - 0.1 0.1 0.2 6 533 6 395 6 088 6 014 1 3 2 4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 8 789 8 695 8 481 8 121 10 10 5 19 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2

210 201 166 143 - - - - - - - - 266 261 277 212 - - - - - - - -

4 259 4 016 3 908 3 780 26 19 24 31 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.8 231 260 151 33 - - - - - - - - 157 176 139 141 - - - - - - - -

2 358 2 285 2 286 2 085 25 31 24 29 1.1 1.4 1.0 1.4 2 542 2 512 2 409 2 259 8 5 6 8 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.4 1 173 1 138 1 035 1 038 3 3 1 3 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.3

892 844 768 748 1 - 4 1 0.1 - 0.5 0.1 1 353 1 307 1 233 1 209 1 12 11 6 0.1 0.9 0.9 0.5 1 532 1 512 1 385 1 366 1 7 6 5 0.1 0.5 0.4 0.4 1 117 1 150 1 027 1 043 - 3 6 3 - 0.3 0.6 0.3 1 018 985 992 982 - - - - - - - -

557 531 520 479 - - - - - - - - 1 543 1 405 1 374 1 326 - - 3 8 - - 0.2 0.6 1 159 1 098 926 878 - - 1 - - - 0.1 - 1 132 1 069 1 034 952 1 2 12 8 0.1 0.2 1.2 0.8 1 648 1 565 1 526 1 421 21 9 19 23 1.3 0.6 1.2 1.6 4 904 4 769 4 684 4 443 8 9 4 19 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.4

230 250 150 31 - - - - - - - - 1 634 1 659 1 540 1 516 - - - - - - - - 3 654 3 666 3 511 3 467 5 8 10 9 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 7 419 6 846 6 435 6 091 50 83 63 79 0.7 1.2 1.0 1.3 2 353 2 335 2 107 2 153 - 2 2 4 - 0.1 0.1 0.2

953 927 903 864 6 4 1 8 0.6 0.4 0.1 0.9 3 943 3 895 3 626 3 679 - 3 2 4 - 0.1 0.1 0.1 3 379 3 227 3 166 3 027 4 7 3 - 0.1 0.2 0.1 -

986 1 002 953 894 - - - - - - - - 1 978 1 976 1 926 1 855 1 1 1 - 0.1 0.1 0.1 -

915 937 908 916 1 - - - 0.1 - - - 1 033 981 943 880 - 1 - 2 - 0.1 - 0.2

209 201 166 143 - - - - - - - - 1 432 1 311 1 346 1 322 1 7 4 5 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.4 2 114 1 988 1 943 1 903 1 1 2 1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1

983 981 896 881 - 1 - - - 0.1 - - 265 261 277 212 - - - - - - - - 930 907 849 852 - - 3 2 - - 0.4 0.2 267 253 217 250 1 - - 1 0.4 - - 0.4

4 859 4 851 4 720 4 572 23 26 33 24 4.7 5.4 7.0 5.2 10 241 9 703 9 222 8 849 48 63 63 95 4.7 6.5 6.8 10.7 18 228 17 053 15 424 14 251 44 74 58 69 2.4 4.3 3.8 4.8 17 372 16 939 16 356 15 834 21 28 26 33 1.2 1.7 1.6 2.1

6 739 6 972 6 971 7 254 1 8 8 5 0.1 1.1 1.1 0.7 965 1 024 1 082 1 121 2 - - 2 2.1 - - 1.8

29 39 32 35 - - - - - - - -

A4.1 Number of maternities1,2

: 1997/98 - 2000/01p

NHS board, council area of residence and age of mother

1 Excludes home births and births at non-NHS hospitals.2 A maternity is defined as a pregnancy which results in a live or stillbirth; multiple pregnancies are counted only once.3 Includes births where health board of residence and/or council area is unknown or outside Scotland.4 Formerly Western Isles.5 Drug misuse is defined using the following International Classification of Disease (10th Revision) codes : 035.5, F11, F12, F13, F14, F15, F16, F18 and F19.

r Revised.p Information for 1999/2000 and 2000/01 are provisional due to shortfalls in data from North Glasgow University Hospitals NHS Trust and Western Isles. ISD are

currently working with the Trust/Board to rectify this shortfall.

Source : Scottish Morbidity Record (SMR02).

All maternities Maternities recording drug misuse5

Number

1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r,p 2000/01p 1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r,p 2000/01p 1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r,p 2000/01p

Scotland

by NHS board

Argyll & ClydeAyrshire & ArranBordersDumfries & GallowayFifeForth ValleyGrampianGreater GlasgowHighlandLanarkshireLothianOrkneyShetlandTaysideWestern IslesOther3

by council area

Aberdeen CityAberdeenshireAngusArgyll & ButeAyrshire EastAyrshire NorthAyrshire SouthBordersClackmannanshireDumfries & GallowayDunbartonshire EastDunbartonshire WestDundee CityEdinburgh CityEilean Siar4

FalkirkFifeGlasgow CityHighlandInverclydeLanarkshire NorthLanarkshire SouthLothian EastLothian WestMidlothianMorayOrkney IslandsPerth & KinrossRenfrewshireRenfrewshire EastShetland IslandsStirlingOther3

by age of mother

Under 20 years20 - 24 years25 - 29 years30 - 34 years35 - 39 years40 - 44 years45 years and over


Rate per 1 000 maternities


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A4.2 Proportion of live births1,2 (singletons and multiples) by mode ofdelivery3 and percentage induced: 1997/98 - 2000/01r,p


1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r,p 2000/01p

Singleton Multiple Singleton Multiple Singleton Multiple Singleton Multiple

All live birthsNumber

Number of Live Births 56 505 1 623 54 692 1 567 52 104 1 468 50 171 1 471

Mode of delivery PercentageSpontaneous 70.4 30.4 68.8 30.4 67.3 26.8 66.4 26.6Forceps 7.2 7.8 7.1 5.9 7.1 5.9 6.9 6.7Vacuum 4.3 4.9 4.9 5.4 5.3 6.5 5.4 5.7Breech 0.4 9.4 0.3 9.4 0.4 8.4 0.3 7.6Caesarean - Elective 6.7 16 6.9 20.5 7 20.6 7.5 21.4Caesarean - Emergency 11 31.5 12 28.5 12.8 31.7 13.5 32

Induced 25.4 29.7 27 30.3 27.4 27.2 26.8 28.6

Live births recording drugs misuse4

NumberNumber of Live Births 137 - 196 2 188 - 226 -

Mode of delivery PercentageSpontaneous 74.5 - 79.1 - 77.1 - 80.1 -Forceps 5.1 - 5.6 - 3.2 - 7.1 -Vacuum 8 - 6.6 - 5.3 - 3.5 -Breech - - 1 - 1.1 - - -Caesarean - Elective 2.9 - 2 - 4.3 - 1.3 -Caesarean - Emergency 9.5 - 5.6 100 9 - 8 -

Induced 22.6 - 27.6 100 21.3 - 25.7 -

1 Excludes home births and births at non-NHS hospitals.2 From 1998, where four or more babies are involved in a delivery, birth details are recorded only for the first three babies delivered. Prior to 1998, birth details

were recorded only for the first two babies delivered.3 Individual babies within multiple delivery may have different modes of delivery.4 Drug misuse is defined using the following International Classification of Disease (10th Revision) codes : 035.5, F11, F12, F13, F14, F15, F16, F18 and F19.

r Revised.p Information for 1999/00 and 2000/01 are provisional due to shortfalls in data from North Glasgow University Hospitals NHS Trust and Western Isles. ISD are

currently working with the Trust/Board to rectify this shortfall.


All Births Births recording drug misuse4

1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r,p 2000/01p 1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r,p 2000/01p

Total Births (live and still)3 58 439 56 587 53 807 51 919 139 200 188 228

Preterm Very low (<1500g) 697 714 655 700 2 5 6 6 Low (1500g - 2499g) 2 050 1 967 1 937 1 817 11 27 12 21 Normal (2500g+) 1 527 1 556 1 455 1 446 6 5 7 8

Term Very low (<1500g) 9 14 3 5 - - - - Low (1500g - 2499g) 1 451 1 448 1 396 1 304 10 22 21 17 Normal (2500g+) 52 704 50 887 48 361 46 646 110 143 142 176

A4.3 Number of Term and Premature births (live and still) by Very Low,Low and Normal birthweight: 1997/98 - 2000/011,2.

1 Excludes home births and births at non-NHS hospitals2 From 1998, where four or more babies are involved in a delivery, birth details are recorded only for the first three babies delivered. Prior to 1998, birth details were recorded

only for the first two babies delivered.3 Includes multiple deliveries not recorded elsewhere. See note 2.4 Drug misuse is defined using the following International Classification of Disease (10th Revision) codes : 035.5, F11, F12, F13, F14, F15, F16, F18 and F19.

r Revised.p Information for 1999/00 and 2000/01 are provisional due to shortfalls in data from North Glasgow University Hospitals NHS Trust and Western Isles. ISD are currently working

with the Trust/Board to rectify this shortfall.



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A4.4 Number of births (live and still) by deprivation category: 1997/98 -2000/011,2,3


All Births Births recording drugs misuse5

1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r,p 2000/01p 1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r,p 2000/01p

All births (live and still) 58 439 56 587 53 807 51 919 139 200 188 228

Deprivation Category4

1 - 2 11 216 11 009 10 572 10 374 9 10 10 133 -4 26 746 25 967 24 820 23 536 31 44 52 575 - 7 20 285 19 426 18 268 17 821 99 146 126 158

1 Excludes home births and births at non-NHS hospitals.2 From 1998, where four or more babies are involved in a delivery, birth details are recorded only for the first three babies delivered. Prior to 1998, birth

details were recorded only for the first two babies delivered.3 Excludes births where deprivation category was not known or not recorded.4 Deprivation categories are based on data collected in the 1981 and 1991 census. A number of measures (over-crowding, male unemployment, low

social class, no car) are combined to give a composite score for postcode sectors. There are seven categories ranging from 1 (least deprived) to 7(most deprived).

5 Drug misuse is defined using the following International Classification of Disease (10th Revision) codes : 035.5, F11, F12, F13, F14, F15, F16, F18and F19.

r Revised.p Information for 1999/2000 and 2000/01 are provisional due to shortfalls in data from North Glasgow University Hospitals NHS Trust and Western Isles.

ISD are currently working with the Trust/Board to rectify this shortfall.



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17 269 17 808 18 265 17 222 217 241 324 326 12.6 13.5 17.7 18.9

1 302 1 126 1 164 1 079 11 22 34 29 8.4 19.5 29.2 26.9 995 887 684 695 17 23 28 19 17.1 25.9 40.9 27.3 238 250 273 239 1 - 2 - 4.2 - 7.3 - 314 284 301 303 3 5 7 13 9.6 17.6 23.3 42.9 525 533 506 489 6 10 15 8 11.4 18.8 29.6 16.4 675 610 695 650 7 2 12 15 10.4 3.3 17.3 23.1

3 935 3 831 3 997 3 492 60 42 67 98 15.2 11.0 16.8 28.1 3 464 3 852 4 058 4 185 66 96 109 94 19.1 24.9 26.9 22.5

591 541 603 591 4 5 6 5 6.8 9.2 10.0 8.5 1 390 1 576 1 556 1 391 2 3 10 14 1.4 1.9 6.4 10.1 2 403 3 073 3 459 3 182 16 19 29 18 6.7 6.2 8.4 5.7

142 121 104 81 - - - - - - - - 127 144 152 116 - - 1 1 - - 6.6 8.6

1 101 904 661 673 24 13 4 12 21.8 14.4 6.1 17.8 27 29 17 20 - - - - - - - - 40 47 35 36 - 1 - - - 21.3 - -

1 681 1 683 1 870 1 569 43 36 49 62 25.6 21.4 26.2 39.5 1 972 1 936 1 939 1 687 15 6 13 33 7.6 3.1 6.7 19.6

269 250 143 152 3 2 1 1 11.2 8.0 7.0 6.6 285 261 252 228 - 3 8 4 - 11.5 31.7 17.5 351 284 255 212 9 12 12 7 25.6 42.3 47.1 33.0 372 353 239 270 4 8 11 8 10.8 22.7 46.0 29.6 271 248 186 199 4 3 5 4 14.8 12.1 26.9 20.1 238 250 264 228 1 - 2 - 4.2 - 7.6 - 148 142 148 138 - 1 1 6 - 7.0 6.8 43.5 313 284 298 301 3 5 7 13 9.6 17.6 23.5 43.2 397 424 427 429 - 2 3 - - 4.7 7.0 - 410 451 503 480 4 6 14 7 9.8 13.3 27.8 14.6 447 396 228 246 16 9 1 8 35.8 22.7 4.4 32.5

1 535 1 953 2 176 2 014 15 14 27 13 9.8 7.2 12.4 6.5 27 29 17 20 - - - - - - - -

268 193 228 231 5 - 4 8 18.7 - 17.5 34.6 524 532 486 447 6 10 15 6 11.5 18.8 30.9 13.4

2 523 2 705 2 798 2 898 59 86 99 88 23.4 31.8 35.4 30.4 590 540 571 513 4 5 3 3 6.8 9.3 5.3 5.8 191 158 228 173 5 6 9 14 26.2 38.0 39.5 80.9 920 984 889 801 2 3 4 10 2.2 3.0 4.5 12.5 643 788 894 737 4 5 9 8 6.2 6.3 10.1 10.9 159 420 487 410 - - 1 2 - - 2.1 4.9 422 309 338 314 1 5 1 2 2.4 16.2 3.0 6.4 287 375 413 378 - - - 1 - - - 2.6 280 187 87 78 2 - - 1 7.1 - - 12.8 142 121 103 81 - - - - - - - - 385 255 267 257 5 2 2 3 13.0 7.8 7.5 11.7 517 446 422 418 1 7 6 2 1.9 15.7 14.2 4.8 256 299 282 334 4 3 1 4 15.6 10.0 3.5 12.0 127 144 151 115 - - 1 1 - - 6.6 8.7 261 274 306 264 2 1 7 1 7.7 3.6 22.9 3.8

58 134 370 600 - 1 8 6 - 7.5 21.6 10.0

A4.5 Neonatal discharges1 : 1997/98 - 2000/01NHS board and council area of residence

1 A baby may be admitted to and discharged from neonatal care more than once. Figures relate to the total number of discharges, not to the number of individual babies.2 Includes births where health board of residence is unknown or outside Scotland.3 Area of residence “not known” or outwith Scotland.4 Formally Western Isles.5 Drug misuse is defined using the following International Classification of Disease (10th Revision) codes : P04.4, P96.1.



Scotland 2

by NHS Board

Argyll and ClydeAyrshire and ArranBordersDumfries and GallowayFifeForth ValleyGrampianGreater GlasgowHighlandLanarkshireLothianOrkneyShetlandTaysideWestern IslesOther 3

by council area

Aberdeen CityAberdeenshireAngusArgyll and ButeAyreshire EastAyrshire NorthAyrshire SouthBordersClackmannanshireDumfries and GallowayDunbartonshire EastDunbartonshire WestDundee CityEdinburgh CityEilean Siar 4

FalkirkFifeGlasgow CityHighlandInverclydeLanarkshire NorthLanarkshire SouthLothian EastLothian WestMidlothianMorayOrkney IslandsPerth and KinrossRenfrewshireRenfrewshire EastShetland IslandsStirlingOther 3

All Discharges Discharges Recording Drug Misuse5

Number

1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r 2000/01p 1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r 2000/01p 1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r 2000/01p

Rate per 1 000 Discharges



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Blood-borne viruses

Key Points

A5

Blood-borne viruses

Hepatitis B infected injecting drug users : 1985, 1990, 1995, 1997 - 2001A5.1char

t

Nineteen of the 69 (28 per cent) injecting-related cases in 2001 were from Grampian, this was a decrease fromthat in 2000 (58 per cent). In 2001, the incidence of Hepatitis B infection associated with injecting drug use inGreater Glasgow increased from 20 cases in both 1999 and 2000 to 29 cases in 2001. In Argyll & Clyde, adecrease in the number of injecting-related reports from 17 in 1998 and 11 in 1999 and 7 in 2000, to 4 in 2001continues to be seen; this observation reflects the impact of interventions which were introduced to control theepidemic of Hepatitis B among injectors from Port Glasgow.

Following the identification of several cases of Hepatitis B infection in Scotland’s prisons, the Scottish PrisonService introduced routine Hepatitis B vaccination within the prison setting, an initiative that became fullyestablished in 1999. It is hoped that this measure and increased efforts to vaccinate injectors in the communitywill help to control the spread of Hepatitis B infection that has risen to levels approaching those seen in the mid-1980s. The Hepatitis B virus, however, is less virulent than HIV and Hepatitis C. Accordingly, it is importantthat we do not lose sight of the root problem – namely, injectors sharing injecting equipment.

Of the 357 cases of Hepatitis B infection reported to SCIEH in 2001, 69 cases (19 per cent)mentioned injecting drug use as the patient’s probable route of transmission. However,it is thought likely that the majority of the cases acquired their infection through injectingpractices. (Table A5.1)

As of 31 December 2001, there have been 1 266 reports of HIV infection in Scotlandwhere injecting drug use was identified as the probable route of transmission. Injectingdrug users make up 38 per cent of all reports of HIV infection. (Table A5.2)

Of the 13 535 known cases of Hepatitis C Virus in Scotland as at 31 December 2001, 8 153(60 per cent) have ‘Injecting drug users’ identified as the probable route of transmission.It is thought likely that a further 4 431 (33 per cent) cases ‘unknown’ cause of transmissionwill also include a high proportion of injecting users. Theses figures almost certainlyunderestimate the true extent of the problem. (Table A5.7)

Hepatitis B

In 2001, 357 cases of Hepatitis B infection were reported by laboratories to SCIEH; a decrease from 2000 when360 cases were reported (Chart A5.1, Table A5.1). In 1999, 386 cases were reported, the highest annual totalsince 1986. In 2001, 69 of the 357 reports mentioned injecting drug use as the patient’s principal risk factor butit is likely that the majority of cases acquired their infection through injecting practices.

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

Hepatitis B (Drug misuse cases)*

Hepatitis B (All cases)

20012000199919981997199519901985

Num

ber

Source : Table A5.1

* Drug misuse indicated to SCIEH. The population who have used drugs is likely to be greater than that reported.


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HIV

In 2001, the number of reported HIV-infected injectors increased slightly from 18 in 2000 to 20 in 2001 (ChartA5.2, Table A5.2); figures for 1999 and 1998 were 22 and 26 respectively.

Blood-borne viruses

HIV-infection reports among injecting drug users : 1985, 1990, 1995, 1997 - 2001A5.2char

t

Of the 20 in 2001, nine were from Lothian, four from Greater Glasgow and four from Tayside (Table A5.3). In 2001,18 of 2 154 injectors tested (0.8 per cent) were antibody positive (Table A5.6); this compares with a prevalence ofbetween 2 per cent and 3.7 per cent during 1989 and 1993, a constant prevalence of around 1.5 per cent during1994-1997 (some data not shown), and a prevalence of 0.9 per cent, 0.6 per cent and 0.7 per cent in 1998, 1999 and2000 respectively.

The incidence of HIV among injectors in Scotland is low in comparison to when infection was first introducedinto the country’s injecting populations in 1983. Interventions such as needle/syringe exchange and methadonemaintenance programmes have been effective in making HIV transmission among injectors in Scotland arelatively rare occurrence. Indeed, apart from the outbreak of HIV among injector-inmates at HMP Glenochilin 1993, transmission among injectors in the 1990s has been sporadic not only in Scotland but elsewhere in theUK. There are signs, however, that the potential for a resurgence of HIV among injectors in Scotland isincreasing (see sections on Hepatitis B above and C below).

To the end of 2001, 1 266 HIV infected injecting drug users had been reported by HIV testing laboratories toSCIEH (Table A5.3); 617 (49 per cent) were known to have died. The number of HIV-infected injecting drugusers in clinical care, as indicated by the fact that they underwent CD4 count testing to assess theirimmunological status and thus stage of HIV disease they had reached, was at its lowest level in 2001 (TableA5.5). The majority of cases (234) resided in Lothian.

The impact of combination antiretroviral therapy (introduced in Scotland during 1996) on HIV diseaseprogression is demonstrated by the recent reduction in AIDS cases registered among injecting drug users. During1993 – 1995, the average annual number of AIDS registrations was 54; in 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000 and 2001, thenumber of registrations were 36, 18, 14, 11 and 16 respectively (Chart A5.3, Table A5.2).

AIDS cases registered among injecting drug users : 1985, 1990, 1995, 1997 - 2001A5.3char

t

0

45

90

135

180

Females

Males

20012000199919981997199519901985

Num

ber

Source : Table A5.2

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Females

Males

20012000199919981997199519901985

Num

ber

Source : Table A5.2


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Hepatitis C

To the end of 2001, 13 535 persons in Scotland had been diagnosed as having Hepatitis C infection (Chart A5.4,Table A5.7); information on laboratory request forms indicated that 8 153 (60 per cent) were injecting drug usersbut it is likely that the majority of the 4 431 (33 per cent) for whom no risk information was available, alsoacquired their HCV through injecting practices.

A total of 1 737 persons received their diagnosis in 2001; this compares with 1 889 in 2000, 1961 in 1999, 2 004in 1998 and 1 142 in 1995. 37 per cent of the 13 535 cases resided in Greater Glasgow, 15 per cent in Lothian,12 per cent in Grampian and 8 per cent in Tayside.

Statistical models to estimate the total number of HCV infected persons in Scotland are being developed butpreliminary work suggests that the overall figure is likely to be around 40 000. The rate of progression tomoderate hepatitis (a stage of disease which when reached makes people eligible for drug treatment) within 20years of infection is estimated to be 60 - 70 per cent. Therefore, since very large numbers were infected priorto 1990 several thousand injectors who have stopped injecting will be eligible for therapy over the next 10 - 15years.

Ribavirin and Interferon therapy, combined, leads to sustained clearance of HCV infection from the circulationin about 50 per cent of treated cases; infected injectors who continue to inject, however, are ineligible fortreatment. While drug treatment will be used increasingly in the management of HCV infected persons, it isessential the prevention remains the principal goal. There is evidence to indicate that the incidence of HCVamong injectors has declined during the era of needle/syringe exchange, methadone maintenance therapy andother harm reduction initiatives. Nevertheless, in many parts of Scotland, infections are still occurring; inGlasgow, for example, surveys indicated that the annual incidence of HCV among the city’s injectors during1999-2001 was 20-30 per cent. The prevention of this infection among injectors – particularly in the absenceof an HCV vaccine – is one of Scotland’s greatest public health challenges. In recognition of this, the ScottishExecutive in association with HEBS and SCIEH are preparing awareness campaigns aimed at the generalpopulation and persons who have ever injected drugs.

In Scotland:

• A total of 13 535 cases of Hepatitis C antibody positivity were known as of 31 December 2001.

• Eighty-seven per cent (11 734) of the 13 535 were aged between 15 and 44, and 11 per cent (1 427) wereaged 45 and over. (Table A5.8)

• Of the 13 535 cases, 56 per cent (7 591) were diagnosed between January 1998 and the end of Dec2001.(Table A5.7)

• Sixty per cent (8 153) of all cases were known to have ever injected drugs and of the 4 431 cases for whomthere was no risk information available, 75 per cent (3 313) were aged between 15 and 44 - the range withinwhich most injecting drug users belonged - at the time of testing. (Table A5.8)

Persons reported to be Hepatitis C antibody positive : 1995 - 2001A5.4char

t

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

Not known

Other

Injecting drug user

2001200019991998199719961995

Num

ber

Source : Table A5.7


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1985 1990 1995 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

157 55 14 24 58 115 89 69

6 - - 15 17 11 7 4 2 1 - - 1 - 2 1 1 - - - - - - 2

- - - - - 2 - -- - - - - - - -

7 - - 1 1 - - - 10 1 - 1 25 65 52 19 99 47 12 7 13 20 20 29

- 2 - - - 1 1 1 7 1 - - - 2 3 7

21 1 2 - - 1 2 4 4 2 - - 1 13 2 2

707 249 152 215 295 386 360 357

A5.1 Hepatitis B infected injecting drug users1 : 1985, 1990, 1995, 1997 -2001NHS board 2

A5.2 HIV-infection reports and deaths1 among injecting drug users andAIDS cases registered

2,3 : 1985, 1990, 1995, 1997 - 20014

as at 31 December of year indicated

HIV-infected reports Deaths among HIV-infected IDU's AIDS cases registered

Males Females Total Males Females Total Males Females Total

1 Persons are categorised as IDU if mentioned on request form.2 Refers to the person’s NHS board of residence or, where this is not known, the NHS board of source of specimen.

Source : The Scottish Centre for Infection & Environmental Health (SCIEH).

Hepatitis B (Drug misuse cases)Scotland

Argyll & ClydeAyrshire & ArranBordersDumfries & GallowayFifeForth ValleyGrampianGreater GlasgowHighlandLanarkshireLothianTayside

Hepatitis B (All cases)Scotland

Injecting drug user1985 105 61 166 4 1 5 4 - 41990 31 7 38 28 10 38 22 3 251995 23 6 29 54 24 78 33 17 501997 30 12 42 28 7 35 26 10 361998 21 5 26 24 5 29 16 2 181999 16 6 22 22 6 28 9 5 142000 12 6 18 16 5 21 9 2 112001 13 7 20 15 1 16 12 4 16Cumulative Total 889 377 1 266 455 162 617 292 112 404(to 31 Dec 2001)

All transmission categories

Cumulative Total 2 537 812 3 349 1 037 241 1 278 868 221 1 089(to 31 Dec 2001)

Blood-borne viruses

1 Deaths relate to the number of deaths occurring during the given year - irrespective of when the case was registered. Cause of death may not necessarily be related to the personsHIV status.

2 Totals include cases reported prior to 1987.3 Figures include several males who have had sexual intercourse with other males.4 Year of diagnosis.

Source : The Scottish Centre for Infection & Environmental Health (SCIEH) - AIDS and HIV-positive registers.


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1985 1990 1995 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 Total Alive Dead

Scotland 166 38 29 42 26 22 18 20 1 266 649 617

Argyll & Clyde 1 - 1 1 - - 1 - 15 9 6

Ayrshire & Arran 2 - - - 1 - - - 6 4 2

Borders - - - 1 1 - 1 - 3 2 1

Dumfries & Galloway 2 - - - - - - - 6 5 1

Fife 3 - 3 1 1 1 - 1 32 24 8

Forth Valley 3 - - - - 1 - - 20 14 6

Grampian 3 - 1 4 2 1 2 - 30 19 11

Greater Glasgow 9 8 9 8 7 6 3 4 171 101 70

Highland - - - 3 - - - - 7 5 2

Lanarkshire 1 1 2 - 1 2 - 2 19 13 6

Lothian 108 20 9 13 11 5 8 9 665 337 328

Tayside 34 9 4 11 2 6 3 4 292 116 176

1985 1990 1995 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

Scotland 166 38 29 42 26 22 18 20

Under 15 - - - - - - - -

15 - 19 27 4 - 3 - - 1 1

20 - 24 65 15 3 6 3 4 3 2

25 - 29 43 8 8 4 6 5 1 4

30 - 34 18 6 11 18 6 7 5 2

35 - 39 9 4 6 6 8 2 4 8

40 - 44 - 1 1 3 3 3 1 2

45 and over - - - 2 - 1 3 1

Not known 4 - - - - - - -

Median Age 24 25 31 32 33 31 33 37

A5.3 HIV-infected injecting drug users : 1985, 1990, 1995, 1997 - 2001NHS board1 and year of diagnosis; as at 31 December 2001

1 Refers to the person’s NHS board of residence or, where this is not known, the NHS board of source of specimen.


A5.4 HIV-infected injecting drug users : 1985, 1990, 1995, 1997 - 20011

age at time of earliest specimen ; as at 31 December 2001

1 Year of diagnosis.


Blood-borne viruses

Cumulative to 31 Dec 2001


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A5.5 HIV-infected injecting drug users in clinical care1 : 1992 - 20012

number of individuals monitored, NHS board of laboratory 3 ; as at 31 December 2001

1 Indicated that persons are undergoing immunological monitoring in Scotland - CD4 monitoring.2 Year of test.3 The only laboratories which analyse such data are based in the above named NHS boards.


1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

Scotland 559 581 519 459 424 425 430 433 434 416

Ayrshire & Arran - - - - - 1 - - - -

Grampian 5 7 10 8 9 9 11 12 11 11

Greater Glasgow 77 97 88 88 77 82 84 90 94 90

Highland - - - - - 3 3 1 2 -

Lanarkshire 4 7 6 8 5 6 12 10 14 12

Lothian 366 355 319 281 264 255 244 247 242 234

Tayside 107 115 96 74 69 69 76 73 71 69

Scotland (all risks) 961 1 034 1 024 987 958 1 060 1 133 1 221 1 314 1 397

Blood-borne viruses


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1 For each individual tested, only the first test within a calendar year is included.2 Refers to the person’s NHS board of residence or, where this is not known, the NHS board of source of specimen.


1990 1995 1997 1998

Tests New positives Tests New positives Tests New positives Tests New positives

No. Preval- No. Preval- No. Preval- No. Preval-ence ence ence ence

% % % %

A5.6 HIV prevalence among injecting drug users having a named HIV test :1990, 1995, 1997- 20011

NHS board2

1 273 38 3 1 446 22 2 1 496 24 2 2 015 19 1

19 - - 25 - - 29 - - 104 - -

24 - - 27 - - 28 - - 43 - -

4 - - - - - - - - 3 - -

24 - - 21 - - 19 - - 35 - -

12 1 8 13 1 8 1 - - 19 - -

74 1 1 64 - - 89 1 1 100 2 2

97 - - 144 - - 215 1 - 343 - -

480 9 2 550 9 2 489 8 2 731 5 1

1 - - 24 - - 56 2 4 52 - -

22 - - 52 - - 52 - - 87 1 1

335 19 6 292 8 3 329 2 1 335 6 2

1 - - - - - - - - 1 - -

1 - - 2 - - 11 - - 11 - -

179 8 4 232 4 2 175 10 6 150 5 3

- - - - - - 3 - - 1 - -

Scotland

Argyll & Clyde

Ayrshire & Arran

Borders

Dumfries & Galloway

Fife

Forth Valley

Grampian

Greater Glasgow

Highland

Lanarkshire

Lothian

Orkney

Shetland

Tayside

Western Isles

Blood-borne viruses

2 429 15 1 2 262 16 1 2 154 18 1

94 - - 78 - - 87 1 1

58 - - 78 - - 108 - -

11 - - 15 - - 13 - -

41 - - 80 - - 86 - -

43 - - 42 - - 66 1 2

120 - - 80 - - 48 - -

433 1 - 404 1 - 301 1 -

866 8 1 814 5 1 711 3 -

64 - - 53 1 2 89 - -

111 1 1 122 - - 145 - -

402 4 1 327 5 2 341 9 3

- - - - - - - - -

9 - - 13 - - 11 - -

177 1 1 154 4 3 148 3 2

- - - 2 - - - - -

1999 2000 2001

Tests New positives Tests New positives Tests New positives

No. Preval- No. Preval- No. Preval-ence ence ence

% % %

Scotland

Argyll & Clyde

Ayrshire & Arran

Borders

Dumfries & Galloway

Fife

Forth Valley

Grampian

Greater Glasgow

Highland

Lanarkshire

Lothian

Orkney

Shetland

Tayside

Western Isles


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2 077 1 142 1 252 1 473 2 004 1 961 1 889 1 737 13 535 1 018 640 757 863 1 180 1 306 1 255 1 134 8 153 398 113 79 78 68 71 77 67 951 661 389 416 532 756 584 557 536 4 431

118 54 52 80 120 160 147 127 858 21 23 28 37 89 115 97 82 492 45 7 3 6 - 4 9 - 74 52 24 21 37 31 41 41 45 292

57 31 37 51 82 118 145 104 625 16 10 10 15 35 46 72 45 249 20 2 6 3 1 5 1 2 40 21 19 21 33 46 67 72 57 336

20 12 6 6 5 2 6 2 59 6 6 3 4 2 - 3 1 25 4 1 1 - - - 1 - 7

10 5 2 2 3 2 2 1 27

25 23 12 20 30 34 58 87 289 11 10 5 11 17 17 41 61 173 6 5 - 1 4 1 - 1 18 8 8 7 8 9 16 17 25 98

41 24 49 37 49 62 45 49 356 14 17 34 26 35 43 30 31 230 12 1 2 3 2 1 - 2 23 15 6 13 8 12 18 15 16 103

76 39 45 65 88 90 97 82 582 27 15 18 24 39 42 48 35 248 15 4 1 3 1 2 3 - 29 34 20 26 38 48 46 46 47 305

106 144 178 160 231 276 256 249 1 600 53 101 133 122 179 195 167 197 1 147 24 18 9 7 10 5 4 7 84 29 25 36 31 42 76 85 45 369

635 390 414 617 887 747 684 645 5 019 293 193 239 339 513 576 528 470 3 151

95 19 13 27 17 30 35 30 266 247 178 162 251 357 141 121 145 1 602

16 32 22 50 31 39 32 46 268 1 3 8 22 8 27 17 24 110 6 11 2 4 2 1 3 3 32 9 18 12 24 21 11 12 19 126

85 49 79 77 149 111 132 92 774 19 23 40 44 80 45 75 41 367 26 5 7 1 1 3 - 1 44 40 21 32 32 68 63 57 50 363

686 200 251 191 188 191 149 147 2 003 429 142 162 128 108 108 100 94 1 271 105 22 21 18 17 9 9 19 220 152 36 68 45 63 74 40 34 512

2 1 2 1 3 - - 1 10- - - 1 2 - - 1 4

1 - 2 - - - - - 3 1 1 - - 1 - - - 3

4 3 2 2 3 1 3 2 20- 2 - 1 3 1 3 2 12

2 1 - 1 - - - - 4 2 - 2 - - - - - 4

203 140 103 115 138 130 135 104 1 068 128 95 77 88 70 91 74 50 673

35 17 12 4 13 10 12 2 105 40 28 14 23 55 29 49 52 290

3 - - 1 - - - - 4- - - 1 - - - - 1

2 - - - - - - - 2 1 - - - - - - - 1

A5.7 Persons reported to be Hepatitis C antibody positive : 1995 - 2001NHS board1, probable/possible route of transmission

TotalInjecting drug userOther 2

Not known


Not known


Not known


Not known


Not known


Not known


Not known


Not known


Not known


Not known


Not known


Not known


Not known


Not known


Not known


Not known

Scotland

Argyll & Clyde

Ayrshire & Arran

Borders

Dumfries & Galloway

Fife

Forth Valley

Grampian

Greater Glasgow

Highland

Lanarkshire

Lothian

Orkney

Shetland

Tayside

Western Isles

Prior to1995 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 Total

Blood-borne viruses

1 Refers to the person’s NHS board of residence or, where this is not known, the NHS board of source of specimen.2 Includes sexual contact, body piercing/tattoo, needlestick, bite, perinatal transmission, and blood factor/blood transfusion risk. Any persons who acquired their infection through

blood transfusion will have done so prior to the introduction of Hepatitis C antibody testing of blood donors in 1991.

Source : The Scottish Centre for Infection & Environmental Health (SCIEH) - Hepatitis C register.


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Scotland Under 15 1 49 16 6615 - 29 4 298 259 1 414 5 97130 - 44 3 465 399 1 899 5 76345 - 59 247 126 574 94760 and over 9 86 385 480Not known 133 32 143 308Total 8 153 951 4 431 13 535Median Age 29 33 34 30

Argyll & ClydeUnder 15 1 5 - 615 - 29 299 22 98 41930 - 44 173 27 125 32545 - 59 6 10 38 5460 and over 1 6 24 31Not known 12 4 7 23Total 492 74 292 858Median Age 27 33 34 29

Ayrshire & Arran Under 15 - 3 - 315 - 29 134 13 142 28930 - 44 99 12 139 25045 - 59 8 6 23 3760 and over - 5 18 23Not known 8 1 14 23Total 249 40 336 625Median Age 28 31 30 30

Borders Under 15 - - - -15 - 29 13 1 6 2030 - 44 10 2 9 2145 - 59 2 2 6 1060 and over - 1 4 5Not known - 1 2 3Total 25 7 27 59Median Age 29 44 44 34

Dumfries & Galloway Under 15 - 1 1 215 - 29 96 4 32 13230 - 44 47 5 35 8745 - 59 5 2 17 2460 and over - 5 7 12Not known 25 1 6 32Total 173 18 98 289Median Age 25 39 35 29

Fife Under 15 - 1 1 215 - 29 145 8 25 17830 - 44 81 10 36 12745 - 59 3 3 20 2660 and over - - 21 21Not known 1 1 - 2Total 230 23 103 356Median Age 27 31 41 29

Forth Valley Under 15 - 2 - 215 - 29 153 8 132 29330 - 44 80 13 112 20545 - 59 10 3 31 4460 and over - 3 22 25Not known 5 - 8 13Total 248 29 305 582Median Age 27 38 32 29

Grampian Under 15 - 4 2 615 - 29 760 28 144 93230 - 44 346 27 135 50845 - 59 36 11 61 10860 and over - 11 13 24Not known 5 3 14 22Total 1 147 84 369 1 600Median Age 26 32 33 27

A5.8 Persons reported to be Hepatitis C antibody positive ; probable/possible route of transmission1

NHS board2 and age group ; to 31 December 2001

Injecting Other2 Not Totaldrug user known

Blood-borne viruses

/continued over


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Greater Glasgow Under 15 - 12 6 1815 - 29 1 645 78 544 2 26730 - 44 1 371 125 752 2 24845 - 59 66 27 137 23060 and over 2 17 98 117Not known 67 7 65 139Total 3 151 266 1 602 5 019Median Age 29 32 32 30

Highland Under 15 - 2 - 215 - 29 48 7 36 9130 - 44 58 11 58 12745 - 59 2 4 17 2360 and over - 7 14 21Not known 2 1 1 4Total 110 32 126 268Median Age 31 36 36 33

Lanarkshire Under 15 - 2 1 315 - 29 193 11 114 31830 - 44 165 20 152 33745 - 59 7 9 57 7360 and over - 2 28 30Not known 2 - 11 13Total 367 44 363 774Median Age 29 38 34 31

Lothian Under 15 - 9 3 1215 - 29 467 49 83 59930 - 44 719 93 205 1 01745 - 59 82 38 117 23760 and over 1 23 91 115Not known 2 8 13 23Total 1 271 220 512 2 003Median Age 32 35 41 34

Orkney Under 15 - - - -15 - 29 1 - 1 230 - 44 2 2 1 545 - 59 1 - 1 260 and over - 1 - 1Not known - - - -Total 4 3 3 10Median Age 38 33 40 37

Shetland Under 15 - - 1 115 - 29 6 1 - 730 - 44 4 3 - 745 - 59 2 - 1 360 and over - - 2 2Not known - - - -Total 12 4 4 20Median Age 27 36 57 31

Tayside Under 15 - 7 1 815 - 29 338 29 57 42430 - 44 310 48 139 49745 - 59 16 11 48 7560 and over 5 5 43 53Not known 4 5 2 11Total 673 105 290 1 068Median Age 29 32 38 31

Western Isles Under 15 - 1 - 115 - 29 - - - -30 - 44 - 1 1 245 - 59 1 - - 160 and over - - - -Not known - - - -Total 1 2 1 4Median Age 47 20 35 34

A5.8 Persons reported to be Hepatitis C antibody positive ; probable/possible route of transmission1

NHS board2 and age group ; to 31 December 2001

1 Risk group identified at time of earlist postive specimen.2 Refers to the person’s NHS board of residence or, where this is not known, the NHS board of source

of specimen.3 Includes sexual contact, body piercing/tattoo, needlestick, bite, perinatal transmission, and blood

factor/blood transfusion risk. Any persons who acquired their infection through blood transfusion willhave done so prior to the introduction of Hepatitis C antibody testing of blood donors in 1991.

Injecting Other3 Not Totaldrug user known

Source : The Scottish Centre for Infection & Environmental Health(SCIEH) - Hepatitis C register.

continued

Blood-borne viruses


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Drug-related deaths in Scotland, 2001A6

Drug-related deaths in Scotland, 2001GWL Jackson BSc MA Statistician, General Register Office for Scotland

Introduction

This chapter gives information about drug-related deaths in Scotland over the period 1996 – 2001 using the newdefinition for baseline figures introduced last year. The new definition was agreed by a working party set upfollowing the publication, by the Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs (ACMD), of a report1 on ‘Reducingdrug related deaths’. The Office for National Statistics has also prepared data on drug-related deaths in Englandand Wales using this new definition2.

Below gives some background to the collection of information on drug-related deaths in Scotland; andsummarises the main points arising from the information for 2001 and earlier years presented in Tables A6.1– A6.6; and Annex A (page 52) gives a detailed description of the definition used.

Background

The definition of a ‘drug-related death’ is not straightforward. A useful discussion on the definitional problemsmay be found in an article in the Office for National Statistics publication Population Trends3. More recently,a report1by the Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs (ACMD) considered current systems used in the UnitedKingdom to collect and analyse data on drug related deaths. In its report, the ACMD recommended that ‘a shortlife technical working group' should be brought together to reach agreement on a consistent coding frameworkto be used in future across England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland’. GROS was represented on this groupand this chapter presents information on drug-related deaths using the approach agreed. A full description ofthe new definition is given in Annex A.

The new definition differs in two significant ways from that used previously by GROS. First, for deaths wherehabitual drug abuse was not known or suspected, it limits inclusion to those where particular drugs are knownto have been involved. Second, it includes deaths from intentional self-harm (suicides). Further informationabout the differences between the old and the new definitions may be found in GROS Occasional Paper No. 5,Drug-related deaths in Scotland in 2000 4.

This chapter contains a copy of the General Register Office for Scotland’s Occasional Paper No.8 publishedon the 7 August 2002. Papers from previous years can be found atwww.gro-scotland.gov.uk

Key Points

The number of drug-related deaths in 2001 was 332, 40 (14 per cent) more than in 2000and 88 (36 per cent) more than in 1996. (Table A6.1)

Within these totals, the number of deaths of persons known or suspected to be drug-dependantincreased slightly from 220 in 2000 to 227 in 2001. (Table A6.1)

Of the 332 deaths in 2001, heroin/morphine was involved in 216 (65 per cent), diazepamin 156 (47 per cent), and methadone in 69 (21 per cent). (Table A6.5)

The highest number of deaths - 96 - was in the Greater Glasgow Health Board area, with54 in Lothian, and 46 in Grampian. (Table A6.2)

Whilst the number of drug-related deaths in Greater Glasgow fell slightly between 2000and 2001 there were large increases in Lothian, Grampian and Ayrshire & Arran.(Table A6.2)


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Drug-related deaths in Scotland, 2001

Drug-related deaths are identified using details from death registrations supplemented by information from aspecially designed questionnaire, completed by forensic pathologists, for all deaths involving drugs or personsknown or suspected to be drug-dependent. Additionally, GROS follows up all cases of deaths of young peoplewhere the information on the death certificate is vague or suggests that there might be a background of drugabuse. A copy of the questionnaire currently used is given in Annex B (page 53). A paper5 published in June1995 by GROS described this enhancement to the data collection system.

Summary of results

Recent trends (Table A6.1)

There were 332 drug-related deaths in 2001, 40 (14 %) more than in 2000 and 88 more than in 1996. Withinthese totals, the number of deaths of known or suspected habitual drug abusers increased slightly from 220 in2000 to 227 in 2001. Since 1996, the number of deaths in this category has risen by 30 per cent. Between 2000and 2001 there was a large increase, from 27 to 52, in the number of deaths coded to the ‘undetermined’ category.These represent drug-related deaths of persons who were not known or suspected drug abusers and where it wasnot clear if the death was accidental or suicidal.

Health board areas (Tables A6.2 & A6.3)

Of the 332 deaths in 2001, 96 (29%) occurred in the Greater Glasgow Health Board area. Lothian, with 54 (16%),and Grampian with 46 (14%), had the next highest totals. Whilst the number of drug-related deaths in GreaterGlasgow fell slightly between 2000 and 2001 there were large increases in Lothian, Grampian and Ayrshire &Arran.

Because of the relatively small numbers involved, particularly for some health board areas, and the possibilitythat more complete information has been reported in recent years, care should be taken when assessing the trendsshown in Tables A6.1 and A6.2.

Age groups and gender (Tables A6.4)

Most deaths (87%) were to persons aged under 45, with almost a quarter (24%) aged under 25. Of the 43 casesaged 45 and over, only 15 were known, or suspected, to be drug-dependent. Men accounted for four out of five(80 %) of the 332 drug-related deaths in 2001. Almost three-quarters (73%) of the male deaths were of knownor suspected drug abusers compared to under a half (49%) of the female deaths.

Types of drug involved (Tables A6.5 & A6.6)

Tables A6.5 and A6.6 give information on the involvement of selected drugs, either alone or, more commonly,in combination with other drugs. Since the tables record individual mentions of particular drugs they involvedouble counting of some deaths. It is believed that for the overwhelming majority of cases where morphine hasbeen identified in post-mortem toxicological tests its presence is a result of heroin use. The tables therefore showa combined figure for ‘heroin/morphine’.

In 2001, the drugs listed were known to be involved in 296 (89%) of the 332 deaths. Heroin/morphine wasinvolved in 216 (65%) of the deaths; diazepam was involved in 156 (47%) of the deaths; and methadone wasinvolved in 69 (21%) of the deaths. A wide range of drug combinations was recorded. Of particular note wasthe fact that diazepam was also mentioned in over half (110) of the 216 deaths involving heroin/morphine. Thepresence of alcohol was mentioned for 140 of the 332 drug-related deaths in 2001. The blood-alcohol level wasnot given for all cases but, where mentioned, it was often at a relatively low level.

Table A6.5 shows that there have been significant increases in the involvement of heroin/morphine, and to alesser extent diazepam, between 1996 and 2001. There have also been marked increases in the smaller numbersinvolving cocaine and ecstasy. Between 1996 and 2000 there was a downward trend in the number of deathsinvolving methadone, but there was an increase in the latest year. The table also shows a marked reduction inthe number of deaths involving temazepam.


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Scotland Cause of death category (ICD10 codes)

Drug abuse Accidental Intentional Assault by Undeterminedpoisoning self-poisoning drugs, etc.

(F11-F16, F19) (X40-X44) (X60-X64) (X85) (Y10-Y14)

1996 244 175 10 41 - 181997 224 142 14 42 - 261998 249 179 16 32 - 221999 291 227 12 19 1 322000 292 220 11 34 - 272001 332 227 19 34 - 52

A 6.1 Drug-related deaths ; cause of death : 1996 - 2001

Source : General Register Office for Scotland (GRO Scotland).

A6.2 Drug-related deaths : 1996 - 2001NHS board

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

Scotland 244 224 249 291 292 332

Argyll & Clyde 18 16 23 30 31 22Ayrshire & Arran 3 6 4 15 20 35Borders 2 1 1 - 1 1Dumfries & Galloway 4 7 4 7 7 8Fife 3 8 13 9 12 11Forth Valley - 4 2 8 4 9Grampian 29 22 26 38 31 46Greater Glasgow 90 67 93 100 104 96Highland 2 3 1 7 1 5Lanarkshire 11 12 21 23 29 24Lothian 58 48 37 39 37 54Shetland - - 1 - 1 1Tayside 24 30 23 14 14 19Western Isles - - - 1 - 1

Table A6.6 shows some geographical differences in the reported involvement of certain drugs. For example,heroin/morphine was mentioned in a much larger proportion (78 out of 96) of the deaths in Greater Glasgow thanin Lothian (29 out of 54). A similar picture emerges for diazepam which was involved in 52 out of 96 of the deathsin Greater Glasgow compared to only 18 out of 54 in Lothian. However the pattern is reversed for methadone– only 12 out of 96 deaths in Greater Glasgow compared to 14 out of 54 in Lothian. It should also be noted thatmethadone was involved in 12 of the 19 deaths in Tayside.

References

1 The Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs. Reducing drug related deaths. Home Office, 2000.

2 Deaths related to drug poisoning: results for England and Wales, 1993 - 2000. Health Statistics Quarterly 13. ONS, 2002.(http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/theme_health/HSQ13_v4.pdf)

3 Christophersen O, Rooney C and Kelly S. Drug-related mortality: methods and trends. Population Trends 93, ONS, 1998.

4 Occasional Paper No. 5, Drug-related deaths in Scotland in 2000. GROS, 2001(http://www.gro-scotland.gov.uk/grosweb/grosweb.nsf/pages/00ddeaths)

5 Arrundale J and Cole S K. Collection of information on drug-related deaths by the General Register Office for Scotland. GROS, 1995.




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Scotland Cause of death category (ICD10 codes)


(F11-F16, F19) (X40-X44) (X60-X64) (X85) (Y10-Y14)

Scotland 332 227 19 34 - 52

Argyll & Clyde 22 18 - 1 - 3Ayrshire & Arran 35 21 2 5 - 7Borders 1 - - 1 - -Dumfries & Galloway 8 5 - 2 - 1Fife 11 8 - 1 - 2Forth Valley 9 3 - 4 - 2Grampian 46 32 5 2 - 7Greater Glasgow 96 72 6 5 - 13Highland 5 1 - 2 - 2Lanarkshire 24 20 - 2 - 2Lothian 54 35 6 4 - 9Shetland 1 1 - - - -Tayside 19 10 - 5 - 4Western Isles 1 1 - - - -

A6.3 Drug-related deaths ; cause of death : 2001NHS board


A6.5 Drug-related deaths ; selected drugs involved1 : 1996 - 2001

Heroin / Diazepam Methadone Temazepam Ecstasy CocaineMorphine2

1996 84 84 100 48 9 31997 74 93 86 33 2 51998 121 113 64 58 3 41999 167 142 63 56 8 122000 196 146 55 39 11 42001 216 156 69 20 20 19

1 Individual deaths often involved more than one of these drugs. The numbers given are mentions of the drug and should not be added to give total deaths.2 It is believed that that for the overwhelming majority of cases where morphine has been identified in post-mortem toxicological tests its presence is a result of heroin use. This

table therefore shows a combined figure for ‘heroin/morphine’.



A6.4 Drug-related deaths ; cause of death : 2001age group and gender

Total Cause of death category (ICD10 codes)


(F11-F16, F19) (X40-X44) (X60-X64) (X85) (Y10-Y14)

Scotland 332 227 19 34 - 52

by age group

Under 25 years 80 53 7 5 - 1525 - 34 years 140 115 8 5 - 1235 - 44 years 69 44 1 10 - 1445 years and over 43 15 3 14 - 11

by gender

Males 267 195 19 19 - 34Females 65 32 - 15 - 18


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A6.6 Drug-related deaths ; selected drugs involved1 : 2001NHS board

1 Individual deaths often involved more than one of these drugs. The numbers given are mentions of the drug and should not be added to give total deaths.2 It is believed that that for the overwhelming majority of cases where morphine has been identified in post-mortem toxicological tests its presence is a result of heroin use. This

table therefore shows a combined figure for ‘heroin/morphine’.


Scotland 216 156 69 20 20 19

Argyll & Clyde 16 14 6 2 1 -Ayrshire & Arran 21 15 6 3 1 3Borders 1 - - - - -Dumfries & Galloway 6 2 2 - - 2Fife 8 4 4 - 1 -Forth Valley 4 - - 1 - -Grampian 28 15 9 1 4 2Greater Glasgow 78 52 12 6 8 6Highland 2 2 - - - -Lanarkshire 17 17 3 2 2 3Lothian 29 18 14 3 3 3Orkney - - - - - -Shetland - 1 1 - - -Tayside 5 15 12 2 - -Western Isles 1 1 - - - -

Heroin / Diazepam Methadone Temazepam Ecstasy CocaineMorphine2


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Additional notes on the new baseline definition

The new baseline covers the following cause of death categories (the relevant codes from the International Classification of Diseases,

Tenth Revision (ICD10), are given in brackets):

Adeaths where the underlying cause of death has been coded to the following sub-categories of ‘mental and behavioural disordersdue to psychoactive substance use’:

i opioids (F11);

ii cannabinoids (F12);

iii sedatives or hypnotics (F13);

iv cocaine (F14);

v other stimulants, including caffeine (F15);

vi hallucinogens (F16); and

vii multiple drug use and use of other psychoactive substances (F19).

Bdeaths coded to the following categories and where a drug listed under the Misuse of Drugs Act (1971) was known to be presentin the body at the time of death:

i accidental poisoning (X40 – X44);

ii intentional self-poisoning by drugs, medicaments and biological substances (X60 – X64);

iii assault by drugs, medicaments and biological substances (X85); and

iv event of undetermined intent, poisoning (Y10 – Y14).

Categories of death excluded:

a deaths coded to mental and behavioural disorders due to the use of alcohol (F10), tobacco (F17) and volatilesubstances (F18);

b deaths coded to drug abuse which were caused by secondary infections and related complications (for example the 20or so deaths in 2000 caused by clostridium novyi infection);

c deaths from AIDS where the risk factor was believed to be the sharing of needles;

d deaths from road traffic and other accidents which occurred under the influence of drugs; and

e deaths where a drug listed under the Misuse of Drugs Act was present because it was part of a compound analgesic orcold remedy: specific examples are:

Co-proxamol: paracetamol, dextropropoxypheneCo-dydramol: paracetamol, dihydrocodeineCo-codamol: paracetamol, codeine sulphate

All three of these compound analgesics, but particularly co-proxamol, are commonly used in suicidal overdoses.

Note: As it is believed that dextropropoxyphene is rarely if ever available other than as a constituent of a paracetamol compound, it has been ignored on all occasions (even if thereis no mention of a compound analgesic or paracetamol). However, deaths involving codeine or dihydrocodeine without mention of paracetamol have been included in thebaseline as these drugs are routinely available on their own and known to be abused in this form.


Annex A


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Specim

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General Register Office for Scotland Crown Office

Confidential form to be completed in all deaths involving drugs, solvents or poisons

This information is essential for the correct coding and monitoring of drug-related deaths.

If you have any queries about the form or its completion, please contact Graham Jackson, telephone 0131 314 4229.

Please complete the form and return it, in the pre-paid addressed envelope provided, to:

Vital Events BranchGeneral Register Office for ScotlandLadywell HouseLadywell RoadEdinburgh EH12 7TF

__________________________________________________________________________________________________

Name of deceased

Date of birth Date of death

Place of death Usual residence___________________________________________________________________________________________________

Questions (please tick)

1 Was alcohol involved in this death? Yes No Not Known

If “Yes” what was the blood/alcohol level in mg/100ml?

2 If any other drugs or solvents were involved in this death, please specify the principal drug or solvent found in a fatal dose

[ If NONE go to Question 9 ]

3 Please specify any other drugs or solvents involved in this death.

4 Was the deceased a known or suspected habitual drug or solvent abuser? Yes No Not Known

[ If YES go to Question 7 ]

5 Was the deceased a novice or experimenting drug or solvent abuser? Yes No Not Known

[ If YES go to Question 7 ]

6 Was there any evidence from the police report or autopsy of a long-standing drug or solvent-abusing history?

Yes No Not Known N/A

7 Do you believe this overdose to have been: accidental

suicidal

homicidal

or unknown/uncertain?

8 Were the drugs prescribed to the deceased? Yes No Not Known N/A

9 Any other comments or information which may help in coding this death?

AnnexB


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Services and treatment for drug misusersBB1 Scottish Drug Misuse Database

B2 GB Regional Drug Misuse Databases

B3 Prescription statistics

B4 Criminal justice interventions

Addendum

Warning – Section B1 Scottish Drug Misuse Database

The figures shown for 2001/02 relating to Ayrshire and Arran NHS board area and North, South and

East Ayrshire Council areas are incorrect, and relate to only six rather than 12 months. This problem

affects all tables and related text in Section B1. All other sections of the bulletin are unaffected.

ImplicationsThe effect of this data shortfall is to invalidate trends for Ayrshire & Arran NHS board and the relevant

council areas up to 2001/02. Comparison between Ayrshire and Arran authority figures and other areas

would also be inappropriate for 2001/02.

This also affects the 2001/02 totals shown for Scotland. The incomplete record for Ayrshire & Arran

is, however, a relatively small percentage of total database returns (6 per cent). It is therefore legitimate

for the reader to accept the main findings of the report whilst also being aware of this shortfall.

Remedial actionIn September 2003 ISD will publish an update of the Database section of the Bulletin containing revised

figures for 2001/2. and new data relating to 2002/3.

Please accept our apologies for this inaccuracy.

ISD Drug Misuse Information Strategy Team

April 2003


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Scottish Drug Misuse Databasechapter

B1Key Points

In 2001/02, 10 798 ‘new’ individuals were reported to the Scottish Drug MisuseDatabase, a rate of 224 per 100 000 population. (Table B1.2)

The age of those attending services ranged from 11 to 66 years, with a median of 27years. (Table B1.3)

For new individuals attending services, the percentage who reported using heroin hasincreased steadily from 67 per cent in 1997/98 to 79 per cent in 2001/02. Theincreasing trend applies only to the older age groups. (Table B1.11)

Use of cocaine (including crack cocaine) has increased from 2 per cent in 1997/98 to7 per cent in 2001/02, a trend reflected in all age groups. (Table B1.11)

In recent years, the percentage of individuals reporting that they had injected in thepast month has remained relatively stable at around 39 per cent. (Table B1.23)

In 2001/02, 36 per cent of current injectors reported that they shared needles andsyringes in the previous month. (Table B1.30)

In 2001/02, 50 per cent of current injectors reported that they shared spoons/water/filters/solutions in the previous month. (Table B1.31)

New attendees at services in 2001/02 were most likely to report being unemployed fora period of at least a year (69 per cent), a rise from previous years. (Table B1.34)

Since April 2001, the Database collects information on whether the individual haspreviously been in prison. Information for 2001/02 shows that 44 per cent ofindividuals reported to the Database reported that they had previously been in prison.(Table B1.40)

INTRODUCTION

The Scottish Drug Misuse Database offers a profile of drug misuse based on non-named data about problemdrug users attending services for their drugs problem.

Established in 1990 at ISD Scotland on behalf of the Scottish Office, the Database gathers information from mostspecialist drug services in Scotland (listed on Annex C page 123) and from a number of general practitioners,providing a unique source of information on drug misuse in Scotland.

Problem drug user

Any person who experiences social, psychological, physical or legal problemsrelated to intoxication and/or regular excessive consumption and/or dependenceas a consequence of his/her own use of drugs or chemical substances. –ACMD 1982


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Matching new patients/clients

By means of matching on certain criteria (initial of first name, initial & 4th character of surname, date of birthand gender), an adjustment is made for the double counting of individuals who may have attended more thanone service during the period. The accuracy of these matches cannot be guaranteed. This is however, the mostprecise method of matching individuals given that full name and address is not provided to ISD. Where the terms‘individuals’ and ‘attendees’ have been used, this refers to new patients/clients who have been through thematching process.

ISD have recently introduced an enhanced matching process in order to more accurately ‘identify’ matchedrecords. Previously ISD created a reference file which contained the first record on the Database for each uniqueindividual patient/client. New SMR forms were matched against that file only. The enhanced matching processnow matches new forms against all records which have been submitted i.e. not only the first occurrence of theindividual. This occasionally achieves a match not previously found.

The enhanced matching process has been applied to all records since 1995/96, and as a result the number of‘individuals’ reported in this publication for years 1997/98 to 2000/01 is lower than previously published data.Information for previous years have been marked as revised to reflect this change

Local area analysis and trends

Individuals have been included only once within each NHS board and council area of residence. However, theymay appear in more than one area and as a result the sum of the NHS board or council areas data will not equalthe Scotland figure. Where data are presented at a national level, individuals are also counted only once in anyyear. This is true for all tables excluding tables B1.41 to B1.43 which present statistics on all valid formsreceived.

New patient/client

Any person who is attending the service for (a) the first time ever or (b) it hasbeen at least six months since the last attendance at the service.

Scottish Drug Misuse Database

DATA COLLECTION

In April 2001, ISD introduced a revised data collection form (SMR 24), replacing forms SMR22 and SMR23.Annex D (page 125) includes a sample copy of the new form.

Form SMR24 includes the same core data as was collected on forms SMR22 and SMR23, with the refinementof the drug profile section to collect separately details of (1) current prescription and (2) illicit drug use(including alcohol) in the past month. New questions have been added e.g. presenting issues and existingquestions have been amended to ensure more accurate and consistent data collection e.g. sharing injectingequipment has become sharing needles/syringes and sharing spoons/water/filters/solutions.

As a result of these changes it may no longer be possible to continue trend analysis in the same way as in previouspublications. For those trend tables which are included in this publication, it may have been necessary to makecertain assumptions about the data. These assumptions are included as footnotes on each table, as required.

UNDERSTANDING THE DATA

The information presented relates to new patients/clients. As such, statistics do not reflect the total number ofdrug misusers seen by services during any period.


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Also worth noting when considering five year trends is the inclusion of information from non-medical servicesin Ayrshire & Arran for the first time in 1999/00.

Information received on penal establishment inmates (i.e. including those seen in prison by an external agency)and from needle exchanges have been excluded from most tables presented (except tables B1.41 to B1.43), toimprove validity of comparisons between NHS board and local authority areas.

Definitions of statistical terms and tests can be found in Annex E on page 126.

For more advice on understanding the data please contact the analytical team at DMIST.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The co-operation and assistance of the staff at all services contributing to the Database are gratefullyacknowledged.

Particular thanks are also given to Marion Hall and Linzi Little for their efforts in dealing with data entry, andto the rest of the Drug Misuse Information Strategy Team for their help in producing this publication.


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1 Other includes Bangladeshi, Black-Caribbean, Black-African and Chinese.

DEMOGRAPHICS

The age profile of individuals reported to theDatabase has continued to change graduallyover the past 5 years.

In 1997/98, 15 per cent of individuals reportedwere under 20 years of age. This has fallen to11 per cent in 2001/02. Similarly the percentageaged 20-29 has fallen from 59 per cent in1997/98 to 54 per cent in 2001/02. By contrastthe percentage in the 30 years and over agegroup has increased from 26 per cent in 1997/98to 35 per cent in 2001/02.

Chart B1.1 shows this gradual move towardsthe older age group.

Chart B1.2 shows for each age group, the percentage offemales reported. In recent years there has been a smallincrease in the proportion of females reported in eachage group. This increase is perhaps more apparent inthe under 20s age group.

In 2001/02, 33 per cent of individuals reported toSDMD were female. Forty-three per cent for the under20s, 33 per cent of those aged 20-29 years and 28 percent for the 30 years and over age group.

Ethnic profile of new individuals : 2001/02

Ethnic grouping Number percentage

White 9 574 99.2Indian 13 0.1Pakistani 10 0.1Other1 50 0.5

Information available 9 647Information unavailable 1 151

Gender profile

Age profile of new individuals attending services by age group : 1997/98-2001/02r

Age profile

Percentage of females reported by each age group :1997/98 - 2001/02r

As in previous years,the majority (over 99per cent) of individualsfor whom informationwas available wereclassified as white.

Ethnicity

B1.1char

tch

artB1.2

tabl

e B1.1

In 2001/02, 10 798 ‘new’ individuals were reported to the Scottish Drug Misuse Database, a rate of 224 per100 000 population (table B1.2). The age of those attending services ranged from 11 to 66 years, with a medianof 27 years (table B1.3).


In 2001/02, the male:female ratio of individuals reported to the Database is 2.1:1. This varies between age groupswith the under 20s ratio 1.3:1, for 20-29 years 2.0:1 and 30 years and over 2.5:1.

0

20

40

60

80

10030 years and over

20-29 years

under 20 years

2001/022000/011999/001998/991997/98

Year N1997/98 8 7191998/99 9 1781999/00 10 5142000/01 10 5852001/02 10 798

Per

cent

age

r Revised. Source: B1.6

0

10

20

30

40

50

30 years and over

20-29 years

Under 20 years

2001/022000/011999/001998/991997/98

Per

cent

age

r Revised. Source: B1.6

N 1997/98 1998/99 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02

Under 20 years 1 315 1 318 1 395 1 245 1 13820-29 years 5 161 5 235 5 949 5 896 5 84830 years and over 2 243 2 625 3 170 3 444 3 812All ages 8 719 9 178 10 514 10 585 10 798

All ages

Source : Table B1.6

Source : Table B1.6


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B1.2 New individual patients/clients reported1,2 : 1997/98 - 2001/02number of individuals and EASR ; NHS board and council area of residence

NEW INDIVIDUAL PATIENTS/CLIENTS

1 All figures in this table exclude penal establishment inmates and information received from needle exchanges.2 Individuals are included once within each NHS board and council area. Therefore the sum of local area data may not equal the Scotland figure.3 Information has been received from an additional 9 agencies in Ayrshire & Arran NHS board area from April 1999.4 Orkney, Shetland and Western Isles NHS boards.5 Eilean Siar, Orkney and Shetland councils.6 European Age Standardised Rate per 100 000 population.


Source : Scottish Drug Misuse Database.

1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r 2000/01r 2001/02p 1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r 2000/01r 2001/02p

Numbers EASR6

8 719 9 178 10 514 10 585 10 798 169 181 209 219 224

1 341 1 436 1 214 1 338 1 270 330 364 311 363 347 350 141 1 176 1 232 694 100 41 352 392 221 21 79 79 105 123 24 94 98 133 154

145 223 196 206 257 125 199 181 190 239 355 388 425 598 631 106 119 132 189 200 155 330 272 245 288 56 123 103 94 111

1 046 830 711 631 693 199 162 142 122 137 2 807 2 849 3 281 3 293 3 475 281 283 329 373 383

60 75 122 125 185 32 41 65 70 109 313 427 538 511 557 55 76 97 99 107

1 759 1 853 1 999 1 952 2 292 207 219 236 236 277 354 566 543 397 344 94 157 152 111 98 46 28 28 23 43 72 45 48 41 77

3 2 7 3 1 - - - - -

812 594 436 360 317 349 265 199 146 129 185 173 201 203 311 90 85 101 111 180 50 76 65 54 47 50 74 65 59 54 62 31 48 60 118 77 39 64 83 163

129 61 392 465 224 114 55 363 443 208 168 30 579 529 327 126 24 455 446 281 53 50 218 258 147 53 50 223 284 163 21 79 79 105 123 24 94 98 133 154 43 65 44 48 54 95 153 109 111 127

145 223 196 206 257 125 199 181 190 239 32 58 132 122 98 29 55 123 137 111

325 363 306 300 273 334 387 321 350 317 248 407 355 262 188 162 280 255 172 127

1 301 1 337 1 438 1 388 1 616 248 257 276 266 306 54 169 135 101 133 38 120 100 76 100

355 388 425 598 631 106 119 132 189 200 2 600 2 588 2 931 2 929 3 121 365 355 411 465 479

60 75 122 125 185 32 41 65 70 109 399 392 380 462 440 501 513 500 617 600 257 311 366 334 382 77 94 111 107 122 170 228 301 330 312 57 77 103 122 113 129 128 155 179 213 162 155 193 266 325 203 244 266 231 239 125 155 165 152 160 140 165 156 163 237 176 209 196 244 370 56 65 75 69 69 65 77 91 89 94 57 86 123 81 109 49 77 108 72 100

554 661 511 516 472 322 397 313 329 305 92 98 81 119 86 116 126 101 173 124 58 96 93 97 101 69 116 109 117 124 46 28 28 23 43 72 45 48 41 77

3 2 7 3 1 - - - - -


Scotland3

by NHS board

Argyll & ClydeAyrshire & Arran 3

BordersDumfries & GallowayFifeForth ValleyGrampianGreater GlasgowHighlandLanarkshireLothianTaysideIsland Boards4

Outside Scotland

by council area

Aberdeen CityAberdeenshireAngusArgyll & ButeAyrshire East 3

Ayrshire North 3

Ayrshire South 3

BordersClackmannanshireDumfries & GallowayDunbartonshire EastDunbartonshire WestDundee CityEdinburgh CityFalkirkFifeGlasgow CityHighlandInverclydeLanarkshire NorthLanarkshire SouthLothian EastLothian WestMidlothianMorayPerth & KinrossRenfrewshireRenfrewshire EastStirlingIsland Councils5

Outside Scotland


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B1.3 Age group analysis1,2 : year ending 31 March 2002p

number of individuals, EASR (and 95% CI) ; NHS board and council area of residence

10 798 97 1 041 2 808 3 040 2 089 1 123 600 27 11 66

1 270 14 157 361 365 205 109 59 26 11 66 694 4 81 170 214 131 66 28 26 13 61 123 - 25 34 27 20 12 5 26 16 46 257 - 26 81 79 41 17 13 26 16 48 631 23 121 180 144 89 53 21 24 13 51 288 9 32 91 62 53 25 16 26 13 53 693 2 78 264 197 97 33 22 25 14 61

3 475 4 138 694 1 041 844 511 243 29 13 61 185 - 16 40 66 31 16 16 27 16 55 557 3 65 162 154 108 47 18 26 13 61

2 292 24 230 654 628 419 202 135 26 12 64 344 14 73 87 67 52 30 21 24 12 54 43 - 3 10 13 8 6 3 28 18 52 1 - - - 1 - - - z z z

317 1 27 104 101 50 22 12 26 14 54 311 1 41 139 76 36 11 7 23 14 47 47 3 7 13 14 4 3 3 25 13 46

118 - 9 35 30 24 14 6 27 17 46 224 1 28 48 67 50 20 10 27 14 46 327 3 43 87 100 53 29 12 26 13 61 147 - 11 36 48 29 17 6 27 16 48 123 - 25 34 27 20 12 5 26 16 46 54 - 5 17 12 10 5 5 26.5 16 47

257 - 26 81 79 41 17 13 26 16 48 98 - 4 30 26 17 12 9 27 16 55

273 1 31 72 79 43 28 19 26 14 60 188 6 42 50 32 28 21 9 24 13 54

1 616 8 119 443 437 335 160 114 27 12 64 133 2 13 45 30 22 13 8 26 14 53 631 23 121 180 144 89 53 21 24 13 51

3 121 3 120 603 939 764 473 219 29 13 61 185 - 16 40 66 31 16 16 27 16 55 440 2 44 128 141 82 29 14 26 11 54 382 1 33 117 103 85 32 11 26 13 61 312 2 39 79 88 57 30 17 27 13 51 213 1 43 65 60 23 12 9 24 14 48 239 8 34 71 59 41 22 4 25 12 52 237 7 34 79 77 23 9 8 24 12 53 69 - 10 23 22 11 - 3 25 16 61

109 5 24 24 21 20 6 9 25 12 47 472 12 71 135 126 70 39 19 25 13 66 86 - 8 17 29 16 10 6 27 17 43

101 7 14 29 20 21 7 3 25 13 49 43 - 3 10 13 8 6 3 28 18 52 1 - - - 1 - - - z z z

1 All figures in this table exclude penal establishment inmates and information received from needle exchanges.2 Individuals are included once within each NHS board and council area. Therefore the sum of local area data may not equal the Scotland figure.3 Orkney, Shetland and Western Isles NHS boards.4 Eilean Siar, Orkney and Shetland councils.5 European Age Standardised Rate per 100 000 population.

p Provisional.z Not shown where information available ≤ 10.



Scotland

by NHS board

Argyll & ClydeAyrshire & ArranBordersDumfries & GallowayFifeForth ValleyGrampianGreater GlasgowHighlandLanarkshireLothianTaysideIsland Boards3

Outside Scotland

by council area

Aberdeen CityAberdeenshireAngusArgyll & ButeAyrshire EastAyrshire NorthAyrshire SouthBordersClackmannanshireDumfries & GallowayDunbartonshire EastDunbartonshire WestDundee CityEdinburgh CityFalkirkFifeGlasgow CityHighlandInverclydeLanarkshire NorthLanarkshire SouthLothian EastLothian WestMidlothianMorayPerth & KinrossRenfrewshireRenfrewshire EastStirlingIsland Councils4

Outside Scotland

All Ages Under 15 - 19 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 34 35 - 39 40 years Median Youngest Oldest15 years years years years years years and over age

Numbers



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Age group analysis1,2 : year ending 31 March 2002p B1.3

EASR5

All Ages Under 15 - 19 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 34 35 - 39 40 yearsRate (95% CI) 15 years years years years years years and over

Scotland

by NHS board

Argyll & ClydeAyrshire & Arran

BordersDumfries & Galloway

FifeForth Valley

GrampianGreater Glasgow

HighlandLanarkshire

LothianTayside

Island Boards3

Outside Scotland

by council area

Aberdeen CityAberdeenshire

AngusArgyll & ButeAyrshire East

Ayrshire NorthAyrshire South

BordersClackmannanshire

Dumfries & GallowayDunbartonshire East

Dunbartonshire WestDundee City

Edinburgh CityFalkirk

FifeGlasgow City

HighlandInverclyde

Lanarkshire NorthLanarkshire South

Lothian EastLothian West

MidlothianMoray

Perth & KinrossRenfrewshire

Renfrewshire EastStirling

Island Councils4

Outside Scotland

224 (220 ,229) 10 328 890 965 548 278 27

347 (328, 367) 16 599 1 583 1 554 669 318 31 221 (205, 238) 5 359 895 1 047 503 232 17 154 (126, 182) - 441 762 516 272 144 10 239 (210, 269) - 313 1 311 1 090 427 151 20 200 (184, 216) 32 543 862 724 348 196 14 111 (98, 124) 16 182 536 376 253 112 13 137 (127, 148) 2 236 766 579 239 79 9 383 (370, 396) 2 240 1 101 1 748 1 256 727 64 109 (93, 124) - 131 404 593 221 99 17 107 (98, 116) 3 177 501 446 249 104 7 277 (266, 289) 17 487 1 125 1 093 641 318 40 98 (88, 109) 18 298 361 309 201 102 12 77 (54, 101) - 77 323 349 175 118 10n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a

129 (115, 143) 3 196 530 597 291 136 13 180 (160, 201) 2 290 1 315 650 218 59 6 54 (39, 70) 14 108 248 243 56 36 6

163 (133, 193) - 177 856 609 394 203 15 208 (181, 236) 4 378 770 936 551 211 19 281 (250, 311) 10 496 1 209 1 328 546 275 20 163 (136, 190) - 169 647 835 400 203 12 154 (126, 182) - 441 762 516 272 144 10 127 (93, 161) - 165 663 432 282 129 23 239 (210, 269) - 313 1 311 1 090 427 151 20 111 (89, 134) - 55 501 537 252 138 18 317 (279, 355) 5 488 1 334 1 428 613 375 45 127 (108, 145) 22 418 390 354 288 197 15 306 (291, 321) 11 435 1 054 1 146 871 449 61 100 (83, 117) 7 147 549 331 193 110 13 200 (184, 216) 32 543 862 724 348 196 14 479 (462, 495) 3 311 1 287 2 082 1 593 1 000 91 109 (93, 124) - 131 404 593 221 99 17 600 (544, 656) 11 793 2 681 3 000 1 411 423 37 122 (110, 134) 1 153 601 488 328 122 8 113 (101, 126) 3 199 460 499 253 123 12 325 (281, 370) 5 869 1 800 1 323 341 163 22 160 (139, 180) 23 343 821 564 292 157 6 370 (323, 417) 40 681 2 056 1 782 375 137 21 94 (72, 117) - 195 538 408 158 - 8

100 (81, 120) 18 303 397 307 222 57 15 305 (277, 333) 34 668 1 363 1 272 524 268 25 124 (97, 151) - 139 377 759 278 136 13 124 (100, 149) 40 247 467 430 350 106 8 77 (54, 101) - 77 323 349 175 118 10n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a

continued



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B1.4 Age group analysis of males1,2 : year ending 31 March 2002p


7 278 57 591 1 746 2 146 1 490 801 447 27 11 66

825 9 82 209 247 154 81 43 26 11 66 443 2 39 102 148 90 43 19 27 14 61 78 - 14 19 20 14 8 3 26 16 46

163 - 18 51 50 26 10 8 26 17 47 437 15 67 129 112 62 37 15 25 13 51 194 9 18 57 44 35 18 13 26 13 53 437 2 43 150 136 74 18 14 25 14 54

2 408 3 68 437 739 594 377 190 29 14 60 138 - 11 28 44 26 14 15 28 16 55 401 1 34 116 118 85 33 14 26 13 51

1 537 9 148 406 439 298 142 95 27 12 64 220 7 47 49 51 33 18 15 25 12 54 34 - 2 5 12 7 5 3 29 18 52 1 - - - 1 - - - z z z

202 1 16 57 68 40 10 10 26 14 54 196 1 20 84 55 26 8 2 24 14 47 30 1 4 6 11 4 2 2 27 13 41 88 - 6 23 22 20 13 4 27 17 46

146 1 13 26 47 36 17 6 28 14 45 204 1 22 56 69 31 17 8 26 14 61 95 - 5 20 32 24 9 5 27 17 48 78 - 14 19 20 14 8 3 26 16 46 34 - 3 9 10 5 3 4 27 16 47

163 - 18 51 50 26 10 8 26 17 47 79 - 3 24 19 15 10 8 27 19 55

175 1 12 41 60 29 18 14 27 14 60 120 2 27 27 27 15 13 9 25 13 54

1 067 2 68 263 298 235 119 82 28 14 64 86 2 7 28 18 15 10 6 27 14 53

437 15 67 129 112 62 37 15 25 13 51 2 138 2 58 372 654 536 345 171 29 14 54 138 - 11 28 44 26 14 15 28 16 55 294 2 17 84 97 64 23 7 26 11 54 270 1 18 82 73 66 22 8 26 13 45 230 - 21 54 77 39 23 16 27 16 51 152 - 34 42 46 19 6 5 24.5 15 48 167 3 24 53 40 31 13 3 25 12 52 159 4 22 50 59 15 4 5 25 12 44 41 - 7 10 14 8 - 2 25 16 47 70 4 16 16 13 14 3 4 24 12 44

296 7 46 71 79 50 29 14 26 13 66 62 - 3 9 23 14 8 5 27 17 43 74 7 8 20 16 15 5 3 25 13 49 34 - 2 5 12 7 5 3 29 18 52 1 - - - 1 - - - z z z






Numbers

Scotland

by NHS board


Outside Scotland

by council area


Outside Scotland



Ser

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Age group analysis of males1,2 : year ending 31 March 2002p B1.4

EASR5


307 (300, 314) 11 367 1 107 1 402 809 411 41

451 (420, 482) 20 610 1 794 2 161 1 047 485 46 287 (261, 314) 5 343 1 076 1 475 728 318 24 195 (151, 239) - 495 843 786 387 195 13 306 (259, 353) - 421 1 626 1 422 561 183 26 282 (255, 308) 41 588 1 255 1 150 501 286 19 153 (131, 174) 31 200 682 550 352 167 21 169 (153, 185) 4 256 830 797 361 85 12 556 (534, 578) 3 237 1 435 2 620 1 866 1 135 103 157 (131, 184) - 171 526 789 389 178 32 157 (141, 172) 2 181 717 710 406 153 11 380 (361, 399) 12 630 1 431 1 581 930 463 58 127 (110, 143) 18 375 393 476 269 127 18 115 (76, 154) - 98 299 627 305 193 19

n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a

163 (140, 185) 6 240 570 787 454 123 22 223 (191, 254) 4 269 1 493 976 323 86 4 67 (43, 91) 9 118 212 380 117 50 8

226 (178, 273) - 223 1 002 880 632 368 20 270 (226, 314) 8 350 821 1 313 831 369 24 368 (317, 418) 7 509 1 597 1 920 688 348 27 211 (169, 254) - 151 713 1 119 681 224 21 195 (151, 239) - 495 843 786 387 195 13 161 (107, 215) - 192 700 729 289 159 37 306 (259, 353) - 421 1 626 1 422 561 183 26 180 (140, 221) - 81 755 816 470 247 33 423 (360, 486) 10 376 1 540 2 285 875 511 69 168 (138, 198) 14 539 422 614 330 259 31 410 (386, 435) 5 503 1 290 1 594 1 222 686 90 129 (102, 157) 14 153 679 407 276 174 19 282 (255, 308) 41 588 1 255 1 150 500 286 19 687 (658, 715) 4 304 1 684 3 054 2 345 1 526 144 157 (131, 184) - 171 526 789 389 178 32 820 (727, 913) 22 605 3 443 4 284 2 377 695 39 176 (155, 197) 3 163 844 719 529 174 11 172 (150, 194) - 209 624 917 359 202 24 473 (398, 549) - 1 380 2 299 2 165 601 170 24 231 (195, 266) 17 481 1 237 815 459 192 9 516 (436, 596) 44 868 2 647 2 895 518 131 27 102 (70, 133) - 260 407 502 221 - 11 127 (97, 158) 29 389 493 380 328 58 13 387 (343, 431) 39 847 1 449 1 669 797 415 38 185 (138, 232) - 102 384 1 253 533 236 22 190 (147, 238) 79 278 677 724 535 158 16 115 (76, 154) - 98 299 627 305 193 19

n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a

Scotland

by NHS board



FifeForth Valley


HighlandLanarkshire

LothianTayside

Island Boards3

Outside Scotland

by council area








FifeGlasgow City

HighlandInverclyde



MidlothianMoray



Island Councils4

Outside Scotland

continued



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B1.5 Age group analysis of females1,2 : year ending 31 March 2002p


3 520 40 450 1 062 894 599 322 153 26 12 61

445 5 75 152 118 51 28 16 24 13 55 251 2 42 68 66 41 23 9 26 13 47 45 - 11 15 7 6 4 2 23 16 43 94 - 8 30 29 15 7 5 26 16 48

194 8 54 51 32 27 16 6 23 13 45 94 - 14 34 18 18 7 3 24 15 46

256 - 35 114 61 23 15 8 23 16 61 1 067 1 70 257 302 250 134 53 28 13 61

47 - 5 12 22 5 2 1 26 17 42 156 2 31 46 36 23 14 4 24 13 61 755 15 82 248 189 121 60 40 26 12 55 124 7 26 38 16 19 12 6 23 12 47

9 - 1 5 1 1 1 - z z z- - - - - - - - n/a n/a n/a

115 - 11 47 33 10 12 2 24 16 43 115 - 21 55 21 10 3 5 22 16 45 17 2 3 7 3 - 1 1 22 14 46 30 - 3 12 8 4 1 2 24 17 41 78 - 15 22 20 14 3 4 25 16 46

123 2 21 31 31 22 12 4 26 13 47 52 - 6 16 16 5 8 1 27 16 46 45 - 11 15 7 6 4 2 23 16 43 20 - 2 8 2 5 2 1 24.5 18 42 94 - 8 30 29 15 7 5 26 16 48 19 - 1 6 7 2 2 1 26 16 40 98 - 19 31 19 14 10 5 24 16 46 68 4 15 23 5 13 8 - 22.5 13 38

549 6 51 180 139 100 41 32 26 12 55 47 - 6 17 12 7 3 2 26 16 46

194 8 54 51 32 27 16 6 23 13 45 983 1 62 231 285 228 128 48 28 13 61 47 - 5 12 22 5 2 1 26 17 42

146 - 27 44 44 18 6 7 25 15 46 112 - 15 35 30 19 10 3 25 16 61 82 2 18 25 11 18 7 1 24 13 42 61 1 9 23 14 4 6 4 23 14 46 72 5 10 18 19 10 9 1 25 13 45 78 3 12 29 18 8 5 3 24 14 53 28 - 3 13 8 3 - 1 23 16 61 39 1 8 8 8 6 3 5 26 12 47

176 5 25 64 47 20 10 5 24 13 55 24 - 5 8 6 2 2 1 23.5 17 40 27 - 6 9 4 6 2 - 23 15 37 9 - 1 5 1 1 1 - z z z

- - - - - - - - n/a n/a n/a






Numbers

Scotland

by NHS board


Outside Scotland

by council area


Outside Scotland



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Age group analysis of females1,2 : year ending 31 March 2002p B1.5

146 (141, 150) 8 288 673 553 304 154 13

248 (225, 271) 12 587 1 363 979 319 159 16 158 (138, 178) 5 374 715 634 300 154 11 114 (80, 148) - 387 679 260 160 94 8 174 (138, 209) - 199 986 777 301 121 15 121 (104, 138) 22 495 481 315 205 114 8 72 (57, 86) - 164 395 212 164 61 5

105 (92, 118) - 216 696 360 114 72 7 226 (213, 240) 1 243 788 963 707 361 27 59 (42, 77) - 87 261 396 68 24 2 60 (50, 69) 4 174 285 201 102 59 3

180 (167, 193) 21 346 833 637 363 183 24 71 (58, 83) 19 218 326 146 139 79 7 38 (13, 63) - 54 350 55 44 40 -n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a

93 (76, 111) - 154 489 398 120 148 4 139 (113, 164) - 314 1 113 346 118 32 9 42 (22, 62) 19 97 289 104 - 24 4 95 (60, 129) - 126 669 330 136 30 10

149 (116, 183) - 406 717 559 296 62 15 201 (165, 237) 14 483 840 787 423 212 13 116 (84, 148) - 188 581 553 134 182 4 114 (80, 148) - 387 679 260 160 94 8 93 (52, 135) - 137 625 142 275 100 9

174 (138, 209) - 199 986 777 301 121 15 45 (24, 65) - 28 214 278 56 43 4

221 (177, 265) - 601 1 133 654 378 254 23 87 (67, 108) 30 298 357 108 251 142 -

204 (187, 222) 17 370 831 715 520 224 34 71 (51, 92) - 141 417 258 117 50 6

121 (104, 138) 22 495 481 315 205 114 8 289 (271, 307) 2 318 932 1 203 908 519 40 59 (42, 77) - 87 261 396 68 24 2

395 (331, 459) - 986 1 884 1 806 577 169 35 71 (58, 84) - 142 359 274 141 73 4 59 (46, 71) 7 189 293 119 154 54 1

186 (138, 234) 11 362 1 289 581 112 157 20 93 (71, 115) 29 203 413 342 137 124 3

235 (182, 288) 35 488 1 485 788 247 143 16 89 (55, 122) - 124 714 307 90 - 5 72 (49, 96) 8 210 285 233 127 57 16

228 (194, 262) 30 482 1 279 908 283 133 13 69 (41, 98) - 178 369 302 64 50 4 63 (39, 87) - 214 276 164 187 58 - 38 (13, 63) - 54 350 55 44 40 -n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a

EASR5


Scotland

by NHS board



FifeForth Valley


HighlandLanarkshire

LothianTayside

Island Boards3

Outside Scotland

by council area








FifeGlasgow City

HighlandInverclyde



MidlothianMoray



Island Councils4

Outside Scotland

continued



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B1.6 Age group and gender1,2 : 1997/98 - 2001/02percentage and number of individuals ; gender and age group


1 All figures in this table exclude penal establishment inmates and information received from needle exchanges.2 An additional 9 agencies in Ayrshire & Arran began contributing to SDMD in 1999/00.

r Revised.p Provisional.|| Due to rounding percentages may not add up to 100%.


8 719 9 178 10 514 10 585 10 798

- - 1 1 1 37 45 53 84 97 15 14 13 11 10 1 278 1 273 1 342 1 161 1 041 31 30 29 27 26 2 743 2 794 3 028 2 895 2 808 28 27 28 28 28 2 418 2 441 2 921 3 001 3 040 16 17 18 19 19 1 355 1 598 1 859 1 964 2 089

6 7 8 9 10 538 619 821 948 1 123 4 4 5 5 6 350 408 490 532 600

6 139 6 275 7 030 7 197 7 278

- - 1 1 1 29 30 36 54 57 13 12 11 9 8 791 779 781 667 591 31 29 28 26 24 1 920 1 813 1 963 1 878 1 746 29 28 29 29 29 1 761 1 734 2 014 2 087 2 146 16 19 19 20 20 996 1 193 1 334 1 445 1 490

6 7 8 10 11 392 441 573 691 801 4 5 5 5 6 250 285 329 375 447

2 580 2 903 3 484 3 388 3 520

- 1 - 1 1 8 15 17 30 40 19 17 16 15 13 487 494 561 494 450 32 34 31 30 30 823 981 1 065 1 017 1 062 25 24 26 27 25 657 707 907 914 894 14 14 15 15 17 359 405 525 519 599

6 6 7 8 9 146 178 248 257 322 4 4 5 5 4 100 123 161 157 153

Males & females(=100%)


Males (=100%)


Females (=100%)


percentage

1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r 2000/01r 2001/02p 1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r 2000/01r 2001/02p

number



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REFERRAL SOURCE & PRESENTING ISSUES

Information on main source of referral and presenting issues identified at the initial assessment are now collectedon form SMR24 and are presented below.

Main source of referral

The main source of referral provides information on the main source from whom the referral was received andgives an indication of the accessibility to services.

In 2001/02, 40 per cent of ‘new’ individualsattending services were self referrals i.e.there was no formal referral from anotherorganisation/individual. A further 35 percent were referred from GP/primary careteams.

Main source of referral : 2001/02B1.3char

t

Presenting Issues

Details of the significant issues which have led the person to present to the service for their drug misuse problemare collected within the presenting information section of form SMR24.

Seeking prescription

Since April 2001, the Database collects information on whether individuals are seeking a prescription. Thisincludes those individuals who are attending the service with a view to obtaining a prescription regardless ofwhether the service can actually prescribe.

In 2001/02, 39 per cent of individuals said that they were seeking a prescription.

Fifty-two per cent of individuals reportedissues regarding physical health, 42 percent mental health issues. A large proportionsaid they had ‘other’ presenting issues,mainly just a desire to change their drugusing habit.

Presenting issues : 2001/02B1.4char

t

N =10 605

Other includes: family friend, criminal justice -other and others

Other10%

Specialistdrug service 8%

Social work - other 4%

Criminal justice - social work 4%

GP/Primarycare team 35%

Self 40%

Source: Table B1.7

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

OtherLegalPregnancyMentalHealth

PhysicalHealth

Per

cent

age

Source : Table B1.8

N = 7 752

Note : individuals may record more than one presenting issue.


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percentage number

B1.7 Main source of referal1,2 : year ending 31 March 2002p

NHS board and council area of residence

Self GP/ Criminal Criminal Social Specialist Family/ Other Inform- Inform-Primary justice justice work drug friend iation ation

care social -other -other service5 avail- unavail-team work able able

(=100%)

Scotland 40 35 4 2 4 8 1 7 10 605 193

by NHS board

Argyll & Clyde 39 34 4 1 7 6 1 8 1 247 23Ayshire & Arran 49 16 2 - 1 19 - 13 687 7Borders 31 40 3 1 4 12 3 6 121 2Dumfries & Galloway 68 21 1 - 2 2 1 5 254 3Fife 46 18 8 5 5 6 1 11 623 8Forth Valley 21 28 7 7 6 19 - 11 282 6Grampian 43 37 3 3 2 5 1 7 687 6Greater Glasgow 37 34 5 2 5 10 1 7 3 395 80Highland 32 50 1 1 2 4 1 9 185 -Lanarkshire 32 45 4 2 5 7 - 5 553 4Lothian 42 41 2 1 2 6 2 5 2 238 54Tayside 23 47 2 1 8 10 - 7 343 1Island Boards3 53 35 7 - - - - 5 43 -Outside Scotland 100 - - - - - - - 1 -

by council area

Aberdeen City 53 37 1 1 2 3 1 3 313 4Aberdeenshire 34 35 5 7 2 6 1 10 309 2Angus 19 70 2 - 2 6 - - 47 -Argyll & Bute 32 40 3 1 2 12 - 10 116 2Ayrshire East 43 22 1 - - 19 - 14 221 3Ayrshire North 65 13 3 1 - 5 - 13 326 1Ayrshire South 24 10 1 - 3 51 - 10 144 3Borders 31 40 3 1 4 12 3 6 121 2Clackmannanshire 17 32 8 8 - 21 - 15 53 1Dumfries & Galloway 68 21 1 - 2 2 1 5 254 3Dunbartonshire East 34 48 6 - 3 5 1 2 97 1Dunbartonshire West 38 32 4 1 8 7 3 7 267 6Dundee City 13 43 1 2 13 16 1 12 187 1Edinburgh City 41 43 2 1 2 7 1 4 1 571 45Falkirk 18 31 9 4 5 21 1 11 131 2Fife 46 18 8 5 5 6 1 11 623 8Glasgow City 37 34 5 2 4 10 - 7 3 045 76Highland 32 50 1 1 2 4 1 9 185 -Inverclyde 32 39 3 2 5 7 2 10 433 7Lanarkshire North 37 41 6 1 5 6 - 5 380 2Lanarkshire South 26 49 4 4 5 8 1 4 309 3Lothian East 50 32 2 - 2 2 5 6 209 4Lothian West 32 49 3 1 4 4 2 5 235 4Midlothian 51 27 1 - 3 3 4 10 235 2Moray 39 41 - - 3 9 1 7 69 -Perth & Kinross 43 44 4 - 4 3 - 3 109 -Renfrewshire 53 26 4 - 8 3 - 5 462 10Renfrewshire East 17 57 6 1 6 3 - 9 86 -Stirling 28 23 5 10 11 14 - 8 98 3Island Councils4 53 35 7 - - - - 5 43 -Outside Scotland 100 - - - - - - - 1 -

1 All figures in this table exclude penal establishment inmates and information received from needle exchanges.2 Individuals are included once within each NHS board and council area. Therefore the sum of local area data may not equal the Scotland figure.3 Orkney,Shetland and Western Isles NHS boards.4 Eilean Siar, Orkney and Shetland councils.5 Includes Social work addiction teams.

p Provisional.|| Due to rounding percentages may not add up to 100%.




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B1.8 Presenting issue(s)1,2 : year ending 31 March 2002p



Physical Mental Pregnancy Legal Other Information InformationHealth Health available unavailable

(=100%)

percentage5 number

52 42 3 14 29 7 752 3 046

38 37 9 9 34 872 398 46 37 3 19 42 272 422 58 65 4 27 14 105 18 49 46 4 8 25 191 66 48 35 5 23 30 533 98 45 37 2 33 15 168 120 60 38 4 16 25 533 160 57 36 1 13 33 2 671 804 42 45 2 15 22 136 49 70 45 1 8 18 396 161 50 55 2 11 23 1 647 645 44 49 3 24 33 232 112 55 62 7 17 24 29 14

100 - - - - 1 -

65 44 5 7 22 249 68 53 29 3 27 28 232 79 65 57 4 35 17 23 24 41 60 4 12 22 82 36 41 46 4 27 39 70 154 26 20 3 6 67 124 203 84 56 3 34 4 79 68 58 65 4 27 14 105 18 35 32 5 38 11 37 17 49 46 4 8 25 191 66 78 34 2 11 9 65 33 35 37 5 6 47 197 76 40 36 5 29 36 129 59 49 55 2 8 24 1 140 476 38 39 - 35 15 74 59 48 35 5 23 30 533 98 58 35 1 14 33 2 406 715 42 45 2 15 22 136 49 41 40 10 5 34 241 199 71 49 2 8 16 259 123 66 43 2 8 20 241 71 60 58 - 12 16 140 73 51 55 - 25 16 205 34 50 48 3 18 34 170 67 65 53 - 5 22 55 14 45 68 - 13 34 80 29 38 31 10 11 33 372 100 27 27 8 7 41 75 11 60 37 2 28 19 57 44 55 62 7 17 24 29 14

100 - - - - 1 -

Scotland

by NHS board


Outside Scotland

by council area


Outside Scotland

1 All figures in this table exclude penal establishment inmates and information received from needle exchanges.2 Individuals are included once within each NHS board and council area. Therefore the sum of local area data may not equal the Scotland figure.3 Orkney, Shetland and Western Isles NHS boards.4 Eilean Siar, Orkney and Shetland councils.5 Percentages will not add up to 100 as individuals may report more than one presenting issue.

p Provisional.




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B1.9 Seeking prescription1,2 : year ending 31 March 2002p



New individual Seekingpatients/clients Prescription

(=100%)

number percentage

10 798 39

1 270 43 694 33 123 18 257 61 631 36 288 23 693 30

3 475 38 185 35 557 45

2 292 41 344 33

43 63 1 -

317 27 311 28

47 43 118 42 224 26 327 31 147 49 123 18

54 26 257 61

98 13 273 46 188 30

1 616 41 133 26 631 36

3 121 39 185 35 440 48 382 46 312 38 213 45 239 44 237 37

69 51 109 34 472 36

86 45 101 18

43 63 1 -

1 All figures in this table exclude penal establishment inmates and information received from needle exchanges.2 Individuals are included once within each NHS board and council area. Therefore the sum of local area data may not equal the Scotland figure.3 Orkney, Shetland and Western Isles NHS boards.4 Eilean Siar, Orkney and Shetland councils.



Scotland

by NHS board


Outside Scotland

by council area


Outside Scotland



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DRUG PROFILES

IllICIT DRUG PROFILE

The Database collects a range of details about the particular drugs which the patients/clients have used in thepast month.

The previous forms (SMR22 and SMR23) included one drug profile question which gathered information onall drugs used. This included illicit drugs as well as drugs which had been prescribed for the individuals ownuse. In order to make a clearer distinction between illicit use and an individuals prescription, form SMR24 wasdesigned to include two drug profile questions i.e. one collecting data on the illicit drug profile in the past month(see definition below), the other collecting data on the individuals current prescription.

This section presents information from the illicit drug profile. The following section includes data from thecurrent prescription profile.


Illicit drug profile

The illicit drug profile collects information on:

- any illegal drug

- over the counter medicines used inappropriately

- volatile substances use inappropriately

- use of a prescribed drug which has been prescribed for someone else’s use

- alcohol, when it’s use is identified as an issue of concern

Table B1.12 collects information on the main drug.

Main drug

The drug which causes the patient/client the most problems at the time ofcontact. This may not be the drug used most frequently or in the largestquantities.

Since April 2001, alcohol can be recorded as the main drug but only if there are other drugs recorded within theillicit drug profile, or a prescribed drug relating to the individuals previous illicit drug use is recorded within theprescription profile.

Technical note : Migration of historic drug profile data

As well as presenting information for 2001/02, tables B1.11 and B1.13 also include drug profile data for the years1997/98 to 2000/01. As a result of changes to the collection of drug profile data, as discussed above, ISD havehad to develop data “migration rules” in order to include the historic drug profile information on the new SMR24Database (introduced April 2001).

Migration rules

- all illicit drugs e.g. heroin, cocaine, ecstasy etc. have been migrated on to the SMR24 database

- all other drugs i.e. those which can be prescribed, have been migrated onto the new database only if it had been recorded that all (or part) of the drughad been taken illicitly. If there was no indication as to whether this was thecase then it could not be assumed that the drug had been taken illicitly andtherefore could not be included on the new illicit drug profile.


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For this reason data presented for the years 1997/98 – 2000/01 for drugs which can be prescribed will be anunderestimate of the true figure.

Percentage calculations - comparisons with previous publications

Percentages presented in previous publications on the proportion of individuals reporting use of each drug werebased on the total number of individuals reported to the Database. Percentages presented in this publication(tables B1.11and B1.13) have been calculated using the number of individuals who have reported illicit druguse. This provides a more accurate picture of the proportion of illicit drug users using each drug. This changehas resulted in an increase in the percentages reporting each drug compared to previous publications.

Tables B1.10 and B1.12 include for 2001/02, the data from which the percentages have been calculated i.e.number reporting each drug and total individuals reporting illicit drug use. The tables also include data on totalnumber of individuals reported. If required, this additional information can be used to calculate percentages onthe same basis as previous years, i.e. based on all individuals reported.



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Opiates

Heroin

As reported (see Technical note : migration of historic drug profile data, page 71) the numbers reportingillicit use of methadone in the years 1997/98 to 2000/01 are likely to be an underestimate as a result of themigration rules which have been applied to migrate SMR22 and SMR23 data on to the new SMR24Database.

Methadone

Overall, for new individuals attending services, the percentage who reported using heroin has increasedsteadily from 67 per cent in 1997/98 to 79 per cent in 2001/02 (table B1.11). These percentages are basedon the number of individuals reporting illicit drug use and are therefore different to those presented inprevious publications where percentages were based on all new individuals reported to the Database.

Chart B1.5 shows that the increasing trend appliesonly to the older age groups: in the 20-29 age groupthe percentage reporting heroin has increased from70 per cent in 1997/98 to 84 per cent in 2001/02. Inthe 30 years and over age group there has been anincrease from 60 per cent in 1997/98 to 76 per centin 2001/02.

Those aged under 20 years have shown a fall fromlast year, 68 per cent in 2000/01 to 63 per cent in2001/02.

char

t

B1.6char

t

The figures show that there has been an overalldecrease in the percentage of individuals reportinguse of illicit methadone. In 1997/98 12 per centof those who reported illicit drug use reportedmethadone, this has gradually fallen to 8 per centin 2001/02. This may reflect the increase in thenumber of supervised dispensing arrangements.

Reported illicit use of methadone in all drugs used by age group : 1997/98 - 2001/02r

Reported use of heroin in all drugs used by age group : 1997/98 - 2001/02rB1.5

NYear Under 20 - 29 30 years Total

20 years years and over

1997/98 1 232 4 573 1 832 7 6371998/99 1 248 4 640 2 116 8 0041999/00 1 319 5 355 2 595 9 2692000/01 1 176 5 353 2 961 9 4902001/02 1 083 5 331 3 215 9 629


NYear Under 20 - 29 30 years Total


1997/98 1 232 4 573 1 832 7 6371998/99 1 248 4 640 2 116 8 0041999/00 1 319 5 355 2 595 9 2692000/01 1 176 5 353 2 961 9 4902001/02 1 083 5 331 3 215 9 629

0

60

70

80

90

100

30 years and over

20 - 29 years

Under 20 years

Allages

2001/022000/011999/001998/991997/98

Per

cent

age

of il

licit

drug

use

rs

r Revised Source: B1.11

0

7

9

11

13

15

30 years and over

20 - 29 years

Under 20 years

All ages

2001/022000/011999/001998/991997/98

Per

cent

age

of il

licit

drug

use

rs


Source : Table B1.11



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Benzodiazepines

Diazepam

Reported illicit use of diazepam in all drugs used by age group : 1997/98 - 2001/02rB1.7char

t

Temazepam

In 2001/02, the percentage of new individuals reporting use of illicit temazepam is relatively low at 5 per cent.This has fallen from 12 per cent in 1997/98.

Stimulants

Reported use of selected stimulants : 1997/98 - 2001/02rB1.8char

t

Similar to methadone, the figures for diazepam for1997/98 to 2000/01 are likely to be an underestimateof the true figure. It is therefore difficult to makeany firm conclusions about the increase inpercentage of individuals reporting use of illicitdiazepam.

In 2001/02, 36 per cent of individuals reportingillicit use reported diazepam.

0

5

10

15

Cocaine

Ecstasy

Amphetamine

2001/022000/011999/001998/991997/98

Per

cent

age

of il

licit

drug

use

rs

Source: B1.11r Revised Source : Table B1.11

Reports of amphetamines use by attendees toservices have decreased from 13 per cent in 1997/98to 4 per cent in 2001/02, a trend reflected in all agegroups.

The percentage reporting ecstasy has remainedrelatively static in previous years.

Use of cocaine (including crack cocaine) hasincreased from 2 per cent in 1997/98 to 7 per centin 2001/02, a trend reflected in all age groups.


0

25

30

35

40

30 years and over

20 - 29 years

Under 20 years

Allages

2001/022000/011999/001998/991997/98

Per

cent

age

of il

licit

drug

use

rs


Year N1997/98 7 6371998/99 8 0041999/00 9 2692000/01 9 4902001/02 9 629

NYear Under 20 – 29 30 years Total


1997/98 1 232 4 573 1 832 7 6371998/99 1 248 4 640 2 116 8 0041999/00 1 319 5 355 2 595 9 2692000/01 1 176 5 353 2 961 9 4902001/02 1 083 5 331 3 215 9 629Source : Table B1.11


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CURRENT PRESCRIPTION PROFILE

From April 2001, individuals were asked to provide details of their current prescription.

Current prescription profile - most frequent drugs reported : 2001/02B1.9char

t

Sixty-four per cent reported that they werecurrently being prescribed methadone; 33per cent reported diazepam.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

TemazepamNitrazepamDihydrocodeineDiazepamMethadonePer

cent

age

of in

divi

dual

s re

ceiv

ing

a pr

escr

iptio

n

Source: B1.14Source : Table B1.14


Drug (prescription profile)

Any drug which is prescribed for the treatment of their drug misuse or dependence.

As expected, the majority of individuals who reported that they were currently in receipt of a prescriptionreported that they were being prescribed methadone and/or diazepam.

N = 4 820


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B1.10 All illicit drugs1,2,3,4 : year ending 31 March 2002p

number of individuals reporting using each drug of misuse; NHS board and council area of residence

1 All figures in this table exclude penal establishment inmates and information received from needle exchanges.2 Individuals are included once within each NHS board and council area. Therefore the sum of local area data may not equal the Scotland figure.3 The total drugs reported is greater than the number of new individuals reporting illicit drug use because individuals may have reported use of more

than one drug.4 An illicit drug is any drug that has not been prescribed for the user. This includes illegal drugs, volatile substances, inappropriate use of over the counter

medicines and alcohol.5 Orkney, Shetland and Western Isles NHS boards.6 Eilean Siar, Orkney and Shetland councils.7 At least one drug has been reported in the illicit drug profile.8 Includes crack cocaine.

p Provisional.


New Individuals individual reporting Other Other

patients illicit Heroin Morphine Methadone Dihydro- Dipip- Bupren- Opiates Diazepam Temazepam Benzo/clients drug use7 codeine anone orphine diazepines


number

10 798 9 629 7 595 62 804 1 284 22 35 53 3 496 484 220

1 270 1 172 974 - 22 78 1 3 12 417 89 23 694 642 549 - 57 65 1 4 4 196 13 8 123 115 51 2 8 23 2 - - 25 5 3 257 249 228 - 9 11 1 - 6 46 3 20 631 588 411 5 31 71 1 7 4 221 15 18 288 255 193 - 5 32 - - - 117 16 8 693 625 549 3 20 72 2 1 4 132 16 40

3 475 2 972 2 513 8 122 172 3 7 8 1 123 197 64 185 170 115 2 9 30 - - - 74 5 2 557 510 427 1 13 43 1 - 3 114 15 10

2 292 2 012 1 425 9 412 577 6 11 9 913 86 21 344 318 165 32 91 108 4 1 3 114 21 2

43 43 31 - 8 6 - 1 - 13 3 2 1 1 - - - - - - - - - -

317 278 243 1 13 22 1 1 1 61 3 7 311 286 258 1 6 50 1 - 1 52 13 33

47 42 25 2 16 9 - - - 16 5 1 118 105 93 - 2 - - - - 32 3 - 224 209 169 - 36 17 - 1 3 82 6 3 327 297 261 - 14 41 1 3 1 85 6 2 147 140 123 - 7 7 - - - 29 1 3 123 115 51 2 8 23 2 - - 25 5 3

54 47 33 - 1 11 - - - 25 1 2 257 249 228 - 9 11 1 - 6 46 3 20

98 93 77 - 5 3 1 - - 19 3 - 273 252 208 1 7 14 1 - 2 95 9 3 188 173 72 29 53 71 2 - 2 77 9 -

1 616 1 396 956 5 329 454 5 5 7 690 68 12 133 117 98 - 3 13 - - - 46 11 - 631 588 411 5 31 71 1 7 4 221 15 18

3 121 2 647 2 255 6 110 154 2 7 7 1 029 188 56 185 170 115 2 9 30 - - - 74 5 2 440 406 354 - 8 25 - 1 5 147 70 6 382 346 292 - 9 18 1 - 2 69 11 6 312 282 229 2 10 31 - - 1 93 10 8 213 193 155 - 30 49 - 1 1 79 5 5 239 216 140 1 17 27 - 1 - 78 10 2 237 217 181 3 37 50 1 4 1 73 5 2

69 64 50 1 1 - - - 2 19 - - 109 103 68 1 22 28 2 1 1 21 7 1 472 441 345 - 6 36 - 2 3 144 7 14

86 82 62 - - 11 - - 3 28 1 4 101 91 62 - 1 8 - - - 46 4 6

43 43 31 - 8 6 - 1 - 13 3 2 1 1 - - - - - - - - - -

Opiates Benzodiazepines

Scotland

by NHS board


Outside Scotland

by council area


Outside Scotland



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All illicit drugs1,2,3,4 : year ending 31 March 2002p B1.10

32 404 717 496 45 2 856 92 658 86

2 39 29 60 2 301 16 71 5- 24 29 20 3 125 2 42 4- 31 9 31 2 59 1 24 4

2 4 12 9 - 53 - 11 2 13 63 30 55 12 261 25 52 2

- 11 10 12 1 73 2 22 3 6 12 92 36 1 220 3 22 4 1 50 276 60 5 554 6 196 15 1 26 11 19 1 86 2 24 4 1 10 59 27 3 127 3 35 8 6 100 141 126 10 848 25 124 32

- 24 7 28 7 136 6 31 1- 13 12 13 - 22 1 5 2- - 1 1 - 1 - - -

3 4 36 14 1 71 2 11 - 3 6 50 13 - 112 - 10 3

- 5 - 4 2 19 1 7 -- 1 4 6 - 30 1 12 -- 16 9 11 - 60 1 21 1- 1 18 6 2 54 1 14 2- 7 2 3 1 12 - 8 1- 31 9 31 2 59 1 24 4- 2 1 1 - 19 1 1 1

2 4 12 9 - 53 - 11 2- 1 6 1 - 15 - 12 -

1 10 6 23 2 87 - 12 4- 16 6 21 1 80 3 17 1

4 56 95 74 8 593 10 77 26- 4 5 1 - 24 - 8 -

13 63 30 55 12 261 25 52 2 1 40 258 49 2 473 6 167 13 1 26 11 19 1 86 2 24 4

- 10 10 13 - 99 1 13 - 1 10 34 18 - 83 2 24 5

- 5 33 13 6 80 1 24 3 1 14 7 19 - 95 1 8 1 1 22 24 24 - 90 9 33 2

- 8 16 9 2 75 5 6 3- 2 6 9 - 38 1 1 1- 3 1 3 4 37 2 7 -

1 18 7 22 - 88 14 36 3- 3 8 2 - 26 - 2 -- 5 4 10 1 30 1 13 2- 13 12 13 - 22 1 5 2- - 1 1 - 1 - - -

OtherSedatives Amphet- Cocaine8 Ecstasy Hallucin- Cannabis Solvents Alcohol Drugs

amines ogens

Other drug types


continued

Scotland

by NHS board


Outside Scotland

by council area


Outside Scotland


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7 637 8 004 9 269 9 490 9 629 1 232 1 248 1 319 1 176 1 083

67 69 71 78 79 65 66 65 68 63 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

12 11 11 9 8 11 11 11 8 7 15 17 17 15 13 14 17 18 17 15

1 1 1 - - 1 - - - - 2 2 1 1 - 2 2 1 - - 1 1 1 1 1 1 - - - -

29 32 34 34 36 28 33 36 32 38 12 14 8 3 5 13 12 7 3 3

3 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 2

1 - - - - 1 1 1 - - 13 12 9 5 4 16 13 10 6 9

2 3 5 6 7 1 2 4 5 5 6 5 5 5 5 12 9 9 13 17 1 1 1 1 - 3 2 2 2 2

33 33 30 32 30 42 44 40 48 51 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 7

10 11 11 12 7 12 12 12 17 15 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1

B1.11 All illicit drugs1,2,3,4 : 1997/98 - 2001/025

percentage of individuals using each drug of misuse by age group


percentage 8

1 All figures in this table exclude penal establishment inmates and information received from needle exchanges.2 An additional 9 agencies in Ayrshire & Arran began contributing to SDMD in 1999/00.3 The total drugs reported is greater than the number of new individual patients/clients because individuals may have reported use of more than one drug. Therefore

percentages may add up to more than 100%.4 An illicit drug is any drug that has not been prescribed for the user. This includes illegal drugs, volatile substances, inappropriate use of over the counter medicines

and alcohol.5 Please refer to “migration rules”, page 71.6 At least one drug has been reported in the illicit drug profile.7 Includes crack cocaine.8 Percentages for years 1997/98 to 2000/01 are different from previous published data as they are based on number of individuals reporting illicit drug use and

not total individuals reported to the database (as used in previous years).



1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r 2000/01r 2001/02p 1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r 2000/01r 2001/02p

All ages Under 20 years

Individuals reportingillicit drug use6

(=100%)

OpiatesHeroinMorphineMethadoneDihydrocodeineDipipanoneBuprenorphineOther Opiates

BenzodiazepinesDiazepamTemazepamOther Benzodiazepines

Other drug typesOther SedativesAmphetaminesCocaine7

EcstasyHallucinogensCannabisSolventsAlcoholOther Drugs



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30 years and over

All illicit drugs1,2,3,4 : 1997/98 - 2001/025 B1.11

20 - 29 years


continued

4 573 4 640 5 355 5 353 5 331 1 832 2 116 2 595 2 961 3 215

70 73 75 81 84 60 64 65 75 761 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

13 11 11 9 9 12 9 11 8 816 18 17 16 14 15 15 16 14 12 1 1 - - - 2 1 1 - - 2 1 1 1 - 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 - 1 - 2 1 1 1 1

30 33 35 36 37 25 28 31 31 34 13 14 9 3 6 11 14 8 3 5

3 3 3 2 2 4 3 2 2 2

1 - - - - 1 - - - -11 11 8 4 3 14 13 10 6 5 2 3 5 5 7 3 4 5 7 9 6 5 5 5 4 3 4 3 4 3

1 1 - - - 1 1 - - - 32 32 28 32 28 30 29 28 26 25

- - - - - - 1 1 - - 8 9 9 9 5 14 15 15 14 8 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1

1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r 2000/01r 2001/02p 1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r 2000/01r 2001/02p

Individuals reportingillicit drug use6

(=100%)

OpiatesHeroinMorphineMethadoneDihydrocodeineDipipanoneBuprenorphineOther Opiates

BenzodiazepinesDiazepamTemazepamOther Benzodiazepines

Other drug typesOther SedativesAmphetaminesCocaine7

EcstasyHallucinogensCannabisSolventsAlcoholOther Drugs


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B1.12 Main illicit drugs1,2,3 : year ending 31 March 2002p

number of individuals reporting using each drug of misuse; NHS board and council area of residence

1 All figures in this table exclude penal establishment inmates and information received from needle exchanges.2 Individuals are included once within each NHS board and council area. Therefore the sum of local area data may not equal the Scotland figure.3 An illicit drug is any drug that has not been prescribed for the user. This includes illegal drugs, volatile substances, inappropriate use of over the counter medicines

and alcohol.4 Orkney, Shetland and Western Isles NHS boards.5 Eilean Siar, Orkney and Shetland councils.6 At least one drug has been reported in the illicit drug profile.7 Includes crack cocaine.8 From April 2001, alcohol can be reported as the main drug if a) other illicit drugs are recorded or b) prescribed drugs relating to the individuals previous illicit drug

use are recorded within the prescription profile.

p Provisional.


New Individuals individual reporting Other Other

patients illicit Heroin Morphine Methadone Dihyrdo- Dipip- Bupren- Opiates Diazepam Temazepam Benzo/clients drug use6 codeine anone orphine diazepines


number

10 798 9 629 7 121 9 249 317 2 16 26 509 27 12

1 270 1 172 935 - 6 16 - 2 7 64 8 1 694 642 525 - 20 10 - 2 2 29 - - 123 115 48 1 3 5 - - - 7 - - 257 249 222 - 2 1 - - 3 5 - - 631 588 381 - 7 15 - 3 1 47 1 - 288 255 183 - 2 8 - - - 14 - - 693 625 525 1 3 7 - 1 1 14 2 2

3 475 2 972 2 415 1 30 33 - 6 3 141 10 7 185 170 108 1 1 3 - - - 12 - - 557 510 418 - 2 11 - - 1 11 3 2

2 292 2 012 1 244 - 130 177 1 2 6 139 3 - 344 318 123 5 41 31 1 - 2 28 - -

43 43 26 - 3 1 - - - 1 - - 1 1 - - - - - - - - - -

317 278 230 - 3 3 - 1 - 7 - 2 311 286 251 - - 4 - - - 2 2 -

47 42 19 - 9 1 - - - 4 - - 118 105 86 - 1 - - - - 8 - - 224 209 158 - 14 2 - - 1 10 - - 327 297 253 - 2 7 - 2 1 13 - - 147 140 118 - 4 1 - - - 6 - - 123 115 48 1 3 5 - - - 7 - -

54 47 31 - 1 3 - - - 4 - - 257 249 222 - 2 1 - - 3 5 - -

98 93 76 - - - - - - 1 1 - 273 252 200 - 3 2 - - 1 12 - - 188 173 46 4 26 23 - - 1 20 - -

1 616 1 396 819 - 111 156 1 2 5 112 2 - 133 117 96 - - 1 - - - 5 - - 631 588 381 - 7 15 - 3 1 47 1 -

3 121 2 647 2 167 1 29 29 - 6 3 129 9 6 185 170 108 1 1 3 - - - 12 - - 440 406 340 - - 3 - 1 3 21 6 - 382 346 287 - 3 4 - - 1 5 1 1 312 282 218 - - 9 - - - 13 2 2 213 193 137 - 11 9 - - - 7 1 - 239 216 125 - 2 7 - - - 17 - - 237 217 170 - 6 7 - - 1 3 - -

69 64 46 1 - - - - 1 5 - - 109 103 58 1 6 7 1 - 1 4 - - 472 441 335 - 2 10 - 1 1 24 2 1

86 82 60 - - 3 - - 2 3 - - 101 91 56 - 1 4 - - - 5 - -

43 43 26 - 3 1 - - - 1 - - 1 1 - - - - - - - - - -

Opiates Benzodiazepines

Scotland

by NHS board


Outside Scotland

by council area


Outside Scotland



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Main illicit drugs1,2,3 : year ending 31 March 2002p B1.12

Scotland

by NHS board


Outside Scotland

by council area


Outside Scotland

2 131 135 108 1 821 44 81 18

- 14 5 10 - 91 10 - 3- 15 3 5 1 24 2 1 3- 7 3 11 - 23 - 6 1- 2 2 1 - 10 - - 1- 15 7 8 - 96 3 3 1- 1 3 3 - 38 - 1 2

1 2 8 8 - 49 1 - -- 26 58 7 - 172 4 56 3- 7 2 5 - 25 2 3 1

1 3 13 9 - 32 2 2 -- 27 28 35 - 193 16 8 3- 10 - 5 - 67 4 1 -- 3 3 1 - 5 - - -- - 1 - - - - - -

1 - 4 5 - 21 1 - -- 2 4 - - 21 - - -- 1 - - - 8 - - -- - - - - 9 1 - -- 9 - 3 - 11 1 - -- 1 3 1 - 10 1 1 2- 5 - 1 1 3 - - 1- 7 3 11 - 23 - 6 1- - - - - 7 - - 1- 2 2 1 - 10 - - 1- 1 2 - - 5 - 7 -- 4 1 6 - 22 - - 1- 7 - 5 - 38 2 1 -- 11 16 22 - 127 4 6 2- 1 1 - - 12 - 1 -- 15 7 8 - 96 3 3 1- 20 49 6 - 139 4 48 2- 7 2 5 - 25 2 3 1- 3 2 2 - 24 1 - -

1 4 6 5 - 25 2 1 -- 3 11 4 - 18 - 2 -- 4 2 2 - 19 1 - -- 11 9 8 - 27 7 2 1- 1 1 3 - 21 4 - -- - - 3 - 8 - - -- 2 - - - 21 2 - -- 7 1 3 - 43 8 - 3- 1 4 - - 9 - - -- - 2 3 - 19 - - 1- 3 3 1 - 5 - - -- - 1 - - - - - -

OtherSedatives Amphet- Cocaine7 Ecstasy Hallucin- Cannabis Solvents Alcohol8 Drugs

amines ogens

Other drug types

continued



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1 All figures in this table exclude penal establishment inmates and information received from needle exchanges.2 Individuals are included once within each NHS board and council area. Therefore the sum of local area data may not equal the Scotland figure.3 Please refer to “migration rules”, page 71.4 Information has been received from an additional 9 agencies in Ayrshire & Arran NHS board area from April 1999.5 Orkney, Shetland and Western Isles NHS boards.6 Eilean Siar, Orkney and Shetland councils.7 Percentages for years 1997/98 to 2000/01 are different from previous published data as they are based on number of individuals reporting illicit drug use and

not total individuals reported to the database (as used in previous years).8 At least one drug has been reported in the illicit drug profile.



B1.13 Reports of heroin use1,2 : 1997/98 - 2001/023

percentage of individuals reporting use of heroin ; NHS board and council area of residence


1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r 2000/01r 2001/02p 1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r 2000/01r 2001/02p

67 69 71 78 79 7 637 8 004 9 269 9 490 9 629

78 78 82 84 83 1 260 1 294 1 115 1 227 1 172 78 77 76 84 86 331 127 1 050 1 141 642 25 16 42 48 44 20 74 69 96 115 99 99 96 98 92 139 220 191 203 249 63 73 69 73 70 327 367 394 564 588 79 74 82 88 76 145 308 245 221 255 80 88 81 87 88 994 777 671 592 625 84 84 84 86 85 2 462 2 487 2 822 2 923 2 972 44 62 59 69 68 55 68 114 114 170 76 74 77 84 84 297 396 486 468 510 20 36 46 59 71 1 314 1 444 1 657 1 632 2 012 12 25 26 32 52 280 459 479 349 318

5 21 24 40 72 41 24 25 20 43 67 50 57 100 - 3 2 7 3 1

85 91 87 90 87 779 555 415 333 278 72 86 79 87 90 174 169 192 195 286 13 35 35 26 60 48 68 60 47 42 78 82 87 82 89 58 28 46 56 105 82 75 77 83 81 123 53 355 430 209 73 64 71 83 88 158 28 518 486 297 82 87 85 86 88 50 46 190 243 140 25 16 42 48 44 20 74 69 96 115 88 65 75 86 70 42 60 44 44 47 99 99 96 98 92 139 220 191 203 249 76 82 94 94 83 29 56 112 108 93 86 81 78 81 83 298 330 280 272 252

5 15 16 26 42 193 323 314 231 173 18 34 43 54 68 951 1 022 1 168 1 141 1 396 76 76 83 89 84 49 156 117 95 117 63 73 69 73 70 327 367 394 564 588 84 84 84 86 85 2 276 2 260 2 513 2 599 2 647 44 62 59 69 68 55 68 114 114 170 92 90 94 88 87 393 383 369 432 406 75 71 68 81 84 241 286 320 300 346 89 87 90 88 81 158 203 277 304 282 16 33 55 77 80 112 115 137 162 193 30 45 49 62 65 158 198 230 200 216 28 44 58 73 83 103 126 133 136 217 25 62 46 74 78 48 55 65 65 64 44 61 51 55 66 39 71 105 71 103 66 68 73 82 78 504 554 455 464 441 59 72 73 83 76 90 92 71 109 82 76 77 85 87 68 54 92 84 83 91

5 21 24 40 72 41 24 25 20 43 67 50 57 100 - 3 2 7 3 1

percentage7 Individuals reporting illicit drug use8 (=100%)

Scotland4

by NHS board

Argyll & ClydeAyrshire & Arran4


Outside Scotland

by council area

Aberdeen CityAberdeenshireAngusArgyll & ButeAyrshire East4

Ayrshire North4

Ayrshire South4


Outside Scotland



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Other drug types

B1.14 All prescribed drugs1,2,3,4 : year ending 31 March 2002p

number of individuals reporting being prescribed each drug; NHS board and council area of residence

1 All figures in this table exclude penal establishment inmates and information received from needle exchanges.2 Individuals are included once within each NHS board and council area. Therefore the sum of local area data may not equal the Scotland figure.3 The total drugs reported is greater than the number of new individual patients/clients because individuals may have reported use of more than

one drug.4 A prescribed drug is defined as ‘any drug which is prescribed for the treatment of drug misuse or dependence’.5 Orkney, Shetland and Western Isles NHS boards.6 Eilean Siar, Orkney and Shetland councils.7 At least one drug has been reported in the prescribed drug profile.

p Provisional.



number

10 798 4 820 3 077 798 67 1 571 146 250 48 69 56 682

1 270 467 274 79 6 115 14 30 10 11 5 84 694 160 117 24 - 20 - 3 - 1 - 7 123 51 9 19 - 22 4 5 - - - 7 257 81 23 16 3 28 3 23 1 3 - 12 631 246 139 41 6 114 7 16 1 5 2 23 288 68 39 7 2 22 3 1 1 - - 12 693 370 231 73 3 77 22 44 4 27 8 44

3 475 1 730 1 371 123 20 380 20 89 23 6 18 242 185 73 17 20 3 47 3 1 1 5 1 16 557 243 165 16 7 64 3 7 1 1 1 47

2 292 1 177 605 341 11 591 61 30 6 8 18 152 344 157 80 30 5 84 5 - - 1 3 31

43 23 7 9 1 7 1 1 - 1 - 5 1 - - - - - - - - - - -

317 185 134 15 1 38 8 - 3 22 3 21 311 159 77 57 2 33 12 44 1 4 5 19

47 24 8 3 2 15 - - - 1 1 6 118 54 21 13 2 23 3 6 2 2 1 10 224 26 13 6 - 7 - 2 - 1 - 4 327 60 33 18 - 10 - 1 - - - 3 147 75 71 - - 3 - - - - - - 123 51 9 19 - 22 4 5 - - - 7

54 14 9 1 - 3 1 - - - - 1 257 81 23 16 3 28 3 23 1 3 - 12

98 45 26 8 1 12 1 3 - - - 12 273 117 71 6 1 40 5 6 4 1 3 16 188 87 49 17 2 41 3 - - - - 19

1 616 884 448 265 9 448 45 19 3 5 14 114 133 35 19 5 1 13 1 - 1 - - 7 631 246 139 41 6 114 7 16 1 5 2 23

3 121 1 569 1 271 102 17 336 16 80 20 6 17 212 185 73 17 20 3 47 3 1 1 5 1 16 440 175 108 31 - 21 3 16 3 4 1 46 382 156 104 10 3 36 4 5 1 1 - 26 312 151 102 12 5 47 2 3 - - 2 33 213 100 50 29 2 46 3 1 - 1 2 17 239 97 46 18 - 45 9 4 2 2 2 13 237 106 61 29 - 52 4 6 1 - - 8

69 29 20 1 - 6 2 - - 1 - 4 109 46 23 10 1 28 2 - - - 2 6 472 145 88 31 2 39 3 6 3 4 - 13

86 31 19 5 2 5 - 1 1 - - 5 101 19 11 1 1 6 1 1 - - - 4

43 23 7 9 1 7 1 1 - 1 - 5 1 - - - - - - - - - - -

Scotland

by NHS board


Outside Scotland

by council area


Outside Scotland

New Individuals individual reporting Other Other Oher Other

patients a prescrip- Methadone Dihydro- Opiates Diazepam Temaz Nitraz Benzo Zopiclone Sedatives Drugs/clients tion7 codeine epam epam diazepines

Opiates


Ser

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B1.15 All prescribed drugs1,2,3 : year ending 31 March 2002p

percentage of individuals using each drugNEW INDIVIDUAL PATIENTS/CLIENTS

1 All figures in this table exclude penal establishment inmates and information received from needle exchanges.2 The total drugs reported is greater than the number of new individual patients/clients because individuals may have reported use of more than

one drug. Therefore percentages may add up to more than 100%.3 A prescribed drug is defined as ‘any drug which is prescribed for the treatment of drug misuse or dependence’.4 At least one drug has been reported in the prescribed drug profile.

p Provisional.


Under 30 yearsAll ages 20 years 20-29 years and over

4 820 239 2 553 2 028

percentage

64 51 65 64 17 24 16 16 1 1 1 2

33 28 32 34 3 3 3 4 5 6 6 4 1 1 1 1 1 - 2 1 1 1 1 1

14 15 13 15

Individuals reporting a prescription4

(=100%)

OpiatesMethadoneDihydrocodeineOther Opiates

Other Drug typesDiazepamTemazepamNitrazepamOther BenzodiazepinesZopicloneOther SedativesOther Drugs


Ser

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s &

tre

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ent

Other drug types

B1.16 Main prescribed drug1,2,3 : year ending 31 March 2002p

Number of individuals being prescribed each drug as main drug; NHS board and council area of residence

1 All figures in this table exclude penal establishment inmates and information received from needle exchanges.2 Individuals are included once within each NHS board and council area. Therefore the sum of local area data may not equal the Scotland figure.3 A prescribed drug is defined as ‘any drug which is prescribed for the treatment of drug misuse or dependence’.4 Orkney, Shetland and Western Isles NHS boards.5 Eilean Siar, Orkney and Shetland councils.6 At least one drug has been reported in the prescribed drug profile.

p Provisional.



number

10 798 4 820 3 044 703 40 566 23 41 28 16 7 352

1 270 467 274 68 5 53 4 4 7 3 1 48 694 160 116 21 - 13 - 2 - 1 - 7 123 51 10 17 - 18 - 1 - - - 5 257 81 24 14 2 23 - 10 1 2 - 5 631 246 137 39 3 45 - 3 1 2 - 16 288 68 40 6 1 10 1 - 1 - - 9 693 370 234 69 3 21 3 2 1 5 1 31

3 475 1 730 1 366 104 11 105 2 15 13 - 3 111 185 73 17 18 2 22 1 1 1 2 - 9 557 243 168 12 6 28 1 - - - - 28

2 292 1 177 593 305 5 187 10 4 3 1 2 67 344 157 80 22 2 40 1 - - - - 12

43 23 7 8 - 3 - - - - - 5 1 - - - - - - - - - - -

317 185 136 13 1 13 2 - 1 4 1 14 311 159 78 55 2 5 1 2 - 1 - 15

47 24 8 3 - 11 - - - - - 2 118 54 22 9 2 10 - - 2 2 1 6 224 26 12 5 - 3 - 1 - 1 - 4 327 60 33 16 - 7 - 1 - - - 3 147 75 72 - - 3 - - - - - - 123 51 10 17 - 18 - 1 - - - 5

54 14 9 1 - 2 1 - - - - 1 257 81 24 14 2 23 - 10 1 2 - 5

98 45 25 4 - 5 - 2 - - - 9 273 117 72 5 - 24 2 1 3 - - 10 188 87 49 10 1 18 1 - - - - 8

1 616 884 447 238 4 135 8 2 1 - 2 47 133 35 19 4 - 6 - - 1 - - 5 631 246 137 39 3 45 - 3 1 2 - 16

3 121 1 569 1 269 88 9 86 1 12 11 - 3 90 185 73 17 18 2 22 1 1 1 2 - 9 440 175 108 29 - 8 2 4 2 - - 22 382 156 106 8 2 17 2 - - - - 21 312 151 104 9 5 18 - - - - - 15 213 100 47 27 1 18 - - - - - 7 239 97 46 14 - 23 2 - 2 1 - 9 237 106 61 28 - 11 - 2 - - - 4

69 29 23 1 - 3 - - - - - 2 109 46 23 9 1 11 - - - - - 2 472 145 86 27 2 17 - - 1 1 - 11

86 31 19 5 2 1 - - 1 - - 3 101 19 12 1 1 2 - - - - - 3

43 23 7 8 - 3 - - - - - 5 1 - - - - - - - - - - -

Scotland

by NHS board


Outside Scotland

by council area


Outside Scotland


New Individuals individual reporting Other Other Oher Other

patients a prescrip- Methadone Dihydro- Opiates Diazepam Temaz Nitraz Benzo Zopiclone Sedatives Drugs/clients tion6 codeine epam epam diazepines

Opiates


Ser

vice

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tre

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ent

char

t B1.10

N = 8 659

AGE PROFILES

The Database collects information on the age of the individual at different points of their drug use: age whenfirst used an illicit drug, age at onset of problem and age when (professional) help was sought. The time lagsbetween these ages provides an indication of the length of time between first use, onset of problem and seekinghelp.

char

t

B1.11 Age at onset of problem drug use : 2001/02

N = 8 858Source : Table B1.18

The chart shows that the majority were intheir teens when they first used illicit drugs– 45 per cent were aged 15-19 years, 35 percent were aged under 15 years.

Age when first started using illicit drugs : 2001/02


Age when first started using illicit drugs

This question was introduced in April 2001. It should be noted that this excludes alcohol and tobacco but mayinclude solvents.

Age at onset of problem drug use

As in previous years, the majority of individuals’ problem drug use commenced during teenage years.

Overall, 50 per cent of individuals reportedthat their drug use became a problem in theirteens - 44 per cent when they were aged 15 -19 years and 6 per cent when they were agedunder 15 years.


35 years and over1%

30-34 years2%25-29 years

5%

20-24 years12%

15-19 years45%

under 15 years35%

35 years and over

3%30-34 years

6%

25-29years13%

20-24 years27%

15-19 years44%

under 15 years6%


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ent

char

t

B1.13a Time from first used illicit drugs until help was first sought : 2001/02

N = 8 337Source : Table B1.20

char

t B1.12

This shows the large variation amongst individuals inthe length of time between first use and when help firstsought. Only 4 per cent of individuals reported thatthey sought help within the first year of use, otherindividuals reported anything from 1 to 2 years (18 percent) to more than 15 years (9 per cent). This possiblyreflects the importance of the individuals own personalcircumstances in determining when an individual seekshelp for their drug problem.

char

t

B1.13b Time from onset of problem until help was first sought : 2001/02

Chart B1.13b shows that the majority of individuals(61 per cent) reported seeking professional help lessthan 3 years from when their drug use became aproblem.


N = 8 618


Age when help first sought : 2001/02

Length of time from when first used illict drugs until help first sought

Source : Table B1.19 N = 8 834

Age when help first sought

Length of time from onset of problem drug use until help first sought

Table B1.21 shows the time lag between drug use becoming a problem and the point when the individual sought help.

Chart B1.12 shows that three in five individuals firstsought help for their drug problem before they wereaged 25 years. Over four out of five individuals, (82per cent) sought help before 30 years of age.

40 years and over

2%35-39 years5%

30-34 years10%

25-29 years 22%

20-24 years 34%

15-19 years25%

Under 15 years1%

15 years and over9%

11-14 years12%

9-10 years10%

7-8 years12%

5-6 years16%

3-4 years18%

1-2 years18%

less than 1 year4%

15 years and over 2%

11-14 years3%9-10 years

3%7-8 years

5%

5-6 years9%

3-4 years17%

1-2 years35%

less than 1 year26%


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vice

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tre

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ent

1 All figures in this table exclude penal establishment inmates and information received from needle exchanges.2 Individuals are included once within each NHS board and council area. Therefore the sum of local area data may not equal the Scotland figure.3 Includes illicit drugs, volatile substances and over the counter medicine taken inappropriately. Excludes alcohol and tobacco.4 Orkney, Shetland and Western Isles NHS boards.5 Eilean Siar, Orkney and Shetland councils.



B1.17 Age when first started using illicit drugs1,2,3 : year ending 31 March 2002p



percentage number

35 45 12 5 2 1 - 8 659 2 139

35 46 12 4 2 1 - 919 351 33 50 10 3 1 1 1 288 406 39 50 5 4 1 - - 76 47 37 44 9 5 4 - - 243 14 49 38 8 2 3 - - 447 184 46 40 7 4 2 2 - 235 53 39 50 7 3 1 1 - 600 93 31 44 14 6 3 1 1 3 088 387 30 50 12 6 3 - - 155 30 29 44 14 7 4 1 - 489 68 35 44 12 5 2 1 1 1 842 450 36 47 9 4 2 1 1 287 57 43 41 11 3 3 - - 37 6

- 100 - - - - - 1 -

33 51 10 3 1 2 - 258 59 45 48 4 2 - 1 - 286 25 39 58 - 3 - - - 33 14 42 37 15 4 - 1 - 73 45 28 51 16 4 - 1 - 80 144 25 55 12 4 1 2 2 128 199 53 42 2 1 1 - - 81 66 39 50 5 4 1 - - 76 47 42 40 7 2 4 4 - 45 9 37 44 9 5 4 - - 243 14 28 50 10 8 2 2 - 60 38 38 44 9 4 3 2 - 223 50 41 46 8 4 2 - - 160 28 35 44 12 5 2 1 1 1 298 318 45 38 10 5 1 1 - 104 29 49 38 8 2 3 - - 447 184 31 44 14 6 3 1 1 2 817 304 30 50 12 6 3 - - 155 30 28 49 15 4 3 1 1 392 48 27 47 13 7 4 1 1 329 53 34 39 14 8 4 1 - 278 34 32 51 10 4 1 1 1 173 40 34 45 11 5 3 1 - 176 63 41 39 13 4 1 1 - 205 32 38 48 12 2 - - - 60 9 27 47 14 5 2 3 2 94 15 39 45 8 5 2 2 1 258 214 41 41 9 3 2 5 - 66 20 48 43 3 3 1 1 - 86 15 43 41 11 3 3 - - 37 6

- 100 - - - - - 1 -

Under 15 - 19 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 34 35 - 39 40 years Inform- Inform-15 years years years years years years and over ation iation

avail- unavail-able able

(=100%)

Scotland

by NHS board


Outside Scotland

by council area


Outside Scotland



Ser

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B1.18 Age at onset of problem drug use1,2 : year ending 31 March 2002p



percentage number

6 44 27 13 6 2 1 8 858 1 940

7 46 25 13 5 3 1 910 360 10 41 26 13 6 3 1 587 107 8 56 14 16 3 3 - 73 50 5 47 25 14 6 2 2 244 13

12 44 24 11 7 2 1 449 182 9 40 29 11 8 2 1 235 53 4 49 30 11 3 3 1 593 100 5 43 29 14 6 2 1 3 047 428 7 34 27 21 4 4 2 154 31 3 39 31 15 8 2 2 484 73 8 45 27 11 5 2 1 1 804 488 8 50 23 9 5 2 2 286 58

- 35 35 19 3 5 3 37 6- 100 - - - - - 1 -

3 48 30 11 4 3 1 254 63 4 53 28 10 2 2 1 282 29

12 53 15 18 - 3 - 34 13 3 45 24 20 4 4 - 71 47

10 37 26 16 7 4 1 193 31 10 40 28 13 4 3 2 263 64 10 47 21 10 7 3 1 135 12 8 56 14 16 3 3 - 73 50 2 53 22 9 9 2 2 45 9 5 47 25 14 6 2 2 244 13 3 51 26 7 7 2 5 61 37 3 46 26 15 4 4 1 226 47 8 50 25 8 6 3 2 158 30 8 44 28 12 5 2 1 1 271 345 8 41 30 12 8 2 - 105 28

12 44 24 11 7 2 1 449 182 5 43 29 14 6 2 1 2 771 350 7 34 27 21 4 4 2 154 31 6 50 25 12 4 3 1 391 49 3 38 30 16 9 1 2 323 59 3 38 33 15 7 3 1 278 34 4 56 25 9 4 2 1 169 44 7 47 24 9 10 3 - 169 70

10 41 30 11 5 2 - 206 31 5 35 40 12 3 2 3 60 9 6 48 23 10 6 2 4 94 15

11 41 24 14 7 2 2 256 216 6 41 30 9 5 8 2 66 20

13 33 33 12 7 1 1 85 16- 35 35 19 3 5 3 37 6- 100 - - - - - 1 -



(=100%)

Scotland

by NHS board


Outside Scotland

by council area


Outside Scotland



Ser

vice

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tre

atm

ent

B1.19 Age when help first sought1,2,3 : year ending 31 March 2002p




1 All figures in this table exclude penal establishment inmates and information received from needle exchanges.2 Individuals are included once within each NHS board and council area. Therefore the sum of local area data may not equal the Scotland figure.3 Includes professional help/advice for their drug misuse problem.4 Orkney, Shetland and Western Isles NHS boards.5 Eilean Siar, Orkney and Shetland councils.



percentage number



(=100%)

1 25 34 22 10 5 2 8 834 1 964

2 30 31 20 10 5 2 914 356 1 26 30 24 12 5 3 580 114 1 38 31 14 11 6 - 72 51

- 29 36 20 9 4 2 245 12 6 35 28 15 10 4 2 456 175 3 25 36 18 13 5 1 233 55

- 31 39 19 7 3 2 593 100- 19 35 26 12 5 3 3 015 460- 21 29 30 12 4 5 149 36

1 25 37 20 12 3 2 483 74 2 28 35 20 8 5 2 1 810 482 5 37 27 16 8 3 3 291 53

- 16 29 24 18 8 5 38 5- - - 100 - - - 1 -

- 28 37 22 7 4 2 250 67- 34 40 15 7 3 1 286 25

10 31 28 26 3 3 - 39 8- 15 46 15 14 7 1 71 47

1 26 27 26 13 5 2 187 37 2 28 33 20 10 5 3 265 62

- 21 30 27 14 4 3 132 15 1 38 31 14 11 6 - 72 51

- 30 36 16 11 5 2 44 10- 29 36 20 9 4 2 245 12- 15 40 25 11 7 2 55 43- 28 32 21 10 7 2 227 46

5 40 29 12 8 4 3 160 28 2 28 34 20 9 5 3 1 266 350

- 27 34 21 13 5 - 105 28 6 35 28 15 10 4 2 456 175 1 19 35 26 12 5 3 2 748 373

- 21 29 30 12 4 5 149 36 1 33 29 24 8 4 1 390 50 1 24 36 19 15 2 2 321 61

- 22 35 27 9 6 1 278 34 1 32 37 18 8 3 2 173 40 3 28 35 17 9 7 1 179 60 4 27 34 22 6 3 3 201 36

- 23 42 23 7 2 3 60 9 2 34 25 20 11 3 5 92 17 3 29 30 18 11 5 2 258 214 2 20 36 17 15 9 2 66 20 8 20 38 14 13 5 1 84 17

- 16 29 24 18 8 5 38 5- - - 100 - - - 1 -

Scotland

by NHS board


Outside Scotland

by council area


Outside Scotland


Ser

vice

s &

tre

atm

ent

4 18 18 16 12 10 12 9 8 337 2 461

3 20 21 16 12 8 11 8 878 3923 11 16 17 11 11 18 14 285 4093 16 19 17 19 11 4 11 70 532 18 16 23 14 8 11 7 243 143 22 16 18 14 9 8 10 436 1952 20 13 15 15 10 15 10 232 564 16 18 18 14 13 10 8 582 1113 17 18 16 12 11 14 10 2 981 4944 12 15 15 10 12 18 13 143 424 24 20 17 12 8 9 6 474 838 19 17 17 12 9 10 8 1 742 5506 23 20 15 10 8 11 8 279 65- 5 5 14 19 11 24 22 37 6- - - - - - 100 - 1 -

4 19 19 15 12 12 11 8 246 713 14 18 19 15 15 9 7 280 31- 9 18 21 15 12 15 9 33 14- 14 16 17 19 6 17 11 64 54- 10 18 18 10 13 18 15 80 1446 13 17 17 16 12 10 10 126 2011 9 13 16 4 8 31 19 80 673 16 19 17 19 11 4 11 70 53- 18 18 25 9 9 16 5 44 102 18 16 23 14 8 11 7 243 142 19 13 17 11 11 17 9 53 454 20 16 16 9 12 12 12 217 565 24 19 16 10 6 10 9 155 338 19 17 16 12 9 10 9 1 217 3993 19 10 13 22 8 14 12 104 293 22 16 18 14 9 8 10 436 1953 17 18 16 12 11 14 10 2 723 3984 12 15 15 10 12 18 13 143 422 22 25 18 10 7 10 5 382 584 25 20 16 13 7 9 6 315 674 20 18 18 10 10 11 9 273 399 17 18 17 12 12 7 9 164 496 25 11 21 12 6 13 6 173 666 15 19 19 12 10 14 5 196 413 12 15 22 14 12 14 8 59 109 27 21 10 9 8 11 5 91 184 19 20 15 13 9 11 10 241 2315 9 18 14 14 17 12 12 66 201 23 14 13 10 13 15 11 84 17- 5 5 14 19 11 24 22 37 6- - - - - - 100 - 1 -

1 All figures in this table exclude penal establishment inmates and information received from needle exchanges.2 Individuals are included once within each NHS board and council area. Therefore the sum of local area data may not equal the Scotland figure.3 Includes illicit drugs, volatile substances and over the counter medicine taken inappropriately. Excludes alcohol and tobacco.4 Includes professional help/advice for their drug misuse problem.5 Orkney, Shetland and Western Isles NHS boards.6 Eilean Siar, Orkney and Shetland councils.



B1.20 Time1,2 from first used illicit drugs3 until help first sought4 : yearending 31 March 2002p


Less 1 -2 3 - 4 5 - 6 7 - 8 9 - 10 11 - 14 15 Inform- Inform-than years years years years years years years ation ation

1 year and available unavailableover (=100%)


percentage number

Scotland

by NHS board


Outside Scotland

by council area


Outside Scotland



Ser

vice

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tre

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ent

26 35 17 9 5 3 3 2 8 618 2 180

23 38 18 10 5 3 3 1 875 395 14 38 20 11 5 5 3 4 569 125 25 43 10 6 7 3 4 1 69 54 23 43 19 7 5 - 2 1 244 13 33 40 12 8 3 2 1 2 441 190 26 40 16 9 4 2 3 1 231 57 34 37 15 7 3 2 2 1 580 113 21 33 19 10 6 4 4 3 2 969 506 28 33 17 7 10 1 - 3 145 40 30 40 16 7 4 2 1 - 477 80 33 32 14 8 4 4 3 2 1 746 546 36 34 16 4 4 3 2 1 280 64 31 17 11 11 19 6 3 3 36 7

- - - - - 100 - - 1 -

32 36 15 7 3 4 2 - 243 74 36 35 16 6 3 1 2 1 280 31 29 26 24 6 6 6 - 3 34 13 19 33 23 16 3 5 2 - 64 54 13 38 23 12 4 6 2 1 185 39 13 39 22 10 5 4 2 4 256 71 17 33 10 11 6 8 6 8 132 15 25 43 10 6 7 3 4 1 69 54 23 48 11 11 2 2 2 - 44 10 23 43 19 7 5 - 2 1 244 13 20 25 18 16 11 4 4 2 55 43 22 40 18 10 3 2 4 1 221 52 38 37 15 3 3 3 1 - 155 33 32 31 16 8 4 3 3 3 1 222 394 21 38 20 8 4 2 5 2 104 29 33 40 12 8 3 2 1 2 441 190 21 33 18 10 7 4 5 3 2 705 416 28 33 17 7 10 1 - 3 145 40 21 38 20 11 5 2 2 1 380 60 33 41 16 7 2 1 1 - 316 66 25 38 19 8 5 2 1 2 274 38 37 33 11 7 3 5 2 2 164 49 31 43 10 5 3 3 4 1 169 70 34 33 14 8 4 5 3 2 200 37 35 43 5 8 3 3 2 - 60 9 36 31 14 7 3 2 4 2 91 18 27 39 16 7 4 2 4 2 242 230 29 35 9 9 9 5 - 5 66 20 34 37 12 8 5 2 - 1 83 18 31 17 11 11 19 6 3 3 36 7

- - - - - 100 - - 1 -

1 All figures in this table exclude penal establishment inmates and information received from needle exchanges.2 Individuals are included once within each NHS board and council area. Therefore the sum of local area data may not equal the Scotland figure.3 Includes professional help/advice for their drug misuse problem.4 Orkney, Shetland and Western Isles NHS boards.5 Eilean Siar, Orkney and Shetland councils.



B1.21 Time1,2 from onset of problem drug use until helpfirst sought3 : yearending 31 March 2002p


Less 1 -2 3 - 4 5 - 6 7 - 8 9 - 10 11 - 14 15 Inform- Inform-than years years years years years years years ation ation

1 year and available unavailableover (=100%)


percentage number

Scotland

by NHS board


Outside Scotland

by council area


Outside Scotland



Ser

vice

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tre

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ent

Due to the important health implications, information on injecting and sharing behaviour is collected by theDatabase. All patients/clients are asked whether they have ever injected and if so, whether they have done soin the past month prior to attending the service. Similar questions are asked regarding sharing needles/syringesand sharing spoons/water/filters/solutions.

In recent years, the percentage of individuals reporting that they had injected in the past month has remainedrelatively stable at around 39 per cent. (Table B1.23)

ROUTES OF USE AND SHARING BEHAVIOUR

Injecting status

Percentage of individuals injecting within the previous month by age group :1997/98 - 2001/02rB1.14ch

art

Age when first injected : 2001/02B1.15char

t

There are some apparent differences ininjecting behaviour by age group. The 20-29age group is more likely to have injected inthe previous month, around 41 per cent.

For those aged under 20 years the percentagecurrently injecting has fallen consistently from35 per cent in 1998/99 to 25 per cent in2001/02.

NYear Under 20 20 – 29 30 years All ages

years years and over

1997/98 1 282 4 992 2 151 8 4251998/99 1 286 5 048 2 510 8 8441999/00 1 299 5 623 2 976 9 8982000/01 1 209 5 690 3 318 10 2172001/02 1 088 5 568 3 605 10 261

Chart B1.15 shows that there is no evidenceof a particular age when injecting begins.

Thirty-eight per cent of new attendeeswho had injected in the previous monthreported that they had first injected between15 and 19 years of age. Thirty-one per centfirst injected in their early twenties.

The median age of first injecting is 21 years.


0

25

30

35

40

45

50

30 years and over

20-29 years

Under 20 years

All ages

2001/022000/011999/001998/991997/98


Per

cent

age

r Revised.

30 years and over10%

25-29 years18%

20-24 years31%

19 yrs

18 yrs

17 yrs

16 yrs

15 yrs

under 15 years3%

15-19 years - percentages

15 yrs 4%16 yrs 8%17 yrs 8%18 yrs 10%19 yrs 8%

Source: Table B1.25 N = 3 626


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Route of heroin use : 1997/98 - 2001/02rB1.16char

t

Individuals are asked about the routes of administration for each drug they are using. In 2001/02, 53 per centof heroin users reported that they injected, this includes some who also reported other ways of taking the druge.g. smoking. Forty-seven per cent of individuals reported that they only used non-injecting routes (table B1.28).

From 1997/98 to 1999/00, under 20 year old heroin userswere more likely to report injecting. This trend wasreversed in 2000/01 and continues in 2001/02 with 42per cent reporting that they injected, 58 per cent did notinject.

Routes of heroin use


From 1997/98 to 1999/00 the majority of individualsreported injecting heroin. Over the past two years, thepercentage injecting has fallen slightly

Compared to other age groups, heroin users in the 30years and over age group are more likely to inject heroin.However, in the most recent two years there has been areduction in the percentage reporting injecting.

In the 20-29 year old age group, from 1997/98 to2000/01 there was a gradual rise in those reportinginjecting heroin. In 2001/02, the percentage injectingwas the same as in 2000/01, 53 per cent.

Year N

1997/98 5 0221998/99 5 5001999/00 6 3362000/01 7 2912001/02 7 529

Year N1997/98 7881998/99 8211999/00 8062000/01 7872001/02 679

Year N

1997/98 3 1451998/99 3 3351999/00 3 8882000/01 4 3072001/02 4 434

Year N

1997/98 1 0891998/99 1 3441999/00 1 6422000/01 2 1972001/02 2 416

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Not inject

Inject1

2001/022000/011999/001998/991997/98

All Ages

Per

cent

age

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70Not inject

Inject1

2001/022000/011999/001998/991997/98

Under 20 years

Per

cent

age

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Not inject

Inject1

2001/022000/011999/001998/991997/98

20 - 29 years

Per

cent

age

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Not inject

Inject1

2001/022000/011999/001998/991997/98

30 years and over

Per

cent

age

r Revised Source: Table B1.28

1 Inject includes any mention of: intravenous, intramuscular, skin popping


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Area injected into: 2001/02B1.17char

tThe question on injection sites provides information on the risk practices associated with current injectors.(Table B1.33)

Injection sites

Fifty-six per cent of current injectorsreported that they were injecting into theirarms only. A further 28 per cent reportedthat they were injecting into their arms andelsewhere. The remainder reported thatthey were injecting elsewhere only.

Both arms and elsewhere

28%

Elsewhere only16%

Arms only 56%

Sharing status

Form SMR24 also collects information on sharing needles/syringes and on sharing spoons/water/filters/solutions. Prior to April 2001, less specific information was collected on ‘sharing injecting equipment’.

Sharing needles/syringes

Sharing needles/syringes 2001/02B1.18char

t

In 2001/02 36 per cent of current injectorsreported that they shared needles/syringes inthe previous month. Twenty-four per centreported that they had shared needles/syringesin the past but not in the previous month, 40per cent had never shared needles/syringes.

Sharing spoons/water/filters/solutions 2001/02B1.19char

t

Sharing spoons/water/filters/solutions

In 2001/02 50 per cent of current injectorsreported that they shared spoons/water/filters/solutions in the previous month.Twenty-two per cent reported that theyhad shared spoons/water/filters/solutionsin the past but not in the previous month;29 per cent had never shared spoons/water/filters/solutions .

Source: B1.33

N = 3 451

Has never shared40%

Shared in past - but not in previous month

24%

Shared in previous month36%

Has never shared29%

Shared in past - not in previous month

22%

Shared in previous month50%

Source: B1.30

Source: B1.31

N = 2 925

N = 2 872





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Percentage of current injectors reporting sharing injecting equipment byage group : 1997/98-2001/02rB1.20ch

art

Trends in sharing ‘injecting equipment’

It is thought that prior to April 2001, the responses to the sharing ‘injecting equipment’ question had generallybeen interpreted wrongly as equivalent to sharing needles/syringes. The trend table B1.32 presents informationon sharing injecting equipment for years 1997/98 to 2000/01 and sharing needles/syringes for 2001/02. Cautionis however recommended when comparing data for 2001/02 with previous years as it is not possible to verifythat the questions are equivalent in every case.

There has been a slight rise between 2000/01and 2001/02 in the percentage sharing injectingequipment (needles/syringes).

This is mainly accounted for by an increasefrom 28 per cent to 35 per cent among currentinjectors aged 30 years and over, and a smallincrease among injectors aged under 20 years(40 per cent in 2000/01, 42 per cent in 2001/02).

NYear Under 20 20 – 29 30 years All ages

years years and over

1997/98 373 1 557 650 2 5801998/99 359 1 661 746 2 7661999/00 333 1 823 831 2 9872000/01 284 1 802 1 057 3 1432001/02 193 1 706 1 026 2 925

0

10

20

30

40

50

30 years and over

20-29 years

under 20 years

Allages

2001/022000/011999/001998/991997/98


Per

cent

age

r Revised



Ser

vice

s &

tre

atm

ent

39 22 40 10 261 537

34 20 46 1 211 59 48 18 34 638 56 26 20 54 116 7 70 13 17 254 3 36 16 49 617 14 46 21 33 273 15 49 21 30 663 30 45 28 27 3 303 172 40 13 47 176 9 42 16 42 529 28 24 20 55 2 158 134 23 17 60 331 13 29 17 54 41 2

- - 100 1 -

51 26 23 301 16 49 17 34 300 11 33 14 53 43 4 36 19 44 108 10 47 17 36 202 22 42 21 37 299 28 63 12 24 139 8 26 20 54 116 7 36 26 38 50 4 70 13 17 254 3 53 9 39 80 18 38 22 40 265 8 15 20 65 186 2 24 22 54 1 532 84 53 21 25 126 7 36 16 49 617 14 45 29 26 2 978 143 40 13 47 176 9 48 25 27 434 6 45 14 40 366 16 35 26 39 294 18 29 15 56 195 18 19 17 64 222 17 28 15 57 221 16 32 20 48 66 3 34 13 53 102 7 20 14 66 434 38 26 19 55 85 1 42 18 40 97 4 29 17 54 41 2

- - 100 1 -

B1.22 Injecting1,2 : year ending 31 March 2002p



Scotland

by NHS board


Outside Scotland

by council area


Outside Scotland

(but not inprevious

month)

Injected Injected Has Information Information in previous in past never available unavailable

month injected (=100%)





percentage number


Ser

vice

s &

tre

atm

ent

1 All figures in this table exclude penal establishment inmates and information received from needle exchanges.2 An additional 9 agencies in Ayrshire & Arran began contributing to SDMD 1999/00.



B1.23 Injecting1,2 : 1997/98 - 2001/02percentage of individuals by injecting status and age group


percentage

1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r 2000/01r 20001/02p

8 719 9 178 10 514 10 585 10 798

8 425 8 844 9 898 10 217 10 261

38 39 40 39 39 18 18 20 20 22 44 43 40 41 40

1 315 1 318 1 395 1 245 1 138

1 282 1 286 1 299 1 209 1 088

34 35 33 28 25 9 9 10 11 10

57 55 57 61 65

5 161 5 235 5 949 5 896 5 848

4 992 5 048 5 623 5 690 5 568

39 41 43 41 41 18 18 19 20 20 44 42 39 39 38

2 243 2 625 3 170 3 444 3 812

2 151 2 510 2 976 3 318 3 605

38 37 37 40 38 25 24 27 24 27 37 38 37 36 34

All ages (Total)

Information available (=100%)

Injected in previous monthInjected in past, not in previous monthNever injected

Under 20 years (Total)



20 - 29 years (Total)



30 years and over (Total)




percentage

percentage

percentage


Ser

vice

s &

tre

atm

ent

1 All figures in this table exclude penal establishment inmates and information received from needle exchanges.2 Individuals are included once within each NHS board and council area. Therefore the sum of local area data may not equal the Scotland figure.3 An additional 9 agencies in Ayrshire & Arran began contributing to SDMD in 1999/00.4 Orkney, Shetland and Western Isles NHS boards.5 Eilean Siar, Orkney and Shetland councils.



B1.24 Current injecting1,2 : 1997/98 - 2001/02percentage of individuals reporting injecting in the past month ; NHS board and council area of residence


1997/98r

1998/99r

1999/00r

2000/01r

20001/02p

1997/98r

1998/99r

1999/00r

2000/01r

20001/02p

38 39 40 39 39 8 425 8 844 9 898 10 217 10 261

32 36 41 40 34 1 302 1 360 1 172 1 278 1 211 36 48 41 43 48 345 140 847 1 156 638 10 14 23 37 26 21 77 77 101 116 70 66 76 77 70 143 221 193 206 254 25 44 40 38 36 353 382 416 595 617 53 50 58 62 46 154 329 267 242 273 72 69 60 53 49 1 011 811 698 621 663 46 47 46 45 45 2 746 2 795 3 207 3 191 3 303 43 32 40 37 40 60 73 121 123 176 38 43 47 43 42 301 416 528 498 529 10 14 18 17 24 1 644 1 721 1 893 1 863 2 158 17 19 20 15 23 333 540 516 393 331 40 23 25 44 29 45 26 24 18 41

100 - 67 33 - 2 1 6 3 1

79 73 66 57 51 780 579 429 352 301 58 63 55 52 49 183 169 198 201 300 28 30 25 13 33 47 74 64 54 43 28 45 57 54 36 60 29 46 57 108 40 36 46 48 47 129 61 300 437 202 27 34 32 35 42 164 29 388 494 299 56 70 55 51 63 52 50 167 244 139 10 14 23 37 26 21 77 77 101 116 74 49 48 50 36 42 65 44 48 50 70 66 76 77 70 143 221 193 206 254 32 36 48 40 53 31 58 130 121 80 44 45 44 42 38 317 357 305 295 265 15 16 15 12 15 234 386 336 260 186 11 15 18 19 24 1 236 1 249 1 358 1 316 1 532 39 45 54 69 53 54 168 132 100 126 25 44 40 38 36 353 382 416 595 617 46 49 47 46 45 2 552 2 541 2 860 2 845 2 978 43 32 40 37 40 60 73 121 123 176 46 51 62 55 48 388 385 378 452 434 39 42 41 42 45 246 302 358 329 366 46 44 54 44 35 158 219 298 308 294 11 16 19 14 29 122 122 154 177 195 10 14 15 17 19 164 216 246 222 222

3 5 16 14 28 136 154 151 157 221 16 42 31 38 32 55 65 72 69 66 17 24 29 27 34 53 83 116 79 102 19 21 24 27 20 536 604 474 472 434 19 22 23 29 26 91 94 81 117 85 50 59 69 61 42 58 96 91 95 97 40 23 25 44 29 45 26 24 18 41

100 - 67 33 - 2 1 6 3 1

Scotland3

by NHS board



Outside Scotland

by council area


Ayrshire North3

Ayrshire South3


Outside Scotland


percentage Information available (=100%)


Ser

vice

s &

tre

atm

ent

B1.25 Age when first injected 1,2 : year ending 31 March 2002p

individuals reported to have injected in past month; NHS board and council area of residence

Under 15 - 19 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 34 35 - 39 40 years Inform- Inform- Median Youngest Oldest15 years years years years years years and over ation ation age


(=100%)


percentage number


p Provisional.|| Due to rounding percentages may not add up to 100%.z Not shown where information available ≤ 10.


3 38 31 18 7 2 1 3 626 337 21.0 10 62

1 37 33 19 6 4 1 358 58 21.0 14 51 3 34 30 22 7 4 1 273 33 22.0 13 44

- 59 27 5 5 - 5 22 8 19.0 15 43 4 40 30 12 11 4 1 167 10 20.0 13 40 2 42 28 13 12 1 1 182 38 20.0 13 51 2 37 28 20 10 3 - 120 6 21.5 14 38 4 43 33 13 3 2 1 296 27 20.0 11 45 3 38 32 19 6 2 1 1 393 85 21.0 10 49 1 28 30 25 9 4 3 69 2 24.0 11 54 1 37 30 24 5 1 - 206 17 21.0 13 40 4 34 34 17 7 3 - 481 46 21.0 12 62 6 46 19 19 7 1 3 70 7 19.0 14 45

- 30 40 30 - - - 10 2 z z z

5 41 32 13 4 4 1 140 15 20.0 11 40 2 46 33 13 4 1 1 138 10 20.0 13 45

- 46 15 38 - - - 13 1 20.0 15 28- 36 24 21 12 6 - 33 6 22.0 15 37

3 27 30 24 8 6 2 88 6 23.0 14 44 2 33 33 24 4 3 1 103 22 22.0 14 44 2 43 28 16 8 2 - 83 5 21.0 13 36

- 59 27 5 5 - 5 22 8 19.0 15 43- 50 19 19 13 - - 16 2 19.5 15 34

4 40 30 12 11 4 1 167 10 20.0 13 40- 49 34 10 5 2 - 41 1 20.0 15 36- 36 33 16 11 3 - 91 11 21.0 15 38- 46 21 8 17 4 4 24 4 21.0 15 45

5 33 33 19 7 3 1 338 34 21.0 12 62 2 44 25 17 6 6 - 64 3 20.0 14 38 2 42 28 13 12 1 1 182 38 20.0 13 51 3 39 32 18 5 2 1 1 273 76 21.0 10 49 1 28 30 25 9 4 3 69 2 24.0 11 54 1 38 35 18 4 3 1 193 17 20.0 14 42 1 38 31 21 7 1 1 151 15 21.0 14 40 3 31 29 33 2 2 - 100 3 22.0 13 39 2 47 35 10 6 - - 51 5 20.0 13 34 5 34 32 18 5 5 - 38 5 21.0 13 38

- 31 41 16 9 3 - 58 3 22.0 16 38 6 39 39 17 - - - 18 3 20.0 14 28

12 45 18 18 3 - 3 33 2 18.0 14 42- 33 25 26 11 4 2 57 29 22.0 16 51- 19 48 19 5 10 - 21 1 22.0 17 38

3 20 38 25 15 - - 40 1 23.0 14 33- 30 40 30 - - - 10 2 z z z

Scotland

by NHS board


by council area




Ser

vice

s &

tre

atm

ent

B1.26 Age when first injected1,2 : 1997/98 - 2001/02percentage of individuals reported to have injected in past month by age first injected


3 173 3 448 3 929 3 980 3 963

2 648 2 889 3 242 3 401 3 626

3 2 3 2 3 43 42 40 37 38 33 33 34 33 31 15 15 16 18 18 4 6 5 7 7 2 2 2 2 2

- - 1 1 1

20 20 20 21 21 11 10 12 10 10 45 60 49 52 62

percentage




New individual patients/clients



Median ageYoungestOldest

1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r 2000/01r 2001/02p



Ser

vice

s &

tre

atm

ent

B1.27 Route of use of heroin1,2 : year ending 31 March 2002p

percentage of individuals reporting use of heroin by route of use ; NHS board and council area of residence


36 17 47 7 529 66

31 13 56 968 6 47 14 39 528 21 22 27 51 51 - 57 19 24 228 - 34 19 47 411 - 59 9 31 192 1 36 24 39 543 6 45 15 40 2 497 16 36 25 39 115 - 26 27 47 425 2 19 19 62 1 412 13 20 23 57 164 1 13 26 61 31 -

47 18 34 238 5 30 30 40 257 1 32 24 44 25 - 29 16 55 93 - 44 18 38 166 3 41 12 47 249 12 64 11 25 117 6 22 27 51 51 - 58 3 39 33 - 57 19 24 228 - 47 19 34 77 - 34 17 49 208 - 14 18 68 71 1 21 18 61 947 9 60 11 29 97 1 34 19 47 411 - 46 14 40 2 239 16 36 25 39 115 - 46 13 41 354 - 29 29 43 291 1 24 22 54 228 1 15 24 61 154 1 17 14 68 138 2 10 26 64 180 1 20 24 56 50 - 22 28 50 68 - 18 10 72 339 6 19 16 65 62 - 60 10 31 62 - 13 26 61 31 -

Inject Inject5 & No Inform- Inform-only5 other injecting ation ation

route available unavailable(=100%)

percentage number

1 All figures in this table exclude penal establishment inmates and information received from needle exchanges.2 Individuals are included once within each NHS board and council area. Therefore the sum of local area data may not equal the Scotland

figure.3 Orkney, Shetland and Western Isles NHS boards.4 Eilean Siar, Orkney and Shetland councils.5 Includes intravenous, intramuscular and skin popping.



Scotland

by NHS board


by council area




Ser

vice

s &

tre

atm

ent

B1.28 Route of use of heroin1,2 : 1997/98 - 2001/02percentage of individuals reporting use of heroin by route of use


1 All figures in this table exclude penal establishment inmates and information received from needle exchanges.2 An additional 9 agencies in Ayrshire & Arran began contributing to SDMD in 1999/00.3 Includes intravenous, intramuscular and skin popping.



percentage

1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r 2000/01r 2001/02p


All Ages (Total) 5 091 5 553 6 581 7 358 7 595

Information available (=100%) 5 022 5 500 6 336 7 291 7 529

Inject3 only 47 48 49 42 36Inject3 and other route 12 11 11 12 17No injecting 41 40 40 46 47

Under 20 (Total) 798 827 858 797 682

Information available (=100%) 788 821 806 787 679


20-29 years (Total) 3 191 3 372 4 039 4 351 4 477



30 years and over (Total) 1 102 1 354 1 684 2 210 2 436



percentage

percentage

percentage


Ser

vice

s &

tre

atm

ent

1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r 2000/01r 2001/02p 1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r 2000/01r 2001/02p

B1.29 Injecting heroin1,2,3 use : 1997/98 - 2001/02percentage of individuals reporting use of heroin by injecting ; NHS board and council area of residence


1 All figures in this table exclude penal establishment inmates and information received from needle exchanges.2 Individuals are included once within each NHS board and council area. Therefore the sum of local area data may not equal the Scotland figure.3 Includes cases with any mention of injecting reported.4 An additional 9 agencies in Ayrshire & Arran began contributing to SDMD in 1999/00.5 Orkney, Shetland and Western Isles NHS boards.6 Eilean Siar, Orkney and Shetland councils.



59 60 60 54 53 5 022 5 500 6 336 7 291 7 529

43 49 54 51 44 970 1 000 886 1 014 968 46 64 55 52 61 256 98 614 948 528 20 67 68 83 49 5 12 28 46 51 72 67 80 80 76 137 218 182 197 228 37 59 60 55 53 206 266 269 411 411 68 70 75 78 69 109 225 197 193 192 86 78 75 63 61 767 673 539 512 543 60 63 63 57 60 2 055 2 070 2 347 2 484 2 497 92 52 74 55 61 24 42 66 78 115 53 62 66 53 53 223 294 370 393 425 43 37 41 32 38 254 515 750 954 1 412 48 45 56 42 43 33 113 123 108 164

100 60 17 75 39 2 5 6 8 31 100 - 100 33 - 2 - 3 3 -

88 82 77 65 66 636 497 359 298 238 80 68 70 61 60 126 144 151 167 257 83 50 67 42 56 6 24 21 12 25 40 59 65 70 45 43 22 40 44 93 50 53 62 58 62 101 40 219 356 166 36 50 45 42 53 114 18 263 401 249 66 83 65 58 75 41 40 139 207 117 20 67 68 83 49 5 12 28 46 51 82 77 64 63 61 33 39 33 38 33 72 67 80 80 76 137 218 182 197 228 41 49 59 47 66 22 43 105 101 77 54 60 61 57 51 252 265 218 220 208 70 44 47 33 32 10 48 49 58 71 52 42 45 37 39 168 341 500 616 947 51 62 74 83 71 37 117 95 84 97 37 59 60 55 53 206 266 269 411 411 61 64 64 58 60 1 902 1 892 2 085 2 210 2 239 92 52 74 55 61 24 42 66 78 115 50 61 68 66 59 362 344 343 378 354 54 63 66 55 57 179 202 217 244 291 58 58 64 51 46 137 175 247 263 228 35 30 33 20 39 17 37 73 123 154 36 31 32 31 32 45 90 108 122 138 14 14 30 22 36 29 56 77 98 180 64 59 67 56 44 11 34 30 48 50 24 42 60 55 50 17 43 53 38 68 30 33 35 35 28 325 370 317 367 339 27 32 38 39 35 52 65 50 87 62 72 80 83 81 69 39 69 69 72 62

100 60 17 75 39 2 5 6 8 31 100 - 100 33 - 2 - 3 3 -

percentage Information available (=100%)


Scotland4

by NHS board



Outside Scotland

by council area


Ayrshire North4

Ayrshire South4


Outside Scotland


Ser

vice

s &

tre

atm

ent

B1.30 Sharing needles/syringes1,2 : year ending 31 March 2002p

individuals reported to have injected in past month; NHS board and council area of residence


(but not inprevious

month)

Shared Shared Has Information Informationin previous in past never available unavailable

month shared (=100%)

36 24 40 2 925 1 038

39 20 41 311 105 22 27 51 264 42 55 32 14 22 8 42 23 36 118 59 33 18 49 162 58 28 35 36 96 30 46 19 34 224 99 36 29 36 1 130 348 40 26 35 43 28 53 11 35 148 75 31 21 49 369 158 49 6 45 47 30 40 20 40 10 2

37 22 41 110 45 56 17 27 105 43 38 13 50 8 6 43 18 39 28 11 25 20 55 85 9 16 26 58 101 24 27 37 37 79 9 55 32 14 22 8 31 38 31 13 5 42 23 36 118 59 72 7 21 29 13 35 25 39 79 23 58 - 42 12 16 30 24 46 277 95 33 33 33 51 16 33 18 49 162 58 35 30 36 1 043 306 40 26 35 43 28 43 21 36 168 42 50 12 38 117 49 56 17 27 59 44 43 11 46 35 21 20 16 64 25 18 31 6 63 35 26 50 10 40 10 11 48 7 44 27 8 34 12 54 50 36 29 6 65 17 5 19 38 44 32 9 40 20 40 10 2

Scotland

by NHS board


by council area






percentage number


Ser

vice

s &

tre

atm

ent

B1.31 Sharing spoons/water/filters/solutions1,2 : year ending 31 March 2002p

individuals reported to have injected ; NHS board and council area of residence


(but not inprevious

month)

Shared Shared Has Information Informationin previous in past never available unavailable

month shared (=100%)

50 22 29 2 872 1 091

44 24 32 304 112 27 34 39 155 151 65 26 9 23 7 63 18 19 135 42 65 16 19 167 53 49 24 28 105 21 56 16 28 232 91 48 24 28 1 135 343 53 27 20 45 26 64 8 28 154 69 47 19 34 383 144 52 14 34 44 33 67 11 22 9 3

54 16 30 112 43 58 16 26 106 42 38 50 13 8 6 52 19 30 27 12 31 24 45 42 52 18 33 49 55 70 33 41 26 58 30 65 26 9 23 7 29 43 29 14 4 63 18 19 135 42 77 3 20 30 12 46 27 27 78 24 67 - 33 12 16 45 23 33 280 92 52 24 24 54 13 65 16 19 167 53 47 25 28 1 051 298 53 27 20 45 26 45 26 29 161 49 65 6 29 119 47 62 20 18 60 43 60 7 33 42 14 52 11 37 27 16 46 5 49 37 24 73 13 13 15 6 50 8 42 24 11 47 10 43 51 35 29 12 59 17 5 51 16 32 37 4 67 11 22 9 3

Scotland

by NHS board


by council area






percentage number


Ser

vice

s &

tre

atm

ent

3 173 3 448 3 929 3 980 3 963

2 580 2 766 2 987 3 143 2 925

28 34 34 34 36 26 26 26 27 24 46 40 40 38 40

438 454 429 342 277

373 359 333 284 193

36 44 44 40 42 15 18 14 20 16 49 38 41 39 42

1 923 2 053 2 407 2 314 2 308

1 557 1 661 1 823 1 802 1 706

28 34 35 37 36 24 24 25 26 22 47 42 41 38 41

812 941 1 093 1 324 1 378

650 746 831 1 057 1 026

22 28 28 28 35 36 35 35 32 28 42 37 38 40 37

B1.32 Sharing injecting equipment1,2,3 : 1997/98 - 2001/02percentage of individuals reported to have injected in past month by sharing status and age group


1 All figures in this table exclude penal establishment inmates and information received from needle exchanges.2 An additional 9 agencies in Ayrshire & Arran began contributing to SDMD in 1999/00.3 Information for 1997/98 to 2000/01 refers to sharing injecting equipment. Information for 2001/02 refers to sharing needles/syringes (see page 96 for

more details).



1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r 2000/01r 2001/02p

percentage

All ages (Total)


Shared in previous monthShared in past, not in previous monthNever shared

Under 20 years (Total)



20 - 29 years (Total)



30 years and over (Total)




percentage

percentage

percentage


Ser

vice

s &

tre

atm

ent

56 16 28 3 451 512

62 17 22 372 44 63 9 28 162 144 79 4 17 24 6 55 20 25 168 9 73 3 24 197 23 60 12 28 122 4 63 5 32 289 34 43 27 31 1 326 152 75 - 25 63 8 61 6 33 211 12 69 7 24 461 66 72 6 22 64 13 50 8 42 12 -

61 7 32 135 20 65 4 32 136 12 91 9 - 11 3 65 6 29 34 5 73 7 20 45 49 59 19 22 58 67 59 2 39 59 29 79 4 17 24 6 71 12 18 17 1 55 20 25 168 9 63 13 25 40 2 70 10 20 87 15 67 10 24 21 7 67 8 25 323 49 59 11 30 64 3 73 3 24 197 23 41 28 31 1 215 134 75 - 25 63 8 56 22 23 200 10 58 6 37 156 10 62 9 29 93 10 72 4 24 54 2 78 2 20 41 2 70 4 26 47 14 68 - 32 19 2 69 3 28 32 3 61 19 20 64 22 76 14 10 21 1 56 15 29 41 - 50 8 42 12 -

B1.33 Area Injecting Into1,2 : year ending 31 March 2002p

percentage of individuals reported to have injected in past month by area injected into; NHS board and council area ofresidence


Scotland

by NHS board


by council area


numberpercentage

Arms only Elsewhere Both ams Information Informationonly and available unavailable

elsewhere






Ser

vice

s &

tre

atm

ent

The personal circumstances of the drug user seeking treatment or advice from services can influence theindividual’s motivation for seeking help and the extent to which the service can contribute to a change in drugtaking behaviour. Information on employment status, current living arrangements and accommodation and theindividual’s current legal status are each potentially relevant factors and are collected by the Database.

SOCIAL INFORMATION

New attendees at services in 2001/02 were mostlikely to report being unemployed for a period ofat least a year (69 per cent). A further 16 per centreported being unemployed for less than a year.

Overall the proportions have remained relativelystable over recent years (table B1.35)

Other includes : Housewife/househusband/childcare, retired, invalid.

New individuals were most likely to be livingwith their parents (29 per cent) or with theirspouse/partner (29 per cent). Thirty per centreported living alone.

Overall 19 per cent of new attendees were livingwith dependent children, the majority of whom(10 per cent of total new individuals) also livedwith spouse/partner (table B1.36b).

The breakdown of living situation of new attendeesat services has remained reasonably unchangedsince 1997/98 (table B1.37).

Employment status : 2001/02B1.21char

t

Living situation

Living situation : 2001/02

char

t

Employment status


B1.22Other6%

Lives with other persons

6%

Lives with spouse/partner

29%

Lives with parents29%

Lives alone30%

N = 10 399

Source: Table B1.36a

Other includes : lives with spouse/partner & parents and others.

Accommodation status

Accommodation status : 2001/02B1.23char

t

Eighty-two per cent of individuals reportedthat they were living in owned/rentedaccommodation. Twelve per cent in temporary/unstable accommodation which includes hostelsand temporarily staying with friends/family.

Other1%

Student3%

Employed11%

Unemployed(less than 1 year)

16%

Unemployed(1 year or longer)

55%

Never employed14%

N = 10 275

Source: Table B1.34

Other2%

Residentialrehabilitation

2%Roofless2%

Temporary/ unstable accommodation

12%

Owned/rented82%

N = 9 907

Source: Table B1.38

Other includes: supported accomodation (drug related),residential rehabilitation and others.

Source: B1.34N =10 275

Source: B1.36aN = 10 399Other includes : lives with spouse/partner &parents and others

Other includes : supported accomodation (drugrelated) and others

Source: B1.38N = 9 907


Source : Table B1.36a



Ser

vice

s &

tre

atm

ent

Previously been in prison

Previously been in prison : 2001/02B1.25char

t

From April 2001, the Database collects information onwhether the individual has previously been in prison. Thisincludes spending any time in prison i.e. they do not haveto have served a sentence. It excludes prison visits.

Information for 2001/02 shows that 44 per cent ofindividuals reported to the Database reported that they hadpreviously been in prison.

Did not wish to answer3%

No53%

Yes44%

N = 10 306

Source: Table B1.40

As in previous years, the majority (63 per cent) of newindividuals reported no current legal situation.Twenty-three per cent were at liberty pre-adjudication1

and 11 per cent were at liberty post-conviction2.

Legal situation

Legal situation : 2001/02

char

t B1.24

Source: B1.40N = 10 306

Source: B1.39

1 At liberty pre-adjudication ; includes arrest referral and trial pendingon bail.

2 At liberty post-conviction ; includes on parole, on licence/supervisedrelease order, on probation, community service, supervised attend-ance order, DTTO etc.


Other 3%At liberty

post conviction11%

At liberty pre-adjudication

23%

None63%

N = 10 314

Source: Table B1.39N = 10 314 Source : Table B1.39



Ser

vice

s &

tre

atm

ent

1 All figures in this table exclude penal establishment inmates and information received from needle exchanges.2 Individuals are included once within each NHS board and council area. Therefore the sum of local area data may

not equal the Scotland figure.3 Orkney, Shetland and Western Isles NHS boards.4 Eilean Siar , Orkney and Shetland councils.5 Employed includes training.6 Other comprises: housewife/househusband/childcare, retired and invalid/sick.



B1.34 Employment status1,2 : year ending 31 March 2002p


Never Unemployed Unemployed Employed 5 Student Other6 Information Informationemployed available unavailable

(=100%)(less thanone year)

(one yearor longer)


14 55 16 11 3 1 10 275 523

16 57 15 9 3 - 1 177 93 8 49 26 9 2 7 665 29

15 53 16 13 2 2 119 4 6 57 23 11 2 - 253 4

20 44 17 9 10 1 613 18 13 48 21 12 4 1 278 10 9 43 21 22 3 3 668 25

17 63 12 7 1 1 3 338 137 13 44 23 18 1 2 184 1 14 57 15 13 1 - 528 29 14 52 15 14 3 2 2 129 163 16 51 14 7 11 1 334 10 5 26 19 43 - 7 42 1

- - - 100 - - 1 -

11 45 17 21 3 4 304 13 8 43 24 22 2 1 299 12 5 57 19 5 14 - 42 5

12 50 22 15 - 1 101 17 8 51 24 9 1 7 214 10 5 51 25 6 3 9 310 17

12 40 29 16 - 3 144 3 15 53 16 13 2 2 119 4 21 38 28 11 - 2 53 1 6 57 23 11 2 - 253 4

25 34 19 18 4 - 83 15 10 60 21 8 2 - 263 10 20 54 12 5 8 1 185 3 17 56 12 11 2 2 1 482 134 10 56 17 14 2 1 126 7 20 44 17 9 10 1 613 18 17 65 11 6 1 1 3 010 111 13 44 23 18 1 2 184 1 19 56 16 8 1 - 418 22 15 53 16 14 1 - 360 22 11 62 16 9 1 1 300 12 8 38 22 26 4 3 197 16 8 53 15 15 7 2 230 9 6 39 23 23 8 1 233 4 1 35 29 28 3 4 69 -

12 45 15 11 15 2 107 2 15 60 9 9 7 - 424 48 25 44 18 13 - - 84 2 13 43 23 10 8 2 99 2 5 26 19 43 - 7 42 1

- - - 100 - - 1 -

percentage

Scotland

by NHS board


Outside Scotland

by council area


Outside Scotland


number


Ser

vice

s &

tre

atm

ent

B1.35 Employment status1,2 : 1997/98 - 2001/02percentage of individuals by employment status


8 719 9 178 10 514 10 585 10 798

8 396 8 818 10 055 10 274 10 275

16 16 15 13 14 53 52 52 53 55 16 17 17 18 16 13 13 12 13 11

2 1 2 2 3 1 1 2 2 1

percentage

1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r 2000/01r 2001/02p

1 All figures in this table exclude penal establishment inmates and information received from needle exchanges.2 Information has been received from an additional 9 agencies in Ayrshire & Arran NHS board area from April 19993 Employed includes training and self employed.4 Other includes : housewife/househusband, retired and invalid/sick.






Never employedUnemployed (1 year or longer)Unemployed (less than a year)Employed3

StudentOther4


Ser

vice

s &

tre

atm

ent


figure.3 Includes individuals living with dependent children (see Table B1.36b).4 Orkney, Shetland and Western Isles NHS boards.5 Eilean Siar, Orkney and Shetland councils.



B1.36a Living situation1,2,3 : year ending 31 March 2002p


percentage


Lives Lives Lives Lives Lives Other Infor- Infor-alone with with with with mation mation

parents spouse/ spouse/ other avail- unavail-partner partner & persons able able

parents (=100%)

number

30 29 29 1 6 5 10 399 399

27 32 27 - 8 5 1 226 44 25 27 36 1 7 5 666 28 31 23 33 - 8 5 120 3 28 32 32 1 6 1 254 3 22 33 34 - 7 4 623 8 28 36 26 - 6 3 285 3 26 36 31 1 4 2 682 11 35 26 27 1 6 5 3 270 205 28 23 38 2 6 4 184 1 21 40 30 1 6 3 540 17 32 23 30 1 8 6 2 216 76 34 33 22 1 5 6 340 4 26 23 33 - 14 5 43 -

100 - - - - - 1 -

32 33 29 - 3 4 311 6 23 42 28 1 6 1 306 5 38 24 36 - - 2 45 2 31 29 30 - 6 5 107 11 24 29 33 1 10 4 215 9 27 27 33 - 6 6 311 16 23 22 47 1 3 3 143 4 31 23 33 - 8 5 120 3 25 40 30 - 4 2 53 1 28 32 32 1 6 1 254 3 27 43 25 - 5 - 83 15 29 33 21 1 11 5 270 3 40 31 15 2 5 7 187 1 36 16 31 - 9 7 1 555 61 33 35 24 1 6 2 132 1 22 33 34 - 7 4 623 8 35 25 28 1 6 6 2 935 186 28 23 38 2 6 4 184 1 22 37 28 1 9 2 436 4 22 38 32 1 5 2 370 12 23 45 23 - 6 2 304 8 20 38 32 1 6 3 206 7 29 35 26 - 4 5 236 3 21 41 28 1 5 3 232 5 12 23 57 1 4 3 69 - 20 40 28 - 7 5 108 1 30 29 27 - 5 8 446 26 22 34 35 - 5 4 85 1 24 37 26 - 7 6 100 1 26 23 33 - 14 5 43 -

100 - - - - - 1 -

Scotland

by NHS board


Outside Scotland

by council area


Outside Scotland



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figure.3 Orkney, Shetland and Western Isles NHS boards.4 Eilean Siar, Orkney and Shetland councils.5 Includes patients/clients with no dependent children.6 Percentage of patients/clients living with dependent children. Sub-set of individuals in Table B1.36a.



B1.36b Living with dependent children1,2 : year ending 31 March 2002p



number

Infor- Infor-alone with with with other mation mation

parents spouse/ spouse/ persons avail- unavail-partner partner & able5 able

parents (=100%)

Lives with dependent children and :

8 1 10 - - 10 399 399

6 1 8 - - 1 226 44 6 2 11 1 - 666 28 3 1 14 - - 120 3 5 1 10 - - 254 3 6 1 12 - - 623 8 4 2 9 - - 285 3 8 2 9 - - 682 11 8 1 9 - - 3 270 205 3 - 14 1 1 184 1 6 1 10 - - 540 17 9 1 9 - - 2 216 76

12 1 6 1 - 340 4- - 5 - - 43 -- - - - - 1 -

9 3 8 - - 311 6 8 1 5 - - 306 5

11 - 4 - - 45 2 4 1 6 - - 107 11 4 2 9 1 - 215 9 8 2 8 - - 311 16 3 1 18 1 - 143 4 3 1 14 - - 120 3 4 2 13 - - 53 1 5 1 10 - - 254 3 2 - 6 - - 83 15

11 1 9 - - 270 3 16 1 4 1 - 187 1 10 1 9 - - 1 555 61 4 2 5 - - 132 1 6 1 12 - - 623 8 9 1 10 - - 2 935 186 3 - 14 1 1 184 1 5 1 9 - - 436 4 6 1 12 - - 370 12 6 2 6 - - 304 8 4 2 11 - - 206 7 9 1 7 - - 236 3 6 1 13 1 - 232 5 3 - 32 - - 69 - 7 1 10 - - 108 1 6 1 7 - - 446 26 2 1 5 - - 85 1 4 3 13 - - 100 1

- - 5 - - 43 -- - - - - 1 -

Scotland

by NHS board


Outside Scotland

by council area


Outside Scotland


percentage6


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B1.37 Living situation1,2 : 1997/98 - 2001/02percentage of individuals by living situation

1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r 2000/01r 2001/02p


percentage







Lives aloneLives with parentsLives with spouse/partnerLives with spouse/partner & parentsLives with other personsOther

8 719 9 178 10 514 10 585 10 798

8 048 8 425 9 534 9 732 10 399

26 28 27 27 30 33 33 32 31 29 32 30 31 31 29 1 1 1 1 1 8 8 8 8 6 - - 1 1 5


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1 All figures in this table exclude penal establishment inmates and information received from needle exchanges.2 Individuals are included once within each NHS board and council area. Therefore the sum of local area data may

not equal the Scotland figure.3 Orkney, Shetland and Western Isles NHS boards.4 Eilean Siar, Orkney and Shetland councils.



B1.38 Accommodation1,2: year ending 31 March 2002p


Owned/ Temporary/ Supported Residential Roofless Local Information Informationrented unstable accomm- rehabilitation authority available unavailable

accommodation care (=100%)odation (drug related)

number


82 12 1 2 2 - 9 907 891

86 9 1 1 3 - 1 184 86 81 16 - 1 2 1 333 361 84 11 - 1 4 - 121 2 80 18 - - 2 - 249 8 87 9 2 1 1 - 611 20 88 9 - - 2 - 278 10 89 9 1 - 1 - 646 47 76 15 2 4 3 - 3 316 159 85 12 - 1 3 - 181 4 89 7 1 2 1 - 533 24 82 13 2 - 2 - 2 144 148 89 8 1 1 - - 321 23 85 12 - - 2 - 41 2

100 - - - - - 1 -

88 10 1 - 1 - 291 26 89 9 - - 2 - 291 20 95 5 - - - - 37 10 77 7 2 7 6 - 111 7 76 22 - - 2 - 95 129 78 18 - 1 2 1 153 174 92 7 - 1 - - 86 61 84 11 - 1 4 - 121 2 85 11 2 - 2 - 53 1 80 18 - - 2 - 249 8 94 4 - 3 - - 79 19 88 8 1 1 2 - 252 21 88 10 1 1 1 - 178 10 79 15 3 - 3 - 1 509 107 90 9 - - 2 - 128 5 87 9 2 1 1 - 611 20 75 16 2 4 3 - 2 988 133 85 12 - 1 3 - 181 4 87 9 - - 3 - 435 5 89 8 1 1 1 - 364 18 91 6 - 3 - - 304 8 88 11 1 - 1 - 198 15 89 10 - - 1 - 230 9 90 9 - - 1 - 220 17 91 7 - - 1 - 68 1 90 7 3 1 - - 106 3 86 9 1 1 3 1 416 56 88 7 - 1 4 - 83 3 88 9 - 1 2 - 97 4 85 12 - - 2 - 41 2

100 - - - - - 1 -

percentage

Scotland

by NHS board


Outside Scotland

by council area


Outside Scotland



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B1.39 Legal situation1,2 : year ending 31 March 2002p


percentage


number




63 23 11 - 3 10 314 484

68 19 10 - 3 1 202 68 65 13 10 - 11 631 63 60 30 8 - 2 120 3 65 25 8 - 2 254 3 63 17 18 - 2 616 15 48 39 11 1 1 285 3 69 21 8 - 2 661 32 60 27 12 - 2 3 351 124 66 24 8 1 1 182 3 64 22 12 - 2 530 27 67 22 8 1 2 2 163 129 58 23 13 2 4 331 13 56 29 10 2 2 41 2

100 - - - - 1 -

77 17 5 - 1 295 22 63 23 12 1 2 302 9 67 13 11 2 7 45 2 68 18 11 1 2 109 9 67 14 8 - 11 202 22 65 10 12 - 13 293 34 63 19 9 - 9 139 8 60 30 8 - 2 120 3 48 44 7 - - 54 - 65 25 8 - 2 254 3 73 13 10 - 4 77 21 62 26 8 2 2 263 10 53 25 16 2 4 181 7 68 21 8 1 2 1 525 91 51 41 8 - - 130 3 63 17 18 - 2 616 15 59 28 12 - 1 3 025 96 66 24 8 1 1 182 3 67 20 10 - 3 430 10 65 20 12 1 2 361 21 62 22 14 - 2 304 8 68 21 9 - 2 200 13 61 27 7 - 4 230 9 67 19 10 1 3 221 16 66 26 6 - 1 68 1 64 22 8 3 4 105 4 74 15 8 - 3 430 42 62 15 18 - 5 84 2 44 33 17 3 4 101 - 56 29 10 2 2 41 2

100 - - - - 1 -

Scotland

by NHS board


Outside Scotland

by council area


Outside Scotland


None At liberty At liberty At liberty Other Information Informationpre-adjud- post- pre-adjudication available unavailable

ication conviction & post-conviction (=100%)


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B1.40 Previously been in prison1,2: year ending 31 March 2002p


percentage


number

44 53 3 10 306 492

40 56 3 1 185 85 43 56 1 642 52 33 63 4 114 9 47 47 5 257 - 32 65 3 610 21 43 54 3 282 6 23 71 6 654 39 57 41 2 3 384 91 36 57 7 180 5 37 59 5 539 18 40 56 4 2 136 156 35 64 2 333 11 35 60 5 43 -

- 100 - 1 -

24 70 6 290 27 20 72 7 299 12 23 75 2 44 3 43 49 8 98 20 39 61 - 202 22 46 54 - 305 22 43 54 3 138 9 33 63 4 114 9 40 56 4 52 2 47 47 5 257 - 28 69 4 83 15 40 58 2 262 11 35 64 2 181 7 44 52 4 1 497 119 43 56 2 129 4 32 65 3 610 21 59 39 2 3 054 67 36 57 7 180 5 49 49 2 436 4 37 57 6 367 15 40 58 2 307 5 27 70 3 198 15 34 64 2 230 9 29 69 3 223 14 29 71 - 69 - 39 60 1 108 1 32 65 3 419 53 37 55 9 82 4 45 50 5 101 - 35 60 5 43 -

- 100 - 1 -

Did not wish Information InformationYes No to answer available unavailable

(=100%)

Scotland

by NHS board


Outside Scotland

by council area


Outside Scotland






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Previous sections have presented information on new individual patients/clients. It is however possible thatmany of these individuals may have entered more than one service and could therefore be included several timeson the Database. This section presents information on all attendances reported by contributing services i.e. allvalid forms received.

The total number of forms received in 2001/02 was 12 996, a fall of 2 per cent from 2000/01.

Table B1.41 presents information on the number of forms received for years 1997/98 to 2001/02. Data for years1997/98 to 2001/02 have been revised from previous publications following the introduction of the enhancedmatching process (see introduction on page 56) which has resulted in a lower number of valid forms.

FORMS RECEIVED

The majority of valid forms wereprovided by specialist drug services(74 per cent). Twelve per cent offorms were received from generalpractices.

Proportionally, the percentage of forms received from specialist drug services has remained reasonable constantsince 1997/98. The percentage of forms received from general practices has steadily decreased from 19 per centin 1997/98 to 12 per cent in 2001/02 (table B1.43).

A list of services contributing to the Database in 2001/02 is included on page 123 followed by a sample of theform used to collect the drug-related data (SMR24).

Type of service returning forms : 2001/02B1.26char

t


Source: B1.42N =12 996

Other4%

Residentialrehabilitation

5%

Needle Exchange5%

Specialist Drug Service74%

General Practice12%



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10 096 11 136 13 325 13 323 12 996

1 554 1 656 1 399 1 541 1 380 365 166 1 449 1 564 798

24 82 80 114 132 159 235 209 213 281 407 426 466 646 681 169 353 305 336 328

1 161 1 467 1 679 1 569 1 588 3 226 3 227 3 897 3 824 3 983

62 85 129 129 190 372 486 592 557 596

2 168 2 331 2 494 2 390 2 636 374 590 584 411 355

51 29 34 26 47 4 3 8 3 1

901 1 181 1 240 1 145 1 015 203 219 363 354 501

52 81 67 54 49 66 38 55 60 125

133 73 484 590 262 178 39 700 661 377

54 54 265 313 159 24 82 80 114 132 52 72 53 58 61

159 235 209 213 281 40 65 166 138 107

377 426 351 338 301 258 419 382 274 195

1 613 1 690 1 788 1 710 1 830 56 179 146 122 147

407 426 466 646 681 2 974 2 915 3 478 3 383 3 599

62 85 129 129 190 452 445 448 552 486 306 355 400 366 408 201 257 330 365 334 152 150 183 208 245 234 283 325 260 264 169 208 198 212 297

57 67 76 70 72 64 90 135 83 111

624 752 568 580 510 112 116 92 140 89

61 102 106 156 120 51 29 34 26 47

4 3 8 3 1

B1.41 Forms received1 : 1997/98 - 2001/02NHS board and council area of residence

1 Individuals are included once within each NHS board and council area. Therefore the sum of local area data may not equal the Scotland figure.2 An additional 9 agencies in Ayrshire & Arran NHS began contributing to SDMD in 1999/00.3 Shetland, Orkney and Western Isles NHS boards.4 Eilean Siar, Orkney and Shetland councils.



Scotland (=100%)1,2

by NHS board


BordersDumfries & GallowayFifeForthValleyGrampianGreater GlasgowHighlandLanarkshireLothianTaysideIsland Boards3

Outside Scotland

by council area


Ayrshire North2

Ayrshire South2

BordersClackmannanshireDumfries & GallowayDunbartonshire EastDunbartonshire WestDundee CityEdinburgh CityFalkirkFifeGlasgow CityHighlandInverclydeLanarkshire NorthLanarkshire SouthLothian EastLothian WestMidlothianMorayPerth & KinrossRenfrewshireRefrewshire EastStirlingIsland Councils4

Outside Scotland

ALL VALID FORMS

1997/98 1998/99 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02r rr r


p


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B1.42 Type of service returning forms1 : year ending 31 March 2002p


All Penal General Specialist Needle Outpatient Resid- Social Other8

Services Establish- Practice Drug Exchange 6 ential Work7

(=100%) ments 4 Services 5 Rehab-ilitation

ALL VALID FORMS

12 996 2 12 74 5 2 5 - -

1 380 - 12 69 - 17 2 - - 798 - - 99 - - 1 - - 132 - 2 93 - - 5 - - 281 - 6 91 - - 3 - - 681 - 5 91 - - 4 - - 328 - 2 97 - - 1 - -

1 588 16 7 38 37 - 2 - - 3 983 - 10 83 - - 7 - -

190 - 11 87 - 1 1 - - 596 - 12 80 - - 8 - -

2 636 - 30 61 - - 7 - 1 355 1 4 94 - - 1 - -

47 6 2 66 - 9 - 4 13 1 - - - - - 100 - -

1 015 21 8 23 47 - 1 - - 501 10 4 60 23 - 3 - -

49 4 12 82 - - 2 - - 125 - 13 78 - 2 7 - - 262 - - 100 - - - - - 377 - - 100 - - - - - 159 - - 99 - - 1 - - 132 - 2 93 - - 5 - -

61 - 2 98 - - - - - 281 - 6 91 - - 3 - - 107 - 11 76 - - 13 - - 301 - 21 76 - 1 2 - - 195 - 3 96 1 - 1 - -

1 830 - 31 59 - - 8 - 2 147 1 3 95 - - 2 - - 681 - 5 91 - - 4 - -

3 599 - 9 83 - - 7 - - 190 - 11 87 - 1 1 - - 486 - 9 41 - 48 1 - - 408 - 13 83 - - 4 - - 334 - 12 74 - - 14 - - 245 - 37 58 - - 4 - 1 264 - 27 70 - - 3 - - 297 - 22 67 - - 9 - 1

72 1 1 96 1 - - - - 111 - 4 95 - - 2 - - 510 - 10 89 - - 1 - -

89 - 7 88 - - 6 - - 120 - - 99 - - - - 1

47 6 2 66 - 9 - 4 13 1 - - - - - 100 - -

1 Individuals are included once within each NHS board and council area. Therefore the sum of local area data may not equal the Scotland figure.2 Shetland, Orkney and Western Isles NHS boards.3 Eilean Siar, Orkney and Shetland councils.4 Prisons and young offender institutions. The figures relate to forms returned directly by penal establishments. Information about prisoners may also be reported by specialist

drug services, etc.5 Includes non-residential, statutory and non-statutory specialist drug services.6 In year 2001/02 information was received from 2 static needle exchanges.7 Includes social work services and social work offender services.8 Includes inpatient.

p Provisional.|| Due to rounding percentage may not add up to 100%.


number percentage


Scotland

by NHS board


Outside Scotland

by council area


Outside Scotland


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1 An additional 9 agencies in Ayrshire & Arran began contributing to SDMD in 1999/00.2 Prisons and young offender institutions. The figures relate to forms returned directly by penal establishments. Information about

prisoners may also be reported by specialist drug agencies, etc.3 Includes non-residential, statutory and non-statutory specialist drug services.4 Includes social work services, social work offender services.5 Includes police surgeon, inpatient and non-specialist services.



10 096 11 136 13 325 13 323 12 996

1 - 1 2 2 19 17 13 11 12 74 72 73 75 74

- 5 6 5 5 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 3 4 5 1 1 - - -

- - - - -

All services (=100%)

Penal Establishments 2

General PracticeSpecialist Drug Services 3

Needle ExchangeOutpatientResidential RehabilitationSocial work4

Other 5

ALL VALID FORMS

percentage

B1.43 Type of service returning forms 1 : 1997/98 - 2001/02

1997/98r 1998/99r 1999/00r 2000/01r 2001/02p



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List of services contributing to the Database in 2001/02Argyll & ClydeAlternatives, West Dunbartonshire Community Drug ServicesEast Renfrewshire Substance Misuse Team, BarrheadCACTUS, Turning Point Scotland, PaisleyHIV & Drugs Misuse Nurses, CPN Service, Dunoon & ObanInverclyde Community Drug Team, GreenockInverclyde Drug Problem Service, Ravenscraig Hospital, GreenockJohnstone Social Work Area Team, RenfrewshireLomond Drug Problem Service, Joint Hospital, DumbartonPaisley Area Team, PaisleyRed Tower, HelensburghRenfrewshire Drug Service, PaisleyRenfrew Substance Abuse Resource, PaisleySpecial Needs in Pregnancy Service, Inverclyde Royal Hospital,GreenockSpecial Needs Midwife, Royal Alexandra Maternity Unit, PaisleySubstance Misuse Team, Social Work Department, AlexandriaSubstance Misuse Team, Social Work Department, DumbartonSubstance Misuse Team, Social Work Department, RenfrewRough Sleepers Initiative, Dunoon

Ayrshire & ArranBentinck Centre, KilmarnockBridge Addiction Services, AyrBridge Project, AyrBridge Project, (medical) CumnockBridge Project, (non medical) CumnockBridge Project, KilmarnockCrosshouse Hospital, KilmarnockDual Diagnosis, AyrLoudoun House Addiction Unit, Ailsa HospitalTownhead Centre, IrvineVernon Centre, SaltcoatsHome Detox, Whitletts Clinic, Ayr

BordersBorders Community Addictions Team, GalashielsCastle Craig Clinic, West LintonPenumbra Youth Project, Galashiels

Dumfries & GallowayCameron House, DumfriesTurning Point, Stranraer

FifeCommunity After Detox Service, KirkcaldyDrug and Alcohol Befriending Project, KirkcaldyDrug and Alcohol Project, LevenmouthDrug Misuse in Pregnancy, Forth Park Hospital, KirkcaldyDrug Treatment & Testing Order, BuckhavenFife Addiction Service, Cameron Hospital, WindygatesFife Youth Drug Team, LevenWest Fife Community Drug Team, Dunfermline

Forth ValleyCommunity Alcohol & Drug Service, BannockburnConnect Services for Young People, PolmontFast Track, Bannockburn Community Alcohol & Drug ServiceForth Dimension, Sauchie Hospital, AlloaFraegarroch Project,Barnardos, StirlingPrison Outreach Team, Community Alcohol & Drug Service,BannockburnRough Sleepers Initiative - Outreach, Stirling

GrampianAberdeen Prison, Craiginches, AberdeenAnte-Natal Clinic Team, AberdeenCommunity Substance Misuse Service, BanffCriminal Justice Addiction Team, PeterheadDeeford Centre, AberdeenDrugs Action Counselling Service, AberdeenFulton Clinic, Royal Cornhill Hospital, AberdeenGrampian Addiction Problem Service, Cornhill, BanffMoray Council for Addictions, ElginMoray Drug & Alcohol Team, ElginMoray Social Work Addiction Team, ElginNeedle Exchange, Aberdeen


Grampian continuedNeedle Exchange, FraserburghNorth Silver Street, Substance Misuse Service, AberdeenNorthern Horizons, Turning Point Scotland, PeterheadPrimary Care Resource Team, AberdeenSubstance Misuse Service, Central Aberdeenshire Team,AberdeenSubstance Misuse Service, South Aberdeenshire, AberdeenSubstance Misuse Service, North Team, FraserburghSubstance Misuse Service, Moray Team, AberdeenSubstance Misuse Service, City Team, Aberdeen

Greater GlasgowAddictions Clinic, Leverndale Hospital, GlasgowClydebank Social Work, ClydebankCommunity Drug & Alcohol Service, Gartnavel Royal Hospital,GlasgowCo-morbidity Evaluation & Treatment Team (COMETT), GlasgowDrug Project, Southern General Hospital, GlasgowDrug Court Supervision & Treatment Team , GlasgowEast Dunbartonshire Addiction Team, KirkintillochEast Renfrewshire Substance Misuse Team, Newton MearnsEshara Project, GlasgowGartnavel Royal Hospital, GlasgowGlasgow Drug Problem Service, GlasgowGlasgow East Addiction Service, GlasgowGlasgow North East Addiction Service, GlasgowGlasgow North West Addiction Services, GlasgowGlasgow South Addiction Service, GlasgowTurnaround, Turning Point Scotland, GlasgowGlasgow South East Addiction Service, GlasgowGlasgow South West Addiction Services, GlasgowGlasgow West Addiction Service, GlasgowGovan Addiction Services, GlasgowGreater Pollock Addiction Service, GlasgowHomeless Addiction Team, GlasgowMethadone Assessment Clinic, Base 75, GlasgowMethadone Activities Programme, GlasgowMolendinar Drug Services, Royston, GlasgowNew Horizons Training & Employment Project, Queenslie,GlasgowNo. 1 Project, Aberlour Childcare Trust, GlasgowAberlour Childcare Trust, GlasgowPhoenix House, GlasgowPollok Addiction Services, GlasgowPossil Drug Team, North Area Addiction Service, GlasgowRainbow House, GlasgowRealise Community Care Project, GlasgowSouth East Alternative. GlasgowShawbridge Alcohol & Drug Service, GlasgowSocial Work Department, Homeless Unit, GlasgowSpringburn Youth Alcohol & Addiction, N. Area Addiction Service,GlasgowSubstance Misuse Team, RutherglenThe Drug Clinic, Parkhead Hospital, GlasgowTurnaround, One Stop, Turning Point Scotland, GlasgowWomen’s Service, Castlemilk Drug Project, Glasgow

HighlandCommunity Substance Misuse Service - Nairn & ArdersierCommunity Substance Misuse Service, WickOsprey House, InvernessCommunity Substance Misuse Service, Osprey House, InvernessCommunity Substance Misuse Service, Portree, SkyeCommunity Substance Misuse Service, LairgCommunity Substance Misuse Service, InvergordonIn-Patient Substance Misuse Service, Inverness

LanarkshireBellshill Cross Addiction CentreCommunity Addiction Team, CoatbridgeCommunity Addiction Team, HamiltonCommunity Addiction Team, Torrance House, MotherwellCumbernauld & Lanarkshire Counselling ServicesFree for Life, Cumbernauld

ANNEX C


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Lanarkshire continuedHallcraig Substance Misuse Project, AirdrieLarkhall Area Drug TeamMonklands Council on Addictions, AirdrieMotherwell Area Team, North Lanarkshire Social Work DepartmentRushes, BellshillSubstance Misuse Service, Hamilton Social Work DepartmentSubstance Misuse Service, Lanark SWDSubstance Misuse Team, Blantyre Area Team, Social Work DepartmentEast Kilbride Substance Misuse Team, Social Work Resources, East KilbrideWorkplace Initiative, Hamilton

LothianAnchor Project, Rankeillor Initiative, EdinburghGenesis Project, Rankeillor Initiative, EdinburghBethany Addiction Team, EdinburghBrenda House, Aberlour Outreach Project, EdinburghBrenda House, Aberlour Childcare Trust, EdinburghCastle Drugs Project, EdinburghCDPS, Craigroyston, EdinburghCDPS, Spittal Street, EdinburghChrysalis Project, Turning Point Scotland, Forrest Road, EdinburghCommunity Care Resource Team, EdinburghCraigmillar Medical Centre, EdinburghDrugs Counselling & Related Services, Simpson House, EdinburghDrug Team (Social Work), Bangour Village Hospital, BroxburnHarm Reduction Team, EdinburghH.Y.P.E. (Help for Young People in Edinburgh) - N.C.H. Scotland, EdinburghLinks Project,Turning Point Scotland, EdinburghMid & East Lothian Drugs (MELD), DalkeithNEDAC, Muirhouse, EdinburghNorth East Locality Clinic, EdinburghSouth West Locality Clinic, EdinburghTurning Point, Leith, EdinburghWest Edinburgh Support Team, Wester Hailes, EdinburghWest Lothian Drug & Alcohol Service, LivingstonYoung Persons Referral Scheme, LivingstonWest Edinburgh Support Team, Wester Hailes, Edinburgh

OrkneyAlcohol Specialist Nurse & CPNs, Kirkwall

ShetlandShetland Community Drugs Team, LerwickShetland Social Work Department

TaysideAberlour Outreach, DundeeChoice Project, DundeeDrug & Alcohol Team, Social Work Department, DundeeDundee Drugs & AIDS Project , WEB, DundeePerth Drug & Alcohol TeamTayside Drug Problems Service, DundeeThe Zone Project, Training for New Futures, Dundee

Western IslesLifestyle Centre, Stornoway, Isle of LewisWestern Isles Hospital, Stornoway

List of services contributing to the Database in 2001/02 continued


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Form SMR24 (introduced April 2001)

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Black-Caribbean

Black-African

Black-Other

Chinese

7. ILLICIT DRUGS PROFILE (PAST MONTH),list illicit drugs (include alcohol, solvents & OTC medicine taken inappropriately)

3. PRESENTING INFORMATION (OF THIS EPISODE)

Date contact first made(this episode only)- include letter/phone referrals

Date of this assessment/ contact

Physical health

Mental health

Pregnancy

Legal

Main Drug

Drug 2

Drug 3

Illicit drug free forthe past month (�)

4. DETAILS OF REPORTER

Practice No. or Institution code

Yes go to Injecting / Sharing details No

go toSocial profile

# Ever:

Main Drug

Drug 2

Drug 3

Drug 4

Drug 5

PRESENTING ISSUE(S)MAIN SOURCE OF REFERRAL

Self

GP/Primary care team

Criminal justice - social work

Criminal justice - other

Social work - other

Specialist drug service(incl. SW addiction teams)

Yes No

8. INJECTING / SHARING DETAILS

Ever injected

Age when first injected years

Yes No

6. AGE PROFILE

Main route Other route

Numberof times

Ceaseduse?(�)

How often? In a 'typical' day

Total quantitye.g. G / mg / ml /oz / units / binge

Route(s)

5. PRESCRIPTION PROFILE (CURRENT), give details of current prescription related to drug misuse

Prisondoctor

Person'sGP

Specialistservice

Otherdoctor

Dailydosage (mg)Drug Name

Prescriber (�)Drug Details

Drug Name

Weekly consumption

No. of dayssupervised

No. of daysunsupervised

SEEKING PRESCRIPTION

Name of service/practice

Contact name

Telephone number

Age when firststarted usingillicit drugs

Age at onset ofproblem druguse

Age when helpwas first sought

years

years

years

None Not known

e.g.daily / most days / weekends / weekly / fortnightly / monthly /

less often than monthly

e.g. IV / IM / smoke / swallow / inhale / snort

Never employed

Unemployed (1 year or longer)

Unemployed (less than a year)

Employed

In full-time education

PREVIOUSLY BEEN IN PRISON

Yes No Did not wish to answer

If within the past 12 months :

- how long since release

- prison of release

LIVING

Owned / Rented

Temporary / Unstable accommodation

Supported accommodation (drug-related)

Residential rehab.

In prison

Roofless

With spouse/partner

With parents

With dependent children

Alone

None

Pre-adjudication - in prison

Pre-adjudication - at liberty

Post-conviction - in prison

Post-conviction - subject to statutory supervision

Other (specify)

LIVING WITH OTHER DRUG USERS?

EMPLOYMENT STATUS

lent/borrowed/shared:

lent/borrowed/shared: spoons/water/filters/solutions

needles/syringes

9. SOCIAL PROFILE (CURRENT)

ACCOMMODATION

LEGAL SITUATION

10. LOCAL USE

1 2 3 4 5 6

Yes No Did not wish to answer

Other (specify)

Other (specify)

Other (specify)

Other (specify)

Tick all that apply

Injected go to #Yes No

Yes No

Injected into: Arms and/or Elsewhere

spoons/water/filters/solutions

needles/syringes

In the PAST MONTH:

Always used new injecting equipment

Always cleaned equipment first

Lent/borrowed/shared:

Lent/borrowed/shared:

Tick all that apply

show detailsbelow

SMR24

ADDRESS

Street

Please do not enter last two items of postcode

SURNAME

LOCAL REF

DATE OF BIRTH

Area of City/Town

Postal Sector

INITIALS

� � �

Please read the notes on the back.


MONITORING OF DRUG MISUSE IN SCOTLAND

2. PERSONAL DETAILS

FIRST NAME

ETHNIC GROUP

SMR24 introduced April 2001

Male FemaleGENDER

Send this copy to the Scottish Drug Misuse Database, ISD Trinity Park House, South Trinity Road, Edinburgh, EH5 3SQ [phone 0131-551-8221]

Other (specify)

Tick all thatapply

�

City/Town

Other (specify)

�ISD REF

Please do notcomplete a form ifneither applies.Exclude letter only andthird party contacts.

Tea

r he

re

�

White

Indian

Pakistani

Bangladeshi

Is personattending this

service for theirdrug misuse

problem:

1.

for the 1st time everorreturning afteran interval ofat least 6 months

N.B. not'drug misuse'

ANNEX D

Specim

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ANNEX E - Statistical definitions

Median

The median is the value above and below which half the cases fall, i.e. the 50th percentile, if the cases are sortedin ascending order. If there is an even number of cases, the median is the average of the two middle cases. Themedian is a measure of central tendency not sensitive to outlying values unlike the mean, which can be affectedby a few extremely high or low values.

European Age Standardised Rate

Comparison of numbers of new individuals attending services may be misleading and, as such, a commonadjustment made is for the effect of age. An age standardised rate is the incidence in the population that,theoretically, would be observed if the population had the same age structure as a standard population. Thistechnique facilitates the comparison of attendance rates from differnet populations. In the Scottish Drug MisuseDatabase tables, the standard population used was the European Standard Population.

Confidence Interval

The 95% confidence interval of a rate shows the range of values within which we are 95% certain that the ratewould lie if we had an infinitely sized population, and were basing the directly age-standardised rate upon that.For example, we are 95% confident that the rate lies between 166 and 219 per 100 000 population in the ratebelow, based on the data available.

Rate = 193 (166,219)

References

Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs (1982) Treatment and Rehabilitation, HMSO.



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New Heroin Meth- Other Barbit- Benzo- Amphet- Cocaine Halluc- Cannabis Solvents Alcohol Anti- Other Notindividual adone Opiates urates diaz- amines inogens depress- drugs known/patients/ epines ants drug

clients free(=100%)

GB Regional Drug Misuse Databases

B2.1 Main and all drugs of misuse and numbers injecting1,2,3;drug type : 1 October 2000 - 31 March 2001Great Britain, Scotland, England and Wales

1 Drugs can be misused by a variety of routes, injecting being just one of them. The route recorded for the main drug determines a user’s injecting status for their main drug ofmisuse.

2 Of those whose injecting status is known.3 Scotland figures are based on all individual patients/clients as opposed to only those reporting, where appropriate, any illicit or prescribed drug. This is to ensure that the figures

are comparable with England and Wales.

' . ' = not applicable.

Sources : Department of Health and Scottish Drug Misuse Database.

In 1982 the Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs (ACMD) published a report Treatment and Rehabilitationwhich recommended that local drug teams be set up to collect information. Responding to this recommendation,the Department of Health issued a circular to the NHS requesting a review of the prevalence of drug misuse. In1986, a drug misuse database was developed by the Drug Research Unit at the University of Manchester. In 1989,the Department commissioned the Unit to adapt the database for use by the NHS regional health authorities(RHAs), and issued a circular requesting RHAs to set up databases to monitor trends in drug misuse and the useof drug misuse services. The Scottish Drug Misuse Database is the regional database for Scotland.

The Government Statistical Service based at the Department of Health, London, issues a bi-annual StatisticalBulletin containing data collated from the Regional Drug Misuse Databases. Included in these bulletins arefigures relating to Great Britain, allowing a wider picture of problem drug misuse to be illustrated.

B2

40 181 66 9 2 - 2 3 6 - 9 - . - 2 - 4 993 61 17 7 - 5 1 1 - 5 - . - 1 -

33 234 67 8 2 - 2 3 7 - 9 - . - 2 - 1 954 49 8 4 - 7 9 1 - 15 1 . 1 5 -

40 181 73 17 8 - 20 7 21 1 27 1 12 2 8 - 4 993 72 25 23 - 51 4 5 - 28 1 11 1 8 -

33 234 74 16 6 - 15 6 24 1 26 1 12 2 8 - 1 954 55 15 13 - 34 16 10 2 38 1 13 2 15 -

Main drug reportedGreat BritainScotlandEnglandWales

All drugs reportedGreat BritainScotlandEnglandWales

B2.2 New individual patients/clients ; age group : 1 October 2000 - 31March 2001gender ; Great Britain, Scotland, England and Wales

Sources : Department of Health and Scottish Drug Misuse Database.

Males and FemalesGreat BritainScotlandEnglandWales

MalesGreat BritainScotlandEnglandWales

FemalesGreat BritainScotlandEnglandWales

percentage

All Under 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45 andAges 15 years years years years years years over

40 181 1 12 25 25 19 10 4 4 4 993 1 11 27 29 18 9 3 2

33 234 1 12 25 24 19 11 4 4 1 954 2 14 25 24 17 9 4 3

29 669 1 11 25 26 19 11 4 4 3 417 1 9 25 29 20 10 3 2

24 777 1 11 25 25 20 11 5 4 1 475 3 13 24 26 18 10 4 3

10 512 1 15 28 23 17 9 4 3 1 576 1 14 30 28 15 8 3 2 8 457 1 15 27 22 17 10 4 4

479 2 17 30 21 14 8 5 4

percentage

GB Regional Drug Misuse Databases


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Prescription statisticsB3Key Points

Background

Methadone mixture 1mg/ml is prescribed mainly as an adjunct in the treatment of opiate dependence. Thesefigures include all methadone formulations – while methadone mixture for the treatment of opioid dependencecomprises the majority of methadone prescribing, other formulations of methadone used in the treatment ofsevere pain and palliative care are included in these data. Methadone may also be prescribed as a linctus tocontrol distressful cough in terminal illness, and as tablets and injections to control severe pain in terminalillness.

Temazepam and diazepam are prescribed to sedate, induce sleep, and relieve severe anxiety. Dihydrocodeineis used in the relief of moderate to severe pain. Buprenorphine is used for the relief of moderate to severe pain.It has recently been licensed as a substitute in the treatment of opiate dependence.

Defined Daily Doses (DDDs) cited in the following data are considered to be a more accurate index ofprescribing volume than the number of items prescribed alone. A DDD is defined by the World HealthOrganisation (WHO) as the typical adult daily maintenance dose of a drug 1.

Although DDDs are considered to be superior to number of items as a unit of comparative analysis, difficultiesmay arise when they are used in estimating disease prevalence, because they correspond to a drug’s principalindication2.

Defined Daily Doses used in the production of the following data are based on the WHO Definitions:

Methadone mixture 25mg;Dihydrocodeine 120mg;Buprenorphine 1.2mg;Diazepam 10mg;Temazepam 20mg.

The rate of prescribing all types of methadone has increased over the last few years from14 prescriptions per 1 000 population in 1992/93 to 63 prescriptions per 1 000 population2001/02. (Table B3.2)

The rate of prescribing diazepam has increased steadily, while the rate of prescribingtemazepam has progressively decreased over the last few years. (Table B3.2)

In 2001/02 the cost of methadone ingredients and dispensing fees for Scotland per 1 000population was around £2 260. (Table B3.4)


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Outline of tables

Table B3.1 & Chart B3.1 presents data on the number of prescriptions for the named drugs that have beendispensed by each health board per 1 000 population; and in terms of Defined Daily Doses (DDDs) per 1 000population.

Prescriptions per 1 000 population : 2001/02B3.1char

t

Table B3.2 presents data (per 1 000 population), for the years 1992/93 to 2001/02, on prescriptions dispensedand defined daily doses of the drugs dispensed.

Table B3.3 & Chart B3.2 presents data on the number and rate per 1 000 population of prescriptions for allmethadone formulations dispensed in each health board for the years 1997/98 - 2001/02. The rate of prescribingmethadone has increased steadily over the last five years. In 2001/02, there were 63 prescriptions for allmethadone formulations per 1 000 population; this compares to 38 prescriptions per 1000 population in 1997/98.

Methadone prescriptions : 1997/98 - 2001/02B3.2char

t

0

30

60

90

120

150

TemazepamDiazepamBuprenorphineDihydrocodeineMethadone

Source: Table B3.1

Rat

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000

popu

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0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

2001/022000/011999/20001998/991997/98

Source: Table B3.3

Rat

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Prescription statistics


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Table B3.4 & Chart B3.3 presents data on methadone costs for 2001/02. The cost of fees shown is the valueof dispensing fees paid to contractors for methadone dispensing. These fees are based on a locally negotiatedrate paid per dispensing event. Supervision fees are not included in this data.

Methadone costs of fees & ingredients per 1 000 population : 2001/02B3.3char

t

Figures for Orkney and Western Isles NHS boards should be compared with caution, due to the very smallnumbers involved.

A change in the method of claiming dispensing fees from April 2001 led to incorrect submission of forms bycommunity pharmacies in 2001/02. Information on single and instalment dispensings are therefore not availablefor 2001/02.

References

1 World Health Organisation (WHO) (1991). Guidelines for defined daily doses. WHO Collaborating for DrugStatistics Methodology. Oslo.

2 Frischer M, Chapman S (1998). Issues and directions in prescribing analysis. In: Medicines Management. Eds.Panton R, Chapman S. 82-84 BMJ and Ph.Press. London.

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

Western Isles

TaysideShetlandOrkneyLothianLanark-shire

HighlandGreaterGlasgow

GrampianForth Valley

FifeDumfries& Galloway

BordersAyrshire& Arran

Argyll& Clyde

Scotland

N = 5 108 670

Source: Table B3.4

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1 These figures include all methadone formulations.2 List size inflation is caused by a lag between patients relocating and community health index records being updated. To eliminate variances

caused by list size inflation, data is now expressed as per 1000 population, based on GRO mid year estimates.

Source : ISD Scotland - Prescribing Information System (PIS).

B3.1 Prescriptions & Defined Daily Doses per 1 000 population : 2001/02NHS board, drug type

Methadone1 Dihydrocodeine Buprenorphine Diazepam Temazepam

Scotland 63 86 1 144 89

Argyll & Clyde 66 78 1 150 91Ayrshire & Arran 92 105 1 129 83Borders 6 79 1 115 110Dumfries & Galloway 54 85 2 163 107Fife 35 74 3 128 82Forth Valley 14 82 1 119 97Grampian 57 73 1 111 78Greater Glasgow 127 98 1 186 90Highland 11 80 1 144 79Lanarkshire 62 66 1 159 87Lothian 39 92 1 119 87Orkney 1 50 2 81 59Shetland 33 63 6 123 52Tayside 50 108 1 171 107Western Isles - 82 2 133 152

Scotland 1 739 2 472 23 3 620 2 298

Argyll & Clyde 1 786 2 044 19 3 337 2 246Ayrshire & Arran 1 662 2 638 24 3 016 2 109Borders 165 1 838 10 2 336 2 222Dumfries & Galloway 638 1 961 46 3 199 2 457Fife 929 2 157 53 3 375 1 910Forth Valley 455 2 365 14 2 680 2 478Grampian 1 384 1 949 26 2 934 1 987Greater Glasgow 3 833 2 623 12 4 408 2 251Highland 223 1 714 16 2 376 1 721Lanarkshire 1 078 1 844 25 3 569 2 378Lothian 1 878 3 476 25 4 453 2 390Orkney 13 1 142 19 1 211 1 671Shetland 436 1 192 160 1 602 2 246Tayside 1 534 3 321 14 4 398 3 314Western Isles - 1 927 27 2 334 3 251


Defined Daily Doses per 1 000 population 2

Prescriptions per 1000 population 2


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382 379 368 347 347 357 363 368 372 383

14 19 22 27 33 38 42 48 54 63 62 68 69 69 72 77 82 85 86 86 9 6 4 3 2 2 2 1 1 1

98 100 105 109 117 126 131 133 138 144 200 186 168 139 122 114 107 101 94 89

9 250 9 260 9 294 8 905 8 963 9 282 9 345 9 560 9 813 10 152

199 293 473 622 774 938 1 042 1 205 1 427 1 739 1 371 1 590 1 706 1 759 1 874 2 017 2 164 2 312 2 395 2 472

97 71 51 40 34 30 26 24 24 23 2 086 2 189 2 384 2 596 2 916 3 204 3 265 3 353 3 513 3 620 5 497 5 117 4 681 3 888 3 365 3 094 2 848 2 666 2 453 2 298

1997/98 1998/99 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02

Number Rate Number Rate Number Rate Number Rate Number Rate



Source : ISD Scotland (PIS).

B3.2 Prescriptions & Defined Daily Doses per 1 000 population : 1992/93-2001/02drug type

1992/93 1993/94 1994/95 1995/96 1996/97 1997/98 1998/99 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02


193 046 38 214 921 42 243 481 48 274 450 54 319 361 63

13 929 32 18 526 43 21 805 51 24 319 57 27 967 66 21 924 58 24 015 64 25 415 68 26 576 71 34 381 92

477 4 474 4 424 4 521 5 691 6 6 495 44 7 237 49 6 567 45 7 238 50 7 880 54 6 880 20 7 703 22 9 537 27 11 398 33 12 159 35 2 971 11 2 439 9 2 569 9 3 094 11 3 954 14

15 810 30 18 325 35 23 017 44 26 931 51 29 917 57 76 383 84 80 901 89 87 369 96 98 897 109 115 049 127 1 174 6 1 711 8 2 477 12 2 388 11 2 201 11

12 587 22 17 886 32 24 956 44 28 940 51 34 560 62 19 159 25 19 713 25 23 178 30 26 312 34 30 818 39

17 1 19 1 16 1 9 - 24 1 278 12 425 19 365 16 652 29 723 33

14 955 38 15 537 40 15 775 41 17 172 45 19 035 50 7 0 10 0 11 0 3 - 2 -

B3.3 Methadone1 prescriptions : 1997/98 - 2000/01NHS board of prescribing, number and rate per 1 000 population2

Scotland

Argyll & ClydeAyrshire & ArranBordersDumfries & GallowayFifeForth ValleyGrampianGreater GlasgowHighlandLanarkshireLothianOrkneyShetlandTaysideWestern Isles




Prescriptions per 1 000 population 2

Defined Daily Doses per 1 000 population 2

Total

Methadone1

DihydrocodeineBuprenorphineDiazepamTemazepam

Total

Methadone1

DihydrocodeineBuprenorphineDiazepamTemazepam


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B3.4 Methadone1 costs and fees: 2001/02NHS board of prescribing

Scotland

Argyll & ClydeAyrshire & ArranBordersDumfries & GallowayFifeForth ValleyGrampianGreater GlasgowHighlandLanarkshireLothianOrkneyShetlandTaysideWestern Isles


1 These figures include all methadone formulations.2 List size inflation is caused by a lag between patients relocating and community health index records being updated. To eliminate variances caused by list size inflation,

data is now expressed as per 1000 population, based on GRO mid year estimates.


Cost of Cost of fees (£) Cost of fees & Cost of fees & ingredientsingredients (£) ingredients (£) per 1 000 population2 (£)

6 672 619.00 4 876 700.63 11 549 319.63 2 260.73

554 910.00 479 329.16 1 034 239.16 2 451.87 473 493.00 338 254.52 811 747.52 2 180.59 13 213.00 7 225.75 20 438.75 190.95 69 870.00 26 029.55 95 899.55 661.50

246 572.00 187 971.00 434 543.00 1 238.55 100 830.00 113 560.34 214 390.34 769.45 565 796.00 409 370.50 975 166.50 1 870.18

2 601 296.00 2 126 720.70 4 728 016.70 5 239.51 34 719.00 18 744.96 53 463.96 256.29

452 422.00 351 946.00 804 368.00 1 431.511 108 416.00 503 870.50 1 612 286.50 2 047.76

206.00 88.00 294.00 15.16 7 382.00 1 779.75 9 161.75 412.91

443 488.00 311 805.90 755 293.90 1 971.94 6.00 4.00 10.00 0.37


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B4.1 Number of individuals entering treatment programmes fromcriminal justice interventions : 1999/00-2001/02council area

Source : Scottish Executive Justice Department.

1999/00 2000/01 20001/02Diversion Probation Drug Diversion Probation Drug Diversion Probation Drug

from with a treatment from with a treatment from with a treatmentprosecution condition and prosecution condition and prosecution condition and

of treatment testing of treatment testing of treatment testingorders orders orders

Scotland 79 516 5 237 723 93 115 716 209

by council area

Aberdeen City - 3 - 1 2 1 3 4 17Aberdeenshire 3 3 - 4 9 - 2 4 2Angus - 28 - - 24 - - 14 -Argyll & Bute - 7 - - 30 1 - 10 -Ayrshire East - 5 - - 5 - - 13 -Ayrshire North 5 4 - 15 2 - 6 9 -Ayrshire South - 8 - - 10 - - 13 -Borders - 5 - 5 - - - 5 -Clackmannanshire - 24 - - 43 - - - -Dumfries & Galloway - - - - - - 23 8 -Dunbartonshire East 15 33 - - 8 - - - -Dunbartonshire West 19 8 - - 12 - - - -Dundee City - 16 - - 102 - - 18 -Edinburgh City - 18 - - 57 - 6 44 -Falkirk - 19 - - 53 - - 55 -Fife - 31 - - 35 43 2 38 75Glasgow City 21 201 5 29 237 48 25 335 115Highland - - - 20 1 - - 7 -Inverclyde 10 12 - 8 14 - 7 8 -Lanarkshire North - 16 - 5 27 - - 33 -Lanarkshire South - - - 125 - - - 10 -Lothian East - 2 - 5 3 - 19 2 -Lothian West - 4 - 10 4 - 8 8 -Midlothian - - - - 1 - - 5 -Moray - - - - 12 - 9 3 -Perth & Kinross 4 15 - 6 - - 4 11 -Renfrewshire 2 23 - 4 - - - 28 -Renfrewshire East - - - - - - - 7 -Stirling - 31 - - 19 - 1 23 -Island Councils - - - - 13 - - 1 -

Information on the number of individuals entering treatment programmes from criminal justice interventionsis collected annually by the Scottish Executive Justice Department. Local authorities are asked to provide thenumber of offenders entering treatment programmes as a result of diversion from prosecution schemes,probation orders with a special condition of treatment and Drug Treatment and Testing Orders (DTTOs). Itshould be noted that DTTOs are only available to courts in Glasgow, Fife, Aberdeen and Aberdeenshire.However, they are in the process of being rolled out across the country.

Individuals entering treatment programmes fromcriminal justice interventionsB4

Key Points

The number of individuals entering treatment programmes from criminal justiceinterventions has increased by 71% from 1999/00 to 2001/02. (Table B4.1)

Since they were introduced in October 1999, 307 individuals have entered treatmentprogrammes as a result of Drug Testing and Treatment Orders. (Table B4.1)


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C1 Drug education in schools 2001/02

Drug education in schoolsC


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Drug education in schools, 2001/02C1Key Points

Drug education in schools, 2001/02

The Drug Education in Schools, 2001/02 survey was published by the Scottish Executive Education Departmentin October 20021.

In April 2002, local authorities in Scotland were asked to collect information on the drug education providedby all of the schools under their control. Each school was required to give details of whether they provided drugeducation, what type of drug education they provided and also their procedures for managing incidents of drugsmisuse and tobacco smoking. Around the same time, all other schools in Scotland (i.e. independent, grant-aidedand opted-out schools) were also asked to provide similar details of their drug education policies and procedures.

Responses were obtained from 99 per cent of local authority schools and 88 per cent of all other schools.

In 2001/02, 98 per cent of schools in Scotland provided drug education as compared to 97 per cent in 2000/2001.Virtually all secondary schools said they provided drug education while 99 per cent and 94 per cent of respondingprimary and special schools said they did so. A greater proportion of local authority schools than other schoolsprovided drug education.

In 2001/02, 98 per cent of schools provided education on controlled drugs (compared with 93 per cent for 2000/2001) and this proportion was at least as high for safe use of medicine, alcohol, tobacco and solvents. Figuresfor all types of drug education in education authority schools show increases from 2000/2001.

91 per cent of schools said they provided drug education in line with current national advice.

In 2001/02, 76 per cent of schools had written procedures for managing incidents of drugs misuse in line withcurrent national advice as compared to 64 per cent in 2001/2002. These proportions were 74 per cent, 87 per centand 80 per cent in primary, secondary and special schools, respectively. Local authority schools were more likelythan other schools to have such procedures.

1 Copies of this paper can be found at www.scotland.gov.uk

In 2001/02 98 per cent of schools provided education on controlled drugs, an increase from93 per cent in 2000/01. (Table C1.1)

Ninety-one per cent of schools said they provided drug education in line with current nationaladvice. (Table C1.2)

In 2001/02, 76 per cent of schools had written procedures for managing incidents of drugsmisuse in line with current national advice as compared to 64 per cent in 2001/2002. (TableC1.3)


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C1.1 Schools providing drug education and the types of drugeducation involved : 2001/02sector/type of school

percentage

1 Covers independent schools and a small number of grant-aided and opted-out schools.2 Schools which have both primary and secondary departments are counted under both categories.

Source : The Scottish Executive Education Department.

Schools Schools which provide drug education on :which provide

drug Safe Alcohol Tobacco Solvents Controllededucation use of drugs

medicine

Local authority schools 99 99 99 99 98 98

Primary 99 99 99 99 98 98Secondary 100 97 100 100 99 100Special 94 99 98 99 95 94

All other schools1,2 86 87 97 94 93 93


All schools2 98 98 99 99 98 98


All schools2 - 97 93 95 96 94 932000/01 comparison

C1.2 Schools which provide drug education in line with currentnational advice1 ; type of school : 2001/02sector

1 Current national advice on drug education is set out in the following:a How Good is our School? (The Scottish Office, 1996) - performance indicator 1.2 (quality of course or programme).b A Route to Health Promotion - self evaluation using performance indicators (Scottish Executive, 1999).c HELP UP-DATE on drug and nutrition education (SCCC Curriculum File No 9)d 5-14 national guidelines on health education.

2 Covers independent schools and a small number of grant-aided and opted-out schools.3 Schools which have both primary and secondary departments are counted under both categories.

Source : The Scottish Executive Education Department.

Scotland Primary Secondary Special

Local authority schools 92 92 94 85

All other schools2,3 70 69 77 65

All schools3 91 92 92 83

percentage



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C1.3 Schools with written procedures for managing incidents ofdrug misuse : 2001/02

sector/type of school

1 Covers independent schools and a small number of grant-aided and opted-out schools.2 Schools which have both primary and secondary departments are counted under both categories.3 Current national advice on drug education is set out in the following:

a How Good is our School? (The Scottish Office, 1996) - performance indicator 1.2 (quality of course or programme).b A Route to Health Promotion - self evaluation using performance indicators (Scottish Executive, 1999).c HELP UP-DATE on drug and nutrition education (SCCC Curriculum File No 9)d 5-14 national guidelines on health education.

Source : Scottish Executive Education Department.

Do not have writtenprocedures for managing

in line with current not in line with current in preparation incidents of drug misusenational advice3 national advice3 and not in preparation

percentage

Local authority schools 77 - 11 11

Primary 74 - 12 13Secondary 91 - 7 2Special 83 - 9 9

All other schools1,2 56 4 12 28

Primary 43 5 13 39Secondary 56 6 13 25Special 67 2 11 21

All schools2 76 - 11 12

Primary 74 - 12 14Secondary 87 1 7 5Special 80 1 10 10

All schools2 - 64 2 14 202000/01 comparison


Schools which have written procedures for managing incidents of drug misuse:

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Prevalence of drug misuseD

D1 Scottish Schools Adolescent Lifestyle and Substance Use Survey(SALSUS) 2002


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Scottish Schools Adolescent Lifestyle andSubstance Use Survey (SALSUS) 2002

The following presents two extracts taken from the Interim Report of SALSUS national findings prepared bythe Child and Adolescent Health Research Unit (CAHRU), The University of Edinburgh. The extracts coverbackground information about the survey and the interim results concerning drug misuse. ISD have amendedthe format of the tables of the interim report presented in this section. This has been done for consistency withother sections of the Drug Misuse Statistics Scotland 2002. The Interim Report can be accessed at;

http://www.drugmisuse.isdscotland.org/publications/abstracts/salsus.htm andhttp://www.scotland.gov.uk/health/alcoholproblems/news.asp

Interim Report (SALSUS, December 2002)

Background to the 2002 surveyThe Scottish Schools Adolescent Lifestyle and Substance Use Survey (SALSUS) has been established bythe Scottish Executive to allow a broad based approach to the monitoring of substance use among secondaryschool children in Scotland. The survey was undertaken by the Child and Adolescent Health Research Unit(CAHRU), University of Edinburgh, commissioned by the Information and Statistics Division (ISDScotland) on behalf of the Scottish Executive.SALSUS 2002 was designed to provide information about smoking, drinking and drug use in the context ofadolescent lifestyles. The survey continues the biennial series of surveys used to monitor national trends insmoking, drinking and drug use among young people in Scotland since 1982 and in 2002 incorporates items onhealth, lifestyle and social factors for the first time (see additional Background Notes section, page 142). Afurther important development in 2002 is the provision of information at local as well as national level. Localreports will be provided to Drug and Alcohol Action Teams early in 2003. The main national report on the surveyfindings, including the interrelationships of substance use with other health and lifestyle factors will bepublished later in 2003.

Sample DesignIn order to provide disaggregated as well as national information the SALSUS 2002 survey had a final samplesize of over 23,000 Scottish school pupils in S2 and S4 from local authority and independently funded schoolsacross Scotland, but excluding pupils attending special schools. The sample size was sufficient to obtain the levelof accuracy required of prevalence estimates at a disaggregated level for pupils in S2 and S4. Mainly for reasonsof cost and the survey burden on schools, it was not feasible to expand the sample size to cover pupils in S1 andS3 sufficiently.

D1Key Points

Eight per cent of 13 year olds and 23 per cent of 15 year olds had used drugs in the lastmonth prior to the survey (Table D1.1).

In both age groups boys were more likely to have used drugs than girls. Nine per cent of13 year old boys used drugs in the last month compared with 6 per cent of 13 year oldgirls. Twenty four per cent of 15 year old boys reported using drugs in the last monthcompared with 21 per cent of 15 year old girls (Table D1.1).

Reported drug use has not changed significantly since 1998 (when questions on drug usewere introduced to this series of biennial surveys) (Table D1.2).

The average age for the first occasion of drug use reported by 15 year old pupils was 14years.

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Comparison with previous surveysSALSUS 2002 was carried out in the spring school term, approximately six months later than the previous UKwide surveys. The survey sampled pupils from S2 and S4, a change from previous national surveys in the seriesthat sampled pupils from S1-S4. These differences mean that care must be taken when comparing 2002 resultswith reports from previous surveys. Due to the timing of the survey S2 and S4 pupils in SALSUS 2002 arecomparable with the ’13 year old’ and ’15 year old’ categories from the earlier surveys (rather than the ‘S2’ and‘S4’ school years). Where comparisons with earlier surveys are made, therefore, S2 and S4 pupils from SALSUS2002 are compared with ’13 year olds’ and ’15 year olds’ respectively from previous reports. For the purposeof reporting consistency, S2 pupils will be referred to as ‘13 year olds’ and S4 pupils referred to as ‘15 year olds’throughout this report.

Interim results - Drug UseQuestions on drug use were first introduced to the series of biennial smoking surveys in 1998 and these havebeen extended to provide more information in 2002.

Prevalence of drug useIn 2002, 23 per cent of 15 year olds and 8 per cent of 13 year olds reported using drugs in the last month beforethe survey (Table D1.1).

Although the differences are not large, in both age groups boys were more likely to have used drugs than girls.Twenty four per cent of 15 year old boys reported using drugs in the last month compared to 21 per cent of 15year old girls. Nine per cent of 13 year old boys used drugs in the last month compared with 6 per cent of 13 yearold girls (Table D1.1).

In 2002, 33 per cent of 15 year old pupils and 11 per cent of 13 year old pupils had used drugs in the last year(Table D1.1).

Thirty seven per cent of 15 year olds and 13 per cent of 13 year olds reported ever having used drugs (Table D1.1).

There has been no significant change in reported drug use in the last month prior to the survey, the last year orever, since information was first reported on drug use in the 1998 survey (Table D1.2).

Usual frequency of drug useFor the first time since questions on drugs were introduced in 1998, a question was asked on the usual frequencyof using drugs. Overall, 4 per cent of all pupils reported that they took drugs once a week or more often, witha marked difference by age: 7 per cent of 15 year olds compared to 2 per cent of 13 year olds (Table D1.3).

Drugs offered to pupilsHalf of all pupils (50 per cent) reported that they had been offered drugs, a proportion slightly lower than the57 per cent reported in 2000 for corresponding age groups. This reduction was more marked for the youngerpupils: 44 per cent of 13 year old pupils in 2000 and 34 per cent in 2002, than the older pupils: 70 per cent in2000 and 65 per cent in 2002.

The most commonly offered drug type was cannabis, 58 per cent of 15 year old pupils and 25 per cent of 13 yearold pupils had been offered cannabis in the last year (Table D1.4).

Types of drugs used in the last yearThe most frequently used drug in the last year was cannabis. Older pupils reported more use of cannabis thanyounger pupils: 31 per cent of 15 year olds had used cannabis in the last year compared with 10 per cent of 13year olds (Table D1.5).

Use of other types of drugs was much lower: Six per cent of all pupils had used stimulants (cocaine, crack,ecstasy, amphetamine and poppers), 4 per cent had used solvents, 2 per cent percent had used psychedelics (LSD,magic mushrooms) and 1 per cent had used opiates (heroin or methadone) (Table D1.5). The proportion of pupilsusing each type of these drug types was not significantly different from those found in 2000.

Scottish schools survey, 2002


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Money spent on drugsOf all pupils who used drugs once a month or more, 50 per cent reported that they usually spent money on drugseach week, spending an average of £9 per week.

Dependency on drugsThirty-nine per cent of all 13 year old and 15 year old pupils who reported taking drugs a few times a year ormore reported that they did not want to give up taking drugs. Twenty per cent said they would like to give upsometime in the future, 15 per cent said they would like to give up now and 26 per cent were not sure what theywanted to do (Table D1.6).

Almost all pupils (96 per cent) who had ever taken drugs said they had never felt that they needed help becausethey were using drugs, though 72 per cent felt they would know where to go to get help.

All 13 and 15 year old pupils were asked if they knew where to get information on drugs; 69 per cent reportedthat they did know where to get information.

Background Notes1 The first survey in the series of biennial school surveys commissioned by the Scottish Executive was carried out in 1982 to obtain information on smoking

prevalence and behaviour. From 1990 the surveys have included questions on alcohol and from 1998 questions on drugs. Until 1998 the surveys werecarried out by ONS; the 2000 survey was undertaken by the National Centre for Social Research (NCSR) and the National Foundation for EducationalResearch (NFER).

2 In the 2002 SALSUS survey questions on health, lifestyle and social factors were derived largely from the Health Behaviour in School Aged Children (HBSC):a WHO Cross-National Study. A national HBSC survey has been conducted in Scotland every four years since 1990 by Dr Candace Currie, Scottish HBSCPrincipal Investigator and Director of CAHRU. The 2002 HBSC survey and 2002 SALSUS survey were carried out concurrently to reduce survey fatiguein Scottish schools.

3 The SALSUS Protocol, soon to be available, provides more detailed background information, including the government policy frameworks for smoking,drinking and drug use, survey aims and objectives, sample design and the questionnaire rationale.

4 One mainland and one island authority declined to take part in the SALSUS 2002 survey. These authorities represent only a small fraction of the targetpopulation and consequently SALSUS 2002 is still a nationally representative sample.


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D1.1 Pupils who had used drugs in the last month, in the last year(including the last month) and ever; age: 2002gender

1 Some children failed to answer each question, these ‘no answers’ have been excluded from the analyses and so thetables that describe the same population may have varying bases.

2 Percentages may not add up to 100 because of rounding.

Source: Scottish Schools Adolescent Lifestyle and Substance Use Survey 2002 (Interim Report, Table 13)

Scotland - 13 years 15 yearsall pupils

numberBase (2002)1

Boys 11 069 5 856 5 213Girls 11 365 6 135 5 230All pupils 22 434 11 991 10 443

percentage2

Used drugs in the last month

Boys 16 9 24Girls 13 6 21All pupils 14 8 23

Used drugs in the last year (including those who had done so in the last month)

Boys 23 13 35Girls 20 10 32All pupils 22 11 33

Ever used drugsBoys 26 15 38Girls 23 11 36All pupils 24 13 37



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D1.2 Pupils who had used drugs in the last month, in the last year(including last month) and ever; age: 1998, 2000 and 2002

gender

1 Some children failed to answer each question, these ‘no answers’ have been excluded from the analyses and so the tables that describethe same population may have varying bases.

2 Percentages may not add up to 100 because of rounding.

Source: Scottish Schools Adolescent Lifestyle and Substance Use Survey 2002 (Interim Report, Table D1)

13 years 15 yearsUsed drugs in the last month

Base (2002)1 number

Boys 5 771 5 052Girls 6 030 5 047

percentage2

Boys 1998 9 262000 8 232002 9 24

Girls 1998 7 222000 7 202002 6 21

Used drugs in the last year (including those who had done so in the last month)

Base (2002)1 number

Boys 5829 5173Girls 6107 5179

percentage2

Boys 1998 14 362000 12 322002 13 35

Girls 1998 9 342000 10 272002 10 32

Ever used drugs

Base (2002)1 number

Boys 5856 5213Girls 6135 5230

percentage2

Boys 1998 16 422000 15 352002 15 38

Girls 1998 11 382000 11 312002 11 36


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D1.3 Pupils' usual frequency of drug use; age: 2002gender

1 Some children failed to answer each question, these ‘no answers’ have been excluded from the analyses and so the tables that describe the same population may have varying bases.2 Percentages may not add up to 100 because of rounding.



Base (2002)1 number

Boys 11 124 5 894 5 230Girls 11 408 6 176 5 232All pupils 22 532 12 070 10 462

percentage2

Boys

Once a week or more often 6 3 9Once or twice a month 4 2 7A few times a year 5 2 7Do not use drugs 85 92 77

Girls

Once a week or more 3 1 5Once or twice a month 4 2 7A few times a year 5 2 8Do not use drugs 88 95 81

All pupils

Once a week or more 4 2 7Once or twice a month 4 2 7A few times a year 5 2 7Do not use drugs 87 94 79



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D1.4 Pupils who have been offered individual drugs; age: 2002drug group, drug name

1 Some children failed to answer each question, these ‘no answers’ have been excluded from the analyses and so the ta-bles that describe the same population may have varying bases.

2 Dummy drug.3 Columns in the table may not add up to 100 as pupils could give more than one answer.



number

Base (2002)1 20 614 10 853 9 761

percentage3

Cannabis 40 25 58

Stimulants 19 11 28 Cocaine 6 5 8 Crack 4 4 4 Ecstasy 12 6 18 Amphetamines 7 3 11 Poppers 9 4 14

Psychedelics 10 6 14 LSD 5 3 7

Magic mushrooms 8 5 11

Opiates 5 5 6 Heroin 5 4 5

Methadone 2 2 2

Gas, glue or other solvents 12 11 15

Tranquillisers 5 3 8

Anabolic steroids 2 2 2

Semeron 2 1 1 1

Other 1 1 1


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D1.5 Pupils who had used individual drugs in the last year ; age : 2002drug group, drug name

1 Some children failed to answer each question, these ‘no answers’ have been excluded from the analyses and so the tables that describe the same population may havevarying bases.

2 Dummy drug.3 Columns in the table may not add up to 100 as pupils could give more than one answer.




number

Base (2002)1 23 090 12 440 10 650

percentage3

Cannabis 19 10 31

Stimulants 6 3 9 Cocaine 1 1 2 Crack 1 1 1

Ecstasy 3 1 4 Amphetamines 2 1 3 Poppers 3 1 5

Psychedelics 2 1 3 LSD 1 1 1 Magic mushrooms 2 1 3

Opiates 1 1 1 Heroin 1 1 1 Methadone - - 1

Gas, glue or other solvents 4 3 5

Tranquillisers 2 1 2

Anabolic steroids 1 - 1

Semeron 2 - - 1

Other - - -


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D1.6 Pupils who reported whether they want to stop using drugs; age:2002all pupils who take drugs a few times a year or more often

1 Base equals all pupils who take drugs a few times a year or more often.2 Percentages may not add up to 100 because of rounding.



Base (2002)1 number

Boys 1 615 440 1 175Girls 1 284 300 984All pupils 2 899 740 2 159

percentage2

Boyswould like to give up now 14 17 13would like to give up in the future 20 18 21would not like to give up 43 40 45not sure 23 26 22

Girlswould like to give up now 17 26 14would like to give up in the future 19 17 20would not like to give up 34 32 35not sure 30 25 31

Bothwould like to give up now 15 21 14would like to give up in the future 20 17 20would not like to give up 39 37 40not sure 26 26 26



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Drugs and criminal justiceEE1 Drug-related offences and court proceedings

E2 Seizures of controlled drugs

E3 Drug misuse and treatment in Scottish prisons


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Drug-related offences and court proceedingsE1Key Points

Statistics on drug-related offences recorded by the police are available from quarterly statistical returns madeby the Scottish police forces to the Scottish Executive Justice Department.

Statistics on persons prosecuted for drug–related offences are available from the Scottish Executive JusticeDepartment's court proceeding database. They are derived from the information on court proceedings held onthe police operational computer at the Scottish Criminal Record office.

Offences are recorded in the year in which the offender was sentenced, which will in many cases not be the yearin which the offence was committed. If a person was sentenced for drug offences on more than one offence (dealtwith at the same court appearance) they are counted as a single offender in the total number of persons convicted,and are classified by the main offence (i.e. the one with the severest penalty).

From 1998 to 2000 the annual number of drug related offences remained stable atbetween 31 400 and 31900. In 2001 the number was 15 per cent higher than in 2000 at36 175. (Table E1.1)

In 2001 71 per cent of drug related offences were for possession. (Table E1.2)

The number of persons convicted of drug offences in Scottish Courts in 2001 was 5654,19 per cent fewer than the peak of 7 005 in 1997. (Table E1.3)

As for previous years, the majority of persons convicted of drugs offences in 2001 weremale (88 per cent). The average age of convicted persons was 27 years. (Tables E1.3 andE1.4)


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31 460 614 31 870 623 31 431 615 36 175 707

1 694 795 1 617 760 1 334 631 1 550 734892 394 717 315 724 319 787 346430 391 458 417 306 280 401 367420 467 372 415 450 507 389 438615 507 773 639 787 652 785 651798 571 721 517 845 609 872 628777 679 752 658 537 471 896 787342 322 719 676 733 686 661 618

290 597 232 478 234 483 295 609790 536 700 477 448 307 649 445321 293 284 257 318 287 465 420681 718 515 542 712 753 666 704871 594 738 511 707 495 904 633

1 928 428 2 927 648 2 858 630 3 118 68898 351 83 301 47 173 112 412

700 486 680 471 624 432 844 585

2 148 616 1 508 432 1 248 356 1 645 4698 224 1 327 7 791 1 274 8 845 1 451 9 388 15411 051 505 1 296 621 926 444 1 370 657

793 929 769 903 901 1 065 995 11761 939 593 2 175 663 1 817 555 2 197 6711 218 397 1 482 482 1 512 492 1 864 606

174 194 208 230 340 372 217 238630 412 907 586 865 552 1 166 744

283 350 326 399 402 489 404 491256 298 288 338 261 307 261 30754 276 58 296 29 149 27 139

885 665 784 585 611 457 745 5581 437 808 1 198 676 1 073 606 1 224 692

285 324 312 349 428 477 342 38174 323 95 418 82 365 98 437

362 435 385 455 427 501 838 983

E1.1 Drug-related offences recorded by Scottish police forces : 1998 - 2001(mainly Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 offences); council area1, number and rate per 100 000 population

1 Where the offence was detected or reported.

Source : The Scottish Executive Justice Department recorded crime series.

Number Rate Number Rate Number Rate Number Rate

Scotland

Aberdeen CityAberdeenshireAngusArgyll & ButeAyrshire EastAyrshire NorthAyrshire SouthBorders

ClackmannanshireDumfries & GallowayDunbartonshire EastDunbartonshire WestDundee CityEdinburgh CityEilean SiarFalkirk

FifeGlasgow CityHighlandInverclydeLanarkshire NorthLanarkshire SouthLothian EastLothian West

MidlothianMorayOrkney IslandsPerth & KinrossRenfrewshireRenfrewshire EastShetland IslandsStirling

1998 1999 2000 2001

Drug-related offences and court proceedings


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Number Rate per 100 000 population

Possession Possession Other 2 Total Possession Possession Other 2 Total 3

with intent with intentto supply to supply

1 Where the offence was detected or reported.2 Includes illegal importation of drugs, production and manufacture of drugs, money laundering related offences, and other drug-related offences.3 Components may not sum to totals due to rounding.

Source : The Scottish Executive Justice Department recorded crime series.

E1.2 Drug-related offences recorded by Scottish police forces ; type ofoffence : 2001(mainly Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 offences), council area1


Scotland 10 152 25 596 427 36 175 198 500 8 707

Aberdeen City 435 1 109 6 1 550 206 525 3 734 Aberdeenshire 201 582 4 787 88 256 2 346 Angus 102 298 1 401 93 273 1 367 Argyll & Bute 56 330 3 389 63 372 3 438 Ayrshire East 264 514 7 785 219 426 6 651 Ayrshire North 202 663 7 872 145 477 5 628 Ayrshire South 251 629 16 896 220 552 14 787 Borders 221 427 13 661 207 399 12 618

Clackmannanshire 101 190 4 295 208 392 8 609 Dumfries & Galloway 280 362 7 649 192 248 5 445 Dunbartonshire East 99 363 3 465 89 328 3 420 Dunbartonshire West 200 458 8 666 211 484 8 704 Dundee City 237 663 4 904 166 465 3 633 Edinburgh City 1 111 1 974 33 3 118 245 435 7 688 Eilean Siar 33 78 1 112 121 287 4 412 Falkirk 290 548 6 844 201 380 4 585

Fife 623 997 25 1 645 178 285 7 469 Glasgow City 2 449 6 755 184 9 388 402 1 109 30 1 541 Highland 280 1 083 7 1 370 134 519 3 657 Inverclyde 331 646 18 995 391 764 21 1 176 Lanarkshire North 461 1 728 8 2 197 141 527 2 671 Lanarkshire South 291 1 567 6 1 864 95 510 2 606 Lothian East 56 159 2 217 61 174 2 238 Lothian West 407 750 9 1 166 260 479 6 744

Midlothian 110 286 8 404 134 348 10 491 Moray 53 206 2 261 62 242 2 307 Orkney Islands 6 19 2 27 31 98 10 139 Perth & Kinross 253 489 3 745 189 366 2 558 Renfrewshire 344 865 15 1 224 194 489 8 692 Renfrewshire East 63 275 4 342 70 306 4 381 Shetland Islands 37 61 - 98 165 272 - 437 Stirling 305 522 11 838 358 613 13 983


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3 021 5 599 6 183 7 005 6 918 6 400 5 383 5 654

- - - - - - - -29 27 24 22 23 22 21 2236 34 32 33 30 28 27 2820 19 22 22 23 22 23 219 10 12 12 13 15 15 154 5 6 6 6 7 8 83 4 4 4 5 5 6 6- - - - - - - -

25 25 26 26 26 27 27 27

491 1 064 1 383 1 490 1 529 1 466 1 224 1 257

- - - - - - - -16 18 20 18 17 18 17 1437 33 28 31 27 25 22 2424 24 23 24 24 22 23 2311 11 14 13 16 17 17 195 6 9 7 7 9 10 105 7 7 7 8 9 10 11- - - - - - - -

27 27 27 27 28 29 29 29

2 497 4 420 4 634 5 384 5 291 4 841 4 099 4 340

- - - - - - - -32 30 26 24 25 24 22 2536 35 33 34 31 29 29 2919 18 22 22 22 22 22 218 9 11 12 12 14 14 144 4 5 5 6 6 7 72 4 3 3 4 4 5 4

24 25 25 26 26 26 27 26

33 115 166 131 98 93 60 57

- - - - - - - -9 10 11 10 5 3 8 4

30 26 20 16 17 12 10 1627 23 20 23 21 22 23 1615 20 20 21 27 23 18 189 9 17 13 14 20 17 119 13 12 18 15 20 23 37

29 30 31 32 32 34 34 36


1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

1 Where main offence.2 Includes illegal importation of drugs, production and manufacture of drugs, money laundering related offences, and other drug-related offences.

Source : The Scottish Executive Justice Department court proceedings database.

E1.3 Persons convicted of drug offences in Scottish courts1 : 1990 - 2001type of offence and age of convicted person

percentage

percentage

percentage

percentage

All convicted persons (=100%)

Under 16 years 16 - 20 years 21 - 25 years 26 - 30 years 31 - 35 years 36 - 40 years Over 40 years Unknown

Average age

Possession with intent to supply (=100%)

Under 16 years 16 - 20 years 21 - 25 years 26 - 30 years 31 - 35 years 36 - 40 years Over 40 years Unknown

Average age

Possession (=100%)

Under 16 years 16 - 20 years 21 - 25 years 26 - 30 years 31 - 35 years 36 - 40 years Over 40 years

Average age

Other 2

(=100%)

Under 16 years 16 - 20 years 21 - 25 years 26 - 30 years 31 - 35 years 36 - 40 years Over 40 years

Average age


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1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

1 Where main offence.2 Other outcomes consist of remits to childrens’ hearings, hospital and guardianship orders, insanity and compensation orders.3 There were two supervised attendance orders imposed for possession in 1997.4 Includes illegal importation of drugs, production, manufacture or cultivation of drugs, money laundering related offences, and other drugs-related offences.


E1.4 Persons convicted of drug offences in Scottish courts1 : 1990 - 2001type of offence and sentence


percentage

percentage

percentage

percentage

3 021 5 599 6 183 7 005 6 918 6 400 5 383 5 654

91 91 89 89 88 87 87 88 9 9 11 11 12 13 13 12

491 1 064 1 383 1 490 1 529 1 466 1 224 1 257

5 2 3 3 3 2 3 3- - - - - - - -

18 19 17 19 21 21 18 16 7 8 8 11 11 14 14 11

27 19 13 13 14 14 14 13 6 9 14 15 14 13 10 11

21 26 26 22 21 19 21 26 17 16 18 17 15 17 19 17

- - - - - - - 1

2 497 4 420 4 634 5 384 5 291 4 841 4 099 4340

11 9 7 7 8 10 11 11 1 - - - - - - - 1 1 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 4 4 5 4 5

82 84 83 82 81 78 79 77 3 3 4 4 4 4 3 4 1 - 1 - - - - 1

- - - - - - - -- - - - - - - -

33 115 166 131 98 93 60 57

3 4 8 11 4 5 2 -- - 1 - - - - -

12 11 17 15 16 18 22 23- 3 5 4 7 11 10 9

82 64 55 58 51 53 57 51 3 3 4 5 8 4 5 -

- 12 8 6 8 6 2 5- 2 2 1 5 2 3 12- - 1 - - - - -

All convicted persons (=100%)

Males Females

Possession with intent to supply (=100%)

Admonition/ Caution Absolute discharge/ No order made Community Service Probation Fine Custody - Less than 6 months Custody - 6 months to 2 years Custody - Over 2 years Other 2

Possession (=100%)

Admonition/ Caution Absolute discharge/ No order made Community Service Probation/ SAO 3

Fine Custody - Less than 6 months Custody - 6 months to 2 years Custody - Over 2 years Other 2

Other 4 (=100%)

Admonition/ Caution Absolute discharge/ No order made Community Service Probation Fine Custody - Less than 6 months Custody - 6 months to 2 years Custody - Over 2 years Other 2


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E1.5 Persons convicted of drug offences 1 in Sheriff courts : 2001

Possession with intent to supply Possession

Number Percentage Percentage Number Percentage Percentage Numbercustodial aged custodial agedsentence under 21 sentence under 21

1 Where main offence.2 Includes illegal importation of drugs, production and manufacture of drugs, money laundering related offences, and other drug-related offences.


Scotland

AberdeenAirdrieAlloaArbroathAyrBanffCampbeltownCuparDingwallDornoch

DumbartonDumfriesDundeeDunfermlineDunoonDunsEdinburghElginFalkirkForfar

Fort WilliamGlasgowGreenockHaddingtonHamiltonInvernessJedburghKilmarnockKirkcaldyKirkcudbright

KirkwallLanarkLerwickLinlithgowLochmaddyObanPaisleyPeeblesPerthPeterhead

PortreeRothesaySelkirkStirlingStonehavenStornowayStranraerTainWick

Other 2

1 009 46 16 2 823 7 20 48

46 22 24 195 7 24 1 24 17 17 94 6 18 - 8 75 13 23 13 30 - 8 38 - 15 13 7 -

23 35 22 139 12 17 - 9 22 11 65 5 18 - 4 25 - 22 5 41 2 6 33 33 10 - 30 1 2 50 50 15 13 40 -

- - - 10 10 30 -

18 56 6 49 6 20 2 15 53 47 13 - 15 3 16 31 19 115 4 25 - 16 19 25 22 - 32 1 3 67 - 29 - 10 1

- - - 8 13 25 - 106 41 12 270 14 17 9 11 55 27 40 - 18 - 41 39 24 75 4 23 - 11 64 - 14 21 57 -

6 67 67 19 5 21 - 255 55 11 520 7 14 8 34 65 9 114 4 17 - 4 25 25 32 - 31 1

73 49 15 171 3 19 2 23 26 39 48 4 21 1 5 40 - 9 33 - 1

47 66 11 121 10 20 4 19 32 16 38 5 13 2 1 - - 1 - - -

4 50 - 3 - 33 - 9 67 33 36 6 31 1 5 100 20 15 - 27 -

15 27 27 50 8 16 -- - - 1 - 100 1

10 70 50 40 3 53 1 21 57 10 71 7 20 - 2 - 50 13 - 15 2

44 48 20 78 4 24 1 8 - 13 37 3 16 1

2 - - - - - -- - - 12 - 42 -

2 50 - 17 12 24 - 30 47 10 56 2 21 1 2 - 50 10 - 10 - 2 50 - 14 - 57 - 8 75 25 31 6 19 - 6 17 17 26 19 15 - 5 40 20 17 18 24 1



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E1.6 Persons convicted of drugs offences 1 in District courts : 2001

Possession Other 2

Number Percentage Percentage Numbercustodial agedsentence under 21

1 Where main offence2 Includes possession with intent to supply, illegal importation of drugs, production and manufacture of drugs, money laundering

related offences and other drug offences.


Scotland 1 467 - 36 2

Aberdeen City 79 - 25 -Aberdeenshire 48 - 29 -Angus 43 2 44 -Argyll & Bute 6 - 17 -Ayrshire East 39 - 33 1Ayrshire North 55 - 36 -Ayrshire South 71 - 38 -Borders 45 - 33 -

Clackmannanshire 11 - 18 -Dumfries & Galloway 15 - 27 -Dunbartonshire East 13 - 46 -Dunbartonshire West 27 - 33 -Dundee City 76 - 37 -Edinburgh City 62 - 31 -Eilean Siar - - - -Falkirk 53 - 47 -

Fife 18 6 22 -Glasgow City2 148 - 39 -Highland 109 - 32 -Inverclyde 32 - 59 -Lanarkshire North 180 1 31 -Lanarkshire South 137 - 42 -Lothian East 7 - 29 1Lothian West 40 - 33 -

Midlothian 21 - 29 -Moray 20 - 40 -Perth & Kinross 29 3 31 -Renfrewshire 44 - 30 -Renfrewshire East 16 - 75 -Stirling 23 - 30 -

Stipendiary magistrates 45 2 18 -



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This section provides a selection of information on seizures of drugs controlled under the Misuse of Drugs Act1971. The source of statistics concerned with seizures of controlled drugs is a range of bulletins publishedannually by the Home Office under the general title “Statistics of drug seizures and offenders dealt with”. Thefigures relating to Scotland are published in the “Scotland tables” which may be obtained from the Home Officeat the address given in page 167.

The number of drug seizures in Scotland rose nearly four-fold between 1985 and 1995 (Table E2.1), andincreased by a further 41 per cent by 1998. However, in 1999 there was a fall of 3 per cent in Scotland comparedto 10 per cent across the UK as a whole (excluding HM Customs & Excise). There were further falls in 2000,of 9 per cent in Scotland and 7 per cent across UK police forces.

Corkery (2002) believes that the fall in 1999 and 2000 is probably due to two main factors1. Firstly, in recentyears law enforcement agencies have been focusing more of their attention on Class A drugs such as heroin,cocaine and crack cocaine, in line with the aims of the UK Drug Strategy. Secondly, many ‘stops and searches’under the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 result in quantities of illegal drugs being recovered, usuallyClass B drugs such as cannabis and amphetamines. Following the publication in February 2001 of theMacPherson Report on the Stephen Lawrence Inquiry, there was a substantial fall in the number of such ‘stopsand searches’, and hence in drug seizures.

Table E2.3, which gives a breakdown of drug seizures over time by main drug, demonstrates these facts. It canbe seen that the number of Class A seizures by Scottish police increased by 35 per cent between 1998 and 2000,whilst the number of Class B seizures fell by 17 per cent, and the number Class C seizures almost halved. Therewere increases in the number of seizures of heroin, cocaine, crack cocaine, and ecstasy-type drugs during thisperiod. Seizures of amphetamines and cannabis resin (the main form of cannabis recovered) fell substantially.

The number of seizures, however, is not necessarily reflective of the quantity of drugs recovered. Table E2.3also shows that the quantities of heroin, cocaine and crack seized in Scotland peaked in 1999, but fell back in2000. By contrast, the amounts of ecstasy-type type drugs and methadone reached record levels in 2000.Between 1998 and 2000, there was also a moderate increase in the seizures of benzodiazepines. The quantityrecovered of cannabis resin declined further in 2000, as did the amount of amphetamines. The quantity of herbalcannabis rose slightly but is still at a low level. It is important to note that large seizures can disproportionatelyaffect the quantities seized, leading to large changes from year to year; an effect shown by the quantities ofecstasy-type drugs seized since 1995.

Table E2.2 shows that the number of seizures of different drug types does not appear to be necessarily related

Seizures of controlled drugsE2Key Points

The number of drug seizures in Scotland rose between 1985 and 1998 however since1998 there has been a fall of 12 per cent. (Table E2.1)

The number of Class A seizures by Scottish police increased by 35% between 1998 and2000, whilst the number of Class B seizures fell by 17 per cent, and the number Class Cseizures almost halved. (Table E2.3)

The quantities of heroin, cocaine and crack seized in Scotland peaked in 1999, but fellback in 2000. (Table E2.3)


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E2.1 Seizures of controlled drugs : 1985, 1990, 1995 - 2000police force area or other organisation1

1 Seizures from joint operations involving HM Customs & Excise and the police are generally recorded against HM Customes & Excise. Seizures made by theScottish Crime Squad are recorded by the appropriate police force.

2 Among English and Welsh police forces; not recorded before 1993.

** Not availabler Revised.

Source : Home Office.

1985 1990 1995r

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

Police and other authorities

to the number of residents in a police force area. For example, for the second year running, Grampian Police mademore seizures of crack cocaine than Strathclyde Police; the number of heroin seizures in Strathclyde wereproportionately much higher (about 870 per million population) than those in other UK police force areas(average of about 270 per million population)2.

Similarly, with regard to amounts recovered, the patterns do not always relate to population densities. Forexample, there were more ecstasy-type drugs recovered by the Dumfries & Galloway force than by StrathclydePolice. Quantities of cannabis resin seized are normally fairly even across all force areas, apart from Strathclydewhich dominates the picture, as it does also with heroin and cocaine.

References

1 Corkery, J.M. (2002). Drug seizure and offender statistics, United Kingdom, 2000. Statistical Bulletin 4/02. London: Home OfficeResearch, Development and Statistics Directorate.

2 Corkery, J.M. (2002). Drug seizure and offender statistics, United Kingdom, 2000. Table A1.4 Statistical Bulletin 4/02. London:Home Office Research, Development and Statistics Directorate.

Seizures of controlled drugs

Scotland

CentralDumfries & GallowayFifeGrampianLothian & BordersNorthernStrathclydeTaysideOther authorities

EnglandWalesNorthern IrelandBritish Transport PoliceRegional Crime Squad/National Crime Squad(England & Wales)Force missing, not recorded2

UK Total

HM Customs & Excise

Total - all seizures

3 242 5 990 12 661 13 835 16 571 17 809 17 197 15 698

78 283 633 589 598 829 613 332 45 119 414 453 444 509 420 272

103 243 526 498 659 655 538 450 220 324 1125 1 391 1 518 1 682 1 468 1 152 546 805 728 1 472 2 376 2 424 2 773 2 526 192 248 463 472 556 399 668 446

1 848 3 463 7 937 7 990 9 370 10 046 9 635 9 650 210 486 835 970 1 049 1 261 1 082 870

** 19 - - 1 4 - -

21 767 45 910 88 115 92 614 105 875 113 758 99 979 92 639 1 452 2 102 5 573 5 882 8 365 9 566 7 735 7 673 219 172 847 1 291 1 201 1 508 2 108 1 791

** 380 803 780 1 012 1 287 1 712 1 514

** ** ** ** 123 68 161 163** ** 3 4 - - - -

26 680 53 454 107 999 114 402 133 147 143 996 128 892 119 478

3 786 7 405 6 337 7 949 6 727 7 753 5 209 4 867

30 466 60 859 114 339 122 355 139 874 151 749 134 101 124 345


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1 As a seizure can involve more than one drug, figures for individual drugs cannot be added to produce totals.2 Seizures from joint operations involving HM Customs & Excise and the police are genereally recorded against HM Customs & Excise (Number of seizures) or the lead

agency (quantity seized). Seizures made by the Scottish Crime Squad are recorded by the appropriate police force.3 Includes seizures made by British Transport Police in England and Wales.4 All quantities are in kilogrammes except for LSD and Ecstasy-type (doses), and cannabis plants.

Note : These figures are different to those published in the Home Office Statistical Bulletin in May 2002 since these figures include data received after publication.


E2.2 Seizures1 of controlled drugs (number and quantity seized) : 2000police force area or other organisation2 ; drug type

All drugs Class A Drugs



Class A Drugs

Scotland

CentralDumfries & GallowayFifeGrampianLothian & BordersNorthernStrathclydeTaysideOther authorities

EnglandWalesNorthern IrelandBritish Transport PoliceRegional Crime Squads

UK Total3

HM Customs & Excise


QUANTITY SEIZED (kgs4)

NUMBER OF SEIZURES


15 860 405 34 2 813 35 1 210 111 86 4 392

360 4 - 68 - 18 1 - 88 275 8 - 70 - 22 - - 98 452 13 - 78 3 33 - 1 121

1 152 36 31 251 3 154 11 5 448 2 560 69 1 311 13 205 29 16 575 486 4 - 17 2 46 1 3 68

9 702 244 1 1 976 14 617 66 49 2 801 873 27 1 42 - 115 3 12 193

92 639 4 176 2 598 12 498 194 7 056 1 016 557 25 858 7 673 91 27 563 26 826 16 61 1 551 1 791 25 2 59 14 342 - 4 433 1 514 29 27 185 8 83 4 10 331 163 33 4 34 - 42 1 1 99

135 500 5 164 2 726 18 965 312 10 769 1 259 805 37 056

4 867 1 148 26 173 16 146 7 129 1 515

140 367 6 312 2 752 19 138 328 10 915 1 266 934 38 571

Total Cocaine Crack Heroin LSD Ecstasy- Methadone Other Totalcocaine type Class A

22.8 0.2 43.0 2 984 226 477 11.6 1.8

0.0 - 3.3 - 806 0.0 - 0.3 - 0.7 - 81 382 - - 1.3 - 1.7 6 8 849 - 0.2 1.1 0.1 2.6 38 14 667 0.9 1.2 5.7 0.0 6.5 2 093 38 654 2.6 0.0 0.0 - 0.2 237 1 058 0.0 -

13.1 0.0 27.8 610 74 089 8.1 0.4 1.5 0.0 0.3 - 6 972 - -

153.5 12.6 441.2 7 034 771 596 96.0 12.1 2.4 0.1 6.5 398 46 098 0.8 0.1 1.7 - 3.1 330 571 271 - -

- - 4.6 168 24 322 - - 1 393.7 1.5 1 494.5 - 1 034 343 0.1 -

1 597.0 14.6 2 035.9 13 898 2 900 584 120.2 15.9

2 370.7 10.8 1 391.9 14 484 3 862 200 0.7 31.0

3 967.7 25.4 3 427.8 28 382 6 762 784 120.9 46.9

Cocaine Crack Heroin LSD Ecstasy- Methadone Othercocaine (doses) type

Scotland

CentralDumfries & GallowayFifeGrampianLothian & BordersNorthernStrathclydeTayside


UK Total3

HM Customs & Excise



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Class C DrugsClass B Drugs

Class C DrugsClass B Drugs

NUMBER OF SEIZURES

QUANTITY SEIZED (kgs4)

Unknown

Unknown

Seizures1 of controlled drugs (number and quantity seized) : 2000police force area or other organisation2 ; drug type continued

E2.2

Scotland



UK Total 3

HM Customs & Excise


Scotland



UK Total 3

HM Customs & Excise


Cannabis Amphet- Other Total Benzo- Temez- Anabolic Total Totalamines Class B diazepines epam steroids Class C

Cannabis Cannabis Cannabis Cannabis Amphet- Other Benzo- Temez- Anabolic Other(herbal) plants resin liquid amines diazepines epam steroids

16.3 1 261 602.9 0.0 35.1 0.1 2.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 -

0.2 - 7.5 - 6.1 0.0 0.0 - - - - 1.2 65 100.7 - 2.2 - 0.0 - - - - 0.8 113 55.1 - 1.7 0.0 0.1 - - - - 0.5 71 34.5 - 0.6 0.0 0.1 0.0 - - - 5.1 312 61.1 0.0 4.5 0.0 0.9 0.0 0.0 - - 6.1 26 4.2 0.0 0.2 0.0 - - - - - 2.4 644 301.4 - 19.4 0.0 1.1 0.0 - 0.0 - 0.0 30 38.3 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 -

881.0 37 285 8 269.5 1.4 453.1 3.1 0.5 0.3 1.0 - 2.5 14.1 2 117 147.0 0.3 21.7 - 0.3 0.3 0.1 - 0.9

6.0 262 303.6 - 2.8 - - - 0.1 - 0.4 0.8 22 2.9 - 3.1 - - - - - -

8 371.9 6 874 19 040.4 - 537.9 - - - - - -

9 306.3 49 082 28 969.2 1.7 1 088.9 3.3 5.4 0.6 1.2 0.0 3.8

16 182.9 - 19 834.4 2.8 718.0 - - 0.2 46.2 8.6 -

25 489.2 49 082 48 803.6 4.5 1 806.9 3.3 5.4 0.8 47.4 8.6 3.8

12 070 664 271 12 578 539 100 3 40 633 9

276 22 3 290 7 - - - 7 - 187 13 - 195 4 - - - 4 - 361 43 8 383 12 - - - 12 1 808 38 26 842 37 12 - - 45 1

2 133 123 77 2 217 93 14 3 4 103 1 442 22 4 450 1 - - - 1 -

7 169 355 132 7 466 365 65 - 28 428 6 694 48 21 735 20 9 - 8 33 -

66 938 5 478 324 70 964 856 198 47 46 1 113 385 5 989 662 8 6 408 75 43 9 1 125 13 1 474 68 1 1 518 11 5 5 - 20 - 1 203 54 1 1 236 3 1 - - 4 2

86 25 - 97 - - - - - -

99 830 7 615 876 105 379 2 023 447 67 127 2 528 418

3 643 97 5 3 386 7 6 27 11 50 -

103 473 7 712 881 108 765 2 030 453 94 138 2 578 418


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1 Drugs are seized in a variety of forms but where possible, for the purpose of this table, amounts have been converted to weights. Seizures of unspecified quantities are notincluded.

2 As a seizure can involve more than one drug, figures for individual drugs cannot be added together to produce totals.3 MDMA up until 1995.4 Number of plants.5 Number of doses. Data for 1985 are in kgs; from 1990, data refer to number of doses.6 Less than 0.5 gram.7 Less than 50 grams.8 Equals 381 369 capsules.

** Not available.

Note : Figures for 1990 onwards are different to those published in the Home Office Statistical Bulletin since these figures include data received after publication. The figures for1985-1995 (inclusive) include Scottish Customs.


E2.3 Number and quantity1 of seizures2 of class A, B and C drugs;Scotland : 1985, 1990, 1995 - 2000drug type

Quantity seized (kgs)

1985 1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

Number of seizures

1985 1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000


All class A 510 409 1 494 2 449 2 699 3 254 3 781 4392

Cocaine 41 25 69 117 191 254 334 405Crack cocaine ** 1.000 1 2 3 18 34 34Heroin 388 114 738 1 206 1 787 2 424 2 597 2813LSD 53 171 107 139 100 84 57 35Ecstasy-type3 - 8 524 889 527 465 780 1210Methadone 7 19 44 112 111 118 118 111Other Class A 35 88 91 132 131 94 80 86

All Class B 3 000 5 536 11 354 11 666 14 419 15 167 14 234 12 578

Amphetamines 370 354 1 526 2 084 2 095 2 104 1 655 664Cannabis(herbal) 296 110 586 1 031 574 447 511 397Cannabis plants4 127 40 273 263 191 127 112 82Cannabis resin 2 526 5 212 9 902 9 446 12 567 13 508 12 837 11 827Other Class B 3 103 115 197 303 349 249 271

All Class C 5 541 745 1 124 828 1 211 948 638

Benzodiazepines ** 238 288 449 458 650 680 539Temazepam ** ** 344 624 326 570 280 100Anabolic steroids ** ** ** - - - - 3

Class A

Cocaine 0.400 0.089 0.797 2.447 4.570 27.42 33.381 22.842Crack cocaine ** ** -6 -6 0.008 0.355 0.409 0.18Heroin 6.600 2.615 9.128 34.739 23.701 40.19 205.703 42.985LSD5 0.001 2 041 1 414 14 762 1 475 489 592 2 984Ecstasy-type3,5 - 413 126 473 98 849 122 355 56 553 93 104 226 477Methadone -6 0.006 0.012 0.039 0.303 0.089 2.701 11.635Other Class A -7 -7 0.500 0.014 0.009 0.073 0.003 1.837

Class B

Amphetamines 5.000 6.000 31.000 70.257 1 761.232 113.000 53.000 35.142Cannabis(herbal) 708.700 102.529 18.377 90.273 66.812 813.948 14.807 16.396Cannabis plants4 718 175 2 519 2 068 34 782 52 906 1 790 1261Cannabis resin 71.800 104.239 353.588 398.946 3 603 222 11 943.373 1 126.357 602.888

Class C

Benzodiazepines ** 0.252 0.195 0.586 0.151 0.642 1.874 2.323Temazepam ** ** 0.320 3.024 8 0.045 58.620 0.382 0.014Anabolic steroids ** ** ** - - - - 0.002


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Drug misuse and treatment in Scottish prisons

Urine testing at reception into custodyEach year, random samples of prisoners are tested on admission to prison from the community. These samplescover only a small proportion of prison admissions (totalling around 25,000 each year), and are thereforeindicative rather than definitive. It should be noted that due to the period between last drug use and testing afterentry to prison, urine test results may under-report hard drug use (e.g. heroin) at the expense of cannabis use.Positive rates, and proportions of the drugs found, over the period 1998/99 to 2001/02 are presented in TableE3.1. However, it should be noted that these do not form a strictly random sample.

It was recognised that the majority of these samples came from Aberdeen and Perth prisons, with only a smallnumber taken from other locations. In order to address this, in October 2001, a separate random sample of 369prisoners were tested from a spread of prisons which more closely reflect the intake of prisoners to eachestablishment in the Scottish Prison Service. While the numbers are still a very small proportion of prisonadmissions, they may give a more accurate indication of the substances used by prisoners entering prisons.Positive rates, and proportions of the drugs found, in this October 2001 sample are presented in Table E3.2.

Where possible, these prisoners were also interviewed about their substance misuse and the results of 312 suchinterviews are shown in Table E3.3. The other interviews were not completed for a variety of reasons, includingrefusal to co-operate and release from prison. These results, shown in Table E3.3 add useful additionalinformation to the urine tests. Note: The results of these interviews are indicative only as they depend on theprisoners’ willingness to divulge information.

Random mandatory drug testing (MDT) resultsEach month, 10% of the prisoner population in each prison in Scotland is randomly selected for a urine drug test.Other reasons for targeted testing exist, but are not reported here. Table E3.5 show the rates of positive resultsand the drugs found, by prison establishment, in 2001/02. Table E3.4 shows aggregate results for the service asa whole for the last five years.

Drug treatment in prisonsIn June 2000 the SPS launched its revised drug strategy. This aims to keep drugs out of prisons; to bring prisonersinto drug treatment; to keep them in contact with treatment services; and to manage effectively transitionbetween prison and community. Table E3.6 shows what was achieved under this strategy during the last twoyears.

E3Key Points

The percentage of positive drug tests (by urine testing) at reception into custody hasremained similar for the last 4 years at around 75 per cent. (Table E3.1)

Positive cannabis tests (by urine testing) at reception into custody noticeably decreased in2001/02 to its lowest level for the past 4 years. (Table E3.1)

The rate of positive mandatory drug testing over the past 4 years is unchanged at around 17per cent. (Table E3.4)


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E3.3 Self-reported substance misuse and drugs detected by urinetesting at reception into custody : 2001/02(all sample, indicative only)

Percentage of Percentage ofself-reporting self-reporting

plus drug test1

Scottish PrisonService Total (n = 312) 64 85

Aberdeen 86 93Barlinnie 74 86Dumfries 92 92Edinburgh 45 85Greenock 62 83Inverness 91 91Kilmarnock 50 88Low Moss 49 67Perth 86 100Polmont 80 90

1 Percentage of prisoners at reception who either tested positive for substance misuse and/or self-reported as a substance misuser.

Source : The Scottish Prison Service (SPS).

Drug and treatment misuse in Scottish prisons

E3.2 Drugs detected by urine testing at reception into custody : October 2001Scottish Prison Service establishment

1 Adult prisoners only.2 Including prescribed drugs.3 Drug percentages do not add up to 100% due to poly-drug abuse.


Cannabis Benzodi- Opiates Metha- LSD Amphet- Barbit- Cocaine Temgesic Alcoholazepines done amines urates

Scottish Prison 369 75 45 48 44 10 - 4 1 9 - -Service Total

Aberdeen 14 86 57 57 71 21 - - - 29 - -Barlinnie 110 79 47 56 49 15 - 1 3 9 - 1Dumfries1 13 54 8 31 31 8 - - - - - -Edinburgh 66 80 64 41 36 8 - 6 2 3 - -Greenock 29 83 41 66 41 7 - - - 10 - -Inverness 23 52 26 30 13 - - 4 - - - 4Kilmarnock 52 83 48 50 62 6 - 4 - 25 - -Low Moss 45 51 20 29 36 7 - 2 - 2 - -Perth 7 100 57 100 57 43 - 29 14 - - -Polmont 10 90 60 50 20 - - 20 - - - -

Percent-age

positive

Drugs detected as percentage of all tests taken2,3Numbertested

E3.1 Drugs detected by urine testing at reception into custody :1998/99 - 2001/02

1 Drug percentages do not add up to 100% due to poly-drug abuse.2 Including prescribed drugs.


Number Percentagetested positive

1998/99 286 73 49 43 42 8 - 3 - 4 -1999/00 282 75 55 42 34 11 - 3 - 3 12000/01 593 77 63 52 39 12 - 2 - 5 12001/02 369 75 45 48 44 10 - 4 1 9 -

Cannabis Benzodi- Opiates Metha- LSD Amphet- Barbit- Cocaine Temgesicazepines done amines urates

Drugs detected as percentage of all tests taken1, 2


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E3.4 Mandatory drug testing results : 1996/97 - 2001/02SPS aggregate ; random tests of 10% of prison population

Number Percentage positive Drugs detected as percentage of all tests taken1

testedAll In- Cannabis Benzo- Opiates Meth- LSD Amphet- Barbit- Cocaine Temgesic

tests prison diazepines adone amines urates

1996/97 2 364 36 29 29 9 16 1 - - - - 31997/98 7 070 29 23 20 5 13 1 - - - - 21998/99 7 162 25 18 15 6 12 - - - - - 11999/00 6 605 22 15 11 5 9 - - - - - 12000/01 5 647 21 15 9 4 11 1 - - - - 22001/02 6 974 22 17 9 4 14 1 - - - - 1

1 Drug percentages do not add up to 100% due to poly-drug misuse.2 In-prison rate excludes those who may have misused the drugs for which they tested positive before entry to prison.3 Due to the gradual phasing in of this data collection in 1996/97, this figure is lower than subsequent years and figures are indicative only.


3

2

E3.5 Mandatory drug testing results : 2001/02random tests of 10% of prison population

Number Percentage positive Drugs detected as percentage of all tests taken2

testedAll In- Cannabis Benzo- Opiates Meth- LSD Amphet- Barbit- Cocaine Temgesic

tests prison diazepines adone amines urates

Scottish Prison 6 974 22 17 9 4 14 1 - - - - 1Service Total

Aberdeen 201 31 26 12 4 23 - - - - 1 2Aberdeen YO 9 33 - 33 17 33 - - - - - -Aberdeen Females 5 - - - - - - - - - - -Barlinnie 1 407 19 11 5 8 10 2 - 1 - - -Barlinnie YO 79 24 9 18 16 8 - - - - - -Castle Huntly 130 14 14 9 1 8 1 - 1 - 1 -Cornton Vale 251 13 13 3 - 11 - - 1 - - -Dumfries Adults 55 20 18 7 2 13 - - - - - -Dumfries YO 86 9 7 2 1 7 - - 1 - - -Dumfries Female 1 - - - - - - - - - - -Edinburgh 650 26 19 14 3 16 - - - - - 2Glenochil 611 17 17 3 2 14 2 - - - - 2Greenock 343 22 15 5 4 17 - - - - - 1Inverness 113 21 15 15 1 9 1 - - - - 1Kilmarnock 645 29 18 7 4 24 1 - 1 - - 7Low Moss 362 30 26 13 5 22 3 - 1 - 1 1Noranside 109 19 19 5 1 12 - - - - 2 1Perth 530 29 20 18 5 16 2 - - - - 1Peterhead 312 7 7 7 - 1 - - - - - -Polmont 516 15 22 8 3 4 - - 1 - - -Shotts 559 35 35 9 2 30 - - 1 - 1 6

Kilmarnock1

1999-2000 499 34 23 22 7 14 - - - - - 1 2000-2001 611 24 16 11 3 20 - - - - - -

1 Information for Kilmarnock for 1999/00, 2000/01 (not previously published) :2 Drug percentages do not add up to 100% due to poly-drug misuse.3 In-prison rate excludes those who may have misused the drugs for which they tested positive before entry to prison.


3


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1 Strategy monitoring process established early during 2000/01, and does not include all cases for that year.2 Prisoners identified as having an issue with substance misuse.3 Clinical addictions assessments not included for 2001/02.4 Individuals who began working on the first item in their individualised care-plan.5 Individual client confirmed by community agency as having attended first post-release appointment.6 Drop-out rate includes those released from custody.


2000/01 2001/02

Total recorded prison receptions1 23 472 25 101Total addictions presentations2 14 300 16 867Offered assessment 9 800 9 289Undertook assessment3 7 600 6 110Started treatment option4 5 400 4 452Throughcare appointment made 600 1 210Attended throughcare appointment5 175 615

E3.6 Scottish Prison Service drug strategy outputs : 2000/01-2001/02


Number of cases6


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Contact names for data sources

Contact names for data sources

A HEALTH IMPACT OF DRUG MISUSE

A1 General acute hospital inpatient statistics

Information & Statistics DivisionTrinity Park House, South Trinity RoadEdinburgh, EH5 3SQ

Telephone: 0131 551 8204www.show.scot.nhs.uk/isd

A2 Psychiatric inpatient statistics



A3 Information from general practice



A4 Drug misuse in pregnancy



A5 Blood-borne viruses

Scottish Centre For Infection & Environmental HealthClifton House,Clifton PlaceGlasgow, G3 7LN

Telephone: 0141 300 1100www.show.scot.nhs.uk/scieh

A6 Drug-related deaths

General Registers Office for ScotlandLadywell HouseLadywell RoadEdinburgh, EH12 9HW

Telephone: 0131 314 4229www.gro-scotland.gov.uk

B SERVICES AND TREATMENT FOR DRUG MISUSERS

B1 Scottish Drug Misuse Database

Drug Misuse Information Strategy TeamInformation & Statistics DivisionTrinity Park House, South Trinity RoadEdinburgh, EH5 3SQ

Telephone: 0131 551 8715www.drugmisuse.isdscotland.org

B2 GB Regional Drug Misuse Databases

Department of HealthSkipton House80 London RoadLondon, SE1 6LH

Telephone: 0207 972 5551www.doh.gov.uk/drugs

B3 Prescription statistics



B4 Criminal justice interventions

Scottish Executive Justice DepartmentSt Andrews HouseRegent RoadEdinburgh, EH1 3DG

Telephone: 0131 244 3549www.scotland.gov.uk

C DRUG EDUCATION IN SCHOOLS

C1 Drug education in schools

Scottish Executive Education DepartmentArea 1-A, Victoria QuayEdinburgh, EH6 6QQ


D PREVALENCE OF DRUG MISUSE

D1 Scottish Schools Adolescent Lifestyle and Substance UseSurvey (SALSUS), 2002

Drug Misuse Information Strategy TeamInformation & Statistics DivisionTrinity Park House, South Trinity RoadEdinburgh, EH5 3SQ

Telephone: 0131 551 8901/8101www.drugmisuse.isdscotland.org

E DRUGS AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE

E1 Drug-related offences and court proceedings

Scottish Executive Justice DepartmentSt Andrews HouseRegent RoadEdinburgh, EH1 3DG


E2 Seizures of controlled drugs

Drug and Alcohol Research UnitHome Office50 Queen Anne’s GateLondon, SW1H 9AT

Telephone: 0207 273 3266www.homeoffice.gov.uk

E3 Drug misuse and treatment in Scottish prisons

Scottish Prison ServicesCalton House5 Redheughs RiggEdinburgh, EH12 9HW

Telephone: 0131 244 8588www.sps.gov.uk

ContactsF

Drug Misuse Statistics Scotland · 2013-10-11 · Drug Misuse Statistics Scotland 2002 v Addendum...

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