Dr. Konstantinos Galanis -...
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Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers, Greek Branch, Chapter 7 Dr. Konstantinos Galanis Operations & Technical Senior Manager Seanergy Maritime Holdings Corp.
Transcript of Dr. Konstantinos Galanis -...
Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers, Greek Branch, Chapter 7
Dr. Konstantinos GalanisOperations & Technical Senior ManagerSeanergy Maritime Holdings Corp.
Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers, Greek Branch, Chapter 7
Crew’s wages and bunkers represent the two largest items in the cost of operating a vessel
Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers, Greek Branch, Chapter 7
Knowledge of the human element in a working ship is essentialIncomplete and/or incompetent crew: unseaworthy vesselOfficers & ratingsSize and complexity of the shipFlag of the ship
Health & SafetyAgreements with trades unions
Master/First Officer/Second Officer/Third Officer/Fourth mate/etc.Chief Engineer/Second/Third/Fourth/Electrician/etc.GMDSS (Global Maritime Distress & Safety System)STCW
Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers, Greek Branch, Chapter 7
Responsible for safe navigation of the vesselProtect the lives of all on boardPreserve their employer’s investment and cargo been carried
Administrator and disciplinarian taskBeing manager of a commercial enterpriseUltimately responsible for everything that happens on boardDelegation of authorities & duties
First Mate or Chief Officer (proper stowage of cargoes)
Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers, Greek Branch, Chapter 7
International Maritime Solid Bulk Cargoes codeThree groups
Group A: consists of cargoes that may liquefy if shipped with moisture content in excess of their transportable moisture limitGroup B: consists of cargoes which possess a chemical hazard which could give rise to a dangerous situation on a ship.Group C: consists of cargoes which are liable to liquefy as Group A does and do not possess chemical hazards as in Group B
Liquefaction does not occur when one of the following conditions is satisfied:• If the cargo particles are small, good cohesion is present then water
pressure between the cargo particles does not increase.• If the cargo contains large particles or lumps, water passes through
the space and therefore no increase of water pressure.• If the cargo contains a high percentage of air and a low moisture
content. Dry cargoes cannot liquefy.
Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers, Greek Branch, Chapter 7
Liquefaction can be described as follows:Volume of space between particles reduces, cargo compacts due to ship’s motionSpace reduction between particles causes an increase in water pressureIncreased water pressure reduces friction between particles, resulting in reduced sheer strength
Liquefaction does not occur when one of the following conditions is satisfied:
If the cargo particles are small, good cohesion is present then water pressure between the cargo particles does not increase.If the cargo contains large particles or lumps, water passes through the space and therefore no increase of water pressure.If the cargo contains a high percentage of air and a low moisture content. Dry cargoes cannot liquefy.
Cargoes from India, Indonesia, Philippines, Ukraine & Brazil)
Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers, Greek Branch, Chapter 7
Group A (Mineral Concentrates, Nickel Ore, Coal Slurry)
Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers, Greek Branch, Chapter 7
Group B (Coal, Direct Reduced Iron, Iron Oxide, Sodium Nitrate)
Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers, Greek Branch, Chapter 7
Group C (Iron Ore Pellets, Cement, Limestone, Gypsum)
Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers, Greek Branch, Chapter 7
Proper trainingDeck or Navigating Officers: three levels (Second Mate/First Mate/Master)Class 3, Class 2 & Class 1: study & examination‐>Certificate of Competence (issued by the Flag Administrations)STCW (2011) provides the minimum standards to be achieved
Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers, Greek Branch, Chapter 7
Crew has tremendous responsibilitiesHuge capital investmentDecision making ashore can be complex and time‐consuming in contrast with the ship
Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers, Greek Branch, Chapter 7
Cost issuesFlags of convenience
Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers, Greek Branch, Chapter 7
Maintain suitable crews onboard the vesselsSub‐contractingEconomies of scaleNationality and funds remittance
Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers, Greek Branch, Chapter 7
Wages & conditionsCost of living in different countriesManning levelsFlag state‐Classification Society‐InsurerITF (International Workers’ Federation)POC (Port of Convenience)
Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers, Greek Branch, Chapter 7
RecruitmentProper wagesCo‐ordination & timingRecord keeping & valid certificates
Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers, Greek Branch, Chapter 7
Quantity – Quality – CostItinerary, geography, trade patternViscosity (Redwood Scale or Centistokes), TemperatureISO 8217 / BSMA (British Standard) / CIMAC (Int’l Council on Combustion Engine): representative sampleBunker brokerMARPOLNOx, SOx, CO2
SEEMP (Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan)EEDI (Energy Efficiency Design Index)ECAs (Emission Control Areas)SECA (Sulphur ECA)LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) as a fuel
Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers, Greek Branch, Chapter 7
BIMCO Fuelcon (1995): standard form of contract for bunker suppliesBIMCO Standard Bunker Contract (2001): two parts (Confirmation Note and General Terms &Conditions)Main clauses:
Clause #2: QualityClause #3: QuantitiesClause #4: Sampling [environmental issues]Clauses #5&10: Delivery & TitleClauses #7&8: Price & PaymentClause #15: Disputes
Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers, Greek Branch, Chapter 7
Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers, Greek Branch, Chapter 7
Case StudiesYou have been asked to look into the manning of two of the new ships that the company is about to acquire under its management.
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of hiring a mixed nationality crew.Where would you be able to source them and what safeguards can you put in place so that your company will be provided by competent crews and officers?What methods you use to minimize friction on board caused by racial, cultural and religious differences.
Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers, Greek Branch, Chapter 7
Case StudiesAnswer BOTH parts
(a) The ISM code requires ‘the company to ensure that each ship is manned with qualified, certificated and medically fit seafarers’. How would you as a ship manager ensure that this requirement is met?(b) What are the likely consequences of a Port State Control inspector or flag state discovering that a crew‐member is not properly qualified?
Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers, Greek Branch, Chapter 7
Case StudiesShip Owners and Managers continue to report a shortage of well trained and experienced Officers and ratings in all sectors of the shipping industry. Explain how this shortage has come about and how it could be overcome.
Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers, Greek Branch, Chapter 7
Case StudiesThe child of a colleague has expressed a keen interest in a career at sea as a deck officer and would like to know some of the advantages and disadvantages of this. Draw up a list of these with brief explanatory notes for guidance so that you are able to provide them with a balanced view of such a career path.
Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers, Greek Branch, Chapter 7
Case StudiesAnswer all parts of the question: Your vessel is completing discharge in the Caribbean and will need to take bunkers during the next voyage which will be loading at New Orleans, USA for discharge Genoa in Italy. The vessel is not fitted with specialized scrubbing equipment to deal with sulphur emissions.
a) What specific grades or types of bunkers must the vessel have on board for the voyage to meet all regulatory requirements?b) Where on the voyage would you consider taking these bunkers and why would you choose these locations? Why are these ports successful bunkering locations?c) What procedures should you expect your company to have in place to ensure that your vessel receives bunkers of specified quantity and quality at a competitive price and avoids any problems arising with using these?
Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers, Greek Branch, Chapter 7
Attempt the following and check your answers from the text:
1. What are the three “roles” which a ship’s master has to fulfill?2. What particular duty is usually delegated to the Chief Officer?3. When does “title in the goods” pass from seller to buyer in the
BIMCO Standard Bunker Contract?4. What are the viscosities of IFO usually supplied to ships?5. At what point does the BIMCO Standard Bunker Contract require
samples to be taken and how many?6. What is the number of the ISO standard for bunker supplies?7. What is meant by “consolidation”?
EssayIt is your task to set up a crewing department.
Describe how you would staff it, giving details of the status and duties of each of its members.
