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Drift Prevention - Essential Component of Energy Efficiency Program
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A-401, 125 Jiangsu Road North, Shanghai 200042, China Email: [email protected] Tel: +86 21 6226 9775 Fax: +86 21 6226 2523 www.baselinechina.com An essential component of any Energy Efficiency program Drift Prevention Mike Hall - Director of Product Development Green Drinks Shanghai, 16 Oct 2014
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Australian Mike Hall has a wide-ranging background in technology, education, media and product design. As Director of Product Development for Baseline, Mike has designed and implemented an integrated digital platform to manage the entire process of designing, constructing and maintaining commercial buildings. Mike has lived in Shanghai for last eight years. In this presentation Mike talks about how can the savings achieved by investing in high-tech, high-efficiency systems be maintained? It is now widely acknowledged that the energy using systems in commercial buildings ‘drift’ away form their energy-optimised state over time. Studies have found that efficiency losses of between 10% to 30% are common within the first two years. How can this slide be arrested?
Transcript of Drift Prevention - Essential Component of Energy Efficiency Program
A-401, 125 Jiangsu Road North, Shanghai 200042, China Email: [email protected] Tel: +86 21 6226 9775 Fax: +86 21 6226 2523 www.baselinechina.com
An essential component of any Energy Efficiency program Drift Prevention
Mike Hall - Director of Product Development Green Drinks Shanghai, 16 Oct 2014
About Baseline Baseline provides engineering-based energy efficiency and sustainability services to the owners and operators of commercial, hospitality and distribution facilities
Over the last eight years, through a combination of design, project management, commissioning and remote management technologies and services we have achieved over RMB 300,000,000 in energy savings for our valued customers below.
Energy efficiency progression
Energy usage
Time
Actual result!
Goal: increased efficiency!
Set and forget Constant improvement
DRIFT
Today’s topic
Talk to us!
Initial Energy efficiency measures
implemented
What is drift?
§ The electrical/mechanical systems in facilities ‘drift’ away from their optimal performance levels over
time
§ The primary causes of drift are:
1. Mechanical wear and tear
2. Equipment adjustments by facility staff
3. Service technicians change controller
setpoints to solve unrelated issues
Drift causes energy wastage and equipment breakdowns
The impact of drift
§ Energy usage drift in commercial building
results in efficiency losses of 10%-30% within the first 2 years*
§ Our experience: 60% of energy saving devices installed do not operate in accordance with their original design intent
*Study for commercial building in US by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
(and often don’t operate at all!)
Examples of drift
Lighting Control bypass Scenario:
§ Automatic time-based lighting control has been installed in a new facility and is programmed to match the facility’s business hours
§ The facility changes its operating hours
§ Rather than reprogramming the controller, staff take the ‘easier’ option of switching the lighting to manual operation
Impact:
§ Lighting control is no longer automated so energy is wasted when staff forget to switch off lights at the correct times
§ The initial investment made in digital control is wasted
Refrigeration setpoint change
Scenario:
§ A refrigeration display showcase is not achieving correct temperature
§ A refrigeration service technician is dispatched to fix the problem
§ Rather than successfully locating the root cause of the issue, the technician takes the easier option of simply reducing the suction pressure setpoint
Impact:
§ The change in suction setpoint does reduce the showcase temperature
§ However, change also masks the real cause of the temperature issue
§ Refrigeration energy usage is unnecessary increased by approx. 1.5% for every 1psig the suction pressure is reduced
VFD override Scenario: § Variable frequency drives (VFDs) are installed on a
building’s air conditioning chilled water pumps as part of an energy retrofit
§ The VFDs are controlled using a digital control system
§ However, the facility maintenance personnel continue to operate the pumps and VFDs manually because they believe they can save more energy
Impact: § The maintenance personnel are not actually smarter
than the computerised controls and they do not understand how VFDs save energy
§ The VFDs do not achieve anything close to the estimated energy savings
Think you can you beat the machine? If a system has two 45kW chilled water circulation pumps, should you run one at 100%, or both pumps at 50%?
33.7kW or 75% difference
45kW @ 100% Speed
Input = 45kW
Pump 1
Input = 0kW
Pump 2
Total Input = 45kW
Manual Control Method
45kW @ 0%
Speed
Pump 1
Input = 5.65kW
(0.53 or 12.5%)
Total Input = 11.3kW
Automatic Control Method
Input = 5.65kW
(0.53 or 12.5%)
Pump 2
45kW @ 50%
Speed
45kW @ 50%
Speed
Preventing drift
Don’t touch!
Make it extremely difficult for anybody to override automated controls:
§ Do not install manual controls on electrical switch boards
§ Require any changes to schedules/setpoints/control strategies to be made by authorised personnel only (e.g. remotely by head office)
Detection of drift
Implement a robust energy management system:
§ Monitor overall facility energy usage to quickly detect excessive energy usage
§ Detect equipment status and anomaly to ensure devices are operating correctly
§ Can be done remotely for multisite operators
Benchmark energy usage
Detect Anomalies E.g. A ventilation fan running even when facility closed
The fan motor
current is 2.6A
The controller is telling the fan to stop
An alarm alerts the correct personnel to the anomaly
In this example, we found the facility staff had switched the fan control to manual and then forgotten to turn it off again, or back to auto control
Fix at the source
Close the loop from detecting drift to rectification of the root cause
§ Validate that corrective action has been taken (remote or onsite)
§ Track on-going facility energy usage and/or equipment status to ensure efficiency returns to required levels
A-401, 125 Jiangsu Road North, Shanghai 200042, China Email: [email protected] Tel: +86 21 6226 9775 Fax: +86 21 6226 2523 www.baselinechina.com
Thank you
