DRAFT ONLY 1 Recommendations for the Retention and Attraction of African Americans in San Francisco...

DRAFT ONLYDRAFT ONLY

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Recommendations for the Recommendations for the Retention and Attraction of African Retention and Attraction of African

AmericansAmericansinin

San FranciscoSan Francisco

African American Out-migration African American Out-migration

Task Force and Advisory CommitteeTask Force and Advisory Committee

* * * * * * * *

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BackgroundBackground

San Francisco Population By Race 1990, 2000, Estimated 2005

-50,000

100,000150,000200,000

250,000300,000350,000

400,000450,000

1990 2000 2005 Est.

White

African American

Asian /Pacific Islander

Latino

33


BackgroundBackground

Percent Change in San Francisco Population By Race

(35.0)

(30.0)

(25.0)

(20.0)

(15.0)

(10.0)

(5.0)

-

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

1990-2000 2000-2005

Perc

en

t C

han

ge

Latino

Asian/Pacific Islander

African American

White

Total

44


Project ScopeProject Scope Collect and analyze census and California State Department of Finance data Collect and analyze census and California State Department of Finance data

to better understand the demographics of the decline.to better understand the demographics of the decline.

Inventory existing city efforts aimed at or with potential to address the issue.Inventory existing city efforts aimed at or with potential to address the issue.

Survey existing and former residents to clarify factors contributing to flight.Survey existing and former residents to clarify factors contributing to flight.

Consult with cities that are considered attractive to African Americans.Consult with cities that are considered attractive to African Americans.

Assess weaknesses and gaps in the existing set of activities.Assess weaknesses and gaps in the existing set of activities.

Develop recommendations aimed at addressing weaknesses and filling gaps.Develop recommendations aimed at addressing weaknesses and filling gaps.

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Key FindingsKey Findings

African American families declined at a disproportionately greater rate African American families declined at a disproportionately greater rate than non-family African American households. than non-family African American households.

With decreasing numbers of moderate and above moderate income With decreasing numbers of moderate and above moderate income households since 1990, the percentage share of very low income households since 1990, the percentage share of very low income households increased from over one-half of African American households households increased from over one-half of African American households in 1990 to over two-thirds in 2005.in 1990 to over two-thirds in 2005.

In 2000, one quarter of African Americans lived in poverty, more than In 2000, one quarter of African Americans lived in poverty, more than twice the proportion of non-African Americans.twice the proportion of non-African Americans.

The unemployment rate among Blacks in the labor force from 1990 to The unemployment rate among Blacks in the labor force from 1990 to 2005 was consistently over twice that of non-Blacks.2005 was consistently over twice that of non-Blacks.

66


From 1997 to 2002, Black-owned businesses declined by nearly one From 1997 to 2002, Black-owned businesses declined by nearly one quarter and Black business receipts fell by 60.7 percent, although the quarter and Black business receipts fell by 60.7 percent, although the number of persons employed by Black businesses increased.number of persons employed by Black businesses increased.

The proportion of homeowners among African Americans increased The proportion of homeowners among African Americans increased slightly since 1990, perhaps due to a greater rate of out-migration among slightly since 1990, perhaps due to a greater rate of out-migration among renters than among homeowners. This would be consistent with other renters than among homeowners. This would be consistent with other findings of housing as a primary reason for moving among African findings of housing as a primary reason for moving among African Americans in California.Americans in California.

Key FindingsKey Findings Cont’dCont’d

77


Housing ContextHousing Context

Only 35% of African Americans in San Francisco are Only 35% of African Americans in San Francisco are homeowners, the lowest rate across the city. homeowners, the lowest rate across the city.

Nearly a quarter (24%) of African Americans are living in Nearly a quarter (24%) of African Americans are living in homes with the need for severe or moderate repairs, which is homes with the need for severe or moderate repairs, which is more than double that of Asians (9%) and Whites (10%). more than double that of Asians (9%) and Whites (10%).

At 4,743, African Americans compose nearly half of the At 4,743, African Americans compose nearly half of the residents living in public housing. One third of the 9,799 residents living in public housing. One third of the 9,799 Section 8 household voucher residents in San Francisco are Section 8 household voucher residents in San Francisco are African Americans.African Americans.

88


Housing RecommendationsHousing Recommendations

Expand Homeownership Opportunities for Existing and Potential Expand Homeownership Opportunities for Existing and Potential African American ResidentsAfrican American Residents

Partner with Freddie Mac’s “Lease-to-Own” program to assist current Partner with Freddie Mac’s “Lease-to-Own” program to assist current residents to achieve homeownership.residents to achieve homeownership.

Create and promote legislation requiring the following: Create and promote legislation requiring the following: consistency between both SFRA and MOH programs by consistency between both SFRA and MOH programs by

eliminating or lowering down payment requirement.eliminating or lowering down payment requirement. underwriting guidelines for San Francisco Redevelopment underwriting guidelines for San Francisco Redevelopment

Agency's Below Market Rate program to be consistent with Agency's Below Market Rate program to be consistent with Fannie Mae & Freddie Mac (100% financing on a fully Fannie Mae & Freddie Mac (100% financing on a fully documented loan with a 45% debt-to-income ratio), similar to documented loan with a 45% debt-to-income ratio), similar to MOH existing program. MOH existing program.

a down-payment assistance fund to purchase both MOH’s and a down-payment assistance fund to purchase both MOH’s and SFRA’s BMR units.SFRA’s BMR units.

a S.F. Rescue Loan Program to assist distressed homeowners a S.F. Rescue Loan Program to assist distressed homeowners impacted by predatory loans.impacted by predatory loans.

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Work with African American realtors to market housing opportunities Work with African American realtors to market housing opportunities and sell property.and sell property.

Stabilize and Improve Conditions in San Francisco’s Public HousingStabilize and Improve Conditions in San Francisco’s Public Housing

Provide existing public housing residents with Section 8 voucher that Provide existing public housing residents with Section 8 voucher that can be used to support future home purchase.can be used to support future home purchase.

Institutionalize Eviction Prevention strategies for the SF Housing Institutionalize Eviction Prevention strategies for the SF Housing Authority, and ongoing support for Season of Sharing's model.Authority, and ongoing support for Season of Sharing's model.

Fully support the HOPE SF Housing Bond and appoint an oversight Fully support the HOPE SF Housing Bond and appoint an oversight body to insure effective implementation without displacement.body to insure effective implementation without displacement.

Housing RecommendationsHousing RecommendationsCont’dCont’d

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Promote Public Policies that Support Retention and Attraction Promote Public Policies that Support Retention and Attraction StrategiesStrategies

• Improve Certificate of Preference Program:Improve Certificate of Preference Program: Implement legislation that extends the certificate of preference Implement legislation that extends the certificate of preference

benefits to additional generations of family members.benefits to additional generations of family members. Implement legislation that extends the expiration date for Implement legislation that extends the expiration date for

certificate of preference. For example, Fillmore and BVHP certificate of preference. For example, Fillmore and BVHP certificates are set to expire in 2009.certificates are set to expire in 2009.

Allocate funds for a down-payment assistance program Allocate funds for a down-payment assistance program specifically for families using the Certificate of Preference specifically for families using the Certificate of Preference Program.Program.

Create legislation providing BMR buyers a minimum 3% appreciation Create legislation providing BMR buyers a minimum 3% appreciation per year as a wealth-building strategy. (A successful example exists in per year as a wealth-building strategy. (A successful example exists in Santa Ana, CA).Santa Ana, CA).


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Create legislation requiring additional funding to build and sustain the Create legislation requiring additional funding to build and sustain the capacity to provide financial fitness and homeownership education. capacity to provide financial fitness and homeownership education.

Provide financial and political support for an explicitly African Provide financial and political support for an explicitly African American community based organization which will focus on issues of American community based organization which will focus on issues of housing and homeownership education in the African American housing and homeownership education in the African American community.community.

Allocate additional resources to increase the capacity of existing IDA Allocate additional resources to increase the capacity of existing IDA (Individual Development Accounts) programs tied to homeownership.(Individual Development Accounts) programs tied to homeownership.

Preserve and Improve Existing Housing Stock and Produce New Preserve and Improve Existing Housing Stock and Produce New Affordable HousingAffordable Housing

Through legislation, assist with capital improvements for existing co-Through legislation, assist with capital improvements for existing co-op owners at King/Garvey, St. Francis, Unity, and North Ridge. op owners at King/Garvey, St. Francis, Unity, and North Ridge. Provide funding for technical assistance to Co-op governing boards.Provide funding for technical assistance to Co-op governing boards.

Produce family-oriented affordable housing.Produce family-oriented affordable housing.


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Education ContextEducation Context

In San Francisco, only 26.3% of African American high In San Francisco, only 26.3% of African American high school graduates have taken the classes required for University school graduates have taken the classes required for University of California or California State University entrance, of California or California State University entrance, compared to 58.3% of whites. compared to 58.3% of whites.

High school graduation is also unacceptably low, as only 25% High school graduation is also unacceptably low, as only 25% of African Americans in San Francisco over the age of 25 have of African Americans in San Francisco over the age of 25 have graduated from high school. graduated from high school.

Across a range of educational indicators, which include test Across a range of educational indicators, which include test scores, graduation rates, university attendance, and graduate scores, graduation rates, university attendance, and graduate studies, African Americans remain at the bottom of studies, African Americans remain at the bottom of demographic comparisons. demographic comparisons.

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Education RecommendationsEducation Recommendations

Strengthen Infrastructure to Improve K through 12 AchievementStrengthen Infrastructure to Improve K through 12 Achievement

Establish and promote schools and educational approaches with a Establish and promote schools and educational approaches with a proven track record of high achievement among African American proven track record of high achievement among African American students.students.

Support placing of Wi-fi opportunities throughout low-income Support placing of Wi-fi opportunities throughout low-income communities and public housing sites especially and provide low-communities and public housing sites especially and provide low-income families with greater access to computers and laptops as a income families with greater access to computers and laptops as a strategy to bridge the digital divide.strategy to bridge the digital divide.

Support to full implementation of the Partnership for Achievement and Support to full implementation of the Partnership for Achievement and encourage the Mayor's Office and other branches of City government encourage the Mayor's Office and other branches of City government to work closely with the new SFUSD Superintendent, school to work closely with the new SFUSD Superintendent, school principals, and parents to track, monitor, and improve the performance principals, and parents to track, monitor, and improve the performance of African American youth enrolled in District schools.of African American youth enrolled in District schools.

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Increase the number of qualified African American public school educators Increase the number of qualified African American public school educators through an aggressive recruitment campaign working with the Association of through an aggressive recruitment campaign working with the Association of Black School Educators and the California Coalition of Black School Board Black School Educators and the California Coalition of Black School Board Members.Members.

Establish Direct and Effective Linkages to Community Colleges & Establish Direct and Effective Linkages to Community Colleges & Universities.Universities.

Link between the African American community and the Southeast campus of Link between the African American community and the Southeast campus of City College should have an aggressive biotech training program.City College should have an aggressive biotech training program.

Strengthen partnerships between the SFUSD and SF State, USF, UCSF, and Strengthen partnerships between the SFUSD and SF State, USF, UCSF, and CCSF to provide educational opportunities for African American youth on CCSF to provide educational opportunities for African American youth on college campuses (e.g., Step to College program, Science and Health college campuses (e.g., Step to College program, Science and Health Education Partnership, Concurrent Enrollment Program, research internships Education Partnership, Concurrent Enrollment Program, research internships with professors and college students, etc.).with professors and college students, etc.).

Assist high school dropouts and students at risk of dropping out with enrolling Assist high school dropouts and students at risk of dropping out with enrolling into programs that are available at City College of San Francisco.into programs that are available at City College of San Francisco.

Education RecommendationsEducation RecommendationsCont’dCont’d

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Continue to Support and Expand Programs for Youth EngagementContinue to Support and Expand Programs for Youth Engagement

Expand New Ways Workers / SFYOUTHWORKS and target Expand New Ways Workers / SFYOUTHWORKS and target neighborhoods with highest concentrations of crime and violence. New neighborhoods with highest concentrations of crime and violence. New Ways Workers-SF serves as an intermediary between employers and Ways Workers-SF serves as an intermediary between employers and youth and offers the following: youth employment opportunities (as youth and offers the following: youth employment opportunities (as needed by our employers), training to youth and employers, and needed by our employers), training to youth and employers, and technical assistance to employers on how to effectively incorporate technical assistance to employers on how to effectively incorporate youth into their offices.youth into their offices.

Education RecommendationsEducation RecommendationsCont’dCont’d

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Jobs and Economic DevelopmentJobs and Economic DevelopmentContextContext

African Americans in San Francisco lag behind the rest of the city in African Americans in San Francisco lag behind the rest of the city in almost every key economic indicator and face significant barriers to almost every key economic indicator and face significant barriers to addressing the disparities. In San Francisco, per capita income for African addressing the disparities. In San Francisco, per capita income for African Americans is 56% less than that of whites. Americans is 56% less than that of whites.

At 10.4%, the unemployment rate of Blacks in San Francisco is the highest At 10.4%, the unemployment rate of Blacks in San Francisco is the highest in the city and is over three times that of whites. in the city and is over three times that of whites.

Black owned businesses (those registered with SBA) comprise only 4% of Black owned businesses (those registered with SBA) comprise only 4% of all small businesses in San Francisco. all small businesses in San Francisco.

After the passage of Proposition 209, there are approximately 41.67% After the passage of Proposition 209, there are approximately 41.67% fewer African American owned businesses certified in 2007 compared to fewer African American owned businesses certified in 2007 compared to 2004. 2004.

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Jobs and Economic Development Jobs and Economic Development RecommendationsRecommendations

Implement Strategies that Increase Employment Opportunities for Implement Strategies that Increase Employment Opportunities for African American ResidentsAfrican American Residents

Monitor and upgrade of one-stop centers to make sure the services are Monitor and upgrade of one-stop centers to make sure the services are comprehensive.comprehensive.

Adopt legislation for a green collar jobs initiative in SF (similar to Adopt legislation for a green collar jobs initiative in SF (similar to Oakland).Oakland).

Expand and Improve the Bayview One Stop Employment Center and Expand and Improve the Bayview One Stop Employment Center and Create One in the Western Addition.Create One in the Western Addition.

Establish a new jobs initiative focused on African American males in the Establish a new jobs initiative focused on African American males in the young adult age group.young adult age group.

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Promote Business Development Opportunities for African American Promote Business Development Opportunities for African American Owned BusinessesOwned Businesses

Where there are DBE or SBE goals established, find ways within the Where there are DBE or SBE goals established, find ways within the constraints of proposition 209 to establish tracking by specific racial constraints of proposition 209 to establish tracking by specific racial groups including African Americans. groups including African Americans.

Establish an Outreach Officer/Advocate to encourage and assist African Establish an Outreach Officer/Advocate to encourage and assist African American businesses to do business with the City.American businesses to do business with the City.

Improve enforcement of existing MBE, WBE, SBE, and DBE policies. Improve enforcement of existing MBE, WBE, SBE, and DBE policies.

Provide training to selection boards on assessment of MBE, WBE, SBE Provide training to selection boards on assessment of MBE, WBE, SBE applications. applications.

Cont’dCont’d

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Increase civic support and communications with Black Business Increase civic support and communications with Black Business Organizations such as the African American Chamber of Commerce.Organizations such as the African American Chamber of Commerce.

Hold banks accountable to the Black community by pressuring them to Hold banks accountable to the Black community by pressuring them to readjust now-predatory loans and to provide meaningful grants and readjust now-predatory loans and to provide meaningful grants and financial literacy workshops to community and business organizations.financial literacy workshops to community and business organizations.

Strengthen economic development activities focused on historically Strengthen economic development activities focused on historically African American communities.African American communities.

Ensure the economic viability of the Fillmore as an African American Ensure the economic viability of the Fillmore as an African American neighborhood by holding various City officials accountable to a plan neighborhood by holding various City officials accountable to a plan for economic development.for economic development.


Cont’dCont’d

2020


Ensure that HPSY Development is fully integrated into an economic Ensure that HPSY Development is fully integrated into an economic development plan for BVHP.development plan for BVHP.

Implement a signature economic development project on 3Implement a signature economic development project on 3rdrd Street in Street in BVHP that ensures business and employment opportunities for African BVHP that ensures business and employment opportunities for African Americans.Americans.


Cont’dCont’d

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Cultural and Social LifeCultural and Social LifeContextContext

Only 28% of African Americans give high marks to San Francisco's local Only 28% of African Americans give high marks to San Francisco's local Government.Government.

Interviews with former residents indicated that the stark contrast of Interviews with former residents indicated that the stark contrast of celebrating ethnic neighborhoods in some parts of the city and virtual celebrating ethnic neighborhoods in some parts of the city and virtual ignoring African American culture contributes to a feeling of being on the ignoring African American culture contributes to a feeling of being on the outside looking in.outside looking in.

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Cultural and Social Life Cultural and Social Life RecommendationsRecommendations

Increase Support to Institutions that Highlight African American Art Increase Support to Institutions that Highlight African American Art and Cultureand Culture

Financially support existing African American art and cultural Financially support existing African American art and cultural organizations, particularly through fiscal and infrastructure organizations, particularly through fiscal and infrastructure development centered on keeping and maintaining spaces within the development centered on keeping and maintaining spaces within the community.community.

Develop a marketing campaign to highlight and enhance existing Develop a marketing campaign to highlight and enhance existing African American cultural organizations, including faith-based African American cultural organizations, including faith-based institutions, in San Francisco.institutions, in San Francisco.

Expand and strengthen services and resources targeted to youth.Expand and strengthen services and resources targeted to youth.

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Increase Profile of African Americans in San Francisco’s Tourism Increase Profile of African Americans in San Francisco’s Tourism IndustryIndustry

Assemble an ongoing task force with an African American agenda to Assemble an ongoing task force with an African American agenda to influence the Convention and Visitors Bureauinfluence the Convention and Visitors Bureau

Develop an aggressive marketing campaign to attract African Develop an aggressive marketing campaign to attract African American tourists (similar to campaigns developed in Louisiana and American tourists (similar to campaigns developed in Louisiana and Alabama).Alabama).

Increase Civic Engagement Among African Americans in the CityIncrease Civic Engagement Among African Americans in the City Support voter education and participation efforts focused on the Support voter education and participation efforts focused on the

African American Community.African American Community.


Cont’dCont’d

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Increase Support to Efforts that Focus on Creating a Sense of Place Increase Support to Efforts that Focus on Creating a Sense of Place for African Americans within the Cityfor African Americans within the City

Provide full support to the creation of the Fillmore Jazz Heritage Provide full support to the creation of the Fillmore Jazz Heritage District and make sure that African American Culture is fully respected District and make sure that African American Culture is fully respected and highlighted in the effort.and highlighted in the effort.

Make an aggressive effort to document African American history and Make an aggressive effort to document African American history and presence. This should include physical markers in the Western presence. This should include physical markers in the Western Addition and Bay View Hunters Point.Addition and Bay View Hunters Point.


Cont’dCont’d

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Public Safety ContextPublic Safety Context

At nearly 14%, the felony arrest rate for African Americans in SF is the At nearly 14%, the felony arrest rate for African Americans in SF is the highest in the Statehighest in the State

African Americans in San Francisco are arrested at more than twice the African Americans in San Francisco are arrested at more than twice the rate of all other racial groupsrate of all other racial groups

The adolescent homicide rate for African Americans is the highest in San The adolescent homicide rate for African Americans is the highest in San Francisco and violence robs African American men of more years of life Francisco and violence robs African American men of more years of life than any other cause of death.than any other cause of death.

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Public Safety and Quality of Life Public Safety and Quality of Life RecommendationsRecommendations

Increase Funding & Political Support for Violence Prevention and Increase Funding & Political Support for Violence Prevention and Stabilization ProgramsStabilization Programs

Fully fund and support the Mayor’s Communities of Opportunity Initiative.Fully fund and support the Mayor’s Communities of Opportunity Initiative.

Fund geographically-based family supports that engage whole family systems, Fund geographically-based family supports that engage whole family systems, including seniors, in any public safety initiative.including seniors, in any public safety initiative.

Enforce a San Francisco-based gun control law modeled after the federal Brady Enforce a San Francisco-based gun control law modeled after the federal Brady Bill.Bill.

Promote, through a strong media strategy, a healthy vision for the future as Promote, through a strong media strategy, a healthy vision for the future as well as a response to the senseless violence occurring today (similar to well as a response to the senseless violence occurring today (similar to CLAER's 2005 Peace Zone campaign).CLAER's 2005 Peace Zone campaign).

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Develop and ratify a Violence Prevention Strategic Plan to address Develop and ratify a Violence Prevention Strategic Plan to address community needs, create tools and instruments to increase community needs, create tools and instruments to increase accountability, and direct priorities and resources to develop accountability, and direct priorities and resources to develop neighborhood specific plans to address violence.neighborhood specific plans to address violence.

Address key barriers to eliminating gang violence: institutional Address key barriers to eliminating gang violence: institutional rivalries, lack of information-sharing, failure to develop a coordinated rivalries, lack of information-sharing, failure to develop a coordinated approach by San Francisco’s public agencies, geographic and approach by San Francisco’s public agencies, geographic and programmatic rivalries among community-based organizations, and programmatic rivalries among community-based organizations, and failure of parents to recognize and address the risk of gang failure of parents to recognize and address the risk of gang involvement in their children.involvement in their children.

Develop and implement comprehensive prevention and suppression Develop and implement comprehensive prevention and suppression programs focusing on four neighborhoods with high levels of gang programs focusing on four neighborhoods with high levels of gang crime crime andand concentrations of offenders: Bayview, Mission, Western concentrations of offenders: Bayview, Mission, Western Addition, and Downtown/Tenderloin. Other neighborhoods, where Addition, and Downtown/Tenderloin. Other neighborhoods, where gang offenders live but may not be active, should be targeted for gang offenders live but may not be active, should be targeted for prevention programs.prevention programs.


Cont’dCont’d

2828


Expand Supports for Victims of ViolenceExpand Supports for Victims of Violence

Strengthen mental health services and early intervention strategies Strengthen mental health services and early intervention strategies which are culturally-competent, readily available, and offered to which are culturally-competent, readily available, and offered to families, and schools, particularly targeting youth suffering from Post-families, and schools, particularly targeting youth suffering from Post-traumatic Stress Disorder.traumatic Stress Disorder.

Improve victim and emergency relocation services and support Improve victim and emergency relocation services and support mechanisms for families, strengthening the response from Victims mechanisms for families, strengthening the response from Victims Assistance and make sure that funding is in place to move families who Assistance and make sure that funding is in place to move families who are particularly vulnerable after an incident. This is as important in are particularly vulnerable after an incident. This is as important in cases that take place on Housing Authority property as with any other cases that take place on Housing Authority property as with any other neighborhood. neighborhood.


Cont’dCont’d

2929


Actively Monitor and Develop a Relationship between Communities & Actively Monitor and Develop a Relationship between Communities & Criminal Justice System.Criminal Justice System.

Actively work to reduce the overexposure to law enforcement and Actively work to reduce the overexposure to law enforcement and overcriminalization of Blacks in San Francisco.overcriminalization of Blacks in San Francisco.

Enhance responsible community policing, foot patrols, and quick Enhance responsible community policing, foot patrols, and quick response from law enforcement to reduce potential retaliatory activity.response from law enforcement to reduce potential retaliatory activity.

Establish community courts which support geographically-based Establish community courts which support geographically-based conflict resolution courts, specifically for youth. These non-traditional conflict resolution courts, specifically for youth. These non-traditional conflict mediation mechanisms should be intergenerational, faith-based conflict mediation mechanisms should be intergenerational, faith-based interventions focused on healing the community. interventions focused on healing the community.


Cont’dCont’d

3030


Develop Community Supports for Ex-Offenders to Actively Lower the Develop Community Supports for Ex-Offenders to Actively Lower the Recidivism Rate Recidivism Rate

Establish an Ex-Offender continuum, which includes an out-station Establish an Ex-Offender continuum, which includes an out-station support for ex-offenders on probation/parole, including an integrated support for ex-offenders on probation/parole, including an integrated model that deals with child support assurance. Reduce the clean slate model that deals with child support assurance. Reduce the clean slate record time from seven (7) years to three (3) years to expedite process record time from seven (7) years to three (3) years to expedite process of healthy reintegration into the community.of healthy reintegration into the community.


Cont’dCont’d

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Next StepsNext Steps

Convene Mayors Office staff, Department Heads, Commissioners, and Convene Mayors Office staff, Department Heads, Commissioners, and School Board members around the recommendationsSchool Board members around the recommendations

Meet with the NAACP, African American Action Network, and other key Meet with the NAACP, African American Action Network, and other key groups to discuss implementation of the recommendationsgroups to discuss implementation of the recommendations

Continued Consultation with experts in the various fields of interest Continued Consultation with experts in the various fields of interest

Submit Final ReportSubmit Final Report

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