Drug Forms and Routes of Administration. Before FDA approval Rx company must clearly state in what...
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![Page 1: Drug Forms and Routes of Administration. Before FDA approval Rx company must clearly state in what form or forms the drug will be manufactured Rx company.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551513b9550346a80c8b5c9d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Drug Forms and Routes of Administration
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Before FDA approval
• Rx company must clearly state in what form or forms the drug will be manufactured
• Rx company must clearly state what routes of administration are determined safe and effective
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Tablets
• Drug form which contains dried powdered active drug
• Contains binders and fillers to provide bulk and proper size
• Many different types of tablets
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• Indented line running across the top
• Can easily be broken into two pieces with a knife to produce two doses
Scored Tablets
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• Covered with a special coating that resists stomach acid but dissolves in the alkaline environment in small intestines
Enteric Tablets
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Slow-release Tablet
• Provide a continuous, sustained release of a certain drug
• Abb as SR slow-release or LA long acting
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Caplets- Tablets
• Coated tablets in the shape of a capsule
• Easier to swallow
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Lozenges- Tablets
• Formed with a harden base of sugar , water and flavorings
• never swallow
• dissolve slowly in mouth
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Capsule
• Comes in two varieties
• generally easier to swallow
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Soft gelatin- Capsule
• Manufactured in one piece in which the drug is in a liquid form inside the soft shell
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Hard shell- Capsule
• Manufactured in two pieces that fit together and hold the drug which is in a powder or granular form
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Creams
• A semisolid emulsion of oil and water- main ingredient water
• emulsifying agent added to keep mixed
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Ointment
• Semisolid emulsion of oil and water- main ingredient oil
• normally applied to skin without precise measurement nitroglycerin- exception
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Lotion
• Suspenion of an active drug in a water base
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Powder• Finely ground form of an active drug
• can be contained in a capsule
• glass vials- sterile water
• packaged- water
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Liquids
• Comes in one of 2 forms- Solution or suspension
• Solution never need to be mixed
• Solution drug fully dissolved
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Types of Solutions
• Elixirs-alcohol & water base with added sugar & flavoring
• Syrups-sugar, water & flavoring thicker
• Tinctures- alcohol & water base used topically
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Liquid Sprays
• Water & alcohol base
• pump or aerosol spray
• some dispened as foams
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Suspensions
• Contain fine, undissolved particles of a drug suspended in a liquid base
• Important to always shake before use
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Suspension Types
• Water base- distilled or sterile
• emulsion- fat particles & water
• gel-suspended in a thicken water medium- does not have to be shaken
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Suppository
• A solid base of glycerin or cocoa butter containing the drug
• Rectal or Vaginal
• Adult or pediatric sizes
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Transdermal
• Consist of a multi-layered disk of a drug reservoir, a porous membrane and a adhesive layer to it to the skin
• Patches
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Pellet/Bead
• Drug can be implanted in the body in the form of a pellet or bead that slowly releases into tissue