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Drinking Water Management System – Kempsey Shire Council

KSC Drinking Water Management System Final F12/964

NSW Health

18-Sep-2014

Drinking Water Management System

Kempsey Shire Council



Drinking Water Management System


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18-Sep-2014

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Quality Information

Document Drinking Water Management System

File No F12/964

Date 18-Sep-2014

Prepared by Matthew Oliver

Reviewed by Kate Miles, Belinda Green, Sandy Leask, Kerryn Lawrence, David Basso

Revision History

Revision Revision Date Details

Authorised

Name/Position Signature

0.1 18-July-2014 Internal Draft Kate Miles

Project Manager

0.2 05-Aug-2014 Issued for review Kate Miles

Project Manager

1.0 04-Sep-2014 Final for Issue Kate Miles

Project Manager

2.0 18-Sep-2014 Final for Submission Belinda Green

Aqualift Project Solutions



AECOM

Executive Summary

NSW Health has provided funding to assist Kempsey Shire Council (Council) in meeting its obligations under the

NSW Public Health Act 2010. This is being achieved by developing a Drinking Water Management System

(DWMS) that is consistent with the Framework for Management of Drinking Water Quality (the Framework) as

documented in the Australian Drinking Water Guidelines (ADWG) (NHMRC/NRMMC, 2011). Prior to the

development of this DWMS, Kempsey Shire Council had funded the development of a Kempsey and Lower

Macleay Drinking Water Supply Description, to be incorporated in this DWMS.

This report documents the development of this DWMS, describes Councils’ existing management systems and

contains an implementation plan to ensure that the system can be updated to comply with all the requirements of

the ADWG.

Central to the DWMS development has been the delivery of a number of risk assessment workshops to identify

hazards and existing preventative measures pertaining to Council’s drinking water supply system. A total of 63

hazards were identified as part of the 2012 risk assessment workshop, for the Kempsey & Lower Macleay Supply.

A total of 58 hazards were identified for all other Kempsey water supplies, as part of the 2014 risk assessment,

with 35 of these being considered as a significant unmitigated risk – i.e. those that received a High or Very High

rating.

Generally, the unmitigated significant risks related to potential management issues resulting in the contamination

of the water supply system. For example:

- Poor catchment management (e.g. unsewered properties, wildlife in the catchment)

- Poor system maintenance (e.g. not replacing filter media, membrane tensioning)

- Poor treatment processes (e.g. inadequate filter backwashing, overdosing of chlorine/pH adjustment)

- Management systems (e.g. lack of real-time water quality monitoring, lack of operating procedures)

- Inadequate treatment processes (e.g. lack of filtration to manage protozoa hazards)

- Inadequate infrastructure security (e.g. inadequate security fencing, unlockable hatches on reservoirs).

After considering Council’s existing control measures the significant risk total was reduced to 28 for the Kempsey

& Lower Macleay supply and 21 for all other water supplies. This highlighted that Council’s management systems

are addressing some of these risks, however there are still further actions required to manage others.

To decrease the residual risks the various actions were identified, some of the key actions are listed below:

- Formally documenting operational protocols

- Installing online monitoring equipment with alarms (e.g. turbidity analyser, chlorine analyser)

- Additional monitoring (e.g. raw water manganese)

- Upgrading treatment processes or equipment

- Developing a DWMS that is understood by all staff and implemented appropriately.

Part of the DWMS development process, as specified by the ADWG, requires water utilities to identify Critical

Control Points (CCP) in the water supply systems to allow effective management of deviations from

recommended water parameter guidelines. A summary of the CCPs identified for Council’s water supply systems

is shown in Figures E.1 to E.7.

The CCPs are monitored and controlled using a ‘traffic light’ alert levels system. Planned corrective actions are

provided in the instance of breach of alert limits and critical limits. Actions are centred on returning the system

back to acceptable limits and notifying relevant stakeholders/authorises as required. Actions may also include the

activation of Standard Operating or Incident Management Procedures. Kempsey Shire Council are currently in the

process of developing Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for all its drinking water systems. SOPs relating to

corrective actions for CCPs are provided in Appendix B.

The DWMS is a working system document and will require council to action all the Implementation Plan actions

within the recommended time frames. Not having an effective and current DWMS was identified as one of the key



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risks to the drinking water supply systems. As such, continued development, implementation and review of this system is critical to the effective management of water quality

in the drinking water supply systems.

Figure E.1 Critical Control Points Reference Guide (Bellbrook)

Figure E.2 Critical Control Points Reference Guide (Willawarrin)

Note: 1) As discussed in the February 2014 workshop, NSW Health is currently in the process of instigating an investigation into the correlation between the likely Cryptosporidium risk posed by different catchment types and turbidity. The subsequent findings will inform Councils’ turbidity targets to mitigate the Cryptosporidium hazard at the catchment and abstraction stage. Results from this investigation will be used to update the turbidity limits above.



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Figure E.3 Critical Control Points Reference Guide (Crescent Head)

Figure E.4 Critical Control Points Reference Guide (Stuarts Point)



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Figure E.5 Critical Control Points Reference Guide (South West Rocks)



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Figure E.6 Critical Control Points Reference Guide (Hat Head)



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Figure E.7 Critical Control Points Reference Guide (Kempsey & Lower Macleay)

System CCP ID Control Point Hazard Control

Parameter Target Alert Level Critical Limit

Kem

psey a

nd L

ow

er

Macle

ay

KLM1 Bore water extraction

All pathogens

Turbidity <1 NTU >2 NTU >5 NTU

KLM2 SM Dam water

Extraction All

pathogens Turbidity <1 NTU >2 NTU >5 NTU

KLM3 SM Dam water

Extraction

Taste & Odour, Algae Toxins

Algae No detected T&O or

Algae biovolume below detection limit

Noticeable T& O or Algae biovolume at alert level

1

MIB/Geosmin > 10 ug/L or Algae biovolume at alert level 2

KLM4 Disinfection All

Pathogens Free

Chlorine 1.5 mg/L 1 mg/L 0.8 mg/L

KLM5 Reservoirs

All pathogens

and all chemicals

Reservoir integrity

No breach of integrity Any sign of integrity breach Evidence of contamination

KLM6 Distribution All

pathogens Free

Chlorine >0.3mg/L <0.2 mg/L </=0.1 mg/L



AECOM

Table of Contents

Introduction to the Drinking Water Management System 1 1.0 Element 1 – Commitment to Drinking Water Management 6

1.1 Drinking Water Quality Policy 6 1.2 Regulatory and Formal Requirements 6 1.3 Engaging Stakeholders 7

2.0 Element 2 – Assessment of the Drinking Water Supply System 9 2.1 Water Supply System Analysis 9

2.1.1 Catchment Summary 9 2.1.2 Bellbrook System Flow Diagram 11 2.1.3 Willawarrin System Flow Diagram 12 2.1.4 Crescent Head System Flow Diagram 13 2.1.5 Stuarts Point System Flow Diagram 14 2.1.6 South West Rocks System Flow Diagram 15 2.1.7 Hat Head System Flow Diagram 16

2.2 Assessment of Water Quality Data 17 2.3 Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment 21

3.0 Element 3 – Preventative Measures for Drinking Water Quality Management 27 3.1 Preventative Measures and Multiple Barriers 27 3.2 Critical Control Points 28

4.0 Element 4 – Operational Procedures and Process Control 34 4.1 Operational Procedures 34 4.2 Operational Monitoring 35 4.3 Corrective Action 37 4.4 Equipment Capability and Maintenance 38 4.5 Materials and Chemicals 39

5.0 Element 5 - Verification of Drinking Water Quality 41 5.1 Drinking Water Quality Monitoring 41 5.2 Consumer Satisfaction 43 5.3 Short-term Evaluation of Results 44 5.4 Corrective Action 45

6.0 Element 6 - Management of Incidents and Emergencies 46 6.1 Communication 46 6.2 Incident and Emergency Response Protocols 47

7.0 Element 7 - Employee awareness and training 49 7.1 Employee Awareness and Involvement 49 7.2 Employee Training 49

8.0 Element 8 - Community Involvement and Awareness 50 8.1 Community Consultation 50 8.2 Communication 50

9.0 Element 9 - Research and Development 51 9.1 Investigative Studies and Research Monitoring 51 9.2 Validation of Processes 52 9.3 Design of Equipment 54

10.0 Element 10 - Documentation and Reporting 55 10.1 Management of Documentation and Records 55 10.2 Reporting 55

11.0 Element 11 - Evaluation and Audit 56 11.1 Long-Term Evaluation of Results 56 11.2 Audit of Drinking Water Quality 56

12.0 Element 12 - Review and Continual Improvement 57 12.1 Review by senior executive 57 12.2 Drinking Water Quality Management Improvement Plan 57

13.0 Implementation Plan 58 14.0 References 75



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Appendix A Risk Assessment (2014) 76

Appendix C CCP SOP Tables 94

Appendix D Document Register 134

Appendix E Response Protocols for Water Quality Incidents 136



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Glossary

ADWG Australian Drinking Water Guidelines

AWA Australian Water Association

BB Bellbrook

CCP Critical Control Point

CH Crescent Head

Cl Chlorine

CMA Catchment Management Authority

Council Kempsey Shire Council

Ct / CT Chlorine contact time value

CUPDR Committee on Uniformity of Plumbing and Drainage in NSW

DAL Division of Analytical Laboratories

DBP Disinfection by-product

DO Dissolved Oxygen

DWE Department of Water and Environment

DWMS Drinking Water Management System

EMP Environmental Management Plan

IERP Incident & Emergency Response Plan

Fl Fluoride

HAA Haloacetic Acid

HACCP Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points

HH Hat Head

KLM Kempsey and Lower Macleay

KPI Key performance indicator

mg/L Milligrams per litre

MoU Memorandum of Understanding

MPE Ministry of Police and Emergency Services

NaOCl Sodium hypochlorite

NATA National Association of Testing Authorities

NHMRC National Health and Medical Research Council

NOW NSW Office of Water

NRMMC Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council

NSW New South Wales

NTU Nephelometric Turbidity Unit

OEH Office of Environment and Heritage

PHU Public Health Unit

RO Reverse Osmosis



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SOE State of the Environment

SOP Standard Operating Procedure

SP Stuarts Point

STP Sewerage Treatment Plant

SWR South West Rocks

TBC To be confirmed

TDS Total dissolved solids

THM Trihalomethane

WIOA Water Industry Operators Association

WTP Water Treatment Plant

WW Willawarrin



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Introduction to the Drinking Water Management System

Purpose of the DWMS

NSW Parliament recently passed the NSW Public Health Act 2010 and the Public Health Regulation 2012. Under

this legislation, drinking water suppliers are required to establish and maintain a risk-based quality assurance

program for the management of drinking water supplied to consumers.

NSW Health has provided funding to assist Kempsey Shire Council (Council) in meeting their obligations under

the Act, by developing a Drinking Water Management System (DWMS) that is consistent with the Framework for

Management of Drinking Water Quality (the Framework) as documented in the Australian Drinking Water

Guidelines (ADWG) (NHMRC/NRMMC, 2011). Prior to the development of this DWMS, Kempsey Shire Council

funded the development of a Kempsey and Lower Macleay Drinking Water Supply Description (KLM DWSD), to

be incorporated into this DWMS.

A DWMS developed in accordance with the ADWG provides a basis to manage drinking water supplies to ensure

safety at the point of use. In essence, a DWMS requires a drinking water supplier to identify, document and

manage risks to drinking water quality. In turn, this requires the supplier to understand where and how

contamination of the water supply may occur and how it may make its way to customers.

This document follows the structure provided in the ADWG and aims to provide council with the tools to manage

their water effectively. It is an auditable document that may be used to demonstrate that the water supplies are

being effectively managed.

The ADWG Framework

The ADWG (NHMRC, 2011), were developed utilising the best available scientific evidence and provides an

authoritative reference on what defines safe, good quality water, how it can be achieved and how it can be

assured. The ADWG are concerned with safety from a health point of view and also with aesthetic quality.

The core of the ADWG is the Framework for Management of Drinking Water Quality (the Framework). The

Framework is a holistic risk-based approach to drinking water management, and can be seen as a quality

management system that has been specifically developed for the water industry to manage drinking water quality.

Process for Developing the DWMS

This DWMS was developed in partnership with Kempsey Shire Council and involved input from NSW Health and

NSW Office of Water. The drinking water quality risk assessment and Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point

(HACCP) components of this DWMS were developed in a three day workshop. The workshop involved a range of

staff from Council, representatives from NSW Health and was facilitated by AECOM. This workshop was informed

by a system and water quality performance analysis undertaken by AECOM on data available publicly and

provided by Council and the NSW Drinking Water Data Base. The outcomes of this analysis were documented in

the Water Quality Risk Assessment Briefing Paper, which was circulated to attendees prior to the workshop.

Kempsey Shire Council, in conjunction with Aqualift Project Delivery Pty Ltd have developed a detailed drinking

water management plan for the Kempsey drinking water system, “Kempsey and Lower Macleay Drinking Water

Supply Description (KLM DWSD)”. This work was undertaken in 2012 and 2013 to identify and address the risks

associated with this system. The drinking water quality risk assessment and identification of CCP’s for the

Kempsey system were identified in a workshop in May 2012. The workshop involved a range of staff from Council,

representatives from NSW Health and NSW Public Health Unit and was facilitated by Aqualift. This workshop was

informed by a system and water quality performance analysis undertaken by Aqualift on data provided by Council

and within the NSW Drinking Water Data Base. The workshop was also preceded by a presentation by Aqualift, to

water services staff, management and Council, on specific water quality issues and the Walkerton Incident. The

outcomes of this risk assessment workshop have been documented in the KLM DWSD.

The purpose of these workshops was to identify, evaluate and document risks to water quality and the existing

control measures that Council have in place, as well as prioritising actions identified by the workshop participants.

The output of this workshop was:



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- A water quality risk assessment,

- Identification of the critical points of the water supply system for control of water quality,

- Current water quality risk control measures and their efficacy; and

- Additional actions required to manage water quality as identified by the workshop attendees.

These outputs inform this DWMS and are documented in the Water Quality Risk Assessment Report and the KLM

DWSD. The Water Quality Risk Assessment Report was circulated to all attendees in June 2014. Some of the

content provided in this report has since been updated (for example, the water quality risk assessment and the

critical control point summary tables) and any information which has been superseded has been labelled

accordingly.

AECOM then undertook a gap analysis of Council’s current water quality management practises against the

ADWG Framework. Current practises are documented in this DWMS along with actions that AECOM has

identified to assist Council in meeting the requirements of the Framework. All identified actions have been

prioritised and documented in the DWMS Implementation Plan in Section 13.0 of this DWMS, along with actions

identified in the water quality risk assessment workshop. Documentation as per the actions in the DWMS

Implementation Plan will be actioned and updated over time, with outstanding items ultimately forming part of this

DWMS. A summary of the key documents that the DWMS is comprised of is as follows:

- Drinking water quality policy

- Legal and formal requirements register

- Water quality risk assessment and Critical Control Point (CCP) plan

- Operational procedures

- Water quality monitoring plan

- Emergency and incident management protocols

- Document control and records management procedure

- Performance evaluation protocols (evaluation of water quality performance, auditing and senior executive

review processes).

This DWMS has been reviewed by NSW Health, NSW Office of Water and Council. It is anticipated that this

DWMS will be formally adopted by Council, at which point Council will adopt responsibility for implementation and

further development in accordance with the actions identified.

Understanding this document

The structure of this document reflects the structure of the ADWG.

The ADWG specifies 12 elements, 32 components and 76 subsequent requirements that should be documented

and implemented to form a comprehensive DWMS.

The DWMS is therefore divided into 12 sections, such that each section addresses each element of the Framework in turn. The components that sit under each of the 12 elements are addressed as separate subsections (refer to Table 1). The specific requirements of the Framework are documented under each component. The purpose of this is to clearly communicate Council’s obligations under the Framework and also to set the scene for what should be addressed by this DWMS.



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Table 1 Framework for DWMS

Element DWMS

Section ADWG Component

1 Commitment to drinking water

quality management

1.1 Drinking Water Quality Policy

1.2 Regulatory and Formal Requirements

1.3 Engaging Stakeholders

2 Assessment of the drinking water

supply system

2.1 Water Supply System Analysis

2.2 Assessment of Water Quality Data

2.3 Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment

3 Preventive measures for drinking

water quality management

3.1 Preventative Measures and Multiple Barriers

3.2 Critical Control Points

4 Operational Procedures and

process control

4.1 Operational Procedures

4.2 Operational Monitoring

4.3 Corrective Action

4.4 Equipment Capability and Maintenance

4.5 Materials and Chemicals

5 Verification of drinking water

quality

5.1 Drinking Water Quality Monitoring

5.2 Consumer Satisfaction

5.3 Short-term Evaluation of Results


6 Management of incidents and

emergencies

6.1 Communication

6.2 Incident and Emergency Response Protocols

7 Employee awareness and training 7.1 Employee Awareness and Involvement

7.2 Employee Training

8 Community Involvement and

awareness

8.1 Community Consultation

8.2 Communication

9 Research and Development

9.1 Investigative Studies and Research Monitoring

9.2 Validation of Processes

9.3 Design of Equipment

10 Documentation and Reporting 10.1 Management of Documentation and Records

10.2 Reporting

11 Evaluation and audit 11.1 Long-Term Evaluation of Results

11.2 Audit of Drinking Water Quality

12 Review and continual

improvement

12.1 Review by senior executive

12.2 Drinking Water Quality Management Improvement Plan



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Document Control

Where key information exists as part of another management system or document, it has been summarised and

included within this DWMS under the relevant sections. The intention is to allow this DWMS to be read as a

standalone document. A document management system has been developed in Councils DMS “TRIM”. This

registers and hosts all the documents that support this DWMS. The TRIM File number for this document register

is F12/964, and a copy of this file is available in Appendix C.

This DWMS and the document register will be updated as the DWMS supporting information is updated or

developed.

How to use this Document

Within each subsection of the DWMS, the specific requirements of the relevant component are documented. The

purpose of this is to clearly communicate Council’s obligations under the Framework.

Following the statement of requirements is text that describes what activities and processes Council currently has

in place to address these requirements. Where Council’s current activities do not fully address the requirements of

the Framework, further actions to meet the requirements of the Framework are detailed in the Implementation

Plan.

These actions have been organised in priority and form part of the continuing implementation process for the

DWMS.

The DWMS is not a static document. It is envisaged that the DWMS will be a “living document” and will be

iteratively updated as actions are completed, and as new risks are identified, and other risks mitigated or

eliminated.

Once Council has undertaken the identified actions, the actions should be removed from this document and the

text describing Council’s activities and processes updated to reflect how Council addresses the requirements of

the Framework. Similarly, as new actions are identified, they should be added to the document.

A diagram depicting this process is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1 How this document should be used



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This DWMS covers all drinking water supplies as managed by Kempsey Shire Council. This includes the

Kempsey and Lower Macleay, Bellbrook, Willawarrin, Crescent Head, Hat Head, Stuarts Point and South West

Rocks supply systems. Due to the size of the Kempsey and Lower Macleay drinking water system, an

independent supply description has been developed for this system, the “Kempsey and Lower Macleay Drinking

Water Supply Description (KLM DWSD)”. This plan addresses the elements 2, 3, 4 & 5 of the ADWG and has

been included in the DWMS Document Register in TRIM. Where applicable, summary information from the KLM

DWSD has been integrated into this DWMS. Council will continue to maintain and update the KLM DWSD as a

supporting document in this DWMS.

Implementation Plan

A consolidated list of actions required to be undertaken to meet the obligations under the Framework are detailed

in the Implementation Plan in Section 13.0. These actions have been prioritised to ensure that critical actions are

implemented expediently, while allowing more time for Council to address actions that are less fundamental, or

may take time to develop.

In developing the DWMS, it was found that many procedures and protocols were in place and functioning

effectively; however they were not formally documented. Council is able to address many outstanding actions by

formally documenting these existing procedures.

A number of actions were also identified during both the drinking water quality risk assessment workshops. These

have been included in the Implementation Plan.

Plan Review

This DWMS and the Implementation Plan should be reviewed and updated at least annually, as part of the annual

planning cycle. This should be undertaken in conjunction with an annual review of CCP monitoring data. This

review should be undertaken in consultation with the local Public Health Unit (PHU) and NOW regional officer. As

many of the actions were identified in 2013, the implementation plan is due to be updated in 2014, and this is

proposed to be undertaken in November 2014.

Council should undertake a facilitated review of the risk assessment every five years (at minimum) or when

significant changes to the water supply system or treatment process are made (e.g. upgrade of control system, or

new treatment process unit installed, etc.). This workshop should include an update to the hazards identified, the

corresponding risk scores, mitigation measures, CCP identification and CCP target, alert and critical limits.



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1.0 Element 1 – Commitment to Drinking Water Management

1.1 Drinking Water Quality Policy

Council has a Water Quality Statement that demonstrates its commitment to drinking water quality management and the provision of safe and quality drinking water that meets the Australian Drinking Water Guidelines. This statement has been signed by the Mayor and the General Manager.

This DWMS also partially fulfils Council’s requirement of a formal drinking water quality policy. To fulfil the requirement, Council must:

1) Arrange for this DWMS to be endorsed by senior management

2) Ensure that this DWMS is visible, effectively communicated, and understood by all staff.

1.2 Regulatory and Formal Requirements

As of February 2014, Council did not have formal register of its regulatory and/or formal requirements. A formal requirements register is detailed below in Table 2, however, this should be reviewed by Council to ensure it covers all water and wastewater related activities, including requirements for the management of water quality. Council utilises the Austlii website (www.austlii.edu.au ), accessed through Council’s intranet, to ensure all

legislative enquiries and searches are referencing current legislation.

• Formulate a drinking water quality policy, endorsed by senior executive, to be implemented throughout the organisation.

• Ensure that the policy is visible and is communicated, understood and implemented by employees.

• Identify and document all relevant regulatory and formal requirements.

• Ensure responsibilities are understood and communicated to employees.

• Review requirements periodically to reflect any changes

http://www.austlii.edu.au/



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Table 2 Formal Requirements

Legislation / Formal Requirements

Public Health Act 2010 (NSW)

Public Health Regulation 2012

Local Government Act 1993 (NSW)

Local Government (General) Regulation 2005 (NSW)

NSW Health Drinking Water Monitoring Program

NSW Best-Practice Management of Water Supply and Sewerage Guidelines 2007 (NSW Office of Water)

(including the various guidelines Strategic Business Planning, Integrated Water Cycle Management, pricing,

water conservation, drought management and performance monitoring and reporting)

AS/NZS 3500.1:2003 Plumbing and drainage – Water services

Roles and responsibilities are recorded in employee’s position description. Each employee signs a copy of their

position description. Annual performance reviews are conducted including reviews of these position descriptions.

It is recommended that the specific regulatory and formal requirements detailed in position descriptions be

reviewed every 12 months (minimum), and whenever there are significant changes to any of the legislation or

formal requirements. Refer to the detailed actions to meet the requirements of the Framework outlined in Section

13.0 - Implementation Plan.

.

1.3 Engaging Stakeholders

Council has held community group meetings, outside of regular monthly Council meetings, on an irregular basis.

These meeting have been organised to discuss particular issues such as community input to community plans,

sustainability and service provision. These are held in an informal format where residents are able to attend and

bring issues to the attention of counsellors. Water related issues may be discussed in these forums, however

other issues such as rates and roads are the usual topic of discussions. Council does not conduct any regular

informal community meetings, but does participate in working groups where water quality is a concern.

The following table details the stakeholders currently involved in water quality management for the Kempsey Shire

Council water supply systems. This list was last updated in August 2014.

• Identify all stakeholders who could affect, or be affected by, decisions or activities of the drinking water supplier.

• Develop appropriate mechanisms and documentation for stakeholder commitment and involvement.

• Regularly update the list of relevant agencies



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Table 3 Stakeholder List

Name Position Affiliation Responsibilities Contact Details

Kerryn

Lawrence

Senior

Environmental

Health Officer

NSW Public

Health Unit

Water quality advice,

regulatory oversight,

NSW Drinking Water

Monitoring Program

P: 02 6588 2776

M: 0418 112 248

E: [email protected]

h.nsw.gov.au

David Basso Environmental

Health Officer

NSW Public

Health Unit

Water quality advice,

regulatory oversight,

NSW Drinking Water

Monitoring Program

P: 02 6588 2792

M: 0417 695 113

E: [email protected]

w.gov.au

Glenn

George

Regional

Manager

Urban Water

NSW Office of

Water

Technical and strategic advice, assistance on project development, W&S funding programs, regulatory oversight

P: 02 6653 0127

M: 0411 449 745

E: [email protected].

au

Graham

Campbell

Regional

Inspector

NSW Office of

Water

Inspection of water supply systems, water quality and treatment advice, regulatory oversight

P: 02 4904 2517

M: 0419620990

E: [email protected].

gov.au

Council has previously identified a number of stakeholders relevant to the KLM system as part of the KLM DWSD:

- Working parties that interact with stakeholders in the Macleay River catchment are listed in Section 3.6

(Source Water Stakeholder Groups).

- Major clients and key stakeholders within the KLM supply area who draw treated water for industry and

essential services use from the Kempsey system are detailed in Section 6 (Major Clients and Stakeholders).

Similar stakeholder details should be collated for the remaining systems within this DWMS.

Kempsey Shire Council have a five year Delivery Program and annual Operations Plan, that is provided to the

community for comments on an annual basis. These plans include information about upcoming projects for water

supply as well as the expected financial costs of these projects. Council also have a process in place for including

all relevant regulatory stakeholders in the concept and detailed design for all major water supply upgrade projects.

Council does have some formal communication procedures specific to issues such as water restrictions, drought

management and service levels. Council does develop specific communications plans for certain projects, where

community consultation will be required. Council should consider formalising how it intends to engage

stakeholders in the decision making processes for the water supply system. This should include a communication

procedure, engagement processes and a comprehensive stakeholder list.

Refer to the detailed actions to meet the requirements of the Framework outlined in Section 13.0 - Implementation

Plan.



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2.0 Element 2 – Assessment of the Drinking Water Supply

System

2.1 Water Supply System Analysis

Council have hosted a number of Drinking Water Quality Risk Assessment Workshops, to review its water supply

systems. The first three of the above actions were completed during and post these workshops and documented

in the report Drinking Water Quality Risk Assessment (AECOM 2014) and in the KLM DWSD.

At each of the workshops the team included staff from Council, NSW Health, the PHU, as well as input from the

facilitators and independent technical specialists from AECOM and Aqualift. The flow charts were reviewed by

workshop participants, as were the catchment and water supply system characteristics, prior to issuing the final

workshop outcomes reports and Risk Assessments.

The Kempsey Shire catchment boundary is detailed in Figure 2. The Kempsey Shire water supply system flow

diagrams for Bellbrook, Willawarrin, Crescent Head, Stuarts Point, South West Rocks and Hat Head are detailed

in Figure 3 to Figure 8 respectively. The Kempsey and Lower Macleay supply system schematic has been

provided in the KLM DWSD. The KLM DWSD also describes in detail the Kempsey Supply system, discussing

operational requirements as well as known issues with the system.

Council will need to maintain the currency of this system analysis to ensure it accurately reflects the systems and

their performance over time. The flow diagrams are current as of February 2014; Council is required to update the

flow diagrams as the systems change, in this report.


Plan.

2.1.1 Catchment Summary

Kempsey Shire sits within the Macleay River Catchment, with the exception of a small section in the south-

eastern corner which drains into the Hasting River Catchment. Council utilises both river water and groundwater.

The Kempsey supply system groundwater is sourced from the Macleay River which is recharged by the Macleay

River. The Macleay Coastal sands supply the coastal areas of Crescent Head, Hat Head and South West Rocks

and are recharged by rainfall through the coastal sand dunes. Stuarts Point is supplied by a separate coastal

aquifer, also recharged by rainfall. Bellbrook and Willawarrin are supplied from bores, which are recharged

directly by the Macleay River. A detailed description of the Kempsey and Lower Macleay supply catchment is

provided in the KLM DWSD.

Figure 2 below details the major rivers and storages of the Macleay River catchment.

• Assemble a team with appropriate knowledge and expertise.

• Construct a flow diagram of the water supply system from catchment to tap.

• Assemble pertinent information and document key characteristics of the water supply system to be considered.

• Periodically review the water supply system analysis.



10 AECOM

Figure 2 Macleay River Catchment (NSW OEH, 2006)



11 AECOM

2.1.2 Bellbrook System Flow Diagram

Figure 3 Bellbrook Water Supply System



12 AECOM

2.1.3 Willawarrin System Flow Diagram

Figure 4 Willawarrin Water Supply System



13 AECOM

2.1.4 Crescent Head System Flow Diagram

Figure 5 Crescent Head Water Supply System



14 AECOM

2.1.5 Stuarts Point System Flow Diagram

Figure 6 Stuarts Point Water Supply System



15 AECOM

2.1.6 South West Rocks System Flow Diagram

Figure 7 South West Rocks Water Supply System



16 AECOM

2.1.7 Hat Head System Flow Diagram

Figure 8 Hat Head Water Supply System



17 AECOM

2.2 Assessment of Water Quality Data

Historical data was analysed in preparation for the 2014 risk assessment workshop. Most of the data analysed

was sourced from the NSW Health Drinking Water Database. Council also has a significant amount of operational

data, which was used in the risk assessment process, including some raw water quality data and reservoir water

quality data for all water supply systems included in this DWMS. Council has a water quality complaint database

detailing complaints relative to each system.

The Drinking Water Quality Risk Assessment (AECOM 2014) and the KLM DWSD (Aqualift 2013) both include

results of the analysis of the available water quality data, which included statistical analysis and graphing to

identify trends. The statistical analysis undertaken as part of the 2014 risk assessment workshop is detailed in

Table 4 and Table 5. The KLM DWSD (Section 8) also outlines in detail the water quality monitoring and

performance of the Kempsey and Lower Macleay supply system, with some additional explanations for

exceedances.

Data from 25 sampling sites has been collected from NSW Health Database covering the seven drinking water

systems. All sample locations are post-treatment. A five year date range was selected to best identify trends and

assess the system as it is currently functioning. The specific dates of this five year range were between 1 January

2008 and 31 December 2013.

Council will need to maintain the currency of this drinking water quality performance assessment to maintain an

understanding of how the water supply system is performing over time. This is particularly relevant where there

has been a change to the water supply system, or there is an emerging performance issue.


Plan.

• Assemble historical data from source waters, treatment plants and finished water supplied to consumers (over time and following specific events).

• List and examine exceedances.

• Assess data using tools such as control charts and trends analysis to identify trends and potential problems.



18 AECOM

Table 4 Statistical Analysis of water quality data (2008 to 2013) from reticulation system sampling and comparison against ADWG Health Targets

Microbiological ADWG

Health Chemical ADWG Health

E.

Coli

Total

Coliforms Turbidity pH

Anti-

mony Arsenic Barium Boron

Cad-

mium

Free

Chlorine

Total

Chlorine Chromium Copper Fluoride Lead

Man-

ganese Mercury

Moly-

bdenum Nickel Nitrate Nitrite Selenium Silver Sulfate

ADWG Health Target

0 - <5 NTU

(aesthetic)

6.5 -

8.5 0.003 0.01 2 4 0.002 5 - 0.05 2 1.5 0.01 0.5 0.001 0.05 0.02 50 3 0.01 0.1 500

Bellbrook

Number of Exceedences

0 3 2 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Number of samples 147 147 113 209 66 66 66 66 65 144 39 66 66 66 66 66 66 66 66 66 66 66 66 66

Max Value 0.5 2 11.5 8.7 0.003 0.002 0.029 0.05 0.00025 2.4 2.4 0.006 0.052 0.13 0.002 0.077 0.0002 0.0025 0.005 12 0.5 0.005 0.001 12

Mean Value 0.5 0.52 0.81 7.66 0.0011 0.00081 0.013 0.05 0.00025 0.55 0.97 0.0026 0.019 0.058 0.0010 0.0061 5.45E-05 0.0025 0.005 1.54 0.067 0.0011 0.001 7.18

StdDev of Values 0 0.14 1.51 0.37 0.00069 0.00032 0.0058 2.7E-09 0 0.35 0.42 0.00067 0.0093 0.022 0.0001 0.011 2.09E-05 0 0 2.40 0.074 0.0005 0 2.12

Willawarrin


0 2 2 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0


Max Value 0.5 2 9.8 8.2 0.002 0.003 0.02 0.05 0.00025 2.2 2.3 0.008 0.143 0.13 0.002 0.0025 0.0002 0.0025 0.005 8 0.4 0.005 0.001 10

Mean Value 0.5 0.51 0.73 6.90 0.0011 0.0017 0.010 0.05 0.00025 0.62 1.10 0.0027 0.038 0.059 0.0011 0.00247 5.3E-05 0.0025 0.005 1.64 0.065 0.0011 0.001 7.21

StdDev of Values 0 0.13 1.08 0.33 0.00040 0.00056 0.0031 2.7E-09 0 0.37 0.42 0.00093 0.023 0.022 0.0003 0.00022 1.95E-05 0 0 1.60 0.059 0.0005 0 1.27

Crescent Head


1 9 35 13 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0


Max Value 14 200 16.5 10.06 0.0005 0.001 0.008 0.05 0.00025 7.25 3.1 0.0025 0.069 0.05 0.003 0.008 0.00005 0.0025 0.005 1.2 0.05 0.001 0.001 1

Mean Value 0.54 1.20 4.51 7.42 0.0005 0.0007 0.00635 0.05 0.00025 0.84 1.43 0.0025 0.0235 0.05 0.0012 0.00515 0.00005 0.0025 0.005 0.72 0.05 0.001 0.001 1

StdDev of Values 0.74 11.04 2.33 0.73 0 0.00026 0.00163 1.24E-9 0 0.79 0.65 5.49E-11 1.7E-2 1.24E-9 0.0006 0.00215 0 5.5E-11 1.1E-10 0.29 1.2E-9 0 0 0

Stuarts Point


1 4 4 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0


Max Value 1 400 9.73 8.6 0.0005 0.03 0.028 0.05 0.00025 1.13 1.34 0.01 0.155 0.13 0.022 0.067 0.0001 0.0025 0.01 0.5 0.6 0.003 0.001 7

Mean Value 0.50 3.18 0.63 7.53 0.0005 0.0026 0.01475 0.05 0.00025 0.55 0.81 0.0029 0.018 0.058 0.0014 0.0050 5.21E-05 0.0025 0.0051 0.5 0.072 0.0011 0.001 4.69

StdDev of Values 0.029 32.67 1.23 0.20 0 0.0040 0.0039 2.9E-09 0 0.21 0.19 0.0017 0.018 0.020 0.0025 0.0085 1.02E-05 0 0.00060 0 0.11 0.0003 0 0.87

South West Rocks


0 8 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0


Max Value 0.5 150 6.9 8.38 0.0005 0.002 0.014 0.05 0.00025 2.09 1.63 0.0025 0.582 1.13 0.001 0.023 0.00005 0.0025 0.005 0.5 0.4 0.002 0.001 6

Mean Value 0.50 1.11 0.40 7.60 0.0005 0.0009 0.007 0.05 0.00025 0.79 1.07 0.0025 0.031 0.391 0.0010 0.0086 0.00005 0.0025 0.0050 0.5 0.077 0.0010 0.001 3.80




19 AECOM

Microbiological ADWG Health

Chemical ADWG Health

E.

Coli

Total

Coliforms Turbidity pH

Anti-

mony Arsenic Barium Boron

Cad-

mium

Free

Chlorine

Total

Chlorine Chromium Copper Fluoride Lead

Man-

ganese Mercury

Moly-

bdenum Nickel Nitrate Nitrite Selenium Silver Sulfate

ADWG Health Target

0 - <5 NTU

(aesthetic)

6.5 -

8.5 0.003 0.01 2 4 0.002 5 - 0.05 2 1.5 0.01 0.5 0.001 0.05 0.02 50 3 0.01 0.1 500

Hat Head


1 4 4 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0


Max Value 1 400 9.73 8.6 0.0005 0.03 0.028 0.05 0.00025 1.13 1.34 0.01 0.155 0.13 0.022 0.067 0.0001 0.0025 0.01 0.5 0.6 0.003 0.001 7

Mean Value 0.50 3.18 0.63 7.53 0.0005 0.0026 0.01475 0.05 0.00025 0.55 0.81 0.0029 0.018 0.058 0.0014 0.0050 5.21E-05 0.0025 0.0051 0.5 0.072 0.0011 0.001 4.69


Table 5 Statistical Analysis of ADWG Aesthetic Characteristics (2008 to 2013)

Chemical ADWG Aesthetic

Aluminium Calcium Chloride Iodine Iron Magnesium Sodium

Total Dissolved

Solids (TDS)

Total Hardness

as CaCO3

True Colour

Zinc

ADWG Aesthetic Target 0.2 N/A 250 0.15 0.3 - 180 600 200 3

Bellbrook

Number of Exceedences 8 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

Number of samples 66 66 66 66 66 66 66 66 66 66 66

Max Value 0.61 30.2 37 0.032 0.31 9.8 29 207 106.4 7 0.05

Mean Value 0.086 13.45 23.83 0.013 0.053 4.34 18.04 102.92 51.43 1.14 0.012

StdDev of Values 0.14 6.23 5.62 0.0069 0.059 1.31 4.54 27.47 20.00 1.42 0.0084

Willawarrin



Max Value 0.56 18.8 25 0.03 0.28 6.83 23 110 74.5 8 0.07

Mean Value 0.050 11.00 13.32 0.011 0.047 4.00 12.43 79.15 43.93 1.41 0.020

StdDev of Values 0.085 2.30 2.95 0.0033 0.043 0.97 2.63 13.46 9.45 1.23 0.016

Crescent Head



Max Value 0.34 16.2 43 0.02 0.5 2.09 20 101 48.9 16 0.09

Mean Value 0.2125 10.38 41.4 0.011 0.29 1.94 18.1 90.1 33.98 7.2 0.03

StdDev of Values 0.11 3.76 1.78 0.0032 0.0972 0.11 1.10 6.31 9.62 3.77 0.023

KEY – Number of

Exceedences

No exceedences

One or greater



20 AECOM

Chemical ADWG Aesthetic

Aluminium Calcium Chloride Iodine Iron Magnesium Sodium

Total Dissolved

Solids (TDS)

Total Hardness

as CaCO3

True Colour

Zinc

ADWG Aesthetic Target 0.2 N/A 250 0.15 0.3 - 180 600 200 3

Stuarts Point



Max Value 0.08 63.5 40 0.02 2.79 3.58 49 228 173.3 1 0.39

Mean Value 0.0066 55.11 33.89 0.010 0.21 2.838 18.59 196.64 149.27 0.68 0.042

StdDev of Values 0.0092 3.49 3.81 0.0012 0.46 0.24 3.90 9.47 8.90 0.25 0.047

South West Rocks



Max Value 0.12 25.9 36.8 0.01 0.05 2.36 23 133 74.3 2 0.4

Mean Value 0.0395 17.54 34.52 0.010 0.02 1.82 19.97 110.27 51.26 0.77 0.033

StdDev of Values 0.0301 4.54 1.24 0.0000 0.02 0.18 1.23 10.78 11.76 0.37 0.083

Hat Head



Max Value 0.2 2.5 67 0.013 0.54 4.16 66 157 23.4 12 0.04

Mean Value 0.1746 1.92 62.13 0.010 0.41 3.08 41.33 129.46 17.54 7.31 0.022

StdDev of Values 0.0156 0.29 2.33 0.0008 0.09 0.36 8.45 9.65 1.91 2.81 0.010



21 AECOM

2.3 Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment

The hazardous events and hazard identification were recorded in a risk assessment spread-sheet, at each risk

assessment workshop. This was undertaken for each component of the water supply system. Once hazards had

been identified, risk scores associated with the likelihood and consequences of each hazard were applied,

resulting in an overall risk score. This risk score allowed participants to identify where the risk management

priorities lie (this was later used to ensure appropriate potential CCPs were identified). Definitions associated with

the risk assessment scores were drawn from the ADWG and are provided in the Drinking Water Quality Risk

Assessment report.

A total of 58 hazards were identified as part of the 2014 risk assessment workshop, with 35 of these being

considered as a significant unmitigated risk – i.e. High or Very High rating. By applying Council’s existing control

measures the significant risk total was reduced to 21. A summary of the significant residual risks identified by the

workshop attendees is provided in Table 6 below. A total of 63 hazards were identified as part of the 2012 risk

assessment workshop, for the Kempsey & Lower Macleay Supply. 56 of these hazards were considered as a

significant unmitigated risk, but when applying Councils existing controls, this was reduced to 28. A summary of

these risks is provided in the KLM DWSD (section 9.1). While the Kempsey Supply risks assessment was not

reviewed at the 2014 workshop, the hazards were reviewed for Reservoirs, Distribution and Whole of System, and

they are considered similar for all drinking water systems.

Where uncertainty existed, this was noted in the basis of scoring (including the source of the uncertainty) and a

conservative approach to scoring was employed. Uncertainty was not scored. Where appropriate, actions to

reduce uncertainty were identified and included in the Implementation Plan, which is provided in Section 13.0.

Council will need to maintain the currency of these water quality risk assessments to ensure they reflect the

current water quality risks in the water supply system and the relevant management practises at the time. It is

recommended the water supply system hazard identification and risk assessment be reviewed internally in 12

months, and the two risk assessments be integrated into one. The review should include input from the local

Public Health Unit representative and the NSW Office of Water, if possible. A qualified risk assessment facilitator

should be involved in updating the risk assessment in the event of any significant changes to any of the water

supply systems, or every five years.

The 2014 risk assessment spread-sheet is provided in Appendix A and the 2012 risk assessment for the

Kempsey & Lower Macleay system is provided in the KLM DWSD.

For detailed actions to meet the requirements of the Framework refer to Section 13.0 - Implementation Plan.

• Define the approach and methodology to be used for hazard identification and risk assessment

• Identify and document hazards, sources and hazardous events for each component of the water supply system.

• Estimate the level of risk for each identified hazard or hazardous event.

• Evaluate the major sources of uncertainty associated with each hazard and hazardous event and consider actions to reduce uncertainty

• Determine significant risks and document priorities for risk management

• Periodically review and update the hazard identification and risk assessment to incorporate any changes



22 AECOM

Hazardous

Event

Code

System

Code

Hazardous Event Hazard Hazard

Category

Description of

Consequences

Unmitigated

Risk

Evaluation

Existing Control Measures & Monitoring Residual

Risk

Evaluation

Co

nse

qu

ence

Lik

elih

oo

d

Ris

k B

an

d L

ab

el

Co

nse

qu

ence

Lik

elih

oo

d

Ris

k B

an

d L

ab

el

1 Catchment & Abstraction

1.02 WW

(bores)

- Pathogens from rural residential and agricultural inputs

due to surface water ingress

- High rainfall

- Flood

Crypto-

sporidium

Pathogens

(Chlorine

resistant e.g.

Crypto)

Exceedence of ADWG

health guideline 5 3

Ve

ry H

igh - Natural sand filtration

- Bore casing

- Carting during flood events, high turbidity 5 2

Ve

ry H

igh

1.03 WW, BB


due to surface water ingress.

- Unsewered properties

- Wildlife in catchment

- Flood damage

- High rainfall

Bacteria and

virus

Pathogens

(Chlorine

sensitive e.g.

Bacteria and

viruses )

Bacteria and virus 5 4

Ve

ry H

igh

- Natural sand filtration

- Bore casing

- Disinfection

- Filtration (BB)

- Carting during flood events, high turbidity

- Storage residence time in the reservoir (3 days)(SP)

5 1

Hig

h

1.04

CH, SP,

SWR,

HH


(SP only) due to surface water ingress.

- Unsewered properties in township of SP and caravan

park.

- Wildlife in catchment

Bacteria and

virus

Pathogens

(Chlorine

sensitive e.g.

Bacteria and

viruses )

Nutrients

Exceedence of ADWG


Ve

ry H

igh


- Bore casing

- Disinfection

- Filtration (SWR, SP)

- Storage residence time in the reservoir (3 days)

- Protected catchment in coastal catchment systems

5 1

Hig

h

1.06 All

(bores)

- Groundwater can contain naturally occurring iron and

manganese (historically mostly iron issues). Iron and

Manganese

Chemicals (Fe

& Mn)

Radiological

Exceedence of ADWG

aesthetic guideline 3 5

Ve

ry H

igh - Aeration

- Collection tank (HH not very effective)

- Normally two reservoirs (HH)

- Filtration (SP, BB, SWR)

- Dam (CH)

2 5

Hig

h

1.13 CH (front

dam)

- Algal blooms (red tide) from wildlife cross contamination

(sea, wastewater treatment plant).

- Blue green algal bloom (no event to date) Cyanotoxins Biological Exceedence of ADWG


Hig

h

- Visual inspection

- Dam isolation

- Sprinklers on the dam 4 1

Hig

h

1.14 CH (front

dam)

- Wildlife

- cross contamination from wastewater treatment via birds.

All pathogens Biological Exceedence of ADWG


Ve

ry H

igh

- Disinfection

4 2

Hig

h

1.15 BB, SP

(bores)


due to surface water ingress.

- Unsewered properties in township of SP and caravan

park.

- High rainfall

- Flood

Crypto-

sporidium Biological

Exceedence of ADWG


Ve

ry H

igh


- Bore casing

- Carting during flood events, high turbidity (BB)

- Filtration

- Storage residence time in the reservoir (3 days, SP)

5 1

Hig

h

Table 6 Significant Residual Risks (February 2014 Risk Assessment)



23 AECOM

1.16

CH, HH,

SWR

(bores)

- High rainfall

- Flood Crypto-

sporidium Biological

Exceedence of ADWG


Hig

h


- Bore casing

- Protected catchment, within national parks 4 1

Hig

h



24 AECOM

2 Aeration

2.01 CH

- Vermin ingress

Bacteria and

virus Biological

Exceedence of ADWG


Ve

ry H

igh - Disinfection

4 2

Hig

h

2.03 HH

- Poor maintenance practises

- Blower failure

- Exceed iron build up on satellites

- Poor design of collection chamber

Iron Physical Exceedence of ADWG

aesthetic guideline 2 5

Hig

h

- Maintenance

- Visual inspection (daily)

- Cleaning with hydrochloric acid and soda ash 2 5

Hig

h

5 Filtration

5.03 BB,

SWR, SP

- Incorrect filter media

- incorrect backwashing

- not replacing filter media when required

- over pressurising leading to break through of filter media All pathogens Biological

Exceedence of ADWG


Ve

ry H

igh

- Maintenance procedures

- Operator training

- Automated operation

- Coagulation

- Predose with chlorine (not for disinfection) (BB)

- Three filters in series (BB)

- Water carting (BB)

- Disinfection

4 1

Hig

h

7 Disinfection (Chlorine Dosing and Contact Vessels)

7.01 All

Under dosing from:

- incorrect chlorine set point

- operator error

- instrumentation/equipment failure or running out of

Chlorine Gas resulting in inadequate disinfection to control

pathogens (system is not interlocked with chlorine pumps)

- Air lock in the NaOCl or blockage from crystallisation

- varying water quality i.e. turbidity, pH (due to manual

water quality monitoring)

- poor quality/incorrect concentration of chlorine

- incorrect pH may affect chlorine residual

- dilution batching

Bacteria and

virus

Pathogens

(Chlorine

sensitive)

Exceedence of ADWG


Ve

ry H

igh

- Operator training

- Online monitoring

- Manual operator monitoring (daily, WW - not on Sundays, Saturday -

retic only)

- Slug dosing of reservoirs

- Filtration/coagulation

- pH monitoring

- Operator checks at the plants (airlocks)

- Visual inspection of chlorine level indicators

- Oversized reservoirs

- Interlocks at some WTPs

- Frequent deliveries of NaOCl

- Duty/standby arrangements

- No properties off first main to reservoir

5 1

Hig

h

7.02 HH, CH

Inherent issue as a result of chlorine dosing DBPs and

Chlorine

T &O,

Chlorine,

DBP's.

Exceedence of ADWG


Hig

h - Chloramination at CH

- Using water treatment quality chlorine tablets 2 4

Hig

h

7.04 CH

Incorrect ratio of ammonia to chlorine from:

- incorrect set point

- operator error

- complex water quality testing

- instrumentation/equipment failure

- varying water quality i.e. turbidity, pH (due to manual

water quality monitoring)

- poor mixing or short circuiting

- incorrect concentration of chemicals

- mismatched duty/standby ammonia pumps



Ve

ry H

igh

- Operator training

- Operator water quality monitoring

- Slug dosing at reservoirs

4 3

Ve

ry H

igh



25 AECOM

9 Reservoirs

9.01 BB

- Cross contamination of clear water tanks through

interconnection to raw water tanks



Ve

ry H

igh - Operator training

- System configuration (clear water tank higher than raw water tank)

- Chlorine residual within clear water tank 4 3

Ve

ry H

igh

9.02 All

Vermin ingress:

- unlocked hatches/poorly fitting hatches

- inadequate netting

- poor integrity of the roof

- not following standard maintenance procedures

- inappropriate attachment/maintenance of

telecommunication aerials

- damage due to storm events

- access via scour lines



Ve

ry H

igh

- Chlorine residual testing

- Visual/integrity inspection

- Subcontractors clean out/inspections

- Lockable hatches, vermin screens

- Hatch upgrade program

- Microbe testing downstream

5 4

Ve

ry H

igh

9.03 All

- Stormwater ingress leading to contamination from faecal

matter from birds.



Ve

ry H

igh - Chlorine residual testing

- Visual/integrity roof inspection

- Hatch upgrade program

- Microbe testing downstream

- Subcontractor clean out/inspections

4 1

Hig

h

10 Distribution

10.01 All

- Ingress of contaminates due to back flow or cross

connections (including property illegal connections).

- Illegal connection to standpipes.

- Improper practices by water carters

- Backflow from tankers filling from inappropriate locations

on the system.

- Fire brigade, council road crews

All pathogens Various Exceedence of ADWG


Ve

ry H

igh

- Visual inspection

- Public notification (community awareness)

- Council meter readings

- Water carter management procedures enforced by council (register)

- Water carters and fill stations use direct coupling to fill and backflow

prevention

- Council has undertaken an audit of their backflow prevention devices

- New properties inspected for backflow prevention

- WQ testing in distribution whilst water carting is operating

4 2

Hig

h

10.03 All

- Mains breaks or unsanitary repairs leading to WQ issues

including cross contamination of main repair equipment

e.g. Sewer/Water.

- Not chlorinating after a main break

- Incorrect flushing procedures after a main break

- Inappropriate storage of new pipework prior to installation.

- Incorrect valve operation or valve failures leading to

ingress of contaminates due to loss of pressure.

- Unsanitary commissioning of a new main.

- Incorrect/lack of flushing.

All pathogens

and all

chemicals

Various Exceedence of ADWG


Ve

ry H

igh

- Water/sewer maintenance crews disinfection procedures

- Council training/inductions

- Training days with health and WIOA

- Hydrant and valve maintenance program

- Chlorine residual 4 2

Hig

h

11 Whole of System

11.01 All

- Entry of unauthorised persons leading to accidental or

deliberate sabotage

- Unsupervised site visits by internal staff resulting in

interruption to processes

Various Various Exceedence of ADWG


Ve

ry H

igh - Encase bore heads

- Security fencing or a lockable shed

- Locked gates and regular patrols

- Lockable hatches

- Roofed reservoirs

4 2

Hig

h



26 AECOM

12 Monitoring and Management System

12.01 All

Lack of DWMS including:

- SOPs

- Operator training

- Maintenance practices

- Location of water quality monitoring sample points not

being representative of whole of system.

- Succession planning

- Calibration of instrumentation

- Qualified contactors and consultants

- emergency response procedure

- chemical delivery procedures

- correct labelling of sampling sites

- loss of trained/experienced staff

Various Various Exceedence of ADWG


Ve

ry H

igh

- Maintain and develop DWMS

- Operator training, experience, training (key control measure)

5 3

Ve

ry H

igh



27 AECOM

3.0 Element 3 – Preventative Measures for Drinking Water

Quality Management

3.1 Preventative Measures and Multiple Barriers

Existing preventative measures were identified for all hazards during both risk assessment workshops, not just

those presenting a significant level of risk. In each workshop, the number of unmitigated significant risks (Very

High or High scores) were reduced significantly once controls were applied.

Follow up actions were identified for each of the remaining significant risks as part of the risk assessment. These

actions are detailed in the Implementation Plan in Section 13.0.

The preventative measures for addressing the significant health related risks were also covered as part of the

CCP identification process. A summary of some of the general preventative measures and barriers employed by

council to manage hazards to water quality includes:

- Disinfection (see Table 11 for CT calculation)

- Online/physical monitoring – turbidity, chlorine, pH

- Reactive system management – e.g. manual shutdown on dosing failure

- Treatment plant processes – aeration, filtration, disinfection, pH correction

- Natural treatment processes – e.g. natural sand filtration

- Standby dosing pumps

- Interlocks

- Maintenance and cleaning procedures – e.g. filter backwashing, dosing pump maintenance

- Operator checks and visual inspections

- Alternative supply

- Physical barriers – e.g. encased bore heads, security fences or lockable sheds, lockable hatches

- Staff training – e.g. Council training and inductions, training days with NSW Health and WIOA

Council should continue to maintain existing control measures and ensure that all relevant control measures are

formally documented as part of this review process.

• Identify existing preventive measures from catchment to consumer for each significant hazard or hazardous event and estimate the residual risk.

• Evaluate alternative or additional preventive measures where improvement is required.

• Document the preventive measures and strategies into a plan addressing each significant risk



28 AECOM

3.2 Critical Control Points

The Hazard Assessment and Critical Control Point methodology was used to assist the risk assessment

workshop participants in identifying the CCPs. This process was described to workshop participations in the

Workshop Briefing Paper (AECOM 2014) and is also documented in the Drinking Water Quality Risk Assessment.

Target, Alert and Critical Limits were identified for each CCP, and the response protocols in the event of breach of

Alert or Critical Limits were recorded. A summary of the current CCPs for each supply system is provided below in

Figure 9 to Figure 15. The Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) will be collated into a Document register in

Councils Document Management system “TRIM” once finalised. The SOPs specifically relating to the CCPs are in

Appendix B for quick reference and printing.

It is important that the critical control points and their associated limits and target criteria are well understood by all

water supply staff, particularly those responsible for operation of the water treatment and distribution systems. To

ensure maximum visibility and support a safe drinking water culture, critical control point summary pages should

be posted on noticeboards at the treatment plants, kept in work vehicles and displayed at other normal

workplaces.

Council will need to maintain currency of CCP information and ensure staff members understand what is required

of them with regard to operational control.

For detailed actions to meet the requirements of the Framework refer to Section 13.0 - Implementation Plan.

• Assess preventive measures from catchment to consumer to identify CCPs.

• Establish mechanisms for operational control.

• Document the CCPs, Critical Limits and target criteria.



29 AECOM

Figure 9 Critical Control Points Reference Guide (Bellbrook)

Note: 1) As discussed in the February 2014 workshop, NSW Health is currently in the process of instigating an investigation into the correlation between the likely Cryptosporidium risk posed by different catchment types and turbidity. The subsequent findings will inform Councils’ turbidity targets to mitigate the Cryptosporidium hazard at the catchment and abstraction stage. Results from this investigation will be used to update the turbidity limits above.

Figure 10 Critical Control Points Reference Guide (Willawarrin)



30 AECOM

Figure 11 Critical Control Points Reference Guide (Crescent Head)

Figure 12 Critical Control Points Reference Guide (Stuarts Point)



31 AECOM

Figure 13 Critical Control Points Reference Guide (South West Rock



32 AECOM

Figure 14 Critical Control Points Reference Guide (Hat Head)



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Figure 15 Critical Control Points Reference Guide (Kempsey & Lower Macleay)



Kem

psey a

nd L

ow

er

Macle

ay


All pathogens


KLM2 SM Dam water

Extraction All


KLM3 SM Dam water

Extraction





1



Pathogens Free


KLM5 Reservoirs

All pathogens

and all chemicals

Reservoir integrity



pathogens Free




34 AECOM

4.0 Element 4 – Operational Procedures and Process Control

4.1 Operational Procedures

Council is currently in the process of documenting its operational procedures for their water supply systems. The

documents, once finalised, will be stored in a Document Register within Councils records management system

“TRIM”. There is no register at the time of developing this DWMS, as only 20% of the procedures have been

produced, and they are currently in draft format only. Once finalised, the relevant hard copies will be provided for

each treatment site in a site specific SOP manual.

During the risk assessment processes, a number of operational procedures were identified as required to

effectively manage water quality risks. These procedures have been captured in Section 13.0 - Implementation

Plan to be actioned. As each procedure is finalised, it will be updated in TRIM and in the Hard Copy manuals.

The procedures for managing CCPs are documented in the CCP SOP Tables provided in Appendix B.

As outlined in the ADWG, “Procedures are most effective when operations staff members are involved in their

development, documentation and verification”. Council is encouraged to develop these new procedures and

review existing operational procedures in a team which includes operational staff. This shall include activities such

as water quality sampling, maintenance schedules and records.

These operational procedures are to be relevant and current to the existing system and a review process shall be

developed to capture any changes, modifications since the last review. Actions addressing the above

requirements are detailed in Section 13.0 - Implementation Plan.

• Identify procedures required for processes and activities from catchment to consumer.

• Document all procedures and compile into an operations manual.



35 AECOM

4.2 Operational Monitoring

Operators sample and test the pre and post treated water in Kempsey Shire. Test results are recorded on run

sheets. This includes manual sampling and real time monitoring using an online probe. The parameters

monitored, the monitoring location and the frequency of monitoring is recorded below. The details of the

monitoring undertaken on the Kempsey Supply system are outlined in section 8 of the KLM DWSD.

Operators sample and test the pre and post treated water in Kempsey Shire. Test results are recorded on run

sheets. This includes manual sampling and real time monitoring using an inline probe. The parameters monitored,

the monitoring location and the frequency of monitoring is recorded below. Where online probes are used for

monitoring, manual tests are undertaken to ensure the online probes are reading correctly. For chlorine residuals,

both free and total chlorine are measured. At Bellbrook and Willawarrin, some online monitoring is provided with

remote dial in capabilities. So on days that the sites are not visited, the sites are remotely monitored for the online

water quality performance.

Table 7 Monitoring Parameters

System Parameters Monitoring Location Monitoring Frequency

Bellbrook Chlorine residual Outlet of clear water tank Continuous (online), Daily

Chlorine residual Reservoir & Distribution 5 days / week

Turbidity Raw water Continuous (online), Daily

Turbidity After filters at WTP Continuous (online)

Turbidity Reservoir & distribution 5 days / week

pH Outlet of clear water tank Continuous (online)

pH Reservoir & distribution 5 days / week

Vermin inspection Reservoirs Monthly

Willawarrin Chlorine residual Reservoir & Distribution 6 days / week

Turbidity Reservoir & Distribution 6 days / week

pH Reservoir & Distribution 6 days / week


Crescent Head Chlorine residual Trunk Main, Rising Main 6 days / week

Chlorine residual Reservoirs & Distribution Daily

Turbidity Raw water 4 days / week

Turbidity Trunk Main, Rising Main,

reservoir & distribution

6 days / week

pH Raw Water, Trunk Main,

Rising Main, Reservoir &

distribution

6 days / week

Vermin inspection

Reservoirs Monthly

• Develop monitoring protocols for operational performance of the water supply system, including the selection of operational parameters and criteria, and the routine analysis of results.

• Document monitoring protocols into an operational monitoring plan.



36 AECOM

System Parameters Monitoring Location Monitoring Frequency

Stuarts Point Chlorine residual Outlet of clear water tank 6 days / week

Chlorine residual Reservoir & Distribution 6 days / week


Turbidity Outlet of clear water tank,

reservoir & distribution

6 times / week

pH Raw Water, Outlet of clear

water tank, reservoir and

distribution

3 times / week


South West

Rocks

Chlorine residual Leaving the WTP Continuous (online) & Daily

Chlorine residual Reservoir & Distribution Daily

Turbidity Raw water Continuous (online) & Daily

Turbidity Clear water, reservoir &

distribution

Daily

pH Raw Water Daily

pH Outlet of clear water tank Continuous (online)

pH Reservoir and distribution Daily

Fluoride Outlet of the WTP and

reservoir

Daily

Vermin inspection Reservoirs 6 days / week

Hat Head Chlorine residual Outlet of Clear water tank 6 days / week

Chlorine residual Reservoirs & Distribution 6 days / week


Turbidity Outlet of clear water tank,

reservoirs & distribution

6 days / week

pH Raw water, Outlet of clear

water tank, reservoirs &

distribution

6 days / week

Vermin inspection Reservoirs 6 days / week

Short term water quality results are communicated internally from the operators directly to the Manager Water

Process, when appropriate i.e. exceedence measured. External communication of daily results is limited to a

gross and/or consistent exceedence. These tasks are carried out, as appropriate, currently there is no written

procedure.

Monitoring practices were discussed in detail in the risk assessment workshops and it is clear that the operations

staff understand the monitoring requirements for each system.

Operational monitoring documents include:

- Daily run sheets at the water treatment sites (historically)

- Electronic Spreadsheets are maintained on Councils common drive at F:\UTILITIES\Water

Services\WATER\Water Treatment Plant Monitoring

On a financial year basis an updated copy of these spreadsheets will be saved in the DWMS TRIM register, to

maintain an auditable history of performance.



37 AECOM

While the above documentation already exists, the next step is to develop monitoring protocols and combine this

with the existing documentation into a formal Operational Monitoring Plan. The monitoring protocols in the

Operational Monitoring Plan should include responsibilities, authorities and communication protocols. This plan

shall contain monitoring protocols for monitoring of CCPs against the defined criteria. Outstanding actions to

address the above requirements are detailed in Section 13.0.


Corrective actions to be implemented in the event of excursions from health related water quality targets were

discussed and documented as part of the CCP identification process during the drinking water quality risk

assessment workshops. These actions have been documented in the Implementation Plan in Section 13.0. The

CCP Reference Guide can be referenced in Section 3.2 of this report.

It is important that the critical control points and their associated limits and target criteria are well understood by all

water supply staff, particularly those responsible for operation of the water treatment and distribution systems. To

ensure maximum visibility and support a safe drinking water culture, CCP summary tables should be posted on

noticeboards at the treatment plants, kept in work vehicles and displayed at other normal workplaces.

Council observes the guidance provided in the NSW Health Response Protocols on microbial quality and physical

and chemical quality.

Response protocols can be found at:

http://www.health.nsw.gov.au/environment/water/Pages/nswhrp-chemical.aspx

http://www.health.nsw.gov.au/environment/water/Pages/nswhrp-microbiological.aspx

A summary of who to contact in the event of triggering these protocols and a list of emergency contacts are

provided in Section 6.1.

An Incident and Emergency Response Plan (IERP) is currently being developed for Council and this plan will

include requirements for non-conformance reporting and corrective actions. This IERP will encompass the

requirements for managing incidents for drinking water, recycled water and sewage. Currently operators contact

the Water Process Technical Officer or Water Managers when unexpected events or incidents occur.

Outstanding actions to address the above requirements are detailed in Section 13.0.

• Establish and document procedures for corrective action to control excursions in operational parameters.

• Establish rapid communication systems to deal with unexpected events.





38 AECOM

4.4 Equipment Capability and Maintenance

During the Drinking Water Quality Risk Assessment workshops, undertaken by Aqualift (2013) and AECOM

(2014) the adequacy of the existing equipment was assessed in relation to its ability to effectively manage water

quality hazards. This included:

- Reliability of the systems (i.e. availability of backup generators, system redundancy)

- Stability of systems (i.e. ability to withstand flood/fire events)

- Capacity to deliver potable water in line with ADWG health limits

In the risk assessment workshop, areas lacking in capability were identified and follow up actions have been

captured in Section 13.0 - Implementation Plan.

Council utilities an Asset Management System that consists of a comprehensive inventory of equipment including

details such as maintenance history ensures equipment is functioning optimally and within the bounds it was

designed for. It also details the age of infrastructure, last service date, maintenance frequency, who is responsible

for maintaining each piece of equipment and any recorded failures.

It is recommended Council review their preventative maintenance system for water infrastructure to ensure that it

fully integrates with the AMS, so that teams are notified when maintenance should be scheduled for specific

pieces of plant. It should also be ensured that any inspections and/or maintenance work is appropriately recorded

in this database.

Council is currently in the process of developing SOPs for its drinking water systems. Standard Operating

Procedures (SOPs) will also include corrective actions for CCPs.


• Ensure that equipment performs adequately and provides sufficient flexibility and process control.

• Establish a program for regular inspection and maintenance of all equipment, including monitoring equipment.



39 AECOM

4.5 Materials and Chemicals

Council requires conformance with the following plumbing codes, regulations and standards, which guide product

selection and installation:

- AS/NZS 3500.1:2003 Plumbing and drainage – Water services

- AUS-SPEC 0071 Water Supply – Reticulation and pump stations (Design)

- AUS-SPEC 1341 Water – reticulation and pump stations (Construction)

Council has preferred suppliers for the purchasing of products. Council may consider developing a purchasing

program to ensure that suppliers conform to plumbing regulations, industry codes of practice and standards to

guide product selection and installation. Councils' supplier contracts include chemical quality compliance

requirements.

At chemical delivery locations, gates and valves are always locked. Someone from Council needs to be present to

accept the chemical delivery and allow access. Council currently does not have a formalised procedure for

chemical deliveries, and does not undertake acceptance tests upon receipt of chemicals. However, there are long

standing contracts in place with chemical suppliers for water treatment chemicals and chemicals are delivered

with a statement of chemical quality. Council participates in a tender undertaken by Regional Procurement,

involving a number of Councils in the area, for tendering and procuring chemicals. The tender assessment

process includes selection accordance to organisational quality assurance systems, amongst other criteria.

The following chemicals are used by Council’s water treatment systems:

Table 8 Chemical Supply List

Chemical Supply System Process Supplier

Chlorine Gas

Hat Head, Crescent Head, Stuarts

Point, Kempsey (Sherwood) Disinfection Orica Australia Pty Ltd

Sodium Hypochlorite

Kempsey, South West Rocks,

Bellbrook, Willawarrin Disinfection Price Chemicals

Hydrated Lime

South West Rocks, Kempsey

(Sherwood), Crescent Head pH correction Redox Pty ltd

Dense Soda Ash Hat Head, Stuarts Point pH correction Price Chemicals

Sodium Silicofluoride South West Rocks Fluoridation Redox Pty ltd

Potassium Permangenate South West Rocks

Manganese

Removal Redox Pty ltd

PACL South West Rocks Coagulation TBA

Ferric Chloride Stuarts Point Flocculation Omega Chemicals

Sodium Bisulphite, Citric Acid South West Rocks Membrane Clean Price Chemicals

Sodium Hydroxide South West Rocks Membrane Clean Redox Pty ltd

Ammonia Crescent Head Disinfection TBA

Hydro 700 Bellbrook Coagulation TBA

• Ensure that only approved materials and chemicals are used.

• Establish documented procedures for evaluating chemicals, materials and suppliers.



40 AECOM

The use of unverified chemicals remains a hazard within the drinking water systems. Contracts with the chemical

suppliers should be reviewed to ensure tolerances around chemical quality are sufficiently addressed and

treatment/delivery of the product is appropriately controlled. This is of particular importance where small amounts

of chemicals are used and procurement of chemicals is handled through the store, rather than through the

procurement contract. This occurs for the purchase of small bottles of Liquid hypo, Ammonia and PACL.

Verification procedures and documentation should be developed to address this. Council should consider

developing a procedure for undertaking spot checks for chemical quality compliance.




41 AECOM

5.0 Element 5 - Verification of Drinking Water Quality

5.1 Drinking Water Quality Monitoring

Council participates in NSW Health’s Drinking Water Monitoring Program, with results recorded in the NSW

Drinking Water Database. Council tests drinking water for 32 health and aesthetic characteristics. These samples

are taken from 25 sample sites within the Kempsey Shire council district, all of which are post treatment. These

results input into an ongoing verification process of the quality of drinking water supplied by Kempsey Shire

Council. The water quality characteristics that are monitored as part of this program are specified by NSW Health

and were detailed in Appendix G of the Drinking Water Quality Risk Assessment report. The water quality

characteristics that are monitored for the Kempsey System have been outlined in Section 8 of the KLM DWSD.

The Public Health Unit has undertaken reticulation monitoring in the nearby community of Burnt Bridge and within

the reticulation at Greenhill. The results of these tests showed that these parameters do not appear to pose a risk

at present.

NSW Health provides a funding allocation for specific project investigations consistent with NSW Health and/or

NHMRC monitoring recommendations. Council has used this program to undertake a number of specific projects

to monitor pesticides and DBP’s, and other parameters, where there have been potential hazards or concerns

identified. Some of these are listed below: (full list is detailed in Section 9.1)

Bellbrook Antimony and Arsenic – minimal concerns and study ongoing

Stuarts Point Raw Water Pesticides – no issues identified

Kempsey system Sherwood Borefield Pesticides – no issues identified

Crescent Head DBP –THM’s above guideline limit

Hat Head DBP – HAA’s above guideline limits

In November 2012, disinfection at Crescent Head was converted from chlorine gas to chloramination, to eliminate

the issues with THM’s. Further studies are being undertaken with regards to THMs in this system. Further projects

are currently being undertaken at Hat Head to develop some deeper understanding into the likely cause of the

HAA production.

Other water samples are sent to NSW Health’s NATA accredited laboratory for testing and council is informed of

any non-compliant test results. Samples are collected in accordance with the Guide to Submitting Water Samples

to the Division of Analytical Service (DAL 2010). Additional information on the NSW Drinking Water Monitoring

Program, as well as a link to the drinking water database and may be found here:

http://www.health.nsw.gov.au/environment/water/Pages/drinkwater-nsw.aspx

• Determine the characteristics to be monitored in the distribution system and in water as supplied to the consumer.

• Establish and document a sampling plan for each characteristic, including the location and frequency of sampling.

• Ensure monitoring data are representative and reliable.

http://www.health.nsw.gov.au/environment/water/Pages/drinkwater-nsw.aspx



42 AECOM

In addition to monitoring undertaken as part of NSW Health’s Drinking Water Monitoring Program, Council also

independently monitors water quality parameters as part of their daily operations (pre and post treatment at their

water supply systems), including:

- Chlorine residual

- pH

- Turbidity

- THMs

- TDS (conductivity)

- Chemicals (see Table 8 above)

Verification monitoring activities for Bellbrook, Willawarrin, Stuarts Point, South West Rocks and Hat Head are

outlined in Council’s existing Draft Drinking Water Risk Management Plans (2008) for these water supply systems

(see Verification Monitoring Activities). However, these plans were developed in 2008 and the information in them

appears to be out of date.

It is recommended that council develop a Water Quality Verification Plan. The Verification Plan should include

current information on sampling locations, parameters, frequencies, links to sampling and handling procedures

and protocols, information regarding how the results are communicated by the lab, internal data review

requirements and information on how to respond in the event of a non-compliance.

Council may insert the Water Quality Verification Plan into this section of the DWMS and maintain it here, or link

the verification plan to this section of the DWMS. It is advisable to maintain only one primary source of information

and to limit the number of documents that contain the live version to one.

Water quality data was reviewed and subsequently determined to be representative of the council’s catchments

during the Risk Assessment workshops. Data will continue to be reviewed through the annual DWMS review

process.

Outstanding actions in this regard have been detailed in the Implementation Plan in Section 13.0.



43 AECOM

5.2 Consumer Satisfaction

It is a requirement of Council to manage and record any customer complaints and/or feedback from the

community.

Customer complaints are managed through reception. Customer complaints are recorded and saved on

CivicView, which automatically notifies the Technical Officer Water Process who delegates responsibilities as

appropriate. Over the last five years water supply complaints have been fewer than three per 1000 properties for

each supply system according to the NSW Water Supply and Sewerage – NSW Benchmarking Reports. A

register of these complaints is submitted annually to NSW Office of Water for inclusion in the Annual Performance

and Benchmarking Reports.

The following provides a summary of complaints from NOW NSW Benchmarking Report 2009 – 2012:

- 2011/12: <1 per 1,000 properties

- 2010/11: <1 per 1,000 properties

- 2009/10: 2 per 1,000 properties

- 2008/09: <1 per 1,000 properties

To obtain summaries of customer complaints staff currently have to manually extract this data. Council may

consider implementing a complaint database which can be easily downloaded and exported for analysis. This

should include a review of the information recorded and how complaints are categorised.

The table below is a summary of the complaints received for 2012 to 2013. As a result of problems with dirty

water in Stuarts Point, Council has recently undertaken a large pigging program through the whole reticulation

system, which should see a reduction in complaints. Council previously had similar problems at Crescent Head,

but the problems have reduced there since the area was pigged a year ago.

Council agree that the dirty water complaints in South West Rocks should be monitored and investigated further if

complaints persist.

Table 9 Customer complaints

Supply area Dirty water Taste &

Odour Illness

Loss of

Supply Other Total

South West Rocks 46 10 0 0 2 58

Hat Head - - - - 1 1

Stuarts Point 54 1 0 0 4 59

Crescent Head 8 1 0 0 0 9

Willawarrin 0 0 0 0 0 0

Bellbrook 0 0 0 0 0 0

The water quality complaints from the period Jan 2007 to August 2012, for the Kempsey and Lower Macleay

system have been detailed in the KLM DWSD (Section 8.4).

Generally operational staff will go out to investigate, take water quality samples and clean mains where

appropriate and/or check water treatment operation.

Outstanding actions in this regard have been detailed in the Implementation Plan in Section 13.0.

• Establish a consumer complaint and response program, including appropriate training of employees.



44 AECOM

5.3 Short-term Evaluation of Results

Water quality verification data is recorded in NSW Health’s Drinking Water Database and may be accessed by

council at any time. The Drinking Water Database shows compliance against the ADWG requirements and may

be accessed by authorised Council users from the following link:

http://www.health.nsw.gov.au/environment/water/Pages/drinking-water-databse.aspx

Council undertakes monitoring of water quality for each of their supply systems. Council is in the process of

adopting a central electronic spreadsheet to capture daily water quality data. It is critical that this is kept up-to-

date to allow for simple and ongoing evaluation of results. Council may want to consider providing water quality

data in water rate notices to customers.

Council’s Manager Water Process is notified of non-conforming results and provides advice as the appropriate

response actions. The local PHU should also be contacted by Council’s Manager Water Process in the event of

an ADWG exceedance.

Review of the water quality data is undertaken by Council’s Technical Officer Water Process on a regular basis.

The Technical Officer Water Process also reviews this information against the operational monitoring that is

undertaken. It was acknowledged that water quality data recorded in the NSW Drinking Water Database, and

council’s electronic spreadsheets, should be reviewed more frequently to identify potential trends in water quality

and this has been noted in the Implementation Plan in Section 13.0.

Council should develop a process where customer feedback is directly integrated into the daily monitoring

spreadsheet, which also captures daily water quality data.

• Establish procedures for the daily review of drinking water quality monitoring data and consumer satisfaction.

• Develop reporting mechanisms internally, and externally, where required.

http://www.health.nsw.gov.au/environment/water/Pages/drinking-water-databse.aspx



45 AECOM


Customer complaints and feedback are received and delegated through Council’s Customer Service Centre. As

discussed in Section 5.2, non-conforming water verification and monitoring results trigger the operational staff or

operators to notify the Manager Water Process. As mentioned previously, this system needs to be reviewed to

make it easier to extract and analyse information.

As identified in Section 4.3, council adheres to the response protocols established by NSW Health, which can be

found at:

http://www.health.nsw.gov.au/environment/water/Pages/drinking-water.aspx

Council has developed Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) related to water quality results. This acts as a

mechanism for monitoring water quality and determining areas for improvements across the supply systems.

It is recommended that the rapid communication system be established as part of an Incident and Emergency

Response Plan (IERP) and incorporated into a non-conformance reporting system. Council may also consider

integrating this with the customer complaint system to streamline the resolution of issues once they arise. This is

addressed in Section 6.1. Additional actions to be implemented to improve compliance with the above

requirements are documented in the Implementation Plan in Section 13.0.

• Establish and document procedures for corrective action in response to non-conformance or consumer feedback.

• Establish rapid communication systems to deal with unexpected events.

http://www.health.nsw.gov.au/environment/water/Pages/drinking-water.aspx



46 AECOM

6.0 Element 6 - Management of Incidents and Emergencies

6.1 Communication

Council currently communicates water quality issues or changes to treatment processes to the public and media

on their website and also through their Facebook page. Customers can also contact Council’s Customer Service

Centre via email or telephone for more information on water quality issues. Council currently implements a project

specific communication plan when major works are scheduled. Kempsey Shire Council have a five year Delivery

Program and annual Operations Plan, that is provided to the community for comments on an annual basis. These

plans include information about upcoming projects for water supply as well as the expected financial costs of

these projects. Council also have a process in place for including all relevant regulatory stakeholders in the

concept and detailed design for all major water supply upgrade projects.

Council does have some formal communication procedures specific to issues such as water restrictions, drought

management and service levels. Council does develop specific communications plans for certain projects, where

community consultation will be required. Council should consider formalising how it intends to engage

stakeholders in the decision making processes for the water supply system. This shall include a communication

procedure, engagement processes and a comprehensive stakeholder list.

While communication systems have not been fully documented, Council does follow the guidance from NSW

Health in responding to public health risks and maintains communication with NSW Health and NOW when

responding to emergencies.

It is recommended that communication protocols be documented as part of an ERP. As well as including contact

details for emergency services, government stakeholders and media, the ERP should also include a contact

register for customers sensitive to minor changes in water quality (e.g. dialysis patients).

Emergency contact information for Bellbrook, Willawarrin, Stuarts Point, South West Rocks and Hat Head are

provided in the Draft Drinking Water Risk Management Plans (2008), but this information is now out of date. The

below contact list is a draft that should be reviewed and updated by Council. . An Emergency Contact List for the

Kempsey & Lower Macleay system has also been provided in the KLM DWSD (Section 6.1).

An emergency contact list for all drinking water systems needs to be developed and maintained in the Incident

and Emergency Response Plan, currently being developed, and be placed in a easily accessible electronic

location for management and staff of Council.

• Define communication protocols with the involvement of relevant agencies and prepare a contact list of key people, agencies and businesses.

• Develop a public and media communications strategy.



47 AECOM

Table 10 Contact List

Role Name Contact Details

Phone Email

Public Health Unit

(PHU)

Kerryn Lawrence

(Council point of

contact)

Ph (Kerryn): (02) 6588 2776

Mb (Kerryn): 0418 112 248

Ph (General): (02) 6588 2776

Mb (Gen AH): 0428 882 805

Kerryn.lawrence@ncah

s.health.nsw.gov.au

NSW Office of Water Graham Campbell Ph: (02) 4904 2517

Mb: 0419 620 990

Graham.Campbell@water.

nsw.gov.au

FASS General Enquiries Ph: (02) 9646 0322 -

After Hours Courier Council staff as

directed.

- -

Emergency Services - 000 -

Council records dialysis patients’ localities and contact details (including lot ID, assessment number, customer

name, contact address and phone number) in the following location:

F:\UTILITIES\Water Services\WATER\DIALYSIS MACHINES

Council does have a documented procedure, to communicate with the relevant Renal Dialysis Co-ordinators if

high chlorine concentrations are found or expected in the distribution system. This will be more reliable than trying

to keep an up to date list of dialysis patients. Council also ensures that valves in the distribution system, that could

isolate a dialysis patient from water supply, are colour capped, to ensure that inadvertent isolation of these

customers does not occur.


6.2 Incident and Emergency Response Protocols

Council currently has limited Incident & Emergency Response Procedures for incidents/emergencies. Council has

documented and currently implements a flood response management plan. Other water related documentation

includes the Blue Green Algae Management Protocol (Alert 1, 2, 3). ), which is outlined in the KLM DWSD. These

protocols have also been summarised in CCP3 for the Kempsey and Lower Macleay system, included in

Appendix B of this document.

The Drinking Water Quality Risk Assessment workshop attendees identified various tasks that will need to be

integrated into an Incident and Emergency Response Plan (for example, response procedures for contaminants

such as pathogens, other algal blooms, fuel spills, bushfire or loss of supply). Council is required to develop a

comprehensive Incident and Emergency Response Plan for all water supply services which defines these

potential incidents in relation to water quality and provides guidance in responding to these water quality

incidents.

• Define potential incidents and emergencies and document procedures and response plans with the involvement of relevant agencies.

• Train employees and regularly test emergency response plans.

• Investigate any incidents or emergencies and revise protocols as necessary.

mailto:[email protected]






48 AECOM

Emergency contact information in the event of an incident is detailed in Section 6.1. Emergency contact details

must be referenced in the IERP and be made electronically accessible in an emergency.

Response protocols should be practiced, with all staff needing to be trained in the procedures. Council needs to

plan for water quality incident response reviews to be undertaken.

Council does not currently undertake regular follow up investigations following incidents. These investigations

should include an analysis of the cause and effects of the incident, the effectiveness of the response procedures

and corrective actions required. These reviews should feed into regular updates to the IERP, as appropriate.

NSW Health provides guidance on how to respond to water quality incidents through the following protocols. Flow

charts depicting the appropriate response protocols are detailed in Appendix D.

- Microbiological failure or threat, including treatment and disinfection failure

NSW Health Response Protocol - Microbiological Quality

- Physical and Chemical Contamination

NSW Health Response Protocol - Physical and Chemical Quality

- Cyanobacterial (Blue-green algae) bloom/toxins

Regional Algal Coordinating Committee Contingency Plans

NSW Water Directorate Blue Green Algae Management Protocols

- Business interruption

NSW Water Directorate Business Continuity Management Guidelines

Additional guidance is also available for issuance of boil water alerts:

- Special Considerations During a Boil Water Alert

Precautions for schools and child care centres

Precautions for swimming pools and spas

Precautions for commercial establishments serving food or drinks

Using water header tanks

- Boil Water Alerts

Example Boil water alert E. Coli contamination





http://www.health.nsw.gov.au/environment/water/Pages/schools.aspx

http://www.health.nsw.gov.au/environment/water/Pages/pools.aspx

http://www.health.nsw.gov.au/environment/water/Pages/foodfacts.aspx

http://www.health.nsw.gov.au/environment/water/Pages/watertanks.aspx

http://www.health.nsw.gov.au/environment/water/Documents/bwa08.pdf

http://www.health.nsw.gov.au/resources/publichealth/environment/water/bwa08_pdf.asp



49 AECOM

7.0 Element 7 - Employee awareness and training

7.1 Employee Awareness and Involvement

Council demonstrates commitment to open two-way dialogue between operators and managers that allows for

any concerns to be raised.

Council runs toolbox meetings to inform the team of workplace health and safety issues. This is also an

opportunity for staff to raise any concerns or feedback in relation to any water quality management issues.

All water management stakeholders must read and agree to abide by the principles of this DWMS. This includes

adding this requirement to the role descriptions for Council employees moving forward. Council should continue to

undertake these activities and may consider developing a procedure for operator communication. Outstanding

actions to address the above requirements are detailed in Section 13.0.

7.2 Employee Training

Operational staff are managed by the Manager Water Process, whose role it is to:

- ensure these employees hold sufficient experience

- ensure employees have the appropriate qualifications for their roles

- coordinate training courses for staff (where required)

- manage financial resourcing for training

Council’s Human Resources team maintains records of all staff training including: licenses, ticket numbers and

expiry dates. Examples of training include:

- NOW training courses (i.e. WTP Processes – Part 1 and 2, Certificate 2 and 3)

- Construction Green Card

- Occupational Health and Safety Induction

- Fluoride training courses

Council undertakes various internal training courses for its staff. Council is required to formalise internal on the job

training processes – documenting the training content, processes and attendance. Council should continue to

undertake these activities, however no additional actions need to be undertaken to address the requirements of

this component of the Framework.

• Develop mechanisms and communication procedures to increase employees’ awareness of and participation in drinking water quality management.

• Ensure that employees, including contractors, maintain the appropriate experience and qualifications.

• Identify training needs and ensure resources are available to support training programs.

• Document training and maintain records of all employee training.



50 AECOM

8.0 Element 8 - Community Involvement and Awareness

8.1 Community Consultation

Council engages with the local community to communicate issues around water management. Council undertakes

these roles proactively through:

- Waterwise Schools Program

- Kempsey Shire Council Facebook Page (www.facebook.com/KempseyShireCouncil)

- Kempsey Shire Council Website (www.kempsey.nsw.gov.au)

- Monthly council meetings

As of February 2014 council did not have a comprehensive strategy for community consultation. Council needs to

assess the requirements for effective community involvement and develop a strategy for effective community

consultation in regard to water quality management.


8.2 Communication

As discussed in Section 5.2, the community are welcome to provide feedback by contacting Council’s Customer

Service Centre, through email or telephone.

Council communicates water quality issues to the public and media on their website and Facebook page.

However, council currently does not have a contact database for major clients and stakeholders.

Council maintains relationships with local community groups such as Save the Macleay at Bellbrook.

Council may consider providing water quality data on residents rates notices and/or publishing some of this data

on their website. Outstanding actions to address the above requirements are detailed in Section 13.0.

• Assess requirements for effective community involvement.

• Develop a comprehensive strategy for community consultation.

• Develop an active two-way communication program to inform consumers and promote awareness of drinking water quality issues.

http://www.facebook.com/KempseyShireCouncil

http://www.kempsey.nsw.gov.au/



51 AECOM

9.0 Element 9 - Research and Development

9.1 Investigative Studies and Research Monitoring

In February 2014 Council held a drinking water quality risk assessment workshop to better understand their

system and the risks that affect water quality. Through open dialogue between plant operators and the Manager

Water Process there is continuous feedback regarding the systems and how they behave.

Council have access to the NSW Health Drinking Water Database to facilitate analysis of water quality information

in the distribution. Council predominantly rely on manual sampling and testing for operational control. Council

should strongly consider investing in online monitoring at all CCPs. This would provide greater process control, as

immediate notification would be provided in the event an alert limit is exceeded. Importantly, it would also provide

the opportunity of an immediate response in the event a critical limit is exceeded (such as triggering a plant shut

down). Online monitoring would also provide useful data for analysis of performance of processes used to control

hazards at CCPs and would improve understanding of the treatment effectiveness more generally.

Investigative studies that council has undertaken or participated in include:

- Implementation of corrective actions outlined in NOW inspector reports

- Water quality sampling and testing in response to water quality complaints

- Groundwater water quality investigation (Macleay Coastal aquifer)

- Study into the arsenic uptake by vegetation (University of New England research project)

- Microbial raw water quality from the Crescent Head settling pond 2013

- Arsenic concentrations from river water and various bores supplying Bellbrook 2005-6

- Microbial raw and disinfected water quality from the Thungutti infiltration well 2010-11

- NSW Health Total Organic Carbon survey 2008

- Crescent Head Disinfection By-products 2012

- Stuarts Point pesticide project 2011

Council is currently engaged in projects to look at DBPs in Hat Head and inorganic chemistry in the Crescent

Head bores.

Council should review and analyse water quality performance using available water quality data.


• Establish programs to increase understanding of the water supply system.

• Use information to improve management of the water supply system.



52 AECOM

9.2 Validation of Processes

Validation is the process of objectively checking the performance of the processes, procedures and controls in

place to ensure they are effective and so that drinking water remains safe.

With respect to existing processes and procedures, the drinking water quality risk assessment workshop included

a review of the existing control measures and their effectiveness was assessed for each hazard.

Validation is particularly important when changes are made to the operation of a water supply system or WTP, or

when system components are upgraded. Validation should also be undertaken for new systems. This should

involve reviewing existing processes and procedures to ensure they adequately address the changes being

made, and if they don’t, updating them.

Chlorine contact time (CT) is an indicator used to determine the effectiveness of the chlorine disinfection process.

CT is calculated using Equation 1:

CT (mg. min

L) = Chlorine residual (

mg

L) × Time (mins)

Equation 1 – Chlorine contact time

where chlorine residual (mg/L) is measured as final water (leaving the WTP) and time is the estimated time to

nearest customer (including reservoir turnover time).

ADWG guidelines specify that “in clean water, a combined available residual chlorine level of 0.5 mg/L after a

contact time of 30 minutes should be sufficient to ensure microbial control, given to a clean distribution system

and no significant recontamination”; this equates to a CT value of 15 mg.min/L. However, factors such as mixing

influence the CT calculation, and pH and temperature influence the required contact time for disinfection.

Council currently do not have a good understanding of the CT in any of its water supply systems, nor does it have

sufficient design information to accurately calculate it. Most systems have storages following the chlorine dosing

point.

A CT calculator table is provided below in Table 11 and a MS Excel spreadsheet has been developed to

automatically calculate CT. Council will need to confirm the various gaps in data including: distance to nearest

customer, diameter of supply pipeline, maximum flow rate, volume of reservoirs, minimum reservoir depth to

confirm the CT values for specific supply systems. This information should be updated in the MS Excel

spreadsheet and Table 11 replaced.

Council should continue to undertake validation of performance of new or upgraded water infrastructure. Council

should revalidate existing processes as part of regular reviews of the DWMS risk assessment. These tasks have

been captured in Section 13.0 - Implementation Plan.

• Validate processes and procedures to ensure that they are effective in controlling hazards.

• Revalidate processes periodically or when variations in conditions occur.



53 AECOM

Table 11 CT calculator table

Tank Pipeline to nearest customer Total Ct

Flow rate

(max) Volume

Min Depth in Res

Min Volume

Chlorine residual1

(min)

Tank CT (min)

Diameter supply

pipe

Cross-sectional area pipe

Distance Chlorine residual1

(min)

Pipe CT (min)

Total Ct (min)

Units L/min L % L mg/L (mg.min)/L m m2 m mg/L (mg.min)/L (mg.min)/L

Reference a b c d e f g h i j k l

Equation INPUT INPUT INPUT = b.c INPUT = (d.e) / a INPUT = pi . (g/2)^2 INPUT INPUT = (1/1000) .

(h.i) / a = k + f

Supply System

Reservoir

KLM Greenhill TBC 9,100,000 TBC - 1.4 - TBC - TBC TBC - -

KLM Potters Hill TBC 13,600,000 TBC - 1.4 - TBC - TBC TBC - -

KLM John Lane TBC 3,5000,000 TBC - 1.4 - TBC - TBC TBC - -

KLM Greenhill

(Sherwood)

TBC 9,100,000

TBC - 1.4 - TBC - TBC TBC - -

Bellbrook Reservoir TBC 100,000 TBC - 1.5 - TBC - 50 0.3 - -

Crescent

Head

Back Beach

Reservoir TBC 2,500,000 TBC - 4 - TBC - 50 1.5 - -

Hat Head Reservoir (0.7ML) TBC 700,000 TBC - 1 - TBC - 500 0.3 - -

Reservoir (1.1ML) TBC 1,100,000 TBC - 1 - TBC - 500 0.3 - -

Stuarts

Point

Stuarts Point

Reservoir TBC 3,200,000 TBC - 1.3 - TBC - 50 0.3 - -

South West

Rocks

Surge Tank +

Gregory St Steel

Reservoir

TBC 15,000,000 TBC - 2 - TBC - 50 0.3 - -

Willawarrin Reservoir TBC 140,000 TBC - 1 - TBC - 50 0.7 - -

NOTE:

1 Values are based on CCP targets for chlorine residual agreed in the February 2014 Risk Assessment.



54 AECOM

9.3 Design of Equipment

A validation process does not currently exist for new equipment installation. For significant changes to the drinking

water systems Council generally engages external consultants to review the effectiveness of new equipment

design and/or installation. Council also engages with the regulatory bodies, such as NSW Office of Water, when

undertaking concept and detailed designs for new systems. In general Council undertakes concept and detailed

designs for large infrastructure projects, prior to construction. For smaller or single supplier specific projects,

Council undertakes a Design and Construct projects.

Validation may be undertaken by reviewing external research and information, manufacturer’s guarantees, and by

using witness, commissioning and demonstration periods to validate process performance and reliability of water

quality compliance. When quoting or tendering for new systems, the validation performance criteria, as outlined

above, are used as part of the formal evaluation of the tenders. Council has no formal guidelines for validated

procurement, tendering or evaluating tenders and Council should consider implementing a formal procedure.

Design of new equipment shall consider the systems’ ability to withstand impact from natural disasters.

Supplementing a system with elements for contingencies, can help ensure the reliability of a system and reduce

the risk of down time and/or potential contamination. All new infrastructure must be approved by the Office of

Water in accordance with section 60 of the Local Government Act 1993,

Council is required to develop a validation process, actions relating to this requirement have been captured in Section 13.0 - Implementation Plan.

• Validate the selection and design of new equipment and infrastructure to ensure continuing reliability.



55 AECOM

10.0 Element 10 - Documentation and Reporting

10.1 Management of Documentation and Records

As of May 2014, Council had documented some aspects of its management of drinking water; however this

documentation is not comprehensive. In developing this DWMS, areas lacking in documentation have been

identified and are documented in Section 13.0.

Council maintains a central document control system (TRIM) that encompasses all council documents. CivicView

is another document management system that council uses to manage work orders and Customer complaints.

Council shall develop a regular review process for all water management related documents, outlining review

frequency, date and document responsibility to ensure these documents are current and relevant. Council is also

required to train staff in how to access and manage water management documents on this system. Actions to

address this requirement have been captured in Section 13.0 - Implementation Plan.

10.2 Reporting

Council has informal communication lines between plant operators and the Manager Water Process. Any water

quality exceedances and/or issues with the plant will be communicated directly to the Technical Officer Water

Process.

The plant operator also communicates upwardly to the Technical Officer Water Process on a daily basis (and/or

as needs). The Technical Officer Water Process communicates upwardly to the Manager Water Process on a

daily basis and provides water quality related information at regular Process team meetings, or as required.

Information is reported through the various NOW requirements under the NSW Water Supply and Sewerage

Strategic Business Planning Guidelines.

Water quality data results are communicated to external parties through the State of Environment (SOE) reports

and reported to NOW for the purpose of the NSW Water Supply and Sewerage - Performance Monitoring reports

and the Water Supply and Sewerage – NSW Benchmarking Reports. The NOW reports are available for

members of the public to download, as are the SOE reports.

Council should consider implementing a monthly water quality performance report to be supplied to councillors

and uploaded to Council’s website along with the KPI reports currently provided.

Actions to address this requirement have been captured in Section 13.0 - Implementation Plan.

• Document information pertinent to all aspects of drinking water quality management.

• Develop a document control system to ensure current versions are in use.

• Establish a records management system and ensure that employees are trained to fill out records.

• Periodically review documentation and revise as necessary.

• Establish procedures for effective internal and external reporting.

• Produce an annual report to be made available to consumers, regulatory authorities and stakeholders.



56 AECOM

11.0 Element 11 - Evaluation and Audit

11.1 Long-Term Evaluation of Results

As mentioned previously, long term water quality data is available through the NSW Health Water Quality

Database and this data was used as part of the drinking water risk assessments. Council documents and reports

water quality monitoring results to NSW Office of Water as described in Section 10.2.

Council is currently in the process of capturing historical handwritten water quality data into electronic spread-

sheets and operators now enter all data directly into electronic spreadsheets.

Council may consider developing in-house evaluation procedures for the assessment of long-term data. This is

particularly important when vying for new equipment and/or infrastructure funding. Actions relating to addressing

these requirements have been captured in Section 13.0 - Implementation Plan.

11.2 Audit of Drinking Water Quality

A gap analysis of Councils’ water quality management procedures against the requirements of the ADWG was

completed in February 2014. The results of this gap analysis were used in the development of this DWMS and are

a form of internal audit.

Informal inspections of the system are carried out by operators and external inspections are performed by NOW

inspectors, with inspection reports used to target improvements.

Council and the PHU have agreed to conduct annual internal review meetings of the DWMS and Implementation

Plan. NSW Office of Water may also attend these annual review meetings. External audit frequency requirements

will be determined in consultation with the NSW Health Public Health Unit. For external audits, Council will be

required to engage an independent auditor approved by the Public Health Unit. It is also noted that NSW Health

can, in the meantime, audit the DWMS at any time. NOW inspectors and local Public Health Unit environmental

health officers will also undertake external audits on various areas of the DWMS and will record the results.

Hence it is essential that Council maintains this document and continues to address outstanding actions as per

the Implementation Plan detailed in Section 13.0.

• Collect and evaluate long-term data to assess performance and identify problems.

• Document and report results.

• Establish processes for internal and external audits.

• Document and communicate audit results.



57 AECOM

12.0 Element 12 - Review and Continual Improvement

12.1 Review by senior executive

As this is a new document, Council does not currently have a process in place for senior executive to review the

DWMS. Council is required to instigate a process by which the effectiveness of the DWMS will be reviewed and

updated when required improvements are identified. Notwithstanding the agreed internal review dates, the DWMS

should be reviewed and updated in the event of significant changes to the water supply or management systems,

with a formal review by Council occurring annually.

Actions relating to this requirement have been captured in Section 13.0 - Implementation Plan.

12.2 Drinking Water Quality Management Improvement Plan

The Implementation Plan in Section 13.0 of this document captures the recommended improvements identified

through the system and risk assessment and noted throughout this document. Additional actions have been

identified in the drinking water quality risk assessment workshops, and have also been included in the

Implementation Plan.

Corrective actions issued by NOW inspectors and local Public Health Unit environmental health officers that relate

to drinking water quality should also be included in the Implementation Plan.

The Implementation Plan includes indicative dates and the nominated responsible party. The Implementation Plan

should be periodically reviewed to ensure actions implemented are removed from the plan, and new actions

added to it. The completion of actions should also be documented under the relevant section of this DWMS. A

large proportion of the Implementation Plan was developed in 2013, during the development of the KLM DWSD. ,

Kempsey Shire Council, in conjunction with the Local Health Unit, will be undertaking a comprehensive review of

this plan by the end of November 2014. This review will identify actions that have been completed and changes in

responsibilities and when they are to be actioned. This plan will be maintained ongoing as an excel document, as

a working document.

Actions relating to this requirement have been captured in Section 13.0 - Implementation Plan.

• Senior executive review of the effectiveness of the management system.

• Evaluate the need for change.

• Develop a drinking water quality management improvement plan.

• Ensure that the plan is communicated and implemented, and that improvements are monitored for effectiveness.



58 AECOM

13.0 Implementation Plan

Actions arising from the gap analysis and the drinking water quality risk assessment workshop are outlined in the table below. Council should continue to develop this

Implementation Plan, removing items as actions are implemented, and adding items as additional actions are identified. As each action is completed, the relevant section(s)

should be updated to reflect this. This implementation plan has been combined with the plan developed for the Kempsey, Lower Macleay systems.

Each action has been prioritised as Very High, High, Medium or Low. Very High and High risks should be addressed urgently, and as such, these actions should be addressed

first. An Implementation Plan was developed initially in 2013, following the development of the KLM DWSD, and action dates were identified at this time. The actions identified

in conjunction with AECOM have been integrated with the 2013 actions, into one implementation plan. As the original document and dates were developed in 2013, Kempsey

Shire Council, in conjunction with the Local Health Unit, will be undertaking a comprehensive review of this plan by the end of November 2014. This review will identify actions

that have been completed and changes in responsibilities and when they are to be actioned. This plan will be maintained ongoing as an excel document, as a working

document.

Table 12 Implementation Plan

Act

ion

No

.

Sup

ply

Sys

tem

Risk No

Init

ial R

isk

Re

sid

ual

Ris

k Outstanding Actions Who When

1.01 All -

L - To develop a KSC Drinking Water Policy and integrate into the Strategic Business Plan. - Gain formal endorsement and support of the DWMS from senior executive, including ensuring that organisation activities support effective water quality management such as providing appropriate staffing, financial and training resources and reporting performance to the board or chief executive.

MWP 31-Jan-14

1.02 All -

L - Update stakeholder/relevant agencies list to comprehensively identify all stakeholders who could affect, or be affected by, decisions or activities of the drinking water supplier. Where possible, this list should also identify the accountabilities and responsibilities of relevant agencies in support of the water supplier. this list will be included in this DWMS (in the main body) and maintained as a separate document referenced in Appendix D. It is also recommended that the contact register be inserted on a separate page so that It may be easily printed and posted on workplace walls. An up to date record of key contacts is to be developed and made available in TRIM

MWP 30-Mar-14

1.03 All -

H - A number of procedures for corrective actions at operational sites need to be developed for each of the supply areas. - Develop detailed procedures for corrective actions regarding control of CCPs (using the corrective actions identified in the workshop as a starting point). These procedures need to include details such as required adjustments, additional monitoring, recording, reporting and responsibilities and authorities (relating to things such as notifications within the organisation and externally).

WTO 30-Mar-14



59 AECOM

Act

ion

No

.

Sup

ply

Sys

tem

Risk No

Init

ial R

isk

Re

sid

ual

Ris


1.04 All Kem

- VH H - KSC is to prepare a chemical supply contract that incorporates quality assurance program for the supply of treatment chemicals, and an operational procedure for the acceptance and delivery of chemicals to treatment sites.

WTO 30-Mar-14

1.05 All -

M KSC to prepare a summary document on the monitoring program that identifies the verification and operational monitoring conducted on the water supply. Standard operational procedures are to be prepared on the sampling and testing program.

WTO 30-Jun-14

1.06 All KLM S 6.1 H KSC to document the type of customer complaint relating to water quality issues in the following categories (illness, taste & odour, dirty water, blue water, air or white water, and other), to assist with the characterisation of the issues in the treated water supplies. Water technical operational staffs with appropriate knowledge are to review the incoming complaints, respond to and record relevant water quality data and actions to rectify the issue. The record of incoming complaints and response actions will form part of the management reporting requirements.

MWP 30-Mar-14

1.07 All DM5, W5 & W10 VH H - Incident & Emergency Response Plan to be developed which includes communication, responses and reporting requirements and provide appropriate training for all staff on the introduction of the Plan. The Plan is to identify key supply zones and detailed emergecy contact list. - Develop a process for investigation following incidents and emergencies and document this process. Include in this process a mechanism for revision of any emergency protocols, where an investigation demonstrates it is required.

MWP 30-Mar-14

2.01 Kem KLM S 3.4.1

L KSC to address the long term need for the Belgrave Falls facility and to remove redundant infrastructure if deemed non-operational.

MWP 30-Jun-15

2.02 Kem KLM S 3.4.2

L Management to determine the viability of maintaining Kinchela as an emergency supply as the site has operational issues and cannot become operational in a short term.

MWP 30-Jun-15

2.03 All C1, C2 H M Introduce a Community education program to raise awareness of the need to minimise pollution to water bodies. MWP 30-Jun-15

2.04 All C1 H M Develop a map of high risk septic tank locations within the catchment for review by SDS (Sustainable Development Services) for integration into their Septic Tank monitoring program.

MWP 30-Jun-15

2.05 All C1 H M - Upgrade existing GIS mapping systems with water infrastructure such as pipelines, easements, valve locations, sampling locations - Develop a GIS mapping layer identifying high priority risk zones within catchment.

MWP 30-Jun-15

2.06 Kem C1, C3, C5,B1 H M Establish MoU with adjacent land holders on WQ protection zones (for pathogen control and agricultural chemicals) and notification procedures for flood and bushfire impact concerns.

MWP 30-Jun-15



60 AECOM

Act

ion

No

.

Sup

ply

Sys

tem

Risk No

Init

ial R

isk

Re

sid

ual

Ris


2.07 Kem C1, C2 H M Develop and implement a catchment risk program to identify pathogens of concern in conjunction with NSW Health MWP 30-Jun-15

2.08 All C2, C4, B3, B5 Haz ID: 5.01, 5.02

H M - Introduce a normal conditions and flood event sampling project to understand the pathogen and Antinomy and Arsenic load levels in river and bores. - Consider developing operational management procedures for arsenic (SP (Dynasand) and BB)

MWP 30-Jun-14

2.09 Kem C3,DM1, DM3 VH M Water treatment plant installation to control pathogens, turbidity and agricultural chemicals. MWP Not determined

2.1 All C3, C5, C8 VH M - Establish notification and response procedures with emergency services for bushfire, flood, chemical spills and traffic incidents that may impact on water ways. Signage on major upstream roads and river crossings.- Identify possible water quality related incidents and emergency scenarios (the risk assessment should be used as a basis) and document these potential scenarios in an Incident and Emergency Response Plan. Document procedures and response plans to address these incidents (can refer to guideline protocols from NSW Health as provided in the DWMS). Add to the ERP particular processes that are required to address severe hazard / emergency scenarios, such as algal blooms, fuel spills, bushfire etc. The development of these protocols should involve relevant agencies.- Council should also consider integrating a non-conformance reporting system into the ERP. Council may also consider integrating this with the customer complaint system to streamline the resolution of issues once they arise.

MWP 30-Dec-14

2.11 Kem C6 M L Continue to support CMA land improvement projects in the river buffer zones to help control nutrient runoff. MWP 30-Jun-16

2.12 All C7, B3 VH M KSC to prepare a flood response protocol for the protection of the water supply (including Bore operation). MWP 30-Jun-14

2.13 Kem C8 VH L - KSC Emergency Management Plan to be updated to include potential water quality incidents in the catchment. - Establish a rapid communication system (for internal and external communication) to deal with unexpected events. It is recommended this be included in the Emergency Response Plan that is addressed below.

MWP 30-Jun-16

2.14 Kem C8 VH L SOP to be developed on the operation of the bores and recharge channel. WTO 30-Jun-15



61 AECOM

Act

ion

No

.

Sup

ply

Sys

tem

Risk No

Init

ial R

isk

Re

sid

ual

Ris


2.15 Kem B1 M M KSC to purchase land surrounding the bore field when the opportunity arises, to isolate external risks. MWP 30-Jun-16

2.16 All (bores)

B2 H M Fencing around bore pumps to restrict animal access. Restrict use of bores where animal access is possible until fencing able to be undertaken

MWP 30-Jun-15

2.17 Kem B3, B4 H H Initiate a Bore inspection and preventative maintenance program. WTO 30-Mar-14

2.18 Kem DM1 VH L Update the SMDam Management Plan Alert Level Framework to include Bio volumes and cell numbers notification, and T&O alert levels.

WTO 30-Mar-14

2.19 Kem DM1 VH L Program regular maintenance for the SMD off-take gates. WTO 31-Jan-14

2.2 Kem DM1 VH L Upgrade the SMD Operational weekly task list to include Algae monitoring. WTO 31-Jan-14

2.21 Kem DM2 VH M Monthly monitoring program for indicator microbiological levels at take-off point of SMD WTO 31-Mar-14

2.22 Kem DM2 VH M Initiate a monitoring program to determine chlorine resistant pathogens loads at SMD take-off points. WTO 31-Mar-14

2.23 Kem DM3 VH M Routine operational monitoring for turbidity to be initiated at WTP with preference to online meters. WTO 31-Jan-14

2.24 All DM3 VH M Additional turbidity monitoring to be conducted after storm events. WTO 31-Mar-14

2.25 Kem DM3 VH M Revegetation around SMD to reduce sediment and nutrient loads during wind and rainfall events. WTO Ongoing

2.26 Kem DM3 VH M Include the selection of off takes into the SMD Operational Procedure. WTO 30-Jun-14

2.27 Kem DM4 VH L Incorporate inspection of and recording of operational hours of the SMD aeration line blowers into the SMD site procedure. WTO 31-Jan-14

2.28 Kem DM4 VH L A routine maintenance schedule for the SMD aeration line blowers to be developed. MWP 30-Jun-14

2.29 Kem DM5 VH L Develop an emergency response procedure for changes in source water quality. MWP 30-Dec-14

2.3 Kem DM5 VH L Review and update the SMD Bushfire prevention plan. MWP 30-Dec-14

2.31 Kem DM6, DM7 H L To monitor animal numbers and introduce an 'animal control' program in the secured SMD area when required. WTO 30-Dec-14



62 AECOM

Act

ion

No

.

Sup

ply

Sys

tem

Risk No

Init

ial R

isk

Re

sid

ual

Ris


2.32 Kem DM6 M L Include SMD perimeter and water surface inspections into site management procedures to monitor and minimise native and feral animal access to storage.

WTO 31-Jan-14

2.33 Kem DM8 M L Consider the installation of CCTV at tower bridge to observe vandals and vermin activity. MWP 30-Jun-16

2.34 Kem TSH1 VH M Require the installation of Chlorine dosing interlocks with Bore pumps. MWP Immediately

2.35 Kem TSH2, TSH 1, TSM1, TSM 2

VH H Online monitoring to be installed at Sherwood Lime plant & Greenhill Reservoir to measure and control chlorine dosing. Chlorine gas cylinder scales need to be installed and connected SCADA for remote monitoring.

MWP 30-Dec-14

2.36 Kem TSH3 L L Critical supplies to be sourced for Lime doing system. Weekly cleaning of Lime dosing system pipe work.

WTO 30-Jun-14

2.37 Kem TSH4 L L Install online pH monitoring after treatment at the Sherwood Lime plant. WTO 30-Jun-15

2.38 Kem TSM1 VH M Alarms to be installed on Hypo dosing pumps including the installation of automated duty standby dosing pumps. WTO 30-Jun-14

2.39 Kem TSM1, TSH1, T1,W2, W9

VH VH Introduce a 'permit to work' approval system for all maintenance and isolations at key dosing sites. Improve communications between KSC business units for prior notification for all contractor works programed and include training of all staff on the prior notification of works programed and site visiting requirements - access permit introduction.

MWP & MWO

30-Jun-14

2.4 Kem TSM3 VH L Introduce a treatment chemical stocktake system to monitor chemical stocks and turnover rates. MWP 30-Jun-14

2.41 Kem TSM3 VH L Install automatic level sensors and alarms for Critical low level on Hypochlorite storage tanks or replace hypo system with chlorine gas system.

MWP 30-Jun-16

2.42 Kem T1 VH H Back to base security alarm system required for key treatment facilities. WTO 30-Jun-14

2.43 Kem T1 VH H Installation of a secure compound for the Lime dosing site at the Sherwood Lime Plant. WTO 30-Dec-14

2.44 Kem T2, D3 VH H Investigate the possibility of emergency power sources for chemical dosing and transfer pumps to maintain supply and dosing for major reservoirs.

WTO 30-Dec-14

2.45 Kem R1 VH M Secure Greenhill Reservoir from bird activity and Potters Hills with secure mesh as reported in Reservoir inspection program. WTO Check

2.46 Kem R1 VH M Formalise actions identified from inspection program. WTO Check



63 AECOM

Act

ion

No

.

Sup

ply

Sys

tem

Risk No

Init

ial R

isk

Re

sid

ual

Ris


2.47 Kem R1 VH M KSC to have a electronic document pathway for storing reports on assets (e.g.. Reservoir inspections). WTO 31-Mar-14

2.48 Kem R2 VH M To prevent unauthorised access to reservoirs, security compounds are required for John Lane (vandalised), Potters Hill, and an upgrade of the external ladder access for all reservoirs.

MWP 30-Jun-16

2.49 All R3 H M Include inspections after all storm event within the Reservoir Inspection Procedure. WTO 30-Mar-14

2.5 Kem R4 H L Modification required of inlet/outlets on reservoirs or installation of diversion plates, to prevent sediment disturbance. MWP 30-Jun-16

2.51 Kem R5, R6, R7 VH VH Top up disinfection dosage rates/regimes needs to be documented and available on site, for all Reservoirs to overcome low or inadequate disinfection levels. Include quality control checks prior to top up dosing.

WTO 30-Mar-14

2.52 Kem R5 Haz ID: 7.01

H M - Introduce online chlorine monitoring and secondary dosing at key sites. MWP 30-Jun-15

2.53 Kem R5, R7 VH VH Clybucca Res to have a motorised valve installed to improve water level turnover. MWP 30-Jun-15

2.54 Kem R5, R6 VH H Interlock control placed on all primary disinfection systems. MWP 30-Jun-15

2.55 Kem R7 VH VH To adjust fill cycle in John Lane as it has suspended sediments on wall. WTO 30-Mar-14

2.56 Kem R7 VH VH Flow meter monitoring or derived flow monitoring on outlet of reservoirs. MWP & MWO

30-Jun-15

2.57 Kem R7 VH VH Installation of directional nozzles/mixers in the Reservoirs. MWP 30-Jun-15

2.58 Kem R7 VH VH Propose a water carting fill station installation at Clybucca to encourage turnover of reservoir. MWS 30-Mar-14

2.59 Kem R8, W7, W2 VH VH To formulate a Safety and WQ induction program for all contract staff that have access to water supply facilities and conduct in house training for maintenance staff on WQ protection.

MWP 30-Mar-14

2.6 Kem R9 VH H Include SOP for alternative or emergency supplies or water restriction implementation. Include procedure for taking Greenhill Res offline.

MWP & MWS

30-Jun-14

2.61 All R9 VH H Include drawings of Reservoirs in ASAM. MWP 30-Jun-14



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2.62 Kem R9 VH H Upgrade telemetry at reservoir sites and include a review of the critical levels set and associated alarms for individual reservoirs. MWP & MWO

30-Jun-15

2.63 All D1 Haz ID: 10.01

VH VH - KSC to enforce a regular back flow inspection and maintenance program based on priority and risk, with a priority on booster pump station supply areas. - Consider backflow prevention device inspection program

MWO 30-Jun-14

2.64 All D1 VH VH KSC to maintain an up to date register of high risk connections. MWS 30-Mar-14

2.65 All D1 VH VH KSC to ensure compliance to plumbing codes for back flow prevention and high risk areas. MWO 30-Jun-14

2.66 Kem D2 VH H Maintenance crews require separate repair equipment and clothing for water main works, and wash down & disinfection procedures TBD for equipment that can not be duplicated.

MWO 30-Jun-14

2.67 Kem D2 VH H Storage of water main repair & installation materials to be improved to prevent contamination from vermin, debris and faecal material.

MWO 30-Dec-14

2.68 Kem D2 VH H Re-chlorination program for mains TBD, including the requirement for staff to measure disinfection levels after repair work. MWO &MWP

30-Dec-14

2.69 Kem D2, D5 VH H Work Order Action sheet to be modified to include valve maintenance issues identified, and conduct training for staff on identifying the condition rating of the mains.

MWO 30-Dec-14

2.7 All D2 VH H Main breaks information layer to be placed on MapInfo. MWO 30-Dec-14

2.71 All D2 VH H Civic View requires updating on new mains installed for the last 10 years. MWS 30-Dec-14

2.72 Kem D3 VH H Alternative power to be installed for power outages on pressurised zones (Burnt Bridge & Everinghams Lane) or investigate alternative water supplies (i.e. tank on tower).

MWO 30-Dec-14

2.73 Kem D3 VH H KSC to Initiate a routine maintenance program for all supply pressure pumps and records to be stored in asset register. MWO 30-Mar-13

2.74 Kem D4, D5 H H KSC to initiate a distribution valve identification, marking and maintenance program. MapInfo layer to include valve orientation. MWO 30-Jun-14

2.75 Kem D4, D5 H H Maintenance staff to be trained on valve operation and flushing after repairs including an implementation of a valve 'Check Sheet' with tagging system.

MWO 30-Jun-14

2.76 Kem D4, D6,D8 H H Control biofilm levels within the distribution by conducting a regular mains cleaning program. Problem areas to be placed on routine flushing programs with the linking of mains where possible and 'dead ends' minimised in new developments.

MWP & MWO

30-Jun-14



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2.77 All D4 H H Review customer complaints to identify dirty main areas. MWP & MWO

30-Jun-14

2.78 Kem D5 H H KSC policy to include acquisition of RH closing valves to be standardised. MWO 30-Jun-14

2.79 Kem D6 H H Identify and list sites for Mains Replacement program. MWO Ongoing

2.8 Kem D7 VH L KSC to investigate a notification procedure to inform carters if there is a main breaks or supply issue for fill stations (4 fill stations for all of KSC). SDS to inform Water division of auditing of carters.

MWO 30-Dec-14

2.81 All D8 M L Communication procedure to be initiated between KSC and Rural Fire services for prior notification of RFS exercises to prevent disturbances of mains.

MWP 30-Dec-15

2.82 Kem D9 VH VH All new mains to be inspected and have a disinfection program and verification before connection. MWP & MWO

30-Dec-14

2.83 Kem W1 H L To have an encouraging and supportive work environment. To prepare a succession planning process and implement the proposed new salary scheme.

GM 30-Mar-14

2.84 Kem W3 H H Introduce a 'water by agreement' (WBA) to customers on rising main that the WQ may be variable for drinking (highly chlorinated). Annual notification sent to customers reminding them of the WBA.

MWS 30-Dec-14

2.85 Kem W4, W6 VH H Upgrade the telemetry and SCADA system (alarms and controls) for all sites. On call staff to regularly check Radtel and SCADA for system alarms. Duplicate (mirrored service) for monitoring for key sites. To increase in-house staff knowledge of the system and introduce security access levels.

MWP & MWO

30-Jun-15

2.86 Kem W7, W2 VH VH Council to have a list of preferred providers that are appropriately trained and competent. MWP & MWO

30-Mar-14

2.87 Kem W7 VH VH Procurement controls to be introduced through stores to ensure that all sourced materials are fit for contact with potable water.

MWP & MWO

30-Jun-14

2.88 Kem W8 VH L Ensure that all online and portable instrumentation is included in the cyclic maintenance program. WTO 30-Jun-15



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2.89 All W11 VH H -Asset Management Condition Assessment and Replacement program to include the whole of supply. - Continue developing the existing asset registers to develop an electronic database that includes details such as; age of infrastructure; expected life; last service date; maintenance frequency; manufacturer; recorded failures; responsibility for maintenance; operational procedures; and records for maintenance of equipment (including calibration). This should include any monitoring instrumentation.

MWS 30-Dec-14

2.9 Kem W12 VH H Security (CCTV) on high risk sites. MWP 30-Jun-15

2.91 Kem W13, Ov 4.5.2 VH VH KSC to establish a centralised water quality data base for the recording of operational and compliance monitoring, including response to WQ incidents and abnormal results. Field operators need online data entry facilities and automated notification for abnormal results. The data base is to have the ability to produce reports, trend graphs and alert notifications (including site events).

MWP 30-Jun-14

2.92 All W14 VH VH All key sites to have process online monitoring connected to alarms. MWP 30-Jun-15

2.93 Kem W14 VH VH SOP for critical tasks to be developed and competency based training on SOP's. Relevant and up to date training for all staff.

WTO 30-Jun-14

2.94 ALL ADWG Element: 1.1 - H - Develop and implement a staff awareness program for the water quality policy and make the policy visible to all employees. MWP 1-Nov-14

2.95 ALL ADWG Element: 1.2 - M - Develop a formal requirements register covering all responsibilities water and wastewater related activities, including requirements for the management of water quality. This register should then be referenced in this section of the DWMS.

MWP 1-Jun-15

2.96 ALL ADWG Element: 1.2 - M - Develop, document and implement a formal process for reviewing formal requirements every 12 months or where there are any changes to councils' activities or formal requirements.

MWP 1-Jun-15

2.97 ALL ADWG Element: 1.2 - M - Develop and implement a staff awareness program for relevant water quality obligations relating to their areas of responsibility.

MWP 1-Jun-15

2.98 ALL ADWG Element: 1.3 - M - Develop appropriate mechanisms for stakeholder commitment and involvement. Document the planned approach (including partnership agreements or MoUs).

MWP 1-Jun-15

2.99 ALL ADWG Element: 1.3 - L - Develop a regular review process to update the list of stakeholders. Ensure contact details are current and all relevant parties are involved in engagement processes.

MWP 1-Jun-16



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3 ALL ADWG Element: 2.1 and 2.2

- H - Develop a central electronic spread sheet to record results of operational sampling and testing to allow these results to be easily reviewed and analysed. - Enter all water quality monitoring data into electronic spreadsheets on a weekly basis. Allows for ease of data processing.

MWP 1-Nov-14

3.01 ALL ADWG Element: 2.1 - M - The water supply system analysis, including the flow charts and catchment characteristics, will be reviewed internally in 12 months, and upon any significant changes to any of the water supply systems. The review process and records of the outcomes of these reviews should be documented.

MWP 1-Jun-15

3.02 ALL ADWG Element: 2.2 - M - The assessment of the water quality performance data should be reviewed every 12 months, and upon any significant changes to any of the water supply systems. Review will assess any seasonal trends, consistent exceedences or other potential water quality issues. The formal review process and records of the outcomes of these reviews should be documented.

MWP 1-Jun-15

3.03 ALL ADWG Element: 2.3 - M - The hazard identification and risk assessment should be reviewed every five years, and upon any significant changes to any of the water supply systems. The review process and records of the outcomes of these reviews should be documented.

MWP 1-Jun-15

3.04 ALL ADWG Element: 3.1 - L - The identification and evaluation of preventative measures should be reviewed every five years, and upon any significant changes to any of the water supply systems. The review should also consider whether existing control measures are being undertaken, their effectiveness and whether they are appropriately documented and formalised. The review process and records of the outcomes of these reviews should be documented.

MWP 1-Jun-16

3.05 HH 2014 Risk Assessment, Haz ID: 2.03

- M - Council to investigate options for improved solids removal. i.e. additional baffle on collection chamber MWP 1-Jun-15

3.06 CH 2014 Risk Assessment, Haz ID: 7.04

- M - Council should investigate options for organics removal and hence remove the need for chloramination for THM control. MWP 1-Jun-15

3.07 BB 2014 Risk Assessment, Haz ID: 9.01

- H - Investigate disconnecting the interconnection MWP 1-Nov-14

3.08 All 2014 Risk Assessment, Haz ID: 10.01

- H - Consider additional filling points (backflow prevention compliant) for water carters and tankers (with future recycled water filling option i.e. non-potable)

MWP 1-Nov-14



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- H - Consider implementing process for organics removal to improve chlorine residual in Crescent Head reservoirs MWP 1-Nov-14

3.1 ALL ADWG Element: 3.2 - L - The identified CCPs and Critical Limits should be reviewed every year, and upon any significant changes to any of The water supply systems. The formal review process and records of The outcomes of these reviews should be documented. The DWMS documentation should also be updated accordingly.

MWP 1-Jun-16

3.11 ALL ADWG Element: 3.2 - H - The HACCP Summary Tables should be made readily accessible to operators (e.g. pinned up at the treatment plants and Council offices).

MWP 1-Nov-14

3.12 ALL ADWG Element: 3.2 - M - Relevant staff members must be trained to ensure they understand what the CCPs are and why they are important. This training should include use of the HACCP Summary Tables, associated target, Alert and Critical Limits, as well as the monitoring requirements to ensure the CCPs remain in control.

MWP 1-Jun-15

3.13 ALL 2014 Risk Assessment, Haz ID: 12.01

- H - Label CCP monitoring locations appropriately MWP 1-Nov-14

3.14 All (bores)

2014 Risk Assessment, Haz ID: 1.06

- H - SOP required around selection of bores MWP 1-Nov-14


- H - Require SOP for maintenance of satellites MWP 1-Nov-14


- H - Council should consider developing cleaning procedure for aeration unit (at Hat Head) that includes adequate isolation procedures and sufficient flushing prior to recommissioningto limit the re-suspension of iron into the system.

MWP 1-Nov-14

3.17 SWR 2014 Risk Assessment, Haz ID: 2.05

- H - SOP required for reactive KMNO4 dosing MWP 1-Nov-14

3.18 SWR, HH, SP, CH, BB


- H - Develop SOP for Soda ash batching MWP 1-Nov-14



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- H - Develop SOP for slug dosing MWP 1-Nov-14


- H - Consider developing SOPs for chloramination (ultimate goal to remove chloramination processes) MWP 1-Nov-14

3.21 SWR 2014 Risk Assessment, Haz ID: 7.05

- H - SOP is required for neutralising after soak clean MWP 1-Nov-14

3.22 HH, SP, CH, SWR

2014 Risk Assessment, Haz ID:9.06

- H - SOP for holiday periods MWP 1-Nov-14


- M - SOP and training to be developed for chlorination of mains after repairs MWO 1-Jun-15


- M - SOP and training for sampling and testing regime after main repairs MWO 1-Jun-15

3.25 All 2014 Risk Assessment, Haz ID: 10.04, 10.07

- M - Consider instigating a regular flushing/pigging program MWO 1-Jun-15


- H - Permit to work for internal staff (other than operators) MWO 1-Nov-14


- H - Investigate and implement commissioning procedures to limit potential taste and odour issues. Unsuitable materials and coatings can leach chemicals or support microbial growth.

MWO 1-Nov-14


- H - Council should consider doing a review of existing SOPs to identify where SOP gaps are. MWP 1-Nov-14


- H - Council should develop a daily task lists at each treatment plant to ensure general operations are covered. MWP 1-Nov-14



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- M - A high turnover of staff can result in loss of operational knowledge resulting in operational gaps. Council should develop a procedure for succession planning for key staff members.

MWP 1-Jun-15

3.31 ALL ADWG Element: 4.1 - H - Insert location of and quality information (i.e. version, last review date, Document owner) for existing operational procedures into the DWMS Document Register (Include review date, date created, responsible person, etc.) found in Appendix D of the DWMS.

MWP 1-Nov-14

3.32 ALL ADWG Element: 4.1 - M - Council should undertake a review of existing control measures and ensure that all associate procedures are documented adequately. Where gaps are identified Council should formally document these procedures. Involve relevant staff in the development of these procedures.

MWP 1-Jun-15

3.33 ALL ADWG Element: 4.1 - M - Where operational manuals for treatment plants do not exist, Council should develop these and/or replace out of date manuals. - Include all of the newly developed operational procedures in the existing operations manual.

MWP 1-Jun-15

3.34 ALL ADWG Element: 4.2 - M - Update details for existing documentation in the DWMS document register. MWP 1-Jun-15

3.35 ALL ADWG Element: 4.2 - M - Develop formal monitoring protocols which identify target criteria for each of the preventative measures being monitored (including CCPs), monitoring records to be kept, responsibilities, authorities and required communication protocols. Combine documented protocols into a formal Operational Monitoring Plan.

MWP 1-Jun-15

3.36 ALL ADWG Element: 4.2 - M - Ensure all operational procedures are documented and referenced in the DWMS document register MWP 1-Jun-15

3.37 ALL ADWG Element: 4.3 L - Council investigate a preventative maintenance system that integrates with the AMS to notify teams when maintenance should be scheduled for specific pieces of plant

MWP 1-Jun-16


- M - Investigate installing chlorine gas cylinder scales and integration with SCADA system MWP 1-Jun-15

3.39 CH 2014 Risk Assessment, Haz ID: 7.04, 9.06

- H - Online chlorine monitoring & instrumentation MWP 1-Nov-14


- H - Council shall consider developing PLC and SCADA control systems to manage ammonia and chlorine dosage rates/ratios. MWP 1-Nov-14


- H - Council should consider investigation areas where they can implement online monitoring and SCADA systems to improve operational response times and operational monitoring.

MWP 1-Nov-14



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3.42 ALL ADWG Element: 4.3 - H - Establish a rapid communication system to deal with unexpected events. MWP 1-Nov-14

3.43 ALL ADWG Element: 4.3 - H - Train relevant staff in these procedures and maintain a record of training. MWP 1-Nov-14


- M - Automated upgrades required for some systems (e.g. CH) MWP 1-Jun-15

3.45 SP,HH 2014 Risk Assessment, Haz ID: 7.01

- H - Upgrade to the chlorine gas system (i.e. flow switches, automatic shutdown) MWP 1-Nov-14


- H - Purchase matching ammonia pumps MWP 1-Nov-14


- H Council to continue to undertake investigations to improve turnover of water in the Big Nobby Reservoir – options could include further mains isolations, reservoir mixing or a dedicated rising main.

MWP 1-Nov-14


- M - Continue removal or replacement of internal ladders with FRP MWP 1Nov-15


- H - Council should investigate implementing an electronic water quality data collection procedure for all treatment plants. This system should be integrated with any future online monitoring that is installed.

MWP 1-Nov-14

3.5 ALL ADWG Element: 4.5 - M - Develop a program to undertake spot checks for chemical quality compliance. MWP 1-Jun-15

3.51 ALL ADWG Element: 4.5 - M - Council may consider developing a purchasing program to ensure that suppliers conform to plumbing regulations, industry codes of practice and standards to guide product selection and installation.

MWP 1-Jun-15


- H - Develop a chemical delivery SOP & check sheet (for operators) MWP 1-Nov-14


- H - Identify sampling location off Big Nobby Reservoir MWP 1-Nov-14

3.54 ALL ADWG Element: 5.1 - H - Combine documented drinking water quality monitoring protocols into a formal Water Quality Verification Plan. MWP 1-Nov-14

3.55 ALL ADWG Element: 5.2 - M - Council to consider developing a customer complaint database that contains the ability to supply more detailed information and be easily extracted for analysis. Council to monitor results for South West Rocks and follow up as appropriate.

MWP 1-Jun-15



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3.56 ALL ADWG Element: 5.3 - H - Implement regime of regular (daily) review of raw and treated water quality results, and input operational data into an electronic spread sheet to facilitate analysis and reporting.

MWP 1-Nov-14

3.57 ALL ADWG Element: 5.3 - M - Council may consider developing a process where customer feedback is directly integrated into the daily monitoring spreadsheet, which also captures daily water quality data.

MWP 1-Jun-15

3.58 ALL ADWG Element: 6.1 - M - Define communication protocols with the involvement of relevant agencies and include in the protocols a contact list of relevant agencies and businesses and their relevant key people.

MWP 1-Jun-15

3.59 ALL ADWG Element: 6.1 - L - Consider implementing a procedure in consultation with local hospitals to ensure dialysis patient details remain up-to-date. MWP 1-Jun-16

3.6 ALL ADWG Element: 6.1 - M - Develop a comprehensive public and media communications strategy and include draft public and media notifications. MWP 1-Jun-15

3.61 ALL ADWG Element: 6.1 - M - Identify an appropriate person to handle all incident and emergency communications and ensure they are appropriately trained.

MWP 1-Jun-15

3.62 ALL ADWG Element: 6.1 - H - Review and update contact details listed in Section 6.1 of the DWMS (including emergency contact details) MWP 1-Nov-14

3.63 ALL ADWG Element: 6.2 - H - Develop a process for documenting and reporting of an incident or emergency. MWP 1-Nov-14

3.64 ALL ADWG Element: 6.2 - H - Employees should be trained and protocols regularly tested in the emergency response plans. The requirement for this should be included in the ERP.

MWP 1-Nov-14

3.65 ALL ADWG Element: 7.1 - M - All water management stakeholders must read and agree to abide by the principles of this DWMS. This includes adding this requirement to the role descriptions for Council employees moving forward.

MWP 1-Jun-15

3.66 ALL ADWG Element: 7.1 - M - Formalise internal on-the-job training processes, documenting the training content, processes and attendance. - Consider developing operators communication strategy

MWP 1-Jun-15


- M - Consider holding training session on sanitary main repairs MWP 1-Jun-15


- M - Long term operator competency program MWP 1-Jun-15

3.69 ALL ADWG Element: 8.1 - L - Assess requirements for effective community consultation and develop a comprehensive strategy for community consultation and leverage, where possible, existing mechanisms by which council communicates with the community.

MWP 1-Jun-16



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3.7 ALL ADWG Element: 8.2 - M - Council may consider providing water quality data on residents rates notices and/or publishing some of this data on their website

MWP 1-Jun-15

3.71 ALL ADWG Element: 8.2 - M - Council to develop a contact list for major clients and stakeholders for water related activities MWP 1-Jun-15

3.72 WW (bores)


- M - Project to investigate correlation between WQ monitoring and raw water manual monitoring MWP 1-Jun-15

3.73 WW (bores)


- M - Consider PHU project to investigate the presence of microbials during events and correlation with available indicators MWP 1-Jun-15

3.74 HH, CH 2014 Risk Assessment, Haz ID: 7.02

- H - DBPs in HH treated water - PHU project MWP 1-Nov-14

3.75 ALL ADWG Element: 9.1 - L - Increase review of water quality performance and utilisation of water quality data to improve understanding of the effectiveness of treatment and to identify water quality trends and patterns.

MWP 1-Jun-16

3.76 ALL ADWG Element: 9.1 - M - Council should strongly consider investing in online monitoring at all CCPs. This would provide greater process control, as immediate notification would be provided in the event an alert limit is exceeded. Importantly, it would also provide the opportunity of an immediate response in the event a critical limit is exceeded (such as triggering a plant shut down). Online monitoring would also provide useful data for analysis of performance of processes used to control hazards at CCPs and would improve understanding of the WTP’s effectiveness more generally.

MWP 1-Nov-15

3.77 ALL ADWG Element: 9.2 - L - As part of councils' review of the DWMS risk assessment, review and discuss the effectiveness of existing processes and procedures in managing water quality. The review should draw on external research and information, the risk assessment, water quality analysis and organisational experience. With any changes in conditions, processes and procedures should be revalidated.

MWP 1-Jun-16

3.78 ALL ADWG Element: 9.2 - H - Review and confirm the various data gaps in Table 10, Section 9.2 of the DWMS to calculate CT for all supply systems. MWP 1-Nov-14

3.79 ALL ADWG Element: 9.3 - L - Develop a policy on validation of new or upgraded water supply infrastructure. This should include witness, demonstration and commissioning requirements that are designed to ensure the infrastructure delivers the expected water quality results.

MWP 1-Jun-16

3.8 ALL ADWG Element: 10.1

- M - Continue to document information pertinent to all aspects of drinking water quality management. MWP 1-Jun-15



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- M - Develop a procedure that manages document control for all DWMS documentation (i.e. ensure the currency, accessibility and appropriate review DWMS documents).

MWP 1-Jun-15


- M - Develop a records management process to ensure appropriate storage and accessibility of DWMS related records. MWP 1-Jun-15


- L - Review existing documentation on the water supply systems and ensure all are captured on councils' document management system. Verify documents are up-to-date.

MWP 1-Jun-16


- L - Council should consider implementing a monthly water quality performance report to be supplied to councillors and uploaded to Councils website.

MWP 1-Jun-16


- L - Council shall develop a formal process that records water related complaints, successes, failures. MWP 1-Jun-16


- M - Develop in-house evaluation of long-term water quality performance procedures (outside external monitoring requirements) and implement these procedures. These procedures could be incorporated into the preparation process for the annual management review or as part of the internal audit process.

MWP 1-Jun-15


- H - Capture all handwritten water quality data into electronic spreadsheets. MWP 1-Nov-14


- L - Develop internal audit procedures and schedules appropriate to functionality of council and the water supply systems. MWP 1-Jun-16


- L - Identify appropriate personal to undertake the internal audit and provide training in auditing. MWP 1-Jun-16


- L - Document and report results of CCP exceedences in annual report for Council MWP 1-Jun-16


- L - Develop external audit procedures in consultation with NSW Public Health Unit. MWP 1-Jun-16


- M - Develop and implement a process (including a schedule) for senior executive review of the effectiveness of the management system. The review process should include aspects such as; reports from audits, water quality performance, previous reviews, concerns from consumers and regulators and impacts of changes to internal or external conditions (e.g. regulatory, technology, organisational activities).

MWP 1-Jun-15


- M - Amend/update the DWMS where it is evaluated that there is a need for change. MWP 1-Nov-15

3.94 ALL - - M - Council to contact TO and ask for redundant sample sites (i.e. with no data attached to them) to be removed. MWP 1-Nov-14


- M - Update and review Implementation Plan when necessary. Follow up actions to ensure deadlines are met and responsible parties are capable to undertake these actions.

MWP 1-Nov-15



75 AECOM

14.0 References

AECOM (2014) Drinking Water Quality Risk Assessment – Kempsey Shire Council, AECOM, Sydney NSW

AECOM (2014) Kempsey Shire Council Drinking Water Management System – Water Quality Risk Assessment

Workshop Briefing Paper, AECOM, Sydney NSW

Ministry for Police and Emergency Services (MPES) (2012), Current Natural Disaster Declarations. Accessed 29th

July 2012, available at http://www.emergency.nsw.gov.au/ndd.

NHMRC/ NRMMC (2011) Australian Drinking Water Guidelines Paper 6 National Water Quality Management

Strategy. National Health and Medical Research Council, National Resource Management Ministerial Council,

Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra.

Kempsey Shire Council, Kempsey Shire Council Water Supply Asset Management Plan

NSW Department of Water and Energy (DWE) (2009), Water Sharing Plan: NSW Great Artesian Basin

NSW Office of Environment and Heritage (NSW OEH) (2006), Hunter River Catchment, available at:

<http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/ieo/Hunter/maplg.htm>

NSW Office of Water (NOW) (2011-12), NSW Benchmarking Report – Water Supply and Sewerage

Kempsey Shire Council, State of the Environment Report – Comprehensive Report 2008/09 and Supplementary

Report 2010/11

Australian Bureau of Statistics (2013), National Regional Profile: Kempsey (Local Government Area)

http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/[email protected]/Latestproducts/LGA14350Main%20Features12007-

2011?opendocument&tabname=Summary&prodno=LGA14350&issue=2007-2011&num=&view=

http://www.emergency.nsw.gov.au/ndd

http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/ieo/Hunter/maplg.htm

http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/[email protected]/Latestproducts/LGA14350Main%20Features12007-2011?opendocument&tabname=Summary&prodno=LGA14350&issue=2007-2011&num=&view

http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/[email protected]/Latestproducts/LGA14350Main%20Features12007-2011?opendocument&tabname=Summary&prodno=LGA14350&issue=2007-2011&num=&view



76 AECOM

Appendix A

Risk Assessment (2014)



77 AECOM

Hazardous Event Code

System Code Hazardous Event Hazard Hazard Category

Description of Consequences

Unmitigated Risk

Evaluation

Existing Control Measures

Residual Risk Evaluation

Proposed Follow Up Actions

Notes on basis of scoring

(e.g. uncertainty)

CCP

Q1. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q2. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q3. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q4. (Y /

N)

CC

P


CCP TL = Target Limit AL = Alert Limit

CL = Critical Limit

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K

Limits Monitoring System

Corrective Actions

1.00 Catchment & Abstraction -

1.01 WW, BB, SP (bores) Chemicals from agricultural runoff near bores.

Pesticides Chemical (pesticides)

Exceedence (or at detectible levels) of ADWG health guideline

3 E

Mo

der

ate

- Regulations regarding the use of pesticides - Periodic testing of water quality of treated water - Drum collection at rubbish tip - Visual inspection - Integrity of bore casings - Activated carbon treatment (BB)

2 E

Low

N/A

< 0.5 ppm Cl Reticulation monitoring at local community.

1.02 WW (bores) - Pathogens from rural residential and agricultural inputs due to surface water ingress - High rainfall - Flood

Cryptosporidium

Pathogens (Chlorine resistant e.g. Crypto)

Exceedence of ADWG health guideline

5 C

Ver

y H

igh

- Natural sand filtration - Bore casing - Carting during flood events, high turbidity

5 D

Ver

y H

igh

- Turbidity analyser on raw water at BB - Project to investigate correlation between WQ monitoring and raw water manual monitoring - Consider PHU project to investigate the presence of microbals during events and correlation with available indicators - Belinda to review turbidity data to determine critical limit (ideally 1NTU but may need to be higher) - Consider options to install online turbidity analyser at WW

Based on WW

YES

WW (Review turbidity data to determine critical limit - ideally 1NTU but may need to be higher) TL: 0.6 NTU (WW) AL: 1 NTU (WW) CL: 2 NTU (WW) Consider putting a timeframe around the Proposed follow up actions.

WW (manual raw water test at BB) Retic monitoring at WW Online raw water turbidity analyser at BB (when installed)

TL - Calibration of instruments - Routine monitoring program AL - Attend Site and and check turbidity within 6 hours of turbidity alarm from Belbrook online raw water turbidity monitor. Shutdown bore pumps, commence water carting - Contact TO CL - Contact TO - TO to inform water process manager - Manager to call PHU - Follow AL steps -Flush mains continue water carting until turbidity drops



78 AECOM




Unmitigated Risk

Evaluation





(e.g. uncertainty)

CCP

Q1. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q2. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q3. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q4. (Y /

N)

CC

P



CL = Critical Limit

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K


Corrective Actions

1.03 WW, BB - Pathogens from rural residential and agricultural inputs due to surface water ingress. - Unsewer properties - Wildlife in catchment - Flood damage - High rainfall

Bacteria and virus

Pathogens (Chlorine sensitive e.g. Bacteria and viruses ) Nutrients


5 B

Ver

y H

igh

- Natural sand filtration - Bore casing - Disinfection - Filtration (BB) - Carting during flood events, high turbidity - Storage residence time in the reservoir (3 days)(SP)

5 E

Hig

h

Based on WW

Y N Y Y NO

5 NTU On Line monitoring of turbidity on raw water and nutrients (TN & TP) monitored at SMD inlet..

1.04 CH, SP, SWR, HH - Pathogens from rural residential and agricultural inputs (SP only) due to surface water ingress. - Unsewer properties in township of SP and caravan park. - Wildlife in catchment

Bacteria and virus

Pathogens (Chlorine sensitive e.g. Bacteria and viruses ) Nutrients


5 C

Ver

y H

igh

- Natural sand filtration - Bore casing - Disinfection - Filtration (SWR, SP) - Storage residence time in the reservoir (3 days) - Protected catchment in coastal catchment systems

5 E

Hig

h

Based on SP

Y N Y Y NO

5 NTU On Line monitoring of turbidity on raw water and nutrients (TN & TP) monitored at SMD inlet..

1.05 BB, WW - Short-circuiting of contaminants through to bores due to well casing failure. - Flood, high river flow. - Low rainfall periods. - Fire event

Turbidity Pathogens Turbidity

Exceedence of ADWG aesthetic guideline

2 C

Mo

der

ate

- Filtration (BB) process limit up to 20NTU - Online monitoring of turbidity (BB) - Chemical dosing (BB) - Sampling testing (WW) - Water carting - Future bore on higher ground - provides protection against nuisance floods (WW) - Sealed boreheads

2 D

Low

N/A

5 NTU Monitoring of Bore function and WQ levels. On Line monitoring of turbidity on raw water and nutrients (TN & TP) monitored at SMD inlet.

1.06 All (bores) - Groundwater can contain naturally occuring iron and manganese (historically mostly iron issues).

Iron and Manganese

Chemicals (Fe & Mn) Radiological


3 A

Ver

y H

igh

- Aeration - Collection tank (HH not very effective) - Normally two reservoirs (HH) - Filtration (SP, BB, SWR) - Dam (CH)

2 A

Hig

h

- SOP required around selection of bores

Based on HH Bore 1 (CH) has issues

NO

Radiological parameters monitored at Burnt Bridge community and Greenhill reticulation.



79 AECOM




Unmitigated Risk

Evaluation





(e.g. uncertainty)

CCP

Q1. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q2. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q3. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q4. (Y /

N)

CC

P



CL = Critical Limit

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K


Corrective Actions

1.07 WW, SP, BB (bores) - Groundwater may contain naturally occuring Arsenic and Antimony - Operational/mechanical failure

Arsenic and Antimony

Chemical Exceedence of ADWG health guideline

3 C

Hig

h

- Filtration and coagulation (SP, BB) - Arsenic removal filter (BB) - Dynasand filter and coagulation (SP) - Water carting during high turbidity

3 D

Mo

der

ate

Good correlation between arsenic levels and turbidity within catchment - SP has high reliance on operator knowledge and skills on operation of filtration system

NO

1.08 All (bores) - Groundwater may contain health-related chemicals (eg barium, before commissioning a uranium, radium) as a result of local bore for drinking water geology.

Radiological Chemical Exceedence of ADWG health guideline

2 E Low

- Project sampling through PHU

2 E Low

- Radiological monitoring has been untaken, no detection.

N/A

1.09 All (bores) - Illegal dumping in national parks - vehicle spills/accident - diesel pump out - underground fuel storages

Hydrocarbons Chemical Exceedence of ADWG health guideline

2 E

Low

- Emergency response procedures - Visual inspections - Location of bores in national parks (coastal systems only)

2 E

Low

N/A

1.10 SP, CH, SWR, HH (bores) - Extreme overextraction or drought

Salinity Physical Exceedence of ADWG aesthetic guideline

2 E

Low

- Water quality testing - Bore isolation - Water carting - Blending

1 E

Low

N/A

1.11 SWR - Sand extracted from borefield with raw water

Sand Physical Exceedence of ADWG aesthetic guideline

2 C M

od

erat

e - Bore isolation

- Refurb bores 2 D Lo

w

N/A

1.12 BB (Raw water collection tank) - Vermin ingress as a result of poor reservoir integity or maintenance practices (e.g. hatches left open)

All pathogens Biological Exceedence of ADWG health guideline

4 E

Hig

h

- Lockable hatches - Concrete roofed tank - Filtration and disinfection

2 E Low

CH - not currently in use N

O

1.13 CH (front dam) - Algal blooms (red tide) from wildlife cross contamination (sea, wastewater treatment plant). - Blue green algal bloom (no event to date)

Cyanotoxins Biological Exceedence of ADWG health guideline

4 D

Hig

h

- Visual inspection - Dam isolation - Sprinklers on the dam

4 E H

igh

Sprinklers has cleared the red tide bloom within 2 days Y N N - N

O



80 AECOM




Unmitigated Risk

Evaluation





(e.g. uncertainty)

CCP

Q1. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q2. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q3. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q4. (Y /

N)

CC

P



CL = Critical Limit

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K


Corrective Actions

1.14 CH (front dam) - Wildlife - cross contamination from wasterwater treatment via birds.


4 A

Ver

y H

igh

- Disinfection

4 D

Hig

h

1.15 BB, SP (bores) - Pathogens from rural residential and agricultural inputs due to surface water ingress. - Unsewered properties in township of SP and caravan park. - High rainfall - Flood

Crypto-sporidium

Biological Exceedence of ADWG health guideline

5 C

Ver

y H

igh

- Natural sand filtration - Bore casing - Carting during flood events, high turbidity (BB) - Filtration - Storage residence time in the reservoir (3 days, SP)

5 E

Hig

h

1.16 CH, HH, SWR (bores) - High rainfall - Flood

Crypto-sporidium


4 D

Hig

h

- Natural sand filtration - Bore casing - Protected catchment, within national parks

4 E

Hig

h

Y N Y Y NO

2.00 Aeration -

2.01 CH - Vermin ingress Bacteria and virus


4 C

Ver

y H

igh

- Disinfection

4 D

Hig

h

NO

2.02 HH, SWR - Vermin ingress Bacteria and virus


4 E

Hig

h

- Lockable hatches - Roofed tanks - Filtration and disinfection

2 E Low

NO

2.03 HH - Poor maintenance practises - Blower failure - Exceed iron build up on satellites - Poor design of collection chamber

Iron Physical Exceedence of ADWG aesthetic guideline

2 A H

igh

- Maintenance - Visual inspection (daily) - Cleaning with hydrochloric acid and soda ash

2 A

Hig

h

- Additional baffel on collection chamber - Require SOP for maintenance of satellites - Inadequate isolation when cleaning of aeration unit - insufficient flushing prior to recommissioning

High iron when system is in normal operation

Y Y NO

Aesthetic

2.04 SWR - Failure of blowers leading to low pH affecting downstream process (pH <5)

pH Low pH Exceedence of ADWG aesthetic guideline

3 A

Ver

y H

igh

- pH correction at treatment plant - Operator inspection of the blowers (x3/week) - Blowers added to RADTEL system (alarmed) - Raw water pH monitoring and instrumentation

3 E

Mo

der

ate

Y N Y Y NO



81 AECOM




Unmitigated Risk

Evaluation





(e.g. uncertainty)

CCP

Q1. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q2. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q3. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q4. (Y /

N)

CC

P



CL = Critical Limit

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K


Corrective Actions

2.05 SWR - Failure of blowers leading to soluble iron and maganese affecting downstream process

Iron & Manganese

Physical Exceedence of ADWG aesthetic guideline

3 B

Hig

h

- Operator inspection of the blowers (x3/week) - Blowers added to RADTEL system (alarmed) - KMNO4 dosing (used reactively) - Filtration

3 E

Mo

der

ate

- SOP for reactive KMNO4 dosing

Y N Y Y NO

3.00 Screening -

3.01 SWR - Poor/difficult/frequent maintenance practises leading to increased pressure and break through of sand.

Sand Physical Exceedence of ADWG aesthetic guideline

1 A

Mo

der

ate

- Cleaning when SCADA indicates high pressures across screens - Regular bore upgrade program

1 A

Mo

der

ate

Cleaning may be required numerous times per day.

N/A

4.00 Coagulation and Flocculation -

4.01 BB, SWR, SP - Overdosing coagulant, operator error, instrumentation failure, incorrect interlocks, equipment failure

All chemicals Chemical Exceedence of ADWG health guideline

2 C

Mo

der

ate

- Instrumentation - Filtration - Interlocks (may be continuing issues at SP) - Calibration of dosing system - Competant operators

1 D

Low

N/A

4.02 SP, BB - Equipment failure resulting in underdosing chlorine and not precipitating iron and arsenic (chlorine added for oxidation)

Iron & arsenic Chemical Exceedence of ADWG health guideline

3 C

Hig

h

- Monitoring chlorine dosing - Maintenance procedures - Chlorine residual testing - Filtration

3 D

Mo

der

ate

NO

4.03 SWR - Equipment failure resulting in under/overdosing KMNO4 and not precipitating manganese (KMNO4 added for oxidation) - When bore 5 is operating (during holiday periods)

Manganese Physical Exceedence of ADWG aesthetic guideline

2 D Lo

w

- Aeration (primary treatment for iron) '- Monitoring KMNO4 dosing - Maintenance procedures - KMNO4 residual testing - Filtration

2 E

Low

- Monitoring of raw water maganeses to manage KMNO4 dosing

N/A

4.04 SP - Under/overdosing ferric chloride - Not updating the dosing to match the source (Bore 3 requires different dosing to Bore 1 and 2)

Iron & arsenic Chemical Exceedence of ADWG health guideline

4 B

Ver

y H

igh

- Minimise operation of bore 3 - Iron testing (leaving sand filters) - Monitoring chloride dosing - Maintenance procedures - Filtration - Interlocks (plant automatically isolated when ferric chloride fails)

3 D

Mo

der

ate

NO

5.00 Filtration -



82 AECOM




Unmitigated Risk

Evaluation





(e.g. uncertainty)

CCP

Q1. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q2. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q3. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q4. (Y /

N)

CC

P



CL = Critical Limit

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K


Corrective Actions

5.01 SP (Dynasand) - Operator error or vandalism via dropping material into the filters blocking outlet, inhibiting the turnover of sand (leads to ineffective treatment) - Compressor failure leading to insufficient pressure to continous wash - Not replacing media when required

Iron & arsenic Physical Exceedence of ADWG health guideline

3 C

Hig

h

- Maintenance procedures - Operator training - Security fencing, lockable hatches - Interlocks

3 D

Mo

der

ate

- Consider developing operational management procedures for arsenic

NO

SP CCP would rely on iron concentrations to indicate elevated arsenic levels. Instigates arsenic WQ testing

5.02 BB - Incorrect filter media - incorrect backwashing - not replacing filter media when required - over pressurising leading to break through of filter media

Arsenic Chemical Exceedence of ADWG health guideline

3 C

Hig

h

- Maintenance procedures - Operator training - Automated operation - Two primary filter prior to arsenic removal filter - Water carting

3 E

Mo

der

ate

- Consider developing operational management procedures for arsenic

Y Y - - NO

Turbidity as indicator (post filter)

5.03 BB, SWR, SP - Incorrect filter media - incorrect backwashing - not replacing filter media when required - over pressurising leading to break through of filter media


4 C

Ver

y H

igh

- Maintenance procedures - Operator training - Automated operation - Coagulation - Predose with chlorine (not for disinfection) (BB) - Three filters in series (BB) - Water carting (BB) - Disinfection

4 E

Hig

h

- Belinda to obtain Turbidity limits from operators (BB)

Y Y - - YES

Based on BB BB (Turbidity) TL: NTU AL: NTU CL: 1 NTU

- Online analyser for turbidity - Test of water quality in CTW (daily)

5.04 SWR - membrane break or leak - poor membrane cleaning or backwashing - failure to pre-treat water - incorrect chemical dosing - overdosing KMNO4 - sudden changes in raw water quality (increased turbidity) - contaminated lime supply (i.e. metal filings) - accidental damage of membranes from foreign objects - inadequate maintenance practises i.e membrane tensioning

Iron & Manganese

Physical Exceedence of ADWG aesthetic guideline

3 B

Hig

h

- Maintenance procedures - Equipment replacement - Operator training - Blowers for iron removal - Monitoring pressure difference across membranes - Lowered flow set point - Backwashing and cleaning processes - Turbidity monitoring and automatic shut down - Calibration and instrumentation (external subcontractor)

3 E

Mo

der

ate

Membranes are not designed to remove iron and maganese at the levels present - results in frequent replacement of membranes 1/3 the design life - x3 in 8 years)

NO

- Monitoring iron and maganese - Soluble - Treated water

6.00 pH correction -



83 AECOM




Unmitigated Risk

Evaluation





(e.g. uncertainty)

CCP

Q1. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q2. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q3. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q4. (Y /

N)

CC

P



CL = Critical Limit

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K


Corrective Actions

6.01 SWR, HH, SP, CH, BB Under dosing of Lime/soda ash caused by: - pump failure - blocked piping - screw feeder failure - poor quality lime - moisture in lime bin or hopper - hoppers haven't been filled - incorrect calibration of pH meters (SWR) - service water -raw water source quality

Low pH Low pH Exceedence of ADWG aesthetic guideline

2 C

Mo

der

ate

- Reservoir buffering - Online monitoring (SWR, BB) - Operator testing - Standby pumps - Visual inspection - Calibration program - Pump maintenance

2 D

Low

Based on HH, SWR

NO

<6.5 pH pH levels at Reservoirs

6.02 SWR, HH, SP, CH, BB - Overdosing of Lime/soda ash creating operational issues. Caused by: - pump calibration failure - blocked pipe (SWR) - incorrect calibration of pH meters (SWR) - service water level (SWR) - raw water source quality - incorrect batching

High pH High pH Breach of ADWG aesthetic guidelines • pH >8.5 causes build-up of calcium carbonate and makes treatment and disinfection less effective. • pH > 10 also corrodes pipes, exposing users to health-related chemicals. • pH > 11 can cause irritation of eyes and, in sensitive populations, gastrointestinal irritation.

2 C

Mo

der

ate

- Reservoir buffering - Online monitoring (SWR, BB) - Operator testing - Standby pumps - Visual inspection - Calibration program - Pump maintenance

2 D

Low

- Soda ash batching procedure

NO

> 9.0 pH pH levels at Reservoirs Lime storage level

7.00 Disinfection (Chlorine Dosing and Contact Vessels)

-



84 AECOM




Unmitigated Risk

Evaluation





(e.g. uncertainty)

CCP

Q1. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q2. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q3. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q4. (Y /

N)

CC

P



CL = Critical Limit

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K


Corrective Actions

7.01 All Under dosing from: - incorrect chlorine set point - operator error - instrumentation/equipment failure or running out of Chlorine Gas resulting in inadequate disinfection to control pathogens (system is not interlocked with chlorine pumps) - Air lock in the NaOCl or blockage from crystalisation - varying water quality i.e. turbidity, pH (due to manual water quality monitoring) - poor quality/incorrect concentration of chlorine - incorrect pH may affect chlorine residual - dillution batching

Bacteria and virus

Pathogens (Chlorine sensitive)


5 C

Ver

y H

igh

- Operator training - Online monitoring - Manual operator monitoring (daily, WW - not on Sundays, Saturday - retic only) - Slug dosing of reservoirs - Filtration/coagulation - pH monitoring - Operator checks at the plants (airlocks) - Visual inspection of chlorine level indicators - Oversized reservoirs - Interlocks at some WTPs - Frequent deliveries of NaOCl - Duty/standby arrangements - No properties off first main to reservoir

5 E

Hig

h

- Investigate installing chlorine gas cylinder scales and intergration with SCADA system - Upgrade to the chlorine gas system (i.e. flow switches, automatic shutdown) - Online monitoring at plant and reservoirs - Automated upgrades required for some systems (e.g. CH) HH - Set up sample point in between two reservoirs CH - Test must be done when plant is operating

WW - has no other protection (highest risk)

Y YES

-Need to include checking pH paramater as a correct action on this CCP

BB TL: 1mg/L AL: CL: WW TL: 0.8mg/L AL: CL: SP TL: 1.3mg/L AL: CL: SWR TL: 2mg/L AL: CL: HH TL: 1mg/L (variable - due to season) AL: CL: CH (Total chlorine) TL: 3mg/L AL: CL:

BB - Online monitoring (leaving CWT) WW - Retic manual sampling and testing (6d/wk) SP - Manual sampling and testing (outlet CWT) 6d/wk SWR - Online monitoring (leaving plant) HH - Manual sampling and testing (outlet concrete reservoir on the way to town) 6d/wk CH - Manual sampling and testing (rising main to Back Beach) 6d/wk

TL See CCP3 KLM (Dec 2013) AL See CCP3 KLM (Dec 2013) - Contact TO - Check upstream processes (SWR, SP, BB) {remove dot point 5} - Check chlorine residuals at the reservoir (refer to chlorine SOP) - Reservoir inspections - Retic sampling and flushing as necessary {remove dot point 7} CL - Follow AL steps - Inform TO {enter in 9.02}

7.02 HH, CH Inherent issue as a result of chlorine dosing

DBPs and Chlorine

T &O, Chlorine, DBP's.


2 B

Hig

h

- Chloramination at CH - Using water treatment quality chlorine tablets

2 B

Hig

h

DBPs in HH treated water - PHU project

HH - already has elevated DBP's N N

O

< 0.5 ppm Cl Chlorine levels at reserviors



85 AECOM




Unmitigated Risk

Evaluation





(e.g. uncertainty)

CCP

Q1. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q2. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q3. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q4. (Y /

N)

CC

P



CL = Critical Limit

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K


Corrective Actions

7.03 All Overdosing of Chlorine from: - incorrect chlorine set point - operator error - instrumentation/equipment failure - varying water quality i.e. turbidity, pH (due to manual water quality monitoring) - new hyperchlorite batch, with incorrect set point - poor mixing or short circuiting - incorrect concentration of chlorine

Taste & Odour T &O, Chlorine, DBP's.


1 C

Low

- Responding to complaints - Public education - Operator training - Online monitoring - Manual operator monitoring (daily, WW - not on Sundays, Saturday - retic only) - pH monitoring - Operator checks at the plants (airlocks) - Oversized reservoirs - No properties off first main to reservoir

1 C

Low

- Develop SOP for slug dosing

HH - already has elevated DBP's

N/A

< 0.5 ppm Cl Chlorine levels at reserviors

7.04 CH Incorrect ratio of ammonia to chlorine from: - incorrect set point - operator error - complex water quality testing - instrumentation/equipment failure - varying water quality i.e. turbidity, pH (due to manual water quality monitoring) - poor mixing or short circuiting - incorrect concentration of chemicals - mismatched duty/standby ammonia pumps


4 A

Ver

y H

igh

- Operator training - Operator water quality monitoring - Slug dosing at reservoirs

4 C

Ver

y H

igh

- Get matching ammonia pumps - Online instrumentation - PLC and SCADA control - New raw water collection tank - Investigate process upgrades/additions from removal of organics (i.e. filter, baffles) - SOPs for chlorimination (Ultimate goal to remove chlorimination)

Need to maintain chlorine concentration of 2.5-3mg/L for chlorimination

YES

CH TL: AL: CL:

7.05 SWR - contamination from chemical spill into membrane sump - incorrect chemical cleaning practises (not neutralising correctly)

All chemicals Chemical Exceedence of ADWG health guideline

3 C

Hig

h

- Operator training - Visual inspections

3 D

Mo

der

ate

SOP is required for neutralising after soak clean

NO

SWR TL: AL: CL:

8.00 Fluoride -



86 AECOM




Unmitigated Risk

Evaluation





(e.g. uncertainty)

CCP

Q1. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q2. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q3. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q4. (Y /

N)

CC

P



CL = Critical Limit

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K


Corrective Actions

8.01 SWR Overdosing of fluoride from: - incorrect set point - operator error - complex water quality testing - instrumentation/equipment failure - varying water quality - poor mixing, short circuiting - incorrect concentration of chemicals - fluoride dosing is controlled at screw feeder rather than the dosing pumps, resulting in constant lag of fluoride dose when flow rate in WTP changes

Fluoride Chemical Exceedence of ADWG health guideline

- - N/A

- Visual inspections - Operator training - Automated system - Operator testing of raw water, plant and retic

2 E Low

YES

SWR TL: AL: CL:

Monitoring out of the plant and out of the reservoir TL and AL monitoring out of the plant and the reservoir CL monitoring out of the reservoir

8.02 SWR Underdosing of fluoride from: - incorrect set point - operator error - complex water quality testing - instrumentation/equipment failure - varying water quality - poor mixing, short circuiting - incorrect concentration of chemicals - fluoride dosing is controlled at screw feeder rather than the dosing pumps, resulting in constant lag of fluoride dose when flow rate changes

Fluoride Chemical Non-compliance with fluoride code of practise

- - N/A

- Visual inspections - Operator training - Automated system - Operator testing of raw water, plant and retic - Daily monitoring

1 D Low

NO

9.00 Reservoirs

-

9.01 BB - Cross contamination of clear water tanks through interconnection to raw water tanks


4 C

Ver

y H

igh

- Operator training - System configuration (clear water tank higher than raw water tank) - Chlorine residual within clear water tank

4 C

Ver

y H

igh

- Investigate disconnecting the interconnection

N/A



87 AECOM




Unmitigated Risk

Evaluation





(e.g. uncertainty)

CCP

Q1. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q2. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q3. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q4. (Y /

N)

CC

P



CL = Critical Limit

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K


Corrective Actions

9.02 All Vermin ingress: - unlocked hatches/poorly fitting hatches - inadequate netting - poor integrity of the roof - not following standard maintenance procedures - inappropriate attachment/maintenance of telecommunication aerials - damage due to storm events - access via scour lines


5 B

Ver

y H

igh

- Chlorine residual testing - Visual/integrity inspection - Subcontractors clean out/inspections - Lockable hatches, vermin screens - Hatch upgrade program - Microbe testing downstream

5 D

Ver

y H

igh

Online chlorine analysers on all reservoirs (linked to SCADA)

YES

ALL TL: No breach of integrity AL: Any sign of integrity breach CL: Detection of contamination source

Visual inspection and/or public notification SWR, HH, CH (6d/wk) SP (5d/wk) WW,BB (monthly) Vermin inspection checksheet (monthly)

ALL AL - Visual inspection (outside/inside) - Check chlorine residual (refer to chlorine SOP) - Contact TO CL - Follow AL corrective actions - Take micro-sample - Inform TO - TO to contact manager - Manager to contact PHU - Develop Incident plan of action

9.03 All - Stormwater ingress leading to contamination from faecal matter from birds.


4 C

Ver

y H

igh

- Chlorine residual testing - Visual/integrity roof inspection - Hatch upgrade program - Microbe testing downstream - Subcontractor clean out/inspections

4 E

Hig

h

NO

9.04 All Disturbance of sediments due to: - low volumes and then refilling - Inadequate/infrequent cleaning of tanks - Incorrect filling design

Turbidity Turbidity Taste and Odour Pathogens


1 C

Low

- Subcontractor clean out/inspections - Monitoring of reservoir levels (on SCADA) - Correct set points for filling - Employment of appropriate subcontractors (for cleaning) - Operator training and procedures

1 E

Low

N/A

Tb <2 NTU Turbidity levels on outlet of Reservoirs. Customer complaints. Diver inspection report.



88 AECOM




Unmitigated Risk

Evaluation





(e.g. uncertainty)

CCP

Q1. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q2. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q3. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q4. (Y /

N)

CC

P



CL = Critical Limit

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K


Corrective Actions

9.05 All High chlorine dose due to human error during top up dosing: - error in calculating dose - using wrong tablet

Taste and Odour

Taste and Odour Disinfection by-products formation.


1 C

Low

- Responding to complaints - Public education - Operator training - Online monitoring - Manual operator monitoring (daily, WW - not on Sundays, Saturday - retic only) - pH monitoring - Operator checks at the plants (airlocks) - Oversized reservoirs - No properties off first main to reservoir

1 D

Low

N/A

> 2.2 ppm Cl2

Cl2 levels & pH

9.06 HH, SP, CH, SWR High chlorine levels from: - varying population size and subsequent demand (peak tourist season)

Taste & Odour Pathogens Exceedence of ADWG aesthetic guideline

1 C

Low

- Responding to complaints - Operator training - Manual operator monitoring (daily, WW - not on Sundays, Saturday - retic only) - Operator checks at the plants (airlocks)

1 D

Low

- Online monitoring - SOP for holiday periods

N/A

< 0.5ppm Cl2 on outlet.

Daily Cl2 and pH checks on outlets.

10.00 Distribution -

10.01 All - Ingress of contaminates due to back flow or cross connections (including property illegal connections). - Illegal connection to standpipes. - Improper practices by water carters - Backflow from tankers filling from inappropriate locations on the system. - Fire brigade, council road crews

All pathogens Various Exceedence of ADWG health guideline

4 C

Ver

y H

igh

- Visual inspection - Public notification (community awareness) - Council meter readings - Water carter management procedures enforced by council (register) - Water carters and fill stations use direct coupling to fill and backflow prevention - Council has undertaken an audit of their backflow prevention devices - New properties inspected for backflow prevention - WQ testing in distribution whilst water carting is operating

4 D

Hig

h

- Consider additional filling points (with future recycled water filling option i.e. non-potable) - Consider backflow prevention device inspection program - Identify sampling location off Big Nobby Reservoir

Based on illegal connections to standpipes

Y Y YES

ALL except CH Chlorine residual TL: >0.3mg/L AL: <0.2mg/L CL: </=0.1mg/L CH Total chlorine TL: 1.5mg/L (total Chlorine) AL:1 CL:0.5

ALL - Reservoir levels -Distribution pressure - Manual WQ testing (5d/wk) - NSW Health WQ testing (Weekly to monthly)

TL - Calibration of instruments - Routine monitoring program AL - One additional samples to confirm results, if first 2 results differ, take a 3rd sample - Test additional sample points within retic for similar results - Confirm chlorine dose at reservoir is correct - Visual inspection of



89 AECOM




Unmitigated Risk

Evaluation





(e.g. uncertainty)

CCP

Q1. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q2. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q3. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q4. (Y /

N)

CC

P



CL = Critical Limit

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K


Corrective Actions

reservoir (refer to reservoir SOP) - If chlorine residual is correct flush affected mains - If not obvious sign of contamination at reservoir check chlorine dose at plant (refer to chlorine SOP) - Contact TO CL - Contact TO - TO to inform water process manager - Manager to call PHU - Follow AL steps - Visual inspection of mains - Complete an Incident Report

10.02 All - Residents connecting household to private bore (cross connection to council retic)

All pathogens, iron & maganese


2 D

Low

- Backflow prevention to prevent contaminiation of reticulation - Council investigates upon compliant of dirty water - Council has undertaken an audit of their backflow prevention devices

2 E

Low

Y N NO



90 AECOM




Unmitigated Risk

Evaluation





(e.g. uncertainty)

CCP

Q1. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q2. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q3. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q4. (Y /

N)

CC

P



CL = Critical Limit

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K


Corrective Actions

10.03 All - Mains breaks or unsanitary repairs leading to WQ issues including cross contamination of main repair equipment e.g. Sewer/Water. - Not chlorinating after a main break - Incorrect flushing procedures after a main break - Inappropriate storage of new pipework prior to installation. - Incorrect valve operation or valve failures leading to ingress of contaminates due to loss of pressure. - Unsanitary commissioning of a new main. - Incorrect/lack of flushing.

All pathogens and all chemicals

Various Exceedence of ADWG health guideline

4 B

Ver

y H

igh

- Water/sewer maintenance crews disinfection procedures - Council training/inductions - Training days with health and WIOA - Hydrant and valve maintenance program - Chlorine residual

4 D

Hig

h

- Consider holding training session on sanitary main repairs - Consider chlorination of the main after repairs - Consider implementing sampling and testing regime after main repairs

YES

See 10.01 Reservoir levels and Distribution pressure.

10.04 HH, SP, CH, SWR Dead ends in the distribution causing taste and odour issues

Taste & Odour Physical Exceedence of ADWG aesthetic guideline

2 C

Mo

der

ate

- Eliminate some dead ends as part of commissioning of fluoride process - Complaints based flushing - Added known problem areas to operational sampling and testing program - Identified sites for regular flushing

2 C

Mo

der

ate

- Consider instigating a regular flushing/pigging program

NO

Cl2 < 0.5 ppm pH >8.6

Chlorine & pH levels

10.05 CH - Customer connections off rising main from Back Beach Reservoir to Big Nobby Reservoir causing lack of turnover on Big Nobby, resulting in high water age and low chlorine residual (20-30 properties)


2 C M

od

erat

e

- Replacing ladder (may have been causing take up of chlorine)

2 C

Mo

der

ate

- Check valving setup where rising main meets the retic main - Dedicated rising main to Big Nobby - Organics removal to improve chlorine residual

NO

10.06 All - Oxidation of infrastructure inside reservoir leading to low chlorine residual (rusty ladders)

Taste & Odour Physical Exceedence of ADWG health guideline

2 C

Mo

der

ate

- Visual inspection - Subcontractor clean out/inspections - Removing/replacing internal ladders - Using FRP ladders

2 C

Mo

der

ate

- Continue removal or replacement of internal ladders with FRP

NO

Visible damage < 0.5ppm Cl

Monthly inspection checklist. Aqualift inspection and reservoir cleaning program.



91 AECOM




Unmitigated Risk

Evaluation





(e.g. uncertainty)

CCP

Q1. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q2. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q3. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q4. (Y /

N)

CC

P



CL = Critical Limit

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K


Corrective Actions

10.07 All Sloughing of sediments and biofilm leading to WQ complaints. May be caused by - high flows during period tourist period - flushing of mains following a repair or replacement - reverse flow during a main break - excessive chlorine dose - Use of fire hydrants disturbing sediments in system. - Nitrify growth due to chloramination May be exacerbated by: - Dead ends in reticulation. - Incorrect/lack of flushing.

Suspended solids

Pathogens Turbidity Taste & Odour


2 C

Mo

der

ate

- Some mains cleaning programs in known problem areas (SP, CH, HH next on the list)

2 D

Low

- Consider regular pigging/flushing program

NO

Distribution Cl2 Micro and Tb levels

11.00 Whole of system - - -

11.01 All - Entry of unauthorised persons leading to accidental or deliberate sabotage - Unsupervised site visits by internal staff resulting in interruption to processes

Various Various Exceedence of ADWG health guideline

4 C

Ver

y H

igh

- Encase bore heads - Security fencing or a lockable shed - Locked gates and regular patrols - Lockable hatches - Roofed reservoirs

4 D

Hig

h

- Permit to work for internal staff (other than operators)

NO

11.02 All - Extreme weather events: e.g. bushfire, flood - Follow on hazardous event: unable to deliver chemicals to plant for continuing plant operation, staff fatigue, isolation of staff, infrastructure access restricted


5 C

Ver

y H

igh

- Positive pressure within retic - Chlorine residual - Bore isolation - Reservoir storage - Emergency planning and response procedures (informal)

2 C

Mo

der

ate

- Emergency response procedures to be formally documented

Based on WW, BB

NO

11.03 All - Unsuitable materials and coatings can leach chemicals or support microbial growth.


2 C

Mo

der

ate

- Operator training and experience - Qualified contractors and designers - Reservoir inspections - Water quality testing

2 D

Low

- Investigate and implement commissioing procedures

N/A

11.04 All - Incorrect chemical delivery and/or poor chemical quality - Incorrect procurement of chemicals

All chemicals Chemical Exceedences of ADWG health guidelines

5 C

Ver

y H

igh

- Chemical delivery acceptance procedures - Operator has to be on site for delivery - Quality assurance during chemical procurement

3 D M

od

erat

e

- Chemical delivery check sheet (for operators)

NO



92 AECOM




Unmitigated Risk

Evaluation





(e.g. uncertainty)

CCP

Q1. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q2. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q3. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q4. (Y /

N)

CC

P



CL = Critical Limit

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K


Corrective Actions

process (subcontracted)

11.04 All - Long term lack of supply - not enough water for consumption and hygiene needs, continuously, seasonally or in parts of distribution systems.

Various Various - Illness from harmful microorganisms due to poor hygiene or use of alternative lower-quality supplies. - Dehydration

4 E

Hig

h

- Conduct community education programs about effective use of available water supplies. - Apply restrictions based on how much water is available - Identify and develop alternative sources of water supply. - Have other sources of water for non-drinking purposes, eg saline groundwater can be used for hygiene, laundry etc. - Where parts of distribution system have limited supply consider increasing storage and pumping capacity. - water carting (BB, WW) - Emergency management systems

2 E

Low

NO

12.00 Monitoring & Management System -



93 AECOM




Unmitigated Risk

Evaluation





(e.g. uncertainty)

CCP

Q1. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q2. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q3. (Y /

N)

CCP

Q4. (Y /

N)

CC

P



CL = Critical Limit

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K

Co

nse

q.

Like

li.

RIS

K


Corrective Actions

12.01 All Lack of DWMS including: - SOPs - Operator training - Maintenance practices - Location of water quality monitoring sample points not being representative of whole of system. - Succession planning - Calibration of instrumentation - Qualified contactors and consultants - emergency response procedure - chemical delivery procedures - correct labeling of sampling sites - loss of trained/experienced staff


5 A

Ver

y H

igh

- Maintain and develop DWMS - Operator training, experience, training (key control measure)

5 C

Ver

y H

igh

- Succession planning - Development of SOPs - Daily task lists - Electronic water quality data collection - Long term operator competency program - Online monitoring and SCADA - To label CCP monitoring locations appropriately

NO



94 AECOM

Appendix B

CCP SOP Tables



95 AECOM

Critical Control Points Reference Guide – Bellbrook, Kempsey Shire Council

System CCP ID Critical

Control Point Hazard

Control Parameter

Target Alert Level Critical Limit

Bellb

rook

BB1 Catchment and

Abstraction Cryptosporidium Turbidity <0.5 NTU1 >5 NTU1 >20 NTU1

BB2 Abstraction

Filtration All pathogens Turbidity

Raw Water: <0.5 NTU

Filtered Water: 0.5 NTU

Raw Water: >5 NTU

Filtered Water: 0.8 NTU

Raw Water: >20 NTU

Filtered Water: >1 NTU

BB3 Disinfection All pathogens Free Chlorine 1.5 mg/L 1 mg/L 0.8 mg/L

BB4 Reservoirs All pathogens

and all chemicals Reservoir integrity


BB5 Distribution All pathogens Free Chlorine >0.3 mg/L <0.2 mg/L </=0.1 mg/L

NOTE: 1 As discussed in the February 2014 workshop, NSW Health are currently in the process of instigating an investigation into the correlation between cryptosporidium CFUs and turbidity. The subsequent results will inform Councils’ turbidity targets to mitigate the cryptosporidium hazard at the catchment and abstraction stage. Results from this investigation will be used to update the turbidity limits above.

Target This is where you want your system to be operating. Try to maintain levels equal to or greater quality the required value.

Alert Level First indication your system may have a problem or a potential problem. Increase monitoring and refer to CCP management plans.

Critical Limit At this limit you have lost control of your system. As a matter of urgency refer to CCP management plans and try to remediate problem.



96 AECOM

Water Supply System Bellbrook

CCP ID BB1

What is the control point? Catchment and Abstraction

What are the hazards? Cryptosporidium, All Pathogens

What is being monitored? Turbidity

What will initiate response? Online Raw Water Turbidity Analyser

Target <0.5 NTU

Alert Level >5 NTU

Critical Limit >20 NTU

Monitoring Systems Monitoring parameter: Turbidity Monitoring location: Inlet to Treatment Plant Monitoring frequency: Continuous - Observe weather and flood warnings - Conduct routine Bore maintenance program - Monitor and measure raw water turbidity - Equipment checks- - Calibration of online instruments - Routine monitoring program

Corrective actions - Attend site and check turbidity within 6 hours of turbidity alarm from Bellbrook online raw water turbidity monitor- Cross check online turbidity with Hand held instrument - Check River for any water quality impacts, such as flooding - Check bore for signs of damage to bore or any impacts to sites areas around bores - Make arrangements for isolation & repairs to problem bore (if issue) - Increase monitoring of raw water turbidity levels - If flooding is impacting the River, make plans to commence water carting and consider early shutdown of plant - Contact TO

Corrective actions - Ensure Automatic interlock has shutdown the treatment plant, otherwise shutdown the system - Contact TO - TO to inform water process manager - Manager to call PHU - Commence water carting, if not already commenced - Follow AL steps - Management to consider the need to initiate an incident response. - Complete Incident Notification Form* if automatic interlock shutdown has failed.

*Incident Notification Form still to be developed



97 AECOM


CCP ID BB2

What is the control point? Filtration

What are the hazards? All pathogens


What will initiate response? Online turbidity monitoring at WTP

Target Filtered Water: 0.5 NTU

Alert Level Filtered Water: 0.8 NTU

Critical Limit Filtered Water: > 1 NTU

Monitoring Systems Monitoring parameter: Turbidity Monitoring location: After filters at WTP Monitoring frequency: Online monitoring - Calibration of instruments - Routine monitoring program - Media replacement (as required) NOTE: Online turbidity analyser directly after bayoxide filter, issues with the analyser loosing calibration curve, may need replacement, online reading about 0.5 when handheld reading 0.3.

Corrective actions - Cross check online turbidity with Hand held instrument - Look at pressure differentials across filters - Check turbidity of Raw water - Check upstream chemical dosing - Notify TO NOTE: Plant will shut down on high turbidity of 0.8 NTU after 10 min operation and if flow through plant drops below minimum level.

Corrective actions - Contact TO - TO to inform water process manager - Manager to call PHU - Follow AL steps - Check turbidity in Clear Water Tank, and if exceeds 1 NTU, empty and scour tank - Check turbidity in mains and if exceeds 1 NTU, Flush mains -Management to consider the need to initiate an incident response. - Complete Incident Notification Form* NOTE: Trip alarm through Radtell - remote dial in to check why tripped.




98 AECOM


CCP ID BB3

What is the control point? Disinfection


What is being monitored? Free chlorine residual

What will initiate response? In response to low chlorine residual (online monitoring leaving CWT)

Target 1.5 mg/L

Alert Level 1 mg/L

Critical Limit 0.8 mg/L

Monitoring Systems Monitoring parameter: Free chlorine residual Monitoring location: CWT outlet Monitoring frequency: Online monitoring - Routine site and equipment checks at - Dosing rate checks - Disinfection residual checks performed at the outlet of reservoirs - Instrument calibration - Record on calibration sheets

Corrective actions - Check primary dosing equipment and hypo concentration - Check disinfection levels from primary dosing and adjust as required - Check raw water conditions - Check upstream processes (pH correction, filtration) - Check integrity of Clear Water Tank for any breaches or unauthorised access - Check chlorine residuals at the reservoir (refer to chlorine SOP)* - Sampling and flushing in the distribution network as necessary - Consider reticulation scouring or flushing - Add hypochlorite strength test as a check at Adjustment level - Contact TO

Corrective actions - Follow AL corrective actions - Take micro-sample - Inform TO - TO to contact manager - Manager to contact PHU - Management to consider the need to initiate an incident response. - Complete Incident Notification Form*

*Incident Notification Form & Chlorine SOP still to be developed



99 AECOM


CCP ID BB4

What is the control point? Reservoirs

What are the hazards? All pathogens and All chemicals

What is being monitored? Reservoir integrity

What will initiate response? Any sign of reservoir integrity breach

Target No breach of reservoir integrity

Alert Level Any sign of integrity breach

Critical Limit Evidence of contamination

Monitoring Systems Monitoring parameter: Reservoir integrity Monitoring location: At reservoirs Monitoring frequency: Monthly visual inspection by operators - Visual inspection routine - Vermin inspection checklist - Scheduled reservoir cleaning

Corrective actions - Visual inspection (outside/inside) - Check chlorine residual (refer to chlorine SOP)* - Dose chlorine to reservoir and/or increase dose at plant, if needed - Contact TO - Repair breach of integrity

Corrective actions - Follow AL corrective actions - Take micro-sample - Remove contaminants, if safe to do so - Inform TO - TO to contact manager - Manager to contact PHU - Management to consider the need to initiate an incident response. - Complete Incident Notification Form*




100 AECOM


CCP ID BB5

What is the control point? Distribution



What will initiate response? In response to low free chlorine residual

Target > 0.3 mg/L

Alert Level < 0.2 mg/L

Critical Limit </= 0.1 mg/L

Monitoring Systems Monitoring parameter: Free chlorine residual Monitoring location: Sampling points in the distribution system Monitoring frequency: Manual water quality testing (5d/wk) - Calibration of instruments - Routine monitoring program

Corrective actions - One additional samples to confirm results, if first 2 results differ, take a 3rd sample - Test additional sample points within the distribution system for similar results - Confirm chlorine dose at reservoir is correct - Visual inspection of reservoir (refer to reservoir SOP)* - If chlorine residual is correct flush affected mains - If not obvious sign of contamination at reservoir check chlorine dose at plant (refer to chlorine SOP)* - Contact TO

Corrective actions - Contact TO - TO to inform water process manager - Manager to call PHU - Follow AL steps - Visual inspection of mains - Management to consider the need to initiate an incident response. - Complete Incident Notification Form*

*Incident Notification Form, Reservoir SOP & Chlorine SOP still to be developed



101 AECOM

Critical Control Points Reference Guide – Crescent Head, Kempsey Shire Council



Cre

scent H

ead

CH1 Disinfection All pathogens Total

Chlorine 4-6 mg/L 3 mg/L 1 mg/L

CH2 Reservoirs All pathogens

and All chemicals

Reservoir integrity


CH3 Rising Main All pathogens Turbidity <1 NTU >2 NTU >5 NTU

CH4 Distribution All pathogens Total

Chlorine 1.5mg/L 1 mg/L 0.5mg/L






102 AECOM

Water Supply System Crescent Head

CCP ID CH1



What is being monitored? Total chlorine residual

What will initiate response? In response to low chlorine residual

Target 4-6 mg/L

Alert Level 3 mg/L

Critical Limit 1 mg/L

Monitoring Systems Monitoring parameter: Total chlorine residual Monitoring location: Rising Main Monitoring frequency: Daily - Routine site and equipment checks at - Dosing rate checks - Disinfection residual checks performed at the outlet of reservoirs - Instrument calibration - Record on calibration sheets

Corrective actions - Check primary dosing equipment and gas cylinder weight - - Check disinfection levels from primary dosing and adjust as required - Check raw water conditions – eg Turbidity - Check storage dam for any signs of contamination of check Clear Water Tank for any breaches or unauthorised access - Check chlorine residuals at the reservoir (refer to chlorine SOP)* - Sampling and flushing in the distribution network as necessary - Consider reticulation scouring or flushing - Dose chlorine to reservoir and/or increase dose at plant, if needed - Contact TO





103 AECOM


CCP ID CH2








Monitoring Systems Monitoring parameter: Reservoir integrity Monitoring location: At reservoirs Monitoring frequency: Monthly inspection by operators - Visual inspection routine - Vermin inspection checklist - Scheduled reservoir cleaning

Corrective actions - Visual inspection (outside/inside) - Check chlorine residual (refer to chlorine SOP)* - Dose chlorine to reservoir and/or increase dose at plant, if needed - Contact TO - Repair breach of integrity





104 AECOM


CCP ID CH3

What is the control point? Rising Main



What will initiate response? Test on turbidity grab sample

Target <1 NTU

Alert Level >2 NTU


Monitoring Systems Monitoring parameter: Turbidity Monitoring location: Rising main Monitoring frequency: 6 days per week - Calibration of instruments - Routine monitoring program

Corrective actions - Undertake at a minimum 3 manual tests - Check turbidity of raw water - Investigate bore integrity and aeration tank for contamination - Test turbidity for each bore and isolate problem bore - Check upstream chemical dosing – eg lime overdose - Check turbidity and chlorine levels at Back Beach Reservoir residual (refer to chlorine SOP)* - Dose chlorine to reservoir and/or increase dose at plant, if needed - Notify TO

Corrective actions - Contact TO - TO to inform water process manager - Manager to call PHU - Follow AL stepsShutdown the treatment plant - Isolate & scour the reservoir if turbidity >5 NTU -Check turbidity in distribution and Flush mains if appropriate - Complete Incident Notification Form* -Management consider implementation of Incident Plan of Action – refer to Incident and Emergency Response Plan (eg boil water alert or water carting)




105 AECOM


CCP ID CH4



What is being monitored? Total chlorine residual


Target 1.5 mg/L

Alert Level 1 mg/L



Corrective actions - One additional samples to confirm results, if first 2 results differ, take a 3rd sample - Test additional sample points within the distribution system for similar results - Confirm chlorine dose at reservoir is correct - Visual inspection of reservoir (refer to reservoir SOP)* - If chlorine residual is correct flush affected mains - If not obvious sign of contamination at reservoir check chlorine dose at plant (refer to chlorine SOP)* - Contact TO

Corrective actions - Contact TO - TO to inform water process manager - Manager to call PHU - Follow AL steps - Visual inspection of mains - Consider flushing if appropriate - Management to consider the need to initiate an incident response. - Complete Incident Notification Form*




106 AECOM

Critical Control Points Reference Guide – Hat Head, Kempsey Shire Council

System CCP ID Control Point

Hazard Control


Hat H

ead

HH1 Disinfection All pathogens Free

Chlorine 1 mg/L 0.8 mg/L 0.5 mg/L

HH2 Reservoirs All pathogens and

all chemicals Reservoir integrity


HH3 Reservoirs All pathogens Turbidity <1 NTU >2 NTU >5 NTU

HH4 Distribution All pathogens Free







107 AECOM

Water Supply System Hat Head

CCP ID HH1





Target 1 mg/L

Alert Level 0.8 mg/L


Monitoring Systems Monitoring parameter: Free chlorine residual Monitoring location: Outlet from reservoir Monitoring frequency: 6 days per week (online instrument but not continuously remotely monitored) - Routine site and equipment checks - Dosing rate checks - Disinfection residual checks performed at the outlet of reservoirs - Instrument calibration - Record on calibration sheets

Corrective actions - Check primary dosing equipment and hypo concentration - Contact Water Process Technical Officer - Check disinfection levels from primary dosing and adjust as required - Check raw water conditions - Check integrity of Reservoirs for any breaches or unauthorised access - Check chlorine residuals at the reservoir (refer to chlorine SOP) - Sampling and flushing in the distribution network as necessary - Dose chlorine to reservoir and/or increase dose at plant, if needed - Consider reticulation scouring or flushing





108 AECOM


CCP ID HH2


What are the hazards? All pathogens and all chemicals






Monitoring Systems Monitoring parameter: Reservoir integrity Monitoring location: At reservoirs Monitoring frequency: Visual inspection and/or via public notification (6d/wk) - Visual inspection routine - Vermin inspection checklist - Scheduled reservoir cleaning

Corrective actions - Visual inspection (outside/inside) - Check chlorine residual (refer to chlorine SOP) - Dose chlorine to reservoir and/or increase dose at plant, if needed - Contact TO - Repair breach of integrity





109 AECOM


CCP ID HH3

What is the control point? Raw Water Inlet



What will initiate response? Online turbidity probe result

Target <1 NTU

Alert Level >2 NTU


Monitoring Systems Monitoring parameter: Turbidity Monitoring location: Raw Water Inlet Monitoring frequency: 6 days per week (online instrument but not continuously remotely monitored) - Calibration of instruments - Routine monitoring program

Corrective actions - Cross check online turbidity with Hand held instrument - Undertake at a minimum 3 manual tests - Investigate bore integrity - Test turbidity for each bore and isolate problem bore - Check turbidity and chlorine levels in reservoir (refer to chlorine SOP)* - Dose chlorine to reservoir and/or increase dose at plant, if needed - Notify TO

Corrective actions - Contact TO - TO to inform water process manager - Manager to call PHU - Follow AL steps - Shutdown the treatment plant - Isolate & scour the reservoir if turbidity >5 NTU - Check turbidity in distribution and Flush mains if appropriate - Complete Incident Notification Form* -Management consider implementation of Incident Plan of Action – refer to Incident and Emergency Response Plan (eg boil water alert or water carting)




110 AECOM


CCP ID HH4





Target >0.3 mg/L

Alert Level <0.2 mg/L

Critical Limit </= 0.1mg/L


Corrective actions - One additional samples to confirm results, if first 2 results differ, take a 3rd sample - Test additional sample points within the distribution system for similar results - Confirm chlorine dose at reservoir is correct - Visual inspection of reservoir (refer to reservoir SOP) - If chlorine residual is correct flush affected mains - If not obvious sign of contamination at reservoir check chlorine dose at plant (refer to chlorine SOP) - Contact TO





111 AECOM

Critical Control Points Reference Guide – South West Rocks, Kempsey Shire Council



South

West R

ocks

SWR1 Filtration All

pathogens Turbidity 0.1 NTU 0.5 NTU >1 NTU

SWR2 Disinfection All

pathogens Free

Chlorine 2 mg/L 1.5 mg/L 1 mg/L

SWR3 Fluoridation Fluoride Fluoride

1 mg/L (leaving WFP, leaving reservoir and

throughout distribution system)

<0.9 mg/L or >1.1 mg/L (calculated daily concentration)

OR

1.2 – 1.5 mg/L (concentration leaving reservoir)

OR

>1.5 mg/L (concentration leaving WFP)

>1.5 mg/L (calculated daily concentration)

OR

>1.4 mg/L (concentration leaving reservoir)

SWR4 Reservoirs

All pathogens

and all chemicals

Reservoir integrity


SWR5 Distribution All

pathogens Free







112 AECOM

Water Supply System South West Rocks

CCP ID SWR1





Target 0.1 NTU

Alert Level 0.5 NTU

Critical Limit > 1 NTU

Monitoring Systems Monitoring parameter: Turbidity Monitoring location: Clear Water Tank Monitoring frequency: Continuous - Calibration of online instrumentation - Routine monitoring - Daily automatic backwashing and extended backwashing - Regular MIT and Manual initiated clean, membrane replacement and repair program - any actions related to coagulants, pH correction, screen at head of plant, pH correction of membrane sump, etc.

Corrective actions - Cross check online turbidity with Hand held instrument - Check trans-membrane Pressure and initiate a CIP if required - Check turbidity of Raw water - Check upstream chemical dosing - Isolation of modules that may be leaking - Notify TO NOTE: CWT analyser is not working in combination with the SCADA which MCT looking at it.

Corrective actions - Contact TO - TO to inform water process manager - Manager to call PHU - Follow AL steps - Automatic shutdown of treatment plant - Check Reservoir Turbidity - Consider Isolation & scour the reservoir - Check turbidity in distribution and Flush mains if appropriate - Complete Incident Notification Form* if automatic shutdown has failed -Management consider implementation of Incident Plan of Action – refer to Emergency and Incident Management Plan (eg boil water alert or water carting) NOTE: Trip alarm through Radtel - remote dial in to check why tripped.




113 AECOM


CCP ID SWR2





Target 2 mg/L


Critical Limit 1 mg/L

Monitoring Systems Monitoring parameter: Free chlorine residual Monitoring location: WTP outlet Monitoring frequency: Online monitoring - Routine site and equipment checks - Dosing rate checks - Disinfection residual checks performed at the outlet of reservoirs - Instrument calibration - Record on calibration sheets

Corrective actions - Check primary dosing equipment and hypo concentration - Contact Water Process Technical Officer - Check disinfection levels from primary dosing and adjust as required (refer chlorine SOP) - Check raw water conditions - Check upstream processes (mixing tanks, pH correction, membrane filters) - Check disinfection levels in Reservoir (refer Reservoir SOP) - Consider reticulation scouring or flushing





114 AECOM


CCP ID SWR3

What is the control point? Fluoridation

What are the hazards? Over or under-dose of fluoride

What is being monitored? Fluoride concentration (daily sampling at WFP and reservoir, daily concentration calculation)

What will initiate response? In response to low or high fluoride concentration

Target Leaving WFP, leaving reservoir and throughout

distribution system 1.0 mg/L

Alert Level Calculated daily concentration 0.9 or 1.1 mg/L OR Concentration leaving reservoir 1.2 mg/L OR concentration leaving WFP > 1.5 mg/L

Critical Limit Calculated daily concentration >1.5 mg/L OR Concentration leaving reservoir >1.4

mg/L

Monitoring Systems Monitoring parameter: Fluoride Monitoring location: Monitoring out of the plant, out of the reservoir and throughout distribution system Monitoring frequency: Daily/weekly - Visual inspection of the system - Raw water testing as required - Daily measurement of volume treated and weight

fluoride dosed with calculation of average daily fluoride concentration

- Daily testing at outlet to water filtration plant and outlet from South West Rocks service reservoir

- Weekly testing in distribution system

Corrective actions - Confirm calculations or resample and test - Conduct screw feeder and pump drop

tests - Confirm current WTP flow rate and

fluoride dosing rate - Adjust fluoride powder screw feeder - Test concentration leaving WTP more

frequently - Consider temporarily shutting down

fluoride dosing system

Corrective actions - Shutdown fluoride dosing system. - Test fluoride in reservoirs and

reticulation - Identify cause & rectify problem - Consider contacting the following for

advice: o NOW Regional Officer: Graham

Campbell (Ph: (02) 4904 2517, Mb: 0419 620 990), and Public Health Unit (PHU): Kerryn Lawrence (Ph: (02) 6588 2750, AH: 0428 882 805)

- Refer to Fluoride Response Plan



115 AECOM


CCP ID SWR4


What are the hazards? All pathogens and all chemicals






Monitoring Systems Monitoring parameter: Reservoir integrity Monitoring location: At reservoirs Monitoring frequency: Visual inspection and/or via public notification (6d/wk) - Visual inspection routine - Vermin inspection checklist - Scheduled Reservoir Cleaning

Corrective actions - Visual inspection (outside/inside) - Check chlorine residual (refer to chlorine SOP) - Dose chlorine to reservoir and/or increase dose at plant, if needed (refer reservoir SOP) - Contact TO - Repair breach of integrity





116 AECOM


CCP ID SWR5





Target >0.3mg/L

Alert Level <0.2 mg/L

Critical Limit </= 0.1mg/L


Corrective actions - One additional samples to confirm results, if first 2 results differ, take a 3rd sample - Test additional sample points within the distribution system for similar results - Confirm chlorine residual at reservoir is correct - Visual inspection of reservoir (refer to reservoir SOP) - If chlorine residual is correct flush affected mains - If not obvious sign of contamination at reservoir check chlorine dose at plant (refer to chlorine SOP) - Contact TO

Corrective actions - Contact TO - TO to inform water process manager - Manager to call PHU - Follow AL steps - Visual inspection of mains - Consider flushing if appropriate- Management to consider the need to initiate an incident response. - Complete Incident Notification Form*




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Critical Control Points Reference Guide – Stuarts Point, Kempsey Shire Council



Stu

art

s P

oin

t

SP1 Filtration All pathogens Turbidity 0.3 NTU 0.8 NTU 1 NTU

SP2 Disinfection All pathogens Free


SP3 Reservoirs All pathogens and

all chemicals Reservoir integrity


SP4 Distribution All pathogens Free







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Water Supply System Stuarts Point

CCP ID SP1





Target 0.3 NTU

Alert Level 0.8 NTU

Critical Limit 1 NTU

Monitoring Systems Monitoring parameter: Turbidity Monitoring location: Post Filtration (Inlet to CWT) Monitoring frequency: Daily hand held unit tests - Calibration of instruments - Routine monitoring program

Corrective actions - Test water quality on top of filters - Adjust air-line and check air-line is working - Check for filter blockage - Check turbidity of Raw water - Check upstream chemical dosing - Notify TO

Corrective actions - Contact TO - TO to inform water process manager - Manager to call PHU - Follow AL steps - Shutdown treatment plant - Check Reservoir Turbidity - Consider Isolation & scour the reservoir -Check turbidity in distribution and Flush mains if appropriate - Complete Incident Notification Form* -Management consider implementation of Incident Plan of Action – refer to Incident and Emergency Response Plan (eg boil water alert or water carting) NOTE: Trip alarm through Radtell - remote dial in to check why tripped




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CCP ID SP2





Target 1.3 mg/L

Alert Level 1 mg/L


Monitoring Systems Monitoring parameter: Free chlorine residual Monitoring location: CWT outlet (Rising Main) Monitoring frequency: Manual sample (6d/wk) - Routine site and equipment checks - Dosing rate checks - Disinfection residual checks performed at the outlet of reservoirs - Online chlorine monitoring at reservoir - Instrument calibration - Record on calibration sheets

Corrective actions - Check primary dosing equipment and hypo concentration - Contact Water Process Technical Officer - Check disinfection levels from primary dosing and adjust as required (refer chlorine SOP) - Check raw water conditions - Check upstream processes (coagulation, pH correction, filtration) - Check disinfection levels in Reservoir (refer Reservoir SOP) - Check integrity of Clear water tank for any breaches or unauthorised entry - Consider reticulation scouring or flushing





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CCP ID SP3














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CCP ID SP4





Target > 0.3 mg/L









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Critical Control Points Reference Guide – Willawarrin, Kempsey Shire Council



Will

iaw

arr

in

WW1 Catchment and

Abstraction Cryptosporidium Turbidity 0.6 NTU1 1 NTU1 2 NTU1

WW2 Disinfection All pathogens Free

Chlorine 1 mg/L 0.8 mg/L 0.5 mg/L

WW3 Reservoirs All pathogens

and all chemicals

Reservoir integrity


WW4 Distribution All pathogens Free

Chlorine 0.7 mg/L 0.5 mg/L 0.3 mg/L




NOTE: 1 As discussed in the February 2014 workshop, NSW Health are currently in the process of instigating an investigation into the correlation between cryptosporidium CFUs and turbidity. The subsequent results will inform Councils’ turbidity targets to mitigate the cryptosporidium hazard at the catchment and abstraction stage. Results from this investigation will be used to update the turbidity limits above.



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Water Supply System Willawarrin

CCP ID WW1

What is the control point? Catchment and Abstraction

What are the hazards? Cryptosporidium and All Pathogens


What will initiate response? Bellbrook Online Turbidity result

Target 0.6 NTU

Alert Level 1 NTU

Critical Limit 2 NTU

Monitoring Systems Monitoring parameter: Turbidity Monitoring location: Bellbrook Online Raw water Turbidity analyser and manual test in Raw water at Willawarrin Monitoring frequency: Continuous online - Calibration of online instruments - Routine monitoring program

Corrective actions - Attend Site and check - Manually test raw water turbidity - Shutdown bore pumps - Commence water carting - Contact TO

Corrective actions - Contact TO - TO to inform water process manager - Manager to call PHU - Follow AL steps - Flush mains continue water carting until turbidity drops - Complete Incident Notification Form -Management consider implementation of Incident Plan of Action – refer to Emergency and Incident Management Plan (eg boil water alert or water carting)




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CCP ID WW2





Target 1 mg/L



Monitoring Systems Monitoring parameter: Free chlorine residual Monitoring location: Reservoir Monitoring frequency: Continuous - Routine site and equipment checks - Dosing rate checks - Disinfection residual checks performed at the outlet of reservoirs - Instrument calibration - Record on calibration sheets - Measure raw water turbidity

Corrective actions - Check primary dosing equipment and hypo concentration - Contact Water Process Technical Officer - Check disinfection levels from primary dosing and adjust as required (refer chlorine SOP) - Check raw water conditions - Check upstream processes (coagulation, pH correction, filtration) - Check disinfection levels in Reservoir (refer Reservoir SOP) - Check integrity of reservoir for any breaches or unauthorised access - Sampling and flushing in the distribution network as necessary





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CCP ID WW3














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CCP ID WW4




What will initiate response? Iin response to low free chlorine residual

Target 0.7 mg/L









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Critical Control Points Reference Guide – Kempsey & Lower Macleay, Kempsey Shire Council



Kem

psey a

nd L

ow

er

Macle

ay


All pathogens


KLM2 SM Dam water

Extraction All


KLM3 SM Dam water

Extraction





1



Pathogens Free


KLM5 Reservoirs

All pathogens

and all chemicals

Reservoir integrity



pathogens Free







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Water Supply System Kempsey & Lower Macleay

CCP ID KLM 1

What is the control point? Bore Water Extraction

What are the hazards? All Pathogens


Where is it being measured? Continuous online turbidity monitoring at Sherwood Lime Plant and manual test of raw water at SM Dam inlet race

Frequency of testing. Online daily, Manual test 3 times / week

Responsibility Operator Water Process

Target <1 NTU

Alert Level >2 NTU


Monitoring Systems

Observe weather and flood warnings

Conduct routine Bore maintenance program to ensure bore casing intact & bore pump functioning is suitable

Monitor and measure raw water turbidity

Visual checks on incoming water to Steuart McIntyre Dam Inlet Race.

Equipment checks

Instrument calibration

Corrective actions

Check recharge channel for any water quality impacts, such as flooding

Check bore field for signs of damage to bore or any impacts to sites areas around bores

Investigate operating bores in use at time of sampling to identify source of increased Tb levels

Contact TO

Make arrangements for isolation & repairs to problem bore

Corrective actions Cease Bore water extraction

Contact TO (WPTO)

Follow all Adjustment Limit steps

TO to inform Water Process Manager.

Manager to contact PHU

Management to consider the need to initiate an incident response.

Complete Incident Notification Form*




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CCP ID KLM 2

What is the control point? Steuart McIntyre Dam Water Extraction



Where is it being measured? Manual test on SM Dam outlet

Frequency of testing. Daily


Target <1 NTU

Alert Level >2 NTU


Monitoring Systems

Maintain dam at approximately 53m AHD (96% level) when possible.

Observe weather warnings

Weekly shore line monitoring for points of erosion (boat and vehicle)

Routine testing

Routine monitoring including compressor run times

Aeration system to be run for 6 hours during night to mix water body


Record on electronic spreadsheets

Corrective actions

Contact TO

Increase shore line and downwind surface observations

Check online temperature trends to determine if dam has inverted

Increase monitoring from different levels of offtakes.

Select the most suitable offtake level

Identify source of elevated turbidity and if not found, check aeration line for correct operation

Adjust aeration system operational times

Increase algae monitoring if algae detected

Adjust disinfection levels at treatment site.

Check Sherwood Lime plant to make sure it will run if needed

Record actions taken on electronic spreadsheets

Corrective actions Contact TO




Management to consider starting Sherwood Lime Plant (alternative supply).


Continue to monitor Dam when alternative water source is in use.




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CCP ID KLM 3

What is the control point? Steuart McIntyre Dam Water Extraction

What are the hazards? Taste and Odour Compounds, Algae Toxins

What is being monitored? Algae Counts

Where is it being measured? Manual sampling and analysis of Dam profile – MIB, Geosmin and Algae Biovolume

Frequency of testing. Monthly to weekly – refer to “KSC BGA Notification and Response Procedure”


Target No No Detected T&O or Algae biovolume

below detection limit

Alert Level

Noticeable T& O or

Algae biovolume at alert level 1

Critical Limit

MIB/Geosmin > 10 ug/L or

Algae biovolume at alert level 2

Monitoring Systems

Maintain dam at approximately 53m AHD (96% level) when possible.

Observe weather warnings

Weekly shore line monitoring for points of erosion (boat and vehicle)

Routine testing

Routine monitoring including compressor run times

Aeration system to be run for 6 hours during night to mix water body


Record on electronic spreadsheets

Corrective actions

Contact TO

Increase shore line and downwind surface observations

Start in-house T&O testing of boiled water by operational staff

Consider reviewing the aeration operation rates in consultation with the Laboratory.

Consider benthic algae inspection and sampling

Increase visual monitoring for the formation of surface scum

Select the most suitable offtake level

Adjust aeration system operational times

TO to refer to “KSC BGA Notification and Response Procedure”.

Check Sherwood Lime plant to make sure it will run if needed

Record actions taken on electronic spreadsheets





Management to consider starting Sherwood Lime Plant (alternative supply).


Continue to monitor Dam, as per “KSC BGA Notification and Response Procedure” when alternative water source is in use.




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CCP ID KLM 4



What is being monitored? Free Chlorine Residual

Where is it being measured? Manual sampling at Reservoirs – Greenhill, John Lane and Potters Hill Reservoirs



Target 1.4 mg/L



Monitoring Systems

Routine site and equipment checks at Steuart McIntyre Dam WTP/ SLP

Dosing rate checks

Disinfection residual checks performed at the outlet of Reservoirs


Record on calibration and electronic spreadsheets

Corrective actions

Perform top up dosing to maintain adequate residuals or scour and turnover supply if levels are high (Refer to Chlorine SOP)*

Contact TO

Check integrity of Reservoirs for any breaches or unauthorised access

Check primary dosing equipment and hypo concentration

Check disinfection levels from primary dosing and adjust as required

Check raw water (SMD or Bores) conditions

Detailed system inspection and increased monitoring from key locations

Sampling and flushing in the distribution network as necessary






Management consider implementation of

Incident Plan of Action – refer Incident and Emergency Response Plan (eg boil water

alert)




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CCP ID KLM 5


What are the hazards? All Pathogens and All Chemicals

What is being monitored? Reservoir Integrity

Where is it being measured? At Reservoirs

Frequency of testing. Monthly Visual Inspection





Monitoring Systems

Visual inspection routine

Vermin inspection checklist

Scheduled Contractor cleaning

Corrective actions

Visual inspection (outside/inside)

Check chlorine residual

Dose chlorine to reservoir and/or increase dose at plant, if needed (refer to chlorine SOP)*

Contact TO

Repair breach of integrity

Increase inspections until repaired

Record actions in electronic spreadsheets

Corrective actions Follow AL corrective actions

Take micro-sample

Remove contaminants, if safe to do so

Inform TO

TO to contact manager

TO to complete an KSC Incident Report if necessary (damage to property)




Incident Plan of Action – refer to Incident and Emergency Response Plan (eg boil water

alert)




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CCP ID KLM 6



What is being monitored? Free Chlorine

Where is it being measured? Manual testing at designated monitoring sites in distribution system



Target > 0.3 mg/L



Monitoring Systems

Calibration of instruments

Routine monitoring program

Scheduled mains cleaning

Corrective actions

One additional samples to confirm results, if first 2 results differ, take a 3rd sample

Test additional sample points within the distribution system for similar results

Confirm chlorine residual at reservoir is correct

Visual inspection of reservoir (refer to Reservoir SOP & chlorine SOP)*

If chlorine residual is correct flush affected mains

If not obvious sign of contamination at reservoir check chlorine dose at plant

Contact TO


TO to inform Manager Water Process

Manager to call PHU

Follow AL steps

Visual inspection of mains



Incident Plan of Action – refer Incident and Emergency Response Plan (eg boil water

alert)




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Appendix C

Document Register



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Appendix D

Response Protocols for Water Quality Incidents



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Figure 16 Response protocol for microbiological quality incident



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Figure 17 Response protocol for physical and chemical quality incidents

Drinking Water Management System - Kempsey Shire · 2015-04-15 · Drinking Water Management System...

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