Dr. Garrett Brown, 'Why should 'we' care about 'them'?'
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Transcript of Dr. Garrett Brown, 'Why should 'we' care about 'them'?'
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Why ‘We’ Should Care About ‘Them’?: The Future of Cosmopolitan Justice in a Fragmented World
We? Them?
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We
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Them
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Wealth Distribution 2013
We
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Limpopo HIV/AIDS Refugee Camp
Them
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Cosmopolitan Justice
• The idea that we have duties of justice to all human beings based solely on their humanity alone, without reference to nationality, citizenship, ethnicity, race, religion, gender or other particularities.
• If justice is defined as ‘just treatment and the quality of being fair and equitable.’
• Then cosmopolitan justice refers to just treatment of all humans and the quality of being fair and equitable to those beyond our borders.
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Relax ‘we’ Really Don’t Have to Care Too Much
• Justice requires a sense of national solidarity and cultural identification.
• Justice is only about institutional structures, if they don’t exist, justice does not exist.
• Justice is about reciprocal relationships where expectations are generated.
• Justice only applies where ‘relational conditions’ exist, since this is not the case at the global level, justice remains an internal matter for states.
• Duties for assistance, but not justice.
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Why ‘We’ Have to Care
• It is a matter of happenstance where a person is born. Determining just treatment on the accident of birth is arbitrary and untenable.
• There are global institutions that greatly alter the lives of those beyond our borders.
• Globalization creates ‘relational conditions’ that demand social cooperation, where the scope of justice applies.
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Self-interest and Harm
Even if you don’t buy the positive moral argument….
• Negative argument – would you knowingly want to harm another human being?
• A condition of global justice could be in your self-interest.
• What’s the alternative? Business as usual?
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Justice is too difficult!
• Yeah, but how can one person make a difference?
• Yeah, but what about cultural relativism?
• Yeah, but it’s Western imperialism!
• Yeah, but it’s a realist world out there!
• Yeah, but it is too idealistic and it is never going to happen!
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A failure of political imagination
• States are political associations for collective action – You are not meant to do it alone.
• Cultural relativism demands equality between cultures, so surely this requires justice too.
• A fallacy to assume that just because something comes from a certain place that it is wrong.
• Is realism as real as it thinks? Global conditions and cosmopolitan stepping stones.
• Everything normatively important was considered politically idealistic in the beginning.