Drew USAHA 2016 Idaho elk brucellosis USAHA 2016 Idaho elk...1500 hunter test kits sent out 157...
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11/4/2016 1 Mark L. Drew, DVM Wildlife Health Laboratory Idaho Department of Fish and Game Caldwell, Idaho • Brucellosis in elk in eastern Idaho known since 1998 • Unlikely to affect long term population viability of elk Occurs in restricted area of Idaho Limited number of elk in E. ID Small proportion of elk population in E. ID affected Unlikely to affect long term population viability of elk • Management of brucellosis is largely through preventing elk-cattle interactions during high risk period • Elk populations in Idaho How many elk are there? Where are elk found? How do elk move over the landscape? • Brucellosis in elk in Idaho How is testing for brucellosis done in Idaho? How many seropositive elk have been found? Where have the seropositive elk been found? • Brucellosis management in Idaho Elk-cattle separation during the high risk period Elk population management strategies Population surveys Population objectives GMU and Management Zones
Transcript of Drew USAHA 2016 Idaho elk brucellosis USAHA 2016 Idaho elk...1500 hunter test kits sent out 157...
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Mark L. Drew, DVM Wildlife Health Laboratory
Idaho Department of Fish and Game Caldwell, Idaho
• Brucellosis in elk in eastern Idaho known since 1998
• Unlikely to affect long term population viability of elk
Occurs in restricted area of Idaho
Limited number of elk in E. ID
Small proportion of elk population in E. ID affected
Unlikely to affect long term population viability of elk
• Management of brucellosis is largely through preventing elk-cattle interactions during high risk period
• Elk populations in Idaho
How many elk are there?
Where are elk found?
How do elk move over the landscape?
• Brucellosis in elk in Idaho
How is testing for brucellosis done in Idaho?
How many seropositive elk have been found?
Where have the seropositive elk been found?
• Brucellosis management in Idaho
Elk-cattle separation during the high risk period
Elk population management strategies
Population surveys
Population objectives
GMU and Management Zones
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Island Park Zone (GMU 60, 60A, 61, 62, 62A) 2016 survey – 2693 elk + 483 calves
Palisades Zone (GMU 64, 65, 67) 2009 survey – 557 elk + 123 calves
Tex Creek Zone (GMU 66, 69) 2013 survey – 2793 elk + 1078 calves
Diamond Creek Zone (GMU 66A, 76) 2013 survey – 1802 elk + 532 calves
Total estimated elk – 7845 + 2216 calves10061 elk
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Live elk trapping Depredations, transplant, research Trapped elk bled and tested on site Standard plate and BAPA
Retest at Animal Health Lab in Boise SP, BAPA, Rivanol, CF and FPA
Live elk capture of live elk (drive net, dart, net gun) Research and management Tested at Animal Health Lab in Boise SP, BAPA, Rivanol, CF and FPA
Hunter killed elk Tested at Animal Health Lab in Boise SP, BAPA, Rivanol, CF and FPA
n H/QNS N S R Sero + (%)
AF 113 0 113 0 0 0.0
AM 0 0 5 0 0 0.0
C 263 0 262 1 0 0.38
Unk 0 0 0 0 0 0.0
Total 376 0 375 1 0 0.27
2015-16 Live elk samples (n=376)
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Total H/Q N S R Sero + (%)
AF 1783 6 1649 40 88 7.18
AM 247 1 234 5 7 4.86
C 955 13 911 16 15 3.25
Unk 180 0 177 0 3 1.67
Total 3165 20 2971 61 113 5.50
LIVE ELK SAMPLES 1999-2015 Zone n H/QNS N S R Sero + (%)
Dworshak 89 0 88 1 0 1.12
Lolo 98 0 97 1 0 1.02
Hells Canyon 25 0 25 0 0 0.0
Elk City 74 0 74 0 0 0.0
McCall 53 0 52 1 0 1.88
Middle Fork 61 0 61 0 0 0.0
Salmon 204 0 204 0 0 0.0
Beaverhead 111 0 111 0 0 0.0
Weiser River 63 0 62 1 0 1.58
Sawtooth 265 0 263 2 0 0.75
Pioneer 66 0 66 0 0 0.0
Boise River 98 0 97 2 0 2.04
Smokey Bennett 246 0 218 10 18 11.38
Owhyee 22 0 22 0 0 0.0
Snake River (R4) 19 0 19 0 0 0.0
Big Desert 3 0 3 0 0 0.0
Island Park 161 0 153 2 6 4.96
Snake River (R6) 157 0 157 0 0 0.0
Pallisades 519 0 398 34 87 23.31
Tex Creek 49 0 48 0 1 2.04
Diamond Creek 144 0 144 0 0 0.0
Bannock 177 0 175 1 1 1.12
1998-2015 Live elk samples by Zone
Holders of controlled hunt permits for cows Blood sample collection kits
Tested at Animal Health Lab in Boise SPT, BAPA, Rivanol, CF and FPA
Typically send out 1500-2000 kits annually Expect 10-15% return
Expect 50% of samples suitable for testing
Landowner kill permits in known brucellosis area
Depredation hunts in known brucellosis area
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1998-2015 4673 samples returned 3457 samples useable 97 samples seropositive suspect (n=20) or reactor (n=77)
Seroprevalence 2.7%
2015-16 1500 hunter test kits sent out 157 samples useable 12 samples seropositive Seroprevalence 7.79%
Seropositive elk 1998-2015 Only GMUs 59, 60, 60A, 61, 62, 62A, 64, 65, 66A, 67, and 76 Cross reactions to Yersinia spp. in some areas Geographical distribution stable between 1998 and 2009
n H/QNS N S R Sero + (%)
AF 118 2 107 2 7 7.76
AM 7 0 5 0 2 28.57
C 31 1 29 0 1 3.33
Unk 1 1 0 0 0 0.0
Total 157 3 142 2 10 7.79
2015-16 Hunter killed elk samples (n=157) GMU n H/QNS N S R Sero + (%)
60 15 0 14 0 1 6.67
60-2 3 0 3 0 0 0.0
60A 19 0 19 0 0 0.0
61 26 0 21 0 5 19.23
62 2 0 1 0 1 50.0
62-2 1 0 1 0 0 0.0
62A 2 0 1 0 1 50.0
63 5 0 5 0 0 0.0
66 2 0 2 0 0 0.0
66A 35 2 32 1 0 3.03
66/69 2 0 2 0 0 0.0
67 8 0 7 0 1 12.5
69 11 0 10 1 0 9.09
74 3 1 2 0 0 0.0
75 1 0 1 0 0 0.0
76 21 0 20 0 1 4.76
Total 157 3 142 2 10 7.79
2015-16 Hunter killed elk samples (n=157)
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Total H/Q N S R Sero + (%)
AF 3426 915 2447 14 50 2.55
AM 443 49 372 1 21 5.58
C 748 214 529 4 1 0.94
Unk 153 38 109 1 5 5.50
Total 4770 1216 3457 20 77 2.70
HUNTER KILLED ELK SAMPLES 1999-2015
98 99 00 01 02 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15
AF 117 17 108 178 237 210 179 157 181 21 62 190 227 160 299 126 118
AM 17 8 5 2 10 1 72 78 54 3 15 10 18 65 8 22 7
C 27 12 25 33 52 47 49 37 41 9 11 39 35 31 42 27 31
Unk 14 5 2 6 14 12 15 9 9 0 3 6 1 6 1 11 1
total 183 83 420 682 394 293 316 288 334 52 125 319 295 304 350 186 157
Good 175 62 140 219 313 270 315 281 285 33 91 245 281 262 247 183 154
Sero+ (%)
6.9 6.5 0.7 0.9 2.2 0.7 1.6 5.3 1.0 0.0 7.7 3.7 0.4 3.4 3.23 0.0 7.79
Seroprevalence includes only testable samples
Hunter killed elk samples 1998-20151998-2000 2001-2005 2006-2010 2011-2015 Total
GMU n % n % n % n % n %
59 24 0 7 0 42 2.38 90 1.11 163 1.23
60 3 0 67 1.49 44 0 30 3.33 144 1.39
60A 65 1.54 113 0 51 5.88 53 1.89 282 1.77
61 10 0 56 5.36 72 6.94 102 12.75 240 8.75
62 64 7.81 19 10.53 34 38.24 10 10.0 127 16.54
62A 5 40.0 31 0 47 2.13 15 13.33 98 5.10
64 10 10.0 5 0 4 0 5 0 24 4.17
65 6 0 4 0 17 11.76 3 0 30 6.67
66 12 0 5 0 15 0 28 7.14 60 3.33
66A 2 0 173 0.58 52 0 123 0.81 350 0.57
67 40 7.5 22 4.55 53 13.21 29 20.69 144 11.81
69 7 0 5 0 18 0 37 0 67 1.49
75 0 0 23 4.35 11 0 3 0 37 2.70
76 5 0 288 2.08 134 0.75 130 0.77 557 1.44
78 0 0 14 7.14 1 0 3 0 18 5.56
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Zone n H/QNS N S R Sero + (%)
McCall 40 54 40 0 0 0.0
Middle Fork 8 0 8 0 0 0.0
Salmon 8 2 8 1 0 0.0
Lemhi 215 12 215 0 0 0.0
Beaverhead 456 247 454 2 0 0.43
Sawtooth 8 64 8 0 0 0.0
Pioneer 65 9 65 0 0 0.0
Smokey Bennett 134 68 134 0 0 0.0
Big Desert 42 0 42 0 0 0.0
Island Park 1096 298 1060 6 30 3.20
Snake River (R6) 33 8 33 0 0 0.0
Pallisades 206 45 186 2 18 9.71
Tex Creek 132 69 131 1 0 0.75
Bannock 24 3 24 0 0 0.0
Diamond Creek 931 205 922 6 3 0.96
Bear River 61 7 58 2 1 4.91
1998-2015 Hunter killed elk samples by Zone
Cooperative effort between IDFG, ISDA and USDA to address the brucellosis issue in Idaho
Objectives Manage elk populations within the carrying capacity of
available winter habitat and provide for a harvestable surplus
Monitor elk and livestock for exposure to and infection with brucellosis and reduce brucellosis prevalence in elk
Habitat improvement to insure adequate areas of high quality winter and spring range necessary to support a stable and harvestable elk population
Maintain separation between elk and cattle during high risk period (January to June)
Maintain cattle health
Elk surveillance Controlled hunt tag holder Primarily cows 1000-1500 kits mailed per year 2013 started 3 area rotation – DSA, west, and south
Elk-cattle separation Hay stacks Winter feeding areas Habitat enhancement
Enhanced cattle testing Change of ownership Movement out of DSA
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Idah
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Wyo
min
g Haystacks Reg. 5 – 100 stackyards, 7 in DSA
Reg. 6 – unknown # stackyards, 26 in DSA
Cattle winter feeding enclosures (2008-2012) 6 completed, ranging from 20-350 acres Region 5 (n=1), Region 6 (n=5)
1 three sided drift fence, 3 miles total fence, completed Reg. 6
Elk depredations on hay or cattle feed lines Hazing, kill permits, depredation hunts
11 known interactions with cattle (2008-2015)
Area closures on Teton Front 6300 acres, primarily private property
Habitat improvement projects USFS, BLM and CRP
IDFG: Ted Chu, Jeff Copeland, Brad Compton, Daryl Meints, Paul Faulkner, Kim Ragotzkie, Russ Knight, Paul Attwood, Duston Cureton, Carl Anderson, Corey Class, Toby Boudreau, Don Jenkins, Jason Beck, Zach Lockyer, Steve Huffaker, Lonn Kuck, Jim Unsworth, Jeff Gould, Pam Bond, Scott Bergens, Stacey Dauwalter
ISDA: Bob Hillman, John Chatburn, Greg Ledbetter, Bill Barton, Deb Lawrence, Phil Mamer, Dan Crowell, Kendal Eyre, Mark Hyndman, Kelly Mortensen, Tom Williams
USDA: Cindy Gaborick, Mary Kay Tinker, RichanneLompkin, Tim Wetherbee
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