DRAFT FINAL DECISION DOCUMENT NO FURTHER RESPONSE …

DRAFT FINAL

DECISION DOCUMENT

NO FURTHER RESPONSE ACTION PLANNED (NFRAP)

FORMER OTIS BOMB STORAGE MAGAZINES

JOINT BASE CAPE COD, MASSACHUSETTS

Contract Number FA8903-14-C-0012

August 2019

Prepared for

Air Force Civil Engineer Center

322 E. Inner Road

Otis Air National Guard Base, Massachusetts 02542

Prepared by

EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc., PBC

199 Falmouth Sandwich Road

Mashpee, Massachusetts 02649

This page intentionally left blank

Decision Document No Further Response Action Planned (NFRAP)

Former Otis Bomb Storage Magazines Version: Draft Final

Joint Base Cape Cod, Massachusetts August 2019

6290401-MMRP-NFRAP-002 Page i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................................... iii

LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................................................... iii

LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ...................................................................... iv

DECLARATION .......................................................................................................................... vii

INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 1

1.1 INSTALLATION LOCATION AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ............. 1

1.2 SITE DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................. 2

1.2.1 Adjacent Land Use .......................................................................................2

1.2.2 Location and Distance to Nearby Populations .............................................2

1.2.3 General Surface and Groundwater Resources .............................................2

1.2.4 Sensitive Environments ...............................................................................3

1.3 SITE HISTORY AND ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITIES ...................................... 3

1.4 COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION ........................................................................ 3

1.5 SCOPE AND ROLE OF RESPONSE ACTION .................................................... 4

SUMMARY OF SITE CHARACTERISTICS ................................................................... 5

2.1 CLIMATE ............................................................................................................... 5

2.2 TOPOGRAPHY AND HYDROLOGY .................................................................. 5

2.2.1 Topography ..................................................................................................5

2.2.2 Hydrology ....................................................................................................5

2.3 SOILS AND VEGETATION ................................................................................. 5

2.3.1 Soils..............................................................................................................5

2.3.2 Vegetation ....................................................................................................6

2.4 GEOLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY ................................................................. 6

2.4.1 Geology ........................................................................................................6

2.4.2 Hydrogeology ..............................................................................................6

2.5 CURRENT AND POTENTIAL FUTURE SITE AND RESOURCE USES ......... 7

2.5.1 Current Site Use ...........................................................................................7

2.5.2 Future Site Use .............................................................................................7




6290401-MMRP-NFRAP-002 Page ii

DATA ANALYSIS FOR SITE RISKS .............................................................................. 9

3.1 SUMMARY OF COMPREHENSIVE SITE EVALUATION PHASE II

ACTIVITIES........................................................................................................... 9

3.1.1 Magnetometer-Assisted Visual Munitions and Explosives of Concern

Surface Survey .............................................................................................9

3.1.2 Munitions Constituents Sampling ..............................................................10

3.2 CONCEPTUAL SITE MODEL ........................................................................... 10

3.2.1 Munitions and Explosives of Concern Exposure Analysis ........................10

3.2.2 Munitions Constituents Exposure Analysis ...............................................10

3.3 SUMMARY .......................................................................................................... 10

REFERENCES ................................................................................................................. 11

ATTACHMENT A: MASSDEP CONCURRENCE

ATTACHMENT B: MEMORANDUM FOR DISTRIBUTION: AFCEC AND IAGWSP

LAND USE CONTROL (LUC) PROGRAMS

ATTACHMENT C: RESPONSIVENESS SUMMARY




6290401-MMRP-NFRAP-002 Page iii

LIST OF FIGURES

Number Title

1 Site Location

2 Former Magazine Footprints

3 Summary of Sampling Locations

LIST OF TABLES

1 Summary of CSE Phase II Results




6290401-MMRP-NFRAP-002 Page iv

LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

°F Degrees Fahrenheit

AFCEC Air Force Civil Engineer Center

ANGB Air National Guard Base

CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act

CFR Code of Federal Regulations

CSE Comprehensive site evaluation

CSM Conceptual site model

DERP Defense Environmental Restoration Program

DMM Discarded military munitions

DoD U.S. Department of Defense

DU Decision unit

FFA Federal Facility Agreement

ft Foot (feet)

ft2 Square foot (feet)

in. Inch(es)

IRP Installation Restoration Program

JBCC Joint Base Cape Cod

MAANG Massachusetts Air National Guard

MAARNG Massachusetts Army National Guard

MCP Massachusetts Contingency Plan

MassDEP Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection

MC Munitions constituents

MD Munitions debris

MEC Munitions and explosives of concern

MMRP Military Munitions Response Program

mph miles per hour

MRA Munitions Response Area

NCP National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan

NFRAP No further response action planned

NGB National Guard Bureau

NPL National Priorities List

PFAS Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances

SARA Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act




6290401-MMRP-NFRAP-002 Page v

SI Site Inspection

USACE U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

USAF U.S. Air Force

USC United States Code

USDA U.S. Department of Agriculture

USEPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

UU/UE Unlimited Use/Unrestricted Exposure

UXO unexploded ordnance




6290401-MMRP-NFRAP-002 Page vi





6290401-MMRP-NFRAP-002 Page vii

DECLARATION

Site Name and Location

Site Name: Former Otis Bomb Storage Magazines

Installation: Joint Base Cape Cod, Massachusetts

Statement of Basis and Purpose

This selected action addresses one Military Munitions Response Program (MMRP) site, the

Former Otis Bomb Storage Magazines munitions response area (MRA). This decision is based

on the results of the Final Comprehensive Site Evaluation (CSE) Phase II Report Joint Base

Cape Cod (JBCC), Massachusetts, completed in February 2018 (Air Force Civil Engineer Center

[AFCEC] 2018b). This document has been developed for the MMRP in accordance with the

Defense Environmental Restoration Program (DERP), 10 United States Code (USC) 2701,

consistent with the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of

1980 (CERCLA), 42 USC 9601 and Executive Order 12580 (52 Federal Register 2923), and to

the extent practicable with the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency

Plan (NCP), 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 300.

The U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) designed the MMRP to follow the CERCLA process to

address the remediation of munitions constituents (MC) and munitions and explosives of concern

(MEC) on defense sites. MEC includes unexploded ordnance, discarded military munitions

(DMM), and MC in concentrations high enough to pose an explosive hazard, as well as other

MC (e.g., metals). “Defense sites” are defined in 10 USC Section 2710 as “locations that are or

were owned by, leased to, or otherwise possessed or used by the DoD.” The term does not

include any operational range, operating storage or manufacturing facility, or facility that is used

for or was permitted for the treatment or disposal of military munitions.

The CSE Phase II Report is analogous to a CERCLA Site Inspection (SI) Report. The Federal

Facility Agreement (FFA) for JBCC (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [EPA] et al. 1991,

2002) states in Section 3.1, (jj): “…If a Site Inspection determination that no further action is

warranted, a Decision Document shall be prepared to remove the Study Area from the remedial

process.”

JBCC (then known as the Massachusetts Military Reservation) was formally added to the

National Priorities List (NPL) in 1989. An FFA, which provided the legal framework for

investigating and remediating numerous operable units at the JBCC, was signed in 1991 (USEPA

et al. 1991). In 1996, the FFA was amended to add the U.S. Air Force (USAF) as the lead

agency for the cleanup at JBCC (USEPA et al. 2002). The FFA, as amended, requires the USAF

to implement CERCLA requirements at JBCC. In addition to the USAF, the USEPA and

National Guard Bureau (NGB) are parties to the FFA for the JBCC. AFCEC is managing the

soil and groundwater contamination sites under the Installation Restoration Program (IRP) and

MMRP in accordance with CERCLA as required by the DERP. The Massachusetts Department

of Environmental Protection (MassDEP) is not a signatory of the FFA, but is an active

participant in the cleanup process and provides guidance and direction to the process.




6290401-MMRP-NFRAP-002 Page viii

Description of the Decision

Based on the conditions at the Former Otis Bomb Storage Magazines MRA, AFCEC at JBCC

has determined: (1) since the operational use of ordnance storage in the 1940s, the MRA, located

within a fenced area, has been redeveloped as an airfield and includes aircraft support buildings,

parking areas, and a taxiway, (2) there is no evidence of MEC or MC, and (3) the MRA does not

present a risk to human health or the environment (inclusive of soil and groundwater) for MC

(explosives). Therefore, no further actions under CERCLA are required for MC, and the Former

Otis Bomb Storage Magazines MRA can be classified as No Further Response Action Planned

(NFRAP) for MEC and MC.

Determinations

This NFRAP decision document represents the selected decision for MEC or MC associated with

the Former Otis Bomb Storage Magazines MRA developed in accordance with CERCLA, as

amended by the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) and the NCP. It has

been determined by AFCEC that no further action for MEC or MC in soil and groundwater at the

Former Otis Bomb Storage MRA is protective of human health and the environment (inclusive

of soil and groundwater). The NFRAP decision points associated with the MMRP have been

met, and therefore, the Former Otis Bomb Storage Magazines MRA qualifies for Site Close-Out

for MEC and MC. Site Close-Out signifies that the Former Otis Bomb Storage Magazines MRA

meets unlimited use/unrestricted exposure (UU/UE) conditions and that no land use controls are

required for MEC and MC. Note that sites that meet similar closure conditions under the

MassDEP Massachusetts Contingency Plan (MCP)1 are referred to as achieving a “Permanent

Solution with No Conditions” (310 CMR 40.1041 [1]) for those hazardous substances subject to

this Decision Document. The foregoing represents the NFRAP decision for MEC and MC at the

Former Otis Bomb Storage Magazines MRA by AFCEC and EPA, with the concurrence of

MassDEP, which will be provided in Attachment A after the public comment period.

The selected action outlined in this NFRAP Decision Document is based upon the assessment of

MMRP-related contaminants only and applies only to those hazardous substances subject to the

MMRP remedial actions. Non-MMRP sources and contaminants, such as per- and

polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which may have impacted soil and the groundwater

underlying the MRA, are being investigated separately as part of the Expanded Site Inspection

for PFAS at the JBCC Flight Line Area (AFCEC 2018a).

1 Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection (MassDEP). 2014. Massachusetts Contingency Plan,

310 CMR 40. April. http://www.mass.gov/eea/docs/dep/service/regulations/310cmr40.pdf.

http://www.mass.gov/eea/docs/dep/service/regulations/310cmr40.pdf




6290401-MMRP-NFRAP-002 Page ix

U.S. AIR FORCE

_________________________________________ Date: ___________________

JEFFREY P. DOMM, GS-15, DAF

Director, Environmental Management

Air Force Civil Engineer Center

U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

_________________________________________ Date: ___________________

BRYAN OLSON

Director, Superfund and Emergency Management Division

USEPA New England




6290401-MMRP-NFRAP-002 Page x





6290401-MMRP-NFRAP-002 Page 1

INTRODUCTION

This decision document provides information on the NFRAP MMRP site decision selected for

the Former Otis Bomb Storage Magazines MRA. This decision is based on the results of the

Final CSE Phase II Report (AFCEC 2018b). Based on the conditions at the site, AFCEC at

JBCC has determined that there is no evidence of MEC. In addition, MC soil data did not

indicate the presence of MC (explosives) at concentrations which posed an unacceptable risk to

human health or the environment, including leaching from soil to groundwater.

This NFRAP decision document has been developed in accordance with DERP, 10 USC 2701,

and Air Force Instruction 32-7020, 14.3, consistent with CERCLA of 1980, 42 USC 9601 and

Executive Order 12580 (52 Federal Register 2923), and to the extent practicable with the NCP,

40 CFR Part 300.

1.1 INSTALLATION LOCATION AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK

JBCC is located in the upper western portion of Cape Cod in Barnstable County, Massachusetts,

approximately 60 miles south of Boston, with Cape Cod Bay to the north, Buzzards Bay to the

west, and Nantucket Sound to the south (Figure 1). JBCC occupies approximately 22,000 acres

(34 square miles) within the towns of Bourne, Falmouth, Mashpee, and Sandwich (AFCEC

2013).

JBCC is a multi-use base with government agencies, including the Massachusetts Army National

Guard (MAARNG) operating Camp Edwards, Air National Guard/Massachusetts Air National

Guard (MAANG) operating Otis ANGB, USAF operating Cape Cod Air Force Station, U.S.

Coast Guard operating Air Station Cape Cod, and Veterans Affairs operating the Massachusetts

National Cemetery (AFCEC 2013). In accordance with Executive Order 12580, USAF is the

lead agency for remedial actions at JBCC.

JBCC was formally added to NPL in 1989. An FFA, which provided the legal framework for

investigating and remediating numerous operable units at the JBCC, was signed in 1991 (USEPA

et al. 1991). In 1996, the FFA was amended to add the USAF as the lead agency for the cleanup

at JBCC (USEPA et al. 2002). The FFA, as amended, requires the USAF to implement

CERCLA requirements at JBCC. In addition to the USAF, the USEPA and NGB are parties to

the FFA for the JBCC. AFCEC is managing the soil and groundwater contamination sites under

the IRP and MMRP in accordance with CERCLA as required by the DERP. The MassDEP is

not a signatory of the FFA, but is an active participant in the cleanup process and provides

guidance and direction to the process.

Remediation activities at JBCC are governed under CERCLA per the FFA of 1991, unless it is

specifically agreed by USAF, EPA, and MassDEP to utilize a different regulatory program.

DERP is the statutory authority establishing the DoD environmental restoration program. The

goal of DERP is to remediate DoD property to be protective of human health and the

environment for current and reasonably anticipated future land use.





Munitions response actions are authorized by the DoD DERP statute (10 USC Section 2701

et seq.). The DoD designed the MMRP to follow the process established by CERCLA to address

the remediation of MC, such as lead, and MEC. “Defense sites” are defined in 10 USC

Section 2710 as “locations that are or were owned by, leased to, or otherwise possessed or used

by the DoD.”

1.2 SITE DESCRIPTION

The Former Otis Bomb Storage Magazines MRA is a 38.5-acre area located in the southeastern

portion of the installation, south of the intersection of the Otis ANGB’s current runways

(Figure 2). The area was used for bomb storage in the 1940s, and later closed between 1950 and

1951 (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers [USACE] 2001). After closing, the Otis Airfield was

reconfigured; buildings, parking area, and a taxiway were constructed directly over the MRA.

1.2.1 Adjacent Land Use

JBCC is an active military installation with restricted public access because the majority of the

perimeter of JBCC is fenced. The MRA is situated on the southeastern end of the JBCC within

the Otis ANGB portion of the base. The southeastern portion of JBCC is a mix of forested and

industrialized areas and contains the cantonment area, Otis ANGB, Coast Guard Housing, and

the Coast Guard Golf Course (MAARNG 2009). The southern and southwestern boundaries of

JBCC is adjacent to the Frances A. Crane Wildlife Management Area. The off-base area

south/southeast of JBCC is primarily residential.

1.2.2 Location and Distance to Nearby Populations

Approximately 70 percent of the perimeter of JBCC is surrounded by residential development,

with residents within 0.5 miles of the boundary and some directly adjacent to the installation

fence (MAARNG 2009). Mashpee, the closest town, is located approximately two miles east of

the MRA (AFCEC 2014). Public access to the MRA is prohibited as access can only be obtained

through an additional secured (fenced) area through a single access point (secured I-Gate) and

through a locked perimeter fence at the airfield. Additionally, roving security operates 24 hours

per day.

1.2.3 General Surface and Groundwater Resources

There are no surface water bodies existing at the MRA. A 0.33-acre wetland, located 900 feet (ft)

southeast of the MRA, associated with a storm drain (Storm Drain-4)/drainage that originates

north of Reilly Road and discharges to John’s Pond, is the closest surface water feature. The

nearest surface water bodies are to the south and include Moody Pond (0.5 mile southeast), Johns

Pond (0.75 mile south), and Ashumet Pond (1 mile southwest). There are no surface water

intakes at or downstream of the ponds; however, the ponds are used for recreational purposes

including swimming and fishing. Abandoned cranberry bogs are located north of Ashumet Pond

and along the Quashnet River. While cranberries may still be growing in nearby abandoned

cranberry bogs, they are not being harvested.





JBCC is located over the Sagamore Lens of the Cape Cod Aquifer, which is designated as a sole

source aquifer by USEPA and is the principal source of drinking water for the towns of the

Upper Cape (Sandwich, Bourne, Mashpee, and Falmouth) (AFCEC 2013). Land use controls

have been established for areas on installation and south of JBCC due to groundwater

contamination from IRP sites (Attachment B).

1.2.4 Sensitive Environments

There are no wetlands or sensitive environments at the MRA. Conservation areas adjoin the

southern boundary of JBCC, including the Frances A. Crane Wildlife Management Area and the

Mashpee Conservation Land (Johns Pond Park and Mingo Conservation Area) (Figure 1).

The northern long-eared bat, which was federally listed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service as

a threatened species in April 2015, is suspected to inhabit areas of JBCC. It is not known

whether the species inhabits the MRA, but it is highly unlikely as the MRA does not include

trees or sufficient bat habitat. In addition, there are more than 30 state-listed threatened or

endangered species at JBCC. These species include eight birds, six insects, five plants, and

two reptiles and amphibians, and there is no specific documentation of their presence on the

MRA. It is unknown if any of these species have inhabited the MRA.

1.3 SITE HISTORY AND ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITIES

The Former Otis Bomb Storage Magazines MRA was reportedly used from World War II

through the early 1950s to store bombs and other aircraft munitions. A 1950 memo to the

Director of Installations, Deputy Chief of Staff, Materiel, Headquarters, U.S. Air Force listed the

following components of the Former Otis Bomb Storage Magazines: three storage warehouses

(4,000 square feet [ft2]), 32 bomb storage magazines (15,400 ft2), 13 igloos (9,100 ft2),

miscellaneous (1,300 ft2), and fenced area (38.5 acres) (AFCEC 2014). Figure 2 illustrates the

historic layout of the MRA. No reports were found of the closure of the Former Otis Bomb

Storage Magazines and no detailed inventory of munitions items stored is available. Therefore,

all classes of munitions items may have been present at the MRA at one time including small

arms ammunition, pyrotechnics, demolition materials, mines, grenades, rockets, anti-tank

weapons, mortars, and artillery/other projectiles. The munitions were assumed to have been

relocated for temporary storage when the Otis Airfield was reconfigured in 1951 (AFCEC 2015).

A letter dated 27 August 2010 from the USEPA identified the disposition of the Former Otis Bomb

Storage Magazines MRA and stated that the site would be addressed in the MMRP under the FFA.

1.4 COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION

AFCEC maintains an Administrative Record, which consists of documents and other printed

materials (maps, photographs, engineering drawings, etc.) related to JBCC, and a computer

database listing all these documents and materials. The index of the Administrative Record lists

the historical data related to JBCC. Public access to the Administrative Record is available by

appointment at the AFCEC office at JBCC and at http://afcec.publicadmin-record.us.af.mil/. The

USEPA and MassDEP have reviewed the Final CSE Phase II (AFCEC 2018b) and have

concurred with the NFRAP designation for the Former Otis Bomb Storage Magazines MRA.

http://afcec.publicadmin-record.us.af.mil/





In accordance with the JBCC Community Involvement Plan, the NFRAP decision for the Former

Otis Bomb Storage Magazines MRA will be announced via a news release and paid

advertisement. A presentation by the JBCC Cleanup Team will also be scheduled after the press

release. Public notice will be given for a 30-day public comment period on this decision

document prior to a final decision regarding NFRAP designation. Comments and responses will

be included as a Responsiveness Summary which constitute Attachment C of this decision

document. Questions about this decision document may be directed to the Remediation Program

Manager, JBCC, AFCEC, at 508-968-4670 x5613.

1.5 SCOPE AND ROLE OF RESPONSE ACTION

JBCC was placed on the NPL in 1989 and is administered under the amended FFA. The

Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Information System

number for JBCC is MA2570024487. The assessment of the Otis Storage Magazine MRA is

being conducted consistent with CERCLA requirements, and to the NCP, to the extent

practicable.

The site identification phase of the Former Otis Bomb Storage Magazines was conducted under a

CSE Phase I (AFCEC 2014). The CSE Phase I recommended that a CSE Phase II be performed

in accordance with USAF Guidance for conducting the CSE Phase II at USAF MRAs under the

MMRP. The CSE Phase II found no evidence of MEC or MC at the site. The CSE Phase II

recommended no further action for this MRA (AFCEC 2018b).

AFCEC determined that the site does not represent an unacceptable risk to human health or the

environment and selected NFRAP as the decision for the Former Otis Bomb Storage Magazines

MRA. Under the amended FFA, no response action for site inspection sites, under CERCLA, as

amended by SARA of 1986, can be documented in a NFRAP decision document. The NFRAP

decision points have been met, and therefore, the site qualifies for Site Close-Out. Site Close-

Out signifies that the site meets UU/UE conditions and that no land use controls are required for

MEC and MC. Note that sites that meet similar closure conditions under the MassDEP MCP are

referred to as achieving a “Permanent Solution with No Conditions” (310 CMR 40.1041 [1])

(MassDEP 2014) for those hazardous substances subject to this Decision Document.





SUMMARY OF SITE CHARACTERISTICS

2.1 CLIMATE

The upper western portion of Cape Cod has a humid continental climate influenced by its

proximity to the Atlantic Ocean, resulting in warmer winters and cooler summers than areas

farther inland. The average annual temperature is approximately 50 degrees Fahrenheit (°F),

with the coldest temperatures in February ranging from approximately 23 to 38°F and the

warmest temperatures in July ranging from approximately 63 to 78°F.

Total annual precipitation is approximately 47.8 inches (in.), with precipitation fairly evenly

distributed throughout the year at 4 in. per month and a variation of 2-4.8 in. per month. June is

typically the driest month. Prevailing winds are from the northwest from November to March at

an average of 12 miles per hour (mph), and from the southwest from April to October at an

average of 9 mph.

2.2 TOPOGRAPHY AND HYDROLOGY

2.2.1 Topography

The topography at the MRA is predominantly flat with low grass, barren earth, or pavement.

Being in the southern portion of JBCC, the elevation at the MRA is approximately 100 ft above

mean sea level and it slopes up toward the west/northwest.

2.2.2 Hydrology

The Sagamore Lens of the Cape Cod Aquifer is unconfined and recharged by infiltration of

precipitation at a rate of approximately 30 in. per year (AFCEC 2018b). No major rivers or

streams exist within the JBCC boundaries. However, intermittent streams are present during

moderate or heavy rainfall events. Freshwater kettle hole ponds are present primarily in the

northern and western portions of JBCC.

There are no wetlands, surface water bodies, or drainage ditches at the Former Otis Bomb Storage

Magazines MRA; however, shallow groundwater discharges to nearby surface water bodies, with

ponds generally representing an expression of the water table. The nearest surface water bodies are

south and east of the JBCC boundary and include Ashumet Pond approximately 1 mile southwest,

Johns Pond approximately 0.8 mile south, and Moody Pond approximately 0.6 mile southeast.

2.3 SOILS AND VEGETATION

2.3.1 Soils

According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Natural Resources Conservation

Service, soil and shallow subsurface material at Former Otis Bomb Storage Magazines consists

of Enfield silt loam, defined as a very deep, well-drained soil with moderate permeability in the

upper silt loam and rapid to very rapid permeability in the underlying sand and gravel (USDA

2013).

Decision Document No Further Response Action Planned (NFRAP) Former Otis Bomb Storage Magazines Version: Draft Final Joint Base Cape Cod, Massachusetts August 2019


2.3.2 Vegetation

Vegetation at JBCC consists of seven major plant communities that are generally classified as mid to late successional forest with kettle hole ponds and wetlands (MAARNG 2009). These communities include mixed woods forest, pitch pine-scrub oak forest, hardwood forest, scrub oak barrens, grasslands, wetlands, and disturbed communities. The plant communities have been influenced by several factors such as fires, insect infestations, storms, drought, and historical logging and grazing; however, fires are most influential in maintaining the communities. The MRA primarily consists of buildings and impervious surfaces (paved parking lots, runway) (Figure 2). As such, little vegetation exists at the MRA. There are some grassed areas, which are common at JBCC. In fact, grasslands encompass approximately 175 acres of JBCC, are human-created and maintained. Common grassland species include filiform fescue (Festuca tenuifolia), little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium), and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) (MAARNG 2009). 2.4 GEOLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY

2.4.1 Geology

The Otis Bomb Storage Magazines MRA is located over the Mashpee Pitted Plain, which consists of unconsolidated outwash deposits of sand, gravel, and cobbles overlying fine-grained glaciolacustrine deposits (silts and clays) and basal till (AFCEC 2018b). The thickness of outwash sediments ranges from approximately 225 ft near the Buzzards Bay and Sandwich Moraines in the western and northern portions of JBCC to 80 ft near the shore of Nantucket Sound. 2.4.2 Hydrogeology

The MRA lies over the Sagamore Lens, which is the principal source of drinking water for the four towns of the Upper Cape including; Sandwich, Bourne, Mashpee, and Falmouth (AFCEC 2018b). The Sagamore Lens of the Cape Cod Aquifer is unconfined and recharged by infiltration of precipitation at a rate of approximately 30 in. per year. The aquifer thickness near Former Otis Bomb Storage Magazines varies between 200 and 250 ft, with water table fluctuations of 1 to 4 ft per year. Kettle ponds including Johns Pond, Ashumet Pond, and Moody Pond are expressions of the water table and are hydraulically connected to the aquifer. The upgradient portions of the ponds are groundwater discharge areas, while the downgradient portions are groundwater recharge areas. The depth to water as measured at nearby IRP monitoring wells is approximately 40-55 ft below ground surface (AFCEC 2012). Regional groundwater flow from Former Otis Bomb Storage Magazines MRA is south/southeast towards Johns Pond.





2.5 CURRENT AND POTENTIAL FUTURE SITE AND RESOURCE USES

2.5.1 Current Site Use

The Former Otis Bomb Storage Magazines MRA has been redeveloped and is currently covered

by the JBCC flight line and associated facilities including a parking area, six buildings, an

aviation tower, and a wide range of underground utilities (Figure 2). The MRA is used by the

U.S. Coast Guard (flight line), MAANG (buildings and infrastructure) and the U.S. Department

of Transportation (aviation tower).

2.5.2 Future Site Use

No change to land use is currently anticipated at the Former Otis Bomb Storage Magazines

MRA.





DATA ANALYSIS FOR SITE RISKS

The purpose of the CSE Phase II was to determine the presence or absence of MEC and MC and

to subsequently determine the potential hazards and risks posed to human and ecological

receptors from exposure to these constituents. The CSE Phase II Report is analogous to a

CERCLA SI Report.

As a result of the investigation activities, the objectives of the CSE Phase II were satisfied. A

summary of the CSE Phase II results are presented in Table 1.

Table 1 Summary of CSE Phase II Results

Investigation

Area

MEC Investigation

Methods

Area

Investigated

(Acres)

MEC

Found?

MC

Detected?

Former Otis

Bomb Storage

Magazines

Magnetometer-assisted

visual surface survey 2.34 No No

Notes:

MC = munitions constituents

MEC = munitions and explosives of concern

3.1 SUMMARY OF COMPREHENSIVE SITE EVALUATION PHASE II ACTIVITIES

CSE Phase II activities at the Former Otis Storage Bomb Magazines MRA included a

magnetometer-assisted surface survey to identify the presence or absence of potential MEC and

MC in soil at the MRA. The data were reviewed and used to develop and refine the conceptual

site models (CSMs) for potential exposures to MEC and MC for the MRA.

The following sections describe the overall scope and approach of the CSE Phase II investigation

at the Former Otis Bomb Storage Magazines MRA. Field activities were conducted 26 October

through 5 November 2015. Figure 3 depicts the incremental soil sampling locations.

3.1.1 Magnetometer-Assisted Visual Munitions and Explosives of Concern Surface

Survey

A White’s all-metals detector was used by unexploded ordnance (UXO) technicians for the MEC

survey activities. The purpose of the survey was to identify any evidence of MEC, munitions

debris (MD), or other areas of interest within the footprint of the former magazines. The survey

was conducted at the locations thought to be the former magazine footprints based on a review of

historical aerial imagery and where buildings or other impervious areas had not been constructed.

A total of 2.34 acres of the 38.5-acre MRA was surveyed at 11 of the former magazine locations.

The majority of the MRA has been reworked and the current layout of the flight line is inclusive

of the associated infrastructure including a paved parking area, various concrete buildings, an

aviation tower, and underground utilities. Additional magnetometer-assisted surveys could not

be performed at the MRA due to the metallic interference associated with the current

infrastructure.





3.1.2 Munitions Constituents Sampling

Incremental surface soil samples (100 increments) were collected from 0 to 2 in. at 11 decision

units (DUs) within the former storage areas to evaluate the potential presence of MC

(explosives). Replicate samples were collected from four DUs. Samples were submitted for

explosives analysis by Method SW8330B. There were no detections of explosives above the

reporting limit and as such, results were below the USEPA Residential Regional Screening

Levels and MassDEP S-1 standards. No screening-level human health or ecological risk

assessments were necessary.

3.2 CONCEPTUAL SITE MODEL

The CSMs were developed to assess the potential MEC and MC contamination sources and

receptors and analyze the exposure pathways that link them. The CSMs are used as a planning

tool for integrating information from a variety of resources, evaluating the information with

respect to project objectives and data needs, and evolving through an iterative process to

additional data collection or action. The information collected during the CSE Phase II field

activities was used to evaluate and update the CSMs for MEC and MC at the Former Otis

Bomb Storage Magazines MRA.

3.2.1 Munitions and Explosives of Concern Exposure Analysis

There has been no identified source of MEC, and as such all relevant pathways (surface and

subsurface soil) are incomplete to human receptors.

3.2.2 Munitions Constituents Exposure Analysis

No source of MC (explosives) was identified, and as such, all pathways (soil, surface

water/sediment, and groundwater) are incomplete to both human and ecological receptors.

3.3 SUMMARY

A NFRAP decision is recommended when the site can be classified as an Area of No Suspected

Contamination and no unacceptable risk or threat to public health or the environment exists. For

the Former Otis Bomb Storage Magazines MRA, no explosive safety hazards or MC risks to

human health or the environment have been identified (AFCEC 2018b).

Based on these results, No Further Action is recommended for the Former Otis Bomb Storage

Magazines MRA under the MMRP. Under this action, the site would be considered UU/UE for

MMRP with no land use controls for MEC and MC. Note that sites that meet similar closure

conditions under the MassDEP MCP are referred to as achieving a “Permanent Solution with No

Conditions” (310 CMR 40.1041 [1]) (MassDEP 2014) for those hazardous substances subject to

this Decision Document.





REFERENCES

Air Force Civil Engineer Center (AFCEC). 2018a (July). Final Expanded Site Inspection Work

Plan for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances at the Flight Line Area Sites, Joint Base

Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Prepared by CH2M.

______. 2018b (February). Final Comprehensive Site Evaluation Phase II Report, Joint Base

Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Prepared by EA Engineering, Science, and Technology, Inc.,

PBC.

______. 2015 (October). Final Comprehensive Site Evaluation Phase II Work Plan (Work

Plan), Joint Base Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Prepared by EA Engineering, Science, and

Technology, Inc. PBC.

______. 2014 (February). Final Report – Comprehensive Site Evaluation Phase I, Military

Munitions Response Program, Joint Base Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Prepared by U.S.

Army Corps of Engineers and FPM Remediation, Inc.

______. 2013 (October). Final 4th Five Year Review, 2007-2012 Massachusetts Military

Reservation (MMR) Superfund Site, Otis Air National Guard Base, MA. Prepared by

CH2M HILL for AFCEC/MMR, Installation Restoration Program, Otis ANG Base,

Massachusetts.

———. 2012 (December). Fuel Spill-1 Groundwater Plume Conceptual Site Model. Prepared

by CH2M HILL for AFCEC/MMR, Installation Restoration Program, Otis Air National

Guard Base, Massachusetts.

Massachusetts Army National Guard (MAARNG). 2009. Camp Edwards Training Site

Integrated Natural Resources Management Plan.

Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection (MassDEP). 2014. Massachusetts

Contingency Plan, 310 CMR 40. April. http://www.mass.gov/eea/docs/dep/

service/regulations/310cmr40.pdf.

United States Department of Agriculture. 2013. Official Soil Series Descriptions: Carver,

Eastchop, Enfield, Gloucester, Plymouth, Riverhead.

United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). 2001 (October). Revised Ordnance and

Explosives Archives Search Report and Hazardous, Toxic and Radiological Waste

Preliminary Assessment for Massachusetts Military Reservation, Barnstable County,

Massachusetts. USACE Rock Island District.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Region 1, Department of the Air Force

National Guard Bureau, and the U.S. Coast Guard. 2002 (June). Federal Facility

Agreement (FFA) Under CERCLA S120 and RCRA S7003 for the Massachusetts Military

Reservation as amended.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Region 1 and the U.S. Department of Defense,

National Guard Bureau. 1991 (and subsequently amended). Federal Facility Agreement

Under CERCLA § 120 and RCRA § 7003. In the matter of: The U.S. Department of

Defense, National Guard Bureau, Massachusetts Military Reservation, Cape Cod, MA.

http://www.mass.gov/eea/docs/dep/%20service/regulations/310cmr40.pdf

http://www.mass.gov/eea/docs/dep/%20service/regulations/310cmr40.pdf




6290401-MMRP-NFRAP-002






Figures

Joint BaseCape Cod

Bourne

Sandwich

Falmouth

Mashpee

Shawme-CrowellState Forest

Frances A. CraneWildlife Management Area

Cape Cod Bay

Buzzards Bay

Nantucket Sound

Cape

Cod Canal

MA

No Further Action Planned Decision DocumentFormer Otis Bomb Storage MagazineJoint Base Cape Cod, Massachusetts

Figure 1Site Location

LegendInstallation BoundaryFormer Otis Bomb StorageMagazine MRA Boundary

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Service Layer Credits: ESRI Street Map, 2016Final CSE Phase II Report for Joint Base CapeCod, Massachusetts, February 2018.

Notes:1. MRA = Munitions Response Area

Former Otis BombStorage Magazine

Bldg 115

Bldg 150

Bldg 124

Bldg 148

Bldg Otis-91

Bldg 127

Bldg 116

Bldg 154

Bldg 108

Bldg 135

Bldg 100Bldg 105

No Further Action Planned Decision DocumentFormer Otis Bomb Storage MagazineJoint Base Cape Cod, Massachusetts

Figure 2Otis Bomb Storage Magazines

LegendInstallation BoundaryFormer Otis Bomb StorageMagazine MRA BoundaryFormer Magazine Footprint

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1943 Historical Aerial

Bldg 137

Bldg 158

Bldg 122

Bldg 6165

Bldg 130

Bldg 129Bldg 133

Bldg 132

Bldg 154

Bldg 131

Bldg 146

Bldg PB594

Bldg 153Bldg PB199

No Further Action Planned Decision Document Former Otis Bomb Storage MagazineJoint Base Cape Cod, Massachusetts

Figure 3Summary of Sampling Locations

LegendInstallation BoundaryFormer Otis Bomb StorageMagazine MRA Boundary

Investigation SummarySampled IS Decision Unit Not Sampled Magnetometer-Assisted Visual Survey IS Increment Locations

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Notes: Magnetomter-assisted visual survey path conducted in each decision unit

MRA = Munitions Response AreaIS = Incremental Sampling

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ATTACHMENT A

MassDEP Concurrence

(To Be Provided After Public Comment Period)





Attachment B

Memorandum for Distribution: AFCEC and IAGWSP Land

Use Control (LUC) Programs

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Deep Pond

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Greenwa yRdW ood Rd

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Pa th: Y:\Figures\Genera l\ERC_Plum em a p\GIS\20180131\GIS\Arcm a p\erc_ plum em a p_ 20180131.m xd Da te: 2/6/2018 Tim e: 3:01:58 PM User: JMESSN E1

Bourne

Sandwich

Falmouth Mashpee

MCL – Ma xim um Conta m ina nt LevelMMCL – Ma ssa chusetts Ma xim um Conta m ina nt LevelHA – Federa l Lifetim e Hea lth AdvisoryGW -1 – Sta te defa ult clea nup va lue to b e used in lieu of site-specific risk-b a sed level10 – EPA level resulting in a n excess ca ncer risk of one in a m illionRBC - Site Specific Risk Ba sed Concentra tion

Chlorina ted Solvents Plum e - Concentra tions Exceed MCLs TCE = 5.0 µg/L PCE = 5.0 µg/LEDB Plum e -Concentra tions Exceed MMCL = 0.02 µg/LPerchlora te Plum e - Concentra tions Exceed MMCL = 2.0 µg/L

Town Bounda ry

Treatment System Pipeline:

Infiltra tion Trench/Ga llery (On)

Influent Effluent

Legend

Contaminant of Concern (COC)TCE – trichloroethenePCE – perchloroetheneCCI4 – ca rb on tetra chlorideEDB – ethylene dib rom ideb enzenevinyl chloride1,1,2,2-tetra chloroetha ne1,4-dichlorob enzenem a nga nesetha lliumlea dtolueneRDX - hexa hydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-tria zine

perchlora te

Type of Contaminantsolvent solventsolventfuel-rela ted com poundfuel-rela ted com poundsolventsolventsolventm eta lm eta lm eta lfuel-rela ted com poundexplosive

oxidizer

Risk-Based LevelMCL = 5 µg/LMCL = 5 µg/LMCL = 5 µg/LMMCL = 0.02 µg/LMCL = 5 µg/LMCL = 2 µg/LGW -1 = 2 µg/LMMCL = 5 µg/LEPA Hea lth Advisory = 300 µg/LMCL = 2 µg/L15 µg/L (trea tm ent technique a ction level for wa ter distrib ution system s)MCL = 1,000 µg/LHA = 2 µg/LGW -1 = 1 µg/L10 = 0.6 µg/LHA = 15 µg/LMMCL = 2 µg/L

C5-C8 a lipha tic hydroca rb ons

The a rea s of conta m ina tionshow the com b ined conta m ina ntsof concern within ea ch plum e.

N ote: ppb = pa rts per b illion a ndis a m ea sure of concentra tion.It is a pproxim a tely equiva lent tom icrogra m s per liter (µg/L).

Sca le: 1 inch = 1 m ile

Municipa l W a ter Supply W ell#*

RDX Plum e - Concentra tions exceed EPA 10-6 risk-b a sed level = 0.6 ppb

Extra ction W ell

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Reinjection W ell!!D Extra ction W ell (Off)

!!D Reinjection W ell (Off)Outflow Bub b ler

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Fuel Plum e - The Following Conta m ina nts Exceed Associa tedMCP GW -1 or RBC Groundwa ter Sta nda rds:C5-C8 a lipha tic hydroca rb ons, GW -1 = 300 µg/LC9-C10 a rom a tic hydroca rb ons, GW -1 = 200 µg/LC9-C12 a lipha tic hydroca rb ons, GW -1 = 700 µg/LC11-C22 a rom a tic hydroca rb ons, GW -1 = 200 µg/L1,2,4-TMB, RBC = 19 µg/L1,3,5-TMB, RBC = 19 μ g/L2-m ethylna phtha lene, GW -1 = 10 µg/L

fuel-rela ted com pound GW -1 = 300 µg/LC9-C10 a rom a tic hydroca rb ons fuel-rela ted com pound GW -1 = 200 µg/LC9-C12 a lipha tic hydroca rb ons fuel-rela ted com pound GW -1 = 700 µg/LC11-C22 a rom a tic hydroca rb ons fuel-rela ted com pound GW -1 = 200 µg/L1,2,4-TMB fuel-rela ted com pound RBC = 19 µg/L1,3,5-TMB fuel-rela ted com pound RBC = 19 µg/L2-m ethylna phtha lene fuel-rela ted com pound GW -1 = 10 µg/L

Joint Base Cape CodGroundwater Plume Map

Issued February 2018

-6

-6

Infiltra tion Trench/Ga llery (Off)

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ATTACHMENT C

Responsiveness Summary

(To Be Provided After Public Comment Period)

DRAFT FINAL DECISION DOCUMENT NO FURTHER RESPONSE …

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